特殊句式
【方法导入】
1．注意分析句式结构，确定为何种特殊句式。如果是省略句，注意补全缺失部分之后再解题。
2．根据特殊句式的结构特点填入适当的词。
(1)看到倒装句，要注意其谓语动词的人称和数。
(2)看到 there be 句型要注意主谓一致和时态。
技巧 1 熟记句型结构，轻松确定答案
1. — Do you understand the meaning of the sentence
— Sorry, ______ . Would you please explain it again
A．I didn’t get it B．I don’t know
C．I’m not in the mood for it D．I don’t agree with
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——你明白这个句子的意思吗 ——抱歉，我没听懂。请你再解释一遍好吗
A. I didn’t get it 我没听懂；B. I don’t know 我不知道；C. I’m not in the mood for it 我没心情；D. I don’t agree
with 我不同意。根据“Would you please explain it again ”可知，没有听懂句子的意思。故选 A。
【答案】A
1. Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in
reaching goals.
A. I did discover B. did I discover
C. I discovered D. discovered
2.—I’ve just heard a lot about you. You got promoted, right ________
—Many thanks.
A．Good for you. B．You asked for it. C．There you are. D．You’ve gone too far.
技巧 2 巧用还原法，化难为易
1. It was in our school hall ____________ our school held a variety show last week.
【解析】考查强调句型。It is/was...that...为强调句型，判断依据为去掉 It was 和 that 之后，句子
仍完整。故填 that。
【答案】that
1. It’s in the Summer Olympics _________ you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing, etc.
2. 说出划线部分的用法
— You shouldn’t read books while having lunch①. If so②，you will make the book you read③ dirty.Would you like
to put your book aside now
— I’d like to④，but the book is so interesting that I can’t tear myself away from it.
— Do you want to have a stomachache
— No，I hope not⑤.I will put it away right now.
状语从句的省略：
1．在状语从句的省略中，若省略，则主语和 be 动词一起省略，若保留则一起保留。
You are not careful enough while (you are) crossing a busy street.
在横穿繁忙街道的时候，你再怎么小心也不为过。
2．在状语从句的省略中，考查连词之后的非谓语动词时，要考虑该动词与主句主语之间的关系。
Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to college.
尽管缺钱，他的父母还是设法让他去上大学。
He always keeps silent unless asked.
除非被问到，他总是保持沉默。
基础夯实
考点一 强调句型
1．陈述句：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他．(强调人时可用 that 或 who，强调物时只用 that)
一般疑问句：Is/Was ＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他？
◆(天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
正是在我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。
◆(四川卷)Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down
他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？
2．not...until...的强调句：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他．(注意时态)
◆(湖南卷)It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its
beauty but also its weather.
直到我来到这里，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。
[名师点津] (1)当强调句的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，要用陈述句语序。
◆I wonder who it was that told Jim the news.
我想知道是谁告诉吉姆这个消息的。
(2)强调谓语动词时，用 do/does/did＋动词原形。该结构只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现在
时和一般过去时。
考点二 倒装
表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词(短语)here、there、now、then、up、
完全倒装 down、away、off、in、out、in the room、on the wall 等置于句首，且主语为
名词时
否定副词(never、neither、nor、hardly、little、seldom、rarely 等)或表示否定
意义的介词短语(at no time、by no means、on no condition、in no case 等)置于
句首时
only 修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句，且置于句首时
部分倒装 “so/neither＋助动词/be 动词/情态动词＋主语”意为“……也是如此/也不……”
“Not only＋部分倒装， but also...”意为“不仅……而且……”
not until...置于句首时， 主句需部分倒装
So＋adj./adv.＋部分倒装＋that.../Such (a/an)＋adj.＋n.＋部分倒装＋that...意为
“如此……以至于……”
◆(江苏卷)Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist related activities in
the rural areas. 直到近期，他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。
◆(湖南卷)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.
直到讨论了那个问题几个小时之后他们才做出决定。
◆(四川卷)We laugh at jokes, but seldom do we think about how they work.
我们听到笑话时会笑，却很少去考虑它们是如何让我们发笑的。
◆(陕西卷)John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.
约翰打开门，一个他以前从未见过的女孩站在那里。
◆With the great honor of being government officials of this nation comes great
responsibility.
有幸成为这个国家的政府官员，责任重大。
考点三 省略
1．状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是 it 且从句
中含 be 动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和 be 动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介词
短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。
◆(湖南卷)Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
孩子在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。
2．不定式的省略
(1) 在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短
语), 只保留不定式符号 to。常用在 expect、hope、intend、mean、try、want、wish 等词后。
◆(江苏卷)Firstly, people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don't want to. 首
先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。
(2)but 用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词 do, 后接不定式时，要省略
to；但前面没有实义动词 do 时，后接不定式时，不能省略 to。
◆(陕西卷 )If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater
challenge.
如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。
[名师点津] (1)如果不定式中含有 be、have、have been，通常保留 be、have、have been。
(2)特殊的省略结构(常作为插入语来处理)：
if so 如果这样的话
if not 如果不这样的话
if ever 如果曾经有的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if any 如果有的话
考点四 感叹句、祈使句、there be 句型及反意疑问句
一、感叹句
1．what 引导的感叹句
(1)What＋a/an(＋adj.)＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋(adj.)＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！
2．how 引导的感叹句
(1)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
(2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
(3)How＋主语＋谓语！
◆(辽宁卷)What a strange plant(＝How strange a plant)! I've never seen it before.
多么奇怪的一种植物啊！我以前从未见过。
◆The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。
二、祈使句
祈使句常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般是第二人
称 you(常省略)。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加 don't, 也可用副词 never 构成。祈使句
的强调形式可以在句首加 do。
◆Do your homework before you watch TV.
看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。
三、there be 句型
(1)there be 句型中的 be 可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。并且 be 有时
可用 live、remain、stand、lie、exist、seem to be、appear to be、happen to be、used to be 等替换。
◆There have been many great changes in our country since then. 从那时起我们国家发生
了很多大的变化。
◆Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。
(2)there be 句型的常考句型：
①There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义；
②There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……；
③There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事；
④There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/with sth.做某事(没)有困难；
⑤There is no possibility of (doing) sth./that...(做)某事没有可能性。
四、反意疑问句
反意疑问句由“陈述句＋反问句”构成，若陈述句为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式，反之
亦然。
1．陈述部分含有 must 的反意疑问句
(1)当 must 作“必须”讲时，其反意疑问词用 needn't；当为 mustn't(不允许、禁止)时其反
意疑问词用 must。
◆You must go now, needn't you
你现在必须走，不是吗？
◆You mustn't smoke here, must you
你不能在这里吸烟，是吧？
(2)当 must 表示推测，作“一定、准是”讲时，反意疑问部分的动词形式要根据 must 后面
的动作所表示的时间来确定。
◆You must have watched the football match last night, didn't you？ 你昨晚一定是看这场
足球比赛了，是吧？
2．陈述部分含有 used to 时，疑问词用 usedn't 或 didn't 均可。
◆You used to play football, usedn't/didn't you
你过去常常踢足球，是吗？
3．陈述部分含有 ought to 时，疑问词用 oughtn't 或 shouldn't 均可。
◆He ought to attend the meeting, oughtn't/shouldn't he
他应该参加会议，不是吗？
4．陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句
(1)当陈述部分含有 seldom、hardly、scarcely、never、few、little、nothing、nobody 等否
定词或半否定词时，疑问部分动词用肯定式。
◆He could hardly get up, could he
他几乎起不来了，不是吗？
(2)陈述部分含有表示否定意义的前缀或后缀构成的词时，反意疑问部分的动词一般用否
定式。
◆Mary dislikes sports, doesn't she
玛丽不喜欢体育运动，不是吗？
(3)陈述部分含有宾语从句时，反意疑问部分的主语应和主句的主语保持一致。
◆He said that she would come here on time, didn't he
他说过她会准时来这里，不是吗？
[名师点津] 当主句是 I think/believe/suppose...等结构时，反意疑问部分往往根据宾语从句
的主语和谓语而定。需特别注意否定转移的现象中的肯定式和否定式。
◆I don't think he will attend the meeting on time, will he
我认为他不会准时参加会议，是吗？
模拟演练
Ⅰ、单项选择
1．There is no doubt________ this candidate’s strength lies in his ability to________ conflicts in the workplace.
A．whether; look into B．if; come up with
C．that, deal with D．that; participate in
2.________ both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be established in this region.
A．As long as B．Only if C．If only D．Unless
3.________is the power of global warming that the climate goes from one extreme to the other.
A．Such B．This C．That D．So
4.If Tom’s wife won’t go to the party,________.
A．he will either B．neither will he C．he neither will D．either he will
5.Only when ________hard________realize your dream of going to a key university.
A．do you study; you can B．you study; you can C．do you study; can you D．you study;
can you
6.This discovery helped researchers conclude that these two drugs, when ___ together, could lead to heart disease.
A．taken B．taking C．to take D．having taken
7.He was born in an extended family. His family, is richer than mine.
A．if so B．if anything C．if ever D．if not
8.Never before ____________ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
A．had she B．she had
C．has she D．she has
9.So sudden ________ that the enemy had no time to escape.
A．the attack did B．did the attack C．the attack was D．was the attack
10.It was ______ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.
A．repairing B．repaired C．to repair D．in repair
Ⅱ、语法填空
1．Much ____________ I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.
2． Not until I returned ________I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.
3． It was what he meant rather than what he said ________annoyed me.
4． He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the advertisement in a newspaper, because barely________(can) he
make ends meet.
5． I believe that when the power of love overcomes the love of power,________then will there be peace in this
world.(用适当的单词填空)
6.Once___________ (pour), water can’t be taken back.
7． When deeply ______(absorb) in work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. (用单词的适当形式完成
句子)
8There __________ an apple, two bananas and some oranges on the plates. (用适当的词填空)
9． _____(delight) as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Browns Grove
Farm is one of the suppliers of a newly opened restaurant. (所给单词的适当形式填空)
10． Only if you put the sun there __________ the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. (用适当
的词填空)
11.---How is the man injured in the earthquake
---The doctor said if _________（treat） in a proper way, he was likely to be saved. (所给词的适当形式填空）
12.In ____________ case should we prevent the students from exploring new ideas and technology.（用适当的单
词填空）
13． From the picture we know, ________ happy do the children feel that they are wild with joy.
14． It is not what we do once in a while ___________shapes our lives but what we do consistently.
Ⅲ、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（一）
Chinese scientists have created the world’s first light-based quantum (量子) computer, called Jiuzhang. It’s
1． breakthrough in the field after Google completed its quantum computer last year. 2． (compare) with today’s
best supercomputers, Jiuzhang can calculate 100,000 billion times faster.
Usually, information 3． (handle) in binary bits (二进位) by classical computers, presenting itself as either 0s
or 1s. However, quantum computers process data using qubits (量子位), 4． is identified as 0s, 1s or everything in
between. As a result, as the number of qubits 5． (increase), the computing ability of quantum computers rises too.
Another advantage of Jiuzhang is that it’s 6． (easy) to make and maintain. Superconducting quantum computers
must be kept at ultra-cold temperatures 7． (ensure) their materials can conduct electricity without any resistance.
But most parts of Jiuzhang can operate at room temperature except its sensory equipment and it must be kept at
-29.1℃. With advantages 8． traditional computers, quantum computers have a wide range of 9． (apply). The
calculations carried out by Jiuzhang can 10． (potential) be applied to machine learning, quantum chemistry and
graph theory.
（二）
With fewer than 2, 000 giant pandas left in the wild, the sighting of one of the lovely animals is a cause for
11． (celebrate). However, the one recently spotted walking through a bamboo forest in China’s Sichuan Province is
even more so, 12． (consider) that it is the worlds first known all-white panda!
It 13． (spot) by an infrared (红外线的) camera set up to monitor the wildlife in the Wolong National Nature
Reserve on May 25, 2019, 14． is also home to China’s first giant panda breeding and research center. Wolong
officials estimate the panda, whose sex is hard 15． (determine) from the photo, is between one and two years old.
16． is generally believed that the giant pandas unique black and white coloring allows it to blend in with the
snow during winter or to hide in the shade during summer. Some 17． (scientist) also believe the dark circles around
the eyes help the panda bears recognize each other. 18． (lucky), the lack of markings does not seem to have
affected the all-white panda so far.
The researchers say albino (白化病) animals are rare in general. That’s because it can only happen if both
parents carry the gene. With so few specimens of panda bears left in the world, the possibility of that happening is
almost next 19． impossible. Researchers believe if its offspring can be photographed, it will be 20． (value) for
further research.
Ⅳ句型转换
1. Maybe you have been to many countries, but you can find such a beautiful place nowhere else.（倒装）
→Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else______________________ such a beautiful place.
2. Many lakes lie in the dark forests, some large enough to hold several towns.（倒装）
→In the dark forests______________________, some large enough to hold several towns.
3. They at no time actually broke the rules. It was unfair to punish them.（倒装）
→At no time ______________________ the rules. It was unfair to punish them.
4. What you do rather than what you say matters.（强调）
→______________what you do rather than what you say______________matters.
5. With the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued.（强调）
→__________________________________ that the mountain climber was rescued.
6. Film has a much shorter history, especially when it is compared with such art forms as music and painting.（省
略）
→Film has a much shorter history, especially when ______________________ such art forms as music and
painting.
7. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if it is carried out regularly, can improve our health. （省
略）
→The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if______________________ regularly, can improve our
health.
8. What an interesting movie we watched last night!（感叹句）
→______________________ we watched last night!
9. How difficult the maths problem is! None of us can work it out.（感叹句）
→____________________________________________! None of us can work it out.
真题演练
【2021 年】
1．（2021·天津卷）---How's the project going
--- ________. All we have to do is finish the last bit of work.
A．Easy come easy go B．Far from it
C．By all means D．So far so good
2. （2021·天津卷）—Are you done with the book I gave you
— ________. I'm still reading the last chapter.
A．Hard to say B．Not quite C．Of course D．It all depends
3. （2021·全国乙卷短文改错）That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on
the topic!
【2020 年】
1.（2020·江苏卷） Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within
two years.
A. a wet blanket B. a piece of cake C. a dark horse D. a hard nut to crack
2. （2020·江苏卷）—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing
—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A. How come B. So what C. By all means. D. With pleasure.
3．（2020·天津卷）—Tim has difficulty in making decisions.
—__________. He's still hesitating about whether to take the job.
A．That’s it B．Give it a try C．It's settled D．You're kidding me
4．（2020·天津卷）—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
—______. I will.
A．My pleasure B．No wonder C．Good point D．Never mind
5．（2020·天津卷)）—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight
—______. I’ll drive her there.
A．Have a try B．Don’t mention it C．Don’t bother D．Go ahead
【2019 年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】 —Let's take a coffee break.
— __________ We' ve been working for hours.
A. Why bother B. What for C. You got me there. D. You said it.
2.【2019·天津卷】—I guess you want to go play tennis.
—__________. That's exactly what I was thinking too.
A. I didn't get it B. It's up to you
C. You never know D. You read my mind
3.【2019·天津卷】—My son got a full scholarship to his dream university!
—Wow, ___________! What's he going to study
A. good for him B. go for it
C. what a coincidence D. all the best
4.【2019·天津卷】The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in
his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
【2018 年】
1.【2018·天津】—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
—___________. Just let me know when, and I'll be there.
A. You bet B. It depends
C. Forget it D. No kidding
2.【2018·天津】 —Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now
一_________. She will be here in about twenty minutes.
A. All right B. Don't worry
C. No wonder D. Enjoy yourself
3.【2018·江苏】—What happened Your boss seems to _______.
—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press
A. be over the moon B. laugh his head off
C. be all ears D. fly off the handle
4.【2018·江苏】 —You know what I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.
—Oh, _______ You’re kidding.
A. so what B. go ahead.
C. come on. D. what for
5.【2018·天津】It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the
passenger seat.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
6.【2018·北京】 In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you
the help you need.
A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed
7.【2018·新课标 II 卷】China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens
"offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【2017 年】
1.【2017·天津卷】—Michael was late for Mr. Smith’s chemistry class this morning.
—________ As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A. So what B. Why not C. Who cares D. How come
2.【2017·天津卷】—Albert’s birthday is on next Saturday, and I’m planning a surprise party for him.
—__________. I’ll bring some wine.
A. Sounds like fun B. It depends
C. Just a minute D. You are welcome
3.【2017·江苏卷】— What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean
—it’s nothing. Just something _______.
A. as clear as day B. off the top of my head
C. under my nose D. beyond my wildest dreams
4.【2017·江苏卷】—Going to watch the Women’s Volleyball Match on Wednesday
—_______! Will you go with me
A. You there B. You bet C. You got me D. You know better
5.【2017·江苏卷】_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it
6.【2017·天津卷】It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.
A. who B. where C. which D. that
【2016 年】
1.【2016·江苏】—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
— ______. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so C. I appreciatethat D. I beg to differ
2.【2016·天津】---It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome
---______. There were good things and bad things about them.
A. It’s hard to say B. I didn’t get it
C. You must be kidding D. Couldn’t be better
3.【2016·天津】—I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.
—Sounds great!_____.
A. It all depends B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder
4.【2016·浙江】 —Are you sure you're ready for the test
—_________. I'm well prepared for it.
A. I'm afraid not B. No problem C. Hard to say D. Not really
5.【2016·浙江】—The movie starts at 8:30,and we can have a quick bite before we go
— .See you at 8:10
A. So long B. Sounds great C. Good luck D. Have a good time
6.【2016·江苏】Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
7.【2016·天津】You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
学习评价：
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________特殊句式
【方法导入】
1．注意分析句式结构，确定为何种特殊句式。如果是省略句，注意补全缺失部分之后再解题。
2．根据特殊句式的结构特点填入适当的词。
(1)看到倒装句，要注意其谓语动词的人称和数。
(2)看到 there be 句型要注意主谓一致和时态。
技巧 1 熟记句型结构，轻松确定答案
1. — Do you understand the meaning of the sentence
— Sorry, ______ . Would you please explain it again
A．I didn’t get it B．I don’t know
C．I’m not in the mood for it D．I don’t agree with
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——你明白这个句子的意思吗 ——抱歉，我没听懂。请你再解释一遍好吗
A. I didn’t get it 我没听懂；B. I don’t know 我不知道；C. I’m not in the mood for it 我没心情；D. I don’t agree
with 我不同意。根据“Would you please explain it again ”可知，没有听懂句子的意思。故选 A。
【答案】A
1. Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in
reaching goals.
A. I did discover B. did I discover
C. I discovered D. discovered
【解析】此处 Only 作副词放句首修饰时间状语 after talking to two students，主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装
是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需
添加助动词 do, does 或 did，并将其置于主语之前。句意：在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到，拥有强烈的
动机是达到目标的最大因素。故选 B。
【答案】B
2.—I’ve just heard a lot about you. You got promoted, right ________
—Many thanks.
A．Good for you. B．You asked for it. C．There you are. D．You’ve gone too far.
【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——我刚听说过很多关于你的事。你升职了，对吗？真为你高兴。——非
常感谢。A.Good for you. 真为你高兴；B.You asked for it.这是你自找的；C.There you are.给你；D.You’ve gone
too far.你太过分了。根据上文“You got promoted, right ”以及回答“Many thanks.”可知，升值是好事，故“真为
你高兴”符合情境。故选 A。
【答案】A
技巧 2 巧用还原法，化难为易
1. It was in our school hall ____________ our school held a variety show last week.
【解析】考查强调句型。It is/was...that...为强调句型，判断依据为去掉 It was 和 that 之后，句子
仍完整。故填 that。
【答案】that
1. It’s in the Summer Olympics _________ you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing, etc.
【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有在夏季奥运会上才有跑步比赛，还有游泳、帆船等比赛。强调句结构为 It
is/was +强调部分 + that 从句，本句强调地点状语 in the Summer Olympics 。
故填：that。
【答案】that
2. 说出划线部分的用法
— You shouldn’t read books while having lunch①. If so②，you will make the book you read③ dirty.Would you like
to put your book aside now
— I’d like to④，but the book is so interesting that I can’t tear myself away from it.
— Do you want to have a stomachache
— No，I hope not⑤.I will put it away right now.
【解析】
①在 while，when，where，as if，if，though，no matter what，until 等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含 be
动词，而从句主语又与主句主语一致或从句主语是 it 时，状语从句中的主语和谓语中的 be 动词可以一起省
略。②if ever 如果曾发生过的话；if busy 如果忙的话；if any 如果有的话；if possible 如果可能的话；if so
如果这样的话；if not 如果不的话；if necessary 如果必要的话。③限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词 that，
which，whom 常可以省略。④在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上
时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号 to。⑤英语中还常常用 so/not 等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，
so/not 多跟在 I’m afraid，I hope，I think，I guess，I believe 等开头的答句中。
状语从句的省略：
1．在状语从句的省略中，若省略，则主语和 be 动词一起省略，若保留则一起保留。
You are not careful enough while (you are) crossing a busy street.
在横穿繁忙街道的时候，你再怎么小心也不为过。
2．在状语从句的省略中，考查连词之后的非谓语动词时，要考虑该动词与主句主语之间的关系。
Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to college.
尽管缺钱，他的父母还是设法让他去上大学。
He always keeps silent unless asked.
除非被问到，他总是保持沉默。
基础夯实
考点一 强调句型
1．陈述句：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他．(强调人时可用 that 或 who，强调物
时只用 that)
一般疑问句：Is/Was ＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他？
◆(天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
正是在我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。
◆(四川卷)Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down
他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？
2．not...until...的强调句：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他．(注意时态)
◆(湖南卷)It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its
beauty but also its weather.
直到我来到这里，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。
[名师点津] (1)当强调句的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，要用陈述句语序。
◆I wonder who it was that told Jim the news.
我想知道是谁告诉吉姆这个消息的。
(2)强调谓语动词时，用 do/does/did＋动词原形。该结构只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现在
时和一般过去时。
考点二 倒装
表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词(短语)here、there、now、then、up、
完全倒装 down、away、off、in、out、in the room、on the wall 等置于句首，且主语为
名词时
否定副词(never、neither、nor、hardly、little、seldom、rarely 等)或表示否定
意义的介词短语(at no time、by no means、on no condition、in no case 等)置于
句首时
only 修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句，且置于句首时
部分倒装 “so/neither＋助动词/be 动词/情态动词＋主语”意为“……也是如此/也不……”
“Not only＋部分倒装， but also...”意为“不仅……而且……”
not until...置于句首时， 主句需部分倒装
So＋adj./adv.＋部分倒装＋that.../Such (a/an)＋adj.＋n.＋部分倒装＋that...意为
“如此……以至于……”
◆(江苏卷)Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist related activities in
the rural areas. 直到近期，他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。
◆(湖南卷)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.
直到讨论了那个问题几个小时之后他们才做出决定。
◆(四川卷)We laugh at jokes, but seldom do we think about how they work.
我们听到笑话时会笑，却很少去考虑它们是如何让我们发笑的。
◆(陕西卷)John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.
约翰打开门，一个他以前从未见过的女孩站在那里。
◆With the great honor of being government officials of this nation comes great
responsibility.
有幸成为这个国家的政府官员，责任重大。
考点三 省略
1．状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是 it 且从句
中含 be 动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和 be 动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介词
短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。
◆(湖南卷)Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
孩子在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。
2．不定式的省略
(1) 在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短
语), 只保留不定式符号 to。常用在 expect、hope、intend、mean、try、want、wish 等词后。
◆(江苏卷)Firstly, people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don't want to. 首
先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。
(2)but 用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词 do, 后接不定式时，要省略
to；但前面没有实义动词 do 时，后接不定式时，不能省略 to。
◆(陕西卷 )If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater
challenge.
如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。
[名师点津] (1)如果不定式中含有 be、have、have been，通常保留 be、have、have been。
(2)特殊的省略结构(常作为插入语来处理)：
if so 如果这样的话
if not 如果不这样的话
if ever 如果曾经有的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if any 如果有的话
考点四 感叹句、祈使句、there be 句型及反意疑问句
一、感叹句
1．what 引导的感叹句
(1)What＋a/an(＋adj.)＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋(adj.)＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！
2．how 引导的感叹句
(1)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
(2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
(3)How＋主语＋谓语！
◆(辽宁卷)What a strange plant(＝How strange a plant)! I've never seen it before.
多么奇怪的一种植物啊！我以前从未见过。
◆The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。
二、祈使句
祈使句常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般是第二人
称 you(常省略)。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加 don't, 也可用副词 never 构成。祈使句
的强调形式可以在句首加 do。
◆Do your homework before you watch TV.
看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。
三、there be 句型
(1)there be 句型中的 be 可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。并且 be 有时
可用 live、remain、stand、lie、exist、seem to be、appear to be、happen to be、used to be 等替换。
◆There have been many great changes in our country since then. 从那时起我们国家发生
了很多大的变化。
◆Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。
(2)there be 句型的常考句型：
①There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义；
②There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……；
③There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事；
④There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/with sth.做某事(没)有困难；
⑤There is no possibility of (doing) sth./that...(做)某事没有可能性。
四、反意疑问句
反意疑问句由“陈述句＋反问句”构成，若陈述句为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式，反之
亦然。
1．陈述部分含有 must 的反意疑问句
(1)当 must 作“必须”讲时，其反意疑问词用 needn't；当为 mustn't(不允许、禁止)时其反
意疑问词用 must。
◆You must go now, needn't you
你现在必须走，不是吗？
◆You mustn't smoke here, must you
你不能在这里吸烟，是吧？
(2)当 must 表示推测，作“一定、准是”讲时，反意疑问部分的动词形式要根据 must 后面
的动作所表示的时间来确定。
◆You must have watched the football match last night, didn't you？ 你昨晚一定是看这场
足球比赛了，是吧？
2．陈述部分含有 used to 时，疑问词用 usedn't 或 didn't 均可。
◆You used to play football, usedn't/didn't you
你过去常常踢足球，是吗？
3．陈述部分含有 ought to 时，疑问词用 oughtn't 或 shouldn't 均可。
◆He ought to attend the meeting, oughtn't/shouldn't he
他应该参加会议，不是吗？
4．陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句
(1)当陈述部分含有 seldom、hardly、scarcely、never、few、little、nothing、nobody 等否
定词或半否定词时，疑问部分动词用肯定式。
◆He could hardly get up, could he
他几乎起不来了，不是吗？
(2)陈述部分含有表示否定意义的前缀或后缀构成的词时，反意疑问部分的动词一般用否
定式。
◆Mary dislikes sports, doesn't she
玛丽不喜欢体育运动，不是吗？
(3)陈述部分含有宾语从句时，反意疑问部分的主语应和主句的主语保持一致。
◆He said that she would come here on time, didn't he
他说过她会准时来这里，不是吗？
[名师点津] 当主句是 I think/believe/suppose...等结构时，反意疑问部分往往根据宾语从句
的主语和谓语而定。需特别注意否定转移的现象中的肯定式和否定式。
◆I don't think he will attend the meeting on time, will he
我认为他不会准时参加会议，是吗？
模拟演练
Ⅰ、单项选择
1．There is no doubt________ this candidate’s strength lies in his ability to________ conflicts in the workplace.
A．whether; look into B．if; come up with
C．that, deal with D．that; participate in
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定句型和动词短语辨析。句意：毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他处理工作场所冲突的
能力。第一空为固定句型 there is no doubt that…，表示“毫无疑问……”；第二空，A. look into 调查；B. come
up with 提出；C. deal with 处理；D. participate in 参加。根据后文“conflicts in the workplace”可知是指处理冲
突的能力，应用 deal with。故选 C。
2.________ both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be established in this region.
A．As long as B．Only if C．If only D．Unless
【答案】B
【解析】考查从属连词和部分倒装。句意：只有双方接受这项协议，才能在该地区建立持久的和平。A.As long
as 只要；B.Only if 只有；C.If only 要是……多好；D.Unless 除非。主句“will a lasting peace be established in this
region”使用了部分倒装，所以从句应为 only 修饰状语从句，即当 only 修饰状语放在句首时主句使用部分倒
装，符合的只有选项 B。其它三个选项都不符合部分倒装规则。且根据句意，此处是指只有双方接受这项协
议，才能在该地区建立持久的和平。故选 B。
3.________is the power of global warming that the climate goes from one extreme to the other.
A．Such B．This C．That D．So
【答案】A
【解析】考查结果状语从句。句意：全球变暖的力量如此强大，以至于气候从一个极端走向了另一个极端。
“such...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，为固定搭配，此处 such 放在句首主句用部分倒装。so 需要修饰
形容词或副词。故选 A。
4.If Tom’s wife won’t go to the party,________.
A．he will either B．neither will he C．he neither will D．either he will
【答案】B
【解析】考查主谓倒装。句意：如果汤姆的妻子不去聚会，他也不去。 “so＋助动词（情态动词或连系动词）＋
另一主语”，表示前面的情况也适用于后者；如果前句是否定句，则要用“neither ／nor ＋助动词（情态动
词或连系动词）＋主语”。本句的前文为否定，所以后文表示“也是如此”，用 neither/nor 的倒装，故选 B。
5.Only when ________hard________realize your dream of going to a key university.
A．do you study; you can B．you study; you can C．do you study; can you D．you study;
can you
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：只有当你努力学习，你才能实现你去重点大学的梦想。分析句子可知，only+
时间状语从句位于句首，主句应用部分倒装，从句语序正常。故选 D。
6.This discovery helped researchers conclude that these two drugs, when ___ together, could lead to heart disease.
A．taken B．taking C．to take D．having taken
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词和省略。句意：这一发现帮助研究人员得出结论，当这两种药物同时服用时，可
能会导致心脏病。分析句子结构可知，空处省略主语 the two drags，此处表示药被服用，所以空处需用一般
现在时的被动语态：are taken，此处 when 引导的时间状语从句，主语与宾语从句主句一致，且含有 be 动词，
所以此处 be 动词和主语被省略，所以可能从需用过去分词 taken，故选 A。
7.He was born in an extended family. His family, is richer than mine.
A．if so B．if anything C．if ever D．if not
【答案】B
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：他出生在一个大家庭里。如果要说有什么区别的话，他家比我家更
有钱。A. if so 如果是这样的话；B. if anything 如果有什么区别的话；C. if ever 如果有过的话；D. if not 如果
不。状语从句省略了 it is，根据后文“is richer than mine”可知是将自己与他进行比较，说明二者的区别是他
家比“我家”更有钱。故选 B。
8.Never before ____________ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
A．had she B．she had
C．has she D．she has
【答案】C
【解析】考查倒装。句意：在那以前，她从来没有看到一个人可能和 Robert 一样打乒乓球打得那么好。否
定词 never 放在句首，主句要部分倒装，B、D 排除，又因为是过去的情况对现在造成的影响，所以为现在
完成时，是第三人称所以用 has，所以用现在完成时，排除 A，故选 C。
9.So sudden ________ that the enemy had no time to escape.
A．the attack did B．did the attack C．the attack was D．was the attack
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：进攻来得太突然，敌人来不及逃跑。在 so…that…结构中，有时要强调 so 所
修饰的形容词或副词，常将 so 连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提前放在句首，so 后面的句子要使用部分
倒装。sudden 是形容词，应该与 be 动词搭配使用，且时态为一般过去时，故应将 was 提前。故选 D。
10.It was ______ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.
A．repairing B．repaired C．to repair D．in repair
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：老人整个上午都待在家里，就是在修理旧钟。分析句子结构可知此处为强
调句结构“it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他”，且根据短语 spend time (in) doing sth.，可知此处应用 repairing，
被强调部分为 repairing the old clock。故选 A。
Ⅱ、语法填空
1．Much ____________ I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.
【答案】as/though
【解析】考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：尽管我很佩服他的勇气，但我认为他的行为并不明智。由句意
可知，本句是由 as/though（尽管）引导的让步状语从句，本句进行了部分倒装，将状语提到 as/though 前面，
原句为：As/Though I admire his courage much。故填 as/though。
2． Not until I returned ________I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.
【答案】did
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：直到回来，我才发现安静的小镇生活对我才是最好的。not until 放在句首，
主句要部分倒装。结合前文的 returned 可知，可知为一般过去时，故在主句主语 I 前加 did。故填 did。
3． It was what he meant rather than what he said ________annoyed me.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。句意：是他话里的意思而不是他说的话把我惹恼了。分析可知，去掉设空处和 It was
该句是一个完整的句子，故这是一个强调句，被强调的部分是“what he meant rather than what he said”，结合
强调句的结构，强调事物用 that,该空应该填 that。故填 that。
4． He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the advertisement in a newspaper, because barely________(can) he
make ends meet.
【答案】could
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：因为入不敷出，当他在报纸上看到这则广告时抓住了机会。否定副词 barely
位于从句句首时句子要进行部分倒装，将助动词、情态动词或系动词 be 等置于主语前，再结合“jumped”可
知，使用情态动词 can 的过去式 could。故填 could。
5． I believe that when the power of love overcomes the love of power,________then will there be peace in this
world.(用适当的单词填空)
【答案】only
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：我相信，当爱的力量战胜了对权势的爱，直到那时这个世界才会有和平。
此处为“only then…”句型，表示“直到那时”，后跟部分倒装。故填 only。
6.Once___________ (pour), water can’t be taken back.
【答案】poured
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：水一倒就收不回来了。once 连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同
的主语和从句中的 be 动词。从句陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般
现在时的被动语态，故从句完整为 Once(water is) poured。故填 poured。
7． When deeply ______(absorb) in work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. (用单词的适当形式完成
句子)
【答案】absorbed
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当他全神贯注地工作时，他总是忘记吃饭和睡觉。 absorb 意为
“使……全神贯注”，常用句型 sb. be absorbed in sth.，意为“某人全神贯注于……”。该处指他全神贯注于工作，
因此，需要选择用 absorb 的某种形式。when 引导时间状语从句，该从句补充完整为：when he is deeply
absorbed in work。根据“主从句主语一致，且从句中有 be 的时候，可以省略从句主语和 be”的原则，该从句
省略为 when deeply absorbed。故填 absorbed。
8There __________ an apple, two bananas and some oranges on the plates. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：盘子里有一个苹果，两根香蕉和一些橙子。There be“有”，是倒装句，谓语
动词采用就近原则，主语为 an apple, two bananas and some oranges，谓语动词的数由最近的 an apple 决定，
因此 be 动词要用单数形式，结合语境可知本句为一般现在时。故填 is。
9． _____(delight) as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Browns Grove
Farm is one of the suppliers of a newly opened restaurant. (所给单词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Delighted
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：尽管看到眼前的西红柿我很高兴，但当我得知布朗斯格罗夫农场是一家新
开张的餐馆的供应商之一时，我更高兴了。分析可知，题干中形容词前置句首，且前后句为转折关系，可
推知本句应是让步状语从句结构：形容词/副词 + as + 主语 + 系动词/动词，修饰人的情感，用过去分词。
故填 Delighted。
10． Only if you put the sun there __________ the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. (用适当
的词填空)
【答案】did
【解析】考查倒装和时态。句意：只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其它行星的运动才能说得通。Only
if 条件从句在前，主句要进行部分倒装，即助动词或情态动词提到主语前，put the sun there 是哥白尼当时的
动作，用的是一般过去时，前后时态一致，助动词用 did，故填 did。
11.---How is the man injured in the earthquake
---The doctor said if _________（treat） in a proper way, he was likely to be saved. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】treated
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：医生说如治疗得当，地震中受伤的人可能得救。因从句主语是“治疗”
这一动作的承受者且描述过去的事实，故从句用一般过去时的被动语态，if 从句的主语与主句“he was likely
to be saved”的主语一致，故从句省略主语和 be 动词，“if he was treated … ” 省略成“if treated”。故填 treated。
12.In ____________ case should we prevent the students from exploring new ideas and technology.（用适当的单
词填空）
【答案】no
【解析】考查部分倒装结构。句意：在任何情况下我们都不应该阻止学生探索新思想和新技术。分析句子
结构可知，该句…should we prevent the students…使用了部分倒装句，因此句首应该是表示否定的短语，in no
case 意为“在任何情况下都不……”，符合句意。故填 no。
13． From the picture we know, ________ happy do the children feel that they are wild with joy.
【答案】So
【解析】考查倒装句的用法。根据句中“that 从句”可知，该题考查“so...that”句式引出的倒装；So+形容词或
副词位于句子开头，则主句用部分倒装。句意：从我们知道的图片中可知，孩子们感到很快乐以至于他们
都要乐疯了。故答案为 So。
14． It is not what we do once in a while ___________shapes our lives but what we do consistently.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：塑造我们生活的不是我们偶尔做的事情而是我们经常做的事情。本句是强
调句型，强调主语 not what we do once in a while but what we do consistently，这是指物的短语，所以要填
that。
Ⅲ、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（一）
Chinese scientists have created the world’s first light-based quantum (量子) computer, called Jiuzhang. It’s
1． breakthrough in the field after Google completed its quantum computer last year. 2． (compare) with today’s
best supercomputers, Jiuzhang can calculate 100,000 billion times faster.
Usually, information 3． (handle) in binary bits (二进位) by classical computers, presenting itself as either 0s
or 1s. However, quantum computers process data using qubits (量子位), 4． is identified as 0s, 1s or everything in
between. As a result, as the number of qubits 5． (increase), the computing ability of quantum computers rises too.
Another advantage of Jiuzhang is that it’s 6． (easy) to make and maintain. Superconducting quantum computers
must be kept at ultra-cold temperatures 7． (ensure) their materials can conduct electricity without any resistance.
But most parts of Jiuzhang can operate at room temperature except its sensory equipment and it must be kept at
-29.1℃. With advantages 8． traditional computers, quantum computers have a wide range of 9． (apply). The
calculations carried out by Jiuzhang can 10． (potential) be applied to machine learning, quantum chemistry and
graph theory.
【答案】1．a2．Compared3．is handled4．which5．increases6．easier7．to ensure8．over9．applications
10．potentially
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家成功创造了世界第一台光子的量子计算机“九章”，并
介绍了它的操作原理和优势。
1．考查冠词。句意：谷歌去年完成量子计算机后, 这是在这一领域的一个突破。分析句子可知，句中
“breakthrough”意为“突破，重大进展”，为可数名词，句中泛指一个突破，故应用不定冠词修饰，breakthrough
单词音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故应用不定冠词 a。故填 a。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：与当今最好的超级计算机相比，九章的计算速度快了 10 万亿倍。分析句子可
知，句中有谓语动词“calculate”且句中无连词，故应用 compare 的非谓语动词，compare 意为“比较”，动词
词性，“compare…with…”意为“把……和……进行比较”，句子主语 Jiuzhang 与 compare 之间为逻辑上的动
宾关系，故应用 compare 的过去分词 compared 在句中作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填 Compared。
3．考查时态和语态。句意：通常，信息是由经典计算机以二进制位处理的，表示为 0 或 1。根据句意和句
中“Usually”可知，句子表示的是经常性，习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时，handle 意为“处理”，动词词性，
句子主语 information 与 handle 之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，information 为不可数名词，
与 is 连用，handle 的过去分词为 handled。故填 is handled。
4．考查定语从句。句意：然而，量子计算机使用量子位处理数据，量子位被识别为 0、1 或介于 0 和 1 之
间的任何东西。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 qubits，指物，在从句中作
主语，故应用关系代词 which 引导从句，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which。
5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，随着量子位的增加，量子计算机的计算能力也随之提高。根据句意
可知，句子为 as 引导的时间状语从句，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，increase 意为“增加”，动
词词性，句中“the number of”意为“……的数量”，后接名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故空格处应用 increase
的三单形式 increases。故填 increases。
6．考查形容词比较级。句意：九章的另一个优点是它更容易制作和维护。根据句意可知，句子是在介绍九
章的优点，是在把九章和其他计算机进行比较，“更”容易制作和维护，故应用比较级，easy 意为“容易的”，
形容词词性，在句中作表语，比较级为 easier。故填 easier。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：超导量子计算机必须保持在超低温下，以确保其材料能够在没有任何电阻的情
况下导电。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“be kept”且句中无连词，故应用 ensure 的非谓语动词，ensure 意
为“确保”，动词词性，“确保其材料能够在没有任何电阻的情况下导电”是“超导量子计算机必须保持在超低
温下”的目的，故应用动词不定式作目的状语，不定式符号 to 后接动词原形。故填 to ensure。
8．考查介词。句意：量子计算机具有传统计算机无法比拟的优势，有着广泛的应用。根据句意可知，句子
表示的是“量子计算机的优势超过传统计算机”，故空格处应用 over，意为“多于，超过”，介词词性，“advantages
over”意为“优于……”。故填 over。
9．考查名词。句意：量子计算机具有传统计算机无法比拟的优势，有着广泛的应用。分析句子可知，句中
“a wide range of…”意为“广泛的”，后接可数名词复数，在句中作宾语，apply 意为“应用”
，动词词性，对应的名词为 application，意为“应用”，为可数名词，复数形式为 applications。故填
applications。
10．考查副词。句意：九章所做的计算有可能应用于机器学习、量子化学和图论。分析句子可知，句中“be applied
to…”意为“应用于……”，为动词短语，前面应用副词修饰，potential 意为“可能的，潜在的”，形容词词性，
对应的副词为 potentially，意为“可能地，潜在地”。故填 potentially。
（二）
With fewer than 2, 000 giant pandas left in the wild, the sighting of one of the lovely animals is a cause for
11． (celebrate). However, the one recently spotted walking through a bamboo forest in China’s Sichuan Province is
even more so, 12． (consider) that it is the worlds first known all-white panda!
It 13． (spot) by an infrared (红外线的) camera set up to monitor the wildlife in the Wolong National Nature
Reserve on May 25, 2019, 14． is also home to China’s first giant panda breeding and research center. Wolong
officials estimate the panda, whose sex is hard 15． (determine) from the photo, is between one and two years old.
16． is generally believed that the giant pandas unique black and white coloring allows it to blend in with the
snow during winter or to hide in the shade during summer. Some 17． (scientist) also believe the dark circles around
the eyes help the panda bears recognize each other. 18． (lucky), the lack of markings does not seem to have
affected the all-white panda so far.
The researchers say albino (白化病) animals are rare in general. That’s because it can only happen if both
parents carry the gene. With so few specimens of panda bears left in the world, the possibility of that happening is
almost next 19． impossible. Researchers believe if its offspring can be photographed, it will be 20． (value) for
further research.
【答案】
11．celebration
12．considering
13．was spotted
14．which
15．to determine
16．It
17．scientists
18．Luckily
19．to
20．valuable
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上已知的第一只纯白色大熊猫以及它的发现经过，研究人员说，白化病
动物在一般情况下是罕见的。如果它的后代能够被拍摄下来，将对进一步的研究有价值。
11．考查名词。句意：在野生大熊猫数量不到2000只的情况下，看到这种可爱的动物是值得庆祝的事情。for
为介词后跟名词做宾语，故填celebration。
12．考查固定短语。句意：然而，最近在中国四川省竹林里看到的那只大熊猫更是如此，因为它是世界上
已知的第一只纯白色大熊猫!固定短语considering that“鉴于；考虑到……”，故填considering。
13．考查动词时态语态。句意：2019年5月25日，监控卧龙国家级自然保护区野生动物的红外摄像机发现了
这只大熊猫，卧龙也是中国首个大熊猫繁育和研究中心所在地。本句中主语与谓语动词为被动关系，且时
间为2019年5月25日，应用一般过去时，主语为it谓语动词用单数。故填was spotted。
14．考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。本句为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Wolong National Nature
Reserve，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which。
15．考查固定短语。句意：卧龙官员估计，这只熊猫的性别很难从照片中确定，年龄在1到2岁之间。固定
短语hard to do sth.“难以做某事”，故填to determine。
16．考查固定句式。句意：人们普遍认为，大熊猫独特的黑白颜色使它能够在冬天与雪融为一体，或在夏
天躲在阴凉处。固定句式It is generally believed that…“普遍认为……”，故填It。
17．考查名词的数。句意：一些科学家还认为，熊猫眼睛周围的黑眼圈有助于它们相互识别。scientist为可
数名词，由some修饰应用复数形式，故填scientists。
18．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，到目前为止，这种全白的熊猫身上没有斑纹。修饰下文整个句子应用副
词，故填Luckily。
19．考查固定短语。句意：由于世界上现存的大熊猫标本如此之少，这种情况发生的可能性几乎是不可能
的。固定短语next to“几乎；差不多”，故填to。
20．考查形容词。句意：研究人员认为，如果它的后代能够被拍摄下来，将对进一步的研究有价值。根据
上文it will be可知应填形容词作表语，故填valuable。
Ⅳ句型转换
1. Maybe you have been to many countries, but you can find such a beautiful place nowhere else.（倒装）
→Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else can you find such a beautiful place.
2. Many lakes lie in the dark forests, some large enough to hold several towns.（倒装）
→In the dark forests lie many lakes, some large enough to hold several towns.
3. They at no time actually broke the rules. It was unfair to punish them.（倒装）
→At no time did they actually break the rules. It was unfair to punish them.
4. What you do rather than what you say matters.（强调）
→It is what you do rather than what you say that matters.
5. With the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued.（强调）
→It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was rescued.
6. Film has a much shorter history, especially when it is compared with such art forms as music and painting.（省
略）
→Film has a much shorter history, especially when compared with such art forms as music and painting.
7. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if it is carried out regularly, can improve our health. （省
略）
→The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if carried outregularly, can improve our health.
8. What an interesting movie we watched last night!（感叹句）
→How interesting a movie we watched last night!
9. How difficult the maths problem is! None of us can work it out.（感叹句）
→What a difficult maths problem it is! None of us can work it out.
真题演练
【2021 年】
1．（2021·天津卷）---How's the project going
--- ________. All we have to do is finish the last bit of work.
A．Easy come easy go B．Far from it
C．By all means D．So far so good
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——这个项目进展的如何？——到目前为止，一直都还不错。我们要
做的就是完成最后一项工作。A.Easy come easy go 来得容易去得也快；B.Far from it 远非如此；C.By all means
尽一切办法，务必；D.So far so good 到目前为止，一直都还不错。根据下半句可知，目前进展还不错。故
选 D。
2. （2021·天津卷）—Are you done with the book I gave you
— ________. I'm still reading the last chapter.
A．Hard to say B．Not quite C．Of course D．It all depends
【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——我给你的那本书你看完了吗？——还没完全看完。我还在看最后
一章。A. Hard to say 很难说；B. Not quite 不完全，未必；C. Of course 当然；D. It all depends 要看情况而
定。根据后文“I'm still reading the last chapter.”可知书还没完全看完，not quite 符合语境。故选 B。
3. （2021·全国乙卷短文改错）That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on
the topic!
【答案】 hopes→hope
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：希望这能激发更多关于这个话题的思考！分析句子结构可知，此处为祈
使句，所以动词 hope 需要用动词原形。故将 hopes 改为 hope。
【2020 年】
1.（2020·江苏卷） Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within
two years.
A. a wet blanket B. a piece of cake C. a dark horse D. a hard nut to crack
【答案】D
【解析】考查习惯用语辨析。句意:在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情，但当地政府在两年内
完成了。A. a wet blanket 一件扫兴的事情；B. a piece of cake 小菜一碟；C. a dark horse 出人意外的获胜者；
D. a hard nut to crack 很难解决的问题。根据空前 such a bridge over the bay 及空后 but the local government
made it within two years 可知，在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情。故选 D。
2. （2020·江苏卷）—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing
—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A. How come B. So what C. By all means. D. With pleasure.
【答案】C
【解析】考查日常交际用语。句意:-你知道关于张仲景的事情吗？-当然。 自东汉以来，他被尊为医学
大师。A. How come 怎么会？B. So what 那又怎样？C. By all means.当然；D. With pleasure.很愿效劳。根据
空后 He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.可知，后者对张仲景非常了解。所以
他“当然”知道关于张仲景的事情。C 选项符合语境。故选 C。
3．（2020·天津卷）—Tim has difficulty in making decisions.
—__________. He's still hesitating about whether to take the job.
A．That’s it B．Give it a try C．It's settled D．You're kidding me
【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。句意：—Tim 做决定有困难。—就是。他还在犹豫是否接受那份工作。 A.That's
it 就是；B. Give it a try 试一试:C. It's settled 那就决定了;D.You're kidding me 你在跟我开玩笑吧。此处是对上
句情况的肯定，故选 A。
4．（2020·天津卷）—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
—______. I will.
A．My pleasure B．No wonder C．Good point D．Never mind
【答案】C
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--下次你去拜访 Bob 的时候，记得提前给他打个电话。--好主意。我会的。
A. My pleasure 我很荣幸，别客气；B. No wonder 难怪；C. Good point 好主意；D. Never mind 没有关系。根
据”I will”可知，第二个人对第一个人的提议非常赞同。故 C 选项符合语境。故选 C。
5．（2020·天津卷)）—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight
—______. I’ll drive her there.
A．Have a try B．Don’t mention it C．Don’t bother D．Go ahead
【答案】C
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--今晚我为莎拉叫一辆出租车去机场好吗？--不用麻烦了。我开车送她去。
A. Have a try 试一试吧；B. Don’t mention it 别客气，不用谢；C. Don’t bother 不用麻烦了；D. Go ahead 走吧，
干吧。根据“I will drive her there”可知，第二个人会送莎拉去机场，因此他让第一个人“不用麻烦叫出租车”。
故选 C。
【2019 年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】 —Let's take a coffee break.
— __________ We' ve been working for hours.
A. Why bother B. What for C. You got me there. D. You said it.
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景对话。——句意：我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。——你算说对了。我们已经工作好几
个小时了。下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”，上文应该是赞同这个建议。 why bother 没有必要；what for
为什么；You got me there 你把我搞糊涂了；You said it 你算说对了，故选 D。
2.【2019·天津卷】—I guess you want to go play tennis.
—__________. That's exactly what I was thinking too.
A. I didn't get it B. It's up to you
C. You never know D. You read my mind
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——我猜你想去打网球。——你猜透了我的心思。那就是我正在想着
的事情。从回答的后半句可知，听话人同意说话人的意思。而 A（不明白，不认同某人的说法）、B（决于
你）和 C（很难说，不可预知）都不符合语境。“you read my mind”意为你知我心，符合语境，故选 D。
3.【2019·天津卷】—My son got a full scholarship to his dream university!
—Wow, ___________! What's he going to study
A. good for him B. go for it
C. what a coincidence D. all the best
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查情景对话。句意：——我的儿子得了他梦想大学的全额奖学金。——噢，对他有好
处!他打算学习什么呢 good for him“对他有好处” ；go for it“努力争取”； what a coincidence“多么巧合”； all
the best“祝一切顺利（祝酒告别时说）”。故选 A。
4.【2019·天津卷】The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in
his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account
决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做 should do，敢于做 dare do，根据句意表示”应该“，故
选 A。
【2018 年】
1.【2018·天津】—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
—___________. Just let me know when, and I'll be there.
A. You bet B. It depends
C. Forget it D. No kidding
【答案】A
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——我在几天内会搬家，我想知道你是否能帮忙。——没问题，只需
要让我知道什么时候，我就会到那儿。A. You bet 没问题；B. It depends 看情况而定；C. Forget it 算了吧；
D. No kidding 别开玩笑。根据答句中的 Just let me know when, and I’ll be there.可以判断：他/她一定会帮忙。
故选 A。
2.【2018·天津】 —Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now
一_________. She will be here in about twenty minutes.
A. All right B. Don't worry
C. No wonder D. Enjoy yourself
【答案】B
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——琼现在不是应该在这儿吗？——不用担心，在大约 20 分钟内她将
会到这儿的。A. all right 好，行；B. Don’t worry 别担心；C. No wonder 难怪；D. Enjoy yourself 玩得开心。
根据答句中的 She will be there in about twenty minutes.可以判断：不需要担心琼，她一会儿就到。故选 B。
3.【2018·江苏】—What happened Your boss seems to _______.
—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press
A. be over the moon B. laugh his head off
C. be all ears D. fly off the handle
【答案】D
【解析】考查习惯用语。句意：——发生什么了？你老板看起来勃然大怒。——你难道不知道他的秘
书把秘密报告泄露给新闻界了吗？A. be over the moon 非常高兴；B. laugh his head off 笑的要死；C. be all ears
洗耳恭听；D. fly off the handle 勃然大怒。故选 D。
4.【2018·江苏】 —You know what I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.
—Oh, _______ You’re kidding.
A. so what B. go ahead.
C. come on. D. what for
【答案】C
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——你知道是什么吗？我已经得到一张新年音乐会的票了。——哦，
得了吧，你开玩笑的吧。A. so what 那又怎么样？B. go ahead.去吧。C. come on.得了吧。D. what for 为什么？
交际用语中 come on 表示“得了吧！算了吧！”，用来指责别人或表示不耐烦。故选 C。
5.【2018·天津】It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the
passenger seat.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考
查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主
语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语 only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故选 B。
6.【2018·北京】 In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get
you the help you need.
A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就
会使你得到你需要的帮助。and 是连词，连接并列结构，and 后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选
项中。只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故 A 选项正确。
7.【2018·新课标 II 卷】China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens
"offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案】feeding
【解析】考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业
和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while 后面省略掉了 China is，省略
句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有 be
动词时，那么可以把主语和 be 动词一块省略。故填 feeding。
【2017 年】
1.【2017·天津卷】—Michael was late for Mr. Smith’s chemistry class this morning.
—________ As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A. So what B. Why not C. Who cares D. How come
【答案】D
【解析】句意：—今天上午迈克尔在斯密斯老师的化学课迟到了。—怎么会呢？据我所知，他上课从
不迟到。A.那又怎么样呢；B.为什么不呢；C 谁在意呢；D.怎么会呢。根据语境，故选 D。
2.【2017·天津卷】—Albert’s birthday is on next Saturday, and I’m planning a surprise party for him.
—__________. I’ll bring some wine.
A. Sounds like fun B. It depends
C. Just a minute D. You are welcome
【答案】A
【解析】句意：—艾伯特的生日在下个星期天，我计划给他办一个惊喜的晚会。—听起来很有趣，我
将带些酒来。A.听起来很有趣；B.看情况；C.请稍等；D.欢迎。根据语境，故选 A。
3.【2017·江苏卷】— What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean
—it’s nothing. Just something _______.
A. as clear as day B. off the top of my head
C. under my nose D. beyond my wildest dreams
【答案】B
【解析】考查习惯用语。A. as clear as day 显而易见，容易理解；B. off the top of my head 没有考虑；C.
under my nose 就在我眼皮底下(都没有察觉)；D. beyond my wildest dreams 远远出乎意料，做梦都没有想到。
句意：——你 T 恤上的东西是什么意思？——没什么特别的意思。只是灵光一闪，随便写的。故选 B。
4.【2017·江苏卷】—Going to watch the Women’s Volleyball Match on Wednesday
—_______! Will you go with me
A. You there B. You bet C. You got me D. You know better
【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际用语。A. You there 说你呢(用于引起注意)；B. You bet 的确；当然； C. You got
me
你把我问住了；D. You know better 其实就是 You know better than that 你明知道不该做或你知道的更多。“Will
you go with me ”可知，“我”会去看女子排球，答语应该是肯定的，故选 B。句意：“(你)星期三去看女排
比赛啊？”“当然。你和我一起去吗？”
5.【2017·江苏卷】_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be 动词统一用 were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把 if 省
略，同时把 were/should/had 提前，即 Were /Should/ Had I...，故选 B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是
无法克服她自己的困难的。
6.【2017·天津卷】It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.
A. who B. where C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词 It was 开头，后面连
词首选 that，构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉 It was 和 that，句意完整，所以确定是强调句型。故
选 D。
【2016 年】
1.【2016·江苏】—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
— ______. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so C. I appreciatethat D. I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】考查交际用语。I hope not 我可不希望这样；I think so 我认为如此；I appreciate that 我很感激；
I beg to differ 恕我不能同意。由答语后句 Opposites sometimes do attract.（意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。）
可知两个人的意见并不一致。故 D 项符合语境。
2.【2016·天津】---It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome
---______. There were good things and bad things about them.
A. It’s hard to say B. I didn’t get it
C. You must be kidding D. Couldn’t be better
【答案】A
【解析】句意：—这是一次很棒的旅行。那么，你更喜欢哪个城市，巴黎还是罗马？—很难说。它们
都既有好的也有坏的事情。A.很难说；B.我不明白；C.你一定是在开玩笑吧；D.再好不过了。根据语境，故
选 A。
3.【2016·天津】—I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.
—Sounds great!_____.
A. It all depends B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder
【答案】B
【解析】句意：—我在想回去上学再拿一个学位。—听起来很棒！努力争取吧。A.那就看情况而定了；
B.去争取吧；C.没关系；D.难怪。故选 B。
4.【2016·浙江】 —Are you sure you're ready for the test
—_________. I'm well prepared for it.
A. I'm afraid not B. No problem C. Hard to say D. Not really
【答案】B
【解析】句意：—你确定你准备好考试了吗？—没问题。我已经做好准备了。A.恐怕不；B.没问题；
C.很难说；D.不全是。根据语境，故选 B。
5.【2016·浙江】—The movie starts at 8:30,and we can have a quick bite before we go
— .See you at 8:10
A. So long B. Sounds great C. Good luck D. Have a good time
【答案】B
【解析】句意：—电影在八点半开始，我们走之前可以迅速吃点东西。—听起来很棒。8 点十分见。
A.再见；B.听起来很好；C.祝好运；D.玩得愉快。故选 B。
6.【2016·江苏】Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。当 not until 所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除
AD 项，B 项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村
地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故 C 正确。
7.【2016·天津】You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句，结构是：It is/was+
强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用 who，这句话强调的是地点状语 at the hotel。
故选 D。
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