2023届高考英语二轮复习：动词的时态和语态 课件（31张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语二轮复习：动词的时态和语态 课件（31张ppt) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-01-04 11:05:06 | ||
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(共31张PPT)
动词的时态和语态
一、常见时态及其谓语动词的构成
一般 进行 完成
现在 am/is/are+表 am/is/are + doing have/has + done
do/does 过去 was/were+表 was/were + doing had done
did 将来 will/shall+do will/shall be + doing will/shall have + done
am/is/are going +to do 体
时
用数轴法理解时态
二、动词在不同时态下的变化
study
三单：studies
过去式：studied
过去分词：studied
现在分词：studying
go
三单：goes
过去式：went
过去分词：went
现在分词：going
live
三单：lives
过去式：lived
过去分词：lived
现在分词：living
sit
三单：sits
过去式：sat
过去分词：sat
现在分词：sitting
stop
三单：stops
过去式：stopped
过去分词：stopped
现在分词：stopping
总结：
1. 一般现在时(主语三单)：lives, sits, stops, goes, studies
→一般+s
→以ch, sh, s, o, x 结尾的动词后+es
→以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y→i, 再+es
总结：
2. 一般过去时：lived, stopped, studied, sat, went
规则变化
→一般+ed (以e结尾直接+d)
→元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ed
→以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y→i, 再+ed
不规则变化：sat, went（背不规则动词表第2列）
总结：
3. 过去分词：lived, stopped, studied, sat, gone
规则变化
→一般+ed (以e结尾直接+d)
→元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ed
→以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y→i, 再+ed
不规则变化：sat, gone（背不规则动词表第3列）
总结：
4. 现在分词：studying, going, stopping, sitting, living
规则变化
→一般+ing
→元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ing
→以e结尾的动词, 去掉e再+ing
不规则变化：die, lie, tie 三个把ie→y再+ing
→dying, lying, tying
三、被动语态
1. The cat eats the fish. 猫吃鱼（主动语态）
→The fish is eaten by the cat. 鱼被猫吃（被动语态）
主
谓
宾
宾
谓
主
* 主动语态变被动语态的一般方法
2. The cat ate the fish. 猫吃了鱼（主动语态）
→The fish was eaten by the cat. 鱼被猫吃了（被动）
3. The cat will eat the fish. 猫要吃鱼（主动语态）
→The fish will be eaten by the cat. 鱼要被猫吃（被动）
4. The cat has eaten the fish. 猫已经吃了鱼（主动）
→The fish has been eaten by the cat. 鱼已经被猫吃了（被）
The fish is eaten by the cat. 鱼被猫吃 (一般现在)
The fish was eaten by the cat. 鱼被猫吃了(一般过去)
The fish will be eaten by the cat. 鱼要被猫吃(一般将来)
The fish has been eaten by the cat. 鱼已经被猫吃了(现完)
总结：
被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词
随时态而变化
时态 主动语态 被动语态: be+V.ed (过分)
一般现 do/does am/is/are+done
一般过 did was/were+done
一般将 will do will be+done
am/is/are going to do am/is/are going to be done
现完 have/has done have/has been+done
情态 动词 情态动词+do 情态动词+be+done
被动语态也有各种时态变化,列表如下（以动词do为例）:
Tips：不规则动词表的使用
一般现在时主语非三单
情态动词/助动词+V.(原)
一般过去时
现在/过去完成时
被动语态
Exercise 1
观察句子1.Light travels faster than sound.2.I go home every day by bike.3.I told you to calm down, both of you!4.In fact, we stayed at the same campsite when I was five years old, too.5.The music industry is developing fast now.6.And I’m sure playing in a band will help you make lots of new friends at university.7.I am going to visit the museum soon.8.She still has smooth skin and straight black hair, and jogging has kept her slim and fit.
我的领悟1.句1,2使用了一般现在时,其谓语动词形式是动词第三人称单数形式和动词原形。2.句3,4使用了一般过去时,其谓语动词的构成形式是动词的过去式。3.句5使用了现在进行时,其谓语动词的构成是be doing。 4.句6谓语由will do构成,表单纯的将来的安排;句7中am going to表“打算做某事”。 5.句8使用了现在完成时。
【微练1】用动词的正确形式填空①As you know, it snows (snow) in winter.②Please tell me as soon as Mark calls (call) you.③My mother told me the earth moves (move) around the sun.④The flight takes (take) off at 2:30 pm every Friday.
①The exhibition opened on January 1st and closed (close) on January 31st.②She didn’t go out last night, because she had (have) a headache.③Tom was late, so he opened (open) the door quietly.④He got up, washed (wash) his face, had his breakfast and went to work.
【微练3】用动词的正确形式填空①Hurry up! The bus is coming (come). ②Since it is raining (rain) hard, you may as well stay here until it stops. ③Look! The two boys are standing (stand) there. ④I am leaving (leave) for Shanghai the day after tomorrow.
【微练4】用动词的正确形式填空①This is the first time that I have been invited (invite) to London. ②We have finished (finish) all the work and we’re totally relaxed. ③Nobody has seen (see) him since then. ④I have worked (work) in the big company for years.
【微练5】用动词的正确形式填空①As soon as you come here, I will show (show) you around the city. ②In the future, I will become (become) a designer.
Exercise 2
Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空1.We will put off the picnic till next weekend if it (rain) tomorrow. 答案 rains
2.My father (smoke) for ten years but he gives it up because of his illness. 答案与解析 smoked
3.If you come to visit China, you (experience) a culture of amazing depth and variety. 答案与解析 will experience
4.The meeting (begin) smoothly, but then things started to go wrong. 答案与解析 began
5.He (drink) too much and was unable to remember anything. 答案与解析 drank
6.The other day, he (drive) his car to visit his parents. 答案与解析 drove
7.Look! Some children (play) basketball in the yard. 答案与解析 are playing
8.Great changes (take) place in this city in the past 10 years. 答案与解析 have taken
9.Polly can drive by herself because she (pass) her test. 答案与解析 has passed
Ⅱ.语法填空 Over the past twenty years, American country music 1 (become) more and more popular. Instead of writing about money, success or expensive things to buy, song writers now 2 (write) once more about the things that 3 (be) common for everyone nowadays. In the 1950s, American music 4 (be) about other things, for example, love. Money 5 (consider) to be important, too. Then in the 1960s, song writers 6 (turn) to other subjects. During these years many young students were angry with society, so songs were often full of anger.
has become
are writing
are
was
was considered
turned
Today country music has returned. Once, the home of American country music 7 (be) Nashville, Tennessee. Now, however, the music has reached all parts of the States. Singers do not just come from the States but from all over the world. There 8 (be) many famous singers from Britain, Canada and Australia. The first country singers 9 (sing) while playing the guitar. Now, however, a lot of equipment 10 (need) for large theatres.
was
are
sang
is needed
动词的时态和语态
一、常见时态及其谓语动词的构成
一般 进行 完成
现在 am/is/are+表 am/is/are + doing have/has + done
do/does 过去 was/were+表 was/were + doing had done
did 将来 will/shall+do will/shall be + doing will/shall have + done
am/is/are going +to do 体
时
用数轴法理解时态
二、动词在不同时态下的变化
study
三单：studies
过去式：studied
过去分词：studied
现在分词：studying
go
三单：goes
过去式：went
过去分词：went
现在分词：going
live
三单：lives
过去式：lived
过去分词：lived
现在分词：living
sit
三单：sits
过去式：sat
过去分词：sat
现在分词：sitting
stop
三单：stops
过去式：stopped
过去分词：stopped
现在分词：stopping
总结：
1. 一般现在时(主语三单)：lives, sits, stops, goes, studies
→一般+s
→以ch, sh, s, o, x 结尾的动词后+es
→以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y→i, 再+es
总结：
2. 一般过去时：lived, stopped, studied, sat, went
规则变化
→一般+ed (以e结尾直接+d)
→元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ed
→以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y→i, 再+ed
不规则变化：sat, went（背不规则动词表第2列）
总结：
3. 过去分词：lived, stopped, studied, sat, gone
规则变化
→一般+ed (以e结尾直接+d)
→元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ed
→以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y→i, 再+ed
不规则变化：sat, gone（背不规则动词表第3列）
总结：
4. 现在分词：studying, going, stopping, sitting, living
规则变化
→一般+ing
→元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ing
→以e结尾的动词, 去掉e再+ing
不规则变化：die, lie, tie 三个把ie→y再+ing
→dying, lying, tying
三、被动语态
1. The cat eats the fish. 猫吃鱼（主动语态）
→The fish is eaten by the cat. 鱼被猫吃（被动语态）
主
谓
宾
宾
谓
主
* 主动语态变被动语态的一般方法
2. The cat ate the fish. 猫吃了鱼（主动语态）
→The fish was eaten by the cat. 鱼被猫吃了（被动）
3. The cat will eat the fish. 猫要吃鱼（主动语态）
→The fish will be eaten by the cat. 鱼要被猫吃（被动）
4. The cat has eaten the fish. 猫已经吃了鱼（主动）
→The fish has been eaten by the cat. 鱼已经被猫吃了（被）
The fish is eaten by the cat. 鱼被猫吃 (一般现在)
The fish was eaten by the cat. 鱼被猫吃了(一般过去)
The fish will be eaten by the cat. 鱼要被猫吃(一般将来)
The fish has been eaten by the cat. 鱼已经被猫吃了(现完)
总结：
被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词
随时态而变化
时态 主动语态 被动语态: be+V.ed (过分)
一般现 do/does am/is/are+done
一般过 did was/were+done
一般将 will do will be+done
am/is/are going to do am/is/are going to be done
现完 have/has done have/has been+done
情态 动词 情态动词+do 情态动词+be+done
被动语态也有各种时态变化,列表如下（以动词do为例）:
Tips：不规则动词表的使用
一般现在时主语非三单
情态动词/助动词+V.(原)
一般过去时
现在/过去完成时
被动语态
Exercise 1
观察句子1.Light travels faster than sound.2.I go home every day by bike.3.I told you to calm down, both of you!4.In fact, we stayed at the same campsite when I was five years old, too.5.The music industry is developing fast now.6.And I’m sure playing in a band will help you make lots of new friends at university.7.I am going to visit the museum soon.8.She still has smooth skin and straight black hair, and jogging has kept her slim and fit.
我的领悟1.句1,2使用了一般现在时,其谓语动词形式是动词第三人称单数形式和动词原形。2.句3,4使用了一般过去时,其谓语动词的构成形式是动词的过去式。3.句5使用了现在进行时,其谓语动词的构成是be doing。 4.句6谓语由will do构成,表单纯的将来的安排;句7中am going to表“打算做某事”。 5.句8使用了现在完成时。
【微练1】用动词的正确形式填空①As you know, it snows (snow) in winter.②Please tell me as soon as Mark calls (call) you.③My mother told me the earth moves (move) around the sun.④The flight takes (take) off at 2:30 pm every Friday.
①The exhibition opened on January 1st and closed (close) on January 31st.②She didn’t go out last night, because she had (have) a headache.③Tom was late, so he opened (open) the door quietly.④He got up, washed (wash) his face, had his breakfast and went to work.
【微练3】用动词的正确形式填空①Hurry up! The bus is coming (come). ②Since it is raining (rain) hard, you may as well stay here until it stops. ③Look! The two boys are standing (stand) there. ④I am leaving (leave) for Shanghai the day after tomorrow.
【微练4】用动词的正确形式填空①This is the first time that I have been invited (invite) to London. ②We have finished (finish) all the work and we’re totally relaxed. ③Nobody has seen (see) him since then. ④I have worked (work) in the big company for years.
【微练5】用动词的正确形式填空①As soon as you come here, I will show (show) you around the city. ②In the future, I will become (become) a designer.
Exercise 2
Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空1.We will put off the picnic till next weekend if it (rain) tomorrow. 答案 rains
2.My father (smoke) for ten years but he gives it up because of his illness. 答案与解析 smoked
3.If you come to visit China, you (experience) a culture of amazing depth and variety. 答案与解析 will experience
4.The meeting (begin) smoothly, but then things started to go wrong. 答案与解析 began
5.He (drink) too much and was unable to remember anything. 答案与解析 drank
6.The other day, he (drive) his car to visit his parents. 答案与解析 drove
7.Look! Some children (play) basketball in the yard. 答案与解析 are playing
8.Great changes (take) place in this city in the past 10 years. 答案与解析 have taken
9.Polly can drive by herself because she (pass) her test. 答案与解析 has passed
Ⅱ.语法填空 Over the past twenty years, American country music 1 (become) more and more popular. Instead of writing about money, success or expensive things to buy, song writers now 2 (write) once more about the things that 3 (be) common for everyone nowadays. In the 1950s, American music 4 (be) about other things, for example, love. Money 5 (consider) to be important, too. Then in the 1960s, song writers 6 (turn) to other subjects. During these years many young students were angry with society, so songs were often full of anger.
has become
are writing
are
was
was considered
turned
Today country music has returned. Once, the home of American country music 7 (be) Nashville, Tennessee. Now, however, the music has reached all parts of the States. Singers do not just come from the States but from all over the world. There 8 (be) many famous singers from Britain, Canada and Australia. The first country singers 9 (sing) while playing the guitar. Now, however, a lot of equipment 10 (need) for large theatres.
was
are
sang
is needed