人教版（新课程标准）必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes 知识点课件（27张PPT）
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| 名称 | 人教版（新课程标准）必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes 知识点课件（27张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-01-04 12:21:03 | ||
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(共27张PPT)
Unit 4
Earthqukes
A Night the Earth Didn't Sleep
reading 2 language points
①Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.
v.升起 rise-rose-risen
v.注意到 notice
adj. 发臭的 V. smell
adj. 焦躁的；不安的
n. 老鼠(单数：mouse)
v.寻找 look for
(Line 5)At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
在具体的某天，用介词on
think little of以为…没什么了不起;对…满不在乎;忽视…
adj.睡着的；熟睡的
像往常一样
But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
找出句子的主干，即主语和谓语动词等
主语
谓语动词为
系动词be
表语
蓝色括号部分的句子呢？
是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的“people”。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不够紧密，只起补充说明的作用，它的前后需要用逗号与主句分开。
关系代词
第一段翻译：河北省东北部的农村不断有些怪事发生：三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。农夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。农家大院里的鸡, 甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。鱼缸和池塘里的鱼会往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空没有飞机，在唐山城外也可以听到飞机声。在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
②At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometres away. One-third of the nation felt it.
v.动摇；颤抖shake-shook-shaken
adv.径直地；直接地
分数表达法：子基母序，分子大于一，分母词尾加s；分子和分母中间可以用连字符，也可不用。
三分之一——one third 或 one-third 或 a third
三分之二——two thirds 或 two-thirds
(Line 12)A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people was extreme. Two-thirds of them died or were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.
横穿
in+一段时间：在...(时间段)内
v. lie-lay-lain躺
v.达到reach
adv.严重地
第二段翻译：在凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃起来。世界似乎到了末日！二十世纪最大的一次地震就在唐山市正下方11公里处发生了。200多公里以外的北京市都感到了地震，全国1 / 3的地方都有震感。一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸气。石头山变成了泥沙河，在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。人们遭受的灾难极为深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受伤。成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。死伤的人数达到40多万。
③But how could the survivors believe it was natural Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. All of the city’s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.
adj. 自然的
adv.几乎=almost
travel此处结合语境翻译为：通行
成千上万
cover v.覆盖；遮盖
hundred、thousand等词：
前面有具体数字修饰时，不加s也不加of。
两百人：two hundred people
三千人：three thousand people
当表示泛指(不知道具体数字)时，必须加s和of
几百人：hundreds of people
几千人：thousands of people
Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.
Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
而不是
as+形容词原级+as：和...一样
倒塌
v.持续 adj.最后的；最近的
第三段翻译：幸存的人们又怎么能相信这是自然现象呢？人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。所有的市内医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地，然而它们是不可能被风刮走的。两座大坝垮了，多数桥梁不是塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨如今成了一条条废钢。好几万头牛再也挤不出奶来。50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。井里满是沙子，而不是水。人们惊呆了。接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次和第一次一样的强烈的地震震撼着唐山。有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、电和食物都很难弄到。人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久。
④All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
翻译：并非所有的希望都破灭了。
该句使用了部分否定的句子结构。部分否定是由表示 “ 全 体 ” 意 义 的 代 词 、 副 词 或 形 容 词 all, both, every, everybody, always 等和否定副词 not 连用构成的。
例句：Everyone doesn’t like the story.＝Not everyone likes the story.
非每个人都喜欢这个故事。
如要对上述的 all, both, every, always 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如 no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)．..at all 等。
④All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
send-sent-sent v.派遣；发送
救援人员
数十万
④All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
(Line 33)To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
从...中营救出来
煤矿坑；煤洞
build-built-built v.建造；搭建
第四段翻译：不是所有的希望都破灭了。地震后不久，部队派了15万名战士到唐山来协助救援人员，数十万的人得到了救助。部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。在唐山市的北边，有一个万名矿工的煤矿，其中多数人得救了。援救人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，用火车、卡车和飞机向市内运来了水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。
random check
imagine 想象
right away 立刻;马上
well n. 水井
rise(过去式和过去分词) 升起rise-rose-risen
notice 注意到
crack n./v. 裂痕/裂开
smelly 发臭的
come out of 从...中出来
too...to... 太...而不能
nervous 焦躁的;不安的
look for 寻找
pipe 水管
burst 爆裂
think little of... 不以为然;忽视...
event 事件;事情
asleep 睡着的;熟睡的
as usual 照常
shake(-shook-shaken) 晃动;颤抖
as if 仿佛;好像
at an end 结束
directly 径直地;直接地
cut across 穿过
canal 运河;水道
steam 蒸气
dirt 泥土
lie-lay-lain 躺;说谎
in ruins 破败不堪
suffering 苦难
extreme 极度的
injure 受伤
seriously 严重地;严肃地
reach 达到
natural 自然的
nearly 几乎
brick 砖头
cover 覆盖;掩盖
dam 河堤
track 轨道
useless 无用的
instead of 而不是
as+adj.原级+as 和...一样
rescue worker 救援人员
trap 困住;/陷阱
fall down 倒塌
electricity 电
disaster 灾难
last 持续
army 军队
send 派遣;发送
organize v. 组织
dig out 挖掘;发现
bury 埋葬
rescue from... 从...中营救出来
build-built-built 建造;搭建
shelter 避难所
survivor 幸存者
homework
Unit 4
Earthqukes
A Night the Earth Didn't Sleep
reading 2 language points
①Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.
v.升起 rise-rose-risen
v.注意到 notice
adj. 发臭的 V. smell
adj. 焦躁的；不安的
n. 老鼠(单数：mouse)
v.寻找 look for
(Line 5)At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
在具体的某天，用介词on
think little of以为…没什么了不起;对…满不在乎;忽视…
adj.睡着的；熟睡的
像往常一样
But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
找出句子的主干，即主语和谓语动词等
主语
谓语动词为
系动词be
表语
蓝色括号部分的句子呢？
是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的“people”。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不够紧密，只起补充说明的作用，它的前后需要用逗号与主句分开。
关系代词
第一段翻译：河北省东北部的农村不断有些怪事发生：三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。农夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。农家大院里的鸡, 甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。鱼缸和池塘里的鱼会往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空没有飞机，在唐山城外也可以听到飞机声。在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
②At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometres away. One-third of the nation felt it.
v.动摇；颤抖shake-shook-shaken
adv.径直地；直接地
分数表达法：子基母序，分子大于一，分母词尾加s；分子和分母中间可以用连字符，也可不用。
三分之一——one third 或 one-third 或 a third
三分之二——two thirds 或 two-thirds
(Line 12)A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people was extreme. Two-thirds of them died or were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.
横穿
in+一段时间：在...(时间段)内
v. lie-lay-lain躺
v.达到reach
adv.严重地
第二段翻译：在凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃起来。世界似乎到了末日！二十世纪最大的一次地震就在唐山市正下方11公里处发生了。200多公里以外的北京市都感到了地震，全国1 / 3的地方都有震感。一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸气。石头山变成了泥沙河，在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。人们遭受的灾难极为深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受伤。成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。死伤的人数达到40多万。
③But how could the survivors believe it was natural Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. All of the city’s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.
adj. 自然的
adv.几乎=almost
travel此处结合语境翻译为：通行
成千上万
cover v.覆盖；遮盖
hundred、thousand等词：
前面有具体数字修饰时，不加s也不加of。
两百人：two hundred people
三千人：three thousand people
当表示泛指(不知道具体数字)时，必须加s和of
几百人：hundreds of people
几千人：thousands of people
Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.
Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
而不是
as+形容词原级+as：和...一样
倒塌
v.持续 adj.最后的；最近的
第三段翻译：幸存的人们又怎么能相信这是自然现象呢？人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。所有的市内医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地，然而它们是不可能被风刮走的。两座大坝垮了，多数桥梁不是塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨如今成了一条条废钢。好几万头牛再也挤不出奶来。50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。井里满是沙子，而不是水。人们惊呆了。接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次和第一次一样的强烈的地震震撼着唐山。有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、电和食物都很难弄到。人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久。
④All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
翻译：并非所有的希望都破灭了。
该句使用了部分否定的句子结构。部分否定是由表示 “ 全 体 ” 意 义 的 代 词 、 副 词 或 形 容 词 all, both, every, everybody, always 等和否定副词 not 连用构成的。
例句：Everyone doesn’t like the story.＝Not everyone likes the story.
非每个人都喜欢这个故事。
如要对上述的 all, both, every, always 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如 no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)．..at all 等。
④All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
send-sent-sent v.派遣；发送
救援人员
数十万
④All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
(Line 33)To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
从...中营救出来
煤矿坑；煤洞
build-built-built v.建造；搭建
第四段翻译：不是所有的希望都破灭了。地震后不久，部队派了15万名战士到唐山来协助救援人员，数十万的人得到了救助。部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。在唐山市的北边，有一个万名矿工的煤矿，其中多数人得救了。援救人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，用火车、卡车和飞机向市内运来了水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。
random check
imagine 想象
right away 立刻;马上
well n. 水井
rise(过去式和过去分词) 升起rise-rose-risen
notice 注意到
crack n./v. 裂痕/裂开
smelly 发臭的
come out of 从...中出来
too...to... 太...而不能
nervous 焦躁的;不安的
look for 寻找
pipe 水管
burst 爆裂
think little of... 不以为然;忽视...
event 事件;事情
asleep 睡着的;熟睡的
as usual 照常
shake(-shook-shaken) 晃动;颤抖
as if 仿佛;好像
at an end 结束
directly 径直地;直接地
cut across 穿过
canal 运河;水道
steam 蒸气
dirt 泥土
lie-lay-lain 躺;说谎
in ruins 破败不堪
suffering 苦难
extreme 极度的
injure 受伤
seriously 严重地;严肃地
reach 达到
natural 自然的
nearly 几乎
brick 砖头
cover 覆盖;掩盖
dam 河堤
track 轨道
useless 无用的
instead of 而不是
as+adj.原级+as 和...一样
rescue worker 救援人员
trap 困住;/陷阱
fall down 倒塌
electricity 电
disaster 灾难
last 持续
army 军队
send 派遣;发送
organize v. 组织
dig out 挖掘;发现
bury 埋葬
rescue from... 从...中营救出来
build-built-built 建造;搭建
shelter 避难所
survivor 幸存者
homework