2022届江苏省部分地区高三英语二模试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

2022届江苏省高三英语二模试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022届江苏省南通市等苏北七市高三第二次调研测试英语试题（解析版）
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Get Help Finding a Youth or Student Job
If you’re a student looking for a job, you can get help through these programs—regardless of your background or circumstances.
Youth Job Connection
You get at least 60 hours of paid training to prepare you for the workplace, a job for up to 6 months, job-coaching and help with the transition from school to work, or to ongoing employment once the program ends.
Who is eligible (具备条件的): between 16 and 29 years old; not attending full-time school or training.
Youth Job Connection Summer
You get at least 20 hours of paid training to prepare you for the workplace, summer jobs that last for up to 8 weeks (part-time and after-school jobs are available if they don’t conflict with school), job-coaching and help returning to school after the program ends.
Who is eligible: between 18 and 20 years old; a high school student planning to stay in or return to school, or to move on to postsecondary education.
MARS Studio
You are guided to learn critical skills you need to solve complex 21st century challenges build networks with peers, coaches, and leaders, and pursue your innovative ideas for bold change in society.
Who is eligible: 8-month fellowship for young people aged 18-29.
Starter Company Program
You get guidance business knowledge and funding to start, grow, or buy a small business. To qualify for funding of up to $5,000, you need to be able to contribute at least 25% of the grant amount.
Who is eligible: between 18 and 29 years old; applicants must not be attending school full time.
21. Which program is suitable for a 16-year-old student
A. Youth Job Connection. B. Youth Job Connection Summer.
C. MARS Studio. D. Starter Company Program.
22. What is special about Youth Job Connection Summer
A. It is intended for students only. B. It provides the longest training.
C. It offers business knowledge. D. It helps return to school after the program ends.
23. What do all of these programs offer
A. A well-paid job. B. Paid training. C. Job guidance. D. High salary.
B
When my dad was first diagnosed with cancer and had radiation, I pushed my folks to start eating more fresh produce and preferably organics. My mom really improved her cooking from the roasted slice of pork and frozen-veggies dinners that I had fallen in love with. Dad said he had never eaten so well.
My dad had been an IBM guy, who often said, “People never change,” but he became skilled in overall treatments and began to take well-informed control of his own course of action. I wasn't thinking too much of his changes, but he had survived cancer for over 10 years, constantly learning, running his charity golf events, doing a bit of travel, and always looking pleasant and smiling.
My dad and I decorated a farmhouse in 2012, and I started taking care of the orchard, shaping rows for crops and a herb garden, and learning to care for four red hens. Bringing farm-fresh food to my folks was a way I could contribute to dad's health as well as his enjoyment of life, take a little work off my mom's hands, and sit and chat about something other than cancer.
The idea for this business came from what we learned about the role of food in health. My dad’s doctor told him that eating fresh produce could help resist cancer. Dad helped me set up the farm and worked till just a few days before he passed. But all of what I do here is based on experience, research, and strong values.
We learned more than I ever wanted to know. But the goals of this farm developed as we learned, and here we have it: Produce with a purpose—fresh produce, grown for disease-fighting and preventive health value, delivered with easy but crazy—delicious recipes as well as support, encouragement, overall thinking and even a bit of humor.
24. What was the author's favorite food in the past
A. Organic food. B. Fresh vegetables.
C. Barbecued meat. D. Fast-food meal.
25. What did the author think of his dad
A. He was a stubborn senior. B. He was crazy about adventures.
C. He was indifferent to his disease. D. He was positive about challenges.
26. What inspired the author and his dad to start the farm
A. The pressure of his mother. B. The suggestions of a doctor.
C. The deadly cancer of his dad. D. The great harvest on the farm.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. A farm with a purpose. B. A dream of my family.
C. The cancer of my father. D. The value of fresh produce.
C
Streaming (流媒体) first became popular in 2005, thanks to YouTube. Nowadays nearly three quarters of American households subscribe to at least one video streaming service. With almost 200 million subscribers worldwide and a billion hours of content viewed each week, Netflix is by far the biggest paid service. No. 2 is Amazon Prime Video. But for every Goliath, there are a hundred Davids. Many smaller streaming services show nothing but sports, classic movies, or Japanese anime (动画片).
In the early days of steaming the appeal was the lower cost, and it still is. The average streamer spends $37 a month (and subscribes to three streaming platform, while the average cable (有线电视) user pays more than $200 per month. Still streaming has become more expensive in recent years. In 2019, Netflix raised the price of its basic service 12.5 percent, to $8.99 a month. A quarter of is subscribers, who protested price increases, said they would cancel their subscriptions. Few did.
A major reason: Streaming networks have become home to many of the most popular TV series, including recent Emmy winners. They offer full-length feature films as well, and last year, Netflix received more Oscar nominations (提名) than any other media company. In fact, streaming has changed the Oscar competition, at least for this year. Usually only films shown in theaters are considered, but because of the coronavirus, all movies released online in 2020 are qualified for the 2021 Academy Awards. That shift is especially good news for Disney, which is putting the much anticipated movie Mulan on its new streaming service, Disney+. But watching Mulan from your own home will cost $29.99---on top of the service's monthly fee of $6.99.
Too much streaming can have its disadvantages, however. There are those who binge-watch, a term Merriam-Webster added in 2017 with the definition “to watch many or all episodes of (a TV series) on end." Alejandro Fragoso from New York holds the Guinness World Record: 94 straight hours.
28. What do the underlined words “Goliath" and “David" in Paragraph 1 refer to
A. TV viewers. B. TV programs.
C. Streaming subscribers. D. Streaming services.
29. Why did most Netflix subscribers continue their subscriptions
A. They cannot go without it.
B. They think the low cost is a thing of the past.
C. Netflix has controlled the market.
D. They think it is good value for money.
30. What does the good news in Paragraph 3 mean to Disney
A. The movie Mulan can be released on Disney+.
B. The movie Mulan will generate great profits.
C. The movie Mulan can compete for an Oscar.
D. The movie Mulan will win an Oscar award.
31. What do binge-watchers tend to do
A. They start a new life. B. They watch TV series continuously.
C. They break world records. D. They watch TV series aimlessly
D
In 2016, in an Illinois town called Cahokia, a woman was sent to prison just because she failed to tend her lawn (草坪). In 2019, a Florida man was fined $30,000 by the city of Dunedin for allowing his grass to grow more than 10 inches in height. These examples, while extreme, are not rare occurrence in America.
A study estimated that turf grasses (lawns, parks, athletic fields, etc) cover over 40 million acres in the continental U.S., an area larger than any crop area. And Americans spend as much as $60 billion a year maintaining these grasses. These impressive data are the result of Americans’ setting much store by these pieces of greenery for several centuries.
Centuries ago, only those with considerable wealth could own the resources needed to maintain these displays. In the modern world, lawns have gradually changed from the estates of the wealthy to the front yards of common people. Across America, millions of families now proudly present their grass to their neighbors and drivers by carefully weeding, watering, fertilizing and mowing these small-scale representations of the grounds.
With this context in mind, it’s easy to see well-tended lawns in America. People tend to use lawns to create an impression of order or to indicate a sense of personal success. The relative health and attractiveness of the grass in their yard becomes a barometer (晴雨表) for their life as whole.
However, with so many acres covered by the grass, the influence associated with lawn maintenance is more than just psychological. To begin, a lawn requires massive quantities of resources to sustain. The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that lawns account for about half of homeowner’s water use, much of which is wasted. Additionally, Americans are reported to use 80 million pounds of chemicals on their lawns each year. The process of tending the lawn also contributes to air pollution.
These surprising data mean we need to question whether lawns provide us with enough benefit to justify their widespread existence.
32. Why are the two lawn-related cases mentioned in the first paragraph
A. To explain the effectiveness of American laws
B To show the significance of lawns in American society.
C. To stress Americans’ awareness of environmental protection.
D. To reveal the cost of maintaining lawns in Americans’ daily life.
33. What does the underlined part in the second paragraph mean
A. Making full use of. B. Facing the consequence of.
C. Attaching great importance to. D. Shouldering the responsibility for.
34. Why do Americans have a preference for well-tended lawns
A. Because of the psychological function of lawns.
B. Because of the popularity of lawns in Americans’ life
C. Because of the purpose of placing barometers in lawns.
D. Because of the method of planting healthy and attractive lawns.
35. What can we know about the lawns in the U.S. according to the passage
A. They will be expanded to cover more lands.
B. They are of significant environmental concerns.
C. They will motivate people to be health-conscious.
D. They can promote the development of the chemical industry.
2022届江苏省七市（南通、泰州、扬州、徐州、淮安、连云港、宿迁）高考二模英语考前适应卷 （解析版）
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
From Alton Towers to Legoland, our experts pick their favorite British theme parks, highlighting the best roller coasters, character-led attractions, and animal safaris (狩猎旅行).
Drayton Manor
The Staffordshire theme park includes rides for all ages but stands out for having hit on a winning formula for young families with its expanding Thomas Land section. The 286-acre site is set in woodlands but the main village is enough for little legs to explore, making it well suited to pre-and primary school children.
Paultons Family Theme Park
On the edge of New Forest National Park, in Hampshire, Paultons Family Theme Park sits in 140 acres of attractive parkland. Although overshadowed by Thorpe Park and Alton Towers in terms of big rides, the park is home to Peppa Pig World, as well as 60 rides and attractions, and is best for families with young children.
Chessington World of Adventures
This park in Surrey has injected novelty (新奇) this year with the launch of its exclusive Gruffalo River Ride Adventure, raising its status as a family-friendly destination. The park also provides added family value with the opportunity to get a close-up interaction with animals including monkey walk-throughs and the Zufari safari experience.
Legoland Windsor
If you’re looking for stomach-in-the-mouth roller coasters, Legoland is not for you. This is the entry-level theme park for families with kids below the age of 12, with bucket-loads to keep them happy. Now in its third decade, set in lovely grounds, the theme park still has some of the charm of the original Danish parent park, with plenty of giraffes, crocodiles and pirates made out of Lego bricks spread over the rides.
21. Which of the following is recommended if a family want to interact with animals
A. Drayton Manor
B. Paultons Family Theme Park
C. Chessington World of Adventures
D. Legoland Windsor
22. What do the four theme parks have in common
A. They’re all ideal for children.
B. They all feature thrilling big rides.
C. They’re all renewing recreational facilities.
D. They all cover a vast area of over 200 acres.
23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To promote ecotourism.
B. To value family union.
C. To introduce theme parks.
D. To compare tourist attractions.
B
It was an early blow to my self-confidence. I was attending my first group meeting in the lab as a postdoc, and I was pleased that I could follow most of the discussion. Then, in front of everyone, the professor turned to me and asked about my previous accomplishments. I froze. As a PhD student, I had achieved lots to be proud of. But all of those were in my home country of Brazil. Now I was in Washington, DC and I didn’t know what the word “accomplishment” meant. So all I could say was “I don’t know”.
I had decided to do a postdoc abroad because I thought the training would help me secure a teaching position. I applied for and received a Brazilian government fellowship to spend 18 months working abroad and got a position in a lab. It all seemed so easy—until I actually started.
In a new country, I struggled. After the mortifying lab meeting incident, my confidence took another hit. The paper I intended to publish did not materialize. I used to be invited to give talks. Now, I was asked to speak more slowly because of my accent. My confidence was destroyed.
After months of self-doubt, I reminded myself that I had potential. I needed to do something to regain my confidence. I thought a change of environment might be what I needed. So I made the move.
In another new lab. I still felt insecure. However, I was determined to make the most of the time I had. There were more opportunities to interact with others, which forced me to talk more. It was awful at first, but with practice I began to feel more confident in my English. I proposed new projects. I began to receive positive feedback on my presentations.
My confidence is back. I feel a little like Wonder Woman. She was a strong soldier in her homeland. When she left, she experienced obstacles and failures only to become even stronger than before.
24. What was the author’s reaction when asked about her previous achievements
A. She felt insecure. B. She kept silent.
C. She was at a loss. D. She felt proud.
25. Why did the author go abroad
A. To apply for government fellowship. B. To get a doctor’s degree.
C. To build her own lab. D. To gain experience for a position.
26. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to
A. I didn’t give a proper response in a lab meeting.
B. The paper I intended to publish did not materialize.
C. I was asked to speak more slowly because of my accent.
D. I reminded myself that I had potential.
27. What can be the best title for the text
A. A lab meeting incident B. I found my inside Wonder Woman
C. Brazilians’ confidence improved D. Poor English ruined opportunity
C
Almost everyone has heard the expression, “the calm before the storm”.It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense argument.
British sailors coined the phrase in the late 1600s; they noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become static and the winds would drop.
But why is it often so calm before a storm
Science has given us the answer. According to US infotainment (资讯娱乐) website How Stuff Works, a calm period occurs because many storms, such as tornadoes and hurricanes, draw in all the warm and humid air from the surrounding area. As this air rises into the storm clouds, it cools and acts as “fuel for the storm, like petrol in a car”.
Once the storm has taken all the energy it can from the air, it is pushed out from the top of the storm clouds and falls back down to ground level. As the air descends, it becomes warm and dry. Warm, dry air is stable, so once it covers an area, it causes a calm period before the storm.
This same process also causes the “eye of the storm” in hurricanes and tornadoes. In these conditions the calm occurs in the center of the storm because of the strong rotating winds.
The Weather Network has a tip for working out how far away a storm is.First, count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder. Roughly three seconds equal one kilometer. So, for example, if you count nine seconds, the storm is about 3 kilometers away. A good evaluation is that if your count is below 30 seconds, you should seek shelter straight away.
However, due to the complexity of storm system, not all storms are preceded by calm. Given the right conditions, some storms announce themselves with heavy rain and chilling winds.
So, your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area. That’s the most reliable and sensible way to predict the next display of nature’s temper.
28. The underlined word “static” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. violent B. quiet C. fast-changing D. warm
29. What is the main idea of Paragraphs 4 and 5
A. To explain how a storm comes into being.
B. To support previous research on storm clouds.
C. To explain why a peaceful period occurs before a storm.
D. To show how dangerous a storm can be in certain situations.
30. If there are 15 seconds between a flash of lightning and a thunder clap,how far away is the storm
A. Three kilometers. B. Four kilometers.
C. Five kilometers. D. Six kilometers.
31. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A. Storms have a big influence on life.
B It is not always quiet before a storm.
C. Weather reports may fail to predict a storm.
D. Heavy storms don’t usually last for a long time.
D
“It’s a big hammer to crack a nut.” This is how one angry parent described the recent crackdown (严厉的打击) by London police on parents who drop their kids off at school by car. Yes, you read that correctly—the very way of transportation that many American schools insist is the only safe way to deliver kids to school is now considered illegal in the UK.
The decision to fine any vehicles seen dropping off or picking up kids within a particular zone of east London comes from city councillors’ (议员) long-term efforts to make the area safer and less crowded. They say they’ve been trying for years “to encourage reasonable parking”, but in vain. Neighborhood residents complain frequently about their driveways being blocked by illegally parked cars for 15 minutes or more, often while they’re trying to get to work, and the streets are long overcrowded.
Now the rules have changed. Some parents are angry. Angie is a mother who made the “big hammer” comment and says the crackdown is “way over the top.” The nearest drop-off point for her six-year-old is now a five-minute walk from the school. Others are happy with the decision, serious though it may seem. Councillor Jason Frost said:
“Traffic has significantly reduced, and more children are now walking to school, which is a great result. I would rather have complaints that we are slightly inconveniencing parents than hear that a child had been seriously injured because nothing was done.”
I see daily the disorder created by these in-town drivers, when I walk my own kids to school. There’s a parking lot crowded with vehicles and a slow-moving train of cars moving in circles, many filling the air with harmful smoke. Meanwhile, the conversations around overweight children and the importance of daily physical activities continue to stand out in schools.
32. What can be seen after the crackdown is carried out
A. Less daily disorder. B. Favor from all people.
C. More over-weight children. D. Complaints from neighbors.
33. Why is Angie Baillieul against the new rule
A. She is often fined by London police.
B. She will lose her job as a school driver.
C. She has adapted to the American practice.
D. She thinks it adds inconvenience to her kid.
34. What concerned Jason Frost most
A. Students’ safety. B. Students’ health.
C. People’s complaints. D. Parents’ inconvenience.
35. What’s the passage mainly about
A. Parents attempt to resist a school rule
B. London police cause widespread anger
C. American schools care about kids’ safety
D. Different voices are heard on a new traffic policy
2022届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试英语试题 （解析版）
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
To request Smile Cards, please fill out the form below. A volunteer will mail you an order of ten cards within two weeks. Smile Cards are offered to anyone who requests them on a pay-it-forward basis. That means there is no charge for a set of cards. Someone before you has paid for your cards, and you are invited to keep the chain going and pay-forward whatever you wish for the next person! For special events or circumstances, you can also place a large quantity of request.
Note: When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind, so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the ripples going!
PLACE SMILE CARD ORDER NOW
ABOUT US
KindSpring is a place to practice small acts of "kindness. For over a decade the KindSpring user community has focused on inner transformation, while collectively changing the world with generosity, gratitude, and trust. The site is 100% volunteer-run and totally non-commercial. It is a shared labor of love.
21. When can you use a smile card
A. Your friend's birthday is approaching.
B. Your classmate has won the first prize.
C. You've ordered lunch for a poor friend.
D. You find your classmate in low spirits.
22. To order smile cards, you have to____________.
A. pay for them in advance
B. place a big quantity of request
C. mail some necessary information
D. tell what favor you will do for others
23. The purpose of using smile cards is to encourage people to________________.
A. spread kindness
B. become volunteers
C. advertise for K indSpring
D. pay others' kindness back
B
Nowadays mail delivery is a little different. I still get my mail from my mailbox. Nothing, but my neighbors’ mail. I thought that was curious.
I proceeded to take my neighbors’ mail to them. I was about to put the mail in their mailbox when a tall man came running out shouting about messing with his friend's mail. He snatched (夺过) the mail from my hand, opened the mailbox and pointed to the mail inside.“You were after this.
I shook my head, “No, believe me. I got this mail by mistake in my box today. I was just bringing it to them.” He gave me a funny look and went back into his house.
I got the knock on the door the next morning by two very polite officers. The annoyed tall man had phoned the police and told them I was a crazy old woman going around mixing up everyone's mail. Before I could finish telling them about what was going on, the officers had watched a dog approach my mailbox with mail in his mouth. He took out the mail that was in my box and put letters in. He pushed the door closed with his nose, picked up the new pile of mail he had gotten from my box, and repeated this all the way down the next street. We all started laughing.
The dog had belonged to a mail carrier who had died. No one thought to check (the carrier lived alone) on the man’s dog. The dog had been trained to put mail in and take mail out of the boxes. When he got loose, he assumed his duties.
I went by to talk to the annoyed tall man to fill him in on what had happened. He was very pleased when he realized I was not a mail thief. He did, however, adopt the little guy.
24. Why did the tall man give the author a funny look
A. To show his disbelief. B. To express his curiosity.
C. To contain his annoyance. D. To hide his embarrassment.
25. How did the police officers discover the truth
A. By analyzing the case. B. By witnessing the mix-up.
C. By questioning the author. D. By consulting the tall man.
26. According to the story, the dog
A. was well-trained and devoted B. used to live a lonely and busy life
C. was assigned to replace the carrier D. guarded the mail in the neighborhood
27. What’s the best title for the story
A. A mail service B. A dog’s tale
C. Special delivery D. Noble duties
C
I remember when Kamala Harris became Joe Biden's running mate. It seemed funny how many people pronounced her name incorrectly. On one occasion, a news host became upset when being corrected, and purposely called her Kumbaya.
I am no stranger to this issue as many of my students are from Asian and Middle Eastern countries, and sometimes their names are difficult for me to pronounce, even after asking them how to say it. Many students seem unwilling to correct me when I attempt to learn their names correctly. The other thing I’ve seen in growing numbers is students “adopting” an English name.
It's much more common than many think, for people to change their names in order to fit in.
This is especially the case when it comes to seeking jobs. Racial and cultural minorities often attempt to avoid discrimination hiring by hiding racial cues on the resume including changing their name. This is referred to as “resume whitening”. Research shows almost 50 percent of black and Asian job applicants did so.
Xian Zhao from the University of Toronto researches ethnic (种族的) name pronunciation, saying that many people don’t understand that habitually pronouncing an unfamiliar name inaccurately is a form of indirect discrimination. It sends a message that “you are the minorities” says Zhao. “You are not important in this environment, so why should I take time and my effort to learn it ”On the other end, those with ethnic names frequently don’t correct people, even when their name is pronounced wrong repeatedly, feeling it is better just to keep the peace and not stand out for being difficult.
It is important to try to pronounce everyone’s name as they pronounce it. This communicates respect of them as a person and their culture. There is nothing wrong with asking someone to repeat their name so that you can learn to pronounce it properly. This is usually appreciated.
28. When their names are incorrectly pronounced, the author’s Asian students
A. attempt to laugh at it B. tend to accept it
C. offer to correct the author D. agree to change their names
29. Which of the following can be seen as “resume whitening”
A. An application for a better job.
B. A change in work environment.
C. A ban on racial discrimination in workplace.
D A practice of using Western names in job seeking.
30. In his research, Xian Zhao finds that
A. ethnics accept their names being mispronounced to save trouble
B. ethnics fight effectively with the discrimination against their names
C. many westerners pronounce ethnic names incorrectly on purpose
D. many westerners make efforts to pronounce ethnic names correctly
31. What’s the author’s attitude toward pronouncing ethnic names correctly
A. Critical. B. Uncaring. C. Reserved. D. Supportive.
D
For generations, depression has been seen as an illness, disorder or even weakness. Such an idea makes sense because depression causes suffering and even death. But what if we’ve got it all wrong
The common wisdom is that depression starts in the mind with abnormal thinking. That leads to symptoms like headaches, stomachaches, or tiredness. Now, models like the Polyvagal Theory suggest that we've got it backward. It's the body that detects danger and initiates a defense strategy meant to help us survive. That biological strategy is called immobilization, and it demonstrates in the mind and the body with a set of symptoms we call depression.
When we think of depression as unnecessary suffering, we are telling people with depression that they are not part of the group, they are not right and they don' t belong. That robs them of hope. But when we begin to understand that depression, at least initially, happens for a good reason we lift the shame. Instead, people with depression are courageous survivors, not damaged sick people.
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is constantly scanning our internal and external environment for signs of danger. If our ANS detects a threat or even a simple lack of safety, its next strategy is the fight or flight response, which we often feel as anxiety. Sometimes the threat is so bad or goes on for so long, that the nervous system decides there is no way to fight or to flee. At that point, there is only one option left: immobilization.
The immobilization response is the original biological defense in higher animals. It dulls pain and makes us feel disconnected. Think of some reptiles (爬行动物), which shut down their bodies to avoid cold temperatures and the lack of food and water. In humans, people often describe feeling “out of their bodies" during extremely unpleasant events, which has a defensive effect of reducing the emotional shock. This is important because some things are so terrible, we don't want people to be fully present when they happen. What incredible capacity of our biology to find a way in hard times!
32. Why does the author mention the Polyvagal Theory
A. To offer a standard for identifying depression.
B. To raise people's awareness of mental problems.
C. To make sense of how depression affects people.
D. To correct a commonly held idea about depression.
33. What can we infer from paragraph 3
A. Depression can bring people in crisis hope.
B. People may feel it wrong to have depression.
C. Depression is an unnecessary human emotion.
D. People often feel proud of fighting depression.
34. What is “immobilization” in the text
A. Building up anxiety. B. Rising to challenges.
C. Shutting down action. D. Pulling through a crisis.
35. In which order does our body react to an extremely unpleasant situation
①seek to work out solutions
②become aware of a threat
③experience emotional shock
④start defensive disconnection
A. ②③④① B. ④②①③ C. ②①③④ D. ④①②③
2022届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试英语适应卷（解析版）
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Get Help Finding a Youth or Student Job
If you’re a student looking for a job, you can get help through these programs—regardless of your background or circumstances.
Youth Job Connection
You get at least 60 hours of paid training to prepare you for the workplace, a job for up to 6 months, job-coaching and help with the transition from school to work, or to ongoing employment once the program ends.
Who is eligible (具备条件的): between 16 and 29 years old; not attending full-time school or training.
Youth Job Connection Summer
You get at least 20 hours of paid training to prepare you for the workplace, summer jobs that last for up to 8 weeks (part-time and after-school jobs are available if they don’t conflict with school), job-coaching and help returning to school after the program ends.
Who is eligible: between 18 and 20 years old; a high school student planning to stay in or return to school, or to move on to postsecondary education.
MARS Studio
You are guided to learn critical skills you need to solve complex 21st century challenges build networks with peers, coaches, and leaders, and pursue your innovative ideas for bold change in society.
Who is eligible: 8-month fellowship for young people aged 18-29.
Starter Company Program
You get guidance business knowledge and funding to start, grow, or buy a small business. To qualify for funding of up to $5,000, you need to be able to contribute at least 25% of the grant amount.
Who is eligible: between 18 and 29 years old; applicants must not be attending school full time.
21. Which program is suitable for a 16-year-old student
A. Youth Job Connection. B. Youth Job Connection Summer.
C. MARS Studio. D. Starter Company Program.
22. What is special about Youth Job Connection Summer
A. It is intended for students only. B. It provides the longest training.
C. It offers business knowledge. D. It helps return to school after the program ends.
23. What do all of these programs offer
A. A well-paid job. B. Paid training. C. Job guidance. D. High salary.
B
When my dad was first diagnosed with cancer and had radiation, I pushed my folks to start eating more fresh produce and preferably organics. My mom really improved her cooking from the roasted slice of pork and frozen-veggies dinners that I had fallen in love with. Dad said he had never eaten so well.
My dad had been an IBM guy, who often said, “People never change,” but he became skilled in overall treatments and began to take well-informed control of his own course of action. I wasn't thinking too much of his changes, but he had survived cancer for over 10 years, constantly learning, running his charity golf events, doing a bit of travel, and always looking pleasant and smiling.
My dad and I decorated a farmhouse in 2012, and I started taking care of the orchard, shaping rows for crops and a herb garden, and learning to care for four red hens. Bringing farm-fresh food to my folks was a way I could contribute to dad's health as well as his enjoyment of life, take a little work off my mom's hands, and sit and chat about something other than cancer.
The idea for this business came from what we learned about the role of food in health. My dad’s doctor told him that eating fresh produce could help resist cancer. Dad helped me set up the farm and worked till just a few days before he passed. But all of what I do here is based on experience, research, and strong values.
We learned more than I ever wanted to know. But the goals of this farm developed as we learned, and here we have it: Produce with a purpose—fresh produce, grown for disease-fighting and preventive health value, delivered with easy but crazy—delicious recipes as well as support, encouragement, overall thinking and even a bit of humor.
24. What was the author's favorite food in the past
A. Organic food. B. Fresh vegetables.
C. Barbecued meat. D. Fast-food meal.
25. What did the author think of his dad
A. He was a stubborn senior. B. He was crazy about adventures.
C. He was indifferent to his disease. D. He was positive about challenges.
26. What inspired the author and his dad to start the farm
A. The pressure of his mother. B. The suggestions of a doctor.
C. The deadly cancer of his dad. D. The great harvest on the farm.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. A farm with a purpose. B. A dream of my family.
C. The cancer of my father. D. The value of fresh produce.
C
Streaming (流媒体) first became popular in 2005, thanks to YouTube. Nowadays nearly three quarters of American households subscribe to at least one video streaming service. With almost 200 million subscribers worldwide and a billion hours of content viewed each week, Netflix is by far the biggest paid service. No. 2 is Amazon Prime Video. But for every Goliath, there are a hundred Davids. Many smaller streaming services show nothing but sports, classic movies, or Japanese anime (动画片).
In the early days of steaming the appeal was the lower cost, and it still is. The average streamer spends $37 a month (and subscribes to three streaming platform, while the average cable (有线电视) user pays more than $200 per month. Still streaming has become more expensive in recent years. In 2019, Netflix raised the price of its basic service 12.5 percent, to $8.99 a month. A quarter of is subscribers, who protested price increases, said they would cancel their subscriptions. Few did.
A major reason: Streaming networks have become home to many of the most popular TV series, including recent Emmy winners. They offer full-length feature films as well, and last year, Netflix received more Oscar nominations (提名) than any other media company. In fact, streaming has changed the Oscar competition, at least for this year. Usually only films shown in theaters are considered, but because of the coronavirus, all movies released online in 2020 are qualified for the 2021 Academy Awards. That shift is especially good news for Disney, which is putting the much anticipated movie Mulan on its new streaming service, Disney+. But watching Mulan from your own home will cost $29.99---on top of the service's monthly fee of $6.99.
Too much streaming can have its disadvantages, however. There are those who binge-watch, a term Merriam-Webster added in 2017 with the definition “to watch many or all episodes of (a TV series) on end." Alejandro Fragoso from New York holds the Guinness World Record: 94 straight hours.
28. What do the underlined words “Goliath" and “David" in Paragraph 1 refer to
A. TV viewers. B. TV programs.
C. Streaming subscribers. D. Streaming services.
29. Why did most Netflix subscribers continue their subscriptions
A. They cannot go without it.
B. They think the low cost is a thing of the past.
C. Netflix has controlled the market.
D. They think it is good value for money.
30. What does the good news in Paragraph 3 mean to Disney
A. The movie Mulan can be released on Disney+.
B. The movie Mulan will generate great profits.
C. The movie Mulan can compete for an Oscar.
D. The movie Mulan will win an Oscar award.
31. What do binge-watchers tend to do
A. They start a new life. B. They watch TV series continuously.
C. They break world records. D. They watch TV series aimlessly
D
In 2016, in an Illinois town called Cahokia, a woman was sent to prison just because she failed to tend her lawn (草坪). In 2019, a Florida man was fined $30,000 by the city of Dunedin for allowing his grass to grow more than 10 inches in height. These examples, while extreme, are not rare occurrence in America.
A study estimated that turf grasses (lawns, parks, athletic fields, etc) cover over 40 million acres in the continental U.S., an area larger than any crop area. And Americans spend as much as $60 billion a year maintaining these grasses. These impressive data are the result of Americans’ setting much store by these pieces of greenery for several centuries.
Centuries ago, only those with considerable wealth could own the resources needed to maintain these displays. In the modern world, lawns have gradually changed from the estates of the wealthy to the front yards of common people. Across America, millions of families now proudly present their grass to their neighbors and drivers by carefully weeding, watering, fertilizing and mowing these small-scale representations of the grounds.
With this context in mind, it’s easy to see well-tended lawns in America. People tend to use lawns to create an impression of order or to indicate a sense of personal success. The relative health and attractiveness of the grass in their yard becomes a barometer (晴雨表) for their life as whole.
However, with so many acres covered by the grass, the influence associated with lawn maintenance is more than just psychological. To begin, a lawn requires massive quantities of resources to sustain. The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that lawns account for about half of homeowner’s water use, much of which is wasted. Additionally, Americans are reported to use 80 million pounds of chemicals on their lawns each year. The process of tending the lawn also contributes to air pollution.
These surprising data mean we need to question whether lawns provide us with enough benefit to justify their widespread existence.
32. Why are the two lawn-related cases mentioned in the first paragraph
A. To explain the effectiveness of American laws
B To show the significance of lawns in American society.
C. To stress Americans’ awareness of environmental protection.
D. To reveal the cost of maintaining lawns in Americans’ daily life.
33. What does the underlined part in the second paragraph mean
A. Making full use of. B. Facing the consequence of.
C. Attaching great importance to. D. Shouldering the responsibility for.
34. Why do Americans have a preference for well-tended lawns
A. Because of the psychological function of lawns.
B. Because of the popularity of lawns in Americans’ life
C. Because of the purpose of placing barometers in lawns.
D. Because of the method of planting healthy and attractive lawns.
35. What can we know about the lawns in the U.S. according to the passage
A. They will be expanded to cover more lands.
B. They are of significant environmental concerns.
C. They will motivate people to be health-conscious.
D. They can promote the development of the chemical industry.
2022届江苏省连云港市高三第二次调研考试英语试卷（解析版）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Do you like reading What would you like to read Here are four recommendations from trusted critics.
A Greenglass House Story Kate Milford, illustrated by Nicole Wong Twelve guests, trapped at the Blue Vein Tavern by rising floodwaters, tell stories to pass the time. With tales that cross over between storytelling and reality, what starts as a series of unrelated tales weaves(编织）together into something smart and tight.A puzzle book that adults may enjoy just as much as its intended child audience. (For ages 4 to 8)
Someone Builds the Dream Lisa Wheeler, illustrated by Loren Long Someone Builds the Dream is a celebration of the cooperative spirit and a proof to what we can achieve if we work together.And after having the curtain pulled back like this, children (and probably many grown-ups) will look at the world around them with fresh eyes. (For ages 5 to 8)
The Boy and the Sea Camille Andros, illustrated by Amy Bates Following a young boy over a lifetime,Camille Andros' story flows back with a comforting rhythm while Amy Bates' timeless artwork washes over you. As the boy grows older, he returns regularly to the sea looking for answers but discovers something more valuable: visual angle. (For ages 4 to 8)
Magic Candies Heena Baek, translated by Sophie Bowman When Tong Tong purchases a bag of strange, round candies, he discovers that each one allows him to hear the hidden speech of someone, or something. Honestly, who wouldn't want to hear what the leaves have to say You'll also be sure to treat your chair with greater kindness after a single read.(For ages 4 to 8)
21. What do the books by Kate Milford and Lisa Wheeler have in common
A. They are both puzzle books.
B. They may attract adult readers.
C. They both focus on cooperation.
D. They are for children aged 4 to 8.
22. Which book best suits children who are curious about others' secrets
A. A Greenglass House Story.
B. Someone Builds the Dream.
C. Magic Candies.
D. The Boy and the Sea.
23. Where can the text be found
A. In a history book.
B. In a travel brochure.
C. In a science fiction.
D. In a literature magazine.
B
Riding a horse at a high speed on grassland covered with snow while dressed in a red cloak (披风) and a white fur hat isn't something people would normally see a Chinese government official do. So it's not surprising that He Jiaolong, a female official from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, almost instantly became an online celebrity after she posted such a video.
She came up with the idea to make the video when she was thinking about new ways to let more people know about the famous horse breed (品种) of Zhaosu County, Ili, known as “heavenly horses”.
“I never expected the video to be such a hit. At first, I really didn't like to be called an online celebrity, because l never wanted to be one. But now I'm gradually getting used to using my influence to boost local development, she said.
Besides posting short videos, she has also been promoting local agricultural products and tourist resources via livestreaming (直播). With more followers, she can now help to sell local products worth more than 2 million yuan during a livestream while sales were only about 5,000 yuan each time when she first started to livestream on social media.
While she continues to draw the public's attention to Ili, she also has to keep dealing with the stress brought by criticism, especially often being questioned if being a social media celebrity may affect her work as an official. She said that she had even thought of giving up appearing on social media several times.
“I am, above all, a government official. I will never let what I do on social media affect my job,” she said. “I want to see the locals appreciate my efforts in serving them, which is my duty. I hope people can feel the warmth and positive energy of Xinjiang officials via my videos. I am simply one of them.”
24. Why did He Jiaolong first make her videos
A. To introduce her job.
B. To gain personal fame.
C. To promote a horse breed.
D. To advertise the local scenery.
25. What can we learn from He Jiaolong's words in Paragraph 3
A. She enjoys being called an online celebrity.
B. She is proud of her skills of making short videos.
C. The video's success makes a difference to her life.
D. The video's success damages her image as an official.
26. What changes has He Jiaolong's livestreaming brought to Ili
A. Sales of local products have been increased.
B. Lives of local residents have been disturbed.
C. More local officials join her in livestreaming.
D. More followers make videos of the local scenery.
27. How does He Jiaolong react to people's criticism
A. She decides to quit appearing online.
B She apologizes to the local government.
C. She consults experts on dealing with the stress.
D. She continues serving people through her efforts.
C
Could a daily walk be even better for our health than we thought Several new studies show that walking not only burns fat, but also boosts longevity (长寿)and has a dramatic anti-ageing effect on the body.
In the latest of these findings due to be published in the journal Communications Biology in the next few weeks, Thomas Yates, a professor at the University of Leicester, showed that walkers who adopt a quick pace can have a biological age 15 years younger than those who take their time. Yates and his team looked at the length of telomeres (端粒)of chromosomes(染色体)in 405,981 middle-aged adults in the UK. As we grow older, our telomeres shorten, which results in accelerated cell ageing. “If we can keep them long for as long as possible, it acts as a buffer against ageing,” says Yates.
Their findings follow a review and analysis of 15 studies on walking involving almost 50,000 people that was published this week. Amanda Paluch at the University of Massachusetts Amhers confirmed that daily walking improves health and longevity, but more daily steps are better only up to a point. For adults under 60, Paluch showed a daily total of 8,000-10,000 steps was best for reducing risk of early death, while 6,000-8,000 steps was enough for the over-60s.
Walking has also recently been shown to strengthen the blood flow to the brain. In one of the largest studies, researchers revealed that 20 minutes of quick walking most days from middle age onwards will lower the risk of dementia (痴呆). Professor Edward Zamrini says, “The idea that you can reduce your risk for Alzheimer's disease by simply increasing your activity is very promising.”
Even in people with some existing age-related memory damage, walking can work wonders, as a year-long study in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease showed. “Walking is by far the best medicine we have for a healthy life,”says Yates.
28. What did Thomas Yates' study find about fast walking
A. It causes a damaging effect on the body.
B. It slows down the process of cell ageing.
C. It increases the number of chromosomes.
D. It shortens middle-aged adults' telomeres.
29. What does the underlined word “buffer” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Something shortening telomeres.
B. Something speeding up cell ageing.
C. Something counting the walking pace.
D. Something helping protect from harm.
30. What did Amanda Paluch consider when doing research
A. Body shape. B. Age group.
C. Occupation type. D. Sample size.
31. What is the best title for the text
A. How daily walking helps burn fat
B. Why walking is the best midlife exercise
C. How many daily steps are better for adults
D. Whether walking reduces the risk of dementia
D
In the forest, trees often give each other space to reach for the sky,a habit that humans can learn from when it comes to setting personal boundaries.
Next time you go for a walk in a forest or woodland take a moment to look above you. You might find that the crown(树冠）resembles a breathtaking umbrella with channel-like gaps between the tops of the trees. This phenomenon has been documented worldwide since the 1920s, and is called “crown shyness”. It happens when trees appear to give each other space.
Even when trees grow close together, they show a mutual (相互的）respect and offer benefits. This is true in the case of “married” trees -where a tree intertwines（缠绕）with one resistant to disease, it shares the advantages of its friend. Maintaining healthy boundaries help trees to maintain good health, manage resources and protect the forest as a whole.
When humans fail to respect boundaries, the emotional and physical resources of individuals,and the community can be affected. In this sense, a boundary is a conceptual border. It helps to establish where you end and other people begin. It means taking responsibility for only your own emotions and actions, not other people’s. You could think of your boundaries as a moat (护城河）around your castle, complete with a drawbridge that can be lowered or raised. As the gatekeeper of your castle, you decide who and what comes in and when.
Of course, marking out boundaries takes time, and some people might be unhappy about any changes you make. Establishing a clear line between you and the rest of the world, however, is essential for building the self-worth and self-care needed to function at your best in relationships.
32. What is “crown shyness”
A. A crown with channel-like gaps.
B. A forest with umbrella-shaped crowns.
C. A behavior that trees give each other space.
D. A phenomenon that trees compete for space.
33. How does the author develop Paragraph 3
A. By telling a story.
B. By giving an example.
C. By defining a concept.
D. By making a comparison.
34. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The effects of ignoring boundaries.
B. The meaning of taking responsibilities.
C. The importance of setting personal boundaries.
D. The methods of managing individual resources.
35. What is the author’s attitude to marking out a boundary
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant.
C. Doubtful. D. Conservative.
答案：
2022届江苏省南通市等苏北七市高三第二次调研测试英语试题（解析版）
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以My favourite Books为题，介绍了作家Catherine Chung最喜欢的书籍。
【1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章标题“My favourite Books—Posted by Catherine Chung.a great writer(我最喜欢的书由——Chung发布。一个伟大的作家)”可知，本文是以作家Catherine Chung为第一视角的记叙文，介绍她喜欢的书，由此可推知文中的第一人称I，指的是Catherine Chung，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro段落内容“Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician at a time when women were not allowed in most of Europe to attend university. She married a man who promised to take her to Germany to study. She made major contributions to the field and became the first woman in Russia to obtain a doctorate in mathematics.(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家，当时欧洲大部分国家都不允许女性上大学。她嫁给了一个答应带她去德国学习的人。她在这一领域做出了重大贡献，成为俄罗斯第一位获得数学博士学位的女性。)”可知，Too Much Happiness 这本书是关于俄罗斯女数学家的先驱科瓦列夫斯卡娅的，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang段落内容中的“This collection contains several maths stories.(这本合集里有几个数学故事。)”；The Housekeeper and the Professor by Yoko Ogawa段落内容中的“It's about a woman who comes to work for a once-great mathematician.(故事讲的是一个女人为一位曾经伟大的数学家工作。)”；Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro段落内容中的“Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家)”以及The Ore Miner's Wife by Karl Iagnemma段落内容中的“It is about a miner who thinks he's discovered the proof to the problem: construct a square,equal in area to a given circle. (它是关于一个矿工的，他认为自己发现了问题的证明:构造一个正方形，面积等于一个给定的圆。)”可知，列出的书籍具有的共同点是它们都包括数学。故选B。
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了纳拉扬斯瓦米从57岁开始学习飞行的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The next day Narayanswami, who was 57at the time, arranged to meet an instructor. I said “Aren’t I too old ”He said “We've got students in their 80s.”（第二天，当时57岁的纳拉扬斯瓦米安排见了一位教练。我说“我不会太老了吗？”他说“我们有80多岁的学生。”）”可知，纳拉扬斯瓦米本来还是有些担心自己年龄太大了，听到教练的话，是比较令人鼓舞的，故选择D项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“My mother made a promise.As long as you are getting an education we will not look for a husband for you.（我母亲答应了只要你接受教育，我们就不会为你找丈夫。）”及第三段中“Narayanswami studied biology at Leicester University, then did a PhD at St Andrew, followed by postdoctoral research at the University of California（纳拉扬斯瓦米在莱斯特大学学习生物学，然后在圣安得烈大学获得博士学位，随后在加利福尼亚大学进行博士后研究。）”可知，此处that的指代的是上文中提到的接受教育能帮助她摆脱包办婚姻，故选择B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Even now, at 66,she says: “I haven't been able to figure out how to deal with it. It doesn’t go away.”The racist bullying she received as a child has cast a very long shadow.（即使到了现在，66岁的她说：“我还不知道如何应对，这种感觉挥之不去。”她小时候受到的种族主义欺凌给她留下了很深阴影。）”可知，纳拉扬斯瓦米认为美国宇航局的拒绝是出于对她的偏见，故选择A项，
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“And it offers a different perspective. “I can see eagles, bears, mountain lions, birds of prey. I love the beauty of the clouds. They are like hills. Vaster than our hills,” she says.（它提供了一个不同视角。她说：“我能看到鹰、熊、山狮、猛禽。我喜欢云朵的美丽。它们像山一样。比我们的山还要广阔。”）”可知，飞行给她带来了生活的另一种维度，故选择B项。
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过倡议孩子手写书信形式，强调了手写的重要性，随着科技的发展，手写同样是不会过时，而是与时俱进，与科技共存。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The initiative sees children and their elderly pen pals(笔友)exchange updates about their lives,helping to build relationships between generations while also giving the children an understanding of the value of writing letters by hand—an activity that's becoming less and less common.”(这项倡议看到了孩子们和他们的老笔友交流关于他们生活的最新信息，帮助建立代际关系，同时也让孩子们了解手写信件的价值——这种活动越来越不常见了。)以及第二段“All of our writing is for a purpose. That's the key in getting children to value handwriting.”（我们所有的写作都是有目的的。这是让孩子们重视书法的关键。）可知学校发起这项倡议是为了帮助孩子们发现手写的含义。故选A项。
【9题详解】
段落大意题。根据第三段“The school maintains a focus on handwriting throughout the years,from dedicated handwriting classes in the prep school to a calligraphy club offered to the older groups. It has created something called the pen license. It allows younger children to move from using a pencil to pen once they've reached a certain standard.”（学校多年来一直专注于书法，从预备学校专门的书法课程到为老年群体提供的书法俱乐部。它创造了一种叫做钢笔许可的东西。 它允许年幼的孩子在达到一定标准后，从使用铅笔转向使用钢笔。）可知，第三段主要说明了这所学校在书法上的实践。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The dominance of technology is a challenge, she admits, but she also believes both tools have their place." Obviously we're competing with technology continuously. (她承认，技术的主导地位是一个挑战，但她也认为这两种工具都有自己的位置。“显然，我们在不断与技术竞争)”可推知，手写将与技术共存。故选C项。
【11题详解】
标题判断题。根据文章大意，可知文章开篇引出了让孩子们手写信件的话题，然后讲述了手写的意义和重要性，最后论述了它会和科技竞争共存。可以推断，Putting pen to paper contributes to a love of the written word（在纸上书写有助于对文字的热爱）符合题意。故选D项。
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项针对老年痴呆症的重大研究表明，中年时每晚经常睡6小时或更少的人比那些每天睡7小时的人更容易患痴呆症。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究人员对此的看法和建议。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchers found a 30% greater risk of dementia in those who during their 50s, 60s and 70s consistently had a short night's sleep, regardless of other risk factors such as heart condition and poor mental health.(研究人员发现，无论是否存在心脏病和心理健康状况不佳等其他风险因素，那些在五六十岁和七十岁时夜间睡眠持续不足的人患痴呆症的风险要高出30%)”可知，这篇文章关注的是痴呆的风险因素是睡眠不足。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sabia, an author of the study at the university of Paris and her colleagues analyzed survey data from University College London's Whitehall study, which launched in 1985 and followed the health and lifestyles of more than 10,000 British volunteers. (巴黎大学研究报告的作者之一Sabia和她的同事分析了伦敦大学学院白厅研究的调查数据。该研究于1985年启动，跟踪调查了1万多名英国志愿者的健康和生活方式)”可知，法国科学家通过分析以前的调查数据得到研究结果。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The study does not prove that sleeping too little causes dementia, since sleep loss itself may be one of the earliest symptoms of the disease. But some scientists believe the results strengthen evidence that continuous poor sleep may at least contribute to the disease.(这项研究并没有证明睡眠太少会导致痴呆，因为睡眠不足本身可能是这种疾病的早期症状之一。但一些科学家认为，该研究结果进一步证明，持续睡眠不佳至少可能导致这种疾病)”可推知，科学家们用谨慎的语气谈论这项研究。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““It strengthens the evidence that poor sleep in middle age could cause or worsen dementia in later life,” said Dr Liz Coulthard, a consultant senior lecturer in dementia neurology. “It makes sense to take measures to improve sleep such as going outside during daylight hours to help maintain the natural rhythms that promote good sleep, avoiding too much alcohol or caffeine, particularly before bed, and finding a bedtime routine that works for you.”(老年痴呆症神经学高级顾问讲师Liz Coulthard博士说：“这进一步证明了中年睡眠不佳可能导致或恶化老年痴呆症。采取措施改善睡眠是有道理的，比如白天外出以保持促进良好睡眠的自然节奏，避免过多的酒精或咖啡因，尤其是在睡前，找到适合自己的就寝时间。”)”可推知，最后一段的目的是提供建议。故选C。
2022届江苏省七市（南通、泰州、扬州、徐州、淮安、连云港、宿迁）高考二模英语考前适应卷 （解析版）
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个英国的主题公园以及它们各自的特色。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chessington World of Adventures部分关键句“The park also provides added family value with the opportunity to get a close-up interaction with animals.”（该公园还提供了附加的家庭价值，有机会与动物进行近距离互动。）可知，在Chessington World of Adventures，有机会与动物进行近距离互动。由此可知，如果一个家庭想要与动物互动，推荐的是Chessington World of Adventures。故选C项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。本题需要找出这四个主题公园有什么共同点。根据Drayton Manor部分关键句“making it well suited to pre-and primary school children”（使它非常适合学龄前和小学儿童）可知，Drayton Manor是适合孩子们的公园。根据Paultons Family Theme Park部分关键句“and is best for families with young children”（最适合有小孩的家庭）可知，Paultons Family Theme Park也是适合孩子们的公园。根据Chessington World of Adventures部分关键句“The park also provides added family value with the opportunity to get a close-up interaction with animals”（该公园还提供了附加的家庭价值，有机会与动物进行近距离互动）可知，在Chessington World of Adventures可以与动物互动，也是适合孩子们的公园。根据Legoland Windsor部分关键句“This is the entry-level theme park for families with kids below the age of 12”（这是一个入门级的主题公园，面向有12岁以下儿童的家庭）可知，Legoland Windsor也是适合孩子们的公园。由此可推断出，四个主题公园的共同点在于它们都是孩子们的理想选择。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容及第一段关键句“From Alton Towers to Legoland, our experts pick their favorite British theme parks”（从Alton Towers到Legoland，我们的专家们挑选出他们最喜欢的英国主题公园）可知，本文主要介绍了四个英国的主题公园以及它们各自的特色。由此可推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍主题公园。故选C项。
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外的经历，这些经历和磨难让作者变得更加坚强和自信。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。结合上文以及根据第一段 “ Now I was in Washington, DC and I didn’t know what the word “accomplishment” meant. So all I could say was “I don’t know”.(现在我在华盛顿，我不知道“accomplishment(成就)”这个词是什么意思)”可知，作者在巴西取得了很多值得骄傲的成就，但是现在她在华盛顿，被问到以前的成就时，她不知道“accomplishment(成就)”这个词的意思，可见她是不知所措的。因此，当被问及她以前的成就时，作者的反应是C项“She was at a loss.(她不知所措)”符合题意，故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“I had decided to do a postdoc abroad because I thought the training would help me secure a teaching position.(我决定去国外做一名博士后，因为我认为这种培训会帮助我获得一个教学职位。)”可知，作者决定去国外做一名博士后，认为这种培训很有价值，能够让她获得经验，帮助她获得一个教学职位。因此，作者出国的原因是D项“To gain experience for a position.(为一个职位获得经验)”符合题意，故选D项。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“I was attending my first group meeting in the lab as a postdoc, and I was pleased that I could follow most of the discussion. Then, in front of everyone, the professor turned to me and asked about my previous accomplishments. I froze. (我作为博士后参加了我在实验室的第一次小组会议，我很高兴能跟上大部分讨论。然后，在大家面前，教授转向我，问我以前的成就。我愣住了)”可知，作者作为博士后参加了实验室的第一次小组会议，问她以前的成就，她愣住了，没有给出合适的回答。这件事让她的自信心受到了打击。因此，第1段中带下划线的“it”是指的是A项“I didn’t give a proper response in a lab meeting.(我在实验室会议上没有给出正确的回答)”符合题意，故选A项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“My confidence is back. I feel a little like Wonder Woman.(我的信心恢复了。我觉得有点像神奇女侠)”可知，经过一番打击以后，作者并没有灰心，而是果断采取行动，积极与她人互动，经过不断的练习，她的自信心恢复了，那些经历和磨难让作者变得更加坚强和自信，感觉自己像一个神奇的女侠。因此，文本的最佳标题是B项“I found my inside Wonder Woman(我找到了我内心的神奇女侠)”符合题意，故选B项。
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章对“暴风雨前的宁静”这一情况做出了科学的解释，说明了一种计算暴风雨距离的窍门，并且提到实时更新天气预报才是预测天气最可靠的方法。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense argument.(它通常用来描述在一个非常紧张的情况或争论之前的一段平静的时期)”，以及划线词后的“the winds would drop. But why is it often so calm before a storm (风力会减弱。但是为什么暴风雨前总是那么平静呢 )”可知，在某些暴风雨来临之前，海水是静止的。由此可知划线词意为“静止的”，故选B。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Science has given us the answer. According to US infotainment (资讯娱乐) website How Stuff Works, a calm period occurs because many storms, such as tornadoes and hurricanes, draw in all the warm and humid air from the surrounding area. As this air rises into the storm clouds, it cools and acts as “fuel for the storm, like petrol in a car”.(科学已经给了我们答案。据美国娱乐资讯网站How Stuff Works称，由于龙卷风和飓风等风暴会将周围地区温暖潮湿的空气吸走，所以会出现一段平静期。当这些空气上升到风暴云中，它就会冷却并起到“风暴的燃料，就像汽车里的汽油”的作用。)”和第五段“Once the storm has taken all the energy it can from the air, it is pushed out from the top of the storm clouds and falls back down to ground level. As the air descends, it becomes warm and dry. Warm, dry air is stable, so once it covers an area, it causes a calm period before the storm.(一旦风暴从空气中吸收了它所能吸收的所有能量，它就会从风暴云的顶部被推出来，并回落到地面水平。随着空气下降，空气变得温暖干燥。温暖干