2022届山东省部分市高三英语二模试题分类汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

2022届山东省部分市高三英语二模试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022届山东省济南市高三4月高考模拟（二模）英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
For thousands of years， buildings have been used to show off power and wealth, to honor leaders or religions, and to stretch the limits of architecture.Since the 19th century,high- rise buildings have sprung up all over the world, showing the modern architecture wonders.
The Empire State Building
The Empire State Building, a 102-story building, was completed in New York in 1931 and was the tallest in the world until 1971.While the Empire State Building was built to be an office building, it still draws millions of tourists each year for overlooking New York.It is currently admired for its green architecture initiatives, in an effort to be a more energy-efficient and eco-friendly green building.
The Jin Mao Building
Completed in 1999 and standing 420.6 meters high，the Jin Mao Building is China's tallest high rise building.Located in Pudong District of Shanghai, the Jin Mao Tower is the 8th super tall 88- floor building, which represents the belief in Chinese culture that the number 8 brings fortune.With both modern and traditional characteristics, the Jin Mao Building is a symbol and landmark of Shanghai and a must-sce for any tourist wishing for a taste of modern Shanghai.
Taipei 101
With a height of 508 meters, Taipei 101 or formerly known as the Taipei World Financial Center became the world's tallest building when it was completed in 2003. Designed by C.Y.Lee &.Partners, the multi-use steel and- glass high rise was intended to prevent typhoons and earthquakes.Taipei 101 has developed into the outstanding landmark of the area, and the ideal shopping and relaxing place for locals.
1 What is the Empire State Building recently recognized for
A. Its multi-functions.
B. Its numerous visitors.
C. Its wealth and power.
D. Its going- green ideas.
2. What do Taipei 101 and the Jin Mao Building have in common
A. They are landmark buildings.
B. They feature traditional cultures.
C. They were built in the 20th century.
D. They were designed for natural disasters.
3. What is the purpose of this text
A. To promote green buildings.
B. To recommend tourist attractions.
C. To introduce famous tall buildings.
D. To advertise the high- rise buildings.
B
Collette Divitto, 31, was born with Down's Syndrome (唐氏综合症) but she is far from disabled. This woman channeled her passion for baking into a cookie business with a global mission to change the world, one, cookie at a time.
Based in Boston, Massachusetts, her company was founded in 2016. Although she didn’t plan on being a business owner, she really created jobs for disabled people with all types of abilities. She said that she opened the bakery after receiving numerous job interview rejections, often being told she was not “a good fit” for the company. “It was sad and it was hard,” she said. “To me, it felt like they didn’t like me at all because of who I am. No one would hire me, so I decided to open my own business.”
The path to success wasn’t easy. Divitto’s mother Rosemary Alfredo didn’t raise her daughter to think of herself as different from her classmates. But this changed when Divitto was in the fourth grade and she was bullied by a boy in her class who started calling her “Down Syndrome”. Her mother had to have a conversation with her about what it meant and from then on, Divitto worked hard to be fully accepted at school.
Divitto is not resting on her laurels (荣誉). A big part of her company’s mission is to help people with disabilities find jobs. She is also the author of two children’s books and she was featured on the documentary Born for Business, about pioneers with disabilities. Divitto also runs a nonprofit organization, Collettey’s Leadership Org.
Her first priority is to let people start seeing abilities in the physically disadvantaged and to employ the 82 percent of the people with disabilities who are capable of working but cannot find jobs. With her drive and vision, Divitto is sure to be a success.
4 What drove Divitto to Start her own business
A. The desire to help others.
B. The failure to find a job.
C. The prospect of bakery.
D. The passion for baking.
5. What can we learn about Divitto from Paragraph 4
A. She attempts to be a pioneer.
B. She aims to assist the disabled.
C. She wants to enlarge her business.
D. She plans to direct a documentary.
6. What concerns Divitto most about the disabled
A. Equal human rights.
B. Their working conditions.
C. Chances of self-development.
D. Recognition of their abilities.
7. Which of the following can best describe Divitto
A. Independent and strict.
B. Ambitious and humorous.
C. Determined and responsible.
D Outgoing and knowledgeable.
C
Without sharp reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, climate change threatens future Winter Olympic Games because their locations would be too warm to host the events, a new study has found.
If the world’s high emissions continue their trend, by the 2080s all but one of the 21 cities that previously hosted the Winter Games - Sapporo, Japan - would not be able to do so again. Among them, 6 cities would be considered “marginal” while 14 would even be seen “unreliable”— meaning the right conditions for snow and athlete safety cannot be met.
But that won’t necessarily happen if the world takes urgent action and follows the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, according to Daniel Scott, the lead researcher for the University of Waterloo’s report. Under that deal, nearly 200 countries agreed to greatly cut their collective greenhouse emissions.
Athletes and coaches surveyed by the researchers said they re already seeing the effect climate change has on their sports. “Some of the coaches that did the survey have been coaches in the sport for 30 years,” Scott said. “They’ve traveled the world, back to the same competitions, and they’ve seen that certain competitions don’t happen, as regularly or uninterruptedly as they used to because of warmer temperatures.”
The Summer Olympics are also feeling the effects of climate change. Tokyo’s Olympic and Paralympic Games are likely one of—if not—the hottest and most humid Games on record. Daily temperatures reached 80F high with high humidity (湿度) that could make it feel like 100°F.
But winter sports seem more strongly influenced by the impact of a warmer world. During the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, skiers were overheating in the same way a marathon runner would at nearly 90F weather. Due to the great impact, the study makes us worry that outdoor games may have to move indoors or be held at a different time of year altogether in order to accommodate higher temperatures.
8. What does the underlined word “marginal” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Almost unqualified.
B. Pretty satisfactory.
C. Rather unpopular.
D. Quite suitable.
9. Why are Tokyo’s Olympics mentioned in Paragraph 5
A. To show the spirit of the Olympics.
B. To stress the impact of climate change.
C. To reveal the cause of warmer climate.
D. To compare summer and winter Olympics
10. What is the author’s attitude to the finding of the study
A. Conservative.
B. Tolerant.
C. Optimistic.
D. Concerned.
11. What does the text mainly talk about
A. Global climate changes.
B. Greenhouse gas emissions.
C. The Winter Olympics crisis.
D. The future Olympic Games.
D
Have you ever been seized with a kind of warm and unclear feeling when you start an old-fashioned game Or maybe when you think back to celebrating the holidays as a kid, something magical just seems to be missing now. That’s nostalgia.
In the early 20th century, nostalgia was considered a mental condition similar to depression. Anyone separated from their native place for a long time was easy to suffer nostalgia. But over the next few decades, the meaning of nostalgia has expanded from indicating homesickness to a general longing for the past. And rather than an awful disease, it turns out to be seen as a bittersweet experience.
From several former studies, researchers of the University of Southampton supposed nostalgia might protect people from being in bad mood, even when they think about upsetting thing — like death. To test it out, they conducted an experiment, where 75 people wrote about their own deaths, and then did a word completion task, in which they were asked to complete different words based on a six-letter word starting with C-O-F-F. The people who thought about dying but didn’t get nostalgic answered with many death- related words, such as “coffin”，while the nostalgic people gave more answers unrelated to death like “coffee”, almost as if they d, never thought about death in the first place.
The researchers think that Could mean nostalgia despite being a complex emotional state that can include feelings of loss and sadness, doesn’t generally put people in a negative mood. Instead, by allowing individuals to remember personally meaningful and rewarding experiences, nostalgia can boost psychological well- being. These studies are pretty limited, though, and there’s still a lot we don’t know about nostalgia.
Still, these studies support that nostalgia has a purpose; If people are feeling down, it might cheer them up. But there are also some less helpful side effects. For example, advertisers have discovered how powerful nostalgia is as a marketing technique, for nostalgia in ads can make people part with cash more easily. So, it is not all sugar cookies.
12. What is Paragraph 2 intended to explain
A. The depression caused by long term nostalgia.
B. The mental conditions of people away from home.
C. The understandings of nostalgia in different periods.
D. The relationship between homesickness and nostalgia.
13. How did the researchers prove the result of the former studies
A. By performing a test. B. By introducing a concept.
C. By doing an investigation. D. By conducting an interview.
14. What can we infer about nostalgia from Paragraph 4
A. It needs to be further studied. B. It helps to remove bad feelings.
C. It benefits people’s physical health. D. It makes people feel life is complex.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Reasons for Feeling Nostalgia B. The Commercial Values of Nostalgia
C. Nostalgia: A Method for a Better Mood D. Nostalgia: A Bitter and Pleasant Experience
2022届山东省滨州市高三下学期二模考试英语试题
第一节 （共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Plan Ahead for Recreation & Entertainment in D. C.
April 29—-May 1 Georgetown French Market
The Wisconsin Avenue turns into a little bit of Paris each spring with the Georgetown French Market. Locally owned galleries, antique stores and other shops in the neighborhood set up stalls outside on widened sidewalks for bargain shoppers, while musicians and stilt（高跷）walkers provide the entertainment. You can grab lunch from an outdoor grill and discounted French wine from Patisserie Poupon. 10 a. m. to 5 p. m. Friday and Saturday. georgetownfrenchmarketdc. com. Free.
May 1 Literary Hill BookFest
The Literary Hill BookFest is back after going virtual for the past two years, bringing together nearly 40 writers, poets and bookworms at Eastern Market. Drop by for author talks, and discussions, a children's corner :with story time, and stalls from booksellers, then add a verse to the community-penned poem. 1l a. m. to 3 p. m literaryhillbookfest. org. Free.
May 14-28 'Carmen'
Isabel Leonard's career highlights include winning multiple Grammys and appearing on such stages as the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden, the Sydney Opera House and the Vienna State Opera. She'll mark a first at the Kennedy Center when she makes her debut in the role of Carmen during the Washington National Opera's production of Georges Bizet's masterpiece, a tragic and fiery love story. kennedy-center. org. $45—$299.
June 24 Savor: An American Craft Beer Experience
For more than a decade, Savor has been one of D. C.'s most reputed beer festivals. In 2019, organizers announced a major change: The 2020 festival would trade the historic National Building Museum for the much grander setting of the Anthem. After two years of cancellations, it's finally happening. The larger space translates to a 30 percent increase in attendees, The evening includes meet-and-greet events at beer bars around D. C. 7 to 10 p. m. . $25—$144.
1. What can visitors do in the Georgetown French Market
A. Set up stalls in the sidewalks. B. Experience stilt walk.
C. Cook over an outdoor grill. D. Buy discounted French wine.
2. Which event is especially attractive to music lovers
A. Georgetown French Market. B. Literary Hill BookFest.
C. 'Carmen'. D. Savor: An American Craft Beer Experience.
3. What do "Literary Hill BookFest" and "Savor: An American Craft Beer Experience" have in common
A. Both are free of charge. B. Both will be held in the evening.
C. Both went through a 2 years' change. D. Both will see an increase in attendees.
B
In 2016, inspired by a challenge called the"16 for 16", where a mother gave her daughter $1, 600 when she turned 16 if 'she stayed off social media, Lorna Klefsaas decided to up the ante（赌注）to two extra years and $200 more for. her son, Sivert Klefsaas.
As a 12-year-old; Sivert wasn't using social media much. The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat—which he deleted a day after trying it out. So it wasn't too difficult to live without social media, and he didn't think about it much during the six years. "I wouldn't say there was ever a time when I thought I was about to break, "he said. "As it went on, it was more of a pride thing. "
Lorna never had to check for any secretly downloaded apps. "I got to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there. I had my friends to keep me up to date on the latest information or trends. "Sivert said. "It meant I had more time to focus on my grades and sports instead. "
On February 19, 2022, Sivert claimed his prize. Now $1, 800 richer, Sivert hasn't thought about what to buy, but it'll likely be something for his dorm room at the University of St. Paul, which he'll attend in the fall.
After Sivert's success, Lorna turned to Facebook to share the challenge. She said it was some of the best money she ever spent. Other parents seemed interested in trying it out too. "We are certainly not against social media, but it's the healthy using of it, "
Lorna noted. "It's about not letting yourself get weighed down by it, or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post. "
Now Sivert has a new perspective on staying off social media. "It was awesome. Ah, what about 6 more years Thank you, Mom. "
4. Why did Lorna bet her son
A. To challenge. B. To persuade. C. To punish. D. To imitate.
5. How did Sivert respond to the bet
A. He almost became broken down.
B. He jumped at the idea and stuck to it.
C. He tried out his new app continuously.
D. He just downloaded an app, Snapchat.
6. How did Sivert get through the six years without social media
A. By being supervised by his mother.
B. By watching dramas in the theater.
C. By aiming at his academic standards.
D. By dreaming of his prize with eagerness.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage
A. A successful 18-for-18 bet. B. A social media campaign.
C. Sivert, a boy who won the bet. D. Lorna, a mother who awarded her son.
C
It's a cold night, and strong winds are blowing atop a hill in southwest Uganda. The wind rattles the giant metal insect trap. A 400-watt bulb is fixed at its center. The light is blinding to human eyes, but it's a magnet for local bush crickets.
Protein dense and full of iron, zinc, and other essential minerals, bush crickets, and edible insects in general, have been praised by the UNFAO as a "food source of the future", key to establishing food security. That's important in countries such as Uganda, where nearly half of the children and a third of women suffer greatly from poor nutrition due to food shortage.
The visitors, as they're called locally, come together to mate and feed in huge swarms after each rainy season in the autumn and spring, when hundreds of people across the country set aside their day jobs to catch them. Salted and fried, the crickets are a delicacy in Uganda, sold for two dollars a bag at open-air markets, taxi parks, and roadsides. Now what once was a small-scale and personal harvest in Uganda has become an increasingly commercialized undertaking, with giant traps taking tons of the insects at a time to meet the growing demand. "You see how you enjoy a movie with popcorn Me, it's a movie with crickets, "says one fan.
However, this month, it should be the middle of the autumn harvest in Uganda. Legend has it that the insects come from the moon, and tonight it's full. Yet "we've got nothing, " says a cricket catcher and wholesaler. "Where are they "
Decreasing catches suggest the problem is not just overharvesting. Logging to clear land for cash crops has destroyed much bush cricket habitat. And climate change is making the rainy seasons unpredictable, affecting the crickets' swarming patterns. With so many problems accumulating, there is still a long way to go. Thus, scientists have to start from scratch.
8. What does paragraph 1 present to us
A. A scene. B. A view. C. A plot. D. A lifestyle.
9. Why are bush crickets considered so important in countries such as Uganda
A. Because they are rich in essential minerals.
B. Because they can cure many different diseases.
C. Because they're considered a symbol in local culture.
D. Because they can relieve hunger and ensure nutrition.
10. What does the underlined word "visitors" refer to in the third paragraph
A. Tourists. B. Crickets. C. Local people. D. Cricket catchers.
1l. Why do scientists have to start from scratch
A. Because the weather is unpredictable.
B. Because it's a tricky problem to deal with.
C. Because it's too late to save the bush crickets.
D. Because people's awareness should be raised.
D
The story of the most sustainable pair of jeans is also the story of a family whose members have dedicated their lives to denim（牛仔布）innovation. It is the great-great-grandson of the family business founder who has brought Candiani and the whole fashion industry to new heights by creating the first fully biodegradable（可生物降解的）stretch denim.
Alberto Candiani, the current owner of Candiani, created the first fully biodegradable jeans using a plant-based yarn（纱线）obtained from natural rubber. Once the innovative denim came to life, a brand-new pair of jeans was put to the test by being buried in forest land for six months. At the end of that period, Candiani's team discovered the fibers had almost fully broken down. The new technology is called Coreva. "These garments are extremely durable, but at the end of their life, you could send them back to us and we recycle them, or you could fertilize your vegetables with them, "Alberto Candiani said.
Jeans generate an environmental impact that has become a real global challenge. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, it takes around 2000 gallons of water to make a typical pair of jeans. And during production, around 71 pounds of carbon dioxide are released. What's more, most jeans are manufactured with stretch denim made with plastic, which can take hundreds of years to degrade.
But by creating a circular model in which fabrics are biodegradable at the end of their lifecycle, tons of garments can be prevented from ending up in landfills. Candiani has not only achieved this by going plastic-free, but the manufacturer has also reduced water use by 75 percent and the use of chemicals by 65 percent. Although Candiani creates a product that is about double the price of traditional denim due to the higher labor and more manufacturing costs involved, business is booming. Not only has the company tripled its production, but its motto of "the greenest mill in the blue world" is credible.
12. What is highlighted about Candiani in paragraph 1
A. It is dedicated to clothing innovation.
B. It has the most sustainable pair of jeans.
C. It enters a new phase by creating greener fabrics.
D. Its founder's taken the fashion industry to a new level.
13. What do we know about the innovative denim
A. It can be reused to nourish plants.
B. It is made of recycled materials.
C. It uses Coreva to make it extremely durable.
D. It can last for six months under the forest land.
14. What's the function of paragraph 3 in the passage
A. To explain the possible reasons for global warming.
B. To show the bad effects of jeans on the environment.
C. To raise people's awareness of environmental protection.
D. To emphasize the value of the new denim by contrast.
15. Which of the following can best describe Candiani's innovation
A. Doing a hard but thankless job.
B. Killing two birds with one stone.
C. Putting the cart before the horse.
D. Solving the problem once and for all.
2022届山东省肥城市高考适应性训练英语试题（二）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Most Breathtaking Theaters in the World
Shakespeare’s Globe Theater (London, UK)
The original Globe Theater was built by Shakespeare’s company in 1599, but was destroyed by fire in 1613. A replica was built in 1997 just meters from the original site. The new 857-seat structure has several modern features. It has the first and only straw roof permitted in London since the great fire of 1666.
Shakespeare’s Globe, 21 New Globe Walk, Bankside, London; +44 20 7902 1400
Margravial Opera House (Bayreuth, Germany)
Built in 1745, the UNESCO-listed Margravial Opera House is regarded as the finest baroque theater in Europe. The stage has a depth of 27 meters and was the largest in Europe until 1871. Much of the original materials remain, along with original structures, such as the twin staircases.
Margravial Opera House, Opernstrasse 14. Bayreuth, Germany: +49 9 21 7 59 69 22
Teatro Amazonas (Manaus, Brazil)
There can’t be many theaters located in the middle of the Amazon rainforest, and the Teatro Amazonas is certainly the most breathtaking. The theater was built in 1895 and was designed by Italian architect Celestial Sacardim. Work took 15 years, largely thanks to the decision to source supplies from all over the world.
Amazon Theater, Centro, Manaus, Brazil; +55 92 3622 1880
National Center for the Performing Arts (Beijing, China)
National Center for the Performing Arts(NCPA), built in 2007, is an arts centre in Beijing. Designed by French architect Paul Andreu, the NCPA is the largest theatre complex in Asia. The NCPA includes value in both ancient traditional Chinese architecture and modern architecture. It was specially designed to improve the red walls of ancient buildings and the Great Hall of the People in order to fit in with the surroundings.
NCPA, No.2 West Chang’an Avenue, Xicheng District, Beijing; +86 010 6655 0989
1. Where does the theatre with its longest survival time lie
In London. B. In Bayreuth. C. In Manaus. D. In Beijing.
2. Which of the following was designed by an Italian architect
A. Shakespeare’s Globe. B. Margravial Opera House.
C. Teatro Amazonas. D. National Center for the Performing Arts.
3. How is National Centre for the Performing Arts special
A. It features modern architecture. B. It receives worldwide supplies.
C. It is a multifunctional theatre. D. It matches its surroundings.
B
An American teacher who helped make college education accessible to low-income, immigrant, first-generation American, and refugee (难民) pupils has won the $1 million Global Teacher Prize. Keishia Thorpe, an English teacher in Maryland, was selected from more than 8,000 teachers in 121 countries.
Ms. Thorpe teaches English to 12th-graders at the International High School Langley Park, where 95 percent of pupils are from low-income families. She redesigned their courses for the English department to make it culturally relevant to her pupils who are from mostly Africa, the Middle East, the Caribbean, and South America. Since then, her English language learners have shown a 40 percent increase in their reading.
Ms. Thorpe spent a lot of time encouraging her pupils to apply for college and helped them with their applications and accessing fully-funded scholarships. She helped her senior pupils in 2018–2019 win more than $6.7 million in scholarships to 11 colleges, with most of them not having to pay for their education.
She plans to use the prize money to give less well-off pupils an opportunity of receiving a third level education. “Every person deserves the right to education and I want to be that person who champions that for them. I plan to use the money to help students worldwide access higher education,” she said. “Students are the reason I’m here, so I plan to use that to promote them and create a better future for them.”
Organized by UNESCO and first awarded in 2015, the Global Teacher Prize is an annual award to a teacher who has made a vast difference to the profession. The winner of this year was announced at a virtual ceremony in Paris on November 10th, 2021.
How do Thorpe’s redesigned courses influence her students
A. Students have spent more time reading.
B. Students are more aware of their culture.
C. More low-income students attend school.
D. More students apply for college education.
5. What can be learned about the Global Teacher Prize
A. It devotes much to college education.
B. It favors low-income immigrant teachers.
C. It targets teachers with huge contributions.
D. It encourages reforms in English teaching.
6. Which of the following words best describes Thorpe
A. Selfless and strict. B. Caring and devoted.
C. Frank and considerate. D. Talented and humorous.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. A Good Teacher Ensures a Bright Future
B. Teacher Prize Helps Realize Students’ Dream
C. Immigrant Teacher Shares Her Moving Story
D. High School Teacher Wins a $1 Million Prize
C
When did you last write a letter Properly write one—by hand In a digital world, where sending a text or email is far more convenient, is the writing on the wall for traditional pen and paper Well, some people claim that writing still has many benefits, so maybe it’s not time to ditch your ballpoint or fountain pen yet.
These days, when people request things in writing, a typed, electronic document will be accepted. Doing this on a computer means it could be saved, edited, duplicated and sent via email. But crafting a handwritten document is unique: It requires planning and thought, and, as well as practising your handwriting, it helps you to remember spelling and punctuation.
Some experts believe your brain benefits from using old-fashioned pen and paper. This is particularly relevant for students, where typing notes into a laptop is thought to lack the tactile (触觉的) feedback to the brain that contact between pen and paper does. Hetty Roessingh from the University of Calgary says that “taking notes by hand involves cognitive engagement in summarizing, paraphrasing, organizing, concept and vocabulary mapping.” Others agree that handwriting may boost fine motor skills in your hands and fingers.
There are everyday benefits to using pen and paper too. Scribbling notes, shopping lists or messages on the back of an envelope can still be useful, quick and portable. But putting pen to paper in a letter to a friend or loved one can probably have the most impact. Pen pal writer Katherine Moller told the BBC: “In a world where it is so easy to hop online to email or to send a fast text, it is so personal and so precious to know someone chose to turn off the virtual world to spend some time with you.”
So, while digital skills remain important, don’t write off your pens and pencils yet— especially if your smartphone, tablet or laptop runs out of power!
8. What does the underlined word “ditch” mean in the first paragraph
A. Pick up. B. Get rid of.
C. Put back. D. Take advantage of.
9. How does the author develop paragraph 2
A. By raising questions. B. By presenting figures.
C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons.
10. What is the advantage of writing by hand according to Hetty Roessingh
A. It helps you to practise your handwriting.
B. It boosts motor skills in hands and fingers.
C. It strengthens the contact between humans.
D. It develops your comprehensive cognitive abilities.
11. What can be drawn from Katherine Moller’s words
A. Handwriting helps make friends easily.
B. Digital skills remain important nowadays.
C. Writing a letter adds a personal touch to communication.
D. Online communication has become a must in our daily life.
D
According to the Keep Sweden Tidy Foundation, over a billion cigarette ends are left on Sweden’s streets every year which account for about 62 percent of all litter. Teaching humans not to throw cigarette ends on the street has so far proven impossible, but a Swedish startup claims it can teach crows (乌鸦) to pick up after us and save local communities millions of krone in cleaning fees every year. Corvid Cleaning teaches wild crows to do our dirty work through a step-by-step learning process, which involves rewarding the birds with food for every cigarette end they collect.
Basically, the birds are first trained to associate cigarette ends with food, and then a food dispenser (分配器) that only drops food when the bird arrives is introduced. Then, by taking the food rewards away, trainers encourage investigation, so that the crows start pecking on the machine eventually hitting a button that causes the food to drop. This opens the way to the fourth step, where the birds discover that the reward drops only when they put cigarette ends in an assigned container.
It sounds complicated, but crows are among the smartest birds on Earth, and such training programs have proven successful several times in recent years. In fact, Corvid Cleaning is so confident it can pull it off that it has expressed interest in testing it massively, in the town of S dert lje.
The novel approach to litter cleaning has gotten positive feedback online, but there are those who consider the ethical (伦理的) implications of this project. The very fact that we can train crows to pick up cigarette ends, but we can’t get humans not to throw them away is hard to accept. Plus, there are the health implications of constantly exposing the birds to the toxins in cigarette ends, and the risk of making them reliant on the food dispensers.
12. What does Corvid Cleaning teach crows to do
A. Attain food as a reward. B. Clear streets of cigarette ends.
C. Help the community with dirty work. D. Reduce the local cleaning costs.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. How crows identify the food rewards. B. Why the food dispenser is introduced.
C. How the litter-cleaning method works. D. How trainers provide food for crows.
14. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3
A. Corvid Cleaning. B. The training.
C. The approach. D. The step.
15. What can we infer about the approach to litter cleaning
A. It has enjoyed great popularity in practice. B. It may stimulate more people to smoke.
C. It cares much about the health of crows. D. All people don’t approve of the way.
2022届山东省菏泽市高三二模考试英语试题
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You probably know that you can check out a book from Widener and book a study room in Cabot, but do you know our libraries offer so much more
Which library is right for you
●Cabot Science Library
A 24-hour space for student cooperation and study， with studios for media production and support for science and engineering research and education. You can also have snack while you study.
● Widener Library
Harvard Library's flagship location, Widener Library offers inspiring study spaces, miles of bookshelves to explore, and friendly librarians ready to help
● Lamont Library
A 24-hour creative space with a wide range of services supporting the humanities and social sciences.
● Countway Library
Cultivating and advancing education, research, scholarship, and professional growth in the health and biomedical sciences.
How to make HOLLIS understand what you need
HOLLIS is the Library catalog. It searches most library resources in a single unified search, including books, articles, media and more.
●Make your search more specific:
Add a search term: instead of Barack Obama, try Obama healthcare.
Select a filter(过滤器) like, Show Only>Peer Reviewed Articles or Resource Type> Images, to limit your results.
●Know what you're searching
HOLLIS usually searches item descriptions， also known as the item's metadata, like author, title, date, abstract, and subject heading.
HOLLIS is not searching an item's full text.
Meet an expert in your field
You're not supposed to do your research alone. Librarians are your thought partners, available to work with you at any point in your research process. From developing a research topic, choosing sources, and sharing your research - we're here for you.
1. Which library is suitable for making a short video
A. Widener Library B. Cabot Science Library
C. Lamont Library. D. Countway Library
2. How can we find specific information in HOLLIS
A. By removing a search term. B. By inputting a full text.
C. By choosing a filter. D. By searching book shelves
3. What's the purpose of the passage
A. To introduce the library guide.
B. To get help from librarians
C. To advertise library books.
D. To book a study room.
B
Marissa Sumathipala, a student at Broad Run High School outside of Washington, D.C, was practicing with her recreational figure-skating team when she crashed with another skater. Her head hit against the ice heavily. Everything went black
Up to that point, Sumathipala’s entire life had centred around her sport -her daily schedule, exercise routine, even her diet. She had hopes of making the 2018 Olympic team. The fall on the ice would change everything, including her direction.
Sumathipala had a brain injury and it ended her skating career. Symptoms lasted for years. Her memory felt unclear at times. She’d find herself dizzy, sick, or exhausted. Sumathipala consulted doctors, so many that she “lost count.”But no one had answers.
Sumathipala began to realize that there was so much unknown about the brain. She set out to find the answers herself, a path that would eventually bring her to Harvard University, where she'd concentrate in the human brain. Throughout her four years, Sumathipala homed in on brain science. She worked with the McCarroll Lab at Harvard Medical School, helping develop a new method for sequencing synapses (神经突序列) in the brain, which are crucial for memory and learning. Even as an undergraduate, her colleagues were so struck by how mature her thinking already was about science that she quickly became a trusted and valued member of the lab.
Also, Sumathipala competed with the Harvard Figure Skating Club all four years. She helped increase its membership and introduced new skaters to the sport she still loves. “I spent a long time struggling with my identity," she said. “Growing up I was just a skater and then, when I got injured I had to rebuild my identity. Then I was a scientist. Now, I identify as being both a skater and a scientist.”
Reflecting on her years at Harvard, Sumathipala said one of the things she’s most grateful for is seeing how things have come full circle for her.
4. What do we know about Sumathipala's injury
A. It stopped her skating eventually B. It led to her loss of eyesight
C. lt changed her life direction D. It was easily cured by doctors
5. In what way did Sumathipala think she could find the answer to her disease
A. Tuning to doctors.
B. Go on practicing
C. Rebuilding her identity
D. Doing research on brain herself
6. What does the underlined phrase "homed in on"" in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. focused on B. retuned to C. attended to D. stayed at
7. What made things come full circle for Sumathipala
A. Deep love for figure-skating.
B. Her determination to achieve life goals.
C. The praise from her lab colleagues.
D. Good relationship with new skaters
C
The first great agricultural revolution happened 10,000 years ago, when humans settled on farms. The second was the "green revolution” from the 1930s to the 1960s, in which advances fertilization, mechanization, and irrigation dramatically increased global food production. The third is likely to come from information, as digital technology and big data help farmers make better decisions and drive up crop production.
Michael Stem, president and chief executive officer of Climate Corp said that the ability to gather detailed information about farmers’ fields, coupled with advances in weather forecasting computing power, and artificial intelligence, will change farming from a business that often reacts to the past - applying insecticide this year because of a disease outbreak last year- to one that use real-time data and weather forecasts to make more accurate decisions for the season to come
Over the course of a growing season, farmers make 40 to 50 key decisions that affect crop performance. Recent trends that have swept other areas of society - such as cheap data storage, the ability to transfer data wirelessly, and dramatic increases in computing power -have the potential to transform the farm.
Stem offered the example of a farmer preparing for the regular fall fertilizing of his fields who delays the application after being informed of a coming storm. That decision reduces runoff, keep fertilizer on the field, and helps controls farmer’s costs. As data gathers season after season computer models will help farmers better manage fertilizer and other additions to optimize production and minimize runoff.
Remote sensing is another way that modern technology can help farmers know what's going o in their fields. Many farmers drive around to monitor growth and watch for pests and diseases.But, these surveys are typically random and don’t cover more than 2 percent of a field. Remote sensing can provide accurate data that covers an entire field and enables recommendations tailored to what’s going on in the stricken area.
s. What will the third agricultural revolution most probably help farmers do
A. To prevent disease outbreaks B. To grasp computing ability
C. To make reasonable decisions D. To develop business potentials
9. Why did the author give an example in Paragraph 4 according to the text
A. To confirm the coming of a storm.
B. To explain the reason of fertilizer runoff
C. To show the use of computer models
D. To stress the effect of information application.
10. What is the advantage of the remote sensing technology
A. It can show typical random.
B. It can offer exact information
C. It can remove pests and diseases.
D. It can present advanced artificial intelligence
11. What is the author's attitude to the coming agriculture revolution
A. Favorable. B. Objective C. Disapproval. D. Ambiguous.
D
Scientists in Australia are testing printed solar panels to power a Tesla on a 15,100-kilometer (9,400-mile) journey beginning in September, which they hope will get the public thinking about steps to help prevent climate changes.
The Charge Around Australia (CAA) project will power a Tesla electric car with 18 of the team’s printed plastic solar panels, each 18 meters (59 feet) long, rolling them out beside the vehicle to absorb sunlight when it needs a charge
Paul Dastoor, the inventor of the printed solar panels, said the University of Newcastle team would be testing not only the endurance of the panels but their potential performance for other applications. "This is actually an ideal test bed to give us information about how we would go about using and powering technology in other remote locations, for example, in space," Dastoor told Reuters in the town of Gosforth, north of Sydney.
Printed solar is a lightweight, laminated(层压的)plastic that can be made at a cost of less than S10 a square meter. The panels are made on a commercial printer originally used for printing wine labels.
Dastoor said using the panels to power a car would get Australians to think more about electric vehicles and could help ease their “range anxiety." The community is seeking these sorts of answers to the problems it's being faced with, day in, day out, around climate change.
On their 84-day Tesla journey, the team plans to visit about 70 schools to give students a taste of what the future may hold. Asked what Elon Musk, creator of the Tesla car and founder of Tesla Inc TSLA.O, might say about the CAA project, Dastoor said he hoped he would be pleased.CAA was "showing how our innovative technology is now combining with his developments to develop new solutions for the planet," Dastoor said.
12. What can we learn about the printed solar panel
A. It weighs a lot.
B. It can be rolled and carried.
C. lt can be used at any time of a day
D. It has been applied to power gas cars
13. What is "range anxiety” in Paragraph 5 probably about
A. The climate is getting worse
B. The solar panels are too long.
C.The solar panels are expensive.
D. The endurance of the panels is poor.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Musk is pleased with the CAA project.
B. Students are positive about their own future.
C. The electric car lasts 84 days on a single charge
D. The CCA team and Musk are making efforts for climate changes
15. Which can be the best title for the text
A.A new test on Tesla
B. A new discovery in space
C.A breakthrough in solar panels
D. A concern for climate changes
2022届山东省日照市高三第二次模拟考试英语试题
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Many people have the desire to travel when summer approaches. The following is to help you narrow down your options.
San Diego
San Diego, located on the Pacific, offers enough outdoor attractions to satisfy all kinds of summer travelers. Families will enjoy exploring San Diego Zoo. No matter what type of traveler you are, the eye-catching architecture and beautiful gardens that make up Balboa Park won’t disappoint. And as for the beaches, San Diego’s variety of shorelines means you’11 never be bored.
Bar Harbor
Bar Harbor, Maine’s proximity(临近)to Acadia National Park makes it an impressive spot to hang your hat in summer. While the distance to the park is undoubtedly one of Bar Harbor’s selling points, you should save room on your route to explore this charming coastal town. Book a boat or whale watching tour on the bay or take a walk along the scenic Shore Path for inspiring views of the Atlantic Ocean.
Bermuda
If all you care about is being at the beach during your summer vacation, choose Bermuda. Temperatures during this time of year make summer the best time to catch rays on the sand and swim in warmer Atlantic waters. Chill out along beautiful shorelines such as Horseshoe Bay Beach (the most popular beach), Elbow Beach(the pinkest)and Warwick Long Bay(the longest).
Edinburgh
Edinburgh’s northern U. K. location means that warm weather is rare. Each summer, the city hosts the famous Edinburgh Festival Fringe(the world’s largest arts festival), drawing visitors from around the planet. Aside from this fun summer event, travelers can experience Edinburgh’s green, sun-bathing landscape.
1. Which place is suitable for every traveler in San Diego
A. The Pacific. B. San Diego Zoo. C. Balboa Park. D. The beaches.
2. What can you do in Bar Harbor
A. Watch whales on the bay. B. Sunbathe on the beach.
C. Dive in the Atlantic Ocean. D. Wander in Acadia National Park.
3. Where can you go if you are interested in music
A. San Diego. B. Edinburgh. C. Bar Harbor. D. Bermuda.
B
A blind skateboarder has proven that his lack of sight won’t stop him from living a normal life—and now he’s learned some of the most complicated tricks.
Dan Mancina, 34, from Michigan, the US, was diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa at 13, a rare genetic disease and it causes loss of vision. Around five years ago, Dan lost his vision completely and now is defined as a blind person—but refuses to let it hold him back. Dan said that he was discouraged by other people’s behaviors and was determined to prove people wrong, so he started skateboarding, practiced every day, and soon he was landing trick after trick.
Dan started performing tricks that some might not expect a blind person to be able to do— like throwing darts(飞镖)—but they would be wrong. He said he felt a need to prove himself to those who doubted his abilities. So Dan, who has been skateboarding since he was seven years old, recently posted a video of himself performing a trick on the Internet.
The experience reminded him of his love for the sport and inspired him to continue pursuing his passion, but now his methods are somewhat different. Before skating at a park, Dan uses a stick to measure the different ramps(斜坡)and corners, and get a feel for the area. He also uses a beeper box or a Bluetooth speaker to bounce the sounds off anything in the environment—such as a nearby road—warning him of any dangers in the area.
The skateboarder said, “I get a mental map of the area where I am and use every other sense I have. I'm always trying to progress and keep pushing myself further and further. I have certain goals that I want to achieve. One day I want to film full-length skateboard videos without any cuts. That’s really my goal. ”
4. What happened to Dan Mancina when he was thirteen
A. He became completely blind. B. He was not allowed to skateboard.
C. He suffered from a severe eye disease. D. He got injured while skateboarding.
5. Why did Dan perform complicated tricks
A. To show he could live a normal life. B. To achieve his childhood dream.
C. To shoot a video about his success in life. D. To become the focus of public attention.
6. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. Dan’s training field. B. Dan’s passion for sport.
C. Dan’s training equipment. D. Dan’s preparations for skateboarding.
7. What can we learn from the story
A. He who laughs last laughs best. B. All that ends well is well.
C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. D. A good beginning makes a good ending.
C
Located off the coast of Croatia, in the Adriatic Sea, Baljenac is a tiny island covered by a series of dry-stone walls that make it look like a giant fingerprint when seen from above.
The oval-shaped island of Baljenac is covered by a 23-kilometer-long network of dry-stone walls. You’d think it was an ancient labyrinth(迷官), if not for the fact that the walls are about waist high and designed only to make agriculture easier in an unfriendly place. The rocky land and strong winds aren’t exactly perfect for the growth of plants, so the natives of the nearby island of Kaprije built these stone walls to separate their crops and offer them some protection. It’s a technique used in other parts of Europe, like England or Ireland, but nowhere else do these walls copy the pattern of a human fingerprint as they do on Baljenac Island.
The uninhabited island has a surface of only 0.14 square kilometers but features 23 kilometers of walls created simply by piling rocks on top of each other. The same type of walls are used on Kaprije and Zut, but Baljenac has by far the highest concentration by surface area.
Most of the stone wall network is believed to have been built during the 19th century, but both Baljenac and Kaprije served as safe shelters for Christians during the Ottoman conquests (征服)of the 16th and 17th centuries, so some parts of the wall could be even older.
Ever since aerial photos of Baljenac started spreading on the Internet, the popularity of the fingerprint island has grown considerably as has tourist presence in the area. Although locals welcome visitors, some worry about the damage suffered by the walls at the hands of ill-mannered tourists.
The Croatian government has requested that UNESCO include this island in its list of world heritage sites, which will not only boost its popularity even more but also guarantee Baljenac higher protection from the local authorities.
8. Why were the dry-stone walls built on Baljenac
A. To protect crops from animal attacks. B. To make it easier to grow crops.
C. To attract tourists to the island. D. To serve as a cultural symbo1.
9. What are some locals concerned about
A. The strong winds from the sea. B. The lack of protection from UNESCO.
C. The collapse of the stone walls. D. The damage done to the walls by tourists.
10. What is the purpose of the text
A. To introduce a famous fingerprint island.
B. To make an advertisement for a special island.
C. To find out the secret of the fingerprint island.
D. To call on people to protect the stone walls on Baljenac.
11. Where does the text most probably come from
A. A travel website. B. A science report.
C. A history book. D. A financial magazine.
D
Can you really find out where someone is from based on how they queue(排队) And why—across the world—do some queues seem to take forever, while others, even of the same waiting time, seem to go relatively quickly
Richard Larson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology professor and a world expert on queues, as well as various social scientists, believes how you queue does, in fact, often give away your origin. In the United States, how people queue even depends on which city they are from. “One of my findings is that you can tell a lot about the social culture of citizens by watching their micro behavior in queues. People in Boston, New York and Washington D. C. all queue in different ways, ”he says. “In Washington, people queue at a random point in a sidewalk. These are government workers who know that the bus stops at this place at 4：05, so they queue up dutifully—first come first serve. I have never seen any such behavior in New York or Boston. ”
No matter how“good”the queuers are, though, scientists agree that for the queue to function, it needs to be fair. As long as people are served in the order they are lined up, queue anger can be avoided.
This is the idea behind the winding queue behind ropes or barriers where, when you reach the front, you are directed to the next available server. It’s no faster than having individual lines all the way through. But it does mean that no one arriving after you will get served before you.
The final moments of the queue are also important. Research by INSEAD business school professor Ziv Carmon and Princeton University psychology professor Daniel Kahneman found that if our wait ends on a happy note—for instance, if the queue speeds up at the end—we will view that experience more positively, even if for most of the time we were very uncomfortable, quietly cursing(骂)the person in front.
12. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By analyzing facts. B. By presenting findings.
C. By raising questions. D. By making comments.
13. Which of the following statements may Richard Larson agree with
A. Some people get more pleasure from queuing up than others.
B. The way you queue is a reflection of your cultural background.
C. People from Washington behave better than those from Boston.
D. The understanding of social distance varies from place to place.
14. What does the underlined part“the idea”in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Queuing patiently. B. No pain no gain.
C. Queuing randomly. D. First come first serve.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. One should take a positive attitude towards queuing.
B. It is a good idea to keep queuing until the last moment.
C. Waiting in a queue is anything but a pleasant experience.
D. The movement speed of a queue might make a difference.
答案：
2022届山东省济南市高三4月高考模拟（二模）英语试题
1. D 2. A 3. C
4. B 5. B 6. D 7. C
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
12. C 13. A 14. A 15. D
2022届山东省滨州市高三下学期二模考试英语试题
1-5 DCCAB 6—10 CAADB 11—15 BCADB
2022届山东省肥城市高考适应性训练英语试题（二）
1—3 BCD 4—7 ACBD 8—11 BDDC 12—15 BCCD
2022届山东省菏泽市高三二模考试英语试题
1-5 BCACD 6-10 ABCDB 11-15 ABDDC
2022届山东省日照市高三第二次模拟考试英语试题
1—3 CAB 4—7 CADC 8—11 BDAA 12—15 CBDD