2022届浙江省各市高三英语二模试题分类汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

2022届浙江省高三英语二模试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022届浙江省杭州市高三下学期教学质量检测(二模)英语试题（解析版）
第一节（共10个小题：每小题2. 5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
When Oumou Dieye first started competing against men in the sport of golf, she was not confident and felt a little afraid. The men did not want to golf with her nor did they take her seriously. But then, she won her first game. After that, she had all the confidence she needed to keep playing and defeating male golfers.
Dieye is the only professional female golfer in Senegal. She was introduced to golf by her brother-in-law and immediately fell in love. Not long after she began competing, Dieye was given a chance to train in Morocco. With the financial support from her French golf partners, she spent three months training with the Moroccan Golf Federation. She said she enjoyed the experience so much that she returned to Morocco and stayed for seven years. While there, she also taught children at a golfing school.
Today her home is filled with many golfing awards. She has won so many that she has lost track of the number. What she has done is notable because Senegal is a conservative, Muslim nation. There is much pressure from society for women not to be involved in professional sports. The country practices a more liberal form of Islam (伊斯兰教). However, the culture still has traditional ideas of what women should do. A woman who chooses sports over duties at home risks being rejected by her family. At first, her family was not supportive. But after seeing her love of the sport, they changed their minds.
In 2018, when Dieye returned from Morocco, she was not happy about the state of golf in her home country. She wanted to create a golf school similar to the one in Morocco. In 2020, the Senegalese Golf Federation agreed to help Dieye establish a golf school in preparation for the 2026 Summer Youth Olympics in Dakar. It will be Dieye’s job to train Senegal’s first national golf team. This will involve preparing female golfers-including her own daughter.
1. What was the situation when Dieye first played golf with male players
A. She was a shy girl short of social skills.
B. Her family didn’t support her golf career.
C. They didn’t think she was a worthy competitor.
D. She was the only female golfer of the country.
2. What can we learn about the country of Senegal
A. It has received financial support from France.
B. Women there are encouraged to stay at home.
C. Sports play an important part in people’s life.
D Golf players are very popular in the country.
3. Which of the following best describes Dieye
A. A pioneer. B. An explorer.
C. A producer. D. An investigator.
B
A letter written to a 12-year-old girl in Lithuania was delivered in December, almost 51 years after it was sent.
Now in her 60s, Genovefa Klonovska said after being handed the letter, “I thought that someone was pranking me.” The letter included a handmade, colored rose and two paper dolls. It was sent to Klonovska by a young girl in Poland. They exchanged letters in what is known as a pen pal program — when people write letters to each other without actually meeting.
The letter, together with 17 others, was discovered this past summer when a wall was taken down in a former post office in Vilnius.
The letters, from the late 1960s and early 1970s, were likely hidden by a postal worker after he searched them for money or valuables, Vilutis said. The senders were family members or pen pals from places such as Australia, Poland, or Russia. Street names and their numbering have changed in Vilnius, capital of Lithuania. Post office workers spent months looking for the people who were supposed to receive the letters — the recipients. Only five recipients were found. In several cases, children of dead recipients were handed a lost letter.
Deimante Zebrauskaite, head of Lithuania Post, said we felt a moral duty to do this. Zebrauskaite added, “One lady compared the experience to receiving a message from a bottle thrown into sea. People were emotional (动情的). Some people felt they saw a part of daily life of their dead parents.”
In the letter to Klonovska, sent from Koczary in Poland, a girl named Ewa complains buses no longer reach her village. Now in her 60s, Klonovska has no memory of Ewa. She probably wrote Ewa after finding her address in an advertisement for pen-pals in a newspaper. Their relationship stopped after the letter was not delivered. “The loss was not life-changing,” said Klonovska. She then asked, “What if they delivered a lost letter from a suitor (求婚者) to his love, and their wedding never happened ”
4. The word “pranking” in paragraph 2 means ______.
A. playing a trick on B. paying attention to
C. finding fault with D. getting in touch with
5 Why were some people emotional when they received the letters
A. The arrival of the lost letters had been long expected.
B. They knew more about their parents through the letters.
C. A postal worker hid the letters for a selfish purpose.
D. Postal workers overcame difficulties to find the recipients.
6 What did Klonovska try to express in the last paragraph
A. All these letters were important reminders of memories.
B. She didn’t mind if the post office gave her the letter.
C. The course of her life would never change for the lost letter.
D. The lost letters could have caused serious consequences.
C
They say procrastination (拖延) is the thief of time — actually deadlines are. New research has found that if you want someone to help you out with something, it is best not to set a deadline at all. But if you do set a deadline, make it short.
Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. Participants were invited to complete an online survey concerning a charity donation. They were given either one week, one month, or no deadline to respond. Professor Knowles says although the topic of the survey was about charity, the results are true of any situation where someone asks another person for help.
The study found responses to the survey were lowest for the one-month deadline and highest when no deadline was specified (明确规定). No deadline and the one-week deadline led to many early responses, while a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget. Professor Knowles wasn’t surprised to find that specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. However, he did find it interesting that they received the most responses when no deadline was specified.
“We interpret this as evidence that specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act,” he says. “People therefore put off undertaking the task, and since they are inattentive or forget, postponing it results in lower response rates.”
He says of the research that it is possible that not specifying a deadline might still have led participants to assume that there is an unspoken deadline. Professor Knowles hopes his research can help reduce the amount of procrastinating people do. “Many people procrastinate. They have the best intentions of helping someone out, but just do not get around to doing it.”
7. Why did Professor Knowles do the research
A. To study the role a deadline plays in procrastination.
B. To find out whether people are interested in charity.
C. To attract public attention to the effects of procrastination.
D To test the effect of procrastination on task completion.
8. What most likely leads to procrastination
A. No deadlines. B. Short deadlines.
C. Specific deadlines. D. Long deadlines.
9. Why do people procrastinate when given a long deadline
A. They oppose the deadline. B. They are unwilling to act.
C. They lack a sense of urgency. D. They are too busy to remember.
10. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Procrastination — the Thief of Time
B. Procrastination — an Urgent Problem to Solve
C. Deadline — a Result of Procrastination
D. Deadline — the Key to Reducing Procrastination
2022届浙江省衢州、丽水、湖州三地市高三4月教学质量检测试卷（二模）英语试题（解析版）
第一节（共10小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分25分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Liu Yexi has taken Douyin by storm. As of Nov 17. the virtual idol, who debuted（首次出现）on the social media platform on Oct 31. had only released two short videos but attracted over 5 million followers.
Different from other virtual idols, Liu is defined as a “virtual beauty vlogger”. In her first video, Liu is doing makeup with an eye brush while dressed in a traditional Chinese costume. When she turns around, the onlookers are terrified, except one boy. Then Liu slightly brushes the boy’s eyes, allowing him to see the fantasy world in her own eyes.
The internet users marveled at its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. Liang Zikang, the CEO of the production team, told China Newsweek that the team spent two months making the video.
Liu’s instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. There are over 32, 400 virtual idols that have opened accounts on video-sharing platform Bilibili in the past year, seeing a year-on-year rise of 40 percent, Chen Rui, the CEO of Bilibili, said in a speech.
“Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,” Shine News noted. Additionally, these virtual web celebrities won’t have scandals.
As more young people are fascinated by these virtual figures, their commercial value has been on the rise. Generally, they earn money by endorsements, online concerts, livestreaming and related products.
Therefore, some people are wondering whether they will replace real humans. “These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual,” Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of self-learning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.
1. What can we learn about Liu Yexi from the text
A. Liu has more followers than any real idols.
B. Liu is skilled at making up science fictions.
C. Liu became famous overnight as a “virtual beauty vlogger”.
D. Liu has released two short videos to attract 5 million supporters.
2. What does Ding Daoshi imply in the last paragraph
A. Virtual idols will replace real humans.
B. The real virtual idol is likely to appear.
C. The virtual idol industry is totally conducted by AI.
D. Conditions for the virtual idol industry have matured.
3. Where is the text probably from
A. A guidebook. B. An autobiography. C. A book review. D. A news report.
B
In the 1970’s, people who managed ponds had a problem with plants and snails in the water. To control the pests, the managers brought four species of carp, a type of fish, from Asia. But some of the fish escaped into rivers and other waterways. Soon, there were lots of fish. And they became troublesome invasive species. These non-native fish can bully ecosystems, quickly taking over. Growing fast and big, they ate lots of the food on which the native fish would normally depend. Bighead carp are an invasive species in the United States. Binbin Wang is using a combination of computer modeling and field experiments to study how the eggs of these and other invasive carp could be transported in the Missouri River.
Today, the descendants (后代) of those carp remain a big problem. And as the fish spawn (产卵), their eggs have been drifting (漂流) far and wide. Anticipating where something will drift can be a challenge. But finding answers may handle the crisis.
At the University of Missouri in Columbia, civil and environmental engineer Binbin Wang is working to figure out where eggs of the invasive fish are spreading in the Missouri River. If science can get ahead of the problem, there’s hope that people may figure out how to stop it. But if science is too slow to answer this question, legions of carp eggs will grow into adults that outcompete their neighbors. Stopping their spread would help reduce the overall damage they cause.
Drifting may seem somewhat random, but scientists are doing researches to make useful predictions possible. Some of these drift detectives want to know if large icebergs threaten offshore oil platforms. Others hope to track the polluted air or water-and determine where they’re coming from. The work is challenging. It also can be very rewarding. Most importantly, their findings may point toward solutions for some important environmental threats.
4. The scientists track the drifting of carp eggs in order to ________ .
A. ensure the quality of their eggs B. protect the native fish
C. stop them from polluting the water D. make it easier to transport them
5. What does the underlined word “crisis” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. The carp’s spawning. B. The direction of eggs’ drifting.
C. The extinction of the invasive fish. D. The spread of the invasive fish.
6. What can we learn from the passage
A. Where carp eggs are drifting is still a barrier to the research.
B. Researches have already found ways to stop the drifting of eggs.
C. It’s easy to predict the direction of the drifting of invasive fish eggs.
D. Cleaning the polluted water is the best solutions to environmental treats.
7. What’s the author’s attitude towards the drift detection
A. Indifferent. B. Unclear. C. Positive. D. Doubtful.
C
Owww! A little girl wails after falling and bumping her knee. Her father rushes over and inspects the leg. “I’ll kiss it and make it better” he says. The kiss works. The girl sniffles, wipes her eyes, then jumps up and gets back to playing. Her pain is forgotten.
Scenes like this one happen on playgrounds and in homes around the world every day. When a child gets a bump or bruise in Germany, says Ulrike Bingel, “someone will blow the pain away.”
A caring adult can seemingly stop a child’s pain with a puff of air, a kiss or even just a few kind words. Of course, none of these things can repair injured skin. So what’s happening Doctors call it the placebo effect. It describes what happens when something that should have no effect triggers a real, positive change in someone’s body.
Placebos are a very important part of medical research. To prove that a new medicine works, researchers must show that people taking it improve more than people getting a placebo. This placebo is usually a pill that looks the same as the treatment but contains no medicine. At times a person may feel better after taking a placebo pill, even though the pill did not act on any disease or symptoms.
This placebo response isn’t an illusion. It comes from the brain. A placebo effect can only influence body processes that the brain can modify, such as pain or digestion.
Kathryn Hall, a medical researcher in Boston says, “Placebos don’t do anything for bacteria, but they can change how strongly someone experiences pain or other symptoms.” Other researchers are also trying to figure out why the placebo effect works. Ted Kaptchuk’s group has discovered that placebo treatments work better when a doctor spends more quality time with a patient.
8. Which of the following can be described as placebo effect
A. Taking more responsibilities if promoted.
B. Not feeling pains in knees after an operation.
C. Becoming more active after drinking coffee.
D. Falling fast asleep after taking vitamins labelled as sleeping pills.
9. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To persuade patients to try the placebo pills. B. To introduce the placebo effect.
C. To encourage studies on placebo pills. D. To promote values of real pills.
10. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Power of Placebos B. Value of Placebo Pills
C History of Placebo Research D. Placebo Effects on Patients
2022届浙江省绍兴市高三4月高考科目考试适应性试卷(二模)英语试题 （解析版）
第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Many people volunteer their time and energy to help others. There are different ways to meet other people's needs. Some provide education while others offer adventure. Many do both. And one typical group to be introduced today are history lovers.
Every year, they offer to find or document remains of lost societies and communities. These efforts take place across the world. For example, Forest Service experts and volunteers are working in the San Gabriel Mountains of southern California, looking for information about prehistoric and historic settlements of native Californians.
This kind of work interests Professor Steven Ortiz in Fort Worth, Texas. Every other year, he leads an archaeological dig (考古挖掘) in Israel. The dig is at Tel Gezer, halfway between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv. Professor Ortiz directs the activities at Tel Gezer with Samuel Wolff, an Israeli archaeologist.
The city is linked to King Solomon, who appears in the writings of different religions. The experts, students and volunteers are hoping to learn more about the ancient city of Gezer Volunteers for the digs must be eighteen, although children may take part if they are with a parent. The youngest volunteer on the team is Steven Ortiz's ten-year-old son.
Volunteers must pay for their transportation and they will face many challenges. The work takes time, patience and often muscle strength. Besides, the ground may be hard and the sun may be hot. But why do people pay to volunteer to work “For some, the dig is a journey undertaken for religious purposes. Some just value ancient history, and they want to be a part of uncovering it.
I tend to think we attract people who think they want a cross-cultural experience. They want to do something meaningful. They want to get their hands dirty. And they want to have a fun experience touring a foreign country." said Steven.
Volunteering for the archaeological dig provides all those things, and more. “You are helping science. You are helping history. But on weekends, especially for small children, they can have fun, travel in the country and see sights they do not normally see." Steven added.
21. What can be inferred about the archaeological dig in Israel
A. It aims to seek for historic settlements of native Californians.
B. Children can join in the dig without parents' company.
C. The dig is a challenging but meaningful journey.
D. Participants of the dig enjoy free transportation.
22. Why does the author write the passage
A. To introduce the volunteer work of history lovers.
B. To describe children's cross-cultural experiences.
C. To analyze the significance of archaeological digs.
D. To stress experts' efforts in archaeological research.
23. What is the text
A. A book review.
B. A news program.
C. A research paper.
D. An investigation report.
B
For the past five years, researchers in Hawaii and Australia have been engineering corals (珊瑚) inside a lab to see if they could better resist the effects of climate change.
The scientists say climate change linked to human causes has led to warming oceans that can harm sea life. The team tested three methods for making corals that would be strong and healthy in nature. One was selective breeding. It involves scientists choosing parents with desirable characteristics for reproductive purposes. The goal is to produce babies with the same desirable characteristics. A second method subjected the corals to increasing temperatures to condition them to be able to survive in warm ocean environments. The third involved making changes to the algae (藻类) that provides corals with necessary nutrients.
The leader of the project, University of Hawaii researcher Kira Hughes, said all the methods proved successful in the lab. She told The Associated Press that some scientists might worry such methods go against the natural processes of nature. But with the planet continuing to warm, she does not see any better options.“We have to intervene in order to make a change for coral reefs to survive into the future,” Hughes said.
When ocean temperatures rise, corals release algae that supplies nutrients and gives them color. This causes them to turn white, a process called bleaching. When his happens, corals can quickly become sick and die. But for years, scientists have been observing corals that have survived bleaching, even when others have died on the same reef. They are now centering on those healthy survivors and hoping to further increase their resistance to heat. Those corals were used as the parents for the newly created kinds.
“Corals are threatened worldwide by a lot of stressors but increasing temperature are probably the most severe.” said Crawford Drury, chier scientist al Hawaii’s Coral Resilience Lab
Rather than editing genes or creating anything unnatural, the researchers are just attempting to begin what could already happen in the ocean, Madeleine van Oppen added. In this way, she said, the team can center on a small area to keep and “enhance” what is already there.
24. What is the desirable feature of parents chosen for reproduction
A. The resistance to increasing heat.
B. The access to necessary nutrients.
C. The prevention of the coral bleaching.
D. The interruption of the natural process.
25. What does the bleaching of corals mean
A. It releases nutrients necessary for algae's growth.
B. It results in the decreasing number of corals.
C It produces more strong and healthy corals.
D. It changes the genes of corals for survival.
26. What is the best title for the text
A. Three Methods to Make Healthy Corals Are under Test
B. Researchers Edit Coral Genes to Improve Their Survival
C. Views Are Divided on the Development of Corals in Lab
D. Corals Are Created in Lab lo Better Resist Climate Change
C
When kids melt down in the middle of a crowded store or at a holiday dinner with extended family, it can be extremely frustrating. But parents can help kids learn self-control and teach them how to respond without just acting on impulse (冲动).
Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important for success later in life. By learning self-control, kids can make appropriate decisions and respond to stressful situations in ways that can yield positive outcomes. For example, if you say that you’re not serving ice cream until after dinner, your child may cry, plead, or even scream in the hopes that you will give in. But with self-control, your child can understand that a temper tantrum (发牌气) means you’ll take away the ice cream for good and that it’s wiser to wait patiently.
Difficult as it may be, resist the urge to yell when you’re disciplining your kids. Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences. Your actions will show that tantrums won’t get kids the upper hand. For example, if your child gets, upset in the grocery store after you’ve explained why you won’t buy candy, don’t give in – thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and ineffective. Also, consider speaking to your child’s teachers about classroom settings and appropriate behavior expectations. Ask if problem-solving is taught or demonstrated in school.
And model good self-control yourself. If you’re in an annoyed situation in front of your kids, tell them why you’re frustrated and then discuss potential solutions to the problem. For example, if you’ve misplaced your keys, instead of getting upset, tell your kids the keys are missing and then search for them together. If they don’t turn up, take the next constructive step. Show that good emotional control and problem solving are the ways to deal with a difficult situation.
27. What is the main idea of paragraph 2
A. Impulsive responses lead to frustration.
B. Kids’ melting down is a common phenomenon.
C. Parents should help kids make decisions appropriately.
D. Teaching kids self-control is a must for their future success.
28. What is the parents’ best attitude towards a child’s meltdown
A. Firm and factual.
B. Calm and tolerant.
C. Cautious and objective.
D. Annoyed and disapproving.
29. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in paragraph 3
A. Emotional outburst is unexpected behaviors.
B. Kids shouldn’t be responsible for their behaviors alone.
C. Temper loss won’t give the kids a position of advantage.
D. Tantrums are ineffective in interpersonal communications.
30. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Slow and steady wins the race.
B. Good example is the best sermon.
C. Experience is the mother of wisdom.
D. Success comes from thorough self-control.
2022届浙江省温州市普通高中高考适应性测试（二模）英语试题（解析版）
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分,满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Adnan, a 56-year-old father, wants to make it clear that it's not just mothers who can feel like failures in their home life. "I had the fairytale of what I'd be like as a dad," he says. "When our first child was born, I had images of all this stuff we'd do together. It didn't include pictures of sleepless nights, or every item of clothing being covered in snot and yoghurt."
He also says it doesn't get any easier with more children, because each child will have a different personality requiring different methods of parenting. "There's a fine line between child management, focusing on health and safety, and being a present dad, trying to listen to all their voices, "he says.
"No one explains that you're their protector as well as the person meeting their hygiene (卫生) factors, feeding them, listening to playground politics and building their confidence. You're the person who is the narrative in their head about how great they are."
Adnan says that though he doesn't compare himself with other parents, he still finds it hard to shake the fairytale that is firmly in his head, compared with which he always comes up short. "The continuous refereeing (调解) and the delegate decision-making go beyond anything I've done in the workplace," he says,
"I keep asking myself' Am I equipped to deal with this ' I'm a father a counsellor (咨询师) and a coach. There's also something about being a parent in your 50 s: you don't have the physicality of your 30s."
1. What was Adnan's "fairytale"
A. To be a father of many children.
B To raise the children with his wife.
C. To experience parenting hardships.
D. To enjoy the fantastic role of a parent.
2. What makes it no easier to raise more children
A. Having more sleepless nights.
B. Meeting children's hygiene factors.
C. Tailoring parenting to fit children.
D. Focusing on kids' health and safety problems.
3. What can be learnt about Adnan from paragraph 4
A. He thinks parenting affects work.
B. He does better than other parents.
C. He falls short of kids' expectation.
D. He finds being a dad quite challenging.
B
If you look up in the sky, you probably see, at some point, an aircraft. And behind that aircraft are white, fluffy streaks (条纹). And that's what we call a contrail. Contrails are made up of ice crystals that form when aircraft engines emit exhaust (废气) that hits the cold air.
The ice crystals reflect incoming light from the sun back into space, which has a cooling effect on the atmosphere. But the contrails also stop heat coming up from the ground from escaping into space. It is reflected back down toward the ground. And so that's a warming effect. Stettler, an engineer from Imperial College London, says, on balance, contrails warm the atmosphere more than they cool it. And that's mainly because the cooling effect due to reflecting of sunlight can only happen during the day, when the sun's shining, whereas the warming effect due to trapping of outgoing heat happens all of the time.
How long do contrails last This depends on the atmospheric conditions at the altitude where a plane is flying. Some contrails can form clouds that last for up to 18 hours. During that time, they spread out, trapping even more heat. This process allows contrails to warm the planet about as much as the carbon dioxide emissions from aircraft.
But when Stettler and his team analyzed flight data they obtained of Japan airspace, they found that most contrail warming was caused by just 2 percent of flights. And most of those flights originated in the late afternoon because as the sun goes down, cooling can no longer offset (抵消) the warming. And the warming effect continues to exist throughout the evening into the night. But what if the contrails that contribute the most to warming could be got rid of
4. What does "it" in paragraph 2 refer to
A. A cooling effect.
B. Heat from the ground.
C. Light from the sun.
D. Exhaust hitting the cold air.
5. What can be learned about contrails
A. They can easily disappear in the air.
B. They actually contribute to global warming.
C. Their cooling effect happens all of the time.
D. Their warming effect is usually overlooked.
6. What is most likely to be talked about next
A. A future plan for Japan airspace.
B. The negative influence of contrails.
C. Other potential causes of contrails.
D. A possible way to remove contrails.
C
When Mexican scientist of the evolution of animal behavior, Laura Cuaya, moved to Hungary for her postdoctoral studies in Budapest, she brought her pet dog, Kun-kun, along for the ride. Cuaya couldn't help noticing how locals warmed to dogs. This prompted her naturally curious scientific mind to start asking questions. “Here people are talking all the time to Kun-kun, but I always wonder if Kun-kun can recognize that people in Budapest speak Hungarian, not Spanish ” So she set out to find an answer through a scientific study.
Cuaya and her colleagues decided to use brain images from MRI scanning to shed light on her hunch. They worked with dogs of various ages that had, until the experiment, only heard their owners speak just one of the two languages, Spanish or Hungarian. Not surprisingly, getting the dogs to happily take part in the experiment took some creative coaxing and animal training! The researchers first needed to teach Kun-kun and her 17 fellow participating dogs including a labradoodle, a golden retriever and Australian shepherds, to lie still in a brain scanner. Their pet parents were always present, and they could leave the scanner at any point.
The research team played children's book classic The Little Prince in both Spanish and Hungarian while scanning the dogs' brains with an MRI machine. They were looking for evidence that their brains reacted differently to a familiar and unfamiliar language. The researchers also played scrambled versions of the story to find out if dogs could distinguish between speech and non-speech.
The images reveal that dogs' brains show different patterns of activity for an unfamiliar language than for a familiar one—the first time anyone has proved, researchers say, that a non-human brain can distinguish between two languages. This means that the sounds and rhythms of a familiar language are accessible to non-humans.
Interestingly, the team also found that the brains of older dogs were more skilled at detecting speech “suggesting a role for the amount of language exposure”. They suggest that dogs have refined their ability to distinguish between human languages over the long process of domestication.
7 What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A. The background of the study. B. The significance of the study.
C. The concern of the researcher. D. The introduction to the researcher.
8. What did Cuaya consider when choosing dogs for study
A. Age limits. B. Brain patterns. C. Language exposure. D. Owners' commands.
9. The results of the study are ________.
A practical B. contradictory C. compromising D. groundbreaking
10. Which of the following can be the best title
A. Dogs Can Tell Foreign Languages
B. Dog Brains Have Different Patterns
C. Old Dogs Know More About Human Speech
D. Dogs Can Differ Speech From Non-Speech
2022届浙江省宁波市高三下学期高考模拟考试（二模）英语试卷
第一节（共10小题；每小题2. 5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
I had just delivered a memorized speech that I had labored over for months, and I was about to learn how the experts judged my performance. The polite audience leaned forward in their folding chairs. Silence fell across the room and the drum rolled in my mind.
The contest organizer announced the third-place winner. Alas, the name was not mine. Then the second, and once again it was not me. At last, the moment of truth came. Either I was about to be bathed in the warmth of victory or regretted the last several months spent preparing. While neither of these came to pass, my heart just sank.
Losing is a part of life, but it was an indescribable depression to drive 200 miles round trip, get up early on a freezing Saturday morning, and yet still finish fourth out of four contestants. After Lincoln lost the 1858 Illinois Senate race, he reportedly said, “I felt like the 12-year-old boy who stubbed his toe. I was too big to cry and it hurt too bad to laugh. ” Oh yeah, I could relate.
Months before the contest, I had spent hours in front of a computer and in libraries doing research for the Lincoln Bicentennial Speech Contest. As I read through several biographies, one idea stood out: Lincoln was handed many sound defeats, but he never allowed them to permanently stop his spirit or ambition. I thought “failing successfully” was a very appropriate topic, given the many letdowns Lincoln experienced, and so this became the title of my speech.
Never mind the lost prize money and praise — I did gain a new perspective. Through learning about Lincoln, I discovered that I could fail successfully. Now, whenever I’m faced with a failure, I remember what Lincoln said after his unsuccessful 1854 Senate race, “The path was worn and slippery. My foot slipped from under me, knocking the other out of the way, but I recovered and said to myself, ‘It’s a slip and not a fall. ’”
21. How did the author feel when waiting for the announcement of the result
A. Relieved. B. Thrilled. C. Nervous. D. Desperate.
22. Why did the author mention Lincoln’s failures in Senate race
A. To show Lincoln’s determination to win Senate race.
B. To present his research findings of Lincoln’s biographies.
C. To compare what they had in common in their experiences.
D. To indicate that he drew inspiration from Lincoln’s failures.
23. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. An Unexpected Speech B. A Slippery Path
C. A Successful Failure D. An Impressive Example
B
When did you last write a letter Properly write one — by hand In a digital world, where sending a text or email is far more convenient than using snail mail, is the writing on the wall for traditional pen and paper Well, some people claim that writing still has many benefits, so maybe it’s not time to ditch your ballpoint or fountain pen yet.
These days, when people request things in writing, a typed, electronic document will be accepted. Doing this on a computer means it could be saved, edited, copied and sent via email. But crafting a handwritten document is unique: it requires planning and thought, and, as well as practising your handwriting, it helps you to remember spelling and punctuation.
Some experts believe your brain benefits from using old-fashioned pen and paper. This is particularly relevant for students, where typing notes into a laptop is thought to lack the “tactile feedback ( 触觉反馈)” to the brain that contact between pen and paper does. BBC Worklife website quotes Hetty Roessingh from the University of Calgary, who says that taking notes by hand involves cognitive engagement in summarising, paraphrasing, organising, concept and vocabulary mapping. Others agree that handwriting may boost fine motor skills in your hands and fingers.
There are everyday benefits of using pen and paper too. Scribbling ( 匆忙书写) notes, shopping lists or messages on the back of an envelope can still be useful, quick and portable. But putting pen to paper in a letter to a friend or loved one can probably have the most impact. Pen pal writer Katherine Moller told the BBC, “In a world where it is so easy to hop online to email or to send a fast text, it is so personal and so precious to know someone chose to turn off the virtual world to spend some time with you. ”
So, while digital skills remain important, don’t write off your pens and pencils yet —especially if your smartphone, tablet or laptop runs out of power.
24. The underlined word “ditch” in the first paragraph can be replaced by “ ____________”.
A. abandon B. preserve C. conduct D. employ
25. Which of the following belongs to the features of writing by hand
A. It can be edited and delivered online.
B. It strengthens people’s cognitive abilities.
C. It lacks the “tactile feedback” to the brain.
D. It promotes motor skills throughout your body.
26. What did Katherine Moller suggest in Para 4
A. People are supposed to turn off the virtual world.
B. Scribbling notes, shopping lists, or messages saves time.
C. It is quite convenient to communicate with others online.
D. Writing by hand is an important way to care about others.
C
As new year approaches, crowds around the world may be expecting fireworks to light up the sky. But the fireworks could finally lose their appeal with the growing use of drones (无人机) for light shows. One obvious example was drone light show in the opening ceremony of Tokyo Olympics.
Ollie Howitt, a technician at SkyMagic, which used 300 drones to create a display for London’s new year celebration, said demand had increased substantially. She added that drones were increasingly able to fly in greater density and for longer. Howitt also said there were benefits of drones, “They give out no pollutants, they’re reusable, and there’s no fallout or that kind of thing. So in that sense they are a very sensible choice. ”
Robert Neff, the general manager at Mercia Harbor, also said the decision to use a drone display at the harbor was down to a number of factors, including the impact of fireworks on animals — from wildlife to the pets of boat owners. “They’ve often commented on how much suffering is caused to their pets by the fireworks,” he said.
But not everyone agrees. Hans Rosling, a spokesperson from the British Fireworks Association said drones could also pose environmental problems. “Suggestions are that drones have less of an impact on the environment, but we have concerns about electrical demand and use of lithium (锂) batteries which are known not to be all that ‘green’,” he said. “The impact of firework use on the environment has been shown to be minor and very short-lived and recent studies have suggested that there is likely to be more pollution from a couple of cars driving to an event than caused by fireworks at an event. ”
And there are issues with drone light displays, which need to receive specific safety approval from certain authorities. Some suggest the use of drones doesn’t mean shutting off fireworks. The bangs of fireworks create a sound feeling that is hard to replace. Meanwhile, others prefer the chance to tell stories in the sky by using a series of image.
27. Why does the writer talk about the Tokyo Olympics in Para 1
A. To attract readers’ attention to the Olympics.
B. To advocate setting off fireworks in the new year.
C. To introduce the popular use of drones for light shows.
D. To highlight people’s celebration of this opening ceremony.
28. What did Ollie Howitt think of drone displays
A. They bring environmental problems.
B. They cause little suffering to the pets.
C. They add color to the new year celebration.
D. They are economical and environmentally-friendly.
29. Which of the following did Hans Rosling agree with
A. Firework displays last shorter than drone displays.
B. The pollution from fireworks isn’t as much as people think.
C. Drones have less impact on the environment than fireworks.
D. People should abandon the drone displays because of lithium batteries.
30. What are people’s attitudes towards drone light displays
A. Controversial. B. Favorable. C. Cautious. D. Neutral.
2022届浙江省台州市4月高三年级教学质量评估（二模）英语试题
第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
The first thing my wife, Peg, said when I retired was “Good news! Now you'll have time to clean the garage!” Not exactly good news — it was the one task I'd been putting off. Inside the garage had been gaps so big you could see all the way down to the ground and all the junk that had piled up since I'd started my job.
I'd earned a job as a news director, a position where I could use my skills. I threw my whole into it and put aside all the family trifles. I'd even worked my way up to head of the office. And after 30 years' service, I knew it was lime to retire. But after decades of long hours and strict deadlines, now what
This dusty garage didn't seem like much compared to the marble halls of the office building. Sure, I would have more time to spend with my family, but I worried I'd lose the sense of purpose and identity I had felt in my job.
I picked my way past coolers, snow shovels and folded canvas. Here I was puttering （磨 蹭）, of all things. I pulled on work gloves, then removed a box of motor oil out of the way, intending to empty some shelves when my hand hit something hard. What could that be
“Just a dusty tin of seeds.” I sighed. “Huh, maybe older than me.”
I grabbed a plastic tray and pushed them into the soil. “What are my chances ” I asked an experienced gardener. “Not very good,” he said. I told Peg with a sigh, wanting to get rid of the tray, but something made me hesitate.
One morning, a sprig of green accidentally came into my view. Was it just grass A weed Or could it be... I found myself checking first thing every morning, until one day I saw leaves unfurled. I proudly showed off the broad, healthy leaves to Peg and our grandchildren. UI just feel it even something this old can still come up. Pretty cool, right Just like your papa!”
21. Why did the author put off cleaning the garage
A. The garage was not in use. B. He was lazy with cleaning.
C. The garage was full of wastes. D. He was occupied in his work.
22. How did the author feel about his retirement at first
A. He felt a sense of loss. B. He was worried about housework.
C. He felt freed from burdens. D. He was hopeful about the future life.
23. What does the underlined word "something" in paragraph 6 mean
A. The experience of planting seeds.
B. The ability to take care of the seeds.
C. The words from the gardener about chances.
D. The expectation for the coming up of the seeds.
B
It's an attractive idea: By playing online problem-solving, matching and other games for a few minutes a day, people can improve such mental abilities as reasoning, verbal skills and memory. But whether these brain training games deliver on those promises is up for debate.
A research team gathered more than eight thousand volunteers globally after collecting their submission of an online questionnaire about their training habits and which, if any, programs they used. Some one thousand participants reported using brain training programs for about eight months, on average, though durations ranged from two weeks to more than five years. Next, the volunteers completed 12 cognitive (认知) tests assessing their mental abilities. They faced specially designed memory exercises, such as menially rotating objects, pattern- finding puzzles and strategy challenges.
When looking at the results, researchers saw that brain (miners on average had no mental edge. Even among the most dedicated, who had used training programs for at least 18 months, brain training didn’t boost thinking abilities above (the level of people who didn't use the programs. Participants who had trained lor less than a month, also performed on par with people who didn't train at all.
“No matter how we sliced the data, we were unable to Inui any evidence that brain training games were connected with cognitive abilities,” says leader of the team. That held true whether the team analyzed participants by age. program used, education or socioeconomic status - all were cognitively similar to the group who didn't use the programs, suggesting that brain training games don't live up to its name. Accordingly, the study advocates no more time sitting at a computer and doing little tasks.
24. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By questioning an idea. B. By having a debate.
C. By explaining an example. D. By making a comparison.
25. What can be learned about the brain training games from the research result
A. They cost time to play well. B. They improve mental abilities.
C. They aren't as helpful as imagined. D. They aren't so popular as before.
29. Why do the researchers analyze the data from different angles
A. To engage more participants. B. To farther confirm the research result.
C. To test the limitation of the research. D. To provide evidence for the association.
C
On June 7, 1195, a fiery spinning ball emerged from a dark cloud in the sunny sky close to the London city. An account of this extraordinary moment survives in a chronicle (编年史) between about 1180 and 1199 by Gervase. It would appear that this is the first credible record of ball lightning in England, and much more convincing than the earliest European description, which was believed to be from the 17th century.
Historians discovered the account of what appears to be ball lightning while exploring Gervase’s records of natural events in his chronicle, a treasure of historical details giving insights into medieval culture. They dug through hundreds of pages in Latin and came across this sighting. Gervase’s records of natural events appear within the historical narrative, often with no opening statement, and the account of ball lightning is sandwiched between the events of the changing of kings at that time.
No attempt is made to explain the “marvellous sign” in the sky seen near London. Readers are left to draw their own conclusions. But Gervase appears to have been a sharp-eyed observer and reporter of celestial （天空的）activity. His fanciful description of ball lightning is remarkably similar to modem reports.
Fora long time, ball lightning was regarded with skepticism. Although it is now generally accepted as a genuine phenomenon with thousands of reported sightings, there is still no accepted scientific explanation of its origin. Understanding the phenomenon has been blocked by an inability to reproduce the effect convincingly in the lab and partly because of the variations in eyewitness reports. Whatever the case, centuries later, Gervase's record makes stimulating reading for modem scientists as well as historians.
27. What's special about the account of ball lightning by Gervase
A. It's the most confusing version. B. It's written in different languages.
C. Ifs the earliest acknowledged record. D. It’s the only copy from the 17th Century.
28. Historians spotted Gervase's account of ball lightning _____.
A. with ease B. as planned C. at the Start D. by accident
29. It's difficult to explain the origin of ball lightning mainly because of ______.
A. no qualified scientists C. no accurate reproductions
C. few eyewitnesses reports D. little support from historians
33. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Scientists Search for Explanations for Ball Lightning
B. Gervase Was Found as The Eyewitness of Ball Lightning
C. Account of First Ball Lightning Sighting Was Uncovered
D. Historians Gain a Breakthrough in a Natural Phenomenon
答案：
2022届浙江省杭州市高三下学期教学质量检测(二模)英语试题（解析版）
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了塞内加尔唯一的职业女子高尔夫球手Oumou Dieye的训练经历，以及她现在正在为之努力的事业——训练塞内加尔第一支国家高尔夫球队。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“The men did not want to golf with her nor did they take her seriously. (男人们不想和她一起打高尔夫球，也不把她当回事)”可知，Dieye第一次和男性球员打高尔夫时，他们认为她不是个值得竞争的人。故选C项。
2题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第三段“Senegal is a conservative, Muslim nation. (塞内加尔是一个保守的穆斯林国家)”以及“A woman who chooses sports over duties at home risks being rejected by her family. (选择运动而不是在家工作的女性有被家人拒绝的风险)”可推知，塞内加尔鼓励本国的女性呆在家里。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第二段“Dieye is the only professional female golfer in Senegal. (Dieye是塞内加尔唯一的职业女子高尔夫球手)”以及最后一段“It will be Dieye’s job to train Senegal’s first national golf team. (训练塞内加尔的第一支国家高尔夫球队将成为Dieye的工作)”可推知，Dieye正在努力训练塞内加尔的女子高尔夫战队，试图为女子高尔夫的普及开创先河，A项“A pioneer. (一位带头人)”最适合形容Dieye。故选A项。
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了维尔纽斯一家旧邮局的一堵墙被拆除了，在其中发现了18封很久之前发出的信，邮局工作人员花了数月时间寻找它们的收件人，但只找到了五位收件人。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。通过画线词上文“A letter written to a 12-year-old girl in Lithuania was delivered in December, almost 51 years after it was sent. (一封写给立陶宛一名12岁女孩的信于去年12月送达，距离寄出已经过去了近51年)”和“Now in her 60s (现在她60多岁了)”以及下文“The letter included a handmade, colored rose and two paper dolls. (信封中装着一朵手工制作的彩色玫瑰和两个纸娃娃)”可知，这封信到达的时间晚了近51年，信封中装的物品显然不是60多岁的Genovefa Klonovska应该收到的，从而推知，此处指Klonovska认为这是一场恶作剧。画线词“pranking”意为“开玩笑、恶作剧”。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段“Some people felt they saw a part of daily life of their dead parents. (一些人觉得他们看到了已故父母日常生活的一部分)”可推知，人们情绪激动是因为通过这些迟来的信，他们对父母有了更多的了解。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段Klonovska的话“What if they delivered a lost letter from a suitor to his love, and their wedding never happened (假如它们收到过一封求婚者给爱人写的信，却弄丢了，导致婚礼未曾举办，那该怎么办)”可推知，Klonovska认为，丢失的信件可能会造成严重后果。故选D项。
【答案】7. A 8. D 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们拖延与设定截止日期的时间长短有关。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. (Stephen Knowles教授在他们的研究中测试了截止日期长度对任务完成的影响)”可推知，Stephen Knowles教授做这项研究是为了研究设定截止日期对拖延这一行为的影响。故选A项。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget (设定很长的截止日期似乎允许人们拖延，然后忘记)”可知，设定很长的截止日期最有可能导致拖延。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“We interpret this as evidence that specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act (我们将此解释为，设定一个更长的截止日期，而不是一个短的截止日期或根本没有截止日期，会消除采取行动的紧迫性)”可知，人们在拥有很长的截止日期时会拖延，主要原因是过长的截止日期会导致人们缺乏紧迫感。故选C项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“They say procrastination is the thief of time — actually deadlines are. (人们说拖延是时间的小偷——实际上截止日期才是罪魁祸首)”以及第三段“specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. (与较长的截止日期相比，指定较短的截止日期可以增加收到回复的机会)”可推知，本文主要介绍了设定截止日期的长短会影响人们做事是否拖延。D项“Deadline — the Key to Reducing Procrastination (截止日期——减少拖延的关键)”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D项。
2022届浙江省衢州、丽水、湖州三地市高三4月教学质量检测试卷（二模）英语试题（解析版）
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，本文主要介绍了一个名叫柳夜熙的虚拟美妆达人，并通过对她的一系列介绍引出对于未来虚拟人物替代真人的担忧。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“As of Nov 17. the virtual idol, who debuted（首次出现）on the social media platform on Oct 31. had only released two short videos but attracted over 5 million followers.”（截至11月17日。虚拟偶像首次亮相在社交媒体平台上10月31日。只发布了两个短视频，却吸引了超过500万粉丝。）和第二段中“Different from other virtual idols, Liu is defined as a “virtual beauty vlogger”. ”（与其他虚拟偶像不同，柳夜熙被定义为“虚拟美女博主”。）可知，作为一名“虚拟美容视频博主”，柳夜熙一夜成名，故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of self-learning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.”（当人工智能达到一个新的自我学习和自我训练的水平，与他人互动时，真正的虚拟偶像就会出现。）可知，真正的虚拟偶像可能会出现，故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个名叫柳夜熙的虚拟美妆达人，并通过对她的一系列介绍引出对于未来虚拟人物替代真人的担忧，最有可能出自新闻报道，故选D。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了入侵鱼种大头鱼对环境和生态造成了威胁，为此科学家们正在想办法追踪它们卵的踪迹，以便想办法阻止其危害。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But if science is too slow to answer this question, legions of carp eggs will grow into adults that outcompete their neighbors. Stopping their spread would help reduce the overall damage they cause. (但如果科学进展太慢，无法回答这个问题，成群的鲤鱼卵将成长为成年鲤鱼卵，并在竞争中击败它们的邻居。阻止它们的传播将有助于减少它们造成的总体损害)”可知，科学家们跟踪鲤鱼卵的漂流，以便保护本地鱼类。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“These non-native fish can bully ecosystems, quickly taking over. Growing fast and big, they ate lots of the food on which the native fish would normally depend.(这些非本地的鱼类可以威胁生态系统，并迅速接管。它们长得又快又大，吃了很多当地鱼类通常赖以为生的食物)”及第二段中“Today, the descendants (后代) of those carp remain a big problem. And as the fish spawn (产卵), their eggs have been drifting (漂流) far and wide. Anticipating where something will drift can be a challenge. But finding answers may handle the crisis.(今天，这些鲤鱼的后代仍然是一个大问题。随着鱼的产卵，它们的卵一直在四处漂流。预测一些东西会漂移到哪里是一个挑战。但找到答案或许能解决危机)”可知，划线词意为“危机”，指的是上文提到的入侵鱼类的扩散。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Anticipating where something will drift can be a challenge.(预测一些东西会漂移到哪里是一个挑战)”及最后一段中的“The work is challenging.(这项工作富有挑战)”可知，鲤鱼卵漂向何处仍是研究的障碍。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It also can be very rewarding. Most importantly, their findings may point toward solutions for some important environmental threats.(它也可以是非常有益的。最重要的是，他们的发现可能为一些重要的环境威胁提供解决方案)”可知，作者对于追踪鱼卵的态度是积极的。故选C。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了什么是安慰剂效应。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“It describes what happens when something that should have no effect triggers a real, positive change in someone’s body.”（它描述的是当一些本不应该有影响的事情触发了某人身体的真正的、积极的变化时所发生的事情。）和第四段中“At times a person may feel better after taking a placebo pill, even though the pill did not act on any disease or symptoms.”（有时，服用安慰剂后，人可能会感觉更好，即使这种药丸对任何疾病或症状都没有作用。）可知，服用标有安眠药的维生素片后迅速入睡是一种安慰剂效应，故选D。
9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Doctors call it the placebo effect. It describes what happens when something that should have no effect triggers a real, positive change in someone’s body.”（医生称之为安慰剂效应。它描述的是当一些本不应该有影响的事情触发了某人身体的真正的、积极的变化时所发生的事情。）可知，这篇文章介绍什么是安慰剂效应，故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。文章前三段通过举例子的方式引出主题，即什么是安慰剂效应；根据第四段“Placebos are a very important part of medical research.”（安慰剂是医学研究上很重要的一部分）可知，从第四段开始讲述安慰剂的功效，即“Power of Placebos”，故选A。
2022届浙江省绍兴市高三4月高考科目考试适应性试卷(二模)英语试题 （解析版）
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述并介绍了一个历史爱好者的典型群体，并对其工作等方面进行了详细介绍。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Volunteers must pay for their transportation and they will face many challenges. The work takes time, patience and often muscle strength. Besides, the ground may be hard and the sun may be hot.(志愿者必须支付他们的交通费用，他们将面临许多挑战。这项工作需要时间、耐心和肌肉力量。此外，地面可能是坚硬的，太阳可能是热的)”以及文章倒数第二段“I tend to think we attract people who think they want a cross-cultural experience(我倾向于认为我们吸引的是那些想要跨文化体验的人)”可知，这次挖掘是一次充满挑战但意义深远的旅程。故选C。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“And one typical group to be introduced today are history lovers.(今天要介绍的一个典型群体是历史爱好者)”及后文对历史的爱好者在以色列的考古挖掘的工作以及面临的挑战进行具体介绍可知，作者写这篇文章是为了介绍历史爱好者的志愿者工作。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“And one typical group to be introduced today are history lovers.(今天要介绍的一个典型群体是历史爱好者)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了一个历史爱好者的典型群体，更贴合新闻报道类的文章。故选B。
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述并介绍了一个研究人员在珊瑚应对气候变化的能力方面的调查研究。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The scientists say climate change linked to human causes has led to warming oceans that can harm sea life.(科学家们说，与人类活动有关的气候变化导致海洋变暖，从而危害海洋生物)”和第四段“They are now centering on those healthy survivors and hoping to further increase their resistance to heat. Those corals were used as the parents for the newly created kinds.(他们现在集中在那些健康的幸存者身上，希望能进一步增强他们对高温的抵抗力。这些珊瑚被用作新种类的父母)”可知，科学家们指出人类导致的气候变化使海洋变暖，海水气温升高这可能会危害海洋生物。所以，为了繁育出更坚固且健康的珊瑚，需要选择更耐热的珊瑚父母植株。故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“This causes them to turn white, a process called bleaching. When his happens, corals can quickly become sick and die.(这导致它们变成白色，这个过程叫做漂白，当它发生时，珊瑚很快就会生病死亡)”可知，漂白这一现象会导致珊瑚病变且死亡。由此推知，珊瑚数量会减少。故选B。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“For the past five years, researchers in Hawaii and Australia have been engineering corals (珊瑚) inside a lab to see if they could better resist the effects of climate change.(在过去的五年里，夏威夷和澳大利亚的研究人员一直在实验室里设计珊瑚，看看它们是否能更好地抵御气候变化的影响)”可知，文章主要侧重强调气温升高对于珊瑚生长的不利影响和为了解决这一问题在实验室里所进行的研究。故选D。
【答案】27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了对孩子而言培养自控力的重要性以及身为家长应该怎么做。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的主要内容，尤其“Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important for success later in life.”(教导自我控制是父母可以为孩子做的最重要的事情之一，因为这些技能对于以后的生活取得成功是最重要的)可知，本段主要讲述自控力对于孩子来说会对他们未来的成功很重要，故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences.”(相反，要坚持不懈，实事求是。在孩子崩溃期间，保持冷静并解释大喊大叫、发脾气和摔门是不可接受的行为，这些行为会产生后果)可知，家长需要坚持，持续不断的教育孩子自控的重要性，此外，家长需要就事论事，从实际角度考虑，故选A。
【29题详解】
猜测句意题。根据文章第三段，“Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences.”(相反，要坚持不懈，实事求是。在孩子崩溃期间，保持冷静并解释大喊大叫、发脾气和摔门是不可接受的行为，这些行为会产生后果。)以及“if your child gets, upset in the grocery store after you’ve explained why you won't buy candy, don’t give in – thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and ineffective.”(例如，如果你的孩子在你解释了你不买糖果的原因后在杂货店生气，不要屈服——这表明发脾气既不可接受又无效)可知，我们想要孩子知道的是，发脾气不被外人接受，也对你手头的事情没有任何的帮助。由此猜测，划线句子意为“发脾气对孩子没有好处”。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，“And model good self-control yourself.”（塑造你自己的自控力）可知，这一段在讲作为家长，我们也需要塑造自己的自控力，在孩子面前做好榜样，即好榜样是最好的说教。故选B。
2022届浙江省温州市普通高中高考适应性测试（二模）英语试题（解析版）
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了50岁的Adnan，像许多家庭中的妈妈一样，承担着育儿的重任及其中的各种艰辛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I had the fairytale of what I'd be like as a dad.When our first child was born, I had images of all this stuff we'd do together. It didn't include pictures of sleepless nights, or every item of clothing being covered in snot and yoghurt. (我有一个当父亲的童话。当我们的第一个孩子出生时，我想象着我们一起做的事情。它不包括不眠之夜的照片，也不包括每一件沾满鼻涕和酸奶的衣服。)”可知，Adnan的“fairytale”与育儿有关，而且不是关于日夜不眠的照顾等令人心烦的事情，说明Adnan 乐在其中。D选项“享受父母的奇妙角色”符合文意，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“He also says it doesn't get any easier with more children, because each child will have a different personality requiring different methods of parenting. (他还说，孩子越多越难，因为每个孩子都有不同的个性，需要不同的教育方法。)”可知，因为孩子的个性不同，育儿方式也不同，需要因材施教。C选项“为孩子量身定制合适的育儿方式”符合文意，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“ he still finds it hard to shake the fairytale that is firmly in his head, compared with which he always comes up short. (他仍然发现很难摆脱牢牢印在他脑海中的童话，相比之下，他总是达不到。)”可知，他发现现实与他想象的童话中的育儿是有差距的。以及“The continuous refereeing (调解) and the delegate decision-making go beyond anything I've done in the workplace(持续的调节和授权决策超越了我在工作场所所做的任何事情)”可知，育儿并不是一件容易的事情。D选项“他发现当一个好爸爸是极具挑战性的”符合文意，故选D。
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了飞机引擎排放的废气与冷空气相遇时形成的冰晶构成的飞机尾迹以及它的温室效应。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“But the contrails also stop heat coming up from the ground
from escaping into space. It is reflected back down toward the ground. (但是飞机尾迹也阻止来自地面的热量逃往太空,它被反射回了地面)”可知，代词it 指的是来自地面的热量。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Stettler, an engineer from Imperial College London, says, on balance, contrails warm the atmosphere more than they cool it. (伦敦帝国理工学院的工程师Stettler说，总的来说，飞机尾迹使大气变暖多于变冷)”和第三段“This process allows contrails to warm the planet about as much as the carbon dioxide emissions from aircraft.(这个过程使得飞机尾迹使地球变暖的程度相当于飞机排放的二氧化碳)”可知，飞机尾迹会导致气候变暖。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句话“But what if the contrails that contribute the most to warming could be got rid of (但是如果对气候变暖贡献最大的飞机尾迹可以被消除会怎样？)”可推断，下一段会承接上文，继续讲消除飞机尾迹的方法。D选项“消除尾迹的一种可能方法。”与之相符，故选D。
【答案】7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了墨西哥科学家Laura Cuaya经过研究发现，狗可以区分不同的语言。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“When Mexican scientist of the evolution of animal behavior, Laura Cuaya, moved to Hungary for her postdoctoral studies in Budapest, she brought her pet dog, Kun-kun, along for the ride. Cuaya couldn't help noticing how locals warmed to dogs. This prompted her naturally curious scientific mind to start asking questions. “Here people are talking all the time to Kun-kun, but I always wonder if Kun-kun can recognize that people in Budapest speak Hungarian, not Spanish ” So she set out to find an answer through a scientific study.(当研究动物行为进化的墨西哥科学家Laura Cuaya去匈牙利布达佩