2022届北京市部分区高三英语二模试题汇编：七选五（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2022届北京市部分区高三英语二模试题汇编：七选五（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 160.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-01-05 11:07:15 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2022届北京市部分区高三英语二模试题分类汇编
七选五
2022届北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we feel exhausted, our brains want to save mental energy by directing our focus to the most readily available, recallable information to help us make decisions quickly. We often do the thing that feels right, or rush to judgment without proper consideration. ___35___ It’s the reason why if you speak Spanish, it’s much easier to learn Italian than Japanese. It’s also why many people think two single dollar bills are more valuable than a single two-dollar bill.
___36___ Or, we are willing to move toward things that make us feel good and away from things that make us feel uncomfortable.
Yet, we know hard actions can bring benefits -ones that may not be visible for some time. ___37___ Maybe we do this because we have an insight or a requirement from doctor. When we go for that initial run, it doesn’t feel good. Neither does the run after that. Our muscles hurt. The money we’ve spent on the new hobby causes friction in our household. It continues to signal the reasons we should go back to the way it was before.
So, how do we do hard things when our brains are constantly telling us to avoid effort
___38___ A2016 study found that when people are upset, they’ re less likely to try to do hard things. When they’re feeling upbeat, they’re more likely to take on the hard-but-essential tasks that ultimately make life better.
Give our brains the right amount of autonomy. When we have a choice, our brains often want something easy. ___39___
Doing things that feel uncomfortable and liking hard work can seem counterintuitive(反直觉的). But by understanding what’s going on in your brain, instead of depending on your first feeling, you can work toward completing hard things and manage your fears better.
A. Think about starting a new exercise routine.
B. Tackle hard things when we’re in a good mood.
C. Accomplish hard things by having the supports of others.
D. The result is that many of us tend to do what simply feels right.
E. The brain does this because it’s much easier to process existing ideas than new ones.
F. But there are still some people keeping with it to the end regardless of these difficulties.
G. But we can reduce that response by challenging ourselves to be innovative and provide motives.
2022届北京市东城区高三下学期综合练习（二）（二模）英语试题 （解析版）
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Picture this: you’ve just settled into your workday and pulled up that big report you need to finish, when a friend sends you a couple of celebrity videos on WeChat. ____35____ And then the next thing you know, an hour has gone by while that big report sits, ignored, on your desk. So how does that happen
To understand this, we conducted a series of studies with 6,445 people. Through this research, we identified three factors: the amount of media the person has already viewed, the similarity of the media they’ve viewed, and the manner in which they viewed the media.
We found the order and types of content we consume can affect our decision to keep consuming similar content. But what drives this effect ____36____ When something feels more accessible, it becomes easier to process, leading us to enjoy it more.
These results also explain why it’s so easy to get distracted by apps on social media at work. ____37____ They offer bite-sized content that makes it easy to quickly consume several videos in a row. They often automatically suggest similar content, and many of them even automatically start playing similar videos, reducing the potential for interruptions.
____38____ To fight the pull, make an effort to just watch one video. If you really want to watch multiple in a row, choose videos that seem unrelated. You can also use a social media timer that urges you to take a break after a certain amount of time, or even just consciously remind yourself to consume different kinds of content.
So, if you’re struggling to climb out of a rabbit hole, try to find ways to reduce the similarity, repetitiveness, and relatedness of the content you’re consuming. ____39____ Once you manage to break free, you’ll be back at that big report in no time.
A. It can be difficult, but it’s not impossible.
B. You figure you’ll just take a few minutes to watch them.
C. Accessibility refers to how familiar a given kind of content feels.
D. These platforms are designed to trap viewers in a social media rabbit hole.
E. Prior research suggests that the three factors all increase the accessibility of similar media.
F. The good news is, a better understanding of the problem can give us the tools to escape it.
G. This will become a problem if it keeps you from doing the things you actually want to be doing.
2022届北京市丰台区高三下学期二模英语试卷（解析版）
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How many times have you wondered about how much better things might have been if the younger you had made different decisions Or, have you breathed a sigh of relief when you recognize that one of your lucky choices ended up much better off than you might have been, if things had gone a different way
____35____It is the birthplace of emotions such as regret, gratitude, and guilt. Picturing an alternative outcome to what has actually happened in one’s life holds an irresistible appeal, even when it leads to unhappiness. It is therefore not surprising that it has become a hot topic of research in social psychology.
Counterfactual thinking often plays out in real-time on national television after a natural disaster.____36____ The victims are usually shaken and highly emotional, and they have often lost everything that they owned. And yet, we commonly hear them use words such as “lucky” or “grateful” to describe their feelings.
____37____ If the person had really been lucky, wouldn’t they still have a house and have been spared from all of the grief they must now endure Some psychologists have argued that one of the benefits of counterfactual thinking is that it can be an effective tool for making us more resilient (迅速复苏的). ____38____ That paves the way for positive emotions that might help them through a very dark time in their lives.
Counterfactual thinking is simply part of who we are. ____39____ Many psychologists believe that it exists to helps us crystallize (变明确) the goals that are most important to us and to improve our ability to wisely choose future courses of action.
A. At first glance, this response does not make much sense.
B. This type of mental “what-ifism” is called counterfactual thinking.
C. Even though it sometimes makes us sad, it can also do us some good.
D. The imagination of a life has been the inspiration for dozens of movies.
E. News reporters frequently interview survivors who have barely escaped with their lives.
F. The more important the event is, the more intense our counterfactual thinking about it will be.
G. The mind of the counterfactual thinker can easily imagine circumstances that would have been even worse.
2022届北京市顺义区高三第二次统练英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you need to find a solution to a design problem, you could ask yourself, “What animals or plants face a similar problem in their lives, and how do they handle it ”____35____ Termites (白蚁) in Africa control the temperature and air currents in their nests by having thick walls and air spaces in the top part. The Eastgate Centre in Harare, Zimbabwe was designed in a similar way, with thick overhangs shading the windows, and all the offices connected to a big chimney letting hot air escape. This allows it to stay cool while using much less air-conditioning.____36____
Engineer Nakatsu also asked himself the same question.____37____ A keen birdwatcher, Nakatsu realised that kingfishers also experience an abrupt pressure change when diving into the water, but their beaks allow them to pierce through the water smoothly. His team found that putting a long, pointed nose on the train greatly reduced the loud booms in the tunnel and allowed it to run faster.
Having a big picture of the world we live in also helps us understand how technology can be used to protect instead of destroy it.____38____ On the other hand, plastic packaging creates a lot of waste and pollution. One company has come up with an alternative material made of com husk waste and some big companies are starting to use it.
____39____ Nakatsu worries that children today do not have the opportunity to touch and feel nature. He advises that students in university should study more than one narrow field so that they do not just have one fixed way of thinking.
A. In nature, everything gets recycled.
B. To mimic (模仿) nature, we must be familiar with it.
C. It turns out that natural beauty often has a logical reason behind it.
D. Large cities full of people are often compared to ants’ colonies (群).
E. This idea was used to arrange hundreds of mirrors at a solar power plant.
F. It could be a good solution for the hot and crowded cities in Southeast Asia too.
G. His problem was that the pressure from a bullet train rushing into a tunnel at high speed caused loud noises.
2022届北京市西城区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Usually when someone is disgusted by something, he feels it is unpleasant and stays away from it, so disgust mostly protects people from getting sick. However, getting a little dirty can have its advantages. Studies show that kids under age one who physically interact with a dog will have a 13% reduction in the likelihood of developing asthma, a breathing problem.
In the late 1860s, Charles Darwin proposed that being disgusted could have a developmental purpose. ____35____ He guessed that the early humans most likely to feel disgusted survived to pass on their genes (基因), while the more nutritionally daring died off.
____36____ It wasn’t until the early 1990s, a time when gameshows eagerly slimed contestants, that disgust got more attention in psychological and behavioral research. Since then, scientists have identified different types of disgust and have explored how they affect the way we behave.
The research shows that Darwin was basically right: disgust is a major part of the behavioral immune system that protects people from disease, a collection of actions influenced by some of the most natural reactions that keep our bodies in superior condition. We already know that not all germs (病菌) are bad for us. ____37____ Science also tells us that getting a bit dirty helps people more readily fight disease.
“Disgust is associated with fewer infections, so it is a helpful emotion in disease-relevant contexts,” says Joshua Ackerman, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Michigan. However, he says it can be a double-edged sword. ____38____ And some of those things could actually improve our health.
____39____ Disgust is part of society’s balance. Too little, and we might get sick. Too much of it can harm our health. Figuring out this complex problem could help researchers understand a variety of human behaviors.
A. They work with our body to maintain a balance.
B. They were quite certain that being disgusted could benefit people.
C. Nobody is quite sure whether disgust is a positive or negative thing.
D. For many years afterward, though, scientists didn’t pay much attention to disgust.
E. What he means is that it’s also associated with dislike for unfamiliar things, like food.
F. Disgust became advanced to prevent our ancestors from eating spoiled food that might kill them.
G. Researchers across fields continue to explore disgust so we can better understand our world and ourselves.
答案：
2022届北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
【答案】35. E 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了一种现象：我们的大脑总是倾向于遵循惯用思维和直觉、喜欢做出省事、让自己舒适的选择。但生活中总有些行之不易却大有裨益的事情，文章就如何克服大脑的惰性做好困难的事情给出了建议。
【35题详解】
空白前句指出“We often do the thing that feels right, or rush to judgment without proper consideration.(我们往往会做感觉正确的事，或是不经过合理的考虑就匆匆下了结论)”即经验和惯有思维会影响我们的判断，E选项“大脑会这样做是因为处理已有的想法比处理新想法容易得多”中的does this正是指代前句中的行为，且符合后句所举的学过西班牙语的人再学意大利语要更容易这一例子的理由。故选E项。
【36题详解】
空白后句以Or开头，表达了“we are willing to move toward things that make us feel good and away from things that make us feel uncomfortable.(我们愿意去做让自己感觉良好的事，而远离那些让自己不适的事情)”，这显然是与上一段文意顺承的，Or应作“或者”理解，即对空白句的另一种解释。D选项“结果就是我们许多人都倾向于直觉上正确的事”顺承前文给出论点，且与后句表达含义一致。故选D项。
【37题详解】
空白前句指出“Yet, we know hard actions can bring benefits -ones that may not be visible for some time.(不过，我们知道困难的行动会带来好处——这些好处可能短时间看不出来)”，A选项“想想开始一个新的锻炼日常”符合hard actions，且与下一句解释的“这样做是因为对自身的理解或是来自医生的要求”也是相符的。故选A项。
【38题详解】
本段与下一段都是针对“how do we do hard things when our brains are constantly telling us to avoid effort (当大脑不断地告诉我们不要努力时如何做好困难的事)”给出的建议。空白作为段首句，后面两句指出“A 2016 study found that when people are upset, they’ re less likely to try to do hard things. When they’re feeling upbeat, they’re more likely to take on the hard-but-essential tasks that ultimately make life better. (2016年的一项研究发现当人们情绪低落时，不太可能会尝试做困难的事。当他们感到积极向上时，更有可能承担那些困难但重要的任务，最终会让生活变得更好)”，言下之意即困难的事务更适合在情绪良好时去完成，这与B选项“当你情绪良好时，去处理困难的事务”表达的含义相符。故选B项。
【39题详解】
本段与下一段都是针对“how do we do hard things when our brains are constantly telling us to avoid effort (当大脑不断地告诉我们不要努力时如何做好困难的事)”给出的建议。前两句指出“Give our brains the right amount of autonomy. When we have a choice, our brains often want something easy.(给我们的大脑一定的自主权。当我们要作出选择时，我们的大脑往往会想要简单些的)”，G选项“但我们可以通过挑战自我减少这种反应，从而变得更有创意、更富动力”与前文构成转折，其中的that response呼应前文大脑的反应，符合针对做好困难的事给出的建议。故选G项。
2022届北京市东城区高三下学期综合练习（二）（二模）英语试题 （解析版）
【答案】35. B 36. E 37. D 38. F 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们已经观看的媒体数量，他们观看的媒体的相似性，以及他们观看媒体的方式三种因素增加了媒体的可及性，从而导致人们更加容易沉迷社交媒体中。文章对此提出了相关方法。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Picture this: you’ve just settled into your workday and pulled up that big report you need to finish, when a friend sends you a couple of celebrity videos on WeChat.(想象一下这样的场景：你刚刚进入工作状态，拿出要完成的重要报告，这时一个朋友在微信上给你发了几段名人视频)”以及后文“And then the next thing you know, an hour has gone by while that big report sits, ignored, on your desk. So how does that happen (然后你知道的下一件事是，一个小时过去了，那份重要的报告被忽视在你的桌子上。这是怎么发生的呢？)”可知，上文提到了一个朋友在微信上给你发了几段名人视频，后文则说花费了一个小时在看视频上，可见本句是在说明一开始认为观看这些视频需要的时间。故B选项“你觉得你只需要几分钟就能看完。”符合语境，故选B。
【36题详解】
根据第二段“To understand this, we conducted a series of studies with 6,445 people. Through this research, we identified three factors: the amount of media the person has already viewed, the similarity of the media they’ve viewed, and the manner in which they viewed the media.(为了理解这一点，我们对6445人进行了一系列研究。通过这项研究，我们确定了三个因素：人们已经观看的媒体数量，他们观看的媒体的相似性，以及他们观看媒体的方式)”以及上文“We found the order and types of content we consume can affect our decision to keep consuming similar content. But what drives this effect (我们发现，我们消费内容的顺序和类型会影响我们继续消费类似内容的决定。但是是什么导致了这种结果呢？)”可知，第二段提到了三种因素，上文设问是什么导致了这种结果，可知本句旨在说明这一问题的答案：这三个因素都增加了类似媒体的可及性。故E选项“之前的研究表明，这三个因素都增加了类似媒体的可及性。”符合语境，E选项中的“accessibility”呼应下文“When something feels more accessible, it becomes easier to process, leading us to enjoy it more.(当一些东西感觉更容易接近时，它就会变得更容易处理，让我们更享受它)”中的“accessible”。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据上文“These results also explain why it’s so easy to get distracted by apps on social media at work.(这些结果也解释了为什么工作时很容易被社交媒体上的应用程序分心)”以及后文“They offer bite-sized content that makes it easy to quickly consume several videos in a row. They often automatically suggest similar content, and many of them even automatically start playing similar videos, reducing the potential for interruptions.(他们提供小尺寸的内容，使它很容易快速地连续观看几个视频。它们通常会自动推荐类似的内容，其中许多甚至会自动开始播放类似的视频，从而减少了被打断的可能性)”可知，后文的内容表明，平台通过推荐短小的视频，来将观众困在了社交媒体中。故D选项“这些平台旨在把观众困在社交媒体的兔子洞里。”符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据后文“To fight the pull, make an effort to just watch one video. If you really want to watch multiple in a row, choose videos that seem unrelated. You can also use a social media timer that urges you to take a break after a certain amount of time, or even just consciously remind yourself to consume different kinds of content.(为了对抗拉力，努力只看一个视频。如果你真的想连续看多个视频，那就选择一些看起来不相关的视频。你也可以使用社交媒体计时器，敦促你在一定的时间后休息一下，或甚至只是有意识地提醒自己阅读不同类型的内容)”可知，后文主要说明了将观看这些视频作为一种提醒自己的工具，故F选项“好消息是，更好地理解这个问题可以给我们提供逃避它的工具。”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“So, if you’re struggling to climb out of a rabbit hole, try to find ways to reduce the similarity, repetitiveness, and relatedness of the content you’re consuming.(所以，如果你正挣扎着从兔子洞里爬出来，试着找到减少你所消费内容的相似性、重复性和相关性的方法)”以及后文“Once you manage to break free, you’ll be back at that big report in no time.(一旦你设法挣脱，你很快就会回到那个大报告)”可知，上文提到试着找到减少你所消费内容的相似性、重复性和相关性的方法，后文则说从中设法挣脱了出来，可知本句旨在说明上文提到的方法虽然困难，但也不是完全不可能。故A选项“这可能很难，但也不是不可能。”符合语境，故选A。
2022届北京市丰台区高三下学期二模英语试卷（解析版）
【答案】35. B 36. E 37. A 38. G 39. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在生活中，人们总是会反事实思维，总在想如果当时选择了另一个选项会是怎样呢？心理学家认为反事实思维对我们的生活是有益的，能够帮助我们更明智地选择未来的方向。
【35题详解】
根据下文“It is the birthplace of emotions such as regret, gratitude, and guilt. (它是后悔、感激和内疚等情绪的发源地)”中出现了“it”，说明上文是提及了一个概念或者一个内容。选项B“This type of mental “what-ifism” is called counterfactual thinking.(这种心理上的“如果论”被称为反事实思维)”既和第一段呼应，指出第一段中的“如果论”，又直接引出本文的关键词“counterfactual thinking”，也就是空后的“it”。故选B。
【36题详解】
根据下文“The victims are usually shaken and highly emotional, and they have often lost everything that they owned. And yet, we commonly hear them use words such as “lucky” or “grateful" to describe their feelings. (受害者通常浑身颤抖和高度情绪化，他们往往失去了他们所拥有的一切。然而，我们经常听到他们用“幸运”或“感激”这样的词来描述自己的感受)”中提到了受害者，并且提到了他们的话，由此可推断是有人在采访他们。选项E“News reporters frequently interview survivors who have barely escaped with their lives.(新闻记者经常采访那些死里逃生的幸存者)”引出下文这些人的话，符合文意。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据上文“And yet, we commonly hear them use words such as “lucky” or “grateful" to describe their feelings. (然而，我们经常听到他们用“幸运”或“感激”这样的词来描述自己的感受)”可知，幸存者在接受采访。选项A“At first glance, this response does not make much sense.(乍一看，这种反应毫无依据)”中的“response”和上文一致，同时引出下文。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Some psychologists have argued that one of the benefits of counterfactual thinking is that it can be an effective tool for making us more resilient (迅速复苏的).(一些心理学家认为，反事实思维的好处之一是，它可以成为让我们更快复苏的有效工具)”可知，这里指的是反事实思维的好处。选项G“The mind of the counterfactual thinker can easily imagine circumstances that would have been even worse.(反事实思考者的头脑很容易想象出更糟糕的情况)”既分析了受害者为什么会说自己幸运，又引出下文“That paves the way for positive emotions that might help them through a very dark time in their lives.(这为积极情绪铺平了道路，可能会帮助他们度过生命中非常黑暗的一段时间)”，再次强调了反事实思维的好处。故选G。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Many psychologists believe that it exists to helps us crystallize (变明确) the goals that are most important to us and to improve our ability to wisely choose future courses of action.(许多心理学家认为它的存在是为了帮助我们明确对我们最重要的目标，并提高我们明智地选择未来行动路线的能力)”可知，这里介绍了反事实思维对我们的益处。选项C“Even though it sometimes makes us sad, it can also do us some good.(尽管有时它会让我们悲伤，但它也能给我们带来一些好处)”与下文内容一致。故选C。
2022届北京市顺义区高三第二次统练英语试题（解析版）
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以从大自然中吸取灵感，以便用更环保的方式解决我们所面临的问题。
【35题详解】
根据上文“When you need to find a solution to a design problem, you could ask yourself, “What animals or plants face a similar problem in their lives, and how do they handle it ”(当你需要找到一个设计问题的解决方案时，你可以问自己，‘哪些动物或植物在生活中面临类似的问题，它们如何处理？’)”和下文“Termites (白蚁) in Africa control the temperature and air currents in their nests by having thick walls and air spaces in the top part.(非洲的白蚁通过在其巢穴顶部有厚壁和空气空间来控制温度和气流)”可知，上文提出遇到设计问题时可以想象面临类似问题的动植物，下文则提到了非洲白蚁巢穴的特点。由此推知，空处内容应与建筑和蚂蚁相关。D项“人口众多的大城市经常被比作蚂蚁的聚居地”符合题意，开启下文，ants呼应下文termites。故选D。
【36题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“The Eastgate Centre in Harare, Zimbabwe was designed in a similar way, with thick overhangs shading the windows, and all the offices connected to a big chimney letting hot air escape. This allows it to stay cool while using much less air-conditioning. (津巴布韦哈拉雷的Eastgate中心也采用了类似的设计方法，厚实的悬架遮蔽窗户，所有的办公室都连接到一个大烟囱，让热空气逸出。这使得它在使用更少的空调的同时保持凉爽)”可知，这种类似白蚁巢穴的设计适用于炎热地带的城市。由此推知，空处继续陈述这种设计的应用。F项“对于东南亚炎热拥挤的城市来说，这也是一个很好的解决方案”符合题意，also表明上下文的并列关系。故选F。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Engineer Nakatsu also asked himself the same question. (工程师Nakatsu也问了自己同样的问题)”推知，空处应指出Nakatsu面临的问题是什么。G项“他的问题是高速行驶的高速列车冲进隧道时产生的压力会产生巨大的噪音”符合题意，problem是关键词，选项中的his指代Nakatsu。故选G。
【38题详解】
根据下文“On the other hand, plastic packaging creates a lot of waste and pollution. (另一方面，塑料包装制造了许多浪费和污染)”中的on the other hand推知，空处内容与下文形成对照，即空处陈述环保的一方面。A项“在自然界，一切都是循环利用的”符合题意。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Nakatsu worries that children today do not have the opportunity to touch and feel nature. He advises that students in university should study more than one narrow field so that they do not just have one fixed way of thinking. (Nakatsu担心今天的孩子没有机会触摸和感受大自然。他建议大学里的学生应该学习不止一个狭窄的领域，这样他们就不会只有一种固定的思维方式)”可知，Nakatsu建议孩子们多接触自然，这样就可以熟悉自然，并从中学习一些解决问题的方法。B项“要模仿自然，我们必须熟悉它”符合题意，nature是关键词。故选B。
2022届北京市西城区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
【答案】35. F 36. D 37. A 38. E 39. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述厌恶感有时候也是有好处的。
【35题详解】
根据上文“In the late 1860s, Charles Darwin proposed that being disgusted could have a developmental purpose. (在19世纪60年代后期，查尔斯·达尔文提出，厌恶可能有一个发展的目的)”可知，这里提到达尔文提出，厌恶可能有一个发展的目的，所以接下来，文章就要提到发展的目的是什么。选项F“为了防止我们的祖先食用可能会杀死他们的变质食物，厌恶感变得更加严重。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
【36题详解】
根据下文“It wasn’t until the early 1990s, a time when gameshows eagerly slimed contestants, that disgust got more attention in psychological and behavioral research. (直到20世纪90年代早期，当时运动员们热切地向选手们展示瘦身，厌恶感才在心理学和行为学研究中得到更多关注)”可知，在20世纪90年代之前，厌恶感并没有得到太多关注。选项D“然而，之后的很多年里，科学家们并没有注意到厌恶感。”和下文意思一致。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文“We already know that not all germs (病菌) are bad for us. (我们已经知道，并不是所有的病菌对我们来说但是坏的)”可知，接下来要提到有些病菌是好的。选项A“它们和我们的身体一起工作，以保持平衡。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“However, he says it can be a double-edged sword. (然而，他说，它可能是把双刃剑)”可知，接下来要解释他说是双刃剑指的是什么。选项E“他的意思是，这也与不喜欢不熟悉的东西有关，比如食物。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Figuring out this complex problem could help researchers understand a variety of human behaviors. (弄清楚这个复杂的问题可以帮助研究人员理解人类的各种行为)”可知，这里提到很多研究人员在一起研究厌恶感，就是为了更好的理解人类的各种行为，最终可以更好的理解世界和我们人类自己。选项G“各个领域的研究人员继续研究厌恶感，这样我们就能更好地理解我们的世界和我们自己。”和下文意思一致。故选G。
七选五
2022届北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we feel exhausted, our brains want to save mental energy by directing our focus to the most readily available, recallable information to help us make decisions quickly. We often do the thing that feels right, or rush to judgment without proper consideration. ___35___ It’s the reason why if you speak Spanish, it’s much easier to learn Italian than Japanese. It’s also why many people think two single dollar bills are more valuable than a single two-dollar bill.
___36___ Or, we are willing to move toward things that make us feel good and away from things that make us feel uncomfortable.
Yet, we know hard actions can bring benefits -ones that may not be visible for some time. ___37___ Maybe we do this because we have an insight or a requirement from doctor. When we go for that initial run, it doesn’t feel good. Neither does the run after that. Our muscles hurt. The money we’ve spent on the new hobby causes friction in our household. It continues to signal the reasons we should go back to the way it was before.
So, how do we do hard things when our brains are constantly telling us to avoid effort
___38___ A2016 study found that when people are upset, they’ re less likely to try to do hard things. When they’re feeling upbeat, they’re more likely to take on the hard-but-essential tasks that ultimately make life better.
Give our brains the right amount of autonomy. When we have a choice, our brains often want something easy. ___39___
Doing things that feel uncomfortable and liking hard work can seem counterintuitive(反直觉的). But by understanding what’s going on in your brain, instead of depending on your first feeling, you can work toward completing hard things and manage your fears better.
A. Think about starting a new exercise routine.
B. Tackle hard things when we’re in a good mood.
C. Accomplish hard things by having the supports of others.
D. The result is that many of us tend to do what simply feels right.
E. The brain does this because it’s much easier to process existing ideas than new ones.
F. But there are still some people keeping with it to the end regardless of these difficulties.
G. But we can reduce that response by challenging ourselves to be innovative and provide motives.
2022届北京市东城区高三下学期综合练习（二）（二模）英语试题 （解析版）
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Picture this: you’ve just settled into your workday and pulled up that big report you need to finish, when a friend sends you a couple of celebrity videos on WeChat. ____35____ And then the next thing you know, an hour has gone by while that big report sits, ignored, on your desk. So how does that happen
To understand this, we conducted a series of studies with 6,445 people. Through this research, we identified three factors: the amount of media the person has already viewed, the similarity of the media they’ve viewed, and the manner in which they viewed the media.
We found the order and types of content we consume can affect our decision to keep consuming similar content. But what drives this effect ____36____ When something feels more accessible, it becomes easier to process, leading us to enjoy it more.
These results also explain why it’s so easy to get distracted by apps on social media at work. ____37____ They offer bite-sized content that makes it easy to quickly consume several videos in a row. They often automatically suggest similar content, and many of them even automatically start playing similar videos, reducing the potential for interruptions.
____38____ To fight the pull, make an effort to just watch one video. If you really want to watch multiple in a row, choose videos that seem unrelated. You can also use a social media timer that urges you to take a break after a certain amount of time, or even just consciously remind yourself to consume different kinds of content.
So, if you’re struggling to climb out of a rabbit hole, try to find ways to reduce the similarity, repetitiveness, and relatedness of the content you’re consuming. ____39____ Once you manage to break free, you’ll be back at that big report in no time.
A. It can be difficult, but it’s not impossible.
B. You figure you’ll just take a few minutes to watch them.
C. Accessibility refers to how familiar a given kind of content feels.
D. These platforms are designed to trap viewers in a social media rabbit hole.
E. Prior research suggests that the three factors all increase the accessibility of similar media.
F. The good news is, a better understanding of the problem can give us the tools to escape it.
G. This will become a problem if it keeps you from doing the things you actually want to be doing.
2022届北京市丰台区高三下学期二模英语试卷（解析版）
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How many times have you wondered about how much better things might have been if the younger you had made different decisions Or, have you breathed a sigh of relief when you recognize that one of your lucky choices ended up much better off than you might have been, if things had gone a different way
____35____It is the birthplace of emotions such as regret, gratitude, and guilt. Picturing an alternative outcome to what has actually happened in one’s life holds an irresistible appeal, even when it leads to unhappiness. It is therefore not surprising that it has become a hot topic of research in social psychology.
Counterfactual thinking often plays out in real-time on national television after a natural disaster.____36____ The victims are usually shaken and highly emotional, and they have often lost everything that they owned. And yet, we commonly hear them use words such as “lucky” or “grateful” to describe their feelings.
____37____ If the person had really been lucky, wouldn’t they still have a house and have been spared from all of the grief they must now endure Some psychologists have argued that one of the benefits of counterfactual thinking is that it can be an effective tool for making us more resilient (迅速复苏的). ____38____ That paves the way for positive emotions that might help them through a very dark time in their lives.
Counterfactual thinking is simply part of who we are. ____39____ Many psychologists believe that it exists to helps us crystallize (变明确) the goals that are most important to us and to improve our ability to wisely choose future courses of action.
A. At first glance, this response does not make much sense.
B. This type of mental “what-ifism” is called counterfactual thinking.
C. Even though it sometimes makes us sad, it can also do us some good.
D. The imagination of a life has been the inspiration for dozens of movies.
E. News reporters frequently interview survivors who have barely escaped with their lives.
F. The more important the event is, the more intense our counterfactual thinking about it will be.
G. The mind of the counterfactual thinker can easily imagine circumstances that would have been even worse.
2022届北京市顺义区高三第二次统练英语试题（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you need to find a solution to a design problem, you could ask yourself, “What animals or plants face a similar problem in their lives, and how do they handle it ”____35____ Termites (白蚁) in Africa control the temperature and air currents in their nests by having thick walls and air spaces in the top part. The Eastgate Centre in Harare, Zimbabwe was designed in a similar way, with thick overhangs shading the windows, and all the offices connected to a big chimney letting hot air escape. This allows it to stay cool while using much less air-conditioning.____36____
Engineer Nakatsu also asked himself the same question.____37____ A keen birdwatcher, Nakatsu realised that kingfishers also experience an abrupt pressure change when diving into the water, but their beaks allow them to pierce through the water smoothly. His team found that putting a long, pointed nose on the train greatly reduced the loud booms in the tunnel and allowed it to run faster.
Having a big picture of the world we live in also helps us understand how technology can be used to protect instead of destroy it.____38____ On the other hand, plastic packaging creates a lot of waste and pollution. One company has come up with an alternative material made of com husk waste and some big companies are starting to use it.
____39____ Nakatsu worries that children today do not have the opportunity to touch and feel nature. He advises that students in university should study more than one narrow field so that they do not just have one fixed way of thinking.
A. In nature, everything gets recycled.
B. To mimic (模仿) nature, we must be familiar with it.
C. It turns out that natural beauty often has a logical reason behind it.
D. Large cities full of people are often compared to ants’ colonies (群).
E. This idea was used to arrange hundreds of mirrors at a solar power plant.
F. It could be a good solution for the hot and crowded cities in Southeast Asia too.
G. His problem was that the pressure from a bullet train rushing into a tunnel at high speed caused loud noises.
2022届北京市西城区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Usually when someone is disgusted by something, he feels it is unpleasant and stays away from it, so disgust mostly protects people from getting sick. However, getting a little dirty can have its advantages. Studies show that kids under age one who physically interact with a dog will have a 13% reduction in the likelihood of developing asthma, a breathing problem.
In the late 1860s, Charles Darwin proposed that being disgusted could have a developmental purpose. ____35____ He guessed that the early humans most likely to feel disgusted survived to pass on their genes (基因), while the more nutritionally daring died off.
____36____ It wasn’t until the early 1990s, a time when gameshows eagerly slimed contestants, that disgust got more attention in psychological and behavioral research. Since then, scientists have identified different types of disgust and have explored how they affect the way we behave.
The research shows that Darwin was basically right: disgust is a major part of the behavioral immune system that protects people from disease, a collection of actions influenced by some of the most natural reactions that keep our bodies in superior condition. We already know that not all germs (病菌) are bad for us. ____37____ Science also tells us that getting a bit dirty helps people more readily fight disease.
“Disgust is associated with fewer infections, so it is a helpful emotion in disease-relevant contexts,” says Joshua Ackerman, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Michigan. However, he says it can be a double-edged sword. ____38____ And some of those things could actually improve our health.
____39____ Disgust is part of society’s balance. Too little, and we might get sick. Too much of it can harm our health. Figuring out this complex problem could help researchers understand a variety of human behaviors.
A. They work with our body to maintain a balance.
B. They were quite certain that being disgusted could benefit people.
C. Nobody is quite sure whether disgust is a positive or negative thing.
D. For many years afterward, though, scientists didn’t pay much attention to disgust.
E. What he means is that it’s also associated with dislike for unfamiliar things, like food.
F. Disgust became advanced to prevent our ancestors from eating spoiled food that might kill them.
G. Researchers across fields continue to explore disgust so we can better understand our world and ourselves.
答案：
2022届北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
【答案】35. E 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了一种现象：我们的大脑总是倾向于遵循惯用思维和直觉、喜欢做出省事、让自己舒适的选择。但生活中总有些行之不易却大有裨益的事情，文章就如何克服大脑的惰性做好困难的事情给出了建议。
【35题详解】
空白前句指出“We often do the thing that feels right, or rush to judgment without proper consideration.(我们往往会做感觉正确的事，或是不经过合理的考虑就匆匆下了结论)”即经验和惯有思维会影响我们的判断，E选项“大脑会这样做是因为处理已有的想法比处理新想法容易得多”中的does this正是指代前句中的行为，且符合后句所举的学过西班牙语的人再学意大利语要更容易这一例子的理由。故选E项。
【36题详解】
空白后句以Or开头，表达了“we are willing to move toward things that make us feel good and away from things that make us feel uncomfortable.(我们愿意去做让自己感觉良好的事，而远离那些让自己不适的事情)”，这显然是与上一段文意顺承的，Or应作“或者”理解，即对空白句的另一种解释。D选项“结果就是我们许多人都倾向于直觉上正确的事”顺承前文给出论点，且与后句表达含义一致。故选D项。
【37题详解】
空白前句指出“Yet, we know hard actions can bring benefits -ones that may not be visible for some time.(不过，我们知道困难的行动会带来好处——这些好处可能短时间看不出来)”，A选项“想想开始一个新的锻炼日常”符合hard actions，且与下一句解释的“这样做是因为对自身的理解或是来自医生的要求”也是相符的。故选A项。
【38题详解】
本段与下一段都是针对“how do we do hard things when our brains are constantly telling us to avoid effort (当大脑不断地告诉我们不要努力时如何做好困难的事)”给出的建议。空白作为段首句，后面两句指出“A 2016 study found that when people are upset, they’ re less likely to try to do hard things. When they’re feeling upbeat, they’re more likely to take on the hard-but-essential tasks that ultimately make life better. (2016年的一项研究发现当人们情绪低落时，不太可能会尝试做困难的事。当他们感到积极向上时，更有可能承担那些困难但重要的任务，最终会让生活变得更好)”，言下之意即困难的事务更适合在情绪良好时去完成，这与B选项“当你情绪良好时，去处理困难的事务”表达的含义相符。故选B项。
【39题详解】
本段与下一段都是针对“how do we do hard things when our brains are constantly telling us to avoid effort (当大脑不断地告诉我们不要努力时如何做好困难的事)”给出的建议。前两句指出“Give our brains the right amount of autonomy. When we have a choice, our brains often want something easy.(给我们的大脑一定的自主权。当我们要作出选择时，我们的大脑往往会想要简单些的)”，G选项“但我们可以通过挑战自我减少这种反应，从而变得更有创意、更富动力”与前文构成转折，其中的that response呼应前文大脑的反应，符合针对做好困难的事给出的建议。故选G项。
2022届北京市东城区高三下学期综合练习（二）（二模）英语试题 （解析版）
【答案】35. B 36. E 37. D 38. F 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们已经观看的媒体数量，他们观看的媒体的相似性，以及他们观看媒体的方式三种因素增加了媒体的可及性，从而导致人们更加容易沉迷社交媒体中。文章对此提出了相关方法。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Picture this: you’ve just settled into your workday and pulled up that big report you need to finish, when a friend sends you a couple of celebrity videos on WeChat.(想象一下这样的场景：你刚刚进入工作状态，拿出要完成的重要报告，这时一个朋友在微信上给你发了几段名人视频)”以及后文“And then the next thing you know, an hour has gone by while that big report sits, ignored, on your desk. So how does that happen (然后你知道的下一件事是，一个小时过去了，那份重要的报告被忽视在你的桌子上。这是怎么发生的呢？)”可知，上文提到了一个朋友在微信上给你发了几段名人视频，后文则说花费了一个小时在看视频上，可见本句是在说明一开始认为观看这些视频需要的时间。故B选项“你觉得你只需要几分钟就能看完。”符合语境，故选B。
【36题详解】
根据第二段“To understand this, we conducted a series of studies with 6,445 people. Through this research, we identified three factors: the amount of media the person has already viewed, the similarity of the media they’ve viewed, and the manner in which they viewed the media.(为了理解这一点，我们对6445人进行了一系列研究。通过这项研究，我们确定了三个因素：人们已经观看的媒体数量，他们观看的媒体的相似性，以及他们观看媒体的方式)”以及上文“We found the order and types of content we consume can affect our decision to keep consuming similar content. But what drives this effect (我们发现，我们消费内容的顺序和类型会影响我们继续消费类似内容的决定。但是是什么导致了这种结果呢？)”可知，第二段提到了三种因素，上文设问是什么导致了这种结果，可知本句旨在说明这一问题的答案：这三个因素都增加了类似媒体的可及性。故E选项“之前的研究表明，这三个因素都增加了类似媒体的可及性。”符合语境，E选项中的“accessibility”呼应下文“When something feels more accessible, it becomes easier to process, leading us to enjoy it more.(当一些东西感觉更容易接近时，它就会变得更容易处理，让我们更享受它)”中的“accessible”。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据上文“These results also explain why it’s so easy to get distracted by apps on social media at work.(这些结果也解释了为什么工作时很容易被社交媒体上的应用程序分心)”以及后文“They offer bite-sized content that makes it easy to quickly consume several videos in a row. They often automatically suggest similar content, and many of them even automatically start playing similar videos, reducing the potential for interruptions.(他们提供小尺寸的内容，使它很容易快速地连续观看几个视频。它们通常会自动推荐类似的内容，其中许多甚至会自动开始播放类似的视频，从而减少了被打断的可能性)”可知，后文的内容表明，平台通过推荐短小的视频，来将观众困在了社交媒体中。故D选项“这些平台旨在把观众困在社交媒体的兔子洞里。”符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据后文“To fight the pull, make an effort to just watch one video. If you really want to watch multiple in a row, choose videos that seem unrelated. You can also use a social media timer that urges you to take a break after a certain amount of time, or even just consciously remind yourself to consume different kinds of content.(为了对抗拉力，努力只看一个视频。如果你真的想连续看多个视频，那就选择一些看起来不相关的视频。你也可以使用社交媒体计时器，敦促你在一定的时间后休息一下，或甚至只是有意识地提醒自己阅读不同类型的内容)”可知，后文主要说明了将观看这些视频作为一种提醒自己的工具，故F选项“好消息是，更好地理解这个问题可以给我们提供逃避它的工具。”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“So, if you’re struggling to climb out of a rabbit hole, try to find ways to reduce the similarity, repetitiveness, and relatedness of the content you’re consuming.(所以，如果你正挣扎着从兔子洞里爬出来，试着找到减少你所消费内容的相似性、重复性和相关性的方法)”以及后文“Once you manage to break free, you’ll be back at that big report in no time.(一旦你设法挣脱，你很快就会回到那个大报告)”可知，上文提到试着找到减少你所消费内容的相似性、重复性和相关性的方法，后文则说从中设法挣脱了出来，可知本句旨在说明上文提到的方法虽然困难，但也不是完全不可能。故A选项“这可能很难，但也不是不可能。”符合语境，故选A。
2022届北京市丰台区高三下学期二模英语试卷（解析版）
【答案】35. B 36. E 37. A 38. G 39. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在生活中，人们总是会反事实思维，总在想如果当时选择了另一个选项会是怎样呢？心理学家认为反事实思维对我们的生活是有益的，能够帮助我们更明智地选择未来的方向。
【35题详解】
根据下文“It is the birthplace of emotions such as regret, gratitude, and guilt. (它是后悔、感激和内疚等情绪的发源地)”中出现了“it”，说明上文是提及了一个概念或者一个内容。选项B“This type of mental “what-ifism” is called counterfactual thinking.(这种心理上的“如果论”被称为反事实思维)”既和第一段呼应，指出第一段中的“如果论”，又直接引出本文的关键词“counterfactual thinking”，也就是空后的“it”。故选B。
【36题详解】
根据下文“The victims are usually shaken and highly emotional, and they have often lost everything that they owned. And yet, we commonly hear them use words such as “lucky” or “grateful" to describe their feelings. (受害者通常浑身颤抖和高度情绪化，他们往往失去了他们所拥有的一切。然而，我们经常听到他们用“幸运”或“感激”这样的词来描述自己的感受)”中提到了受害者，并且提到了他们的话，由此可推断是有人在采访他们。选项E“News reporters frequently interview survivors who have barely escaped with their lives.(新闻记者经常采访那些死里逃生的幸存者)”引出下文这些人的话，符合文意。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据上文“And yet, we commonly hear them use words such as “lucky” or “grateful" to describe their feelings. (然而，我们经常听到他们用“幸运”或“感激”这样的词来描述自己的感受)”可知，幸存者在接受采访。选项A“At first glance, this response does not make much sense.(乍一看，这种反应毫无依据)”中的“response”和上文一致，同时引出下文。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Some psychologists have argued that one of the benefits of counterfactual thinking is that it can be an effective tool for making us more resilient (迅速复苏的).(一些心理学家认为，反事实思维的好处之一是，它可以成为让我们更快复苏的有效工具)”可知，这里指的是反事实思维的好处。选项G“The mind of the counterfactual thinker can easily imagine circumstances that would have been even worse.(反事实思考者的头脑很容易想象出更糟糕的情况)”既分析了受害者为什么会说自己幸运，又引出下文“That paves the way for positive emotions that might help them through a very dark time in their lives.(这为积极情绪铺平了道路，可能会帮助他们度过生命中非常黑暗的一段时间)”，再次强调了反事实思维的好处。故选G。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Many psychologists believe that it exists to helps us crystallize (变明确) the goals that are most important to us and to improve our ability to wisely choose future courses of action.(许多心理学家认为它的存在是为了帮助我们明确对我们最重要的目标，并提高我们明智地选择未来行动路线的能力)”可知，这里介绍了反事实思维对我们的益处。选项C“Even though it sometimes makes us sad, it can also do us some good.(尽管有时它会让我们悲伤，但它也能给我们带来一些好处)”与下文内容一致。故选C。
2022届北京市顺义区高三第二次统练英语试题（解析版）
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以从大自然中吸取灵感，以便用更环保的方式解决我们所面临的问题。
【35题详解】
根据上文“When you need to find a solution to a design problem, you could ask yourself, “What animals or plants face a similar problem in their lives, and how do they handle it ”(当你需要找到一个设计问题的解决方案时，你可以问自己，‘哪些动物或植物在生活中面临类似的问题，它们如何处理？’)”和下文“Termites (白蚁) in Africa control the temperature and air currents in their nests by having thick walls and air spaces in the top part.(非洲的白蚁通过在其巢穴顶部有厚壁和空气空间来控制温度和气流)”可知，上文提出遇到设计问题时可以想象面临类似问题的动植物，下文则提到了非洲白蚁巢穴的特点。由此推知，空处内容应与建筑和蚂蚁相关。D项“人口众多的大城市经常被比作蚂蚁的聚居地”符合题意，开启下文，ants呼应下文termites。故选D。
【36题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“The Eastgate Centre in Harare, Zimbabwe was designed in a similar way, with thick overhangs shading the windows, and all the offices connected to a big chimney letting hot air escape. This allows it to stay cool while using much less air-conditioning. (津巴布韦哈拉雷的Eastgate中心也采用了类似的设计方法，厚实的悬架遮蔽窗户，所有的办公室都连接到一个大烟囱，让热空气逸出。这使得它在使用更少的空调的同时保持凉爽)”可知，这种类似白蚁巢穴的设计适用于炎热地带的城市。由此推知，空处继续陈述这种设计的应用。F项“对于东南亚炎热拥挤的城市来说，这也是一个很好的解决方案”符合题意，also表明上下文的并列关系。故选F。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Engineer Nakatsu also asked himself the same question. (工程师Nakatsu也问了自己同样的问题)”推知，空处应指出Nakatsu面临的问题是什么。G项“他的问题是高速行驶的高速列车冲进隧道时产生的压力会产生巨大的噪音”符合题意，problem是关键词，选项中的his指代Nakatsu。故选G。
【38题详解】
根据下文“On the other hand, plastic packaging creates a lot of waste and pollution. (另一方面，塑料包装制造了许多浪费和污染)”中的on the other hand推知，空处内容与下文形成对照，即空处陈述环保的一方面。A项“在自然界，一切都是循环利用的”符合题意。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Nakatsu worries that children today do not have the opportunity to touch and feel nature. He advises that students in university should study more than one narrow field so that they do not just have one fixed way of thinking. (Nakatsu担心今天的孩子没有机会触摸和感受大自然。他建议大学里的学生应该学习不止一个狭窄的领域，这样他们就不会只有一种固定的思维方式)”可知，Nakatsu建议孩子们多接触自然，这样就可以熟悉自然，并从中学习一些解决问题的方法。B项“要模仿自然，我们必须熟悉它”符合题意，nature是关键词。故选B。
2022届北京市西城区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
【答案】35. F 36. D 37. A 38. E 39. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述厌恶感有时候也是有好处的。
【35题详解】
根据上文“In the late 1860s, Charles Darwin proposed that being disgusted could have a developmental purpose. (在19世纪60年代后期，查尔斯·达尔文提出，厌恶可能有一个发展的目的)”可知，这里提到达尔文提出，厌恶可能有一个发展的目的，所以接下来，文章就要提到发展的目的是什么。选项F“为了防止我们的祖先食用可能会杀死他们的变质食物，厌恶感变得更加严重。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
【36题详解】
根据下文“It wasn’t until the early 1990s, a time when gameshows eagerly slimed contestants, that disgust got more attention in psychological and behavioral research. (直到20世纪90年代早期，当时运动员们热切地向选手们展示瘦身，厌恶感才在心理学和行为学研究中得到更多关注)”可知，在20世纪90年代之前，厌恶感并没有得到太多关注。选项D“然而，之后的很多年里，科学家们并没有注意到厌恶感。”和下文意思一致。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文“We already know that not all germs (病菌) are bad for us. (我们已经知道，并不是所有的病菌对我们来说但是坏的)”可知，接下来要提到有些病菌是好的。选项A“它们和我们的身体一起工作，以保持平衡。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“However, he says it can be a double-edged sword. (然而，他说，它可能是把双刃剑)”可知，接下来要解释他说是双刃剑指的是什么。选项E“他的意思是，这也与不喜欢不熟悉的东西有关，比如食物。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Figuring out this complex problem could help researchers understand a variety of human behaviors. (弄清楚这个复杂的问题可以帮助研究人员理解人类的各种行为)”可知，这里提到很多研究人员在一起研究厌恶感，就是为了更好的理解人类的各种行为，最终可以更好的理解世界和我们人类自己。选项G“各个领域的研究人员继续研究厌恶感，这样我们就能更好地理解我们的世界和我们自己。”和下文意思一致。故选G。