2022届北京市部分区高三英语二模试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

2022届北京市部分区高三英语二模试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022届北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
After a two-year pause, our summer program in Madrid is back. A tradition of 62 years has made Rollins’ Verano Espanol the most popular abroad program on campus.
Program Highlights：
Earn 8 Rollins credit hours (two courses) in 6 weeks
Small class sizes, 8 students max. per class
All levels of Spanish proficiency allowed (from nothing to advanced)
Stay at a centrally located dorm
Full orientation during arrival weekend: Airport pick up, transportation to the dorms
Internship (实习) option/Included weekend long trip to the scenic mountain town of Candelario/weekly cultural activities
Verano Espanol: a Rollins Tradition
Rollins’ Verano Espanol (Spanish Summer) celebrates its 62nd anniversary and is one of the oldest and most prestigious American summer study programs in Spain.
INB students: Do you know that you can complete your language, international experience and internship requirements in just 6 weeks in Madrid
Internships available at IFEMA, the Trade Fair Institution of Madrid, with over 30 year experience of staging trade fairs, it is the most important of its kind in Spain and one of the leaders in Europe.
Verano Espaiol: Why Madrid
For its unique blend of culture, history, food, and fun, Marid is one of the world’s top destinations. It is one of the world’s most lively cities, with unparalleled cultural offerings and a vibrant nightlife. According to Lonely Planet, “No city on earth is more alive than Madrid, an attractive place whose sheer energy carries a simple message: this is one city which really knows how to live.”
Last information session: Thursday, Feb. 10th. Bieberbach-Reed (Campus Center, by the Marketplace). Stop by anytime between 12:30-1:30 pm.
Program application deadline: March 28, 2022
Program Travel Dates:14May-25June, 2022
Additional Information:
http://www. rollins.edu/international-programs
Contact Dr. Alberto Prieto-Calixto: apcalixto@rollins.edu
21. By participating in the program, you can__________.
A. take classes with big size B. live at the countryside dorm
C. enjoy trips during weekdays D. gain the opportunity for internship
22. According to Lonely Planet, Madrid is chosen as the program’s destination mainly for its__________.
A. climate B. location C. culture D. scenery
23. When will the program get started according to the passage
A. On February 10th. B. On March 28th. C. On May 14th. D. On June 25th.
B
It started as a typical hot, dusty morning in a small town in the Peten region of Guatemala. As the morning progressed, the town became crowded with people streaming in from miles around. Some came by bus, others on motorcycles, bicycles and on foot. Filled with hope, they had come to attend a Seva-sponsored screening camp organized by our longtime local partner Visualiza.
Word traveled quickly that the team had returned, offering free care to anyone with an eye problem. Over two days,700 people waited patiently to have their eyes examined at the temporary clinic that had been set up in the center of town.
The first morning, the line spilled out of the front door. Many sought shelter from the unrelenting sun beneath umbrellas. A mother brought her nine-year-old daughter Wendy, hoping the doctors could restore sight to her blind eye. Five years ago, Wendy had lost vision in her eye after accidentally being bumped in the head while playing with friends.
Making their way through the series of exam stations, Wendy and her mother learned that Visualiza’s ophthalmologists might be able to help her see again by operating on her eye. The doctors informed them that a cataract(白内障) that had formed after the injury was causing her vision loss.
Wendy was scheduled for surgery, which would take place the next morning at Visualiza’s outreach clinic. Transportation was arranged for Wendy and her mother, along with all of the other patients who had been identified as requiring sight-restoring surgery. Of the 25 patients who boarded the clinic’s bus, Wendy was the only child.
The next morning after a successful surgery, the eye patch was removed and Wendy slowly opened her eyes. For the first few days, Wendy’s vision was a little blurry. But after being fitted with a pair of prescription glasses, Wendy’s follow-up exam showed that her vision had come back nicely and the surgery had been a great success! With vision restored, Wendy can now see clearly and is excited to be returning to school. Thanks to Seva donors, Wendy’s future is bright and full of potential.
24. How did people feel when waiting to have their eyes examined
A. Hopeful. B. Nervous. C. Impatient. D. Thankful.
25. Wendy lost her vision because_______________.
A. she kept looking at the sun for a long time B. she had her head bumped by accident
C. she had a failed operation on eyes D. she was born with an eye disease
26. What mainly contributes to Wendy’s happy ending
A. The fast transportation. B. The prescription glasses.
C. The successful surgery. D. The follow-up exam.
27. What message does the author want to express
A. Treasure your sight before it’s getting worse.
B. Helping those in need makes a difference.
C. Opportunity favors the prepared mind.
D. Free yourself from the dark time.
C
Few dishes taste better than a juicy cut of beef. One survey in 2014 found that steak was Americans’ favorite food. Unfortunately, by cooking so many cows, humans are cooking themselves, too.
The influence of food on greenhouse-gas(GHG)emissions(排放)can slip under the radar. In a survey in Britain last year, the share of answerers saying that “producing plants and meat on farms” was a “significant contributor” to climate change was the lowest among ten listed activities. Yet two papers published this year in Nature Food find that food, especially beef, creates more GHGS than previously thought.
This March researchers from the European Commission and the UN’s Food and Agriculture Office released a study estimating that the global food system was responsible for 34% of GHG in 2015. The paper assigns the full impact of deforestation to the agriculture that results from it;includes emissions after food is sold(such as from waste and cooking);and counts non-food crops like cotton. But even when the authors took away emissions from sources like transport and packaging, they still found that agriculture generated 24% of GHGS.
Another recent paper, by Xiaoming Xu of the University of Illinois and eight co-authors, allocates(分配)this impact among 171 crops and 16 animal products. It finds that animal-based foods account for 57% of agricultural GHGS, versus 29% for food from plants. Beef and cow’s milk alone made up bined with the earlier study’s results, this implies that cattle produce 12% of GHG emissions.
Relative to other food sources, beef is uniquely carbon-intensive. Because cattle emit methane(甲烷)and need large grasslands that are often created by cutting more forests, they produce seven times as many GHGS per calorie of meat as pigs do. This makes beef a bigger share among foods than coal is among sources of electricity.
The simplest way to cut beef output is for people to eat other animals instead, or become vegetarians. But convincing people to give up their burgers is a tall order.
Fortunately, lab-grown meats are moving from Petri dishes(培养皿)to high-end restaurants. Doing without beef from live cattle is hard to imagine, but the same was true of coal 100 years ago. Lab-grown meat could play an essential role in slowing a climate disaster.
28. The underlined phrase in paragraph 2 can probably be replaced by____________.
A. be detected by radar B. be ignored by people
C. be explained by experts D. be controlled by government
29. What can we learn from the passage
A. Lab-grown meats will replace other meats in the future.
B. Quitting steak may be an efficient way to reduce GHG.
C. Producing beef generates more GHG than burning coal.
D. Beef transport is the major contributor of GHG emissions.
30. The author mentions the coal in the last paragraph just to show____________.
A the importance of both lab-grown beef and coal B. the difficulty to produce the lab-grown meat
C. the necessity of beef from live cattle D. the future of lab-grown beef
D
The word “robot” was coined in 1920 by the Czech playwright Karel Capek meaning fully functional servants. For most of their history, robots have been inelegant mechanical devices sitting out of sight in factories. Things are starting to change, however. Robots are leaving carefully managed industrial settings for everyday life and, in the coming years, will increasingly work in supermarkets, clinics, social care and much more.
They could not be coming at a better time. Many industries are facing a shortage of labor—the demand for workers has recovered much faster than expected and some people have left the workforce, particularly in America. Warehousing(仓库)has grown rapidly thanks to the e-commerce boom. Robots are picking items off shelves and helping people pack a rising numbers of boxes. They are even beginning to move slowly along some pavements, delivering goods or food right to people’s doors. Nowadays, short of workers but with lots of elderly folk to look after, having more robots to boost productivity would be a good thing.
And yet many people fear that robots will destroy jobs. A paper in 2013 by economists at Oxford University was widely misinterpreted as meaning that 47% of American jobs were at risk of being automated.
In fact, concerns about mass unemployment are overblown. The evidence suggests robots will be ultimately beneficial for labor markets. Japan and South Korea have the highest robot usage rate but very strong workforces. A Yale University study that looked at Japanese manufacturing between 1978 and 2017 found that an increase of one robot unit per 1,000 workers boosted a company’s employment by 2.2%. Research from the Bank of Korea found that robotization moved jobs away from manufacturing into other sectors, but that there was no decrease in overall vacancies.
For all that, the march of the robots will bring big changes to workplaces, too. One supposed example of “bad automation” is self-service checkouts in supermarkets, because they displace human workers. But robots could perform unpleasant work. Checkout staff who retrain to help customers pick items from aisles(传送带)may find that dealing with people in need is more rewarding than spending all day swiping barcodes in front of lasers. In addition, as jobs change, workers should be helped to acquire new skills, including how to work with and manage the robots that will increasingly be their colleagues.
The potential gains from the robot revolution are huge. In Capek’s play, the robots revolt(反抗)against their human masters and cause mass unemployment and worse. However, the beginnings of the world’s real robots have not matched Capek’s assumption. So there is no need to concern about their future.
31. The author mentions the two researches in paragraph 4 to____________.
A prove an argument B. introduce an approach
C. present an assumption D. highlight an experiment
32. What can we infer from the passage
A New skills will be acquired by workers with the help of robots.
B. The more robots are used, the greater employment it can bring.
C. Robots will betray their human masters and cause worse problems.
D. Checkout staff in supermarkets may be happier to do with people in need.
33. Towards wide spread of robots, the author is____________
A. approved B. neutral C. opposed D. doubtful
34. What’s the best title of the passage
A. Future Risk: Jobs Being Automated
B. Robot Revolution: Causes of Changes
C. Workplace Automation: Rise of Robots
D. Robotization: Solution to Unemployment
2022届北京市东城区高三下学期综合练习（二）（二模）英语试题 （解析版）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A poetry competition has been launched for pupils. It invites young people to reflect on the “many ways we are connected to the universe”. The competition is aimed at pupils aged 4 to 18 and is part of a national celebration of creativity taking place across the UK throughout 2023.
The winning entries will be featured in a multimedia live projection show, which will visit multiple locations around the UK from March to May 2023. This outdoor show will include submissions from the competition and run for a week in each location. Winners will also receive a range of other prizes, including books and chocolate, plus continued development and coaching opportunities from the Poetry Society.
The rules are as follows:
·The competition is free to enter. Entries will be accepted from anywhere in the UK. Entries from outside the UK are not accepted. If you are aged 4 — 12, your parent will need to give permission for you to enter.
·Your entry must be the original work of the creator. Your work is accepted on the basis that this will be its first appearance anywhere in the world.
·Poems must be written in English or Welsh but you can include phrases in your mother tongue or another language. Poems must not be longer than 20 lines. You are free to write in any style or form.
·You may enter either online via the website or by post to the Poetry Society, 22 Betterton Street, London. All online entries must be received by 23:59 GMT on 19 December 2022. All poems entered by post must be post-dated on or before 19 December 2022.
If you would like to enter online, please continue through the online system on this website. Email AboutUs@poetrysociety. org if you are having problems with your submission.
21. What is the theme of the competition
A. National celebration. B. Reflection on creativity.
C. Young people’s talents. D. Connectivity to the universe.
22. What will be awarded to the winners
A. A free tour around the UK. B. Membership of the Poetry Society.
C. Books, chocolate and prize money. D. A chance to present their works in a show.
23. According to the rules, participants .
A. can submit entries by email B. must write within the line limit
C. may enter their published poems D. should ask parents for permission
B
American Jake Pinnick comes from a small town called Kewanee.
Pinnick said when he told friends and family he wanted to go to the Wudang Kungfu Academy in China, the response was typical. "It's not a usual thing to say, but it is pretty normal for kids to want to get out of a place like Kewanee. Most kids say something like they want to move to Hollywood and become an actor, " said the 30-year-old. “When I first thought about it, it was daydreaming for myself, too.”
Once he found himself at the academy, Pinnick said fitting in was softened by other foreigners who were in the area and a part of the school. Getting used to the way of life was surprisingly easy given the peaceful nature to it. Pinnick said after a while, he found himself more at home in Wudang than he ever felt back home in Kewanee. Locals were more than welcoming and willing to engage.
“The culture shock wasn't that bad. Surprisingly, I find I have more of that going back to America now... learning the language did take some time, but everyone around the school was familiar with foreigners, so we had a lot of fun speaking broken English and Chinese back and forth at the start.”
After he settled into a routine, Pinnick set about engaging himself in Chinese culture, including Kungfu training. He was also attracted by the philosophical tradition most well-known for the idea of living in harmony with the universe.
Pinnick said he had to go home after the first six months and immediately wanted to return to China, feeling as if it had now become his home more than America, and he had begun a process of rewriting himself as a person overseas.
His life now goes around training, teaching and studying. He graduated from the academy in 2014 and still helps teach there.
Pinnick said the goal is to one day return to America and teach what he has learned. Looking back on his amazing journey, Pinnick said he has grown by leaps and bounds from a small-town American kid who had a daydream he could not shake.
24. What did Pinnick's family think of his idea of learning Kungfu
A. Unrealistic. B. Creative.
C. Challenging. D. Disappointing.
25. What mainly helped Pinnick get used to the life in China
A. His fluent Chinese. B. The friendly local culture.
C. His peaceful nature. D. Other foreign teachers there.
26. What did Pinnick gain from his experience in China
A. A career choice. B. A large fortune.
C. A Kungfu certificate. D. A good reputation.
C
We’ve all felt the tap to the soul you get from driving by your old high school or hearing a tune you once danced to. But why is that feeling so universal
Nostalgia, a combination of the Greek words nostos (homecoming) and algos (pain), was a special type of homesickness associated with soldiers fighting far-off wars. Seventeenth century physicians worried such thoughts put health at risk. In the 19th century, doctors believed it could cause irregular heartbeat, fever, and death.
Our understanding of nostalgia has developed since then. “It’s a very mixed emotion,” says Frederick Barrett, a neuroscientist. That makes it hard to fit into existing theory, which typically categorizes emotions as either positive or negative. And triggers — the cars, music or smells — are extremely personal. Therefore. designing a standardized study is difficult.
But we do know nostalgia has a marked effect on us: brain imaging studies show that those experiences have their own neural signature. Neuroscientists argued that the emotion is co-produced by the brain’s recall and reward systems. They found that nostalgic images use the memory-managing hippocampus (海马区) more than other sights, as people mine autobiographical (个人经历的) details deep in the past. This mental effort pays off:as the hippocampus activates, so does one of the brain’s reward centers.
That longing for the past might be a protective mechanism, says Tim Wildschut, a professor. His work also suggests a more primitive purpose for the feeling: it developed to remind our ancient ancestors of pleasant physical feelings during periods of discomfort and pain.
Recent research suggests the occasional look backwards can give us a boost in unnoticeable ways: by increasing self-respect and protecting against depression. Nostalgia’s apparent power to jump-start one’s memory also seems to improve recall ability in people with Alzheimer’s disease.
New flavors of “reminiscence therapy” (回忆疗法) are emerging around the world. In 2018, the George G. Glenner Alzheimer’s Family Centers opened its first Town Square, an adult daycare facility designed to look like a small town in 1950s America. Though Town Square has yet to publish peer-reviewed data on the success of the program, clients say it has helped seniors access dusty memories and reconnect with loved ones.
Scientists need a lot more information to adequately characterize this complex and bittersweet feeling. But while centuries of doctors considered nostalgia a deadly disease, we now know: it can help us make it through today.
27. What can we learn about nostalgia
A. It was first discovered in Greece. B. It’s more common among soldiers.
C. It’s set off by personal experiences. D. It was a well-defined scientific idea.
28. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. How nostalgia works. B. Why nostalgia matters.
C. What nostalgia means. D. When nostalgia emerges.
29. How might nostalgia benefit people
A. It makes people’s mind sharp. B. It gives seniors a sense of security.
C It helps us face unpleasant situations. D. It improves people’s instant memory.
30. Why does the author mention Town Square
A. To reveal a phenomenon of emotion.
B. To interpret the concept of a therapy.
C To explore the advantage of a treatment.
D To demonstrate the use of a research finding.
D
Search “toxic parents”, and you’ll find more than 38, 000 posts, largely urging young adults to cut ties with their families. The idea is to safeguard one’s mental health from abusive parents. However, as a psychoanalyst, I’ve seen that trend in recent years become a way to manage conflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement (c) has on both sides of the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.
Research by Karl Pillemer, a professor at Cornell University, indicates that 1 in 4 American adults have become estranged from their families. I believe that’s an undercount, because others have stopped short of completely cutting off contact but have effectively broken the ties.
“Canceling” your parent can be seen as an extension of a cultural trend aimed at correcting imbalances in power and systemic inequality. Certainly the family is one system in which power has never been balanced. In 1933, the psychoanalyst Sándor Ferenczi warned that even the simple indication that someone has more power than we do could potentially be damaging.
Today’s social justice values respond to this reality, calling on us to criticize oppressive and harmful figures and to gain power for those who have been powerless. But when adult children use the most effective tool they have-themselves-to gain a sense of security and ban their parents from their lives, the roles are simply switched, and the pain only deepens.
Often, what I see in my practice are cases of family conflict mismanaged, power dynamics turned upside down rather than negotiated. I see the terrible effect of that trend; situations with no winners, only isolated (m) humans who long to be known and feel safe in the presence of the other.
The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are not suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandoned and betrayed, because in the unconscious, it doesn’t matter who is doing the leaving; the feeling that remains is “being left”. They carry the ghosts of their childhood, tackling the emotional reality that those who raised us can never truly be left behind, no matter how hard we try.
What I have found is that most of these families need repair, not permanent break-up. How else can one learn how to negotiate needs, to create boundaries and to trust How else can we love others, and ourselves, if not through accepting the limitations that come with being human Good relationships are the result not of a perfect level of harmony but rather of successful adjustments.
To pursue dialogue instead of estrangement will be hard and painful work. It can’t be a single project of “self-help”, because at the end of the day, real intimacy (亲密关系) is achieved by working through the injuries of the past together. In most cases of family conflict, repair is possible and preferable to estrangement—and it’s worth the work.
31. Why do young people cut ties with the family
A. To gain an independent life.
B. To restore harmony in the family.
C. To protect their psychological well-being.
D. To follow a tendency towards social justice.
32. What does the underlined word “catch” in Paragraph 6 mean
A. Response. B. Problem. C. Operation. D. Emphasis.
33. To manage family conflict, the author agrees that young adults should .
A. break down boundaries B. gain power within the family
C live up to their parents’ expectations D. accept imperfection of family members
34. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage
A. To advocate a self-help trend. B. To justify a common social value.
C. To argue against a current practice. D. To discuss a means of communication.
2022届北京市丰台区高三下学期二模英语试卷（解析版）
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Picnic Shelter Reservations
Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that are available for reservation at the following parks:
●Fisher Basin Community Park
●Leroy Haagen Memorial Park
●Marine Community Park
●Marshall Community Park
Picnic shelters are available to reserve between May 1 and September 30 each year. Reservations are for the entire day with a reservation fee of $100. When not reserved, shelters are available for free. Reserve a picnic shelter by calling 360-487-7100.
Shelter Reservation Cancellation Policy
If canceled one month or more before the rental date 100% of the fee will be refunded. If canceled 1-4 weeks before the rental date, 75% of the fee will be refunded. No refunds will be granted if the reservation is canceled less than one week prior to the rental date.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is there a way to find out if an event is already scheduled at a park
Yes. Contact Marshall Community Center at 360-487-7100 to find out about events taking place in our parks.
Q：What amenities (设施) are included with a picnic shelter reservation
Reservations include use of all picnic tables located within the shelter and electricity (there is no electricity at Marine Park). Playground amenities and restrooms will be shared with the public.
Park Use Permits
Depending on the type of event you’re hosting, you will need to get a Park Use Permit from Vancouver Parks and Recreation. A Park Use Permit gives you permission to bring special items and equipment into the park.
21. If you cancel 3 weeks before the rental date, how much money will you get back
A. $100. B. $75. C. $25. D. $0.
22. According to the passage, Vancouver picnic shelters _________.
A. don’t allow visitors to host events
B. don’t offer picnic tables or electricity
C. are available to reserve all year round
D. can be used for free when not reserved
23. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To explain the rules of park management.
B. To recommend shelters of different parks.
C. To introduce the functions of picnic shelters.
D. To provide information of shelter reservations.
24. Where is this passage most likely from
A. A book review. B. A news report.
C. A travel brochure. D. A science journal.
B
From sausage rolls to sweets and a coffee with a bin, there were many things that made Greg Robinson smile.
When the father-of-two, who was in his 50s, died suddenly in April 2021, his family’s life was turned upside down.
Greg ran a gift shop in his hometown of Donaghadce. Whether it was at work, walking the dog, with his local flute band or just out in his belayed town, his family said Greg made time for those in need. Now, on the week of his first anniversary, his family shared some of the things that made him smile with their community.
“We wanted to plan something together that allowed us to put our energy into something positive and give us something practical to do, which we knew would have an impact on others,” they told the reporter.
“We knew that by making others smile, we in turn would feel the benefit of that too. We have realised the importance of little things that have made us smile throughout the past year.”
As Greg loved his town and the community, all the gifts were purchased locally. Among them are vouchers (代金券) for a bakery, for some of his favourite sausage rolls, an ice-cream shop where he used to buy a quarter of sweets, and a cafe because “a wee coffee and a bun would have made dad’s face light up with excitement”.
“When someone dies, it is often the case that people are scared to mention the loved one in case it makes you sad, but the journey has taught us that this isn’t the case. The wonderful memories of dad shared by our community bring so much comfort,” his family said.
“We love those times when we hear how dad had impacted their lives, from showing kindness as a teenager at high school, to chatting away to customers in his shop,” they added.
For Greg’s children, they will be forever grateful for their dad teaching them “to focus on the positive parts of the day, looking for ways that we can express gratitude for everyday things”.
25. What do we know about Greg from the first three paragraphs
A. Greg was often ready to help others.
B. Greg had a great passion for cooking.
C. Greg earned his living by playing in a band.
D. Greg’s death had little impact on his family.
26. How did the community react after receiving the gifts
A. They gathered and comforted Greg’s family.
B. They expressed sadness about Greg’s death.
C. They were still afraid to talk about Greg.
D. They shared good memories of Greg.
27. What would be the best title for this passage
A. An Act of Kindness in Memory of Greg
B. Unusual Ways to Thank Greg’s Community
C. A Huge Celebration of Greg’s Family Reunion
D. Special Gifts to Record the Family Life of Greg
C
It shouldn’t come as news to anyone that the planet is moving quickly towards a climate emergency. And fast fashion certainly plays its part in this.
Fast fashion brands, which release hundreds of new styles every week, have caused trends cycles to speed up rapidly, leading to overproduction and overconsumption. British shoppers are buying twice as much as we did a decade ago and both brands and consumers are throwing away “unfashionable” clothing more often—over 300,000 of it ends up in landfill every year. How do we solve this issue
One answer lies in the new generation of made-to-order brands making their way into the mainstream. These brands make clothes only as and when they’re ordered, and because there’s no overproduction, less unwanted stock ends up in landfills. They also promote a slower fashion model, with pieces taking between three weeks and three months to arrive once purchased. The focus is on creating special, well-made pieces for consumers to treasure for years to come.
Made-to-order fashion is nothing new. Until the mid-20th century, it was the norm. However, the 1960s brought about the dawn of fast fashion and a shift in our relationship with our clothes. The value once placed on craftsmanship and quality was replaced by the desire for low cost and volume, resulting in cut-cost production and the attitude that clothing should be cheap and disposable.
Of course, made-to-order fashion has continued to exist alongside this, though research clearly shows that fast fashion prevails (盛行). Cue a made-to-order brand bringing bespoke (定制) back to the mainstream. Spanish brand Alas features a slow business model. It takes orders each week which are then handmade and delivered in about three weeks. It also revolves around an on-demand production process that rewards consumers for “pre-planned responsible shopping.” Every week, they launch a new drop, available to pre-order for a discounted rate for a limited time. From pre-order, Alas determines how popular each new item is and calculates how many units should be produced to fulfill both pre-orders and future full-price orders, therefore reducing the overproduction of stock.
With made-to-order brands growing in popularity, it begs the question—could this be the dawn of a new, environmentally responsible era The answer is self-evident.
28. What do the first two paragraphs mainly show
A. Our strong desire for fashion.
B. The fast development of fashion industry.
C. The urgent need for a different fashion model.
D. The advantages and disadvantages of fast fashion.
29. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The shadow of fast fashion.
B. The value placed on quality.
C. The shift towards a green lifestyle.
D. The criticism for cheapness and quantity.
30. What does the example of Spanish brand Alas tell us
A. The reward mechanism is a must in slow fashion.
B. It takes patience and thought to buy made-to-order items.
C. The pre-order model reduces the cost of purchasing brands.
D. Consumers have a say about how their orders are produced.
31. As for the future of made-to-order fashion, the author is ________ .
A anxious B. confident
C. puzzled D. curious
D
People’s distrust in science has led many scientists to take up arms (or at least keyboards) to defend their enterprise. But in their efforts to fight back against science denial, some scientists say things that just aren’t true-and you can’t build trust if the things you are saying are not trustworthy.
One popular move is to insist that science is right-full stop-and that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Or, as famous physicist Steven Smith said, “Even though a scientific theory is in a sense a social consensus (共识), it is unlike any other sort of consensus in that it is culture-free and permanent.” Well, no. Even a modest familiarity with the history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that they needed to be reconsidered.
Another popular move is to say scientific findings are true because scientists use “the scientific method.” But we can never actually agree on what that method is. Some will say it is the observation and description of the world. Others will say it is the experimental method. Recently a prominent scientist claimed the scientific method was to avoid fooling oneself into thinking something is true that is not.
Each of these views has its merits, but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific method, then they all fail. In point of fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time.
In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is to claim that this is all somehow simple and therefore to imply that anyone who doesn’t get it is stupid. Science is not simple, and neither is the natural world; therein lies the challenge of science communication. What we do is both hard and, often. hard to explain. Our efforts to understand and characterize the natural world are just that: efforts. Because we’re human, we often fall nat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up, brush ourselves off, and get back to work.
Scientific theories are not perfect replicas of reality, but we have good reason to believe that they capture significant elements of it. And experience reminds us that when we ignore reality, it sooner or later comes back to bite us.
32. Paragraph 2 stresses that _________.
A. scientific theories may change with time
B the familiarity with science’s history matters
C. the unresolved matters should be reconsidered
D. a social consensus is culture-free and permanent
33. According to the passage, the author might agree that_________.
A. it is critical for scientists to stay true to reality
B. science puts an accurate interpretation on nature
C the definitions of the scientific method are outdated
D. the credibility of scientific theories is underestimated
34. How does the author persuade readers in this passage
A. By stressing the importance of science.
B. By comparing opposite opinions on science.
C. By questioning the way scientific discoveries are made.
D. By pointing out the fault in claims made by some scientists.
2022届北京市顺义区高三第二次统练英语试题（解析版）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Make It Modular: Student Design Challenge!
Imagine your community as a material bank, rich with resources to reuse. How could you improve the built environment by upcycling waste, circulating (循环) existing materials, or regenerating nature Your challenge is to design a structure that meets a need in your community now but could also be repurposed later.
“Designing for deconstruction” involves a modular approach in which building elements could be easily reconfigured, reimagined, and repurposed over time.
Your design should:
Include an approximately 20’ long x 8’ wide x 9.6’ high volumetric module
Be relevant to one of the following uses:
*Affordable Housing
*Covid-era Public Space
*Reimagined Outdoor Classroom
Approach the task with a real-world perspective, demonstrating skills and knowledge from one or more of the following fields: architecture, engineering, construction, and/or the skilled trades
Requirements:
1. Open to students ages 13-21 and currently enrolled (入学)in high school or homeschooled.
2. All entries MUST share the entrant’s grade level in the introductory step.
3. Submissions must be entered between March 7, 2022, and June 20, 2022.
If you have never posted an Instructable before, please refer to How to Write an Instructable guide for more information.
The prizes are intended as scholarship funds to support the winners’ education, such as tuition, books, room & board or transportation.
Entries will be judged based on the following criteria:
*3D Digital Literacy (能力)and Design;
*Engineering Mindset;
*Real-world Relevance;
*Presentation.
Read the full contest rules for more details.
21. According to the passage, the designs can______.
A. be used now and repurposed later B. be placed in a material bank
C. be submitted on August 20, 2022 D. be related to art and literature
22. If a student has never posted an Instructable before, what should he or she do
A. Contact the organizers. B. Quit the design contest.
C. Refer to an online guide. D. Read the full contest rules.
23. What can winners do with the prizes
A. To enroll in a high school. B. To pay for tuition and books.
C. To polish his presentation. D. To improve the built environment.
B
William Flaherty was diagnosed (诊断)with HLH when he was 3. It’s an often-fatal disease where the immune (免疫的)system attacks the body’s organs.
The doctor gave William 9.5 (on a scale of 1 to 10, 1 is you’re super healthy and 10 is you’re dead), which hit the family. There were days when they didn’t know if he would live through. In April of 2008, William got a bone-marrow (骨髓)transplant from his older brother Charles. The recover from it took long. He had a lot of aftereffects and even had 22 of his teeth pulled. At five, William skied for the first time. It helped a lot with low bone density (密度)and got him back in good shape.
One year later, William moved to Puerto Rico and fell in love with the island. When he brought up to represent Puerto Rico in Alpine skiing, his friends laughed. Puerto Rico doesn’t have snow. But William didn’t quit.
However it was tough for William to balance his training with medical appointments and going to school. So he did a school program totally online. He went to a lot of camps and there were lots of early mornings like 4:00 AM alarm clock. But he has managed to maintain straight As since halfway through third grade and he plans to head to college to study aerospace engineering.
Even a cold can lay him up for two weeks, so William took extra pre-cautions over the last two years. While training, he wore an N95 mask the whole time and couldn’t ride the lift with anyone. After training, he came home directly, hid in his bedroom and stayed away from people.
In 2022, the 17-year-old boy has had more than 30 operations. Having prepared for 7 years he finally made it to the starting line at Beijing Olympics.
“Skiing is really helpful because it forces me to focus on one thing,” he said. “I really want to prove to all the other transplant survivors that they can do whatever they want in life.”
24. Why did William Flaherty start skiing at the age of five
A. To improve health. B. To entertain himself.
C. To follow his family. D. To join in the Olympics.
25. Why did William decide to represent Puerto Rico in Alpine skiing
A. Because his friends supported him.
B. Because he loved skiing and Puerto Rico.
C. Because that could help him enter a good college.
D. Because Puerto Rico had better training environment.
26. Which of the following can best describe William Flaherty
A. Brave and kind. B. Hopeful and helpful.
C. Passionate and shy. D. Optimistic and hardworking.
27. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Skiing Life of a Teenager. B. Preparing Well for the Olympics.
C. Surviving from Severe Illness. D. Defeating Disease to Deliver Hope.
C
An ageing population is a global phenomenon. Countries are looking for the balm to address the demands of a swelling elderly community.
Many nations are threatened by a shortage of healthcare workers because of unenviable tasks such as bathing, feeding and changing the diapers. Advancements in technology now present an innovative solution to this. Japan has now developed carebots, specially-designed robots, to replace human caregivers. Japan is also working at more coordinated care for the elderly within the community which includes the integration of hospitals, homecare, elderly care centres and nursing homes. Putting in place a system that can effectively track and retrieve the medical history of every elderly person, Japan leverages technology to provide quality healthcare for the seniors.
The unique feature about Sweden is that most of the elderly live in their own homes where they continue to enjoy living independently. Local governments allocate funds and manage services while citizens have the freedom to choose the type of home services and their service provider. They can apply for homecare services including delivering meals to homes, hanging curtains, changing light bulbs etc. In Sweden, the focus is also on preventive care—keeping the elderly healthy. The elderly who are ill are not just given medicines but also a specific type of physical activity, where their doctors also monitor the outcome.
Singapore also provides more homecare services and day-care centres where the older people can go for rehabilitative and social activities. Besides, the government is creating more dementia-friendly communities, where support comes from the community. Various people within a community like policemen, shopkeepers and other volunteers are trained to assist the elderly with dementia (痴呆). With greater community awareness and support, it is more plausible for a dementia sufferer to stay at home instead of a nursing home.
In our search for the best model to meet the demands of a burgeoning ageing population, let us keep in mind that there is no one-size-fits-all solution. What is important is shouldering the responsibilities of caring for them and ensuring them to age well and comfortably.
28. How does Japan deal with the problem of the shortage of healthcare workers
A. By offering quality healthcare for the seniors.
B. By tracking the medical history of every elderly person.
C. By developing robots programmed with caregiving functions.
D. By integrating places like hospitals, homecare, and nursing homes.
29. According to the passage, what do Sweden and Singapore have in common
A. Optional care services are both provided free.
B. Independent living is respected and supported.
C. Preventive care for the elderly is highly valued.
D. Social activities and voluntary help are enjoyed.
30. What is the passage mainly about
A. Models for giving the elderly care.
B. Countries with an ageing population.
C Responsibilities of caring for the elderly.
D. Demands of a growing elderly community.
D
An economist, Adam Smith, famously wrote that “it is not from the benevolence (慈善)of the butcher, the brewer or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest.” Like Smith, many economists today believe that one’s self-interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies. Yet, in an increasingly interconnected society, it is even more crucial to have collaborative skills. Thus we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future.
Firstly, in the present age marked by the transformative potential of technology to facilitate interactions, cooperation is an especially prized soft skill to have. As a research study proves, soft skills such as good communication and empathy consist of qualitative indicators of outstanding employees as compared to technical skills or knowledge. In contrast, excessively (过分地)competitive and individualistic behaviour may fracture social relations in the community of co-workers and since no man is an island, even the most competent employee will not be able to pursue his goals effectively without the help of others who are able to share a common vision and understanding.
Moreover, encouraging cooperation increase a healthy sense of self-esteem in children that better prepares them for the competitive working world. Many modern societies today are consumed by an obsessive drive for success and the pressure to perform has infiltrated both classrooms and offices alike. The consequences of the fierce competitive culture include higher rates of anxiety and depression among university students and office workers, which are all counterproductive. Teamwork can help a maturing individual realise that each has his or her own unique set of abilities to bring to the table and that another person’s strengths do not in any way diminish (降低)the value of his or her talents. Thus, cooperation can affirm the self-worth of children by correcting the violent insight that winning or paper achievement is an exclusive (唯一)measure of success in life.
However, critics may claim that in a cutthroat world, adapting to competition should be of supreme priority in education and parenting. To achieve one’s deepest ambitions, such as to become a medical student, or to create a tech start-up, one has to adopt competition by actively fighting for opportunities and distinguishing oneself from others. Nevertheless, since passion can already stimulate children to work hard to fulfill their ambitions, the need to encourage competition may be at the end of the day. As much as external competition can drive people to pursue excellence, internal motivation is at least equally or arguably even more essential, and collaboration plays an instrumental role in helping one uncover one’s tendency and motivations.
31. What can be inferred from Adam Smith’s words
A. Our society is increasingly interconnected.
B. Our dinner is made out of the regards to markets.
C Self-interest pushes the development of economies.
D. The butcher, the brewer or the baker is not sympathy.
32. What does the underlined word “fracture” mean in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Deepen. B. Establish. C. Maintain. D. Damage.
33. Which of the following might the author agree with
A. Paper achievement is an exclusive measure of success.
B. Confidence and ambitions can be achieved through cooperation.
C. Actively fighting for distinguishing oneself is a healthy competition.
D. Competition is not essential for people to pursue excellence.
34. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage
A. To introduce parents the advantages of cooperation.
B. To inform parents to balance cooperation and competition.
C. To persuade parents to care about their children’s education.
D. To tell parents to encourage their children to learn to cooperate.
2022届北京市西城区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
GRANDPARENTS WILL LOVE THESE GADGETS Grandparents deserve the finer things in life. Now it’s time to reward your loved ones with some great gifts. To help family shoppers out, we’ve put together a list of gadgets that won’t break the bank. These gifts for grandparents make everything more enjoyable. Money can’t buy happiness, but sometimes it can help promote your connection.
001 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO LOVE TO READ All-new Kindle Paperwhite is a worthwhile upgrade for grandparents who like reading e-books. This version features a larger 6.8-inch display and adjustable warm light. Grandparents will have no trouble operating it. The new one provides 32GB—plenty of space for favorite book titles. Price: 32GB—$190（an additional $20 for the ad-free version）
002 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO ARE FAR AWAY Being apart from children and grandchildren is difficult, but Filimin Friendship Lamps can ensure grandparents are never out of mind even if they’re out of sight. Each family member connects the Friendship Lamp to Wi-Fi. It takes little effort to set up and use. Keep one, give the other to grandparents, and whenever you touch your lamp, theirs will light up too. You can customize these lamps with over 200 color options. Price: $105（10% discount if you buy on Filimin’s website）
003 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO ENJOY CONVENIENCE Nothing beats a warm cup of coffee on a freezing winter morning, and the Ember Temperature Control Smart Mug keeps drinks at the perfect temperature no matter how long it takes grandma or grandpa to enjoy their coffee or tea. It hardly requires any complex steps to use. The temperature can be controlled via smartphone app. Purchase it in our physical stores today. Price: $99.95（$180 for two）
004 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO LOSE THINGS Nothing is more frustrating than being ready to go somewhere important and being unable to find the car keys. Esky makes lost keys a thing of the past. Four receivers can be attached to grandparents’ most treasured items. By just pressing the color-coded button on the transmitter, grandparents can be led to lost items by a beeping sound. You can order it on Amazon. Price: $24.99（$20 in May）
21. What information can we get from the advertisement
A. The Ember Mug can keep drinks warm for a limited time.
B. It is impossible to skip advertisements while using Kindle Paperwhite.
C. Users know their family are thinking of them when the Friendship Lamp is on.
D. Clicking a button on the Esky receiver enables users to find things they’ve lost.
22. What feature do the four products have in common
A. Online availability. B. Easy operation.
C. Special discount. D. Smartphone control.
23. Who is this advertisement intended for
A. Family members wanting to buy gifts for their elders.
B. Sales people studying grandparents’ preferences.
C. Companies selling products to elderly people.
D. Grandparents favoring advanced technology.
B
My name is Stella Young. I grew up in a very small country town in Victoria. I had a very normal, low-key kind of upbringing. I went to school; I hung out with my friends; I fought with my younger sisters. It was all very normal. And when I was 15, a member of my local community approached my parents and wanted to submit my name for a community achievement award. My parents said, “Hmm, that’s really nice, but there’s kind of one obvious problem with that. She hasn’t actually achieved anything.” And they were right. You know I went to school, I got good marks, and I had a very low-key after-school job in my mum’s hairdressing salon.
Years later, I was on my second teaching round in a Melbourne high school, and I was about 20 minutes into a year-11 Legal Studies class when a boy put up his hand and said, “Hey Miss, when are you going to start your speech ”
And I said, “What speech ”
And he said, “You know, like, your motivational speaking. You know, when people in wheelchairs come to school, they usually say, like, inspirational stuff. It’s usually in the big hall.”
And that was the moment I realized that this kid had only ever experienced disabled people as objects of inspiration.
For lots of us, disabled people are not our teachers or our doctors. We’re not real people. We are there to inspire. Yeah, we’ve been sold the lie that disability is a bad thing, and to live with a disability makes you exceptional.
It’s not a bad thing, and it doesn’t make you exceptional. And in the past few years, we’ve been able to spread this lie even further through social media.
Life as a disabled person is actually somewhat difficult. We do overcome some things. But they have nothing to do with our bodies. I use the term “disabled people” purposely, because I subscribe to what’s called the social model of disability. This model tells us that we are more disabled by the society that we live in than by our bodies and our diagnoses（诊断）.
I want to live in a world where we don’t have such low expectations of disabled people that we are congratulated for getting out of bed and remembering our own names in the morning. I want to live in a world where we value disabled people’s real achievement. And I want to live in a world where a year-11 kid in a Melbourne high school is not one bit surprised that his new teacher is a wheelchair user.
24. What can we learn from Stella Young in the first paragraph
A. She couldn’t get along well with her friends and sisters.
B. She played a key role at her mum’s hairdressing salon.
C. She received an award for a great achievement.
D. She lived an ordinary life in a country town.
25. What can we infer from the dialogue between Stella Young and the boy
A. The boy didn’t have much life experience.
B. People have fixed ideas about the disabled.
C. The disabled can’t find decent jobs because they are incapable.
D. Stella Young felt uncomfortable because of the boy’s impoliteness.
26. According to the passage, Stella Young may agree that ______.
A. social media offends the public by spreading lies about the disabled
B. the disabled are less likely to be successful in their careers
C. society’s attitude makes disabled people’s life difficult
D. people’s expectations of the disabled are too high
27. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. On the journey to becoming exceptional B. The secret behind my disability
C. Show sympathy to the disabled D. I’m not your inspiration
C
Music is a powerful thing. It awakens feelings and has the power to bring people together. But today, artists are not known for their music, but for how flashy their clothing is and how many times their wealthy relatives can get them out of jail(监狱). And thus, their music is lost.
Pop and rap music has developed into a shallow, image-addicted industry that lines up with what the public wants to hear and see, removing the focus on the actual music. Mainstream music is no longer composed of emotion, but instead, themes of money and fame. Photos and rumors fly while the music is ignored.
Not all musical groups or individual artists begin like this. Many of these artists are original and talented, but turn to the money side. Often their songs are written by experts who know what is appealing to a certain age group, and the musicians’ faces can be seen on countless magazine covers. Soon their supposedly new and improved songs can be heard blasting out of car windows. But these songs are totally empty, lacking creativity and the original thirst of the artist to make an impact or convey(传递) a message.
MTV is not helping. It plays only what the public wants to hear. And unfortunately, the majority seems interested in either sickly sweet, generic pop or stereotypical(刻板的), bleeped-out rap. Kids and teens everywhere are swimming in these songs, which are often degrading to women and minorities, and inappropriate.
Almost all the girls in my dorm are addicted to the same songs. This was the case the previous year, and the year before that. Whenever I try to play music I enjoy, or introduce them to some decent songs, they say that everyone except me likes their music.
Why do most teenagers only listen to pop and rap music when so many other types exist Maybe it’s because everywhere we look, we are bombarded with the same music: on the radio, on TV, on the computer. At school, pop and rap are discussed all the time. Perhaps they have never listened to anything else. Or maybe peer pressure is part of it.
There is no solution to the “pop problem”. It’s called popular for a reason—many people enjoy it. There’s no easy way to change their views. My suggestion is not to buy music like this when you can explore something new. Expand your horizons. Dig up your parents’ old records and CDs. You never know what you might find.
28. The author probably prefers ______.
A. new pop songs meant for girls B. original songs with deep meaning
C. catchy songs produced by popular singers D. never-heard-before songs just recently discovered
29. What can we learn from the passage
A. Many artists trade creativity for wealth and fame.
B. The public is responsible for the existence of music.
C. MTV promotes the songs favored by women and minorities.
D. Musicians singing about money is an ineffective way to attract fans.
30. What is most probably the author’s suggestion for young people
A. Try to respect your peers’ music tastes.
B. Deal with the “pop problem” patiently.
C. Expose yourself to various music styles.
D. Treasure the music from previous generations.
D
NASA will crash a spacecraft into an asteroid(小行星) to try to change its orbit, attempting to prevent humans going the same way as the dinosaurs.
Earth is constantly being disturbed by small pieces of debris(碎片), but they usually burn up or break up long before they hit the ground. Once in a while, however, something large enough to do significant damage makes impact. About 66 million years ago, one such crash is thought to have wiped out the dinosaurs. Someday, something similar could end human beings—unless we can find a way to tackle it.
NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test(Dart) mission is the first attempt to test if such asteroid redirection is a realistic strategy: investigating whether a spacecraft can autonomously reach a target asteroid and intentionally crash into it, as well as measuring the amount of redirection. “If it works, it would be a big deal, because it would prove that we have the technical capability of protecting ourselves,” said Jay Tate, the director of the National Near Earth Object Information Center.
The 610kg Dart spacecraft is scheduled to be launched at the target—the Didymos system—a harmless pair of asteroids consisting of a 163-metre “moonlet” asteroid called Dimorphos that orbits a larger 780-metre asteroid called Didymos(Greek for “twin”). The plan is to crash the spacecraft into Dimorphos when the asteroid system is at its closest to Earth—about 6.8 million miles away.
About 10 days before impact, a miniaturized satellite called LiciaCube will separate from the main spacecraft, enabling images of the impact to be relayed back to bined with observations from ground-based telescopes, and an onboard camera that will record the final moments before the crash, these recordings will enable scientists to calculate the degree to which the impact has changed Dimorphos’s orbit. The expectation is that it will change the speed of the smaller asteroid by approximately 1% and reduce its orbit around the larger asteroid.
Then, in November 2024, the European Space Agency’s Hera spacecraft will visit the Didymos system and conduct a further close-up analysis of the consequences of this snooker(斯诺克) game, recording details such as the precise makeup and internal structure of Dimorphos, and the size and shape of the hole left by Dart. Such details are vital for transforming asteroid redirection into a repeatable technique.
Even then, it is impossible that any single redirection strategy would be enough. “The problem is that no two asteroids or comets are alike, and how you redirect one depends on a huge number of variables. There is no silver bullet in this game. What you need is a whole folder of different redirection methods for different types of targets,” said Tate.
So while this may be one small step towards planetary protection, many more are likely to be necessary to avoid destruction.
31. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2
A. To examine the impact of dinosaurs’ extinction.
B. To explain the necessity of launching a spacecraft.
C. To show the damage caused by small pieces of debris.
D. To highlight the crisis threatening human beings at present.
32. Which of the following pictures illustrates the mission
A. B.
C. D.
33. What is the function of LiciaCube
A. Sending impact data back to Earth.
B. Calculating the length of Dimorphos’s orbit.
C. Helping the satellite separate from the spacecraft.
D. Recording the scientists’ ground-based observations.
34. What does the underlined sentence “There is no silver bullet in this game” mean
A. There is no challenge too big to overcome.
B. There is no possibility to satisfy NASA’s needs.
C. There is no single solution to the complex problem.
D. There is no strategy to help make an obvious decision.
答案：
2022届北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷（解析版）
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是一个在马德里的西班牙语课程。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Program Highlights部分的“ Internship (实习) option/Included weekend long trip to the scenic mountain town of Candelario/weekly cultural activities( 实习选择/包括周末前往风景优美的山城Candelario的长途旅行/每周的文化活动)”可知，通过参与该项目，你可以获得实习机会，故选D。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Verano Espaiol: Why Madrid 部分的“No city on earth is more alive than Madrid, an attractive place whose sheer energy carries a simple message: this is one city which really knows how to live.(地球上没有哪个城市比马德里更有活力，一个充满吸引力的地方，其纯粹的能量传递着一个简单的信息：这是一个真正懂得如何生活的城市。)”可知，据《孤独星球》报道，马德里被选为该项目的目的地主要是因为它的文化，故选C。
23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Program Travel Dates部分的“14May-25June, 2022(活动时间：2022年5月14日至6月25日)”可知，这个项目5月14日开始，故选C。
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了由Seva赞助的筛选营为人们提供帮助，让一个九岁的女孩温迪恢复视力，拥有光明未来的故事。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Over two days,700 people waited patiently to have their eyes examined at the temporary clinic that had been set up in the center of town.(在两天的时间里，700人耐心地等待着在市中心设立的临时诊所接受眼睛检查。)”可知，人们耐心地排队等待检查眼睛，希望恢复健康，由此可推知，人们在等待时是充满希望的。故选A项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Five years ago, Wendy had lost vision in her eye after accidentally being bumped in the head while playing with friends.(五年前，温迪在和朋友玩耍时头部意外被撞伤，导致眼睛失明。)”可知，温迪眼睛失明是因为她不小心撞到了头。故选B项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The next morning after a successful surgery, the eye patch was removed and Wendy slowly opened her eyes. For the first few days, Wendy’s vision was a little blurry. But after being fitted with a pair of prescription glasses, Wendy’s follow-up exam showed that her vision had come back nicely and the surgery had been a great success!(手术成功后的第二天早上，眼罩被移除，温迪慢慢睁开了眼睛。最初几天，温迪的视力有点模糊。但在配戴了一副处方眼镜后，温迪的后续检查显示她的视力恢复得很好，手术非常成功！)”可知，温迪的视力恢复得很好，获得了幸福的结局，是因为她的手术非常成功。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“With vision restored, Wendy can now see clearly and is excited to be returning to school. Thanks to Seva donors, Wendy’s future is bright and full of potential.(视力恢复后，温迪现在能看得很清楚，很高兴能回到学校。多亏了Seva捐赠者，温迪的未来是光明的，充满潜力。)”可知，在Seva的帮助下，急需帮助的温迪恢复了视力，获得了光明的未来，所以作者通过本文想要表达帮助那些需要帮助的人会产生影响。故选B项。
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了动物尤其是牛在整个食物链上对对温室气体排放的不良影响。呼吁人们吃其他动物，或者成为素食者，并指出实验室培育的肉类可能在减缓气候灾难方面发挥重要作用。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“In a survey in Britain last year, the share of answerers saying that “producing plants and meat on farms” was a “significant contributor” to climate change was the lowest among ten listed activities.”（去年在英国进行的一项调查中，回答者认为”农场生产植物和肉类”是造成气候变化的”重要因素”的人数比例，在所列的10项活动中排名最低。）可知，食物对温室气体(GHG)排放的影响可能不人们忽视。所以划线词的意思是“被人们忽视”。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Relative to other food sources, beef is uniquely carbon-intensive. Because cattle emit methane(甲烷)and need large grasslands that are often created by cutting more forests, they produce seven times as many GHGS per calorie of meat as pigs do. This makes beef a bigger share among foods than coal is among sources of electricity.”（相对于其他食物来源，牛肉是唯一的碳密集型食品。因为牛会排放甲烷，而且需要大草原，而大草原往往是砍伐更多的森林造成的，所以每消耗一卡路里的肉，牛产生的温室气体是猪的七倍。这使得牛肉在食品中的份额比煤炭在电力来源中的份额还要大。）以及最后一段“Lab-grown meat could play an essential role in slowing a climate disaster.”（实验室培育的肉类可能在减缓气候灾难方面发挥重要作用）由此判断出，不吃牛排可能是减少温室气体排放的有效方法。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fortunately, lab-grown meats are moving from Petri dishes(培养皿)to high-end restaurants. Doing without beef from live cattle is hard to imagine, but the same was true of coal 100 years ago.”（幸运的是，实验室培养的肉类，正从培养皿转移到高档餐厅。很难想象没有活牛的牛肉，但100年前的煤炭也是如此。）可知，作者在最后一段提到了煤炭，只是为了展示实验室培育牛肉的未来。故选D项。
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了机器人进入日常生活后给人们带来的便利以及由此人们出现的担忧。
【31题详解】
推理判断