课时跟踪检测（二） Warm-up & Lesson 1 — Language Points
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．To be honest, I can't guarantee to_work (work) out the puzzle in 10 minutes.
2. I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job.
3. He was always absent from school, and his absence (absent) annoyed the teacher very much.
4. More than one teaching method was_used (use) in this English class.
5．—Thank you for keeping me informed (inform) of everything that's happening.
—Don't mention it.
6．There are signs that this type of smartphone has become more popular with the young people.
7．The film Aftershock touched me deeply. Much of what happened in the film was true.
Ⅱ.选词填空
get ahead， stand out， rely on， keep in mind， lead to， in case， in the absence of， adjust to
1．They watched him closely in_case he should escape.
2．If you do not train hard, the opponent will easily get_ahead.
3．Global warming is an increasingly huge concern for the world, which has led_to many rivers and lakes drying up these years.
4．Some people from small towns have trouble adjusting_to the fast pace of urban life.
5．After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood_out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response.
6．In_the_absence_of evidence, the police had to let Tom go.
7．Now that you have grown up, you should not rely_on your parents.
8．Please keep_in_mind that success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.
Ⅲ.课文缩写语法填空
Many people predicted in the 1700s that English 1.would_be (be) the global language one day, which proved to be the case.With the growing international companies and the great advances in communications, more and more people tend to learn English as the second language.And the fact is 2.that speaking more than one language makes you 3.outstanding (outstand). People have realized that in the absence of the native language environment, people can not learn it well. In other words, you have to 4.be_surrounded (surround) by the language.5.Sadly (sad), most of the English learners can not live in the native country, 6.which means we can only depend on our school resources. So teachers have to guarantee 7.an adequate amount of input in English, which can be conveyed 8.to students through various mediums.Since extra curricula work may accelerate language learning, here are some suggestions to English learners: setting 9.achievable (achieve) targets; listening to English songs; watching English DVDs; studying with your friends; and rewarding yourself. Please remember 10.to_keep (keep) dedicated.
Ⅳ.完形填空
I saw my teacher reaching to the trash can and picking out the answers that I had thrown away. My heart __1__.
Earlier that day I found my __2__ to a group who had got the test's answers. Given the answers, I felt glad that I had saved hours of __3__. But later after throwing the copied answers, I got __4__.
When I landed on the USA at the age of 12, I wished to be __5__. To adapt to (适应) the new culture, I learned to talk, dress like others, and, unfortunately, __6__ like others.
My teacher warned me that others are not always __7__. I realized I had taken many __8__ turns after speaking with him. __9__， it was not too late to head back in the right direction. __10__ most of my classmates cheated in their study, I was determined not to allow my characters to be __11__ by the faults.
When I returned to class the next day, everyone's __12__ seemed strange yet familiar. They screamed across the classroom, telling one another homework solutions as __13__， but as my teacher's words __14__ in my head, I stepped out of their world.
I realized what the students were __15__ when they copied the answers. __16__ problems and gaining new knowledge became a(n) __17__ part of my day. Tests no longer were __18__ but became challenges to my intellect (智力). My class grades no longer __19__ my classmates' favor but my own ability and efforts.
I no longer want to be like those in the crowd, for the road __20__ traveled by is not always the right route to achievements.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。初到美国，作者为了被他人接受，处处学别人，包括他们坏的做法，一次考试作弊被抓后作者才幡然醒悟。
1．A.hurt B．failed
C．sank D．ached
解析：选C 由“picking out the answers that I had thrown away”可知，老师在垃圾桶里找到作者扔的试题答案，考试作弊被抓，作者很紧张，所以心沉了一下。
2．A.way B．place
C．voice D．visit
解析：选A 由“Given the answers”可知，作者走到了那群人中，从他们那儿得到了试题的答案。
3．A.recovering B．studying
C．panicking D．searching
解析：选B 作者拿到了试题的答案，觉得自己省下了学习以应付考试的时间。
4．A.lost B．confused
C．tired D．caught
解析：选D 第一段讲到作者把写着答案的纸条扔进垃圾桶后被老师抓到了。
5．A.known B．accepted
C．instructed D．prepared
解析：选B 由“To adapt to the new culture, I learned to talk, dress like others”可知，作者来到美国后的所作所为都是为了被他人接纳。
6．A.share B．transform
C．cheat D．improve
解析：选C 作者考试作弊的行为就是一种欺骗行为，据此可知，作者也学会了像他人一样欺骗。
7．A.correct B．smart
C．available D．aggressive
解析：选A 由“warning”以及上文作者学习他人考试作弊可知，老师警告作者说他人的做法不一定都是对的。
8．A.sudden B．ridiculous
C．new D．different
解析：选B 经过老师的教育，作者认识到自己的行为是多么荒谬。
9．A.Generally B．Certainly
C．Eventually D．Fortunately
解析：选D 由“it was not too late to head back in the right direction”可知，庆幸的是重返正途还不晚。
10．A.If B．Since
C．Though D．Because
解析：选C most of my classmates cheated in their study和作者的决定之间是转折关系。
11．A.covered B．affected
C．built D．approved
解析：选B 由“by the faults”可知，作者的同学考试作弊，但作者决定不再受他们的影响。
12．A.judgment B．existence
C．attitude D．behavior
解析：选D 下文“They screamed across the classroom, telling one another homework solutions”就是同学们的做法。
13．A.well B．follows
C．usual D．early
解析：选C 由“familiar”可知，同学们仍像往常一样在教室里大声传播作业的答案。
14．A.fell B．rang
C．rose D．disappeared
解析：选B “I stepped out of their world”可知，老师的话在作者脑中响起，所以他决定不再与他们为伍。
15．A.missing B．regretting
C．noting D．conveying
解析：选A 由“when they copied the answers”可知，作弊的同时会失去一些东西。
16．A.Presenting B．Avoiding
C．Solving D．Considering
解析：选C 由“gaining new knowledge”可知，作者致力于解决问题。
17．A.small B．extra
C．easy D．vital
解析：选D 由本段最后一句可知，作者现在的重点在于把学习搞好。
18．A.sufferings B．sorrows
C．tendencies D．opportunities
解析：选A 由作者以前对考试的态度可知，如今考试对于他不再是痛苦的事，而成为对他智力的考验。
19．A.consisted of B．belonged to
C．concentrated on D．depended on
解析：选D 由“but my own ability and efforts”可知，作者的分数现在不再是依靠同学们给答案，而是靠自己的能力与努力。
20．A.most B．you
C．nobody D．I
解析：选A 由“I no longer want to be like those in the crowd”，结合上文的“________ most of my classmates cheated in their study”可知，大多数人走的路不一定就是通向成功的正确道路。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Privacy is translated as “yin si” in Chinese.Traditionally, in the Chinese mind, “yin si” is associated with that which is closed or unfair.If someone is said to have “yin si”， meddlers (好事者) will be attracted to pry (刺探) into his or her affairs.So people always state that they don't have “yin si”．
On the contrary, Americans often declare their intention to protect their privacy.Their understanding of privacy is that others have no right to pry into things which belong to themselves alone and have nothing to do with others.One who is too curious and who spreads rumors is said to violate the right to privacy.
In the evening, Sonia and I went to a bar for dinner. In China, when people mention bars, something bad usually comes to mind.But here, the bar was a quiet and tastefully laid out place. People spoke quite softly, afraid of interrupting their neighbors, and sat face to face as they drank, sometimes three or five persons sitting together.
This sort of atmosphere was totally different from my preconception, so I wanted to take a picture.Sonia stopped me：“Don't you see these people are pouring out their hearts Maybe they are colleagues, friends, or lovers.They came here looking for a peaceful place free from interruption by others.They wouldn't want to leave any trace of their having come here.So taking their pictures would be a serious violation of their right to privacy.”
Is there privacy between husband and wife One of Sonia's friends married a talented Chinese man, but recently she became so angry that she wanted a divorce.The reason was that her husband had opened one of her letters and looked through her purse.The husband didn't realize that this is not tolerated in the US.He thought that being a couple was like being one person; why couldn't he see the letter or the contents of the purse Truly, everyone, even those living as a couple, needs room — not only in space, but in the heart.
语篇解读：由于中美文化背景不同，价值观不同，人们常常在“隐私权”方面产生冲突，这就需要我们了解文化内涵，尊重对方隐私，即使夫妻之间也不例外。
1．Sonia stopped me when I wanted to take a picture in the bar because ________.
A．taking pictures in a bar was not allowed in America
B．taking pictures in a bar would interrupt the neighbors
C．people who came here are colleagues, friends or lovers
D．taking pictures in a bar would violate other people's right to privacy
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第四段最后两句“They wouldn't want to leave any trace of their having come here.So taking their pictures would be a serious violation of their right to privacy.”可知，Sonia阻止“我”是因为“我”的做法侵犯了别人的隐私。
2．Which of the following is NOT the Americans' understanding of privacy
A．There is privacy even between couples.
B．The right to privacy shouldn't be violated by others.
C．Other people have no right to pry into his or her affairs.
D．Privacy is connected with something that is unfair
and bad.
解析：选D 细节理解题。在传统中国观念里，隐私是见不得人的事，但在美国却恰恰相反，隐私并非是见不得人的事，所以选D项。
3．According to the passage, we can do the followings in America EXCEPT________.
A．declare that we have privacy
B．take pictures in a national park
C．ask others about their marriage
D．go to a bar with friends
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章和英语学习背景知识可知，在美国询问别人的薪水、婚否都会触及别人的隐私。
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A．“Privacy” is different in China and America.
B．Everyone in every country needs room for himself.
C．Everyone has the right to protect his own privacy.
D．There is privacy between husband and wife in America.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了中美对隐私的不同理解。课时跟踪检测（三） Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
Ⅰ.根据汉语意思写出单词
1. The company has negotiated (协商) a new contract with its staff.
2．I find she resembles (相似) her sister in appearance but not in character.
3．That was merely (仅仅) a guess of mine.Don't take it too seriously.
4．Most equipment on the dairy farm was purchased (购买) with the workers' own earnings.
5．Susan and I are convinced that we are true soul mates (伙伴)．
6. His works won the enthusiastic approval (赞许) of a wide range of readers.
7．He remained unconscious_ (无意识的) for more than an hour before he came to.
8．The water in the lake is so transparent (透明的) that we can see the fishes swimming.
9．The plane flew upwards (向上地) in the sky and soon out of sight.
10．We congratulated (祝贺) him on his birthday, for which he was thankful.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．When first introduced (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
2. The plan had the approval (approve) of the school authorities.
3. Did you come to London for/with the purpose of seeing (see) your family
4. —John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh, congratulations (congratulate)!
5．I saw him reading (read) a book on the bench under a tree when I passed by.
6．The little pupil took his grandma by the arm and walked her across the street.
7．This machine is very easy to_operate (operate)．Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
8. Boys and girls, if you can't catch on to what I said, please put up your hands.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The harder you study, the_more_progress_you_will_make.
你越努力，取得的进步越大。
2．If_you_helped/were_to/should_help_me,_I would do it better.
要是你能帮助我的话，我将会做得更好。
3．The policeman caught_the_thief_by_the_arm in the supermarket.
在超市里，警察抓住了小偷的胳膊。
4．While/When_(I_was)_walking_along_the_street,_I heard my name called.
当我正在街上散步时，听见有人叫我的名字。
5．We went to the party with_our_parents'_approval.
我们取得父母同意后去参加聚会。
6．Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is_hard_to_get_along_with.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。
Ⅳ.课文语法缩写填空
Body language uses a set of 1.gestures (gesture), facial expressions and body movements 2.to_communicate (communicate) attitudes and feelings. 3.It is extremely important if people of different cultures don't share 4.a common spoken language.If people don't understand others' body language, it can be misunderstood. Hundreds of gestures 5.that have different meanings 6.have_been_studied (study)．Not knowing 7.what a particular gesture means in different countries can be 8.confusing (confuse). 9.However,_regardless 10.of the differences of body language in different cultures, there is one form of body language that enjoys universal recognition — the smile.
Ⅴ.阅读理解
People from different places have different gestures.But there are few common gestures in the whole world.They have difference in meanings and expressions from place to place.
The Ring.This gesture is made by touching the tip of thumb by the tip of the index finger. It is one of the most common gestures in the whole world.This gesture has different meanings in different places.The general meaning of this gesture is “OK” or “All Correct”. In the USA it means OK.The Japanese understand money or coin by this gesture. At the same time this gesture means “Worthless” in France, Belgium and Tunisia. In Arab countries the same gesture signals a threat.
The Thumbs Up.This gesture is done by folding four fingers, with the thumb not being folded and keeping standing. In Australia, the USA, South Africa, Singapore and New Zealand this sign is used while asking for a lift.The most common meaning of this gesture is “OK” or “Good”. In Europe it means “One”．
The V Sign.This V Sign is done by the index finger and mid finger, while folding the other three fingers.In Australia, New Zealand and the UK it means “Up Yours”．In the USA it expresses Two. Germans express victory by this and French people express peace.
This world is a theatre of numerous cultures.Due to some basic human instincts, there are many common gestures around the world. A good knowledge of these cross cultural gestures can help us to deal and communicate with people from various nations in a cross cultural environment.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一些相同的手势在不同的国家地区代表着不同的含义。
1. Which of the following pictures shows the Ring
解析：选A 细节理解题。从第二段“This gesture is made by touching the tip of thumb by the tip of the index finger.”可知答案。
2．If you give the gesture of the Ring in an Arab country, people will probably________.
A．be happy to see it B．feel frightened
C．laugh at you D．get excited about it
解析：选B 细节理解题。从第二段最后一句“In Arab countries the same gesture signals a threat.”可知答案。
3．In Australia, people will give the Thumbs Up to________.
A．praise someone B．ask for a lift
C．call a taxi D．express agreement
解析：选B 细节理解题。从第三段“In Australia ... this sign is used while asking for a lift”可知，这是搭便车的手势。
4. What does the V Sign mean in the United States
A．Up Yours. B．Two.
C．Victory. D．Peace.
解析：选B 细节理解题。从倒数第二段可知答案。
Ⅵ.阅读七选五
Reasons to Take Part in
Student Clubs and Organizations
Many college students don't know what they're missing by not taking part in the student clubs and organizations that are offered at most colleges and universities. Taking part in one can be a rich and rewarding experience. __1__ Check them out and see what's available. Here are a few reasons why you should take part in student clubs and organizations.
Meet new people.
It can be hard to meet new people in college, especially in your first year. __2__ However, in a club, you'll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest.
Help your major.
There are many student clubs and organizations for different majors and departments. Such clubs can be a lot of fun as well as a great academic resource for you. By joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments. __3__
Learn important leadership skills.
Student clubs and organizations can be a good way to learn important leadership skills that would look great on job applications. __4__ These skills could be event planning, finance management, and so on. Find a club that you love being a part of and if you work hard you might be able to gain such a position.
__5__
Lastly, student clubs and organizations can simply be a lot of fun. Make sure to take advantage of student clubs and organizations to make the most of your time in college!
A．Have fun.
B．Never waste energy.
C．Class sizes can be big.
D．Take advantage of your major.
E．So don't just walk past those tables during clubs week.
F．In a club, you will be able to gain other important skills.
G．And you might even get access to study skills and other academic advice.
语篇解读：文章主要介绍了大学生在大学期间参加俱乐部和组织的益处。
1．选E 根据设空后的“Check them out and see what's available” (去看一看有没有合适的)，再结合下文提供的要参加学生俱乐部的理由可知，设空处应是表述不要错过俱乐部纳新的机会。故选E项。
2．选C 根据设空后的 “... you'll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest.”可知，俱乐部圈子小，而且大家志趣相投，因此设空处很可能说的是大学的班级一般人员很多。故选C项。
3．选G 根据设空前的 “... joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments.”可知，加入俱乐部有助于学术成长。故选G项，该项中的academic与上文的academic club相照应。
4．选F 根据设空后的“These skills could be event planning, finance management”可知，设空处应是指除学会领导技能以外的其他技能，关键词skills与F项中的skills相呼应。故选F项。
5．选A 根据下文中的“Lastly ... simply be a lot of fun.”可知，本段的主题是：加入俱乐部或组织给大学生活带来很多的乐趣。故选A项。课时跟踪检测（四） Communication Workshop
Ⅰ.根据首字母或汉语意思写出单词
1．A driver is asked to keep his safety belt fastened while driving on the freeway.
2．Many students register for these courses to widen skills for use in their current jobs.
3．I think I have the competence to be a tourist guide.
4．The school promises to serve all the students sincerely with high quality.
5．A punctual person always does something or arrives somewhere at the right time and is not late.
6．You won't be allowed to teach unless you have the certificate (证书) to be a school teacher.
7．As the wages were low, there were few applicants (申请人) for the job.
8．That the teacher blamed me in front of the class did embarrass (使尴尬) me.
9．Seldom have I heard an amateur (业余人员) can play the piano as well as Jim.
10．He was punished for not obeying the regulation (规章)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
provided that， focus on， sign up， a wide variety of， save up， in addition， look forward to
1．The factory attempted to take on more young women, but few signed_up.
2．The traveler is on the way home, looking_forward_to seeing his relatives as soon as possible.
3．We should go provided_that the weather is fine.
4．The present trouble is tough, but to pull through, we must work hard.In_addition,_we need help.
5．The conference will focus__on how to prevent the spread of AIDS throughout the world.
6．We were offered a_wide_variety_of choices for jobs.
7．It took me a year to save_up for a new car.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1．说实话，在这一点上我不同意你的意见。(to be honest)
To_be_honest,_I_don't_agree_with_you_on_this_point.
2．我不想出去；我宁愿待在家里看书。(would prefer to do)
I_don't_want_to_go_outside;_I_would_prefer_to_stay_at_home_and_read_a_book.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Using body language can be a good way of letting someone know you are interested in them or are feeling confident in a situation. As everyone's experience is different, there are a number of things you should consider.
Everyone is different when it comes to feeling comfortable with the amount of space left between themselves and someone else. Generally speaking, the closer you stand to someone, the more intimate the relationship is. For instance, two friends may stand just inches away. It is a good idea to be aware of your personal space and if you don't feel comfortable with the distance between you and someone else, it may help to step back a little. Being aware of the reactions of someone else is also important.
In some situations it may be appropriate to touch someone as a sign of comfort, interest, or friendship. If you want to offer your support or to let someone know you are interested in them, putting your hand on their shoulders or arms may be appropriate. Be careful when you want to touch someone you don't know very well.It may be helpful to remember that the less you know about someone, the harder it is to judge whether it is appropriate to touch them.
Tears and laughter are forms of expression that we think are fairly easy to interpret. Tears are used to express many different things — sorrow, joy, and anger. Laughter can be a sign of happiness and friendliness, but it can also be a sign of contempt (轻视) and sarcasm (讽刺). Sometimes we also laugh if we are scared.Occasionally, people who work with other people in the health departments will laugh if they learn of something particularly tragic — violence or death. This is likely to be a way to keep a normal and healthy mind after seeing so many horrible incidents in their work and may also stop them from breaking down and crying.
语篇解读：由于每个人的经历各有不同，因此在用肢体语言进行交流时需要考虑许多方面。
1．The underlined word “intimate” in the second paragraph probably means “________”．
A．close B．important
C．perfect D．formal
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第二段“For instance, two friends may stand just inches away.”可以推断，关系越密切的人站得就越近，故选A。
2．If a person who is talking to you steps back a little, that probably means ________.
A．he doesn't feel confident in the situation
B．he feels uncomfortable with the distance between you two
C．he has no interest in the subject that you're talking about
D．he doesn't want to make friends with you
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段“if you don't feel comfortable with the distance between you and someone else, it may help to step back a little”可知应选B。
3．Before you touch someone you don't know very well, you'd better ________.
A．choose a proper position
B．ask for their permission
C．learn more about their experiences
D．think about whether it is appropriate to do so
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段“It may be helpful to remember that the less you know about someone, the harder it is to judge whether it is appropriate to touch them.”可知应选D。
4．Which of the following is NOT a reason why a person who works in the health department may laugh if he learns of a tragedy
A．To cheer up the person who is involved in the tragedy.
B．To keep a healthy mind.
C．To stop himself from breaking down.
D．To stop himself from crying.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“to keep a normal and healthy mind ... and may also stop them from breaking down and crying”可知选A。
B
How many different emotions (情感) do you think you can communicate to people with your face Do you have the same facial expressions as people from different cultures Read this to find out what scientists have just discovered about this topic.
New research suggests that there are only four basic facial expressions of emotion. However, how these expressions are interpreted (理解) might depend on where you are from. Research by scientists from the University of Glasgow has challenged the traditional view of how the face expresses emotions. Until now, it was widely believed that six basic emotions — happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise and disgust (厌恶) — were expressed and recognized across different cultures. However, the University of Glasgow's work now suggests that the human face only has four basic expressions of emotion. This is because some pairs of emotions are impossible to distinguish (区分). Fear and surprise, for example, both share wide open eyes. The facial expressions for anger and disgust also look the same.
So if our faces are only able to express four basic emotions, how do we communicate a much more complex (复杂的) variety of feelings The study found that the way expressions are interpreted is different in different cultures. Looking at how people from the East and West look at different parts of the face during facial expression recognition, scientists found that although there are some common features across cultures, the six basic facial expressions of emotion are not recognized universally.
What interests people about the cross cultural aspect of the research “This work leads to understanding which emotions we share and appreciating our differences.”
语篇解读：本文为说明文。新的研究表明，人类只有四种基本的面部表情，而不是六种。
5．What did the University of Glasgow find
A．Facial expressions express emotions.
B．Six basic emotions can be recognized.
C．Some basic facial expressions are unusual.
D．Some of the six facial expressions are similar.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“This is because some pairs of emotions are impossible to distinguish (区分)”可知，六种基本表情里面有一些是类似的。
6．Which group may be the four basic facial emotions
A．Sadness, fear, anger and surprise.
B．Anger, sadness, fear and happiness.
C．Happiness, surprise, sadness and fear.
D．Disgust, happiness, anger and sadness.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句话，再对比之前提到的六种表情，可推断出新的研究提出的四种基本表情。
7．What can be inferred from the text
A．Basic facial expressions are not universal.
B．People find it hard to communicate more feelings.
C．People from the West have more facial expressions.
D．We can't express more feelings with four expressions.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段的“... the six basic facial expressions of emotion are not recognized universally”可知，基本的面部表情并不是通用的，文化不同，所表达的意思也不同。
8．What is the best title of this text
A．What does your face say
B．How do we communicate
C．What are the six basic emotions
D．Do we have the same facial expressions
解析：选A 标题归纳题。文章主要讲的是人的面部表情能够表达多少种情感。
Ⅴ.语法填空
Anyone who has had a long term disease knows that recovering at home can be lonely. This can be __1__ (especial) true of children. They may feel __2__ (leave) out. Now, these children may have a high tech friend to help them feel less alone. A small robot may help children who are recovering from long term __3__ (ill). The robot like human beings takes their place at school. And their school friends must help carry the robot between classes and place the robot on their desks.
Through the robot, a child can hear his or her teachers and friends. He or she can also attend class from wherever they are recovering — whether at home __4__ from a hospital bed. Dolva, one of the scientists who __5__ (be) concentrating on developing the robot, explains __6__ the robot AV1 works. She says from home, the child uses a tablet or phone to start the robot. __7__ (use) the same device, he or she can control the robot's movements. Inside the robot, there is a small computer linked __8__ a 4G network. The robot is __9__ (equip) with speakers, microphones and cameras, which makes communicating __10__ (easy). So it's the eyes and the ears and the voices at school. Hopefully AV1 will help some children feel less lonely while they are absent from class.
语篇解读：病人由于长期患病在家，可能会感觉很孤独，对于孩子更是如此。本文介绍了一款名为AV1的机器人，可以帮助患病的孩子减少孤独感。
1．especially 考查副词。句意：对孩子们来说可能更是如此。设空处修饰形容词true，要用副词，故填especially。
2．left 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可能会感觉被忽略了。feel作连系动词，leave out表示“遗漏；忽略”，与主语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作表语。故填left。
3．illness(es) 考查名词。句意：一个小型机器人可能会帮助那些正从长期患病中恢复的孩子们。long term为形容词，意为“长期的”，后应接名词。故填illness(es)。
4．or 考查连词。句意：孩子们无论是在家还是躺在医院的病床上康复，都可以听课。根据句中的whether可知应填or, whether ... or ...为固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”。
5．are 考查主谓一致和动词的时态。句意：多尔瓦作为潜心研究机器人的科学家之一，解释了机器人AV1是如何工作的。本句中，who引导定语从句，先行词为scientists，故从句谓语动词应用复数形式；全文主体时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时。故填are。
6．how 考查宾语从句。句意参见上一题解析。设空处引导宾语从句，作explains的宾语，根据句意，句中缺少状语，表“方式”，故用how引导该从句。
7．Using 考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们用同样的设备便能操控机器人的行动。句中已有谓语can control，因此，设空处应用非谓语动词；use与其逻辑主语he or she之间为主动关系，且在句中作方式状语。故填Using。
8．to/with 考查介词。句意：在机器人内部，有一台连接到4G网络的小电脑。be linked to/with ...为固定搭配，意为“与……连接”。故填to/with。
9．equipped 考查动词的语态。句意：该机器人装配了扬声器、麦克风和相机，这让交流更加容易。be equipped with ...为固定搭配，意为“装配有……”。故填equipped。
10．easier 考查形容词的比较级。句意参见上一题解析。设空处在定语从句中作makes的宾语补足语，而且本句暗含比较意义，应用形容词的比较级。故填easier。课时跟踪检测（五） Language Awareness 4, Culture Corner & Bulletin Board
Ⅰ.根据汉语意思写出单词
1．He decided to leave school and establish (建立) his own company.
2．The population of the city is expanding (扩大) rapidly, resulting in the expansion (扩大) of many industries.
3．The color black is traditionally associated (联系) with mourning.
4．Influenced (影响) by a high school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.
5．The shop was able to supply (提供) us with what we wanted.
Ⅱ.选词填空
come across， due to， that is， pass on ... to ...， be associated with， not only ... but also ...
1．The factory which was set up last year closed down due_to lack of advanced equipment.
2．The workers are loading the goods into a car, that_is,_they're loading the car with goods.
3．Not_only was he invited to the White House, but_also saw the President.
4．Would you pass_on it to the next person
5．The report shows that the rise in crime is_associated_with an increase in unemployment.
6．He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really come_across.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．My father didn't return until eight last night.(强调时间状语)
→It__ was not until___ eight last night that my father returned.
2．She not only wrote the content but also selected the illustrations.(改为倒装句)
→Not__ only__ did she write the content, but also selected the illustrations.
3．Three people are reported to have been killed in the accident.(改为同义句)
→It__ is__ reported__ that three people have been killed in the accident.
Ⅳ.完形填空
Do you know that body language accounts for over 90% of a conversation That's why communicating face to face is always better than a telephone conversation__1__ if you are trying to sell something!
Your body language will give others a general__2__ of you and it will also show your emotions. It's very difficult to make your body__3__. It's easy to tell the difference between a__4__ smile of pleasure and a false smile. So if you understand body language codes (密码), it is usually possible to know what someone really__5__， whatever they may be saying with__6__.
Although much of our body language is universal, a lot is also__7__. Culture codes vary from one country to another and they can__8__ misunderstandings. Even simple gestures may have a completely different meaning in other parts of the world. For example, the circle__9__ made with three raised fingers means “OK” in the United States. But it is not universal. In Brazil, Greece and Germany it is a __10__ gesture showing disrespect and in Japan it means “money”！
In many Asian cultures, it is not appropriate for men and women to touch in public. Therefore, displays of affection such as__11__ hands or kissing are not__12__. In some parts of Asia, __13__， it is common for people of the same sex to hold hands as a sign of__14__.
Greetings vary according to the country and the sex of the people involved. In the West, it is appropriate to shake hands when you__15__someone for the first time and both men and women can__16__ a handshake. In Indonesia, for example, a man will not offer a handshake to an Indonesian woman__17__ they are in a business situation.
If you want to avoid making__18__ mistakes when you travel to other countries, you should__19__ their basic culture codes before you leave. If you do this, you are less likely to__20__ people.
语篇解读：文章主要讲述了肢体语言在不同国家有不同含义。肢体语言会给他人留下对你的总体印象，也会显示出你的情绪。
1．A.namely B．particularly
C．importantly D．practically
解析：选B namely意为“也就是，换句话说”；particularly意为“特别地，尤其”；importantly意为“重要地”；practically意为“实际地”。前文提到面对面交流比电话交流效果好，下文列举了一个特别的情况：试图向别人推销东西的时候。故选B项。
2．A.imagination B．description
C．expression D．impression
解析：选D imagination意为“想象”；description意为“描述”；expression意为“表达”；impression意为“印象”。肢体语言会给他人留下对你的总体印象。故选D项。
3．A.lie B．talk
C．act D．conduct
解析：选A lie意为“撒谎”；talk意为“说”；act意为“行动”；conduct意为“表现；管理”。根据上文的“it will also show your emotions”可知，肢体语言会反映人的情绪，故此处指让你的身体撒谎很难。故选A项。
4．A.polite B．shy
C．sincere D．ready
解析：选C polite意为“礼貌的”；shy意为“害羞的”；sincere意为“真诚的”；ready意为“准备的”。既然身体很难撒谎，那么辨别真诚的快乐微笑和假笑很容易。该空和后面的“false(虚假的)”对应，故选C项。
5．A.cares B．means
C．shows D．considers
解析：选B care意为“关心；在乎”；mean意为“意思是”；show意为“展示；表明”；consider意为“考虑；认为”。前文提到身体很难撒谎，由此可知通过肢体语言，通常有可能了解一个人真正的意思是什么。故选B项。
6．A.words B．examples
C．feelings D．movements
解析：选A word意为“词语；话语”；example意为“例子；榜样”；feeling意为“感受；感情；感觉”；movement意为“行动”。由句意可知选A项。
7．A.exact B．foreign
C．cultural D．similar
解析：选C exact意为“准确的；精确的”；foreign意为“国外的”；cultural意为“文化的”；similar意为“相似的”。由句中的Although以及universal(通用的，普遍的)可知，该空表达的意思应和universal相反，再结合下句中的“Culture codes”，可知选C项。句意：虽然我们大多数的肢体语言具有普遍性，但很多也具有文化性。
8．A.clear up B．cut down
C．refer to D．lead to
解析：选D clear up意为“清理”；cut down意为“砍倒”；refer to意为“参考”；lead to意为“导致”。句意：每个国家的文化密码各不相同，且文化密码会导致误解。故选D项。
9．A.sign B．mark
C．shape D．figure
解析：选A sign意为“迹象；手势”；mark意为“标记；分数”；shape意为“形状”；figure意为“数字”。句意：例如三根举起的手指加上一个圆圈组成的手势在美国是OK的意思，但这个手势不是通用的。故选A项。
10．A.helpless B．rude
C．dangerous D．casual
解析：选B helpless意为“无助的”；rude意为“粗鲁的”；dangerous意为“危险的”；casual意为“随意的”。由下文的“showing disrespect”可知应选B项。句意：在巴西、希腊和德国，这是粗鲁的手势，显示不尊敬，在日本这是“钱”的意思！
11．A.shaking B．touching
C．raising D．holding
解析：选D shake hands意为“握手”；touch hands意为“触摸手”；raise hands意为“举手”；hold hands意为“牵手”。句意：因此，表示爱慕(的行为)，比如牵手或亲吻都是不可接受的。shake hands表示握手，是社交场合礼貌性的行为，而语境中指的是男女朋友间的“牵手”。本段最后一句的“hold hands”为原词复现。
12．A.comfortable B．suitable
C．acceptable D．reasonable
解析：选C 句意见上题解析。comfortable意为“舒服的”；suitable意为“合适的”；acceptable意为“可接受的”；reasonable意为“合理的”。
13．A.therefore B．otherwise
C．however D．besides
解析：选C therefore意为“因此”；otherwise意为“否则”；however意为“然而”；besides意为“除……外，还”。该句和上文是转折关系， 故选C项。句意：然而，在亚洲的一些地方，人们普遍认为与同性牵手是友谊的象征。
14．A.friendship B．love
C．admiration D．concern
解析：选A 句意见上题解析。friendship意为“友谊”；love意为“爱”；admiration意为“爱慕”；concern意为“关心”。故选A项。
15．A.know B．introduce
C．approach D．meet
解析：选D know意为“知道”；introduce意为“介绍”；approach意为“接近”；meet意为“遇见”。由下文的“for the first time”以及“a handshake”可知，这里介绍的是第一次见面的情况。句意：在西方，在你初次和某人见面时握手是合适的。
16．A.suggest B．start
C．demand D．follow
解析：选B suggest意为“建议”；start意为“开始”；demand意为“要求”；follow意为“跟随”。此处是说男性和女性都可以先握手。故选B项。
17．A.unless B．until
C．if D．while
解析：选A unless意为“除非；如果不”；until意为“直到”；if意为“如果”；while意为“当……的时候”。句意：例如，在印度尼西亚，如果不是谈生意时，男士不会主动同女士握手。故选A项。
18．A.surprising B．disappointing
C．embarrassing D．interesting
解析：选C surprising意为“令人惊讶的”；disappointing意为“令人失望的”；embarrassing意为“令人尴尬的”；interesting意为“有趣的”。句意：如果你想避免到其他国家旅行时犯一些尴尬的错误，你就应该在出发前了解他们的基本文化密码。故选C项。
19．A.experience B．develop
C．respect D．understand
解析：选D 句意见上题解析。experience意为“经历”；develop意为“发展”；respect意为“尊重”；understand意为“理解，懂”。故选D项。
20．A.worry B．offense
C．affect D．disturb
解析：选B worry意为“担心”；offense意为“冒犯”；affect意为“影响”；disturb意为“打断；打扰”。句意：如果你这样做，你就有很小的可能冒犯别人了。故选B项。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Sometimes people express themselves even when they don't talk.Gestures are the “silent language” of every culture.We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say.It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood.
In the United States, people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction.The handshake must be firm.If the handshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness. Friends may place a hand on the other's arm or shoulder. Some people, usually women, greet a friend with a hug.
Space is important to Americans.When two people talk to each other, they usually stand about two and a half feet away and at an angle, so they are not facing each other directly.Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close.They will move back to have their space.If Americans touch another person by accident, they say, “Pardon me” or “Excuse me”．
Americans like to look the other person in the eyes when they are talking. If you don't do so, it means you are bored, hiding something, or are not interested.But when you stare at someone, it is not polite.
For Americans, thumbs up means yes, very good, or well done.Thumbs down means the opposite.To call a waiter, raise one hand to head level or above.To show you want the check, make a movement with your hands as if you are signing a piece of paper.It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger (食指)．Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on the head when they admire them.
Learning a culture's body language is sometimes confusing (困惑的). If you don't know what to do, the safest thing to do is to smile.
语篇解读：文化不同，国度相异，肢体语言不同。对于美国人而言，紧紧握手，合理对视，竖大拇指等都表示友好礼貌。但分辨一种文化的肢体语言是令人困惑的，如果无所适从，那就微笑吧！
1．From the first paragraph we can learn that________.
A．gestures don't mean anything while talking
B．gestures can help us to express ourselves
C．we can learn a language well without body language
D．only American people can use gestures
解析：选B 细节理解题。从第一段“We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say.”可知。
2．In the United States, people often ________.
A．show their friendship by touching each other
B．show their friendship by glancing at each other
C．say “Pardon me” to each other when they are talking
D．get uncomfortable when you sit close to them
解析：选D 细节理解题。从第三段“Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close.”可推知。
3．If you talk with an American friend, it's polite to________.
A．look up and down at your friend
B．look at the other person in the eyes
C．hide your opinion
D．look at your watch now and then
解析：选B 细节理解题。从第四段“Americans like to look the other person in the eyes when they are talking.”可推知。
4．When your friend gives you the thumbs up, he, in fact, ________.
A．shows his rudeness to you
B．shows his anger to you
C．expresses his satisfaction to you
D．expresses his worries about you
解析：选C 细节理解题。从第五段首句“For Americans, thumbs up means yes, very good, or well done.”可知。
Ⅵ.短文改错
The person who touched me most is an unknown lady. I study in a city school but lives in a village 15 kilometers away. One afternoon, I reveive a call from my family saying my mom was serious ill. I hurried to the bus station, only find the last bus had left. Feel anxious, I decided to walk home. On the way a car stopped and the driver asked me that I needed help. Worried about being cheated, I said anything. But she was such sincere that I finally accepted her offer. When we reached my village, it was dark. Seeing her car out of the sight, I was in tear. Whenever I think of her, I always feel grateful.
答案：第二句：lives→live
第三句：receive→received; serious→seriously
第四句：only后加to
第五句：Feel→Feeling
第六句：that→if/whether
第七句：anything→nothing
第八句：such→so
第十句：去掉the; tear→tears课时跟踪检测（一） Warm-up & Lesson 1 — Pre-reading
阅读理解
A
“Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.”
You probably heard those lines in grammar school, but do you really agree that harsh (严厉的) or negative words do not harm us Words have power.Surely we all have had our feelings hurt by something someone said.
We may not say words to hurt others, but the way we interpret (解释) them and how we say them may cause great harm.Here's an example：
An ancient king dreamed all his teeth had fallen out.He sent for a wise man to explain his dream to him: the dream means that all your relatives will die and you will be left alone!
The king was very angry and threw the interpreter into prison.He then sent for another interpreter who said, “Congratulations! King! You will live many more years.In fact, you will survive all your relatives.Long Live the King！”
Both interpreters gave the same interpretation, but there was a huge difference in the way they said it.
Our speech must be understood by those who hear our words, but the way we say things and the intention behind them have as much power as the words themselves.Words can cause anger or appreciation.Which would you rather receive
People who say harsh and negative things may not mean to harm, but have you ever known anyone who is a naysayer？They often look at the dark sides of things.They always see the glass as half empty rather than half full.How do you feel when you are around this type of person Remember: words have power.Use them wisely.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章通过一则小故事表明了语言的巨大威力：相同的意思用不同的语言来表达会带来不同的效果。进而提醒大家要字斟句酌，正确地运用语言。
1．The author mentions the story of the ancient king to show that ________.
A．one dream sometimes has different explanations
B．good words can bring good luck to people
C．people should be careful when talking to a king
D．different ways of saying things have different effects
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第三段和第六段内容可知，作者引用这个故事的目的是为了论证自己的观点：相同的意思用不同的语言表达会带来不同的结果。故选D项。
2．The underlined word “naysayer” in the last paragraph refers to a person who always ________.
A．has a negative attitude
B．likes to be praised
C．talks big
D．likes to repeat what others say
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据画线词的后两句“They often look at the dark sides of things.They always see the glass as half empty rather than half full.”可知，他们经常看到的是事情的阴暗面，他们总是看到杯子是半空的而不是半满的。由此可推断，这样的人总是对事情持消极态度。故选A项。
3．According to the text, how can people understand each other better
A．By sharing different life experiences.
B．By accepting different habits.
C．By properly using words.
D．By recognizing different values.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，只有正确地使用语言，人们才能彼此更好地理解沟通。故选C项。
4．The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．the power of words
B．the cruelty of the king
C．how to understand others
D．how to build good relationships
解析：选A 主旨大意题。本文是围绕语言的巨大威力来展开论述的，故选A项。
B
Have you ever found yourself in this situation: You hear a song you used to sing when you were a child — a bit of nostalgia (怀旧) or “blast from the past”， as we say.But it is not a distant childhood memory.The words come back to you as clearly as when you sang them all those years ago.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh studied the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language.They found that remembering words in a song was the best way to remember even one of the most difficult languages.
Here is what they did.Researchers took 60 adults and randomly divided them into three groups of 20.Then they gave the groups three different types of “listen and repeat” learning conditions.Researchers had one group simply speak the words.They had the second group speak the words to a rhythm, or beat.And they asked the third group to sing the words.
All three groups studied words from the Hungarian language for 15 minutes.Then they took part in a series of language tests to see what they remembered.
Why Hungarian, you ask Researchers said they chose Hungarian because not many people know the language.It does not share any roots with Germanic or Romance languages, such as Italian or Spanish. After the tests were over, the singers came out on top.The people who learned these new Hungarian words by singing them showed a higher overall performance.They did the best in four out of five of the tests.They also performed two times better than those who simply learned the words by speaking them.
Dr.Katie Overy says singing could lead to new ways to learn a foreign language.The brain likes to remember things when they are contained in a catchy 3, or memorable 4, tune 5.
Dr.Ludke said the findings could help those who struggle to learn foreign languages.On the University of Edinburgh's website Dr.Ludke writes, “This study provides the first experimental evidence that a listen and repeat singing method can support foreign language learning, and opens the door for future research in this area.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述了一项有关音乐和外语学习之间存在关系的研究。
5．The “song” mentioned in the first paragraph is intended to ________.
A．recall the past
B．attract the readers
C．introduce the topic
D．compare the childhood with the present
解析：选C 推理判断题。本文开头通过“song”举例导入话题，从而引出下文对于音乐和外语学习之间关系的研究。故C项正确。
6．According to the passage which language doesn't share the same root with Germanic or Romance languages
A．Hungarian. B．Spanish.
C．Italian. D．English.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“It does not share any roots with Germanic or Romance languages, such as Italian or Spanish.”可知，匈牙利语与其没有相同的词根。故A项正确。
7．Based on the last two paragraphs, we can conclude that ________.
A．singing is the best way to learn a language
B．the brain probably works best when the foreign language learners sing the words
C．a listen repeat method is very effective for any language learner
D．Dr.Katie Overy and Dr.Ludke disagree with each other
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第六段可知，唱歌有助于找到学习外语的新途径。选项A中“the best way”与文意不符；选项C中的“any language learner”表述有误；根据最后两段可知，Dr.Katie Overy与Dr.Ludke两人观点一致，排除D项。故B项正确。
8．In which situation can the finding of the research be applied
A．A mother is going to teach her baby how to speak.
B．A child is going to have his first music lesson.
C．A student is going to learn a new English song.
D．An American is going to learn some Chinese.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Dr.Ludke said the findings could help those who struggle to learn foreign languages.”可知，此项研究对于外语学习者非常有用。故D项正确。选项A指的是母语学习，故排除。
C
On a hot August morning, in a classroom overlooking New York's Hudson River, a teacher guides a group of 3 year olds completely in Chinese.This is just a language summer camp run by the primary school Bilingual Buds, which offers a year round course in Chinese as well as Spanish for kids as young as 2.
A lot of research now shows the regular, high level use of more than one language may actually improve early brain development.Knowing two or more languages can improve the ability to focus, decide and deal with information better.These important skills are grouped together, known in brain terms as “executive function”．The research suggests they develop ahead of time in bilingual children, and are already evident in kids as young as 3 or 4.Bilingual education, common in many countries, is a growing trend across the United States, with 440 elementary schools offering the study in Spanish, Chinese and French.
But Tamar Gollan, a professor at the University of California, has found a vocabulary gap between children who speak only one language and those who grow up with more.On average, the more languages spoken, the smaller the vocabulary in each one.Gollan's research suggests that while that gap narrows as children grow, it does not disappear completely.Gollan says, “Vocabulary tests help us find that bilinguals have the disadvantage, where you know the word but you just can't get it out.”
In fact, some of the values of bilingualism can't be measured at all, of course.To speak more than one language is to open the mind to more than one culture or way of life.
Bilinguals also appear to be better at learning other new languages.Clarisse spent her early childhood in Switzerland speaking French.At 6, she learned English.Later she learned Spanish, German, and, during three years living in Tokyo, Japanese.Now she has easily mastered several languages.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。双语或多语种学习在美国越来越多。研究表明，双语或多语种学习有助于培养小孩子的注意力、判断力以及处理信息的能力，能够帮助其了解他国文化。但也有研究表明，双语或多语种学习可能会导致其词汇量减少。
9．Why should children learn more than one language according to Paragraph 2
A．Because it can do good to children's brain development.
B．Because it's part of a language summer camp.
C．Because it is common in many countries.
D．Because it is popular with children.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段第二至四句“Knowing two or more languages can improve the ability to focus, decide and deal with information better ...and are already evident in kids as young as 3 or 4.”可知，多语种学习对儿童大脑的发展有好处。故选A。
10．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 probably refers to “________”．
A．many countries
B．bilingual children
C．these important skills
D．two or more languages
解析：选C 指代判断题。根据第二段第三句“These important skills are grouped together, known in brain terms as ‘executive function’．”可知，画线词“they”指代的应该是“These important skills”，即这些重要的技能。故选C。
11．According to Tamar Gollan, ________.
A．knowing two or more languages can improve children's skills
B．the more languages children know, the better they will be
C．children had better not take vocabulary tests
D．bilingual education is not always good to children
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句“But Tamar Gollan ...the more languages spoken, the smaller the vocabulary in each one.”可知，Tamar Gollan教授认为，双语学习对儿童来说并不总是有益的。故选D。
12．From the passage we can learn ________.
A．Clarisse likes French best instead of Japanese
B．bilingual education is mainly loved by children
C．bilinguals can have a disadvantage in learning other new languages
D．knowing more languages can help children learn more about foreign cultures
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第四段可推知，多语学习能够帮助儿童了解更多外国文化。故选D。
