单元质量检测(二)
时间：100分钟 满分：120分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题； 每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
At the end of every year, Time picks the best 25 inventions that are “making the world better and smarter”. Here we have picked three inventions that could be a part of your life in the near future.
The levitating (悬浮的) light bulb
This special light bulb was invented by U．S. artist and scientist Simon Morris. He got the idea of making a light bulb float from hoverboards (悬浮滑板), which he used to dream of having as a kid.
But the floating is not the most amazing part. The rejection force between the opposite ends of the magnets (磁铁), which were put in the bottom of the bulb and in the wooden base, does the job. What's new here is a technology called induction (电磁感应). It allows the light bulb to get power from the base even they are not in contact.
Shoes that tie themselves
They're not what you think — shoelaces that tie themselves in the way we tie them. Instead, the new shoes have small motors that control their laces. When you step in them, your feet will hit a sensor (传感器) in the shoes and the motor will automatically tighten the laces.
But the shoes weren't just designed for lazy people's needs. They could actually give athletes an advantage during competition. They are also useful for people who cannot move their arms or fingers easily.
The no touch thermometer (体温计)
Taking your body temperature usually means putting a thermometer in your armpits (腋窝) and staying still for minutes. It may be easy for you, but it's an impossible task for little kids.
Now, with the new thermometer, users can simply put it 2.5 centimeters from a patient's forehead and press the button, and it can get reading in two seconds.
1．The most amazing aspect of the levitating light bulb is that ________.
A．it can float
B．its inventor is more than a scientist
C．it makes use of the rejection of the magnets
D．induction allows it to get power even when unconnected with the base
2．How is the no touch thermometer different from other ones
A．It makes it easier to take kids' temperature.
B．You need wait two minutes for the reading.
C．You don't need to press the button.
D．It should be put in one's armpit.
3．In which part of a newspaper can you possibly read this text
A．Education. B．Sports.
C．Science. D．Entertainment.
B
The Indian government may use 3D paintings as virtual speed breakers (减速带) on major highways and roads, in order to check speeding and careless driving, and finally make its deadly roads a little safer. “We are trying out 3D paintings used as virtual speed breakers to avoid unnecessary requirements of speed breakers，” India's Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari wrote.
The optical illusions (视觉错觉) are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically. Earlier, India had ordered the removal of all speed breakers from highways, which were considered to be a safety hazard for high speed vehicles. India has the highest number of road accident deaths in the world. According to the World Health Organization, over 20,000 people are killed by road accidents.
The use of optical illusions as speed breakers was first pioneered in the American city of Philadelphia in 2008, as part of a campaign against speeding motorists. The technique has also been tried out in China to create floating 3D crossing. In India, cities such as Ahmedabad and Chennai have already experimented with 3D zebra crossings in the past year. In Ahmedabad for instance, a mother and her daughter, both artists, have painted 3D crosswalks in the first few months of 2016. The artists say their motto is “to increase the attention of drivers”， and that the concept has been successfully tested in accident prone zones on a highway.
However, critics argue that once drivers know that these speed breakers are visual illusions, they might ignore them. Others also point out that India's decision does not consider the safety of a large number of pedestrians (行人). In the end, the new policy may be just one step toward improving road safety.
4．Why are 3D paintings used on main highways and roads
A．To make the surroundings more beautiful.
B．To attract the attention of tourists.
C．To reduce the rate of traffic accidents.
D．To show the advanced technology.
5．Which of the following words is closest to the meaning of “hazard” in Paragraph 2
A．Reminder. B．Threat.
C．Regulation. D．Theory.
6．What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4
A．Philadelphia, the U. S. A. is the second place to use virtual speed breakers in the world.
B．The idea tested in Ahmedabad recently has been a failure.
C．The new policy of 3D zebra crossings must be carried out smoothly.
D．The use of optical illusions as speed breakers is controversial in India.
7．What do we know about 3D zebra crossings from the passage
A．They can vastly lower the death rate in India.
B．They have been widely used in India so far.
C．They are designed to increase drivers' attention.
D．They are welcomed by both drivers and pedestrians.
C
Researchers in Seattle said last year that captured (被捕获的) crows remember the face of their abductor (绑架者). Even though years had passed since they saw the threatening face, the crows in the experiment would dive bomb him, suggesting the birds held tightly to a negative association.
Now the researchers' follow up study shows that the birds' brains light up much like the human mind when they see a face they know. “The regions of the crow brain that work together are not unlike those that work together in mammals, including humans，” said lead researcher John Marzluff of the University of Washington. “These regions were suspected to work in birds.”
In the study, 12 male adult crows were captured by researchers who were all wearing one type of mask, referred to in the study as the threatening face. Then during four weeks, the birds were fed by people wearing a different mask. Though both disguises had neutral (中性的) expressions, this mask was referred to as the caring face.
The researchers injected a fluid into the bodies of the crows. The crows were then put in the presence of someone wearing either the threatening or caring mask for about 15 minutes before the birds were given a brain scan (扫描). The fluid showed which parts of their brains were most active around a certain mask wearer.
Matzluff said it appears the smart birds have a region of their brain that is similar to the amygdale of mammals. “The amygdale is the region of the mammal brain where negative associations are stored as memories，” he said. “Previous work primarily concerned its function in mammals, while our work shows that a similar system is at work in birds.”
“Their brain activity suggests that the birds view their keepers who fed and cared for them as valued social partners, rather than animals that must be feared，” Marzluff said.
8．How would a crow react upon seeing its abductor
A．It would fly away at once.
B．It would try to attack him.
C．It would follow him quietly.
D．It would give a loud warning.
9．What do we know about the crows' brains
A．They function as well as humans'.
B．They keep only negative information.
C．They work like humans' in some areas.
D．They are totally different from mammals'.
10．What does the underlined word “disguises” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Masks. B．Researchers.
C．Crows. D．Faces.
11．Why did the researchers put a fluid into the crows' bodies
A．To make the birds excited.
B．To help locate the amygdale.
C．To make a brain scan possible.
D．To see what was going on in the crows' brains.
D
It's been said that the line between childhood and adulthood is crossed when we move from saying “It got lost” to “I lost it”．
Indeed, being responsible — understanding and accepting the role our choices play in the things that happen — is a very important sign of emotional and moral maturity (情感和道德成熟). That's why responsibility is one of the main parts of a good character.
Many people have been attracted by the Peter Pan philosophy of refusing to grow up and avoiding the burdens (负担) implied in being responsible. Yes, responsibility sometimes requires us to do things that are unpleasant or even frightening. It asks us to carry our own weight, prepare and set goals, and do the training of the mind and character to realize our dreams.
But the benefits of accepting responsibility is far more important than the short lived advantages of refusing to do so. No one makes his or her life better by avoiding responsibility. In fact, irresponsibility is a form of burden you have made for yourself — to circumstances and to other people.
Responsibility is about our ability to respond to circumstances and to choose the attitudes, actions, and reactions that shape our lives. It is a power that puts us in the driver's seat. The splendid view of the future of our lives can only be appreciated when we begin to be responsible and able to do things by ourselves.
Responsible people not only depend on themselves, but show others that they can be depended on. This produces trust, and trust is a key that opens many doors.
If you want more control over your life and the pleasure and power of freedom and independence, all you have to do is be responsible.
12．Which of the statements is from a person who is responsible
A．I'm sorry I broke your pen by accident.
B．I'm afraid you have made a mistake.
C．The window is broken.
D．John took your pen.
13．What do we know about the Peter Pan philosophy
A．It helps young people to grow.
B．It teaches young people responsibility.
C．It gives young people a negative influence.
D．It is a great source of inspiration to young people.
14．Which of the following best shows the author's opinion
A．No one can refuse to take responsibility.
B．Being responsible gives a person extra burden.
C．Responsible people also have to depend on others.
D．A person can make his life better by taking responsibility.
15．What would be the best title for the text
A．Signs of maturity
B．The power of responsibility
C．Ways to accept responsibility
D．A line between childhood and adulthood
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to focus on today and do your best
If you want to be successful, then you must appreciate the importance of living in the present. __16__ Here are some tips to motivate you to make the most of the present.
Be grateful for the little things. Start a gratitude journal. __17__ Take time to appreciate the things going well in your everyday life, the things you are thankful for, or the things you accept as normal without thinking about them.
Train yourself to do one thing at a time. Don't work on too many projects no matter how big your ambitions (抱负) are. __18__ Take it one day at a time, and soon you'll be surprised at how much you've managed to accomplish.
__19__ Remind yourself of where you are by asking yourself, “Is this what I should be doing right now？”， “Am I feeling happy doing this at present？”， “What is the one thing I can do to make today count？” Know your own character well and listen to your feelings.
Schedule some “me time” and make the most of it. Make some time out of your busy schedule to follow a creative hobby, enjoy the beauty of nature or simply some pop culture entertainment. __20__
John Lennon once said, “Life is what's happening while we're busy making.” Practice keeping your attention on the here and now. The present moment is where you are — always!
A．Finish one task at a time.
B．Find the good in every situation.
C．Start to do what you enjoy doing.
D．Ask yourself questions to be in the present.
E．Believe in what you are really feeling at present.
F．Always remember that the best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.
G．Not only will it help you to relax, but it will also aid you in focusing better on your tasks.
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you get to play with any neat toys at school As more and more schools take advantage of new __21__to make learning easier, you may get the chance to __22__ personal computers, laptops or maybe even smartphones in the classroom.
__23__ were not always as well equipped as they can be today, though. Before students had pencils and paper, they often used slates (石板), which were__24__， handheld blackboards that they could write on with chalk. In fact, the classroom chalkboard didn't__25__ until the late 1800s. It must have been __26__ for teachers to be able to write on a large surface that the entire class could see at the same time. While chalkboards __27__ seem like a thing of the past today, they were cutting edge (最尖端的) technology at one time!
Over the years as new technologies__28__， new items were slowly added to classrooms as __29__ figured out how they could be used to __30__ the learning experience.
Copying machines revolutionized classrooms__31__ they came along in the mid 1900s. Being able to __32__students copies of lessons for homework and studying expanded the classroom__33__ its walls and the usual school day.
The use of audio tapes and headphones in the classroom made learning foreign languages__34__. They also helped students with vision or reading __35__， since they could now listen to lessons rather than __36__them.
There are hundreds of other __37__ of educational technology over the years. In the past couple of decades, though, schools have __38__ a great increase in the use of cutting edge, modern technology in the classroom.
With the invention of the personal computer, education got a great __39__. When you factor in (把……考虑在内) the Internet, modern education looks__40__ than it did when your parents were in school.
21．A.technology B．discovery
C．thought D．design
22．A.buy B．borrow
C．repair D．use
23．A.Cinemas B．Clubs
C．Classrooms D．Theatres
24．A.heavy B．small
C．valuable D．cheap
25．A.give up B．work on
C．turn back D．come out
26．A.difficult B．interesting
C．nice D．lucky
27．A.certainly B．hardly
C．finally D．suddenly
28．A.stopped B．arrived
C．appeared D．developed
29．A.workers B．educators
C．visitors D．doctors
30．A.improve B．enjoy
C．accept D．suffer
31．A.before B．until
C．when D．so
32．A.pass B．give
C．lend D．introduce
33．A.between B．along
C．through D．beyond
34．A.easier B．further
C．slower D．longer
35．A.questions B．experiences
C．problems D．contests
36．A.write B．speak
C．read D．tell
37．A.experiments B．examples
C．results D．inventions
38．A.seen B．lost
C．avoided D．kept
39．A.increase B．measure
C．movement D．improvement
40．A.similar B．different
C．backward D．important
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passing Life's Tests with Love
When I was in school, I could always tell when my class was about to take a test. You could feel the __41__ (anxious) in the air. Their smiles were tight, everyone __42__ (tap) their pencils on desks. A few students tried to tell jokes to relax. Most of us wanted to start, so we could just get it over with.
Every once in a while, however, a teacher would give us a break and announce that the test was going to be open book. __43__ (immediate), you could see our smiles __44__ (return). A few students would laugh, and you could even hear a cheer or two. The pressure went __45__. As we took out our books, all of __46__ (we) knew that the answers would be right in front of us. All we had to do was find them.
Many people say that life is one long series of tests we have to face. This is true. But __47__ most people don't realize is that they are all open book tests. The answers are always right there in front of you, and they are so simple. You just have to open the book of your soul to any page, __48__ you will see the words, “JUST LOVE”. Just love yourself. Just love everyone as yourself. When you do this, you __49__ (pass) every test that life throws at you. When you do this you will make the world a __50__ (bright), better and happier place.
By Joseph J. Mazzella
Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Sunday, I joined the voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school. At 8：00 a．m., we arrived there, wore red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back. We helped with the police remind the passers by to obey traffic rule. To our delighted, they all waited for the green light patient except one motor biker. We also give out some hand made brochures about traffic regulations, for that many people praised us. About 4 hours later, they said good bye to the police and left. Tired as we were, we all felt an honor to do our parts.
Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)
社会发展到了2050年，照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求适时推出了家用机器人。请你根据以下内容写一篇发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐你公司的这一新产品。该机器人的主要功能有：
1．可以在固定的时间做饭，做饭时间可以根据个人需要进行调整；
2．可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；
3．及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打急救电话等。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
参考词汇：突出的，显著的prominent
单元质量检测(二)
时间：100分钟 满分：120分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题； 每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
At the end of every year, Time picks the best 25 inventions that are “making the world better and smarter”. Here we have picked three inventions that could be a part of your life in the near future.
The levitating (悬浮的) light bulb
This special light bulb was invented by U．S. artist and scientist Simon Morris. He got the idea of making a light bulb float from hoverboards (悬浮滑板), which he used to dream of having as a kid.
But the floating is not the most amazing part. The rejection force between the opposite ends of the magnets (磁铁), which were put in the bottom of the bulb and in the wooden base, does the job. What's new here is a technology called induction (电磁感应). It allows the light bulb to get power from the base even they are not in contact.
Shoes that tie themselves
They're not what you think — shoelaces that tie themselves in the way we tie them. Instead, the new shoes have small motors that control their laces. When you step in them, your feet will hit a sensor (传感器) in the shoes and the motor will automatically tighten the laces.
But the shoes weren't just designed for lazy people's needs. They could actually give athletes an advantage during competition. They are also useful for people who cannot move their arms or fingers easily.
The no touch thermometer (体温计)
Taking your body temperature usually means putting a thermometer in your armpits (腋窝) and staying still for minutes. It may be easy for you, but it's an impossible task for little kids.
Now, with the new thermometer, users can simply put it 2.5 centimeters from a patient's forehead and press the button, and it can get reading in two seconds.
语篇解读：每到年终岁尾，《时代周刊》都会评选出25项“让世界变得更加美好和智能的”最佳发明。本文介绍了其中的三项发明。
1．The most amazing aspect of the levitating light bulb is that ________.
A．it can float
B．its inventor is more than a scientist
C．it makes use of the rejection of the magnets
D．induction allows it to get power even when unconnected with the base
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“What's new here is ...It allows the light bulb to get power from the base even they are not in contact.”可知，悬浮灯泡最神奇的地方是这项电磁感应技术可以让灯泡不用接触底座就能通电。故选D项。
2．How is the no touch thermometer different from other ones
A．It makes it easier to take kids' temperature.
B．You need wait two minutes for the reading.
C．You don't need to press the button.
D．It should be put in one's armpit.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这种新型的体温计可以不用紧贴皮肤，而且读取数据的时间也很短。由此可知，这个发明让儿童的体温测量变得更容易了。故选A项。
3．In which part of a newspaper can you possibly read this text
A．Education. B．Sports.
C．Science. D．Entertainment.
解析：选C 文章出处题。本文介绍了三项新的科技发明，属于科技类文章。故选C项。
B
The Indian government may use 3D paintings as virtual speed breakers (减速带) on major highways and roads, in order to check speeding and careless driving, and finally make its deadly roads a little safer. “We are trying out 3D paintings used as virtual speed breakers to avoid unnecessary requirements of speed breakers，” India's Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari wrote.
The optical illusions (视觉错觉) are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically. Earlier, India had ordered the removal of all speed breakers from highways, which were considered to be a safety hazard for high speed vehicles. India has the highest number of road accident deaths in the world. According to the World Health Organization, over 20,000 people are killed by road accidents.
The use of optical illusions as speed breakers was first pioneered in the American city of Philadelphia in 2008, as part of a campaign against speeding motorists. The technique has also been tried out in China to create floating 3D crossing. In India, cities such as Ahmedabad and Chennai have already experimented with 3D zebra crossings in the past year. In Ahmedabad for instance, a mother and her daughter, both artists, have painted 3D crosswalks in the first few months of 2016. The artists say their motto is “to increase the attention of drivers”， and that the concept has been successfully tested in accident prone zones on a highway.
However, critics argue that once drivers know that these speed breakers are visual illusions, they might ignore them. Others also point out that India's decision does not consider the safety of a large number of pedestrians (行人). In the end, the new policy may be just one step toward improving road safety.
语篇解读：为了减少道路交通事故和提高道路的安全系数，印度计划启用3D斑马线和减速带。但这一做法也引起了争议。
4．Why are 3D paintings used on main highways and roads
A．To make the surroundings more beautiful.
B．To attract the attention of tourists.
C．To reduce the rate of traffic accidents.
D．To show the advanced technology.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“in order to check speeding and careless driving, and finally make its deadly roads a little safer”可知，在路上使用3D绘画是为了减少道路交通事故，提高交通安全。故选C项。
5．Which of the following words is closest to the meaning of “hazard” in Paragraph 2
A．Reminder. B．Threat.
C．Regulation. D．Theory.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。该词在从句中作表语，与关系代词which是等同关系，which指代上文提到的all speed breakers，而它们被视为高速车辆的一大威胁。由此可推测，hazard的意思是“危险；隐患”，与threat意义相近。故选B项。
6．What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4
A．Philadelphia, the U. S. A. is the second place to use virtual speed breakers in the world.
B．The idea tested in Ahmedabad recently has been a failure.
C．The new policy of 3D zebra crossings must be carried out smoothly.
D．The use of optical illusions as speed breakers is controversial in India.
解析：选D 推理判断题。前三段介绍的是这一新举措的好处，而在第四段笔锋一转，介绍了反对者的声音：一旦司机知道了这些3D的“减速带”是视觉错觉，他们会无视这些减速带。还有人认为这一新举措没有考虑行人的安全。由此可推测，这一举措是有争议的(controversial)。
7．What do we know about 3D zebra crossings from the passage
A．They can vastly lower the death rate in India.
B．They have been widely used in India so far.
C．They are designed to increase drivers' attention.
D．They are welcomed by both drivers and pedestrians.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“to increase the attention of drivers”可知，3D斑马线是为了提高驾驶员的注意力。故选C项。
C
Researchers in Seattle said last year that captured (被捕获的) crows remember the face of their abductor (绑架者). Even though years had passed since they saw the threatening face, the crows in the experiment would dive bomb him, suggesting the birds held tightly to a negative association.
Now the researchers' follow up study shows that the birds' brains light up much like the human mind when they see a face they know. “The regions of the crow brain that work together are not unlike those that work together in mammals, including humans，” said lead researcher John Marzluff of the University of Washington. “These regions were suspected to work in birds.”
In the study, 12 male adult crows were captured by researchers who were all wearing one type of mask, referred to in the study as the threatening face. Then during four weeks, the birds were fed by people wearing a different mask. Though both disguises had neutral (中性的) expressions, this mask was referred to as the caring face.
The researchers injected a fluid into the bodies of the crows. The crows were then put in the presence of someone wearing either the threatening or caring mask for about 15 minutes before the birds were given a brain scan (扫描). The fluid showed which parts of their brains were most active around a certain mask wearer.
Matzluff said it appears the smart birds have a region of their brain that is similar to the amygdale of mammals. “The amygdale is the region of the mammal brain where negative associations are stored as memories，” he said. “Previous work primarily concerned its function in mammals, while our work shows that a similar system is at work in birds.”
“Their brain activity suggests that the birds view their keepers who fed and cared for them as valued social partners, rather than animals that must be feared，” Marzluff said.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。美国西雅图的研究者们的一项实验表明，对欺负过自己的人类，乌鸦在多年后仍然“念念不忘，怀恨在心”。
8．How would a crow react upon seeing its abductor
A．It would fly away at once.
B．It would try to attack him.
C．It would follow him quietly.
D．It would give a loud warning.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第一段中的“... would dive bomb him, suggesting the birds held tightly to a negative association”可知，多年之后那些乌鸦仍旧会攻击那些曾绑架过自己的人。
9．What do we know about the crows' brains
A．They function as well as humans'.
B．They keep only negative information.
C．They work like humans' in some areas.
D．They are totally different from mammals'.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第二段中的“The regions of the crow brain that work together are not unlike those that work together in mammals, including humans”可知，乌鸦大脑中的某些区域同人类大脑的某些区域工作模式是一样的。
10．What does the underlined word “disguises” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Masks. B．Researchers.
C．Crows. D．Faces.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。由该词语境可知，disguises是指研究人员佩戴的两种不同的面具。
11．Why did the researchers put a fluid into the crows' bodies
A．To make the birds excited.
B．To help locate the amygdale.
C．To make a brain scan possible.
D．To see what was going on in the crows' brains.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第四段中的“The fluid showed which parts of their brains were most active around a certain mask wearer”可知，研究人员在乌鸦的体内注入某种液体，通过追踪这些液体发现乌鸦头脑中的活动。
D
It's been said that the line between childhood and adulthood is crossed when we move from saying “It got lost” to “I lost it”．
Indeed, being responsible — understanding and accepting the role our choices play in the things that happen — is a very important sign of emotional and moral maturity (情感和道德成熟). That's why responsibility is one of the main parts of a good character.
Many people have been attracted by the Peter Pan philosophy of refusing to grow up and avoiding the burdens (负担) implied in being responsible. Yes, responsibility sometimes requires us to do things that are unpleasant or even frightening. It asks us to carry our own weight, prepare and set goals, and do the training of the mind and character to realize our dreams.
But the benefits of accepting responsibility is far more important than the short lived advantages of refusing to do so. No one makes his or her life better by avoiding responsibility. In fact, irresponsibility is a form of burden you have made for yourself — to circumstances and to other people.
Responsibility is about our ability to respond to circumstances and to choose the attitudes, actions, and reactions that shape our lives. It is a power that puts us in the driver's seat. The splendid view of the future of our lives can only be appreciated when we begin to be responsible and able to do things by ourselves.
Responsible people not only depend on themselves, but show others that they can be depended on. This produces trust, and trust is a key that opens many doors.
If you want more control over your life and the pleasure and power of freedom and independence, all you have to do is be responsible.
语篇解读：本文是议论文。承担责任是一个人成熟的表现，承担责任才能使我们的生活更加美好，赢得更多人的尊重。
12．Which of the statements is from a person who is responsible
A．I'm sorry I broke your pen by accident.
B．I'm afraid you have made a mistake.
C．The window is broken.
D．John took your pen.
解析：选A 推理判断题。分析第一段中的“‘It got lost’ to ‘I lost it’”的区别可知，A项是一个负责任的人应该说的话。
13．What do we know about the Peter Pan philosophy
A．It helps young people to grow.
B．It teaches young people responsibility.
C．It gives young people a negative influence.
D．It is a great source of inspiration to young people.
解析：选C 推理判断题。分析第三段中的“Many people have been attracted by the Peter Pan philosophy of refusing to grow up and avoiding the burdens (负担) implied in being responsible.”和第四段可知，彼得·潘哲学让年轻人拒绝成长和承担责任，对年轻人产生的是消极的影响。
14．Which of the following best shows the author's opinion
A．No one can refuse to take responsibility.
B．Being responsible gives a person extra burden.
C．Responsible people also have to depend on others.
D．A person can make his life better by taking responsibility.
解析：选D 推理判断题。分析文章最后三段可知，作者认为承担责任能使我们的生活更加美好。
15．What would be the best title for the text
A．Signs of maturity
B．The power of responsibility
C．Ways to accept responsibility
D．A line between childhood and adulthood
解析：选B 标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文通过论述承担责任的必要性和好处，告诉我们责任的力量。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to focus on today and do your best
If you want to be successful, then you must appreciate the importance of living in the present. __16__ Here are some tips to motivate you to make the most of the present.
Be grateful for the little things. Start a gratitude journal. __17__ Take time to appreciate the things going well in your everyday life, the things you are thankful for, or the things you accept as normal without thinking about them.
Train yourself to do one thing at a time. Don't work on too many projects no matter how big your ambitions (抱负) are. __18__ Take it one day at a time, and soon you'll be surprised at how much you've managed to accomplish.
__19__ Remind yourself of where you are by asking yourself, “Is this what I should be doing right now？”， “Am I feeling happy doing this at present？”， “What is the one thing I can do to make today count？” Know your own character well and listen to your feelings.
Schedule some “me time” and make the most of it. Make some time out of your busy schedule to follow a creative hobby, enjoy the beauty of nature or simply some pop culture entertainment. __20__
John Lennon once said, “Life is what's happening while we're busy making.” Practice keeping your attention on the here and now. The present moment is where you are — always!
A．Finish one task at a time.
B．Find the good in every situation.
C．Start to do what you enjoy doing.
D．Ask yourself questions to be in the present.
E．Believe in what you are really feeling at present.
F．Always remember that the best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.
G．Not only will it help you to relax, but it will also aid you in focusing better on your tasks.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何活在当下，做到尽善尽美。
16．选F 本空承接上句，进一步说明把握当下对未来意义重大。
17．选B B项与本段的主旨“对生活中的小事要有感激的态度”呼应。
18．选A A项与本段首句中的“do one thing at a time”呼应。
19．选D 由本段中的问题以及问题中的“right now”，“at present”和“today”可知，本段的主旨为“问自己一些活在当下相关的问题”。
20．选G G项的it指代上文中的“me time”，用来说明“自我时间”的好处。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you get to play with any neat toys at school As more and more schools take advantage of new __21__to make learning easier, you may get the chance to __22__ personal computers, laptops or maybe even smartphones in the classroom.
__23__ were not always as well equipped as they can be today, though. Before students had pencils and paper, they often used slates (石板), which were__24__， handheld blackboards that they could write on with chalk. In fact, the classroom chalkboard didn't__25__ until the late 1800s. It must have been __26__ for teachers to be able to write on a large surface that the entire class could see at the same time. While chalkboards __27__ seem like a thing of the past today, they were cutting edge (最尖端的) technology at one time!
Over the years as new technologies__28__， new items were slowly added to classrooms as __29__ figured out how they could be used to __30__ the learning experience.
Copying machines revolutionized classrooms__31__ they came along in the mid 1900s. Being able to __32__students copies of lessons for homework and studying expanded the classroom__33__ its walls and the usual school day.
The use of audio tapes and headphones in the classroom made learning foreign languages__34__. They also helped students with vision or reading __35__， since they could now listen to lessons rather than __36__them.
There are hundreds of other __37__ of educational technology over the years. In the past couple of decades, though, schools have __38__ a great increase in the use of cutting edge, modern technology in the classroom.
With the invention of the personal computer, education got a great __39__. When you factor in (把……考虑在内) the Internet, modern education looks__40__ than it did when your parents were in school.
语篇解读：从黑板、复印机到录音磁带和耳机，教学设备越来越现代化，计算机的发明使教育的发展往前迈进了一大步。
21．A.technology B．discovery
C．thought D．design
解析：选A 下文提到计算机、笔记本以及智能手机等，这些东西表明了新科学技术(technology)的发展。
22．A.buy B．borrow
C．repair D．use
解析：选D 根据第三段中的“new items were slowly added to classrooms”可知，学生在教室里可以使用(use)计算机等科技设备。
23．A.Cinemas B．Clubs
C．Classrooms D．Theatres
解析：选C 联系上文中的“in the classroom”可推知，此处指过去教室(Classrooms)的配套设施不像现在这样好。
24．A.heavy B．small
C．valuable D．cheap
解析：选B 结合下文介绍的教学用大黑板的好处可以推知，过去学生用来写字的石板很小(small)。
25．A.give up B．work on
C．turn back D．come out
解析：选D 本段叙述教室设备的变化。由此可以推知，教学用大黑板直到十九世纪晚期才出现(come out)。
26．A.difficult B．interesting
C．nice D．lucky
解析：选C 在大一些的黑板上写字当然是不错的(nice)。
27．A.certainly B．hardly
C．finally D．suddenly
解析：选A 由上文从手握黑板到大黑板的变化可推知，黑板在今天当然(certainly)看起来已经是过去的事物了，但它们曾经是最尖端的科技。
28．A.stopped B．arrived
C．appeared D．developed
解析：选D 根据句中的“new items were slowly added to classrooms”可推知，此处指新科技的发展(developed)。
29．A.workers B．educators
C．visitors D．doctors
解析：选B 文章叙述教室设备的发展变化，故此处指教育者(educators)。
30．A.improve B．enjoy
C．accept D．suffer
解析：选A 联系教室增加新设备的目的可知，此处指教育者弄清楚了怎么样能够使用这些设备改善(improve)学习体验。
31．A.before B．until
C．when D．so
解析：选C 二十世纪中期复印机一出现就使得教室发生了革命性的变化，故此处用when。
32．A.pass B．give
C．lend D．introduce
解析：选B 有了复印机以后，教师就可以给(give)学生布置书面的家庭作业。
33．A.between B．along
C．through D．beyond
解析：选D 根据空前的homework和expanded等信息可知，这么做超越(beyond)了教室的墙壁和学校的上课时间。
34．A.easier B．further
C．slower D．longer
解析：选A 本文叙述科技给教育和学习带来的好处，故录音磁带和耳机使外语学习更容易(easier)。
35．A.questions B．experiences
C．problems D．contests
解析：选C 结合下文中的“they could now listen to lessons”可知，此处指视力或阅读问题(problems)。question 常用来指需要回答和解释的问题，故A项不符合语境。
36．A.write B．speak
C．read D．tell
解析：选C 上文提到有阅读障碍的学生，所以此处指他们可以听，而不是阅读(read)。
37．A.experiments B．examples
C．results D．inventions
解析：选B 作者上文列举了黑板、复印机和耳机等应用于教育上的设备。此处指还有其他例子(examples)，作者的目的是说明科技的变化对教育的影响。
38．A.seen B．lost
C．avoided D．kept
解析：选A 在过去几十年里，学校见证了教室里越来越多地使用尖端的现代化技术，故此处应用see。
39．A.increase B．measure
C．movement D．improvement
解析：选D 个人电脑的发明使教育有了很大的发展和改善。improvement“改善”。
40．A.similar B．different
C．backward D．important
解析：选B 联系互联网以及科学技术的发展可知，现代教育看起来与过去父辈在校那个年代不同(different)了。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passing Life's Tests with Love
When I was in school, I could always tell when my class was about to take a test. You could feel the __41__ (anxious) in the air. Their smiles were tight, everyone __42__ (tap) their pencils on desks. A few students tried to tell jokes to relax. Most of us wanted to start, so we could just get it over with.
Every once in a while, however, a teacher would give us a break and announce that the test was going to be open book. __43__ (immediate), you could see our smiles __44__ (return). A few students would laugh, and you could even hear a cheer or two. The pressure went __45__. As we took out our books, all of __46__ (we) knew that the answers would be right in front of us. All we had to do was find them.
Many people say that life is one long series of tests we have to face. This is true. But __47__ most people don't realize is that they are all open book tests. The answers are always right there in front of you, and they are so simple. You just have to open the book of your soul to any page, __48__ you will see the words, “JUST LOVE”. Just love yourself. Just love everyone as yourself. When you do this, you __49__ (pass) every test that life throws at you. When you do this you will make the world a __50__ (bright), better and happier place.
By Joseph J. Mazzella
语篇解读：人生犹如是由一个又一个考试组成的，只要你充满爱心，就会通过每一次检验，生活也会变得更美好。
41．anxiety 考查名词。句意：你可以感觉到空气中的焦虑。设空处位于冠词the之后，应用名词形式。故填anxiety。
42．tapping 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们笑容紧绷，每个人都在桌上轻敲着铅笔。分析句子结构可知，前后两部分之间没有连词连接，因此“everyone ________ their pencils on desks”不是一个完整的分句，而是独立主格结构，在句中作状语；tap与其逻辑主语everyone之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填tapping。
43．Immediately 考查副词。句意：你可以看到我们的笑容马上就回来了。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词。故填Immediately。
44．return(ed) 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构，see为感官动词，其后常用不带to的不定式。故填return。此处还可填returned，构成“see＋that 从句”，returned为从句谓语。
45．away 考查固定短语。句意：压力消失了。go away意为“(问题、不愉快的感觉等)消失”，为固定短语，符合句意。故填away。
46．us 考查代词。句意：当我们拿出书的时候，我们所有的人都知道答案就在我们面前。设空处作all of的宾语，且指代从句中的we，应用us。
47．what 考查名词性从句。句意：但是大部分人没有意识到的是它们都是开卷考试。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指事或物，故用what引导。
48．and/where 考查连词。句意：你只需要打开你灵魂之书的任何一页，你就会看到这些词：“去爱就好”。根据句意可知，前后之间为顺承关系，故用and连接。此处也可填where，构成定语从句修饰any page。
49．will pass 考查动词的时态。句意：你这么做，就会通过生活扔给你的每一场考试。根据句意可知，此处表示将来含义，应用一般将来时。故填will pass。
50．brighter 考查形容词比较级。句意：当你这样做的时候，世界会变成一个更明亮、更美好、更幸福的地方。根据句意可知，此处暗含比较意义，与其后的better与happier为并列关系，应用比较级。故填brighter。
Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Sunday, I joined the voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school. At 8：00 a．m., we arrived there, wore red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back. We helped with the police remind the passers by to obey traffic rule. To our delighted, they all waited for the green light patient except one motor biker. We also give out some hand made brochures about traffic regulations, for that many people praised us. About 4 hours later, they said good bye to the police and left. Tired as we were, we all felt an honor to do our parts.
答案：第一句：第一个the→a
第二句：wore→wearing
第三句：去掉with; rule→rules
第四句：delighted→delight; patient→patiently
第五句：give→gave; that→which
第六句：they→we
第七句：felt后加it
Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)
社会发展到了2050年，照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求适时推出了家用机器人。请你根据以下内容写一篇发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐你公司的这一新产品。该机器人的主要功能有：
1．可以在固定的时间做饭，做饭时间可以根据个人需要进行调整；
2．可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；
3．及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打急救电话等。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
参考词汇：突出的，显著的prominent
参考范文：
Ladies and gentlemen，
Thank you for attending our company's news conference. As you know, with the development of economy, people have to face various pressures. They don't have enough time to attend to the old people in their families, which has become a prominent social problem. To solve this problem, our company put out the household robot, which is designed to take care of old people.
It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess, and doing exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help.
It would be a great help for you if you own such a robot.
Thank you.
