四川省宜宾、泸州部分学校2022届高三二诊模拟考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

四川省宜宾、泸州部分学校
2022届高三二诊模拟考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022届四川省宜宾市叙州区第一中学校高三二诊模拟考试英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
New movies set holiday eve record
Chinese moviegoers set a box office （票房） record for the eve of the week—long National Day holiday. By 9:30 p.m. September 30, new movies had brought in 630 million yuan.
The major movies contributing to the box office record were My People, My Country, The Captain and The Climbers.
My People, My Country ranked first by bringing in around 270 million yuan. It was made up of seven short stories which were set in historic moments to look back at New China’s 70 years of existence. The movie was co-directed by Chen Kaige, Zhang Yibai, Guan Hu, Xue Xiaolu, Xu Zheng, Ning Hao and Wen Muye.
Another well-received film, The Captain, earned 194 million yuan to occupy second place. Starring actor Zhang Hanyu, the film is based on heroic Sichuan Airlines pilot Liu Chuanjian, who completed one of the most miraculous （奇迹的） emergency landings in China’s civil aviation （民航） history.
Also adapted from real events, The Climbers earned 157 million yuan. With an excellent cast including Zhang Ziyi and Wu Jing, the film is about Chinese mountaineers’ climbing to the top of Mount Qomolangma.
Wu Jing said the film filled a gap in the market, with sports-themed titles quite rare in the world’s second-largest movie market.
Besides the three movies eight other films will be on during the holiday ending on Oct 7.
1. My people, My country was directed by the following directors except ________.
A. Zhang Yibai B. Zhang Yimou
C. Chen Kaige D. Xu Zheng
2. The film The Captain has earned ________ yuan according to the passage.
A. 194 million B. 157 million
C. 270 million D. 630 million
3. Why did Wu Jing say The Climbers filled a gap in the movie market
A. Because it is about climbing Mount Qomolangma.
B. Because it is a very successful movie.
C. Because its theme is about sports.
D. Because it is adapted from a real event.
B
Han Tianheng picked up a carving knife at the age of 6 and never put it down. Today, the 79 year-old artist, one of China's most respected living masters of seal carving（印章雕刻）, calligraphy and Chinese painting, still remembers the incident the first time he held a knife in his hand.
“I cut my thumb badly and was horrified by the bloody sight," he said, adding that his mother applied ashes because she couldn't afford to take him to a hospital. "The cut left a scar, which is still clear today."
An eye for an eye and blood for blood, the incident didn't set him back. Instead, it aroused his passion for the ancient art form. He was determined to pursue a path that would lead to a career in seal carving. Han said.
The journey of art exploration was a little bumpy for the young man in his quest for excellence, and his seal works were harshly criticized by a famous old painter.
Most would have crumbled under the criticism, not Han. It made him even more determined. After six months' hard work, he visited the painter again.
"This time, he asked me to carve a seal for him. This was positive affirmation," Han said. "Praise and criticism are what an artist should learn to handle all his life. Praise is candy and criticism is medicine. We can live without candy, but cannot live without medicine when ill."
Han rose to fame during the early 1960s famous for bird and insect seal art. Han's seals are an essential ending part on the paintings of a long list of well-established artists.
“A seal for a good painting is. like the buttons for an haute couture(高档女子时装).An experienced tailor always knows how to choose buttons that matches the whole style," Han said
His seals are full of variety — grand and solemn for Liu Haisu's paintings, light and vivid for Lu Yanshao's, graceful and gentle for Xie Zhiliu's.
"A good seal carver should keep bis own style, and at the same time go well with the painting's style." he said.
4. What influence did the incident have on Han when he was six
A. He got injured very seriously.
B. He learned how to use a knife.
C. It aroused his interest in seal carving.
D. It helped him learn how hard life was.
5. Which best describes Han's journey of art exploration
A. Smooth and fruitful. B. Inspiring and lucky.
C. Boring but worthwhile. D. Tough but rewarding.
6. In Han's opinion, what do an experienced tailor and a good seal carver share
A. The huge respect they earn. B. The flexibility they display at work.
C. The targeted customers they serve. D. The efforts they have to make to succeed.
7. In which section, of a newspaper does this text most probably appear
A. Education. B. Events.
C. Entertainment. D. People.
C
Every driver is familiar with the horrible blind spot problem. However, it is more than just an annoyance. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, over 840,000 car accidents occur due to the blind spot. Those zones which cannot be directly observed by the driver often causes incidents that result in serious property damage and in some cases even death.
While drivers can take precautions such as adjusting the driver's seat and side mirrors properly, installing backup cameras and so on, they won't remove the invisible spots completely. Therefore, the driver will always have to carry the responsibility of being constantly aware of blind spots because failing to do that can lead to accidents.
Luckily, now there's a solution to that and it comes from a 14-year-old girl, who doesn't even have a driver's license yet. However, not being able to drive didn't prevent Alaina Gassier from understanding the important issue of traffic accidents resulting from blind spots. In fact, she knows the problem so well that she actually solved it for us. And the way she did it is nothing but genius.
Her project is called "Improving Automobile Safety by Removing Blind Spots'* and work in a relatively simple way as she explained: "I did that by having a camera behind the A — pillar of a car and the camera sent the video to a projector that projected (投射)the image onto the pillar essentially making it invisible and making the driver see behind it."
To complete this invention, she used easily attainable materials such as a webcam, projector, and 3D-printed materials that project the view from outside your vehicle onto the blind spots of your car.
Gassier was awarded for her life-saving invention. It earned her the top place in a nationwide competition for middle schoolers with the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize in honor of overall STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) excellence.
8. Why is the blind spot problem more than an annoyance
A. It is familiar to every driver.
B. It cannot be seen by drivers.
C. It may cause serious accidents.
D. It is often overlooked by drivers.
9. What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Adjusting the driver's seat. B. Being constantly aware of blind spots.
C. Adjusting side mirrors. D. Installing backup cameras.
10. Which of the following statement is wrong
A. Gassier is a student, who can't drive.
B. Gassier is talented enough to make the invention.
C. Gassier uses easily-accessible materials in her invention.
D. Gassier won first place in an international competition.
11. What can be the best title for this passage
A A Great Invention from A Young Driver
B. Improving Vehicle Sale by Removing Blind Spots
C. A Girl's Way to Solve the Blind Spot Problem in Cars
D. A New Generation of Cars without the Blind Spot Problem
D
Every day is Earth Day — probably you’ve heard it before. Nearly all Americans have access to a plastic recycling program. You may be surprised to learn how many types of plastic packaging can be recycled into new, useful products!
Ford Motor Company has been helping to promote the use of environmentally-friendly auto parts — and one way they’re doing that is by using recycled plastic bottles for underbody shields (底盘保护罩) and other auto parts on cars.
“The underbody shield is a large part, and for a part that big, if we use solid plastic, it would likely weigh three times as much,” said Thomas Sweder, a design engineer of Ford Motor Company. “We look for the most durable and highest performing materials to work with to make our parts, and in this case, we are also creating many environmental benefits.”
In the past decade, the global use of plastics in vehicle parts has grown quickly. Ford alone uses about 1.2 billion recycled plastic bottles per year, about 250 bottles per vehicle on average.
When plastic bottles are thrown into a recycling bin, they are collected with thousands of others and cut into small pieces. These pieces are typically sold to suppliers who turn them into fibers, by melting and pressing them. Then they are mixed together with other various types of fiber in a process and used to make a sheet of material which is formed into the auto parts.
Due to its light weight, recycled plastic is ideal for the manufacturing of underbody shields. These shields reportedly also help create a significantly quieter environment on the new 2020 Ford Escape.
This is not the only way that Ford has been committed to environmental protection; the automotive company recently partnered with McDonald’s coffee suppliers to recycle all of their coffee roasting biowaste into headlights.
“Ford is among the leaders when it comes to using recycled materials such as this,” Sweder said. “This material meets all of our requirements for durability and performance.”
12. Why does Ford choose recycled plastic as environmentally-friendly materials
A. Because it’s new and useful. B. Because it’s durable and light.
C. Because it’s cheap and easy to get. D. Because it’s portable and well-performed.
13. What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about
A. The global use of plastics. B. The mixing process of fibers.
C. The advantages of plastic bottles. D. The formation of the new auto material.
14. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 7 refer to
A. Recycling coffee roasting biowaste. B. Improving vehicle parts.
C. Recycling plastic bottles into auto parts. D. Creating a quieter environment.
15. What can be the best title of the passage
A. Ford Takes the Lead in Plastic Recycling.
B. Every Day is Earth Day.
C. Ecological Auto Underbody Shields.
D. A Pioneer in Promoting Environmental Protection.
2022届四川省宜宾市第四中学高三二诊模拟考试英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
About PwC
We’re one of the world’s leading professional services organizations. From 158 countries, we help our clients, some of the most successful organizations in the world, as well as their private businesses, to create the value they want. We help to measure and protect the things that matter most to them.
Responsibilities
As a senior manager, you’ll work as part of a team of problem solvers with wide consulting and industry experience, helping our clients solve their difficult business problems. You should watch smart product shows, know about the general information of market research and keep updated with the Microsoft technology, PwC news, as well as market and technology treads.
The opportunity
PwC is looking for experienced business solution sales managers who are excited by the opportunity to own and perform the sales of our Microsoft Dynamics 365. This is a role where you can quickly show your excellent selling skills and Microsoft Dynamics product knowledge to add value to our clients and show them that Microsoft Dynamics 365 and PwC represent the best solution in the market.
Experience required
5+ years’ past achievements in Microsoft Dynamics business sales
Great success in selling Cloud or SaaS services and software
Much experience in selling Microsoft Dynamics CRM or other leading Techno—logies, e.g. Salesforce, Workday
Educated to degree level in business, computer science, business administration, and marketing
Other skills we look for in future workers
All our people need to work hand in hand to help with our business strategy. This is important to the work we do for our business, and our clients. These skills make up our world leadership framework.
21．What is the senior manager mainly responsible for
A．Handling clients’ business difficulties. B．Conducting some market researches.
C．Bringing in the newest technologies. D．Organizing brilliant product shows.
22．Which of the following is a must to apply for the job
A．Making great achievements in leading technologies.
B．Working successfully in selling services and software.
C．Working at the Microsoft Company for more than 5 years.
D．Having Master’s degree in business, market computer fields.
23．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Employees need to work abroad sometimes. B．PwC is now short of the business strategy.
C．Leadership skills are one of the privileges. D．Teamwork is of importance in the work.
B
Last night's meteor shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. According to Gabe Rothschild, Emerald Valley's mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city's lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.
“My family was so frustrated," admitted town resident Duane Cosby, "We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.”
Astronomers—scientists who study stars and planets-have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.
There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating birds. According to the International Dark-Sky Association, "100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”
Countless more animal casualties (伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings. But some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a person's chances of getting cancer.
Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.
24．What do the astronomers complain about
A．Meteor showers occur less often than before. B．Their observation equipment is in poor repair.
C．Light pollution has remained unsolved for years. D．Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting.
25．What is the author's attitude towards outdoor lighting
A．Optimistic. B．Unconscious. C．Conservative. D．Concerned.
26．Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to_________.
A．lessen the chance of getting cancer B．create an ideal observation condition
C．ensure citizens a good sleep at night D．enable all creatures to live in harmony
27．What message does the author most want to give us
A．Saving wildlife is saving ourselves.
B．Great efforts should be made to save energy.
C．Human activities should be environmentally friendly.
D．New equipment should be introduced for space study.
C
For many of us, summertime means road trips to the beach or mountains, or at the very least some additional dust and bird poop on the exterior of our vehicles. The extra dirt leads us to do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash. But which choice is better for the environment
The main concerns with either choice are the amount of fresh water being used and the types of chemicals used to remove the dirt. Both of these concerns can be closely monitored when washing the car at home, says Katy Gresh, spokeswoman for the Southwest Region of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. She advises car owners to put aside a set amount of water for the entire wash. “It’s just like brushing your teeth, ”she says. “You don’t want to leave the water running or use more than you need for the job.” But even following this advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in the driveway or street flushes the dirty water into storm drains.
John Schombert is executive director of 3 Rivers Wet Weather. His organization works to educate the public about storm sewers(下水道)and water runoff, keeping this untreated water from entering the Allegheny region’s waterways. “We ask people to consider washing their cars on lawns or other permeable(透水的)surfaces where the water gets absorbed, ” Schombert says. “Soil can break down and help filter(过滤)those things,” Schombert says. “Storm sewers are not made for waste disposal.” Even when car owners use natural soaps to wash their cars, which Schombert says are probably ineffective at breaking down grease anyway.
The commercial car wash down the street knows full well the rules regarding waste water in storm sewers. According to the International Carwash Association(ICA), professional car washes must use water reclamation systems. These mandated processes not only keep the dirty water out of storm sewers and regular water treatment systems, but they also work to reduce water usage at commercial facilities.
28．What does the underlined word probably mean in the first paragraph
A．top B．bottom
C．inside D．outside
29．What worries people when they have their cars washed
A．The dirt cannot be removed easily. B．Large quantities of water are wasted.
C．The washing ways do no good to their cars. D．D The used chemicals are harmless to the environment.
30．What’s the disadvantage of washing cars at home
A．It is not easy to deal with. B．It cannot clean the dirt completely.
C．It consumes a larger amount of water. D．It does much damage to the environment.
31．What can be the best title of the text
A．Do You Put Car washing at Risk
B．Which Is Better: Car Wash or DIY
C．Why Dishwashers Are Better than Hand Washing
D．Do Americans Use Less Water than They Did Years Ago
D
It is not always a good thing to praise children because “empty” words may make them unhappy. Words such as “well done” may make them doubt their own abilities, a leading psychologist (心理学家) Stephen Grosz has warned. He says that words such as “you’re so clever” or “you’re such an artist” could also hinder their future development at school. He says that such empty praise causes children to be unhappy as they may say they can’t live up to these expectations.
Instead he advises parents and teachers to praise children less frequently and use words like “trying really hard,” Mr. Grosz said, “Empty praise is as bad as thoughtless criticism (批评). People often pay no attention to children’s feelings and thoughts.” He also mentions research showing that children who are heavily praised probably perform worse at school.
Some psychologists from Columbia University asked 128 pupils aged 10 and 11 to work out a number of math problems. Afterwards, some were told, “You did really well — you’ re so clever.” But the researchers told the other group, “You did really well — you must have tried really lard.” Both groups of children were then given more difficult questions and those who had been told they were clever did not do as well as the others.
He says that when collecting his daughter from a school near their home in North London, he heard a teacher tell her, “You have drawn the most beautiful tree. Well done,” Later, after she had done another drawing, the same teacher said, “Wow, you are really an artist.” In his book, Mr. Grosz writes, “How could I explain to the teacher that I would prefer it if she did not praise my daughter ”
As a parent of two children, I strongly agree with Mr. Grosz. I praise them when praising is proven right. I want them to know if I praise them, they have done something beyond my expectation, beyond what they are able to do.
32．The underlined word “hinder” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_______”.
A．allow B．prevent C．encourage D．control
33．Which of the following praise does Mr. Grosz like most
A．You are so clever! B．Well done, darling!
C．You must have tried hard! D．You are such an artist!
34．The example of 128 pupils is given to show _______.
A．the disadvantage of praising children strongly B．children’s growing interest in math
C．teaching children is a difficult job D．children are becoming cleverer and cleverer
35．What does the author mainly tell us in the text
A．Many children can’t live up to their parents’ expectations.
B．Praise makes good men better and bad men worse.
C．Parents should spend more time with their children.
D．Too much praise can sometimes hurt children.
2022届四川省宜宾市叙州区第二中学校高三二诊模拟考试英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Garden of Dreams was the peaceful site in Kathmandu, Nepal. The four-acre Garden of Dreams was designed by landscape architect Kishore Narshingh. Most especially, the site was characterized by six pavilions, which symbolized the “six seasons” of Nepal: spring, early summer, the summer monsoon season, early autumn, late autumn, and winter. In its most powerful time, the garden was considered one of the most remarkable feats of landscape design in the country.
Today, visitors will only find three pavilions on just over an acre of land, but the 74,000 square-foot space remains a fresh and green attraction. Through the garden’s original gates are pretty and old-fashioned fountains and ponds, isolated gardens of varying sizes, and the Kaiser Café Restaurant & Bar. Pathways are lined with grass, trees, and flowers from all over the world.
While the Garden of Dreams has been transformed into a public space, it remains a quiet and peaceful escape in the center of Kathmandu, and a popular hangout for sunbathers, wanderers, residents, and tourists alike.
Know Before You Go
The Garden of Dreams is open daily from 9 a.m. until 10 p.m. It’s located in the Kaiser Mahal complex in the busy Thamel neighborhood of Kathmandu. Admission to the garden costs Rs. 200 per person for tourists and Rs. 100 for Nepali residents. Wifi is available throughout the garden for Rs. 50 an hour.
21．Which item can tourists enjoy in the Garden of Dreams now
A．Six seasons there. B．A feast with plentiful meals.
C．Beautiful gardens of different sizes. D．Fishing in the pretty and old-fashioned ponds.
22．What is the admission for a local of Nepal and a foreign tourist
A．Rs.350. B．Rs.300. C．Rs.200. D．Rs.100.
23．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．A Trip to Nepal B．The Garden of Dreams
C．Nepal, A Beautiful Country D．A Country with Six Seasons
B
At 23 I applied for full-time positions with no intention of working five days a week. As a housewife, I had two pre-school children then but wanted to work three days a week.
This was a huge deal for me. I needed to work, but also wanted to spend time with my children while they were young. I didn’t want to miss out on school drop-offs and pick-ups. But I also didn’t want to miss out on the opportunity of promotion.
Before the interviews, I prepared a plan of how I was going to make this work for me and the employer. I saw it as a two-way agreement — the business adapting to me and me adapting to the business.
Finally I became a member of EY at 33. EY was the only firm that seemed receptive to my plan; in fact, we spent time during that first interview talking about how we could make it work together. Most importantly, the person interviewing me worked flexibly too — four days a week.
I appreciated that I’m one of the lucky ones. Even 10 years on, flexible hiring and working remains the exception rather than the rule for most.
What will help shift views and behavior, in addition to organizations updating their hiring policies, is talking more openly about how most of us organize our day around our responsibilities. We all have a life outside of work and we shouldn’t be embarrassed to talk about it, even during a job interview.
It’s a change in the way of thinking, not just for employers but employees too. In the early days I was confident about my ability but I probably did have a preconception (先入之见) that working part-time would limit my career progression. What I quickly realized was that if I took responsibility for my development, I could make sure that I got the same opportunities as if I was working full-time. So I offered solutions to how we could make it work, and it made me stand out.
24．Why did the author want a flexible job
A．To balance her work and life. B．To have more time to relax.
C．To avoid too much stress in life. D．To stand out as a special woman.
25．What perhaps made the author become a member of EY
A．The time spent discussing her plan. B．Her relationship with the interviewer.
C．Her great confidence in the interview. D．The interviewer’s understanding her.
26．What does the author advise to apply for a flexible job
A．Trying to seize every opportunity one can get.
B．Persuading the company to change its hiring policies.
C．Being honest about one’s personal life outside of work.
D．Convincing the employer of one’s responsibility for the job.
27．What can we infer about her job from the passage
A．It weakened her ability. B．It made her highly noticeable.
C．It limited her career promotion. D．It caused her to earn less money.
C
According to a team of researchers，an animal's ability to perceive（感知）time is linked to their pace of life.
“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures." commented lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.
The study was done with a variety of animals using phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs，for example，have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.
One example of this phenomenon at work，the authors say，is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research showed flies “observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve，"which allows them to avoid being hit.
Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland，who worked jointly on the research project，said in a statement，“Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus，this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers，but they can make good decisions very quickly. ”
In comparison，the tiger beetle（虎甲虫）runs faster than its eyes can keep up，basically becoming blind，which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's（猎物）position.
Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension along which animals can specialize and there is considerable range to study this system in more detail.
28．What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about？
A．Pace of life of animals. B．Impressive abilities of animals.
C．Lifetime of small animals. D．Time perception of animals.
29．What does Kevin Healy's comment mean in Para.2？
A．The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.
B．Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.
C．The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.
D．Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.
30．Why can houseflies avoid being hit？
A．They can think very deeply before they act.
B．They can process the information as quickly as they receive it.
C．They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.
D．They can send information to brain more quickly than to their eyes.
31．What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey？
A．Slow down to gain its time perception. B．Prevent itself from becoming blind.
C．Stop occasionally to spot the prey again. D．Try to run as fast as it can.
D
Climate change is perhaps the key issue of our time. Often, however, it is presented to us as being so abstract that it seems impossibly distant. For those of you looking for something a little more concrete, a new report suggests that the effects of climate change may significantly affect coffee.
The report, put out by The Climate Institute, describes the effects of climate change on various coffee-growing nations and the resultant effects on the plants and those who grow them.
Coffee Arabica plants, which produce 70% of all commercial coffee, can be adversely affected by even a half-degree change in typical weather conditions. This sensitivity to temperature puts the plant at increased risk of the effects of climate change.
In Central America the average temperature has risen by a full degree Celsius since 1960. In Ethiopia the average temperature has increased by l. 3 degrees. This increase is enough to have notable effects on the plants. In Tanzania the productivity per hectare of coffee has fallen by half since the 1960s due to changes in temperature.
Indeed, studies claim that by 2050 the area of the world suitable for growing coffee will be cut by half. Coffee production is likely to then be pushed to higher elevations(海拔) to take advantage of lower temperatures, but this will not be enough to make up for lost lowland areas.
Coffee is the second most traded goods by developing nations, and the inability of producer nations to export it could cause dramatic chain reactions in their economies.Millions of people make a living in the production, processing, transport, and sale of coffee;their livelihoods would stand to take a blow as growing areas decrease and prices rise.
As the temperature keeps rising, your cup of coffee will become much more expensive,and it may also carry an aftertaste bitterer than usual, for all those workers in the coffee belt left without the means to make a living as conditions worsen. Not only that, but the economic effects will cost the West millions in increased foreign aid.
32．What does the underlined word "adversely " in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．slightly. B．temporarily. C．harmfully. D．gradually.
33．Why will people have to grow coffee in highland areas
A．To adapt to the change of temperature. B．To increase the quality of the products.
C．To reduce the cost of coffee production D．To get access to water supply more easily.
34．What conclusion can we draw from the last two paragraphs
A．The rich will get richer and the poor poorer
B．Small changes may have large effects in general
C．Developed countries ought to aid poor countries.
D．Coffee trade will eventually disappear in the world.
35．How does the author feel about the future of coffee production
A．Cautious. B．Worried. C．Unconcerned. D．Hopeful.
2022届四川省泸县第四中学高三二诊模拟考试英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
China is one of the best tourist destinations with many great museums, which will show you the Chinese civilization for the past thousands of years.
The Palace Museum, Beijing
There are always long lines at the gate, but it’s worth the wait. The palace Museum had been the Chinses imperial (皇帝的) palace from the Ming dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty.
When you wander in the museum, you will be amazed at this largest palace complex in the world! It has about 1,807,000 rare and valuable artworks that witness the 5,000-year Chinese civilization.
Opening Hours:
April 1 — October 31: 8:30 — 17:00
November 1— March 31: 8:30 — 16:30
Closed on Mondays (except for national holidays and July-August)
National Museum of China, Beijing
This is the second most-visited museums in the world. Opened in 2003, the museum is devoted to educating the art and history of China through its collections, exhibitions, and academic researches.
Here you'll find the most brilliant masterpieces in China. It is now holding approximately 1,400,000 amazing objects. These objects are like storytellers who reveal Chinese history from the Yuanmou Man of 1.7 million years ago to the end of the Qing Dynasty.
Opening Hours:
9:00 — 17:00
Closed on Mondays
Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses (兵马俑), Xi'an
The Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses is featured with thousands of life-sized terracotta figures of warriors and horses. They are arranged in battle formations and different from each other with individual characteristics.
Thousands of treasures still remain to be unearthed at this archaeological (考古的) site, and more mysteries of the Qin dynasty will be revealed someday in the future.
Opening Hours:
March 16— November 15: 8:30 — 18:00
November 16— March 15: 8:30 — 17:30
Shanghai Museum, Shanghai
Visiting Shanghai Museum is ranked No. 2 out of 10 things to do in Shanghai. Perhaps, this is the most modem museum in China, housing a diverse collection of around 1,020,000 artifacts that chart the nation's history.
There are eleven galleries in three exhibition halls, covering most of the major categories of Chinese art: bronzes, sculpture, ceramics (陶瓷制品), paintings, calligraphy, seals, jade, coins and Ming and Qing furniture.
Opening Hours:
Monday to Sunday: 9:00 — 17:00
21．Which museum houses the largest collection
A．The Palace Museum . B．The National Museum of China.
C．The Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses. D．The Shanghai Museum.
22．What can be said about the National Museum of China
A．It is the most popular museum in the world.
B．It used to be part of the emperor's palace.
C．It shows Chinese history of all times.
D．It opens every day except Monday.
23．How is the third museum different from the other museums
A．Its collections date back to the age of the Yuanmou Man.
B．The masterpieces are arranged in its many galleries.
C．It focuses on the archaeological findings of one dynasty.
D．Sculpture, ceramics and paintings are on show there.
B
About 2,400 years ago in Athens a man was put to death for asking too many questions. If philosophy has a patron saint （领航者），it is Socrates.
Shabby and a bit strange, Socrates did not fit in. Although physically ugly and often unwashed, he had great charm and a brilliant mind. Everyone in Athens agreed that there had never been anyone quite like him and probably wouldn't be again. He was unique.
As a young man, he had been a brave soldier fighting in the Peloponnesian War against the Spartans and their allies. In middle age, he wandered around the marketplace, stopping people from time to time and asking them awkward questions. That was more or less all he did. But the questions he asked were razor-sharp.
Over and over again Socrates demonstrated that the people he met in the marketplace didn't really know what they thought they knew. A military commander would begin a conversation totally confident that he knew what "courage" meant, but after 20 minutes in Socrates' company, he would leave completely confused. The experience must have been disconcerting. Socrates loved to reveal the limits of what people genuinely understood, and to question the assumptions on which they built their lives.
The word "philosopher" comes from the Greek words meaning "love of wisdom”. The kind of wisdom that it values is based on argument, reasoning and asking questions, not on believing things simply because someone important has told you they are true. Wisdom for Socrates was not knowing lots of facts, but knowing how to do something. It meant understanding the true nature of our existence, including the limits of what we can know. Philosophers today are doing more or less what Socrates was doing: asking tough questions, looking at reasons and evidence, struggling to answer some of the most important questions we can ask ourselves about the nature of reality and how we should live.
24．What can we learn about Socrates
A．He always dressed himself properly and neatly.
B．He used to be an anti-war activist when young.
C．He had a sharp mind and the spirit of insistence.
D．He was enthusiastic about bargaining in the supermarket.
25．What does the underlined word “ disconcerting " in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Awesome. B．Enjoyable. C．Disturbing. D．Risky.
26．What is the wisdom from philosophy
A．Learning to argue, reason and ask. B．Having faith in what experts told you.
C．Figuring out how to solve the question. D．Managing to have access to lots of facts.
27．Which column is the passage taken from
A．Politics. B．Economy. C．Society. D．Culture.
C
When it comes to poverty relief efforts in the developing world, small is the new big. Consider juncao, a group of wild grasses that have become one of China’s most significant contributions to the world’s sustainable development, with multiple uses being shared by people in 105 countries to help tackle food issues and desertification (沙漠化).
Juncao, which literally means “the herbal plant for growing edible (食用的) mushrooms”, has worked miracles for Chinese scientists who are cultivating it as a substrate (培养基) for growing edible and medicinal mushrooms or as food for livestock, as well as using it as green barrier to stop sand hills from advancing.
China introduced the grass and its cultivation technology to Papua New Guinea more than 20 years ago to help local formers raise livestock and grow edible mushrooms. “We hope we will help double the agricultural production capacity and farmers’ incomes in Papua New Guinea,” said Lin Zhanxi, a 79-year-old professor with Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University and the chief scientist for grass development.
It’s been 35 years since Lin selected the grass species to replace wood as a substrate for growing mushrooms in East China’s Fujian province, and this has saved a vast coverage of natural forest there. Through the years, Lin has developed 45 varieties of juncao, which can be used to cultivate 55 mushroom species.
Despite his age, Lin has often traveled afar to help people in developing countries learn about the benefits of this agricultural technology. "The first time I went to Papua New Guinea in 1997, I realized how people there were struggling with extreme poverty," Lin said. At that time, a tribe chief knelt down before Lin to thank him for bringing the technique to save them from starvation. To his astonishment, the tribe people celebrated the whole night. Members of the team were so touched that they decided to stay and help the people shake off poverty. In a land without electricity or modem devices, the team members worked there for eight years to teach locals how to cultivate and use the grass.
28．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The promotion of juncao. B．The appearance of juncao.
C．The application of juncao. D．The evolution of juncao.
29．What is the main purpose of introducing Juncao to Papua New Guinea
A．To feed livestock. B．To fight against sandstorm.
C．To grow mushrooms. D．To relieve its poverty.
30．What can we infer about the previous way of growing mushrooms in Fujian
A．People cut down trees to use the wood as a substrate.
B．People covered mushrooms with leaves.
C．People grew mushrooms in the natural forest.
D．People relied on wild grass to grow mushrooms.
31．What made Lin Zhanxi surprised in Papua New Guinea
A．A tribe chief knelt down before him. B．Locals celebrated for his technology all night.
C．Natives lack electricity and modem devices. D．The team worked there for eight years.
D
Fritillaria plants should be simple to spot. The usually bright green plants often stand alone amid the rocks that top the Himalayan and Hengduan mountains in southwestern China — easy pickings for traditional Chinese medicine herbalists, who've ground the bulbs （鳞茎) of Fritillaria into a cough-treating powder for more than 2, 000 years. The demand for the bulbs is intense, since about 3,500 of them are needed to produce one kilogram of the powder,worth about $480.
But some Fritillaria are remarkably difficult to find，with leaves and stems that are barely distinguishable from the gray or brown rocky background. Surprisingly, the plants’ camouflage(伪装) seems to have evolved in response to people.
In wide open areas with little cover, like mountaintops, blending in can help the plants avoid hungry herbivores, says Yang Niu, a botanist at the Kunming Institute of Botany in China. But after five years of studying camouflage in Fritillaria, he did not spot any animals feeding on the plants.
So Niu, his colleague Hang Sun and sensory ecologist Martin Stevens of the University of Exeter in England decided to see if humans might be driving the evolution of the plants’ camouflage.
During their research, local herbalists noted the total weight of the bulbs harvested each year from2014 to 2019 at seven study sites. These records indicated contemporary harvesting pressure on the plants. In the meantime, the researchers assessed the ease of harvesting by recording how long it took to dig up bulbs at six of those sites. On some slopes, bulbs are easily dug up, but in others they can be buried under rocks. Both measures have revealed a striking pattern: The more harvested a site is, the better the color of a plant matches its background.
However, camouflage can present some challenges. Pollinators(花粉传播者) might have a harder time finding the camouflaged plants, and the gray and brown coloration could impair photosynthetic(光合) activity. Still, these Fritillaria show how adaptable the plants can be. The plants can better change their appearance than we might have expected.
32．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．The reason for picking Fritillaria. B．The surviving skills of Fritillaria.
C．The history of traditional Chinese medicine. D．The appearance of Fritillaria.
33．What do the researchers find
A．Fritillaria disguise themselves where people harvest often.
B．Animals drive Fritillaria to hide themselves better.
C．Frequent human activities make it easier to spot Fritillaria.
D．Fritillaria usually hide under rocks.
34．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Plants can constantly change how they-look. B．Camouflage can do harm to Fritillaria to some degree.
C．Fritillaria play an important role in the eco-system. D．All plants are not good at camouflaging.
35．In which magazine will you most probably read the passage
A．The Wall Street Journal. B．The Economist.
C．Current Biology. D．Conde Nast Traveler.
四川省泸州市泸县第一中学2022届高三二诊模拟考试英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Lake Tekapo lies in the center of the South Island in an area known as the Mackenzie Basin in New Zealand. Tekapo Tourism provides one of the most comprehensive accommodation listings in the region. All accommodation providers in Tekapo are listed as follows.
● The Chalet Boutique Motel
Description: It’s only a short distance from the Church of the Good Shepherd. You’ll find the Chalet Boutique Motel very close to the shores of Lake Tekapo.
At the Chalet Boutique Motel you have the choice of six self-contained apartments varying in size from two-bedroom apartments to studio apartments. Some offer extraordinary views of the lake and mountains.
Price: $185—$295 for two people per night
Address: Pioneer Drive, PO Box 2, Lake Tekapo
● Tekapo B2 Apartment
Description: Tekapo B2 apartment is a self-contained, one-bedroom, upstairs apartment with views overlooking Lake Tekapo. It’s only a short walk from the town center. The bedroom is suitable for two people. A sofa bed is available for a third person. Any third person in the same room will be charged half price.
Price: $210—$270 for two people per night
Address: 2 Murray Place, Lake Tekapo
● Mt John Historic Homestead
Description: Built in 1911, the Mount John Homestead has recently been renovated. An original collection of art by a local artist and thousands of local photos are displayed throughout the rooms.
The yard is also available for special occasions such as weddings, family reunions or small parties. A minimum booking of two nights is required.
Price: $470—$600 for two people for two nights
Address: State Highway 8, PO Box 91, Lake Tekapo
21．What’s your best choice if you want to enjoy views of the lake
A．Tekapo B2 Apartment. B．The Chalet Boutique Motel.
C．Mt John Historic Homestead. D．The Church of the Good Shepherd.
22．How much will three persons sharing the same room for two nights pay in Tekapo B2 Apartment
A．Less than $420. B．$600 at most. C．$630 at least. D．Over $850.
23．Which is true about Mt John Historic Homestead
A．It has newly built apartments. B．A birthday party can be held there.
C．You can book a room for one night. D．World-wide artworks are often displayed .
B
Kumar is ten years old and works with his father in New Delhi. Every morning, while carrying plastic bags on his shoulders, he runs into children walking to school, ashamed at not being in a school uniform like them. Kumar is one of India’s five million school dropouts. These are the children of villagers who moved to New Delhi but end up living in slums (贫民窟). Many of them, like Kumar’s father, can’t afford to send their children to school. Others are not able to provide birth certificates for their children, which are necessary for school admission.
However, two yellow buses — equipped as mobile schools with teaching materials such as books, whiteboard, pens and toys are helping them. They are part of the government’s project which started in 2003. The books and school bags are free. Every morning, the yellow bus mobile schools arrive near selected slums. “If the children can’t go to school, we have to take the school to them, to their doorstep,” said Sharma, a mobile school teacher. Sharma said that at first parents hesitated to send their children to the mobile school because they were afraid that their children would be cheated. It took the teachers a long time to build their confidence.
Financed by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) in India, the mobile schools project has helped reduce the number of dropouts from 25 million to 5 million. The children are proud because the mobile school comes specially for them. It has changed their lives and given them hope. After joining the bus school, eleven-year-old Meena is very happy with her new life. Although she is young, she understands that education is the key to escaping the poverty. So impressed by her progress, other mothers were convinced to let their daughters attend the mobile school.
The mobile school teachers provide children with primary education to get them up to the level and then they go on with their studies in public schools.
24．What keeps Kumar from going to school in New Delhi
A．His father has been uneducated. B．He has no birth certificate of his.
C．His family has no enough money. D．He has no interest in learning.
25．How did the parents feel about the mobile schools at the beginning
A．Proud. B．Tolerant. C．Impressed. D．Skeptical.
26．Which of the following can best describe the bus schools
A．They’ve cost India a lot. B．They have been fruitful.
C．They’ve come to an end. D．They are inconvenient.
27．In which section does the text appear most probably in an education magazine
A．Kindergarten. B．Primary school.
C．Junior high school. D．Senior high school.
C
Before COVID-19, there was widespread movement (运动)in the U. S. -shoppers in many American states were required to bring reusable bags to food stores or pay money to receive a bag; restaurants in some areas were told not to use plastic takeout boxes. But COVID-19 has changed everything.
In just a few days, governors in Massachusetts and Illinois became strongly against the use of reusable cloth bags that were often brought to food stores; Oregon put off its new ban on plastic bags; and cities from Bellingham, Washington, to Albuquerque, New Mexico have stopped plastic bag bans for the time being. "Those who use reusable bags do not often wash them. People are frightened as COVID-19 continue, so the environment is taking a back seat," said Glen Quadros, owner of the Great American Diner & Bar in Seattle, Washington.
There is an increase in takeout food and a ban on reusable cups and straws (吸管) at the few coffee stores that remain open. Many environmentalists worry that COVID-19 would impede their efforts to reduce plastic products.
According to a study by the U. S. National Institutes of Health, the virus can stay on plastics for up to three days. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says it appears possible for a person to get COVID-19 by touching something that has the virus on it and then touching their face. As a result, the Plastics Industry Association says that one-use plastic bags are safer now.
California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, New York, Oregon and Vermont have all banned plastic bags statewide. The Plastics Industry Association recently sent a letter to Alex Azar, who is head of the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Association asked him to do something about the plastic bag bans, saying that the rules are putting people at risk.
28．What is the movement about in the U. S. mentioned in the text
A．Saving food and decreasing waste. B．Making full use of plastic products.
C．Removing one-use plastic products. D．Encouraging cooking at home.
29．What happened after COVID-19
A．Plastic bans received support from more states. B．Plastic bans prevented people ordering takeout food.
C．Plastic bans were overlooked by the public. D．Plastic bans sped up the spread of viruses.
30．Which of the following can replace the underlined word "impede" in Paragraph 3
A．reward B．require C．increase D．stop
31．What does the Plastics Industry Association want to do
A．To improve the quality of one-use plastic bags. B．To teach people the right way to use plastic bags.
C．To ask Alex Azar to remove the plastic bag bans. D．To support Alex Azar in fighting against COVID-19.
D
In 2016, Japanese scientists found a kind of bacteria, which they called Ideonella sakainesis, could “eat” plastic.
The secret for Ideonella sakainesis is enzymes (酶) used by bacteria and other cells to make chemical changes happen. It uses two enzymes to turn plastic into something it can eat. What's left over afterward could be used to make new plastic. One of them, called “PETase”, is the one that breaks down the plastic. Recently, scientists have figured out a way to make the bacteria eat plastic even faster. They did some chemical work with the enzyme PETase. They thought what they did would make it eat plastic even slower. However, they were surprised to find that the change made it eat 20% faster.
This is an important step, but it will still be a while before we will know if Ideonella sakainesis can really make a difference. Everything has to be just right for it to do its work. It can't be too hot or too cold. The scientists say they'll keep exploring to make it work in all kinds of conditions. Besides, it only eats one kind of plastic called PET, which is usually used for making bottles. But scientists think it is possible that there may be other kinds of bacteria that eat other kinds of plastic. They think that even if these bacteria don't already exist, they may come along soon. Bacteria can change their habits quickly, compared to bigger life forms.
Most plastic can already be recycled, and this is really just a new way to recycle it. However, as scientists warn seriously, Ideonella sakainesis' new function does not change the fact that only about 9% of plastics actually get recycled, while the rest get thrown away. They also point out that harmful chemicals are added when plastic is made. If bacteria break down plastic in natural areas, those poisons will be given off, and could affect plants, animals, or humans.
32．How did the scientists find the fact that the bacteria eat plastic faster
A．They made changes to PETase.
B．They added more PETase to plastic.
C．They mixed plastic's two enzymes.
D．They removed enzymes from plastic.
33．What do we know about Ideonella sakainesis from paragraph 3
A．It breaks down some special kinds of plastic.
B．It eats plastic under demanding conditions.
C．It stops other bacteria possessing PETase.
D．It produces enzymes when eating plastic.
34．What do the scientists convey about plastic recycling in the last paragraph
A．They are confident to do it. B．It's hard to recycle plastic.
C．Its situation worries them. D．It has been well done so far.
35．What's the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To advocate recycling plastic.
B．To praise scientists' hard work.
C．To show severe plastic pollution.
D．To introduce a new discovery.
答案：
2022届四川省宜宾市叙州区第一中学校高三二诊模拟考试英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在十一黄金周前夜，电影票房记录被刷新，文章简要介绍了三部带动票房的电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句话“The movie was co-directed by Chen Kaige, Zhang Yibai, Guan Hu, Xue Xiaolu, Xu Zheng, Ning Hao and Wen Muye.”影片由陈凯歌等人联合执导，可知，这里没有提到Zhang Yimou，所以My people, My country是由除了Zhang Yimou以外陈凯歌等人指导的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节题解题。根据文章第四段第一句话“Another well-received film, The Captain, earned 194 million yuan to occupy second place.”可知，另一部广受好评的电影The Captain获得了1亿9千4百万元的票房，位居第二。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Wu Jing said the film filled a gap in the market, with sports-themed titles quite rare in the world's second-largest movie market”吴京说，这部电影填补了市场的空白，在世界第二大电影市场上，体育题材的电影很少见，可知，吴京说The Climbers填补了电影市场的空白，因为它的主题是体育，文章“sports-themed titles”呼应C选项“theme is about sports”。故选C。
【点睛】阅读理解细节理解题，有的可以直接理解，从选项找到和文章相同的单词，从而可以很容易地确定答案。例如第3小题，文章“sports-themed titles”呼应C选项“theme is about sports”。故选C。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国篆刻大师韩天衡的生平经历，着重讲述了年少时学习篆刻艺术时克服困难的一些事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Instead, it aroused his passion for the ancient art form.”可知，这次受伤事件不仅没有挫败他，反而激起了他对于篆刻艺术的热情。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The journey of art exploration was a little bumpy for the young man in his quest for excellence”可知，探索艺术的道路是充满波折和困难的，他受到过很多批评，但下文中他最终取得了很高的成就，可见回报也是丰厚的。D选项“艰难但有收获的”符合文意。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段韩的原话“A seal for a good painting is. like the buttons for an haute couture(高档女子时装).An experienced tailor always knows how to choose buttons that matches the whole style”可知，和裁缝一样，印章的篆刻也要求与作品整体的风格相搭配，即每一个作品都要搭配不同风格的印章，B选项在这里理解为“他们展示在作品中的灵活性、适应性”与文意相符。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章以“Han Tianheng picked up a carving knife at the age of 6 and never put it down.”这样介绍人物的句子开门见山，且全文都围绕韩天衡的生平经历展开，应该最可能在介绍人物的版块出现。故选D项。
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文，文章介绍一个女孩想办法解决汽车盲点的问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, over 840,000 car accidents occur due to the blind spot.(根据国家公路交通安全管理局的数据，超过84万起车祸是由于盲点造成的。)可知，盲点问题不仅仅是一个烦恼，它可能导致严重的事故，故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段Therefore, the driver will always have to carry the responsibility of being constantly aware of blind spots because failing to do that can lead to accidents.( 因此，司机总是要承担不断意识到盲点责任，因为不这样做可能会导致事故。)可知， "that" 指的是"不断地意识到盲点"。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的It earned her the top place in a nationwide competition for middle schoolers with the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize in honor of overall STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) excellence(这为她赢得了全国中学生竞赛的第一名，获得了2.5万美元的塞缪尔基金会奖，以表彰她在STEM(科学、技术、工程、数学)方面的优异表现。)可知，Gassier 赢得全国比赛一等奖，不是国际比赛。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读第一、二段，本文就驾驶盲点问题展开，又根据第三段Luckily, now there's a solution to that and it comes from a 14-year-old girl可知本文介绍一个女孩想办法解决汽车盲点问题，A Girl's Way to Solve the Blind Spot Problem in Cars是最好的标题，故选C。
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。在使用回收材料方面，福特是领先者之一。福特汽车公司一直在促进环保汽车零部件的使用，措施之一是将回收的塑料瓶用于底盘保护罩和汽车上的其他零件。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段We look for the most durable and highest performing materials to work with to make our parts, and in this case, we are also creating many environmental benefits.（我们寻找最耐用、性能最高的材料来制造我们的零部件，在这个案例中，我们也创造了许多环保效益。）和文章第六段Due to its light weight, recycled plastic is ideal for the manufacturing of underbody shields.（由于其重量轻，回收塑料是制造车底护板的理想材料）可知，福特公司选择塑料作为汽车零件的环保材料，是因为它耐用、轻巧。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第五段When plastic bottles are thrown into a recycling bin, they are collected with thousands of others and cut into small pieces. These pieces are typically sold to suppliers who turn them into fibers, by melting and pressing them. Then they are mixed together with other various types of fiber in a process and used to make a sheet of material which is formed into the auto parts.（当塑料瓶被扔进回收站，它们和成千上万的其他瓶子一起被收集并切成小块。然后这些碎片通常被卖给供应商，供应商通过融化和挤压，将它们制成纤维。之后，它们与其他各种类型的纤维混合在一起，用来制造汽车零件的板材。由此可以看出，这一自然段是在介绍新型汽车材料的形成。故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前的Due to its light weight, recycled plastic is ideal for the manufacturing of underbody shields. These shields reportedly also help create a significantly quieter environment on the new 2020 Ford Escape.可知，因为重量轻，回收塑料是制造车底护板的理想材料。这些保护罩在新款2020 Ford Escape上帮助制造一个更加安静的环境。由此可知，This指代的是将塑料瓶回收制成的汽车零件。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段Ford is among the leaders when it comes to using recycled materials such as this可知，当谈到使用这样的回收材料时，福特是领导者之一。因此，本文标题可以是“福特在塑料回收方面处于领先位置”。故选A。
【点睛】每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。主旨要义型题范围一般包括：短文标题、主题大意或段落大意等。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。考生需要分析文章的篇章结构，抓住文章的开头或结尾，从而找出能概括文章的主题句。主旨大意主要的解题策略有：（1）标题类。文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。（2）主旨类。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。本文中第4小题就是属于标题类的主旨大意题，根据文章最后一段Ford is among the leaders when it comes to using recycled materials such as this可知，当谈到使用这样的回收材料时，福特是领导者之一。因此，本文标题可以是“福特在塑料回收方面处于领先位置”。从而得出答案选A。
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