重庆市2020-2022届(三年)高三三诊英语试题分类汇编:完形填空(含答案)

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名称 重庆市2020-2022届(三年)高三三诊英语试题分类汇编:完形填空(含答案)
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重庆市
2020-2022届(三年)高三三诊英语试题分类汇编
完形填空
重庆市2022届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选由可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Recently, the dog my aunt had been keeping for almost 18 years died of old age. So ____21____ was the poor lady that she kept telling others not to raise a pet, saying she wouldn’t have had to ____22____ this much grief if she hadn’t kept the dog.
For sure, the loss of something precious is in no way a ____23____ experience. But, despite my ____24____ for her, I was somewhat frustrated about her nagging (唠叨). By saying her ____25____ words, she was in fact increasing the ____26____ rather than reliving the happy hours she had spent with her dog, the heartfelt ____27____ whenever she would stroke (抚摸) its furry head, her ____28____ nights when the dog was around, and the many other sweet ____29____ .
I myself have also had dogs that I’ve lost three _____30_____ . But still, I am now _____31_____ another one. Knowing that I will one day lose him simply makes me _____32_____ the time we have together. Having an _____33_____ to have something special before losing it is a blessing. It _____34_____ us that the things we hold dear will not be with us forever, teaching us to _____35_____ the present moment and to live our lives to the fullest.
21. A. busy B. heartbroken C. excited D. popular
22. A. hear B. avoid C. express D. suffer
23 A. common B. bad C. pleasant D. real
24. A. sympathy B. love C. respect D. support
25. A. favorite B. angry C. inspiring D. regretful
26. A. risk B. pain C. possibility D. difficulty
27. A. sadness B. apology C. smile D. concern
28. A. wonderful B. normal C. sleepless D. lonely
29. A. arguments B. words C. dreams D. moments
30. A. luckily B. possibly C. actually D. particularly
31. A. raising B. adopting C. selling D. training
32. A. waste B. value C. shorten D. limit
33. A. excuse B. answer C. idea D. opportunity
34. A. reminds B. surprises C. disappoints D. bothers
35. A. accept B. understand C. enjoy D. change
重庆市2021届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。
Computer games have long been a part of my life. When I was a kid, this ___21___ didn't affect me that much. ___22___ , once I felt the need to be more ___23___, I started feeling guilty about it.
I banned all gaming from ___24___ my life. But after a few days, I restarted. Then I urged myself to stop again...This ___25___ was repeated so many times that I decided to take a ___26___ path.
Gaming is here to stay, but I must ___27___ my gaming with my studying.
Activities like gaming, though they are not productive, are ___28___ . We need some time where we aren't thinking about our ___29___ . For other people, that ___30___ watching TV or going shopping. For me, it's playing games.
Then, I started to ___31___ how much time I spent playing computer games. I play games only after I've ___32___
myself for quizzes and exams. Also, I decide how long I ___33___ to play before I start — 30 minutes a day at most. This way, I can ___34___ with gaming, but I won't spend the whole day playing games.
I believe that gaming can be part of a productive day as long as I am able to learn how to balance it with my ___35___ .
21. A. decision B. change C. addiction D. trouble
22. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Otherwise
23. A. clear B. honest C. direct D. productive
24. A. controlling B. entering C. saving D. arranging
25. A. struggle B. experiment C. story D. question
26. A. similar B. simple C. different D. smooth
27 A. start B. replace C. compare D. balance
28. A. necessary B. interesting C. attractive D. available
29. A. friends B. problems C. similarities D. choices
30. A. prevents B. encourages C. means D. allows
31. A. record B. ignore C. understand D. imagine
32. A. blamed B. excused C. praised D. prepared
33. A. refuse B. intend C. continue D. have
34. A. progress B. begin C. relax D. end
35. A. studies B. life C. work D. tasks
重庆市2020届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Boyan Slat is 26. If you saw him walking down the street, you might think he was just a student at a local technical university. And so he was, seven years ago, right before he ____21____ out of college.
Slat’s life began to ____22____ after a holiday trip to Greece with his family when he was 16. Before taking a diving course, he had ____23____ to see beautiful sea animals. However, what he ____24____ saw in the ocean was an awful lot of ____25____ waste. From that moment on, Slat dived into a ____26____ to find a solution to this alarming problem. ____27____ by the idea for a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the oceans, he ____28____ his company at the age of 18. Although the idea was named one of the best ____29____ of 2015 by TIME magazine, he received _____30_____ feedback from the specialists in _____31_____ issues.
Slat was not _____32_____ and continued with his mission. After five and a half years’ hard work, he launched the world’s _____33_____ ocean plastic cleanup system: System 001. The U-shaped pipe, about 609 meters in _____34_____, snakes its way out under the Golden Gate Bridge into the Pacific. These floating barriers will capture (捕获) plastic as the ocean water flow past. Ships will collect the waste and bring it to land for _____35_____ every few months. According to Slat, if all goes to plan, only 60 systems could _____36_____ the amount of plastic there by as much as 50 percent by 2025.
_____37_____, there remains a problem: what will happen to the plastic brought back to shore from Slats systems It’s likely that lots of the waste will _____38_____ be recycled into more single-use plastics that end up back in the _____39_____. That doesn’t mean Slat will _____40_____. “Big problems require big solutions,” he says. “If anyone has any better ideas, I’d love to know.”
21. A. ran B. dropped C. studied D. grew
22. A. change B. improve C. suffer D. worsen
23. A. failed B. managed C. started D. expected
24. A. suddenly B. actually C. probably D. rarely
25. A. medical B. industrial C. plastic D. agricultural
26. A. project B. book C. lake D. river
27. A. Troubled B. Amused C. Frightened D. Struck
28 A. left B. founded C. sold D. introduced
29. A. inventions B. results C. wishes D. barriers
30. A. positive B. valuable C. negative D. immediate
31. A. legal B. social C. political D. environmental
32. A. discouraged B. abandoned C. pleased D. surprised
33. A. largest B. best C. first D. fastest
34. A. width B. length C. height D. depth
35. A. burning B. burying C. recycling D. testing
36. A. increase B. reduce C. keep D. limit
37. A. Besides B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise
38. A. eventually B. certainly C. rapidly D. carefully
39. A. ships B. mountains C. dustbins D. oceans
40. A. give back B. give in C. give out D. give up
答案:
重庆市2022届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,作者由姑妈痛失爱狗并发誓不再养狗一事得出感悟:在失去之前有机会拥有一些特别的东西是一种祝福,它提醒我们,我们所珍视的东西不会永远与我们在一起,并教会我们享受当下,充实地生活。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:最近,我姑姑养了将近18年的那条狗老死了。这个可怜的女人非常伤心,她不停地告诉别人不要养宠物,她说如果自己没有养狗,就不会承受这么大的痛苦。A. busy忙碌的;B. heartbroken心碎的;C. excited兴奋的;D. popular流行的。空前一句说姑姑养了将近18年的那条狗老死了因此她非常伤心,故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hear听见;B. avoid避免;C. express表达;D. suffer遭受、承受。根据“this much grief if she hadn’t kept the dog.”可知,她说如果自己没有养狗,就不会承受这么大的痛苦,故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当然,失去珍贵的东西绝不是一种愉快的经历。但是,尽管我同情她,我还是对她的唠叨感到有些沮丧。A. common常见的;B. bad不好的;C. pleasant愉快的;D. real真实的。根据“the loss of something precious is in no way”可知,失去珍贵的东西绝不是一种愉快的经历,故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sympathy同情;B. love爱;C. respect尊重;D. support支持。文章第一句话说姑姑养了18年的狗死了,她非常伤心,因此我很同情她,故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她说的那些后悔的话实际上是在增加痛苦,而不是在缅怀与狗共度的快乐时光、抚摸它毛茸茸的脑袋时她那发自内心的微笑,那些有狗陪伴的美好夜晚,以及其他许多甜蜜的时刻。A. favorite最喜欢的;B. angry生气的;C. inspiring鼓舞人心的;D. regretful后悔的、遗憾的。上文的“saying she wouldn’t have had to suffer much grief if she hadn’t kept the dog.”是后悔养狗的话,故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. risk风险;B. pain痛苦;C. possibility可能性;D. difficulty困难。根据“rather than reliving the happy hours she had spent with her dog.”可知,说那些后悔的话实际上是在增加失去狗的痛苦,而不是在缅怀与狗共度的快乐时光,故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sadness伤心;B. apology道歉;C. smile微笑;D. concern关心。根据“whenever she would stroke its furry head”可知,当抚摸狗狗毛茸茸的脑袋时她会微笑,故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wonderful美好的;B. normal正常的;C. sleepless睡不着的;D. lonely孤独的。根据“when the dog was around”可知,有狗狗在身边陪伴的夜晚是美好的,故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. arguments争论;B. words话语;C. dreams争论;D. moments时刻、瞬间。前面提到的那些都是生活中有狗狗陪伴的甜蜜时刻,故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:我自己也养过狗,实际上我已经失去了三只。A. luckily幸运地;B. possibly可能地;C. actually实际上;D. particularly特别地。根据“I myself have also had dogs that I’ve lost three”可知,此处用actually引出作者想要强调的内容,故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:但我现在又养了一只。A. raising抚养、喂养;B. adopting收养;C. selling售卖;D. training训练。根据“I myself have also had dogs that I’ve lost three”可知,我自己也养过狗,虽然失去了三只,但我现在又养了一只,故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:知道有一天我会失去他只会让我珍惜我们在一起的时间。A. waste浪费;B. value重视、珍惜;C. shorten缩短;D. limit限制。根据“Knowing that I will one day lose him simply makes me”可知,知道有一天我会失去他只会让我珍惜我们在一起的时间,故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在失去之前有机会拥有一些特别的东西是一种祝福。A. excuse借口;B. answer答案;C. idea想法;D. opportunity机会。根据“to have something special before losing it is a blessing.”可知,在失去之前有机会拥有一些特别的东西是一种祝福,故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:它提醒我们,我们所珍视的东西不会永远与我们在一起,并教会我们享受当下,充实地生活。A. reminds提醒、时想起;B. surprises使惊讶;C. disappoints使失望;D. bothers打扰。下文“that the things we hold dear will not be with us forever, teaching us to enjoy the present moment and to live our lives to the fullest.”是它提醒我们的内容,故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. accept接受;B. understand理解;C. enjoy喜欢、享受;D. change改变。根据“the present moment and to live our lives to the fullest.”可知,享受当下,充实地生活,故选C。
重庆市2021届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者之前沉迷游戏,影响了学习,一开始作者决定不再玩游戏,但这种斗争重复了很多次,所以作者决定学会平衡游戏与生活。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我还是个孩子的时候,这种瘾对我的影响并不大。A.decision决定;B.change改变;C.addiction上瘾,沉溺;D.trouble麻烦。根据“Computer games have long been a part of my life.”(电脑游戏一直是我生活的一部分)可知,此处是指电脑游戏上瘾。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,当我觉得有必要提高工作效率时,我开始感到内疚。A.Therefore因此;B.However然而;C.Besides另外;D.Otherwise否则。“I started feeling guilty about it”和“this addiction didn't affect me that much”构成转折关系,所以应用转折词however。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,当我觉得有必要提高工作效率时,我开始感到内疚。A.clear清晰的;B.honest诚实的;C.direct直接的;D.productive富有成效的。根据后文“Activities like gaming, though they are not productive”(像游戏这样的活动,尽管它们不是有成效的)可知,此处是指当 “我”觉得有必要提高工作效率时。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我禁止所有的游戏进入我的生活。A.controlling控制;B.entering进入;C.saving节省;D.arranging安排。根据“Then I urged myself to stop again”(然后我又劝自己停下来)可知,此处是指禁止所有的游戏进入生活。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这种斗争重复了很多次,所以我决定选择一条不同的道路。A.struggle斗争;B.experiment实验;C.story故事;D.question问题。根据“But after a few days, I restarted. Then I urged myself to stop again...”(但几天后,我又重新开始了。然后我又劝自己停下来 ……)可知,这是一种斗争。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这种斗争重复了很多次,所以我决定选择一条不同的道路。A.similar相似的;B.simple简单的;C.different不同的;D.smooth光滑的。根据“Gaming is here to stay”(游戏将继续存在)可知,此处是指“我”决定选择一条与原来不同的道路。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:游戏将继续存在,但我必须在游戏和学习之间找到平衡。A.start开始;B.replace代替;C.compare比较;D.balance使平衡。根据“I am able to learn how to balance it”(我能够学会如何平衡它)可知,此处是指“我”必须在游戏和学习之间找到平衡。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:像游戏这样的活动虽然不是有成效的,但却是必要的。A.necessary必要的;B.interesting有趣的;C.attractive有吸引力的;D.available可获得的。根据“We need some time where we aren't thinking about our 9 . ”(我们需要在我们不思考……的地方花一些时间)可知,此处是指像游戏这样的活动是必要的。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们需要一些时间不去思考我们的问题。A.friends朋友;B.problems问题;C.similarities相似;D.choices选择。此处是指生活中需要放松时间,不思考自己的问题。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:对其他人来说,这意味着看电视或购物。A.prevents阻止;B.encourages鼓励;C.means意味着;D.allows允许。that是指前文中提到的“需要一些时间不去思考我们的问题”,也就是说放松,所以此处是指对其他人来说,放松意味着看电视或购物。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,我开始记录我花了多少时间玩电脑游戏。A.record记录;B.ignore忽视;C.understand理解;D.imagine想象。根据“30 minutes a day at most”(每天最多30分钟)可知,此处是指记录花了多少时间玩电脑游戏。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我只在准备好小测验和考试后才玩游戏。A.blamed责备;B.excused原谅;C.praised表扬;D.prepared准备。根据“I play games only after”可知,此处是指只在准备好小测验和考试后才玩游戏。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:同时,我也会在开始之前决定打算玩多长时间——每天最多30分钟。A.refuse拒绝;B.intend打算;C.continue继续;D.have有。根据“before I start”可知,此处是指在开始之前决定打算玩多长时间。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这样,我可以用游戏放松,但我不会花一整天玩游戏。A.progress前进,进步;B.begin开始;C.relax放松;D.end结束。根据“with gaming”可知,此处是指用游戏放松。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我相信只要我能够学会如何平衡游戏与学习,游戏便能够成为我富有成效的一天中的一部分。A.studies学习;B.life生活;C.work工作;D.tasks任务。根据“I must balance my gaming with my studying”可知,此处是指学会如何平衡游戏与学习。故选A。
重庆市2020届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一个叫 Boyan Slat 的男孩,在 16 岁去希腊潜水时看到海里到处是塑料垃圾,决定专注于解决海洋污染,发明了世界上第一个海上塑料收集系统,并定期将塑料垃圾运上岸进行回收
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:七年前,就在他从大学退学之前,他还是一个学生。A. ran跑步;B. dropped掉;下降;放弃;C. studied学习;D. grew生长;成长。根据前文And so he was, seven years ago.说明没退学之前是一个大学生。drop out of,固定结构,意为“退学,失学”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:16岁那年,他和家人去希腊度假,从此,他的生活开始改变。A. change改变;B. improve改善;提高;C. suffer遭受;患有;D. worsen使变得更糟;变得更糟。根据后文“From that moment on, Slat dived into a ____6 __ to find a solution to this alarming problem.”可知,16岁时,他和家人去了希腊度假之后,他的生活发生了改变,他开始潜心研究解决海洋塑料垃圾的方法。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:在上潜水课之前,他原以为能看到美丽的海洋动物。A. failed失败;B. managed设法(做成某事);管理;C. started开始;D. expected期待;期望。根据句子“Before taking a diving course”可知,他是带着能看到美丽的海洋生物的期待去潜水的。had expected to do,意为“(原本)期望做某事”,符合句意。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,他实际上看到的是海洋中大量的塑料垃圾。A. suddenly突然地;B. actually实际上;C. probably可能;D. rarely少见地。根据句首“However”可知,本句应是对于前文的转折,实际与期望不同。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,他实际上看到的是海洋中大量的塑料垃圾。A. medical医学的;医疗的;B. industrial工业的;C. plastic塑料制的;D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the oceans(漂浮的可以收集海洋中的塑料屏障)”可知,他在海里看到了塑料垃圾。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:从那一刻起,Slat潜心投入到一个项目中去寻找这个令人担忧的问题的解决方案。A. project项目;(学生研究的)课题;B. book书籍;C. lake湖泊;D. river河流。根据后文“find a solution to this alarming problem”可知,他想找到解决这个令人担忧的问题的办法,因此潜心研究这个项目/课题。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:想到用漂浮屏障收集海洋中的塑料,他18岁的时候创立了自己的公司。A. Troubled使烦恼;B. Amused使发笑;使消遣;C. Frightened使惊恐;D. Struck使突然想到。根据后文“ the idea for a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the oceans”可知,通过研究,他应是想到了漂浮屏障是可以收集海洋中的塑料的这个想法。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:想到用漂浮屏障收集海洋中的塑料,他18岁的时候创立了自己的公司。A. left离开;B. founded成立;创办;C. sold售卖;D. introduced介绍。根据后文宾语为“his company”可知,应是创立了自己的公司。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管这一创意被《时代》杂志评为2015年最佳发明之一,但他还是收到了环境问题专家的负面反馈。A. inventions发明;创意B. results结果;C. wishes希望;祝福;D. barriers障碍;隔阂。根据a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the oceans,可知,这是一项发明。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管这一创意被《时代》杂志评为2015年最佳发明之一,但他还是收到了环境问题专家的负面反馈。A. positive积极的;B. valuable有价值的;C. negative消极的;D. immediate立即的;紧急的。分析可知,“Although the idea was named one of the best ____9___ of 2015 by TIME magazine”为让步状语从句,说明从句与主句之间为转折关系,前文提及了“one of the best”,因此所选形容词应体现其“反义”关系,C项“negative”意为“消极的”,符合分析和语境需要。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管这一创意被《时代》杂志评为2015年最佳发明之一,但他还是收到了环境问题专家的负面反馈。A. legal合法的;B. social社会的;C. political政治的;D. environmental环保的。根据前文“the idea for a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the oceans”可知,他的想法是想要收集海里的塑料以保护海洋,因此收到的消极反馈应是来自环保专家的。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Slat没有气馁,继续他的使命。A. discouraged气馁的;B. abandoned废弃的;C. pleased高兴的;D. surprise惊讶的。根据后文“continued with his mission”可知,他并没有因为环保专家的消极反馈而气馁,而是继续他的使命。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:经过五年半的努力,他推出了世界上第一个海洋塑料清理系统:001系统,全长约609米,从金门大桥下蜿蜒进入太平洋。A. largest最大的;B. best最好的;C. first第一个;D. fastest最快的。根据后文提及的该海洋塑料清理系统的编号为“System 001”可知,应是世界第一个。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:经过五年半的努力,他推出了世界上第一个海洋塑料清理系统:001系统,全长约609米,从金门大桥下蜿蜒进入太平洋。A. width宽度;B. length长度;C. height高度;D. depth深度。根据前文“The U-shaped pipe”可知,这是一个U型管,且后文动词“snakes”意为“蜿蜒行进”,因此“about 609meters”应是它的长度。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:每隔几个月,就会有船只收集垃圾并将其带到陆地上进行回收。A. burning燃烧;B. burying埋藏;掩埋;C. recycling回收;D. testing测试。根据后文“It’s likely that lots of the waste will ____18__ be recycled into more single-use plastics that end up back in the ____19 __ .”可知,海洋里收集的垃圾会被回收。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:据Slat说,如果一切按计划进行,到2025年,只用60个系统就可以将塑料的数量减少50%。A. increase增长;增加;B. reduce减少;C. keep保持;留在;D. limit限制。根据前文“These floating barriers will capture plastic as the ocean water flow past. Ships will collect the waste and bring it to land for ____15___ every few months.”可知,这套海上塑料收集系统是以“捕获海洋中的塑料并将其运往岸上回收”为工作原理,是在减少海洋中的垃圾,因此在Slat看来,按计划,只用 60 套系统就能够帮助在 2025 年前减少一半的海上塑料垃圾。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,仍然存在一个问题:捕获上岸的塑料垃圾最终去往何地?A. Besides此外;而且;B. Therefore因此;C. However然而;但是;D. Otherwise否则;要不然。根据后文“there remains a problem: what will happen to the plastic brought back to shore from Slats systems ”可知,出现了“从该系统带回岸上的塑料将会发生什么”的疑问,与上文之间为转折关系。选项C. However意为“然而”可体现转折关系,符合文意;选项D. Otherwise意为“否则;要不然”,体现句间的让步关系,不符合文意。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:很多捕获的塑料垃圾很可能会最终被回收做成单一用途的塑料, 而这些塑料最终会重新进入海洋。A. eventually最终;B. certainly肯定;当然;C. rapidly迅速地;很快地;立即;D. carefully小心地。 根据be recycled into more single-use plastics that end up back in the  19 , 可知,被回收来的塑料垃圾最终的结局很可能是被回收做成单一用途的塑料。最终会重新进入海洋。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:很多捕获的塑料垃圾很可能会最终被回收做成单一用途的塑料, 而这些塑料最终会重新进入海洋。A. ships轮船;B. mountains山脉;C. dustbins垃圾;D. oceans海洋。根据前文中提及的“back”可知,这些被回收成单一用途的塑料最后还是会回到海洋中成为海洋垃圾。故选D项。
40题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:这并不意味着Slat会放弃。A. give back归还;B. give in投降;让步;C. give out分发;宣布;D. give up放弃。根据后文“Big problems require big solutions,” he says. “If anyone has any better ideas, I’d love to know.”(“大问题需要大解决方案,”他说。“如果有人有更好的主意,我很想知道。”)可知,面对前文提及的问题,他并没有知难而退,没有放弃。故选D项。
【点睛】完型填空之巧妙利用词汇复现原则
有些词语常常重复出现语篇之中,而词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯,从而构成一个完整的,有机的意义整体。复现信息包括原词复现,同义词和反义词复现,同源词复现等。因此,只要注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性,结合全文语境并善于运用此原则,答案很容易判断出来。比如文章的第5题和第15题:
However, what he ____4___ saw in the ocean was an awful lot of ____5___ waste.
5. A. medical B. industrial C. plastic D. agricultural
善于运用词汇复现原则,可以发现第5题答案在后文“____7__ by the idea for a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the oceans, he __8___ his company at the age of 18.”中存在原词复现:plastic。因此本题答案为C项。
Ships will collect the waste and bring it to land for ____15___ every few months.
15. A. burning B. burying C. recycling D. testing
善于运用词汇复现原则,可以发现第15题的答案在后文“It’s likely that lots of the waste will ____18___ be recycled into more single-use plastics that end up back in the ____19__ .”中存在同源词复现:recycled。因此本题的答案为C项。