重庆市2020-2022届（三年）高三三诊英语试题分类汇编：阅读理解（含答案）
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| 名称 | 重庆市2020-2022届（三年）高三三诊英语试题分类汇编：阅读理解（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-01-04 22:10:07 | ||
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重庆市
2020-2022届（三年）高三三诊英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
重庆市2022届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How and Where to See Aurora in 2022
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has made many potential travel plans change constantly. but catching sight of the wonderful cosmic (宇宙的) display could be possible this year. Here’s our guide on how and where to see the aurora (极光) this winter.
Where is the best place to see the northern lights
Spots like Fairbanks in Alaska, Whitehorse, Yellowknife and Churchill in Canada, and Iceland and northern Norway are all safe bets. The NOAA website has additional tips on where to view the aurora with links to maps that show where the light show can be seen. The best time to see the lights differs slightly by country, but, in general, the peak season is between November and March.
Which countries are allowing tourists to enter
Arguably the biggest barrier to your chances of enjoying the aurora this winter is not atmospheric, but the COVID-19 restrictions by some of the countries where the northern lights are most visible. Please check official sources and the resources below for the latest restrictions.
·Iceland: Lonely Planet’s webpage.
·Norway: Norway’s government website.
·Alaska: CDC’s international travel guidelines.
·Canada: Lonely Planet’s webpage.
How to see the southern lights
The southern lights are the same phenomenon on the other side of the Earth. With less land in the south, the southern lights are perhaps less talked about as they mostly occur over water, but they can be seen over parts of New Zealand, and Australia and Tasmania. In contrast to the northern lights, the southern lights are usually most obvious from March to September.
1. Which month is better for enjoying the northern lights
A. January. B. April. C. July. D. October.
2. Which of the following doesn’t offer the latest travel restrictions
A The NOAA website. B. Lonely Planet’s webpage.
C. Norway’s government website. D. CDC’s international travel guidelines.
3. What is special about the southern lights
A. They last all through the year. B. They rarely appear over the land.
C. They are popular among travelers. D. They are different from the northern lights.
B
Ten years ago, Kwane Stewart stepped outside a convenience store at Modesto with his morning coffee and spotted a homeless man sitting with his back against the building. A small dog sat in the homeless man’s lap with signs of an allergic reaction to fleas (跳蚤). Stewart approached the man and offered to take the dog away for treatment. A week later, when the dog was returned to the man, he started to cry, saying that his dog could finally sleep at night again because it would no longer stay up scratching and chewing. “There is something you get in return that feels much larger” said Stewart. Today, Stewart. 50, has his own practice in town, yet he still finds time for street pets. He’s helped roughly 400 animals since 2011, mostly dogs but also a few cats. There’s a dire need for his kind help. About 25 percent of Modesto’s homeless population owns a pet but there are few healthcare options available to them. To deal with the problem. Stewart can often be found wandering anywhere he thinks the homeless might be camped out. He carries his medical bag which contains treatments for most of the cases he meets and pays for almost all of it out of his own pocket.
Occasionally, he comes upon a medical problem that requires more attention than he can provide on the street. For those expensive procedures, he set up a charity account, GoFundMe, to help cover treatment costs. “I don’t ever want to have to turn anybody away,” he explains.
Some people question whether the homeless should even have pets. “I think that more than anybody, they need a pet,” said Stewart. “They love their pet probably more than the average person.”
Joe, one of those people, said, “To have somebody like Dr. Stewart come out here to take care of my dog just because it’s the right thing to do, that’s huge.”
4. Why did the man cry
A. Because the dog was cured. B. Because the dog was found.
C. Because the dog started to eat. D. Because the dog stopped barking at night.
5. What does the underlined word “dire” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Basic. B. Global. C. Commercial. D. Urgent.
6. What do we know about Stewart’s treatment of dogs
A. He charged the owners a lot. B. He sometimes asked for help.
C. He didn’t treat dogs on the street. D. He sent the cured dogs to animal shelters.
7. What kind of person is Stewart
A. Smart. B. Hardworking. C. Kind-hearted. D. Gentle.
C
Two years ago, Bob and Jane knew nothing about beekeeping. But they read books, blogs and research articles. They joined online and community beekeeping groups and watched YouTube videos. Eventually, they formed their own beekeeping groups to help others and now they’re expert beekeepers.
Should we be surprised that Bob and Jane aren’t in their 20s or 30s, but rather in their late 50s We shouldn’t. Bob and Jane’s experience mirrors that of others. Late to the Ball, for example, by Gerald Marzorati, describes how he learned to play tennis in his 50s. Old in Art School, by Nell Painter, describes how she received a bachelor’s and master’s in painting after retiring from Princeton as a history professor. Ernestine Shepherd is, as far as anyone knows, the world’s oldest bodybuilder-but she didn’t even start to exercise until her 50s.
These experiences should be celebrated. The ability to live independently requires regular “upgrades” because of changes in our environment, especially due to technological advances. Cellphone providers are disconnecting 3G networks, and health care providers are moving toward online-only access to patients’ medical records. This means learning how to use a smartphone, or new online portals. And if people avoid learning these skills themselves, it develops functional dependence-asking others to do stuff for them.
To help learn new things, adults can borrow lessons from childhood. When they learn multiple skills at the same time, they get encouragement from teachers and caregivers. And when infants and children are exposed to environments with low expectations and resources, someone will fix the situation quickly. In contrast, adults-especially older adults-almost always find that they face a discouraging learning environment with low expectations and resources, and efforts to fix these issues are minimal (极小的). Learning new things brought older adults out of their comfort zones, and made them feel fearless about new challenges. At the beginning, many older adults thought they could barely walk a mental mile, but they completed a triathlon (铁人三项).
8. What do people mentioned in paragraph 2 have in common
A. They are in their late 50s. B. They plan to learn beekeeping.
C. They are proud of their achievements. D. They learn something new in their old age.
9. What should older adults do to live independently
A. Learn new skills themselves. B. Carry their smartphones all the time.
C. Check their medical records regularly. D. Pay attention to environmental changes.
10. What can adults borrow from children’s learning experience
A. Learning multiple skills at the same time. B. Encouraging themselves as much as possible.
C. Creating a supporting learning environment. D. Lowering expectations from the environment.
11. What is the passage mainly about
A. Bob and Jane’s beekeeping experience. B. Older adults’ learning new skills.
C. Children’s lessons for learning new things. D. Older adults’ developing new interests.
D
Friends and family often challenge me with the question, “ Why can’t you doctors agree on something and stick to it without constantly changing your minds about what benefits or harms us ”
Their complaint partially has a good reason. The reality is that our knowledge of medicine is constantly changing; facts we learn today replace concepts we thought were true yesterday, which will probably change tomorrow. When I was in medical school many years ago, one professor lectured, “ Half of what we teach you will be wrong; the problem is we don’t know which half. ”
But I’m reminded of Winston Churchill’ wise advice: “ I’d rather be right than consistent, ” a recommendation every competent health care worker follows.
I recently wrote that acetaminophen (对乙酰氨基酚), the most widely used pain medicine worldwide, was considered to be safer than many drugs but that regular use could cause damage. In a carefully controlled investigation, 110 individuals were randomly given one gram of acetaminophen four times daily or a placebo (安慰剂) for two weeks followed by a two-week washout period and then receive the alternate treatment. Acetaminophen compared with a placebo increased heart blood pressure by about 4.7mmHg. The observation is important because the results raise questions about the safety of regular acetaminophen use since even small change in blood pressure increase cardiovascular (心血管) risk.
Another recent study concluded that cardiovascular death rates are higher in rural communities, compared with urban areas, due to reduced access to health care and a greater burden of traditional and socioeconomic risk factors. An advice for readers living in rural communities is that if you become seriously ill, consider seeking care at a major urban medical center where the latest in medical advances are more likely to be found. They will certainly know which half of medical knowledge is the correct half.
12 Why does the author mention the professor’s words in paragraph 2
A. To show doctors are not trustworthy.
B. To prove medical school is difficult to attend.
C. To show people’s complaint is completely reasonable.
D. To prove the knowledge of medicine is always changing.
13. What do the results of the experiment in paragraph 4 show
A. The placebo affects heart blood pressure.
B. Regular acetaminophen use can be dangerous.
C. Acetaminophen is a widely used pain medicine.
D. Acetaminophen is safer than many other pain drugs.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. People living in cities are healthier.
B. Rural areas have no access to health care.
C. Patients shall seek help from the nearest hospitals.
D. Urban doctors may have the latest medical knowledge.
15. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Winston Churchill: A Wise Advisor B. Acetaminophen: A Safe Pain Medicine
C. Science of Medicine: A Changing Area D. Cardiovascular Death Rate: A Great Burden
重庆市2021届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文,从每期所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Enjoy one or more of our exciting one-day tours. Experience live theatre, learn about the rural life in the past, or pop music in the 1960s...whatever your interests, we have a tour for you!
The Dancing Horses Dinner Theatre 2021 （Wednesday, May 26, 2021）
From Only $89.00. The Dancing Horses Theatre is in Delavan, Wisconsin. It is a live entertainment venue （举办地） in a beautiful, climate controlled indoor area. From the moment the show opens until the end, all ages will sit spell-bound at this, applauding our amazing performers and their talented trainers.
Church Basement Ladies Circa 21
From Only $113.00. Church Basement Ladies are back at it! With crazy funny behaviour, loads of laughs and new original songs, YOU SMELL BARN celebrates rural life in the 1950’s. 2 departures on 6/28/2021 and 7/5/2021.
Beehive Circa 21 （Friday, August 27, 2021）
From Only $110.00. A fun, seemingly attractive flashback to the wonderful females who unmistakably left their mark on 1960s pop music. Matching big voices with big hairdos, Beehive features non-stop hits from the 50s and 60s. BEEHIVE will have you dancing in your seats and wanting more!
Lincoln Victorian Christmas at JHM
From Only $103.00. Mr. & Mrs. Lincoln will tell you what Christmas was like during the time of the American Civil War. They will talk about how some of the customs we observe today came to be, such as the origin of the Christmas Tree, Santa Claus, party environments and the best Christmas present Abraham Lincoln ever received! Come prepared to join in on some classic Christmas carols. 2 departures on 11/18/2021 and 12/1/2021.
1. When can you go to enjoy a horse performance
A. May. B. June.
C. July. D. August.
2. Where can you go if you are interested in the popular old songs
A. The Dancing Horses Dinner Theatre 2021.
B. Church Basement Ladies Circa 21.
C. Beehive Circa 21.
D. Lincoln Victorian Christmas at JHM.
3. What will Mr. & Mrs. Lincoln talk about at JHM
A. The hard life during American Civil War.
B. The preparation for some classic Christmas carols.
C. The best Christmas present given by Abraham Lincoln.
D. The origin of some Christmas customs we observe now.
B
Elizabeth Anionwu, who has received four honorary degrees for her excellent work in nursing, has devoted her life to improving the lives of thousands in the black community who are suffering with sickle cell disease.
Born to an Irish woman and a Nigerian man, her own upbringing was tarnished by racial discrimination and cruelty. Soon after her birth in 1947, she was sent away to a children’s home run by nuns (修女) who were, at times, very unkind indeed. Once, she was made to stand with a dirty wet sheet over her head as a punishment for wetting the bed.
But a caring nursing nun she met at the age of four inspired her career in nursing. “I had painful eczema (湿疹), which the nuns would treat with a special medicine and cover with bandages,” she explains. “Other nuns would tear them off in a hurry and my skin would break and bleed. But one nice nun treated me very gently and I never felt a thing. Later on, I discovered she was a nurse and I decided that’s what I wanted to be.” At 16 she became a school nurse assistant, which was the start of a 50-year career as a nurse and professor.
In the early 70s, Anionwu had her first encounter with sickle cell anaemia-a painful disease found mostly in African and Caribbean families-which at the time was often overlooked. Families had no information about how to cope with their illness or the symptoms to look out for, so Anionwu took action, raising awareness of the disease and setting up the Sickle Cell Society. It’s then that she became the first sickle cell and thalassemia (地中海贫血症) specialist in Britain.
Elizabeth Anionwu has spent her life as a nurse and tutor, working with black and minority communities in London. In 2019, she was presented with the Pride Of Britain’s Lifetime Achievement Award for her great services to nursing.
4. What does the underlined word “tarnished” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Inspired. B. Troubled.
C. Moved. D. Discouraged.
5. What can we infer from paragraph 4
A. People knew a lot about anaemia.
B. People with anaemia didn't suffer much.
C. Anionwu noticed anaemia before the 1970s.
D Anionwu was actively involved in fighting anaemia.
6. Which of the following best describes Elizabeth Anionwu
A. Independent. B. Respectable.
C. Ambitious. D. Trustworthy.
7. Where is the text probably from
A. A guidebook. B. An autobiography.
C. A news report. D. A book review.
C
The world’s first telephone call — “Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you” — was a request for a face-to-face meeting. In Brantford, the “Telephone City”, there’s a giant memorial to Alexander Graham Bell that includes a bronze casting with figures meant to represent Knowledge, Joy and Sorrow — the information spread by the telephone.
Today maybe we should have a bit of sorrow for the weakening of the personal connections developed by Bell’s great invention. We own more “phones” than ever, but we don’t use them primarily for voice calls. In 2010 Americans spent 2.24 trillion minutes talking on their mobile devices — which averages out to 7, 813 minutes per mobile line. By 2017 that had dropped to just 5, 539 minutes per line. That’s still 18 minutes per person per day, but it’s a small part of the five hours a day we spend doing other things on our phones: watching videos, browsing Twitter and Facebook, sending text messages, — and all the rest.
So what leads to the fall-off in voice communication One is digital data. We consumed 28.6 trillion megabytes of data on our phones in 2018, a dramatic 82 percent increase over 2017 levels. The other is robocalls (机器人电话) . YouMail, which makes a robocall-blocking app, says that 4.7 billion calls were placed to U.S. phone numbers in July 2019 alone. My own phone shows that I got 36 robocalls that month — so many that I’ve ignored all strange calls.
Then, what’s lost when texts and posts replace conversation Briefly put, it is Joy and Sorrow: the emotional content conveyed by the human voice. Without this real-time engagement, we’re left only with Knowledge, which, as the past few years have shown, is so easily misrepresented. Our telephones may have evolved into machines for 24/7 tweeting and texting, but we’re more alone than ever.
8. Why does the author mention Alexander Graham Bell in paragraph 1
A. To attract the readers to the topic.
B. To introduce the city of Brantford.
C. To emphasize the contribution of Bell.
D. To show the importance of the first call.
9. What is the reason for the fall of telephone communication
A. The application of YouMail.
B. The ignorance of all the calls.
C. The breakdown of the telephone system.
D. The increasing consumption of digital data.
10. How does the author mainly support the theme of the passage
A. By giving examples. B. By quoting others’ words.
C. By providing statistical data. D. By providing research results.
11. Which of the following can serve as the best title
A. The Evolution of Telephones
B. The Emotion Conveyed by Telephones
C. The Fall-off of Talking on the Phone
D. The Weakening of Personal Communication
D
Would you rather watch a new movie or an old favorite Would you rather try a dish, you have never had at a restaurant, or stick with something you know you will like Researchers studying the “mere-exposure effect”(曝光效应) have found that we often prefer the familiar over the novel.
In 1968, social psychologist Robert Zajonc published a landmark paper on the mere-exposure effect. His hypothesis (假说) was that simply being exposed to an object on a repeated basis was enough to make people like that thing. To test this, Zajonc had participants read words in a foreign language out loud. He varied how often they read each word (up to 25 repetitions). Next, participants were asked to decide how positive or negative the meaning of each word was. Zajonc found that participants liked the words that they had said more often, and the words that had been read 25 times were rated the highest.
In the decades since Zajonc published his paper on the mere-exposure effect, researchers have also suggested several theories to explain why the effect happens. One of the leading theories is that mere exposure makes us feel less uncertain. According to this idea, we tend to be cautious around new things, since they could be dangerous to us. However, when we see the same thing over and over and nothing bad happens, we start to realize that there is nothing to be afraid of. Additionally, mere exposure increases what psychologists call “perceptual fluency” (知觉流畅性). It is based on the idea that, when we have seen something before, it is easier for us to understand and interpret it, which puts us in a positive mood.
While psychologists are still debating what causes the mere-exposure effect, it seems that having been previously exposed to something can change how we feel about it. And it may explain why, at least sometimes, we tend to prefer things that are already familiar to us.
12. What were the participants asked to do during the test
A. Read each word for 25 times. B. Rate how much they like a word.
C. Write in a foreign language. D. Decide the meaning of each word.
13. Which of the following would Robert Zajonic most probably agree with
A A person will choose a new movie instead of an old one.
B. A person will try an old favorite rather than choose a new dish.
C. A person will like a variety of things that they see for the first time.
D. A person will be cautious about the advertisement repeated many times.
14. Which of the following may explain the mere-exposure effect
A. We will rely more on something familiar.
B. We will feel curious about something new.
C. We will be careful about something dangerous.
D. We will find it quite easy to be in a positive mood.
15. What is the authors purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce a psychological phenomenon.
B. To advise you to try something new bravely.
C. To analyze the reason for mere-exposure effect.
D. To stress the importance of mere-exposure effect.
重庆市2020届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Art, Culture & Performances in Arizona
Art on the Wild Side
Three of Arizona’s favorite painters will exhibit their latest works inspired by the natural world in their unique styles. Through this exhibit, guests can engage in the Zoo’s mission to care for the natural world.
Date: February 1-April 31, 2020
Location: 455 N Galvin Pkwy, Phoenix, AZ 85008
Price: $90
Always... Patsy Cline
Always... Patsy Cline is a musical play, complete with country humor, true emotion, and even some audience participation, includes many of Patsy’s unforgettable hits such as “Crazy” “I Fall to Pieces”, “Sweet Dreams”, and “Walking After Midnight”... 27 songs in all!
Date: June 14-21, 2020
Location: Hale Theater, 50 West Page Avenue, Gilbert, AZ 85233
Price: $65
The Two Gentlemen of Verona
Best friends Valentine and Proteus choose different paths in life only to run into each other again when they both fall in love with the same woman. The Two Gentlemen of Verona is one of Shakespeare's earliest plays, his first comedy and also one of the most rarely performed plays in the canon.
Date: July 18-25, 2020
Location: Scottsdale Desert Stages Theatre, 7014 E Camelback Rd, Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Price: $28
Mandy Moore
Mandy Moore is giving a concert in our city! She is touring to support her upcoming album. Mandy's seventh studio work Silver Landings set to be released on September 6.
Date: September 27-October 3, 2020
Location: 111 N 3rd St Phoenix, AZ 85004
Price: $42
1. When can you go to an exhibition of paintings
A. In March. B. In June. C. In July. D. In September.
2. Where can you go if you are interested in Shakespeare’s plays
A. Art on the Wild Side. B. Always... Patsy Cline.
C. The Two Gentlemen of Verona. D. Mandy Moore.
3. How much will you pay if you want to enjoy a concert
A. $28. B. $42. C. $65. D. $90.
B
Last night one of our 3 family dogs was hit and killed by a car in front of my mother’s house. The dogs became more or less, my mother’s children after her human children grew up and moved out and my father ran with a midlife crisis and left her. The one that was killed had bonded with my mom far more than the others. She is shocked and upset. I loved the dog, but my true sadness currently results from having to watch my mother experience another tragedy after everything she has been through in her life.
In the midst of all of this I have to sincerely applaud the driver of the vehicle, which feels wrong, but it's not.
I’ll start by stating it was not his fault. The dog chased(追赶) a deer into the road at night. In an effort to not hit the deer with his car he changed direction suddenly, not seeing the dog, leading to her deaths. He could have very easily continued on his way, but he did something that I hope I never forget. He did the right thing (in my eyes). The driver pulled over, carefully wrapped our dog in a blanket he got from his car, and carried her up to my mother's front door.
He was visibly shaking and very upset. He informed my mother of what happened and she broke down immediately. He consoled her the best a stranger could and waited with her while my sister rushed to her house. He left his information and offered assistance in anyway he could.
Yes, he is the man who hit and killed our dog-accidentally. What he really did was sparing my mother from discovering unexpectedly a horrible scene herself while searching for the dog. He had so many choices. Choices that were far easier than what he chose. He did the right thing and for that, thank you, stranger. You recovered my faith in humanity.
4. What can we learn about the author's mother
A. She has suffered a lot in her life. B. She has grown up with her dogs.
C. She misses her husband very much. D. She has three dogs killed in an accident.
5. What's the author s attitude towards the dog-killer
A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Praising.
6. What does the underlined word “consoled” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Encouraged. B. Followed. C. Comforted. D. Helped.
7. What is the best tide for the text
A. An Unfortunate Accident B. Sadness over a Dog’s Death
C. An Easy-to-Make Choice D. Faith in Humanity Recovered
C
The year 2019 was a year of teen power. Young people spoke up about big problems and adults began to listen. Greta Thunberg, the seventeen-year-old Swedish schoolgirl, was perhaps the most powerful example last year of this teen power. At the U.N. Climate Action Summit in September 2019, she told world leaders, “You are failing us young people” by not taking enough action against climate change. Greta gained worldwide attention for her impassioned (激昂的) speech and was named Time magazine's 2019 Person of the Year.
In the United States, teen groups have formed organizations to pressure politicians into changing gun laws to stop school shootings. “The adults know that we’re cleaning up their mess,” says Cameron Kasky, an 11th-grader who started the NeverAgain movement after surviving the deadliest high school shooting in American history in 2018. “It’s like they’re saying, ‘I’m sorry I made this mess’, while continuing to spill soda on the floor,” adds another survivor Emma González.
These problems are not new and politicians have been dealing with them for years. However, as with the most big problems, there are no easy solutions, and each solution may create more problems. Fighting climate change by reducing fossil fuels (化石燃料)-no more cars, airplanes or big industries-can have a negative effect on people’s lives and even increase poverty. And prisons would fill up quickly if we locked up every person who was considered to be a potential criminal.
Teen power is a good thing. However, it will take more than youthful passion to solve the world’s problems. If you are also ambitious to make the world a better place, it is important that you speak up when necessary. But just as important is the need to grow in our learning-to study and to always remain humble（谦卑的）. Apart from enthusiasm for bringing about change, you still need the maturity, wisdom, knowledge and skills to make good decisions.
8. Why does the author mention Greta Thunberg in paragraph 1
A. To show the success of teen power.
B. To inform readers of 2019 Person of the Year.
C. To introduce the U. N. Climate Action Summit.
D. To encourage readers to speak up about big problems.
9. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 2 mean
A. The adults like soda very much.
B. The adults fail to clean up their mess.
C. The politicians haven't stopped making a mess.
D. The politicians have been working on the shooting.
10. What is the author opinion about reducing fossil fuels
A. It makes no difference to people's life.
B. It will bring about other new problems.
C. It will make the prisons fill up quickly.
D. It is effective in fighting climate change.
11. What does the author want to stress in paragraph 4
A Teen power is a good thing to change the world.
B. Passion is important in solving the world's problems.
C. We should speak up to make the world a better place.
D. We need to study to be mature and wise to decide well.
D
For the past 3000 years, when people thought of money, they thought of cash. From buying food to paying bills, day-to-day dealings involved paper or metal money. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off—tapping your credit card on a machine or having the QR Code (二维码) on your smart phone scanned has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich countries. That will make the economy more efficient, but it also brings new problems.
Countries are getting rid of cash at different speeds. In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions (交易) per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway. Britain is probably four or six years behind it. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. However, in China, digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.
Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand—younger consumers want to enjoy their digital lives with payment systems. But equally important, suppliers such as banks and tech firms are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees.
In general, the future of a cashless economy is excellent news. When cash payments disappear, people and shops are less likely to be stolen. Besides, digitalisation greatly expands the playground of small businesses by enabling them to sell beyond their borders. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow. Yet it is not without problems. Electronic payment systems may suffer technical failures, power blackouts and cyber-attacks. What’s more, in a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind.
12. What do we know about digital payments in paragraph 1
A. They've been used in daily dealings for 3000 years.
B. They have become popular in the past ten years.
C. They can only be made on the smart phones.
D. They are leading to cash's dying out worldwide.
13. Which country is the slowest in getting rid of cash
A. America. B. Britain. C. Sweden D. Norway.
14. Which of the following would the author most probably agree with
A Cash payments are less likely to disappear.
B. Digitalisation enables small businesses to sell nationally.
C. Customers can have their credit history built through digital payments.
D. Digital payments may benefit the poor, the elderly and country folks.
15. What is the text mainly about
A. The future of a cashless society. B. The rising of digital payments.
C. The reasons for cash being endangered. D. The development of payment technologies.
答案：
重庆市2022届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2022年看极光的最佳地方和方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The best time to see the lights differs slightly by country, but, in general, the peak season is between November and March.(观看灯光的最佳时间因国家而异，但一般来说，旺季在11月至3月之间。)”可知January（1月）是在观赏北极光最佳的时间段内。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Please check official sources and the resources below for the latest restrictions.”(请查看官方来源和以下资源以了解最新限制。)”结合本句下文涉及国家或地区，可知The NOAA website没有提供最新的旅游限制。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“With less land in the south, the southern lights are perhaps less talked about as they mostly occur over water, but they can be seen over parts of New Zealand, and Australia and Tasmania.”(由于南方土地较少，人们对南极光的谈论可能较少，因为南极光主要出现在水面上，但在新西兰、澳大利亚和塔斯马尼亚州的部分地区可以看到南极光。) 可知南极光很少出现在陆地上。故选B项。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文，是一篇关于一名兽医多年以来坚持救助流浪汉宠物的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Stewart approached the man and offered to take the dog away for treatment. A week later, when the dog was returned to the man, he started to cry, saying that his dog could finally sleep at night again because it would no longer stay up scratching and chewing.(斯图尔特走近这名男子，提出带狗去治疗。一周后，当这只狗被送回到这名男子身边时，他哭了起来，说他的狗终于可以在晚上睡觉了，因为它不再熬夜抓挠和咀嚼了。)”可知，男人因为狗被治愈了而哭，故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据原文第一段“About 25 percent of Modesto’s homeless population owns a pet but there are few healthcare options available to them.(莫德斯托大约25%的无家可归者拥有一只宠物，但他们几乎没有医疗保健选择。)”可知，市内25%的流浪汉都有宠物，但医疗资源特别少，因此，Stewart对宠物的救助被“急需”，划线词dire的意思是“紧急的”，和urgent意思相近，故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Occasionally, he comes upon a medical problem that requires more attention than he can provide on the street. For those expensive procedures, he set up a charity account, GoFundMe, to help cover treatment costs.(偶尔，他会遇到一个需要更多关注的医疗问题，而不是他在街上所能被提供的。对于那些昂贵的手术，他设立了一个名为GoFundMe的慈善账户，以帮助支付治疗费用。)”可知，他有时寻求帮助，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“He’s helped roughly 400 animals since 2011, mostly dogs but also a few cats. There’s a dire need for his kind help.(自2011年以来，他已经帮助了大约400只动物，大部分是狗，也有一些猫。现在急需他的帮助。)”可知，Stewart多年以来一直坚持无偿救助流浪汉的宠物，因此他是一个热心的人，故选C。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章以一对上了年纪的夫妻学习养蜂并成为专家的故事引入话题，举了几个成功的例子，说明上年纪的人学习新技能的必要性，以及如何从童年学习中获取经验以有助于他们新技能的习得。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Bob and Jane’s experience mirrors that of others. Late to the Ball, for example, by Gerald Marzorati, describes how he learned to play tennis in his 50s. Old in Art School, by Nell Painter, describes how she received a bachelor’s and master’s in painting after retiring from Princeton as a history professor. Ernestine Shepherd is, as far as anyone knows, the world’s oldest bodybuilder-but she didn’t even start to exercise until her 50s. (鲍勃和简的经历反映了其他人的经历。例如，杰拉尔德·马佐拉蒂的Late to the Ball描述了他在50多岁时如何学会打网球。内尔·佩因特的Old in Art School描述了她从普林斯顿大学历史教授退休后如何获得绘画学士学位和硕士学位。据大家所知，欧内斯汀·谢泼德是世界上最老的健美运动员，但她直到50多岁才开始锻炼)”可知，Bob 和Jane, Gerald Marzorati, Nell Painter和Ernestine Shepherd的相同之处都是在他们上了年纪的时候学习了新知识。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The ability to live independently requires regular “upgrades” because of changes in our environment, especially due to technological advances. (独立生活的能力需要定期‘升级’，因为我们的环境发生了变化，特别是由于技术的进步)”可知，独立生存需要经常获取新知识或新技能。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“To help learn new things, adults can borrow lessons from childhood. When they learn multiple skills at the same time, they get encouragement from teachers and caregivers. And when infants and children are exposed to environments with low expectations and resources, someone will fix the situation quickly.(为了帮助学习新事物，成年人可以从童年学习。当他们同时学习多种技能时，他们会从老师和照顾者那里得到鼓励。当婴儿和儿童接触到低期望和低资源的环境时，有人会迅速解决这个问题)”和“In contrast, adults-especially older adults-almost always find that they face a discouraging learning environment with low expectations and resources, and efforts to fix these issues are minimal (极小的) (相比之下，成年人——尤其是老年人——几乎总是发现他们面对一个令人沮丧的学习环境，期望和资源都很低，而解决这些问题的努力很少)”可知，儿童有良好的学习环境，能获得他人的支持和鼓励，即使环境不好，也能迅速解决这个问题；而成人总是处于令人沮丧的学习环境，期望和资源都很低。由此可知，成年人尤其是老人要从儿童的学习经历中借鉴的是，创造一个有利于学习的环境。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章以一对上了年纪的夫妻学习养蜂并成为专家的故事引入话题，举了几个成功的例子，说明上年纪的人学习新技能的必要性，以及如何从童年学习中获取经验以有助于他们新技能的习得。即整篇文章都是以上了年纪的人学习新技能为中心展开。故选B。
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医学知识持续更新变化。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The reality is that our knowledge of medicine is constantly changing; facts we learn today replace concepts we thought were true yesterday, which will probably change tomorrow.(现实是，我们的医学知识在不断变化；我们今天学到的事实取代了我们昨天认为是正确的概念，这些概念明天可能会改变。)”可知，作者提到教授的话是为了证明，医学知识确实一直在变化。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The observation is important because the results raise questions about the safety of regular acetaminophen use since even small change in blood pressure increase cardiovascular (心血管) risk.(这项观察结果很重要，因为这一结果提出了关于常规使用对乙酰氨基酚安全性的问题，因为即使是血压的微小变化也会增加心血管风险。)”可知，常规使用对乙酰氨基酚会造成血压变化，而这会增加心血管风险，也就是会有危险性。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“An advice for readers living in rural communities is that if you become seriously ill, consider seeking care at a major urban medical center where the latest in medical advances are more likely to be found. They will certainly know which half of medical knowledge is the correct half.(给生活在农村地区的读者的建议是，如果你得了重病，考虑到大城市的医疗中心寻求治疗，那里更有可能发现最新的医学进展。他们肯定会知道哪一半的医学知识是正确的。)”可推断，作者认为在城市中的大型医疗机构能获得最新的医疗进展，医生可能会更了解最新的医学知识。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The reality is that our knowledge of medicine is constantly changing; facts we learned today replace concepts we thought were true yesterday. and which will probably change tomorrow.(现实是，我们的医学知识在不断变化；我们今天学到的事实取代了我们昨天认为是正确的概念，这些概念明天可能会改变。) ”及全文可知，文章主要介绍的就是医学知识在不断变化。所以“Science of Medicine: A Changing Area(医学科学：一个变化的领域)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
重庆市2021届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一日游的娱乐项目的时间、费用和内容等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Dancing Horses Dinner Theatre 2021”(舞马晚宴剧院2021年)部分“Wednesday, May 26, 2021”(2021年5月26日，星期三)可知，在五月可以享受舞马表演。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Beehive Circa 21”部分第二句“A fun, seemingly attractive flashback to the wonderful females who unmistakably left their mark on 1960s pop music. ”(这是一段有趣的、看似迷人的回忆，让我们回想起那些在20世纪60年代的流行音乐中留下了印记的美妙女性。)可知，如果你对流行的老歌感兴趣，你可以去Beehive Circa 21。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题根据“Lincoln Victorian Christmas at JHM”部分第三句“They will talk about how some of the customs we observe today came to be, such as the origin of the Christmas Tree, Santa Claus, party environments and the best Christmas present Abraham Lincoln ever received!”(他们会谈论我们今天所遵守的一些习俗是如何形成的，比如圣诞树的起源、圣诞老人、派对环境和亚伯拉罕·林肯收到的最好的圣诞礼物！)可知，林肯夫妇在JHM会谈论我们现在看到的一些圣诞节习俗的起源。故选D。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Elizabeth Anionwu在护理方面的出色工作和成就。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句中的“by racial discrimination and cruelty(种族歧视和残忍)”和第三句“Once, she was made to stand with a dirty wet sheet over her head as a punishment for wetting the bed. (有一次，因为尿床，她被罚站着，头上盖着肮脏的湿床单)”可知，此处是指她被种族歧视和残忍折磨。所以tarnished意为“折磨”。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句中的“Anionwu took action, raising awareness of the disease and setting up the Sickle Cell Society(Anionwu采取了行动，提高了对这种疾病的认识，并成立了镰状细胞协会)”可知，Anionwu积极参与对抗贫血。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Elizabeth Anionwu has spent her life as a nurse and tutor, working with black and minority communities in London. In 2019, she was presented with the Pride Of Britain’s Lifetime Achievement Award for her great services to nursing. (Elizabeth Anionwu一生从事护士和家教工作，在伦敦的黑人和少数族裔社区工作。2019年，她被授予英国终身成就奖，以表彰她在护理领域的杰出贡献)”可知，Elizabeth Anionwu是一个可敬的人。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Elizabeth Anionwu, who has received four honorary degrees for her excellent work in nursing, has devoted her life to improving the lives of thousands in the black community who are suffering with sickle cell disease. (Elizabeth Anionwu因在护理方面的出色工作而获得了四个荣誉学位，她毕生致力于改善黑人社区里成千上万患有镰状细胞病的人的生活)”可知，文章主要是介绍Elizabeth Anionwu在护理方面的出色工作和成就，所以这来自一篇新闻报道。故选C。
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了电话通讯的衰落并分析了其中的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“In Brantford, the “Telephone City”, there’s a giant memorial to Alexander Graham Bell that includes a bronze casting with figures meant to represent Knowledge, Joy and Sorrow — the information spread by the telephone.”(在“电话城”布兰福德，有一座巨大的亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔纪念碑，青铜铸成了三个人物，分别代表知识、快乐和悲伤——通过电话传递信息。)和第二段前两句“Today maybe we should have a bit of sorrow for the weakening of the personal connections developed by Bell’s great invention. We own more “phones” than ever, but we don’t use them primarily for voice calls.”(今天，也许我们应该为贝尔的伟大发明所带来的人际关系的削弱而感到悲哀。我们拥有的“电话”比以往任何时候都多，但我们主要不是用它们来进行语音通话。)可知，作者在第1段提到了亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔，以吸引读者关注主题。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句和第三句“One is digital data. We consumed 28.6 trillion megabytes of data on our phones in 2018, a dramatic 82 percent increase over 2017 levels.”(一是数字数据。2018年，我们的手机消耗了28.6万亿兆字节的数据，比2017年的水平增长了82%。)可知，数字数据消耗的增加导致了电话通讯的衰落。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第三句到第五句“In 2010 Americans spent 2.24 trillion minutes talking on their mobile devices — which averages out to 7, 813 minutes per mobile line. By 2017 that had dropped to just 5, 539 minutes per line. That’s still 18 minutes per person per day, but it’s a small part of the five hours a day we spend doing other things on our phones: watching videos, browsing Twitter and Facebook, sending text messages, — and all the rest.”(2010年，美国人用移动设备通话的时间为2.24万亿分钟，平均每条移动线路通话时间为7813分钟。到2017年，这一数字降至5539分钟。这仍然是每人每天18分钟，但这只是我们每天用手机做其他事情的5小时中的一小部分：看视频，浏览Twitter和Facebook，发短信，以及其他所有的事情。)，第三段第三句“We consumed 28.6 trillion megabytes of data on our phones in 2018, a dramatic 82 percent increase over 2017 levels.”(2018年，我们的手机消耗了28.6万亿兆字节的数据，比2017年的水平增长了82%。)，第三段第五句第六句“YouMail, which makes a robocall-blocking app, says that 4.7 billion calls were placed to U.S. phone numbers in July 2019 alone. My own phone shows that I got 36 robocalls that month — so many that I’ve ignored all strange calls.”(制作自动呼叫拦截应用程序的YouMail称，仅2019年7月，就有47亿通电话打到美国电话号码。我自己的手机显示，那个月我接到了36个自动应答电话——太多了，以至于我忽略了所有奇怪的电话。)可知，作者通过提供统计数据来支持文章的主题。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段前两句“Today maybe we should have a bit of sorrow for the weakening of the personal connections developed by Bell’s great invention. We own more “phones” than ever, but we don’t use them primarily for voice calls.”(今天，也许我们应该为贝尔的伟大发明所带来的人际关系的削弱而感到悲哀。我们拥有的“电话”比以往任何时候都多，但我们主要不是用它们来进行语音通话。)和第三段第一句“So what leads to the fall-off in voice communication ”(那么是什么导致了语音通信的衰落呢？)可知，文章主要是讲语音通信的衰落。故选C。
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种心理效应——“单纯接触效应”。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“Next, participants were asked to decide how positive or negative the meaning of each word was.(接下来，参与者被要求决定每个单词的积极或消极含义)”和第五句“Zajonc found that participants liked the words that they had said more often, and the words that had been read 25 times were rated the highest.(Zajonc发现，参与者喜欢那些他们说得更多的词，而那些被读了25次的词得分最高)”可知，在测试期间参与者被要求评价他们对一个词的喜爱程度。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“His hypothesis (假说) was that simply being exposed to an object on a repeated basis was enough to make people like that thing. (他的假设是，仅仅是重复地接触一个物体就足以让人们喜欢那个东西)”和第三段最后一句“And it may explain why, at least sometimes, we tend to prefer things that are already familiar to us. (它可以解释为什么，至少有时候，我们倾向于喜欢我们已经熟悉的东西)”可知，Robert Zajonic最有可能认同一个人会尝试以前的喜好而不是一个新的事物。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“One of the leading theories is that mere exposure makes us feel less uncertain. (最主要的理论之一是，仅仅是接触就能让我们感觉不那么不确定)”及第四句“However, when we see the same thing over and over and nothing bad happens, we start to realize that there is nothing to be afraid of. (然而，当我们一次又一次地看到同样的事情，却没有什么不好的事情发生时，我们开始意识到没什么好害怕的)”和最后一句“It is based on the idea that, when we have seen something before, it is easier for us to understand and interpret it, which puts us in a positive mood.(它基于这样一种观点：当我们之前看到过某个东西时，我们更容易理解和解释它，这使我们处于积极的情绪中)”可知，我们将更多地依赖于熟悉的东西，这可以解释“单纯接触效应 ”。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Researchers studying the “mere-exposure effect”(曝光效应) have found that we often prefer the familiar over the novel. (研究“单纯接触效应”的研究人员发现，与新事物相比，我们通常更喜欢熟悉的东西)”可知，文章主要是为了介绍一种心理现象。故选A。
重庆市2020届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为应用文，是一则有关艺术表演的广告，涉及到画展 音乐剧 戏剧和音乐会等多种艺术形式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。第一则广告中，Art on the Wild Side是关于亚利桑那州著名画家的展览，根据其描述“Date: February 1-April 31, 2020”其表演时间从2月初开始，到4月底结束，可以在3月观看该画展，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的描述“The Two Gentlemen of Verona is one of Shakespeare's earliest plays”可知，The Two Gentlemen of Verona是一场莎士比亚的戏剧，对莎士比亚感兴趣的观众可以观看该表演，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据题目中的“concert”可定位到原文中的广告Mandy Moore，且具有唯一性，只有这一则广告符合“Mandy Moore is giving a concert in our city! ”从其描述“Price: $42”可知，Mandy Moore将进行音乐会的巡回演出，票价为42美元，故选B。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个司机无意间撞死一条狗之后，没有选择逃逸而是主动将狗包裹好送到狗主人——一位与狗相依为命的老太太那儿，并表示了歉意和安慰。作者因为他的这种行为重拾对人性的信心。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。文章首段讲述了母亲艰难不幸的一生，并结合该段最后一句“I loved the dog, but my true sadness currently results from having to watch my mother experience another tragedy after everything she has been through in her life.”可知，作者的母亲一生经历了很多悲剧，此次又将与爱狗别离，非常不幸，所以作者的母亲一生受了很多苦。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求判断作者对the dog-killer也就是这位司机的态度，从文章第二到五段内容，并结合第二段“I have to sincerely applaud the driver of the vehicle, which feels wrong, but it's not.”我不得不真诚地为司机鼓掌，这感觉不对，但事实并非如此。和全文最后一句“He did the right thing and for that, thank you, stranger. You recovered my faith in humanity.”他做了正确的事，谢谢你，陌生人。你恢复了我对人性的信心。可知，司机没有肇事逃逸，主动寻找狗主人，作者认为他做了对的事，因此虽然他撞死了作者母亲的爱狗，但作者认为他的后续行为正确。由此判断出他这个人值得赞扬，故选D。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据该词所在句子“He consoled her the best a stranger could and waited with her while my sister rushed to her house.”的上下文可知，司机告知了作者母亲整个事情后，老太太就立刻崩溃了。他作为一个陌生人，尽了最大的努力去安慰她并且陪同她等待她女儿的到来。面对伤心的老太太，在等待女儿到来的过程中做到的是安慰。所以换线词的意思是“安慰”。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据语篇解读可知，本文的重点不是介绍事故或者事故导致的悲伤，而是通过司机的选择，让作者看到了人性美好的一面，重拾对人性的信心，特别是全文最后一句的点题“He did the right thing and for that, thank you, stranger. You recovered my faith in humanity.”他做了正确的事，谢谢你，陌生人。你恢复了我对人性的信心。因而最佳标题为“对人类的信心恢复”。故选D。
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍青少年参与政治活动，督促政府改进社会弊端，这是好的一面。但是，青少年不仅需要热情，更需要加强文化学习，提升自己的知识技能，才能更好地帮助解决世界上的各种问题
【8题详解】
推理判断题 文章第一句提到“The year 2019 was a year of teen power.(2019年是见证青少年力量的一年。)”，接着作者提到Greta Thunberg在2019年的联合国气候行动峰会上的演讲，为她赢得了时代杂志的2019年年度人物。通过这个例子，证明了作者的观点“The year 2019 was a year of teen power.”，展示了青少年力量的成功 由此可知，作者在第一段提到Greta Thunberg是为了展示青少年力量的成功，故选A项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题 根据上文“The adults know that we’re cleaning up their mess”可知，成年人在不断犯错，把一切都搞得一团糟，要靠青少年来帮着解决问题；再由划线部分所在句“I’m sorry I made this mess’, while continuing to spill soda on the floor,”可推知，他们一方面承认自己的过错，但是另一方面又不知悔改，继续犯错 由此可知，划线部分意思是“政客们没有停止制造混乱”，故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题 从第三段中“However, as with the most big problems, there are no easy solutions, and each solution may create more problems.”可知，作者认为大部分的问题都没有简单的解决方案，每一种解决办法都带来新的问题 下文列举了一个例子，比如，为应对气候变化，可减少化石燃料的使用，但这又会导致交通工具的停运，对人们的生活产生负面影响，甚至加剧贫困 由此可知，作者认为减少化石燃料，将带来其他新问题。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题 从最后一段内容尤其是最后一句“Apart from enthusiasm for bringing about change, you still need the maturity, wisdom, knowledge and skills to make good decisions.”可知，作者想强调青少年参与政治是很好的，但是要解决世界上的问题，不能光靠热情，还需要提升自己的素养和能力，需要加强学习才能更好地决策 由此可知，在第四段中，作者想强调我们需要学着成熟，并且明智地做决定。故选D项。
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过去十年，数字支付形式的兴起，并分析其原因和利弊。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。从第一段“Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off”及全段内容可知，过去十年（decade=ten years），数字支付开始流行，人们通过刷卡和扫描手机二维码进行支付。一些富裕国家里，数字支付将现金支付逼到濒危灭绝的地步，B选项“数字支付在过去十年里流行起来”符合原文内容，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。从第二段“In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions (交易) per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway. Britain is probably four or six years behind it. America is perhaps a decade behind.”可知，过去十年，瑞典电子支付发达，零售业现金交易额人均降低了 80%，挪威现金交易只占交易额的 6%。与之相比，英国落后 4 到 6 年，美国落后或许 10 年，因此几个国家中目前使用现金比例最高的是美国，在电子支付取代现金方面速度最慢，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求推断作者最可能同意的观点，根据最后一段“It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.”可知，数字支付也能让消费者建立自己的信用历史，从而有助于借贷。因此C选项正确。此外结合全文特别是最后一段的内容，现金支付的消失可能让现金盗窃减少；文章没有提到现金支付不会消失或是不大可能消失；数字支付能让生意人跨国境做生意，而不是国内做生意；数字支付让穷人，老年人和乡下人被抛在后面，所以他们不能从中受益。综上，其它选项也可以排除，故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。纵观全文，作者第一段介绍电子支付兴起的现状，接下来三段分别介绍电子支付的发展速度，兴起原因，正反影响，同时结合位于首段的主题句“digital payments have taken off”，因此本文围绕的是“电子支付的兴起”（即B选项The rising of digital payments），进行多方面的分析，故选B。
2020-2022届（三年）高三三诊英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
重庆市2022届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How and Where to See Aurora in 2022
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has made many potential travel plans change constantly. but catching sight of the wonderful cosmic (宇宙的) display could be possible this year. Here’s our guide on how and where to see the aurora (极光) this winter.
Where is the best place to see the northern lights
Spots like Fairbanks in Alaska, Whitehorse, Yellowknife and Churchill in Canada, and Iceland and northern Norway are all safe bets. The NOAA website has additional tips on where to view the aurora with links to maps that show where the light show can be seen. The best time to see the lights differs slightly by country, but, in general, the peak season is between November and March.
Which countries are allowing tourists to enter
Arguably the biggest barrier to your chances of enjoying the aurora this winter is not atmospheric, but the COVID-19 restrictions by some of the countries where the northern lights are most visible. Please check official sources and the resources below for the latest restrictions.
·Iceland: Lonely Planet’s webpage.
·Norway: Norway’s government website.
·Alaska: CDC’s international travel guidelines.
·Canada: Lonely Planet’s webpage.
How to see the southern lights
The southern lights are the same phenomenon on the other side of the Earth. With less land in the south, the southern lights are perhaps less talked about as they mostly occur over water, but they can be seen over parts of New Zealand, and Australia and Tasmania. In contrast to the northern lights, the southern lights are usually most obvious from March to September.
1. Which month is better for enjoying the northern lights
A. January. B. April. C. July. D. October.
2. Which of the following doesn’t offer the latest travel restrictions
A The NOAA website. B. Lonely Planet’s webpage.
C. Norway’s government website. D. CDC’s international travel guidelines.
3. What is special about the southern lights
A. They last all through the year. B. They rarely appear over the land.
C. They are popular among travelers. D. They are different from the northern lights.
B
Ten years ago, Kwane Stewart stepped outside a convenience store at Modesto with his morning coffee and spotted a homeless man sitting with his back against the building. A small dog sat in the homeless man’s lap with signs of an allergic reaction to fleas (跳蚤). Stewart approached the man and offered to take the dog away for treatment. A week later, when the dog was returned to the man, he started to cry, saying that his dog could finally sleep at night again because it would no longer stay up scratching and chewing. “There is something you get in return that feels much larger” said Stewart. Today, Stewart. 50, has his own practice in town, yet he still finds time for street pets. He’s helped roughly 400 animals since 2011, mostly dogs but also a few cats. There’s a dire need for his kind help. About 25 percent of Modesto’s homeless population owns a pet but there are few healthcare options available to them. To deal with the problem. Stewart can often be found wandering anywhere he thinks the homeless might be camped out. He carries his medical bag which contains treatments for most of the cases he meets and pays for almost all of it out of his own pocket.
Occasionally, he comes upon a medical problem that requires more attention than he can provide on the street. For those expensive procedures, he set up a charity account, GoFundMe, to help cover treatment costs. “I don’t ever want to have to turn anybody away,” he explains.
Some people question whether the homeless should even have pets. “I think that more than anybody, they need a pet,” said Stewart. “They love their pet probably more than the average person.”
Joe, one of those people, said, “To have somebody like Dr. Stewart come out here to take care of my dog just because it’s the right thing to do, that’s huge.”
4. Why did the man cry
A. Because the dog was cured. B. Because the dog was found.
C. Because the dog started to eat. D. Because the dog stopped barking at night.
5. What does the underlined word “dire” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Basic. B. Global. C. Commercial. D. Urgent.
6. What do we know about Stewart’s treatment of dogs
A. He charged the owners a lot. B. He sometimes asked for help.
C. He didn’t treat dogs on the street. D. He sent the cured dogs to animal shelters.
7. What kind of person is Stewart
A. Smart. B. Hardworking. C. Kind-hearted. D. Gentle.
C
Two years ago, Bob and Jane knew nothing about beekeeping. But they read books, blogs and research articles. They joined online and community beekeeping groups and watched YouTube videos. Eventually, they formed their own beekeeping groups to help others and now they’re expert beekeepers.
Should we be surprised that Bob and Jane aren’t in their 20s or 30s, but rather in their late 50s We shouldn’t. Bob and Jane’s experience mirrors that of others. Late to the Ball, for example, by Gerald Marzorati, describes how he learned to play tennis in his 50s. Old in Art School, by Nell Painter, describes how she received a bachelor’s and master’s in painting after retiring from Princeton as a history professor. Ernestine Shepherd is, as far as anyone knows, the world’s oldest bodybuilder-but she didn’t even start to exercise until her 50s.
These experiences should be celebrated. The ability to live independently requires regular “upgrades” because of changes in our environment, especially due to technological advances. Cellphone providers are disconnecting 3G networks, and health care providers are moving toward online-only access to patients’ medical records. This means learning how to use a smartphone, or new online portals. And if people avoid learning these skills themselves, it develops functional dependence-asking others to do stuff for them.
To help learn new things, adults can borrow lessons from childhood. When they learn multiple skills at the same time, they get encouragement from teachers and caregivers. And when infants and children are exposed to environments with low expectations and resources, someone will fix the situation quickly. In contrast, adults-especially older adults-almost always find that they face a discouraging learning environment with low expectations and resources, and efforts to fix these issues are minimal (极小的). Learning new things brought older adults out of their comfort zones, and made them feel fearless about new challenges. At the beginning, many older adults thought they could barely walk a mental mile, but they completed a triathlon (铁人三项).
8. What do people mentioned in paragraph 2 have in common
A. They are in their late 50s. B. They plan to learn beekeeping.
C. They are proud of their achievements. D. They learn something new in their old age.
9. What should older adults do to live independently
A. Learn new skills themselves. B. Carry their smartphones all the time.
C. Check their medical records regularly. D. Pay attention to environmental changes.
10. What can adults borrow from children’s learning experience
A. Learning multiple skills at the same time. B. Encouraging themselves as much as possible.
C. Creating a supporting learning environment. D. Lowering expectations from the environment.
11. What is the passage mainly about
A. Bob and Jane’s beekeeping experience. B. Older adults’ learning new skills.
C. Children’s lessons for learning new things. D. Older adults’ developing new interests.
D
Friends and family often challenge me with the question, “ Why can’t you doctors agree on something and stick to it without constantly changing your minds about what benefits or harms us ”
Their complaint partially has a good reason. The reality is that our knowledge of medicine is constantly changing; facts we learn today replace concepts we thought were true yesterday, which will probably change tomorrow. When I was in medical school many years ago, one professor lectured, “ Half of what we teach you will be wrong; the problem is we don’t know which half. ”
But I’m reminded of Winston Churchill’ wise advice: “ I’d rather be right than consistent, ” a recommendation every competent health care worker follows.
I recently wrote that acetaminophen (对乙酰氨基酚), the most widely used pain medicine worldwide, was considered to be safer than many drugs but that regular use could cause damage. In a carefully controlled investigation, 110 individuals were randomly given one gram of acetaminophen four times daily or a placebo (安慰剂) for two weeks followed by a two-week washout period and then receive the alternate treatment. Acetaminophen compared with a placebo increased heart blood pressure by about 4.7mmHg. The observation is important because the results raise questions about the safety of regular acetaminophen use since even small change in blood pressure increase cardiovascular (心血管) risk.
Another recent study concluded that cardiovascular death rates are higher in rural communities, compared with urban areas, due to reduced access to health care and a greater burden of traditional and socioeconomic risk factors. An advice for readers living in rural communities is that if you become seriously ill, consider seeking care at a major urban medical center where the latest in medical advances are more likely to be found. They will certainly know which half of medical knowledge is the correct half.
12 Why does the author mention the professor’s words in paragraph 2
A. To show doctors are not trustworthy.
B. To prove medical school is difficult to attend.
C. To show people’s complaint is completely reasonable.
D. To prove the knowledge of medicine is always changing.
13. What do the results of the experiment in paragraph 4 show
A. The placebo affects heart blood pressure.
B. Regular acetaminophen use can be dangerous.
C. Acetaminophen is a widely used pain medicine.
D. Acetaminophen is safer than many other pain drugs.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. People living in cities are healthier.
B. Rural areas have no access to health care.
C. Patients shall seek help from the nearest hospitals.
D. Urban doctors may have the latest medical knowledge.
15. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Winston Churchill: A Wise Advisor B. Acetaminophen: A Safe Pain Medicine
C. Science of Medicine: A Changing Area D. Cardiovascular Death Rate: A Great Burden
重庆市2021届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文,从每期所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Enjoy one or more of our exciting one-day tours. Experience live theatre, learn about the rural life in the past, or pop music in the 1960s...whatever your interests, we have a tour for you!
The Dancing Horses Dinner Theatre 2021 （Wednesday, May 26, 2021）
From Only $89.00. The Dancing Horses Theatre is in Delavan, Wisconsin. It is a live entertainment venue （举办地） in a beautiful, climate controlled indoor area. From the moment the show opens until the end, all ages will sit spell-bound at this, applauding our amazing performers and their talented trainers.
Church Basement Ladies Circa 21
From Only $113.00. Church Basement Ladies are back at it! With crazy funny behaviour, loads of laughs and new original songs, YOU SMELL BARN celebrates rural life in the 1950’s. 2 departures on 6/28/2021 and 7/5/2021.
Beehive Circa 21 （Friday, August 27, 2021）
From Only $110.00. A fun, seemingly attractive flashback to the wonderful females who unmistakably left their mark on 1960s pop music. Matching big voices with big hairdos, Beehive features non-stop hits from the 50s and 60s. BEEHIVE will have you dancing in your seats and wanting more!
Lincoln Victorian Christmas at JHM
From Only $103.00. Mr. & Mrs. Lincoln will tell you what Christmas was like during the time of the American Civil War. They will talk about how some of the customs we observe today came to be, such as the origin of the Christmas Tree, Santa Claus, party environments and the best Christmas present Abraham Lincoln ever received! Come prepared to join in on some classic Christmas carols. 2 departures on 11/18/2021 and 12/1/2021.
1. When can you go to enjoy a horse performance
A. May. B. June.
C. July. D. August.
2. Where can you go if you are interested in the popular old songs
A. The Dancing Horses Dinner Theatre 2021.
B. Church Basement Ladies Circa 21.
C. Beehive Circa 21.
D. Lincoln Victorian Christmas at JHM.
3. What will Mr. & Mrs. Lincoln talk about at JHM
A. The hard life during American Civil War.
B. The preparation for some classic Christmas carols.
C. The best Christmas present given by Abraham Lincoln.
D. The origin of some Christmas customs we observe now.
B
Elizabeth Anionwu, who has received four honorary degrees for her excellent work in nursing, has devoted her life to improving the lives of thousands in the black community who are suffering with sickle cell disease.
Born to an Irish woman and a Nigerian man, her own upbringing was tarnished by racial discrimination and cruelty. Soon after her birth in 1947, she was sent away to a children’s home run by nuns (修女) who were, at times, very unkind indeed. Once, she was made to stand with a dirty wet sheet over her head as a punishment for wetting the bed.
But a caring nursing nun she met at the age of four inspired her career in nursing. “I had painful eczema (湿疹), which the nuns would treat with a special medicine and cover with bandages,” she explains. “Other nuns would tear them off in a hurry and my skin would break and bleed. But one nice nun treated me very gently and I never felt a thing. Later on, I discovered she was a nurse and I decided that’s what I wanted to be.” At 16 she became a school nurse assistant, which was the start of a 50-year career as a nurse and professor.
In the early 70s, Anionwu had her first encounter with sickle cell anaemia-a painful disease found mostly in African and Caribbean families-which at the time was often overlooked. Families had no information about how to cope with their illness or the symptoms to look out for, so Anionwu took action, raising awareness of the disease and setting up the Sickle Cell Society. It’s then that she became the first sickle cell and thalassemia (地中海贫血症) specialist in Britain.
Elizabeth Anionwu has spent her life as a nurse and tutor, working with black and minority communities in London. In 2019, she was presented with the Pride Of Britain’s Lifetime Achievement Award for her great services to nursing.
4. What does the underlined word “tarnished” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Inspired. B. Troubled.
C. Moved. D. Discouraged.
5. What can we infer from paragraph 4
A. People knew a lot about anaemia.
B. People with anaemia didn't suffer much.
C. Anionwu noticed anaemia before the 1970s.
D Anionwu was actively involved in fighting anaemia.
6. Which of the following best describes Elizabeth Anionwu
A. Independent. B. Respectable.
C. Ambitious. D. Trustworthy.
7. Where is the text probably from
A. A guidebook. B. An autobiography.
C. A news report. D. A book review.
C
The world’s first telephone call — “Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you” — was a request for a face-to-face meeting. In Brantford, the “Telephone City”, there’s a giant memorial to Alexander Graham Bell that includes a bronze casting with figures meant to represent Knowledge, Joy and Sorrow — the information spread by the telephone.
Today maybe we should have a bit of sorrow for the weakening of the personal connections developed by Bell’s great invention. We own more “phones” than ever, but we don’t use them primarily for voice calls. In 2010 Americans spent 2.24 trillion minutes talking on their mobile devices — which averages out to 7, 813 minutes per mobile line. By 2017 that had dropped to just 5, 539 minutes per line. That’s still 18 minutes per person per day, but it’s a small part of the five hours a day we spend doing other things on our phones: watching videos, browsing Twitter and Facebook, sending text messages, — and all the rest.
So what leads to the fall-off in voice communication One is digital data. We consumed 28.6 trillion megabytes of data on our phones in 2018, a dramatic 82 percent increase over 2017 levels. The other is robocalls (机器人电话) . YouMail, which makes a robocall-blocking app, says that 4.7 billion calls were placed to U.S. phone numbers in July 2019 alone. My own phone shows that I got 36 robocalls that month — so many that I’ve ignored all strange calls.
Then, what’s lost when texts and posts replace conversation Briefly put, it is Joy and Sorrow: the emotional content conveyed by the human voice. Without this real-time engagement, we’re left only with Knowledge, which, as the past few years have shown, is so easily misrepresented. Our telephones may have evolved into machines for 24/7 tweeting and texting, but we’re more alone than ever.
8. Why does the author mention Alexander Graham Bell in paragraph 1
A. To attract the readers to the topic.
B. To introduce the city of Brantford.
C. To emphasize the contribution of Bell.
D. To show the importance of the first call.
9. What is the reason for the fall of telephone communication
A. The application of YouMail.
B. The ignorance of all the calls.
C. The breakdown of the telephone system.
D. The increasing consumption of digital data.
10. How does the author mainly support the theme of the passage
A. By giving examples. B. By quoting others’ words.
C. By providing statistical data. D. By providing research results.
11. Which of the following can serve as the best title
A. The Evolution of Telephones
B. The Emotion Conveyed by Telephones
C. The Fall-off of Talking on the Phone
D. The Weakening of Personal Communication
D
Would you rather watch a new movie or an old favorite Would you rather try a dish, you have never had at a restaurant, or stick with something you know you will like Researchers studying the “mere-exposure effect”(曝光效应) have found that we often prefer the familiar over the novel.
In 1968, social psychologist Robert Zajonc published a landmark paper on the mere-exposure effect. His hypothesis (假说) was that simply being exposed to an object on a repeated basis was enough to make people like that thing. To test this, Zajonc had participants read words in a foreign language out loud. He varied how often they read each word (up to 25 repetitions). Next, participants were asked to decide how positive or negative the meaning of each word was. Zajonc found that participants liked the words that they had said more often, and the words that had been read 25 times were rated the highest.
In the decades since Zajonc published his paper on the mere-exposure effect, researchers have also suggested several theories to explain why the effect happens. One of the leading theories is that mere exposure makes us feel less uncertain. According to this idea, we tend to be cautious around new things, since they could be dangerous to us. However, when we see the same thing over and over and nothing bad happens, we start to realize that there is nothing to be afraid of. Additionally, mere exposure increases what psychologists call “perceptual fluency” (知觉流畅性). It is based on the idea that, when we have seen something before, it is easier for us to understand and interpret it, which puts us in a positive mood.
While psychologists are still debating what causes the mere-exposure effect, it seems that having been previously exposed to something can change how we feel about it. And it may explain why, at least sometimes, we tend to prefer things that are already familiar to us.
12. What were the participants asked to do during the test
A. Read each word for 25 times. B. Rate how much they like a word.
C. Write in a foreign language. D. Decide the meaning of each word.
13. Which of the following would Robert Zajonic most probably agree with
A A person will choose a new movie instead of an old one.
B. A person will try an old favorite rather than choose a new dish.
C. A person will like a variety of things that they see for the first time.
D. A person will be cautious about the advertisement repeated many times.
14. Which of the following may explain the mere-exposure effect
A. We will rely more on something familiar.
B. We will feel curious about something new.
C. We will be careful about something dangerous.
D. We will find it quite easy to be in a positive mood.
15. What is the authors purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce a psychological phenomenon.
B. To advise you to try something new bravely.
C. To analyze the reason for mere-exposure effect.
D. To stress the importance of mere-exposure effect.
重庆市2020届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Art, Culture & Performances in Arizona
Art on the Wild Side
Three of Arizona’s favorite painters will exhibit their latest works inspired by the natural world in their unique styles. Through this exhibit, guests can engage in the Zoo’s mission to care for the natural world.
Date: February 1-April 31, 2020
Location: 455 N Galvin Pkwy, Phoenix, AZ 85008
Price: $90
Always... Patsy Cline
Always... Patsy Cline is a musical play, complete with country humor, true emotion, and even some audience participation, includes many of Patsy’s unforgettable hits such as “Crazy” “I Fall to Pieces”, “Sweet Dreams”, and “Walking After Midnight”... 27 songs in all!
Date: June 14-21, 2020
Location: Hale Theater, 50 West Page Avenue, Gilbert, AZ 85233
Price: $65
The Two Gentlemen of Verona
Best friends Valentine and Proteus choose different paths in life only to run into each other again when they both fall in love with the same woman. The Two Gentlemen of Verona is one of Shakespeare's earliest plays, his first comedy and also one of the most rarely performed plays in the canon.
Date: July 18-25, 2020
Location: Scottsdale Desert Stages Theatre, 7014 E Camelback Rd, Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Price: $28
Mandy Moore
Mandy Moore is giving a concert in our city! She is touring to support her upcoming album. Mandy's seventh studio work Silver Landings set to be released on September 6.
Date: September 27-October 3, 2020
Location: 111 N 3rd St Phoenix, AZ 85004
Price: $42
1. When can you go to an exhibition of paintings
A. In March. B. In June. C. In July. D. In September.
2. Where can you go if you are interested in Shakespeare’s plays
A. Art on the Wild Side. B. Always... Patsy Cline.
C. The Two Gentlemen of Verona. D. Mandy Moore.
3. How much will you pay if you want to enjoy a concert
A. $28. B. $42. C. $65. D. $90.
B
Last night one of our 3 family dogs was hit and killed by a car in front of my mother’s house. The dogs became more or less, my mother’s children after her human children grew up and moved out and my father ran with a midlife crisis and left her. The one that was killed had bonded with my mom far more than the others. She is shocked and upset. I loved the dog, but my true sadness currently results from having to watch my mother experience another tragedy after everything she has been through in her life.
In the midst of all of this I have to sincerely applaud the driver of the vehicle, which feels wrong, but it's not.
I’ll start by stating it was not his fault. The dog chased(追赶) a deer into the road at night. In an effort to not hit the deer with his car he changed direction suddenly, not seeing the dog, leading to her deaths. He could have very easily continued on his way, but he did something that I hope I never forget. He did the right thing (in my eyes). The driver pulled over, carefully wrapped our dog in a blanket he got from his car, and carried her up to my mother's front door.
He was visibly shaking and very upset. He informed my mother of what happened and she broke down immediately. He consoled her the best a stranger could and waited with her while my sister rushed to her house. He left his information and offered assistance in anyway he could.
Yes, he is the man who hit and killed our dog-accidentally. What he really did was sparing my mother from discovering unexpectedly a horrible scene herself while searching for the dog. He had so many choices. Choices that were far easier than what he chose. He did the right thing and for that, thank you, stranger. You recovered my faith in humanity.
4. What can we learn about the author's mother
A. She has suffered a lot in her life. B. She has grown up with her dogs.
C. She misses her husband very much. D. She has three dogs killed in an accident.
5. What's the author s attitude towards the dog-killer
A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Praising.
6. What does the underlined word “consoled” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Encouraged. B. Followed. C. Comforted. D. Helped.
7. What is the best tide for the text
A. An Unfortunate Accident B. Sadness over a Dog’s Death
C. An Easy-to-Make Choice D. Faith in Humanity Recovered
C
The year 2019 was a year of teen power. Young people spoke up about big problems and adults began to listen. Greta Thunberg, the seventeen-year-old Swedish schoolgirl, was perhaps the most powerful example last year of this teen power. At the U.N. Climate Action Summit in September 2019, she told world leaders, “You are failing us young people” by not taking enough action against climate change. Greta gained worldwide attention for her impassioned (激昂的) speech and was named Time magazine's 2019 Person of the Year.
In the United States, teen groups have formed organizations to pressure politicians into changing gun laws to stop school shootings. “The adults know that we’re cleaning up their mess,” says Cameron Kasky, an 11th-grader who started the NeverAgain movement after surviving the deadliest high school shooting in American history in 2018. “It’s like they’re saying, ‘I’m sorry I made this mess’, while continuing to spill soda on the floor,” adds another survivor Emma González.
These problems are not new and politicians have been dealing with them for years. However, as with the most big problems, there are no easy solutions, and each solution may create more problems. Fighting climate change by reducing fossil fuels (化石燃料)-no more cars, airplanes or big industries-can have a negative effect on people’s lives and even increase poverty. And prisons would fill up quickly if we locked up every person who was considered to be a potential criminal.
Teen power is a good thing. However, it will take more than youthful passion to solve the world’s problems. If you are also ambitious to make the world a better place, it is important that you speak up when necessary. But just as important is the need to grow in our learning-to study and to always remain humble（谦卑的）. Apart from enthusiasm for bringing about change, you still need the maturity, wisdom, knowledge and skills to make good decisions.
8. Why does the author mention Greta Thunberg in paragraph 1
A. To show the success of teen power.
B. To inform readers of 2019 Person of the Year.
C. To introduce the U. N. Climate Action Summit.
D. To encourage readers to speak up about big problems.
9. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 2 mean
A. The adults like soda very much.
B. The adults fail to clean up their mess.
C. The politicians haven't stopped making a mess.
D. The politicians have been working on the shooting.
10. What is the author opinion about reducing fossil fuels
A. It makes no difference to people's life.
B. It will bring about other new problems.
C. It will make the prisons fill up quickly.
D. It is effective in fighting climate change.
11. What does the author want to stress in paragraph 4
A Teen power is a good thing to change the world.
B. Passion is important in solving the world's problems.
C. We should speak up to make the world a better place.
D. We need to study to be mature and wise to decide well.
D
For the past 3000 years, when people thought of money, they thought of cash. From buying food to paying bills, day-to-day dealings involved paper or metal money. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off—tapping your credit card on a machine or having the QR Code (二维码) on your smart phone scanned has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich countries. That will make the economy more efficient, but it also brings new problems.
Countries are getting rid of cash at different speeds. In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions (交易) per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway. Britain is probably four or six years behind it. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. However, in China, digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.
Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand—younger consumers want to enjoy their digital lives with payment systems. But equally important, suppliers such as banks and tech firms are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees.
In general, the future of a cashless economy is excellent news. When cash payments disappear, people and shops are less likely to be stolen. Besides, digitalisation greatly expands the playground of small businesses by enabling them to sell beyond their borders. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow. Yet it is not without problems. Electronic payment systems may suffer technical failures, power blackouts and cyber-attacks. What’s more, in a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind.
12. What do we know about digital payments in paragraph 1
A. They've been used in daily dealings for 3000 years.
B. They have become popular in the past ten years.
C. They can only be made on the smart phones.
D. They are leading to cash's dying out worldwide.
13. Which country is the slowest in getting rid of cash
A. America. B. Britain. C. Sweden D. Norway.
14. Which of the following would the author most probably agree with
A Cash payments are less likely to disappear.
B. Digitalisation enables small businesses to sell nationally.
C. Customers can have their credit history built through digital payments.
D. Digital payments may benefit the poor, the elderly and country folks.
15. What is the text mainly about
A. The future of a cashless society. B. The rising of digital payments.
C. The reasons for cash being endangered. D. The development of payment technologies.
答案：
重庆市2022届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2022年看极光的最佳地方和方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The best time to see the lights differs slightly by country, but, in general, the peak season is between November and March.(观看灯光的最佳时间因国家而异，但一般来说，旺季在11月至3月之间。)”可知January（1月）是在观赏北极光最佳的时间段内。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Please check official sources and the resources below for the latest restrictions.”(请查看官方来源和以下资源以了解最新限制。)”结合本句下文涉及国家或地区，可知The NOAA website没有提供最新的旅游限制。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“With less land in the south, the southern lights are perhaps less talked about as they mostly occur over water, but they can be seen over parts of New Zealand, and Australia and Tasmania.”(由于南方土地较少，人们对南极光的谈论可能较少，因为南极光主要出现在水面上，但在新西兰、澳大利亚和塔斯马尼亚州的部分地区可以看到南极光。) 可知南极光很少出现在陆地上。故选B项。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文，是一篇关于一名兽医多年以来坚持救助流浪汉宠物的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Stewart approached the man and offered to take the dog away for treatment. A week later, when the dog was returned to the man, he started to cry, saying that his dog could finally sleep at night again because it would no longer stay up scratching and chewing.(斯图尔特走近这名男子，提出带狗去治疗。一周后，当这只狗被送回到这名男子身边时，他哭了起来，说他的狗终于可以在晚上睡觉了，因为它不再熬夜抓挠和咀嚼了。)”可知，男人因为狗被治愈了而哭，故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据原文第一段“About 25 percent of Modesto’s homeless population owns a pet but there are few healthcare options available to them.(莫德斯托大约25%的无家可归者拥有一只宠物，但他们几乎没有医疗保健选择。)”可知，市内25%的流浪汉都有宠物，但医疗资源特别少，因此，Stewart对宠物的救助被“急需”，划线词dire的意思是“紧急的”，和urgent意思相近，故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Occasionally, he comes upon a medical problem that requires more attention than he can provide on the street. For those expensive procedures, he set up a charity account, GoFundMe, to help cover treatment costs.(偶尔，他会遇到一个需要更多关注的医疗问题，而不是他在街上所能被提供的。对于那些昂贵的手术，他设立了一个名为GoFundMe的慈善账户，以帮助支付治疗费用。)”可知，他有时寻求帮助，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“He’s helped roughly 400 animals since 2011, mostly dogs but also a few cats. There’s a dire need for his kind help.(自2011年以来，他已经帮助了大约400只动物，大部分是狗，也有一些猫。现在急需他的帮助。)”可知，Stewart多年以来一直坚持无偿救助流浪汉的宠物，因此他是一个热心的人，故选C。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章以一对上了年纪的夫妻学习养蜂并成为专家的故事引入话题，举了几个成功的例子，说明上年纪的人学习新技能的必要性，以及如何从童年学习中获取经验以有助于他们新技能的习得。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Bob and Jane’s experience mirrors that of others. Late to the Ball, for example, by Gerald Marzorati, describes how he learned to play tennis in his 50s. Old in Art School, by Nell Painter, describes how she received a bachelor’s and master’s in painting after retiring from Princeton as a history professor. Ernestine Shepherd is, as far as anyone knows, the world’s oldest bodybuilder-but she didn’t even start to exercise until her 50s. (鲍勃和简的经历反映了其他人的经历。例如，杰拉尔德·马佐拉蒂的Late to the Ball描述了他在50多岁时如何学会打网球。内尔·佩因特的Old in Art School描述了她从普林斯顿大学历史教授退休后如何获得绘画学士学位和硕士学位。据大家所知，欧内斯汀·谢泼德是世界上最老的健美运动员，但她直到50多岁才开始锻炼)”可知，Bob 和Jane, Gerald Marzorati, Nell Painter和Ernestine Shepherd的相同之处都是在他们上了年纪的时候学习了新知识。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The ability to live independently requires regular “upgrades” because of changes in our environment, especially due to technological advances. (独立生活的能力需要定期‘升级’，因为我们的环境发生了变化，特别是由于技术的进步)”可知，独立生存需要经常获取新知识或新技能。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“To help learn new things, adults can borrow lessons from childhood. When they learn multiple skills at the same time, they get encouragement from teachers and caregivers. And when infants and children are exposed to environments with low expectations and resources, someone will fix the situation quickly.(为了帮助学习新事物，成年人可以从童年学习。当他们同时学习多种技能时，他们会从老师和照顾者那里得到鼓励。当婴儿和儿童接触到低期望和低资源的环境时，有人会迅速解决这个问题)”和“In contrast, adults-especially older adults-almost always find that they face a discouraging learning environment with low expectations and resources, and efforts to fix these issues are minimal (极小的) (相比之下，成年人——尤其是老年人——几乎总是发现他们面对一个令人沮丧的学习环境，期望和资源都很低，而解决这些问题的努力很少)”可知，儿童有良好的学习环境，能获得他人的支持和鼓励，即使环境不好，也能迅速解决这个问题；而成人总是处于令人沮丧的学习环境，期望和资源都很低。由此可知，成年人尤其是老人要从儿童的学习经历中借鉴的是，创造一个有利于学习的环境。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章以一对上了年纪的夫妻学习养蜂并成为专家的故事引入话题，举了几个成功的例子，说明上年纪的人学习新技能的必要性，以及如何从童年学习中获取经验以有助于他们新技能的习得。即整篇文章都是以上了年纪的人学习新技能为中心展开。故选B。
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医学知识持续更新变化。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The reality is that our knowledge of medicine is constantly changing; facts we learn today replace concepts we thought were true yesterday, which will probably change tomorrow.(现实是，我们的医学知识在不断变化；我们今天学到的事实取代了我们昨天认为是正确的概念，这些概念明天可能会改变。)”可知，作者提到教授的话是为了证明，医学知识确实一直在变化。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The observation is important because the results raise questions about the safety of regular acetaminophen use since even small change in blood pressure increase cardiovascular (心血管) risk.(这项观察结果很重要，因为这一结果提出了关于常规使用对乙酰氨基酚安全性的问题，因为即使是血压的微小变化也会增加心血管风险。)”可知，常规使用对乙酰氨基酚会造成血压变化，而这会增加心血管风险，也就是会有危险性。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“An advice for readers living in rural communities is that if you become seriously ill, consider seeking care at a major urban medical center where the latest in medical advances are more likely to be found. They will certainly know which half of medical knowledge is the correct half.(给生活在农村地区的读者的建议是，如果你得了重病，考虑到大城市的医疗中心寻求治疗，那里更有可能发现最新的医学进展。他们肯定会知道哪一半的医学知识是正确的。)”可推断，作者认为在城市中的大型医疗机构能获得最新的医疗进展，医生可能会更了解最新的医学知识。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The reality is that our knowledge of medicine is constantly changing; facts we learned today replace concepts we thought were true yesterday. and which will probably change tomorrow.(现实是，我们的医学知识在不断变化；我们今天学到的事实取代了我们昨天认为是正确的概念，这些概念明天可能会改变。) ”及全文可知，文章主要介绍的就是医学知识在不断变化。所以“Science of Medicine: A Changing Area(医学科学：一个变化的领域)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
重庆市2021届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一日游的娱乐项目的时间、费用和内容等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Dancing Horses Dinner Theatre 2021”(舞马晚宴剧院2021年)部分“Wednesday, May 26, 2021”(2021年5月26日，星期三)可知，在五月可以享受舞马表演。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Beehive Circa 21”部分第二句“A fun, seemingly attractive flashback to the wonderful females who unmistakably left their mark on 1960s pop music. ”(这是一段有趣的、看似迷人的回忆，让我们回想起那些在20世纪60年代的流行音乐中留下了印记的美妙女性。)可知，如果你对流行的老歌感兴趣，你可以去Beehive Circa 21。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题根据“Lincoln Victorian Christmas at JHM”部分第三句“They will talk about how some of the customs we observe today came to be, such as the origin of the Christmas Tree, Santa Claus, party environments and the best Christmas present Abraham Lincoln ever received!”(他们会谈论我们今天所遵守的一些习俗是如何形成的，比如圣诞树的起源、圣诞老人、派对环境和亚伯拉罕·林肯收到的最好的圣诞礼物！)可知，林肯夫妇在JHM会谈论我们现在看到的一些圣诞节习俗的起源。故选D。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Elizabeth Anionwu在护理方面的出色工作和成就。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句中的“by racial discrimination and cruelty(种族歧视和残忍)”和第三句“Once, she was made to stand with a dirty wet sheet over her head as a punishment for wetting the bed. (有一次，因为尿床，她被罚站着，头上盖着肮脏的湿床单)”可知，此处是指她被种族歧视和残忍折磨。所以tarnished意为“折磨”。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句中的“Anionwu took action, raising awareness of the disease and setting up the Sickle Cell Society(Anionwu采取了行动，提高了对这种疾病的认识，并成立了镰状细胞协会)”可知，Anionwu积极参与对抗贫血。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Elizabeth Anionwu has spent her life as a nurse and tutor, working with black and minority communities in London. In 2019, she was presented with the Pride Of Britain’s Lifetime Achievement Award for her great services to nursing. (Elizabeth Anionwu一生从事护士和家教工作，在伦敦的黑人和少数族裔社区工作。2019年，她被授予英国终身成就奖，以表彰她在护理领域的杰出贡献)”可知，Elizabeth Anionwu是一个可敬的人。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Elizabeth Anionwu, who has received four honorary degrees for her excellent work in nursing, has devoted her life to improving the lives of thousands in the black community who are suffering with sickle cell disease. (Elizabeth Anionwu因在护理方面的出色工作而获得了四个荣誉学位，她毕生致力于改善黑人社区里成千上万患有镰状细胞病的人的生活)”可知，文章主要是介绍Elizabeth Anionwu在护理方面的出色工作和成就，所以这来自一篇新闻报道。故选C。
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了电话通讯的衰落并分析了其中的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“In Brantford, the “Telephone City”, there’s a giant memorial to Alexander Graham Bell that includes a bronze casting with figures meant to represent Knowledge, Joy and Sorrow — the information spread by the telephone.”(在“电话城”布兰福德，有一座巨大的亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔纪念碑，青铜铸成了三个人物，分别代表知识、快乐和悲伤——通过电话传递信息。)和第二段前两句“Today maybe we should have a bit of sorrow for the weakening of the personal connections developed by Bell’s great invention. We own more “phones” than ever, but we don’t use them primarily for voice calls.”(今天，也许我们应该为贝尔的伟大发明所带来的人际关系的削弱而感到悲哀。我们拥有的“电话”比以往任何时候都多，但我们主要不是用它们来进行语音通话。)可知，作者在第1段提到了亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔，以吸引读者关注主题。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句和第三句“One is digital data. We consumed 28.6 trillion megabytes of data on our phones in 2018, a dramatic 82 percent increase over 2017 levels.”(一是数字数据。2018年，我们的手机消耗了28.6万亿兆字节的数据，比2017年的水平增长了82%。)可知，数字数据消耗的增加导致了电话通讯的衰落。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第三句到第五句“In 2010 Americans spent 2.24 trillion minutes talking on their mobile devices — which averages out to 7, 813 minutes per mobile line. By 2017 that had dropped to just 5, 539 minutes per line. That’s still 18 minutes per person per day, but it’s a small part of the five hours a day we spend doing other things on our phones: watching videos, browsing Twitter and Facebook, sending text messages, — and all the rest.”(2010年，美国人用移动设备通话的时间为2.24万亿分钟，平均每条移动线路通话时间为7813分钟。到2017年，这一数字降至5539分钟。这仍然是每人每天18分钟，但这只是我们每天用手机做其他事情的5小时中的一小部分：看视频，浏览Twitter和Facebook，发短信，以及其他所有的事情。)，第三段第三句“We consumed 28.6 trillion megabytes of data on our phones in 2018, a dramatic 82 percent increase over 2017 levels.”(2018年，我们的手机消耗了28.6万亿兆字节的数据，比2017年的水平增长了82%。)，第三段第五句第六句“YouMail, which makes a robocall-blocking app, says that 4.7 billion calls were placed to U.S. phone numbers in July 2019 alone. My own phone shows that I got 36 robocalls that month — so many that I’ve ignored all strange calls.”(制作自动呼叫拦截应用程序的YouMail称，仅2019年7月，就有47亿通电话打到美国电话号码。我自己的手机显示，那个月我接到了36个自动应答电话——太多了，以至于我忽略了所有奇怪的电话。)可知，作者通过提供统计数据来支持文章的主题。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段前两句“Today maybe we should have a bit of sorrow for the weakening of the personal connections developed by Bell’s great invention. We own more “phones” than ever, but we don’t use them primarily for voice calls.”(今天，也许我们应该为贝尔的伟大发明所带来的人际关系的削弱而感到悲哀。我们拥有的“电话”比以往任何时候都多，但我们主要不是用它们来进行语音通话。)和第三段第一句“So what leads to the fall-off in voice communication ”(那么是什么导致了语音通信的衰落呢？)可知，文章主要是讲语音通信的衰落。故选C。
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种心理效应——“单纯接触效应”。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“Next, participants were asked to decide how positive or negative the meaning of each word was.(接下来，参与者被要求决定每个单词的积极或消极含义)”和第五句“Zajonc found that participants liked the words that they had said more often, and the words that had been read 25 times were rated the highest.(Zajonc发现，参与者喜欢那些他们说得更多的词，而那些被读了25次的词得分最高)”可知，在测试期间参与者被要求评价他们对一个词的喜爱程度。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“His hypothesis (假说) was that simply being exposed to an object on a repeated basis was enough to make people like that thing. (他的假设是，仅仅是重复地接触一个物体就足以让人们喜欢那个东西)”和第三段最后一句“And it may explain why, at least sometimes, we tend to prefer things that are already familiar to us. (它可以解释为什么，至少有时候，我们倾向于喜欢我们已经熟悉的东西)”可知，Robert Zajonic最有可能认同一个人会尝试以前的喜好而不是一个新的事物。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“One of the leading theories is that mere exposure makes us feel less uncertain. (最主要的理论之一是，仅仅是接触就能让我们感觉不那么不确定)”及第四句“However, when we see the same thing over and over and nothing bad happens, we start to realize that there is nothing to be afraid of. (然而，当我们一次又一次地看到同样的事情，却没有什么不好的事情发生时，我们开始意识到没什么好害怕的)”和最后一句“It is based on the idea that, when we have seen something before, it is easier for us to understand and interpret it, which puts us in a positive mood.(它基于这样一种观点：当我们之前看到过某个东西时，我们更容易理解和解释它，这使我们处于积极的情绪中)”可知，我们将更多地依赖于熟悉的东西，这可以解释“单纯接触效应 ”。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Researchers studying the “mere-exposure effect”(曝光效应) have found that we often prefer the familiar over the novel. (研究“单纯接触效应”的研究人员发现，与新事物相比，我们通常更喜欢熟悉的东西)”可知，文章主要是为了介绍一种心理现象。故选A。
重庆市2020届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为应用文，是一则有关艺术表演的广告，涉及到画展 音乐剧 戏剧和音乐会等多种艺术形式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。第一则广告中，Art on the Wild Side是关于亚利桑那州著名画家的展览，根据其描述“Date: February 1-April 31, 2020”其表演时间从2月初开始，到4月底结束，可以在3月观看该画展，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的描述“The Two Gentlemen of Verona is one of Shakespeare's earliest plays”可知，The Two Gentlemen of Verona是一场莎士比亚的戏剧，对莎士比亚感兴趣的观众可以观看该表演，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据题目中的“concert”可定位到原文中的广告Mandy Moore，且具有唯一性，只有这一则广告符合“Mandy Moore is giving a concert in our city! ”从其描述“Price: $42”可知，Mandy Moore将进行音乐会的巡回演出，票价为42美元，故选B。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个司机无意间撞死一条狗之后，没有选择逃逸而是主动将狗包裹好送到狗主人——一位与狗相依为命的老太太那儿，并表示了歉意和安慰。作者因为他的这种行为重拾对人性的信心。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。文章首段讲述了母亲艰难不幸的一生，并结合该段最后一句“I loved the dog, but my true sadness currently results from having to watch my mother experience another tragedy after everything she has been through in her life.”可知，作者的母亲一生经历了很多悲剧，此次又将与爱狗别离，非常不幸，所以作者的母亲一生受了很多苦。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求判断作者对the dog-killer也就是这位司机的态度，从文章第二到五段内容，并结合第二段“I have to sincerely applaud the driver of the vehicle, which feels wrong, but it's not.”我不得不真诚地为司机鼓掌，这感觉不对，但事实并非如此。和全文最后一句“He did the right thing and for that, thank you, stranger. You recovered my faith in humanity.”他做了正确的事，谢谢你，陌生人。你恢复了我对人性的信心。可知，司机没有肇事逃逸，主动寻找狗主人，作者认为他做了对的事，因此虽然他撞死了作者母亲的爱狗，但作者认为他的后续行为正确。由此判断出他这个人值得赞扬，故选D。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据该词所在句子“He consoled her the best a stranger could and waited with her while my sister rushed to her house.”的上下文可知，司机告知了作者母亲整个事情后，老太太就立刻崩溃了。他作为一个陌生人，尽了最大的努力去安慰她并且陪同她等待她女儿的到来。面对伤心的老太太，在等待女儿到来的过程中做到的是安慰。所以换线词的意思是“安慰”。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据语篇解读可知，本文的重点不是介绍事故或者事故导致的悲伤，而是通过司机的选择，让作者看到了人性美好的一面，重拾对人性的信心，特别是全文最后一句的点题“He did the right thing and for that, thank you, stranger. You recovered my faith in humanity.”他做了正确的事，谢谢你，陌生人。你恢复了我对人性的信心。因而最佳标题为“对人类的信心恢复”。故选D。
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍青少年参与政治活动，督促政府改进社会弊端，这是好的一面。但是，青少年不仅需要热情，更需要加强文化学习，提升自己的知识技能，才能更好地帮助解决世界上的各种问题
【8题详解】
推理判断题 文章第一句提到“The year 2019 was a year of teen power.(2019年是见证青少年力量的一年。)”，接着作者提到Greta Thunberg在2019年的联合国气候行动峰会上的演讲，为她赢得了时代杂志的2019年年度人物。通过这个例子，证明了作者的观点“The year 2019 was a year of teen power.”，展示了青少年力量的成功 由此可知，作者在第一段提到Greta Thunberg是为了展示青少年力量的成功，故选A项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题 根据上文“The adults know that we’re cleaning up their mess”可知，成年人在不断犯错，把一切都搞得一团糟，要靠青少年来帮着解决问题；再由划线部分所在句“I’m sorry I made this mess’, while continuing to spill soda on the floor,”可推知，他们一方面承认自己的过错，但是另一方面又不知悔改，继续犯错 由此可知，划线部分意思是“政客们没有停止制造混乱”，故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题 从第三段中“However, as with the most big problems, there are no easy solutions, and each solution may create more problems.”可知，作者认为大部分的问题都没有简单的解决方案，每一种解决办法都带来新的问题 下文列举了一个例子，比如，为应对气候变化，可减少化石燃料的使用，但这又会导致交通工具的停运，对人们的生活产生负面影响，甚至加剧贫困 由此可知，作者认为减少化石燃料，将带来其他新问题。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题 从最后一段内容尤其是最后一句“Apart from enthusiasm for bringing about change, you still need the maturity, wisdom, knowledge and skills to make good decisions.”可知，作者想强调青少年参与政治是很好的，但是要解决世界上的问题，不能光靠热情，还需要提升自己的素养和能力，需要加强学习才能更好地决策 由此可知，在第四段中，作者想强调我们需要学着成熟，并且明智地做决定。故选D项。
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过去十年，数字支付形式的兴起，并分析其原因和利弊。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。从第一段“Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off”及全段内容可知，过去十年（decade=ten years），数字支付开始流行，人们通过刷卡和扫描手机二维码进行支付。一些富裕国家里，数字支付将现金支付逼到濒危灭绝的地步，B选项“数字支付在过去十年里流行起来”符合原文内容，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。从第二段“In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions (交易) per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway. Britain is probably four or six years behind it. America is perhaps a decade behind.”可知，过去十年，瑞典电子支付发达，零售业现金交易额人均降低了 80%，挪威现金交易只占交易额的 6%。与之相比，英国落后 4 到 6 年，美国落后或许 10 年，因此几个国家中目前使用现金比例最高的是美国，在电子支付取代现金方面速度最慢，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求推断作者最可能同意的观点，根据最后一段“It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.”可知，数字支付也能让消费者建立自己的信用历史，从而有助于借贷。因此C选项正确。此外结合全文特别是最后一段的内容，现金支付的消失可能让现金盗窃减少；文章没有提到现金支付不会消失或是不大可能消失；数字支付能让生意人跨国境做生意，而不是国内做生意；数字支付让穷人，老年人和乡下人被抛在后面，所以他们不能从中受益。综上，其它选项也可以排除，故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。纵观全文，作者第一段介绍电子支付兴起的现状，接下来三段分别介绍电子支付的发展速度，兴起原因，正反影响，同时结合位于首段的主题句“digital payments have taken off”，因此本文围绕的是“电子支付的兴起”（即B选项The rising of digital payments），进行多方面的分析，故选B。