福建省龙岩市2020-2022届（三年）高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题汇编：阅读理解(含答案)
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福建省龙岩市2020-2022届（三年）
高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
福建省龙岩市2022届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ever keen to keep you saving, we’ve come up with three more great ideas to keep money in your pockets.
Pay in cash
Pay in cash rather than stick everything on a card to worry about later — that way, money seems more ‘real’. By doing this, you can actually get a sense of what you’re spending. But don’t make repeated trips to the cash - point every day, consuming randomly your hard - earned money bit by bit. Instead, make one withdrawal at the start of the week, then put your cards away and set yourself a cash budget.
DIY
Fancy making your own bookshelves or turning a scarf into a skirt There are plenty of sites that will teach you clever new tricks with old junk, from threading a string bracelet to building your own shoe containers from recycled tins. These enlightening ideas will transform your home and wardrobe and, even if you’re usually all fingers and thumbs, this can be done easily in less than an hour. A few minutes exploring for ‘DIY crafts’ online provides plenty of cheap creative ideas.
Cut back online shopping
We’ve all done it, surfed the net at lunch or late at night, aimlessly dropping virtual bargains in our virtual basket and hitting the virtual checkout button. However, the resulting damage to your bank balance is all too real. Why do you think online retailers (零售商) keep your credit card details on file So you can just press ‘Buy’ and they’ve got your cash. Again and again. But all you end up with is loads of stuff you wouldn’t otherwise have bought. If you’re tempted (诱惑), be strict, put the mouse down and ask yourself: “Do I really need this ” The answer is most probably: “No”.
21. Which of the following can help save your money
A. Visiting a bank constantly. B. Limiting visits to cash - points.
C. Surfing DIY sites for old junks. D. Relying on a card while shopping.
22. What does the underlined words in the idea of DIY mean
A. Busy. B. Careless. C. Nervous. D. Creative.
23. What may aimless virtual shopping result in
A. Saving money. B. Making a good deal.
C. Making ends meet. D. Piling up unwanted items.
B
The Free Books Campaign was set up in July 2020 by Sofia Akel, a race equality researcher, when she decided to launch a fundraiser to get as many books as possible by authors of color to people that can’t afford them across the UK and Ireland. So far over 1, 700 books have been sent by the Campaign to people who can’t afford them, and it has even caught the attention of the footballer Marcus Rashford who donated 400 copies of his children’s book You Are a Champion.
Some of the beneficiaries of the campaign include children from working class backgrounds who have not been exposed to literature from Black or Brown authors at school or at home. “I’ve had emails from parents who weren’t aware of just how many amazing authors of color there are, and who have said how much their child lit up seeing a book that reflected them,” Sofia says.
Explaining the need for the campaign, Sofia says: “Sadly, reading has become a luxury in today’s world. If you’re working two jobs just to put food on the table, having that time to sit down and read can be difficult. So, there is an element of celebration when it comes to even just finding the time to read. On top of that, the typical adult hardback book might cost you upwards of 15, which could put food on the table for a week if you were counting every penny.”
This is where the campaign hopes to step in. It operates on a trust basis, whereby the campaign doesn’t exist to police people’s financial circumstances. “No one has to prove that they’ve not got money — even if some people volunteer personal information, we never ask for it. Everyone deserves to read books that they love,” Sofia adds.
24. Who is the Free Books Campaign intended for
A. Footballers keen on charity. B. People under employment.
C. People with financial problems. D. Parents with children at school.
25. How did the benefited children feel about the books relevant to them
A. Puzzled. B. Amazed. C. Delighted. D. Surprised.
26. How can a person obtain books from the campaign
A. By joining a fundraiser. B. By proving their poverty.
C. By showing love for reading. D. By providing personal documents.
27. What can be inferred from the text
A It costs nothing to read today. B. People on the job are poor readers.
C. People save every coin to buy books. D. The campaign somehow activates reading.
C
Ruth Bader Ginsburg spent a lifetime flourishing (茁壮成长) in the face of misfortunes before being appointed a Supreme Court justice. She was born on March 15, 1933 in Brooklyn, New York. Ginsburg's mother implanted a love of education in Ginsburg through her devotion to her brother. She graduated first in her class at Columbia Law in 1959.
Even her exceptional academic record was not enough to shelter her from the gender - based discrimination women faced in the workplace in the 1960s. She had difficulties finding a job until a favorite Columbia professor directly refused to recommend any other graduates before U. S. District Judge Edmund L hired Ginsburg as a clerk for two years. After this, she was offered some jobs at law firms, but always at a much lower salary than her male colleagues. She instead took some time to pursue her other legal passion, civil procedure, choosing to join the Columbia Project on International Civil Procedure.
In 1963, she accepted a job as a professor at Rutgers University Law School. And in 1972, she became the first female professor at Columbia to earn tenure (终身职位). Ginsburg also directed the influential Women's Rights Project of the American Civil Liberties Union during the 1970s. In this position, she led the fight against gender discrimination and successfully argued six landmark cases before the U. S. Supreme Court. Ginsburg took a broad look at gender discrimination, fighting not just for the women left behind, but for the men who were discriminated against as well. Ginsburg accepted Jimmy Carter's appointment to the U. S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia in 1980. She served on the court for thirteen years until 1993, when Bill Clinton nominated (提名) her to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Ginsburg began her career as a justice where she left off as an advocate fighting for women's rights. Overtime, Justice Ginsburg proved time and again that she was a force to count until her death in 2020.
28. What can be learned about Ginsburg from the first paragraph
A. She was a successful lawyer. B. She was a top student of law.
C. She got inspired by her brother. D. She studied law due to her mother.
29. What is true about women in the workplace in the 1960s
A. They faced racial discrimination. B. They were offered legal guidance.
C. They loved to teach at a law school. D. They got less paid than male colleagues.
30. Which of the following can best describe Ginsburg
A Devoted and competent. B. Organized and tolerant.
C. Skilled and independent. D. Determined and imaginative.
31. What can be the best title for the text
A. A Promising Chief Justice B. An Influential Legal Figure
C. An Inspiring Political Power D. A Courageous Freedom Fighter
D
Tomorrow’s menus could feature items prepared with complex cooking techniques and presentation — all at the push of a button. Columbia University mechanical engineers have designed a 3 - D printer that can produce and cook dishes at the same time with details at the millimeter scale.
The design combines a multiwavelength laser (激光) cooker, roughly the size of five smart phones piled together, with a microwave - oven - sized food printer. The system uses various light wavelengths to cook in different ways: a short - waved blue laser goes deep inside meat, for example, while infrared beams (红外线光束) brown the surface. As the device’s robotic arm places fine layers of chicken puree (酱, 糊), a high - powered beam moves over them and cooks the meat — with literally laser - focused precision. Thus, users can achieve perfect results — say, a machine - made burger that varies between rare and well done in a checkerboard pattern.
“It gives you a lot more control and customization” says Jonathan Blutinger, lead author of the paper and a digital - cooking researcher at Columbia. The researchers tested only chicken for this study, but the system can work with other foods as well.
Beyond applying diverse materials and presentation patterns, this type of software - controlled setup could someday scan a QR code to automatically prepare dishes tailored to individual eating habits and dietary restrictions, Blutinger says.
The new technology is “astonishing”, says Megan Ross, a food scientist who studies 3 - D printing at Ireland’s University College Cork. Ross notes that the design is still at a beginning stage and that many technical challenges remain, such as preventing cross pollution between layers of raw and cooked meat. Still, Ross is impressed by the device’s ability to produce foods outside the field of conventional cooking. “Is this going to be sold in shops everywhere in the next few years No,” she says. “But everyone has to start somewhere.”
32. What makes the new design different from a common cooker
A. It works automatically. B. It is attached to a printer.
C. It cooks the whole of food. D. It can process various materials.
33. How does the design work
A. By customizing the dishes. B. By accessing 3 - D technology.
C. By turning the food upside down. D. By using beams of diverse wavelengths.
34. What is the new advantage of the design
A. It is more flexible to operate. B. It can process meat.
C. It avoids cross food pollution. D. It can be applied to QR code.
35. What can we infer about the design from Ross’ words
A. It makes a meaningful start. B. It will be well received soon.
C. It goes well with technology. D. It is well thought of by the public.
福建省龙岩市2021届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Inside the World's Largest Flower Show
The RI IS Hampton Court Palace Flower Show is the largest annual garden and flower show in the world. The showground covers 33 acres and most visitors stay for about 5 hours. It takes place in the grounds of Hampton Court Palace each July and is organized by the Royal Horticultural Society （RHS）.
Getting There
The nearest train station is Hampton Court. Full information of all travel options can be seen on the Getting to Hampton Court Palace page.
Tickets
Ticket prices start from 21.50.
Prices vary depending on the time and date of your visit.
Each full paying adult may bring two children aged 16 and under free of charge to the show.
Tickets are available on the door.
Opening Times
10a.m. until 7:30p.m.. It closes at 5:30p.m. on Sunday.
Tuesday and Wednesday: RHS Members only.
Official Website: www.rhs.org.uk
Tips for Visiting
● You could visit Hampton Court Palace on the same day but allow plenty of time as it takes 3-5 hours to visit the flower show and 1-3 hours to visit the palace.
● This is a temporary outdoor event on open parkland and is subject to varying weather and ground conditions. A temporary walkway is laid but it can still get pretty muddy if there's been heavy rain. Open-toed shoes and high heels arc not usually appropriate footwear.
● Left Luggage and a drugstore service arc both available on the show site.
● The Advisory Service offers free gardening advice to visitors. Check the information boards for locations.
● Plant and Product Deposit: There is a plant and product deposit service available where you leave your purchases while you enjoy the rest of your day out.
21. Where can you get the tickets
A. On the website. B. At the station.
C. At the entrance. D. In the garden.
22. What can you get for free
A. Drugs. B. Flowers.
C. Gardening advice. D. Transportation.
23. Which of the following helps to make a more enjoyable visit
A. Sparing sufficient time. B. Consulting the information desk.
C. Wearing whatever shoes they like. D. Making good use of deposit service.
B
The Arctic's permafrost is inciting— and fast. That's bad news, because these frozen soils store billions of tons of carbon, just waiting to be released. So is there a way to save the permafrost One team of researchers thinks it may have found a possible solution: big animals, herbivores - animals that eat only plants.
Back in 1996 researchers started an experiment called Pleistocene Park. They fenced in about eight square miles of land in northeast Siberia. Then they introduced different types of herbivores: reindeer, horses, bison, sheep and other large creatures.
Since then, scientists have studied these animals' effects on the ecosystem. One outcome is that these large herbivores help keep the ground very cold — cooler than it would otherwise be.
“The snow in winter is important for soil temperature, because it acts as an insulating layer. So the air in winter, at the high latitudes, is much colder than the soil." Philipp Porada, a vegetation ecologist at the University of Hamburg. "So the idea of this experiment was to introduce large herbivores — and to quantify their effects on soil temperature to see if they can actually protect permafrost soils against melting. And this works because of the animals' trampling (践踏), and this leads to less insulation of the soil against cold air temperatures and results in a cooling effect.”
Freezing air reaches the soil more easily. Porada and his colleagues realized the significance of this effect, so they pulled data from Pleistocene Park and Sweden to model what effect herbivores could have on permafrost if they lived in large numbers in the Arctic.
They found that even in a worst-case situation, some four degrees Celsius of global wanning: “These herbivores in the model reduce soil temperature substantially, by 1.7 degrees on average. And this leads to a preservation of around 80 percent of the original — today's permafrost area. Without the herbivore effect in the model, only 50 percent of the permafrost area would remain by the year 2100. So we can say the effect of the herbivores in the model leads to a substantial preservation of permafrost soil."
24. Why is the Pleistocene Park Experiment mentioned
A. To provide the past research data.
B. To share soil preservation experience.
C. To introduce a way to save permafrost.
D. To prove animals' effect on soil temperature.
25. What does the underlined word "insulating" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Covering. B. Blocking.
C. Storing. D. Freezing.
26. What does herbivores' trampling contribute to
A Cooling the ground. B. Heating the soil
C. Damaging the ground. D. Softening the soil.
27. What can be the best title for the text
A. Permafrost Is Disappearing B. Preservation of Permafrost
C. An Experiment on Herbivores D. Herbivores Help Save Permafrost
C
A century ago, people needed help to understand science. Much as they do today.
Then as now, it wasn't always easy to sort the accurate from the erroneous. Media regarded science as secondary to other mission. When science made the news, it was often confusing, or misleading.
E.W. Scripps, a newspaper publisher, and William Emerson Ritter, a biologist, sensed a need for reliable news about science, devoted to truth and precision. So Science Service was born - soon to give birth to the magazine now known as Science News.
In its first year, Science Service delivered its weekly news reports to newspapers. By 1922 they became available to the public, giving birth to Science News-Letter, the ancestor of Science News. Then as now, the magazine included all flavors of science — from the atom (原子) to outer space, from agriculture to oceanography, from transportation to nutrition.
In those early days, much of Science Service focused on space and new technologies, filled with various guessing and arguments. Much of the century's scientific future was predicted, though not all predictions aged well.
In the century since, real science has progressed to an advanced degree of wisdom, to an extent almost unimaginable to the scientists and journalists of the 1920s.
When Science Service launched its mission, astronomers were unaware of the extent of the universe. No biologist knew what DNA did. Geologists saw that Earth's continents looked like separated puzzle pieces, but declared that to be a coincidence.
Modern scientists know better. Yet somehow scientists still pursue the same questions. It turns out that the past century's groundbreaking experimental discoveries, revolutionary theoretical revelations and prescient guessing have not removed science's familiarity with false starts, unfortunate missteps and shortsighted prejudices. Researchers today have expanded the range of the reality they can explore, yet still trip through the remaining uncharted jungles of nature's facts and laws, seeking further clues to how the world works.
Science is more like it is today than it ever has been. It remains as challenging as ever to human inquiry. And the need to communicate its progress, sensed by Scripps and Ritter a century ago, remains as essential now as then.
28. What led to the birth of Science Service
A. Media's attitude to science.
B. Difficulty in defining science.
C. People's love for their mission.
D. Need for true and precise science.
29. What do Paragraphs4-5 mainly discuss
A. The content of Science Service.
B. The future of Science Service.
C. The limits to the then scientists.
D. The problems facing modem scientists.
30. What's the author's attitude towards the past science
A. Uncaring. B. Unfavorable. C. Supportive. D. Passionate.
31. What docs the author mean in the last paragraph
A. Science in the past was not real science at all.
B. People have fully grasped the nature of science.
C. Today is the best time for science development.
D. Dependable news about science should be accessible anytime.
D
Imagine a world where you move around in front of a personal computer in your own sound space. You listen to your, favorite songs, play loud computer games or watch a movie - all without other people hearing the sound. That is the possibility presented by "sound beaming,'' a new technology from Noveto Systems, an Israeli company.
On Friday, the company debuted (首发) a desktop device that sends sound directly to a listener without the need for headphones or a special receiver. No veto Systems gave The Associated Press (AP) a chance to test its SoundBeamer 1.0 before its debut. The AP's Louise Dixon writes that listening to the device is like something from a science fiction movie. The sound seems so close that it feels like it is inside your cars while also in front, above and behind them.
Noveto expects the device will have many uses. Office workers could listen to music or conference calls without others hearing. People could play a game, a movie or music without waking up others in the same room. Because the device does not use headphones, it is possible to hear other sounds in the room clearly.
The device uses a 3-D technology that finds and follows the ear position of the listener. It sends ultrasonic (超声的) waves to create sound pockets by the user's cars. Sound can be heard in stereo or 3-D. The 3-D method creates sound on all sides of the listener, the company said.
The demo (样本) version of the device included nature videos of birds on a lake, bees flying and a quiet waterway. Most people trying the technology for the first time just say, 'Wow. I really don't believe it. It sounds like a speaker, but no one else can hear it ... it's supporting you and you're in the middle of everything. It's happening around you.”
By changing a setting, the sound can follow a listener around when they move their head. It is also possible to move out of the sound beam's path and hear nothing at all.
While the idea of sound beaming is not new, Noveto was the first to launch the technology. Its chief executive officer Christophe Ramstein said a “smaller" version of the device will be ready for release to consumers next year.
32. What does the Soundbeamer Product mainly feature
A. Its various uses.
B. The application of 3-D technology.
C. An escape from other sounds around.
D. The absence of headphones for a listener.
33. How do the people on trial find the device
A. Scientific. B. Fashionable.
C. Lifelike. D. Convenient.
34. What can a user do with the device
A. Make sound pockets. B. Enjoy natural scenes.
C. Play games with friends. D. Produce a science fiction movie.
35. What will get improved about the device
A. Its original idea. B. Its present size.
C. Its positioning ability. D. Its sound effect.
福建省龙岩市2020届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four Inspiring Movies
Forrest Gump(1992)
Forrest Gump is a simple man with a low IQ but good intentions. This movie follows the fictional story in which the simple man makes his way through some of the more turbulent(动荡的）times from the 1960s through 1980s. This film took home six Oscars, inspired a"Weird Al"song, and proves that a big heart is the most important thing.
It's a Wonderful Life(1946)
No movie list would be complete without a nod to the past. Let's go with this Christmas classic, about a man with serious financial troubles who intends to commit suicide(自杀）by jumping off a bridge. His guardian angel Clarence Odbody stops him and tells him what life would have been like for those close to him had he never been born. Realizing how much he means to others, he rushes back home and all sorts of happy, inspirational, Christmassy things happen.
Dead Poet's Society(1990)
John Keating(Robin Williams)is a high school English literature teacher at a famous all-male boarding school who gets into trouble with the school administration after encouraging his students to challenge authority and think for themselves. It is certainly inspirational, if not also frustratingly
A Beautiful Mind(2001)
This movie tells the story of John Nash(Russell Crowe), a professor at Princeton, a US university, who revolutionized the field of game theory and fell into madness as a result of paranoid schizophrenia(精神分裂症）。With the love and support of his family as well as the help of medical professionals, he managed to overcome his mental illness and continued to make contributions to the
field of mathematics.
21. What can we know about It's a Wonderful Life
A. It proves a big heart important.
B. It has a happy ending.
C. It tells a story of friendship.
D. It is famous for the leading role.
22. Which film are Robin Williams 'fans more likely to watch
A. Forrest Gump.
B. It's a Wonderful Life.
C. Dead Poet's Society.
D. A Beautiful Mind.
23. At the end of A Beautiful Mind, the professor
A. became a famous expert in psychology
B. got his family's support for studying game theory
C. gained lots of experience in treating schizophrenia
D. defeated the disease and went on to pursue maths
B
In the 1970s, chemist James Lovelock and microbiologist Lynn Margulis developed the Gaia
hypothesis(盖亚假说）：all organic and inorganic components on the planet are part of one self-regulating system, working to maintain life on earth. Scientists agree that we need take significant action to control emissions(排放）。But where scientists and popular movements have thus far failed to convince the world to act, it seems that Mother Earth may have succeeded, with the never-before-seen COVID-19.
COVID-19 is estimated to have reduced carbon dioxide emission in China by a quarter. It caused factories to shut down, and slowed construction activities. Recent analysis shows a 70 percent drop in flights in February compared with January. And even getting into a car and going to a restaurant, shopping mall, or concert poses a risk of infection, which means that many people are choosing to stay at home and are consuming less, resulting in a significant reduction of their carbon
footprints.
Of course, China and the rest of the world will hope to restart normal production and consumption as soon as the virus is under control. However, some positive measures have already been taken as a result of COVID-19. As the virus is thought to originate from wildlife, Chinese authorities are revising laws and regulations regarding the country's massive wildlife trade in order to prevent future epidemics(流行病）－a win for biodiversity.
The deaths of thousands of people worldwide should also serve as a lasting reminder of the fragility of life. We humans frequently ignore or repress uncomfortable thoughts of death and extinction. We would rather get on with our lives as usual, thinking everything will somehow work out in the end. Only in the face of suffering and death are we forced to view the bigger, longer-term perspective-and this is what is needed in order to react appropriately to climate change. COVID-19 has sent alarm bells ringing throughout the world.
24. What does the author mention the Gaia hypothesis for
A. To tell the main idea of the text.
B. To introduce the topic for discussion.
C. To show the need to protect the planet.
D. To stress the importance of self-regulating system.
25. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. The unexpected benefit of COVID-19.
B. The economic influence of COVID-19.
C. The preventive measures for COVID-19.
D. The possible causes of COVID-19.
26. What does the underlined word“repress”in the last paragraph refer to
A. Control.
B. Hold.
C. Vary.
D. Test.
27. What does the writer want to tell us in the text
A. It's urgent to fight the virus.
B. The virus has caused many deaths.
C. Life is fragile in face of disasters.
D. Action is needed for climate change.
C
Screen time increases by 300 percent between the ages of l and 3 according to a recent study. In a perfect world, parents would always choose outdoor time over screen time. But for many parents, decreasing screen time isn't as simple as it sounds. That's because screens are increasingly used as an entertainment and distraction(分心）tool for kids which parents think is necessary due to a lack of quality childcare.
The United States government defines affordable childcare as care costing no more than 7 percent of a family's total income, yet more than 40 percent of families say they set aside more than 15 percent of their total income for it, according to a 2019 survey published by .
Affordable childcare in America is a dream. "Screen time is used as a last substitute for childcare for many families, "says licensed child therapist(治疗师）Katie Lear. "Particularly for parents who work from home, it can be hard to justify hiring a caregiver or paying for daycare. And yet children need to be able to keep themselves occupied during important work calls. Turning on the TV can buy the parent some valuable time during what can be a very tiring day. "
If affordable childcare wasn't just a daydream, if the system we have wasn't dependent on two incomes, if parents could actually afford not to work 50+hours a week, if childcare centers could afford to pay their workers a desirable wage, then maybe, we'd see screen time decrease instead of increase. We know our kids should be interacting with something other than You Tube videos and flash games for hours a week. But before we fix our broken system and before affordable, quality childcare becomes a reality, parents and caregivers are going to do whatever they can to make it, and that includes using screens as passive childcare.
28. Why do parents allow their children to spend much time on screens
A. To please their children.
B. To make up the lack of quality childcare.
C. To attract kids' attention to classes online.
D. To help children learn about necessary technology.
29. What do the statistics in Paragraph 2 indicate
A. Childcare workers have high income.
B. Childcare centers are popular in America.
C. Childcare is a heavy burden for parents.
D. Childcare is supported by local government.
30. Why is Lear mentioned in the text
A. To uncover the reason for screen time as childcare.
B. To prove the advantages of adopting e-products.
C. To present the ways of parents' improving childcare.
D. To explain the benefits of hiring a caregiver.
31. What's the key in reducing children's screen time
A. Enough company time.
B. High income in the family.
C. Turning off the TV.
D. Hiring a caregiver.
D
A butterfly's wings can have many jobs besides keeping the insect in the air. They may be called on to attract mates, to warn potential enemies to stay away, to do other animals or even to provide disguise(伪装）。
All of these roles, though, depend on their colouration-which is unchanging. This plays into the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like a bird's feathers or a mammal's hair. In fact, that is not true. For example, in some species males' wings harbour special cells that release chemicals which attract females.
Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Columbia University, in New York, has been looking into the matter. One of his interests is the optical(光学的）properties of biological materials. That has led him to study butterfly wings in more detail. And, in cooperation with Naomi Pierce, a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has now shown, in a paper published this week in Nature Communications, that butterfly wings are, indeed, very much alive.
Initially, Dr Yu and Dr Pierce wanted to know how the insects keep their body temperatures up
without their wings overheating. Unlike birds and mammals, butterflies do not produce enough internal heat to metabolize(新陈代谢）。Instead, they rely on outside heat sources-usually the sun-to bring their bodies up to speed. But their wings, being thin protein membranes(膜），have a limited thermal capacity. Those wings can therefore overheat quickly if the insects are exposed to the sunlight too long, or, oppositely, can cool down too rapidly if they are flying through cold air.
In their experiments, the two researchers used a laser(激光）to heat up spots on the wings of dozens of butterfly species. When the temperature of the area under the laser reached 40°C or so, the insects responded within seconds by doing things that stopped their wings heating up further. These actions included a butterfly turning around to minimize its exposure to the laser, beating its wings or simply walking away.
32. What's Dr Yu's discovery about butterfly wings
A. They contain dead tissue.
B. They are too thin to store heat.
C. They have different functions.
D. They react quickly to high heat.
33. Which of the following is True according to the text
A. Butterflies metabolize completely with its internal heat.
B. Chemicals from butterfly wings help drive away threats.
C. The color of butterfly's wings keeps fixed.
D. The researchers achieved big in optical properties.
34. How can a butterfly stop its wings overheating
A. By providing heat itself.
B. By flying through cold air.
C. By removing the source of heat.
D. By adjusting their heating surface.
35. What's the best title for the text
A. A Research into Butterfly Wings
B. The Jobs of Butterfly Wings
C. Butterfly Wings:Dead or Alive
D. Butterfly Wings' Temperature Changes
答案：
福建省龙岩市2022届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了三种生活中省钱的方法。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pay in cash中“But don’t make repeated trips to the cash - point every day, consuming randomly your hard - earned money bit by bit. Instead, make one withdrawal at the start of the week, then put your cards away and set yourself a cash budget.”（但是不要每天都去取款机，一点一点地随意花掉你辛苦赚来的钱。相反，在一周开始的时候取一次钱，然后把你的卡收起来，给自己设定一个现金预算。）可知，限制去取款机取款的次数，可以帮助省钱。故选B项。
【22题详解】
词句猜测题。根据DIY中“These enlightening ideas will transform your home and wardrobe”（这些有启发性的想法将改变你的家和衣柜）及“this can be done easily in less than an hour”（这可以在一个小时内轻松完成）可知，本段描述如何利用废旧物品重新创作为新的物品，上文的一些想法能帮助那些即使“笨手笨脚的人”一个小时内轻松完成，因此，all fingers and thumbs与careless（粗心大意的）为近义词。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cut back online shopping中“We’ve all done it, surfed the net at lunch or late at night, aimlessly dropping virtual bargains in our virtual basket and hitting the virtual checkout button.”（我们都这样做过，在午餐时间或深夜上网，漫无目的地把虚拟的便宜货扔进我们的虚拟篮子里，点击虚拟的结帐按钮。）及“But all you end up with is loads of stuff you wouldn’t otherwise have bought.”（但你最终得到的是一大堆你本来不会买的东西。）可知，漫无目的的虚拟购物会导致成堆的不想要的东西。故选D项。
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了种族平等研究员索菲亚·阿克尔发起的“免费图书运动”及其带来的影响。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Free Books Campaign was set up in July 2020 by Sofia Akel, a race equality researcher, when she decided to launch a fundraiser to get as many books as possible by authors of color to people that can’t afford them across the UK and Ireland.”（“免费图书运动”于2020年7月由种族平等研究员索菲亚·阿克尔(Sofia Akel)发起，当时她决定发起一场筹款活动，把尽可能多的有色人种作家的书送给英国和爱尔兰买不起书的人。）可知，“免费图书运动”是为有经济问题的人而建立的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““I’ve had emails from parents who weren’t aware of just how many amazing authors of color there are, and who have said how much their child lit up seeing a book that reflected them,” Sofia says.”（索菲亚说:“我收到过一些家长的电子邮件，他们不知道世界上有这么多了不起的有色人种作家，也说他们的孩子看到反映他们的书是多么兴奋。”）可知，孩子们看到与他们相关的书籍时非常高兴。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It operates on a trust basis, whereby the campaign doesn’t exist to police people’s financial circumstances.”（它是在信任的基础上运作的，因此不存在监督人们财务状况的运动。）及“Everyone deserves to read books that they love”（每个人都应该读自己喜欢的书）可知，人们可以通过展示对阅读的热爱来获得书籍。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“So far over 1, 700 books have been sent by the Campaign to people who can’t afford them, and it has even caught the attention of the footballer Marcus Rashford who donated 400 copies of his children’s book You Are a Champion.”（到目前为止，该活动已经向那些买不起书的人发送了1700多本书，甚至引起了足球运动员马库斯·拉什福德的注意，他捐赠了400本他的儿童读物《你是冠军》。）及全文内容可以推知，这项运动在某种程度上激活了阅读行为。故选D项。
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国联邦最高法院历史上第二位女性大法官鲁斯·巴德·金斯伯格的生平，她为维护妇女权益做出了许多贡献。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“She graduated first in her class at Columbia Law in 1959.(1959年，她以班里第一名的成绩从哥伦比亚大学法学院毕业)”可知，Ginsburg是法学院顶尖的学生。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Even her exceptional academic record was not enough to shelter her from the gender - based discrimination women faced in the workplace in the 1960s.(即便有着优异的学习成绩也无法躲避上世纪60年代女性在职场普遍面临的性别歧视)”及第三句“After this, she was offered some jobs at law firms, but always at a much lower salary than her male colleagues.(此后，她得到了一些律师事务所提供的工作机会，但拿到的薪水总是比男同事的少)”可知，上世纪60年代美国职场中存在着性别歧视，典型的现象就是女性的薪资水平低于男性。故选D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。浏览第三段可知，从1972年获得哥伦比亚大学终身教职到1993年成为最高法院大法官，Ginsburg的专业能力是毋庸置疑的；根据最后一段“Ginsburg began her career as a justice where she left off as an advocate fighting for women's rights. Overtime, Justice Ginsburg proved time and again that she was a force to count until her death in 2020.(Ginsburg以支持女性权益斗争开始了法官的职业生涯。岁月流逝，大法官Ginsburg一次次证实了她的重要性，直到2020年她与世长辞)”可知，Ginsburg专心于自己的事业，终身致力于维护女性权益，A选项符合Ginsburg的特点。故选A项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。总览全文可知，文章介绍了美国联邦最高法院的女性大法官Ginsburg，她为保障女性权益做出了许多贡献，B选项“一位影响深远的法律人物”较为准确地涵盖、总结了文章内容，适合作为标题。故选B项。
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一款最新设计——可以制作、烹饪菜肴的3D食物打印机。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“The design combines a multiwavelength laser cooker, roughly the size of five smart phones piled together, with a microwave - oven - sized food printer.”（该设计结合了一个多波长的激光炊具，大约有五个智能手机堆在一起的大小，还有一个微波炉大小的食物打印机。）可知，新设计不同于普通的炊具是由于其连接着一台食物打印机。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“The system uses various light wavelengths to cook in different ways: a short - waved blue laser goes deep inside meat, for example, while infrared beams brown the surface.”（该系统使用不同的光波波长以不同的方式烹饪：例如，短波蓝色激光深入肉类内部，而红外线光束则使表面变成褐色。）及本段下文内容可知，这款设计通过使用不同波长的光束来工作。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Beyond applying diverse materials and presentation patterns, this type of software - controlled setup could someday scan a QR code to automatically prepare dishes tailored to individual eating habits and dietary restrictions, Blutinger says.”（布鲁丁格说，除了应用不同材料和展示模式外，这种由软件控制的设置有一天可以扫描二维码，根据个人的饮食习惯和饮食限制自动准备菜肴。）可知，这款设计的新优势是，它的操作更灵活。故选A项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Ross notes that the design is still at a beginning stage and that many technical challenges remain, such as preventing cross pollution between layers of raw and cooked meat. Still, Ross is impressed by the device’s ability to produce foods outside the field of conventional cooking. “Is this going to be sold in shops everywhere in the next few years No,” she says. “But everyone has to start somewhere.””（ 罗斯指出，这种设计仍处于起步阶段，还存在许多技术挑战，比如防止生肉和熟肉层之间的交叉污染。不过，罗斯对该设备在传统烹饪领域之外生产食物的能力印象深刻。“在接下来的几年里，它会在所有的商店里出售吗？”不，”她说。“但每个人都必须从某个地方开始。”）可知，从Ross的话中，我们可以知道，这款设计是一个有意义的开始。故选A项。
福建省龙岩市2021届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要向游客介绍世界上最大的花展及游览建议。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tickets部分“Tickets are available on the door.（可以在门口得到票。）”可知，在入口处可以得到票，故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tips for Visiting部分“The Advisory Service offers free gardening advice to visitors.（咨询服务会免费为游客提供园艺方面的建议。）”可知，园艺方面的建议是免费的，故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Tips for Visiting部分“You could visit Hampton Court Palace on the same day but allow plenty of time as it takes 3-5 hours to visit the flower show and 1-3 hours to visit the palace.（你可以在同一天参观汉普顿皇宫，但是要花很长时间。花3小时观赏花，花1-3小时参观汉普顿皇宫。）”可知，参观花展和汉普顿皇宫需要花大量时间，所以花足够的时间可以得到一次更加愉快的参观体验，故选A项。
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北极的永久冻土正在快速融化，而食草动物有助于保护永久冻土。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中“One team of researchers thinks it may have found a possible solution: big animals, herbivores - animals that eat only plants. (一个研究小组认为，他们也许已经找到了可能的解决办法：求助大型动物，食草动物，即只吃植物的动物)”提出引进大型食草动物可以帮助解决冻土融化的问题。接着在第二段 “Back in 1996 researchers started an experiment called Pleistocene Park. (早在1996年，研究人员就开始了名为Pleistocene Park的实验)”提到这个实验。然后第三段中“One outcome is that these large herbivores help keep the ground very cold — cooler than it would otherwise be. (其中一项研究结果是，这些大型食草动物会让地面变得非常冷，比原本要冷得多)”表明实验结果。可知，文章提到Pleistocene Park这个实验，是为了证明动物对土壤温度的影响。就是因为这样的影响，引进食草动物才会有助于解决冻土融化的问题，故选D。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The snow in winter is important for soil temperature, because it acts as an insulating layer. So the air in winter, at the high latitudes, is much colder than the soil. (冬天的雪对土壤温度非常重要，因为雪起到了insulating层的作用。因此，在高纬度地区，冬天的空气比土壤冷得多) ”可知，同样环境下，空气温度比土壤温度低，说明土壤的温度被“保存”下来了，没有完全因为外界的低温而降温，也就是雪起到了隔离外界寒冷气温的影响的作用，所以insulating就是“隔离；使免受（不良影响）”，也就是“阻挡；妨碍”的意思，故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“And this works because of the animals' trampling (践踏), and this leads to less insulation of the soil against cold air temperatures and results in a cooling effect. (它们确实可以保护，因为这些动物会踩踏地面，这导致土壤对抗寒冷气温的保温性降低，从而产生冷却效应) ”可知，动物的踩踏会使地面产生冷却效应，故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段开头“The Arctic's permafrost is inciting— and fast. (北极的永久冻土正在融化，而且是快速融化)”告诉我们一个坏消息——北极冻土在加速融化。根据第一段最后“One team of researchers thinks it may have found a possible solution: big animals, herbivores - animals that eat only plants. (一个研究小组认为，他们也许已经找到了可能的解决办法：求助大型动物，食草动物，即只吃植物的动物)”可知，研究者提出可以引入大型的食草动物解决这一问题。文章接下来的段落引入了相关实验来证明了这一结论。文章最后一段用研究结果“So we can say the effect of the herbivores in the model leads to a substantial preservation of permafrost soil. (因此，我们可以说，模拟实验中食草动物的影响，可以使永久冻土大量保存)”证实了食草动物可以帮助保存冻土，所以选项D“食草动物有助于保护永久冻土”，是文章最合适的标题，故选D。
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了科学服务的诞生以及作者对于科学的态度。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“E.W. Scripps, a newspaper publisher, and William Emerson Ritter, a biologist, sensed a need for reliable news about science, devoted to truth and precision. So Science Service was born - soon to give birth to the magazine now known as Science News. (E.W. Scripps一个报纸出版商，斯克里普斯和生物学家威廉·艾默生·里特感觉到需要可靠的科学新闻，致力于真理和精确性。因此，科学服务很快诞生了，现在被称为科学新闻杂志)”可知，需要真实和精确的科学导致了科学服务的诞生。故选D。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段的“In its first year, Science Service delivered its weekly news reports to newspapers.(第一年，科学服务向报纸发表每周的新闻报道)”和“Then as now, the magazine included all flavors of science — from the atom (原子)to outer space, from agriculture to oceanography, from transportation to nutrition.(当时和现在一样，该杂志包含了各种类型的科学——从原子到外太空，从农业到海洋学，从运输到营养)”以及第五段的“In those early days, much of Science Service focused on space and new technologies, filled with various guessing and arguments. (在那些早期的日子里，许多科学都集中在空间和新技术上，充满了各种猜测和争论)”可知，4-5段主要讨论的是科学服务的内容。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It turns out that the past century's groundbreaking experimental discoveries, revolutionary theoretical revelations and prescient guessing have not removed science's familiarity with false starts, unfortunate missteps and shortsighted prejudices.(事实证明，过去一个世纪的开创性实验发现、革命性的理论揭示和有先见之明的猜测，并没有消除科学对错误开端、不幸失误和短视预谋的熟悉)”可知，作者不喜欢过去的科学。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“And the need to communicate its progress, sensed by Scripps and Ritter a century ago, remains as essential now as then.(一个世纪前，斯克里普斯和里特就意识到了传达其进步的需要，现在仍然和那时一样重要)”可知，作者认为关于科学的可靠消息应该随时都能得到。故选D。
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述以色列一家公司开发了“声音光束”的设备，不用耳机就可以传送声音。文章还介绍了这种设备的工作原理和多种用途。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“You listen to your, favorite songs, play loud computer games or watch a movie - all without other people hearing the sound. That is the possibility presented by "sound beaming,'' a new technology from Noveto Systems, an Israeli company. (你听你最喜欢的歌，玩大声的电脑游戏或看电影——所有这些都没有其他人听到的声音。这就是以色列公司Noveto系统的一项新技术“sound beaming”提供的可能性)”以及第二段中“On Friday, the company debuted (首发) a desktop device that sends sound directly to a listener without the need for headphones or a special receiver. (上周五，该公司推出了一款桌面设备，它可以直接向听众发送声音，而不需要耳机或特殊的接收器)”可知，Soundbeamer产品让听众不需要耳机就可以听到只有自己能听到的声音，也就是即便没有耳机，也能实现耳机的效果，这是这个公司提供的Soundbeamer产品的特色，故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Most people trying the technology for the first time just say, 'Wow. I really don't believe it. It sounds like a speaker, but no one else can hear it ... it's supporting you and you're in the middle of everything. It's happening around you.” (大多数第一次尝试这项技术的人都会说，“哇。我真的不相信。它听起来像是一个扬声器，但其他人却听不见任何声音……你能听到声音，并且仿佛置身情境中。声音在四周萦绕”)”可知，体验产品的人，感觉自己置身声音之中，就像一切发生在自己身边，所以他们觉得这个设备太逼真了，故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The demo (样本) version of the device included nature videos of birds on a lake, bees flying and a quiet waterway. (该设备的演示版是一段大自然的视频，能听到湖面上空的鸟鸣，蜜蜂飞行的声音和安静的流水声)”可知，这个设备的使用者可以欣赏到自然的场景，故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Its chief executive officer Christophe Ramstein said a "smaller" version of the device will be ready for release to consumers next year. (该公司首席执行官Christophe Ramstein表示，明年将向消费者推出一款“更小”的版本) ”可知，既然公司要推出尺寸更小的版本，也就是说这个设备的尺寸方面可以改进，故选B。
福建省龙岩市2020届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
21-25 BCDBA 26-30 ADBCA 31-35 ADCDC
高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
福建省龙岩市2022届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ever keen to keep you saving, we’ve come up with three more great ideas to keep money in your pockets.
Pay in cash
Pay in cash rather than stick everything on a card to worry about later — that way, money seems more ‘real’. By doing this, you can actually get a sense of what you’re spending. But don’t make repeated trips to the cash - point every day, consuming randomly your hard - earned money bit by bit. Instead, make one withdrawal at the start of the week, then put your cards away and set yourself a cash budget.
DIY
Fancy making your own bookshelves or turning a scarf into a skirt There are plenty of sites that will teach you clever new tricks with old junk, from threading a string bracelet to building your own shoe containers from recycled tins. These enlightening ideas will transform your home and wardrobe and, even if you’re usually all fingers and thumbs, this can be done easily in less than an hour. A few minutes exploring for ‘DIY crafts’ online provides plenty of cheap creative ideas.
Cut back online shopping
We’ve all done it, surfed the net at lunch or late at night, aimlessly dropping virtual bargains in our virtual basket and hitting the virtual checkout button. However, the resulting damage to your bank balance is all too real. Why do you think online retailers (零售商) keep your credit card details on file So you can just press ‘Buy’ and they’ve got your cash. Again and again. But all you end up with is loads of stuff you wouldn’t otherwise have bought. If you’re tempted (诱惑), be strict, put the mouse down and ask yourself: “Do I really need this ” The answer is most probably: “No”.
21. Which of the following can help save your money
A. Visiting a bank constantly. B. Limiting visits to cash - points.
C. Surfing DIY sites for old junks. D. Relying on a card while shopping.
22. What does the underlined words in the idea of DIY mean
A. Busy. B. Careless. C. Nervous. D. Creative.
23. What may aimless virtual shopping result in
A. Saving money. B. Making a good deal.
C. Making ends meet. D. Piling up unwanted items.
B
The Free Books Campaign was set up in July 2020 by Sofia Akel, a race equality researcher, when she decided to launch a fundraiser to get as many books as possible by authors of color to people that can’t afford them across the UK and Ireland. So far over 1, 700 books have been sent by the Campaign to people who can’t afford them, and it has even caught the attention of the footballer Marcus Rashford who donated 400 copies of his children’s book You Are a Champion.
Some of the beneficiaries of the campaign include children from working class backgrounds who have not been exposed to literature from Black or Brown authors at school or at home. “I’ve had emails from parents who weren’t aware of just how many amazing authors of color there are, and who have said how much their child lit up seeing a book that reflected them,” Sofia says.
Explaining the need for the campaign, Sofia says: “Sadly, reading has become a luxury in today’s world. If you’re working two jobs just to put food on the table, having that time to sit down and read can be difficult. So, there is an element of celebration when it comes to even just finding the time to read. On top of that, the typical adult hardback book might cost you upwards of 15, which could put food on the table for a week if you were counting every penny.”
This is where the campaign hopes to step in. It operates on a trust basis, whereby the campaign doesn’t exist to police people’s financial circumstances. “No one has to prove that they’ve not got money — even if some people volunteer personal information, we never ask for it. Everyone deserves to read books that they love,” Sofia adds.
24. Who is the Free Books Campaign intended for
A. Footballers keen on charity. B. People under employment.
C. People with financial problems. D. Parents with children at school.
25. How did the benefited children feel about the books relevant to them
A. Puzzled. B. Amazed. C. Delighted. D. Surprised.
26. How can a person obtain books from the campaign
A. By joining a fundraiser. B. By proving their poverty.
C. By showing love for reading. D. By providing personal documents.
27. What can be inferred from the text
A It costs nothing to read today. B. People on the job are poor readers.
C. People save every coin to buy books. D. The campaign somehow activates reading.
C
Ruth Bader Ginsburg spent a lifetime flourishing (茁壮成长) in the face of misfortunes before being appointed a Supreme Court justice. She was born on March 15, 1933 in Brooklyn, New York. Ginsburg's mother implanted a love of education in Ginsburg through her devotion to her brother. She graduated first in her class at Columbia Law in 1959.
Even her exceptional academic record was not enough to shelter her from the gender - based discrimination women faced in the workplace in the 1960s. She had difficulties finding a job until a favorite Columbia professor directly refused to recommend any other graduates before U. S. District Judge Edmund L hired Ginsburg as a clerk for two years. After this, she was offered some jobs at law firms, but always at a much lower salary than her male colleagues. She instead took some time to pursue her other legal passion, civil procedure, choosing to join the Columbia Project on International Civil Procedure.
In 1963, she accepted a job as a professor at Rutgers University Law School. And in 1972, she became the first female professor at Columbia to earn tenure (终身职位). Ginsburg also directed the influential Women's Rights Project of the American Civil Liberties Union during the 1970s. In this position, she led the fight against gender discrimination and successfully argued six landmark cases before the U. S. Supreme Court. Ginsburg took a broad look at gender discrimination, fighting not just for the women left behind, but for the men who were discriminated against as well. Ginsburg accepted Jimmy Carter's appointment to the U. S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia in 1980. She served on the court for thirteen years until 1993, when Bill Clinton nominated (提名) her to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Ginsburg began her career as a justice where she left off as an advocate fighting for women's rights. Overtime, Justice Ginsburg proved time and again that she was a force to count until her death in 2020.
28. What can be learned about Ginsburg from the first paragraph
A. She was a successful lawyer. B. She was a top student of law.
C. She got inspired by her brother. D. She studied law due to her mother.
29. What is true about women in the workplace in the 1960s
A. They faced racial discrimination. B. They were offered legal guidance.
C. They loved to teach at a law school. D. They got less paid than male colleagues.
30. Which of the following can best describe Ginsburg
A Devoted and competent. B. Organized and tolerant.
C. Skilled and independent. D. Determined and imaginative.
31. What can be the best title for the text
A. A Promising Chief Justice B. An Influential Legal Figure
C. An Inspiring Political Power D. A Courageous Freedom Fighter
D
Tomorrow’s menus could feature items prepared with complex cooking techniques and presentation — all at the push of a button. Columbia University mechanical engineers have designed a 3 - D printer that can produce and cook dishes at the same time with details at the millimeter scale.
The design combines a multiwavelength laser (激光) cooker, roughly the size of five smart phones piled together, with a microwave - oven - sized food printer. The system uses various light wavelengths to cook in different ways: a short - waved blue laser goes deep inside meat, for example, while infrared beams (红外线光束) brown the surface. As the device’s robotic arm places fine layers of chicken puree (酱, 糊), a high - powered beam moves over them and cooks the meat — with literally laser - focused precision. Thus, users can achieve perfect results — say, a machine - made burger that varies between rare and well done in a checkerboard pattern.
“It gives you a lot more control and customization” says Jonathan Blutinger, lead author of the paper and a digital - cooking researcher at Columbia. The researchers tested only chicken for this study, but the system can work with other foods as well.
Beyond applying diverse materials and presentation patterns, this type of software - controlled setup could someday scan a QR code to automatically prepare dishes tailored to individual eating habits and dietary restrictions, Blutinger says.
The new technology is “astonishing”, says Megan Ross, a food scientist who studies 3 - D printing at Ireland’s University College Cork. Ross notes that the design is still at a beginning stage and that many technical challenges remain, such as preventing cross pollution between layers of raw and cooked meat. Still, Ross is impressed by the device’s ability to produce foods outside the field of conventional cooking. “Is this going to be sold in shops everywhere in the next few years No,” she says. “But everyone has to start somewhere.”
32. What makes the new design different from a common cooker
A. It works automatically. B. It is attached to a printer.
C. It cooks the whole of food. D. It can process various materials.
33. How does the design work
A. By customizing the dishes. B. By accessing 3 - D technology.
C. By turning the food upside down. D. By using beams of diverse wavelengths.
34. What is the new advantage of the design
A. It is more flexible to operate. B. It can process meat.
C. It avoids cross food pollution. D. It can be applied to QR code.
35. What can we infer about the design from Ross’ words
A. It makes a meaningful start. B. It will be well received soon.
C. It goes well with technology. D. It is well thought of by the public.
福建省龙岩市2021届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Inside the World's Largest Flower Show
The RI IS Hampton Court Palace Flower Show is the largest annual garden and flower show in the world. The showground covers 33 acres and most visitors stay for about 5 hours. It takes place in the grounds of Hampton Court Palace each July and is organized by the Royal Horticultural Society （RHS）.
Getting There
The nearest train station is Hampton Court. Full information of all travel options can be seen on the Getting to Hampton Court Palace page.
Tickets
Ticket prices start from 21.50.
Prices vary depending on the time and date of your visit.
Each full paying adult may bring two children aged 16 and under free of charge to the show.
Tickets are available on the door.
Opening Times
10a.m. until 7:30p.m.. It closes at 5:30p.m. on Sunday.
Tuesday and Wednesday: RHS Members only.
Official Website: www.rhs.org.uk
Tips for Visiting
● You could visit Hampton Court Palace on the same day but allow plenty of time as it takes 3-5 hours to visit the flower show and 1-3 hours to visit the palace.
● This is a temporary outdoor event on open parkland and is subject to varying weather and ground conditions. A temporary walkway is laid but it can still get pretty muddy if there's been heavy rain. Open-toed shoes and high heels arc not usually appropriate footwear.
● Left Luggage and a drugstore service arc both available on the show site.
● The Advisory Service offers free gardening advice to visitors. Check the information boards for locations.
● Plant and Product Deposit: There is a plant and product deposit service available where you leave your purchases while you enjoy the rest of your day out.
21. Where can you get the tickets
A. On the website. B. At the station.
C. At the entrance. D. In the garden.
22. What can you get for free
A. Drugs. B. Flowers.
C. Gardening advice. D. Transportation.
23. Which of the following helps to make a more enjoyable visit
A. Sparing sufficient time. B. Consulting the information desk.
C. Wearing whatever shoes they like. D. Making good use of deposit service.
B
The Arctic's permafrost is inciting— and fast. That's bad news, because these frozen soils store billions of tons of carbon, just waiting to be released. So is there a way to save the permafrost One team of researchers thinks it may have found a possible solution: big animals, herbivores - animals that eat only plants.
Back in 1996 researchers started an experiment called Pleistocene Park. They fenced in about eight square miles of land in northeast Siberia. Then they introduced different types of herbivores: reindeer, horses, bison, sheep and other large creatures.
Since then, scientists have studied these animals' effects on the ecosystem. One outcome is that these large herbivores help keep the ground very cold — cooler than it would otherwise be.
“The snow in winter is important for soil temperature, because it acts as an insulating layer. So the air in winter, at the high latitudes, is much colder than the soil." Philipp Porada, a vegetation ecologist at the University of Hamburg. "So the idea of this experiment was to introduce large herbivores — and to quantify their effects on soil temperature to see if they can actually protect permafrost soils against melting. And this works because of the animals' trampling (践踏), and this leads to less insulation of the soil against cold air temperatures and results in a cooling effect.”
Freezing air reaches the soil more easily. Porada and his colleagues realized the significance of this effect, so they pulled data from Pleistocene Park and Sweden to model what effect herbivores could have on permafrost if they lived in large numbers in the Arctic.
They found that even in a worst-case situation, some four degrees Celsius of global wanning: “These herbivores in the model reduce soil temperature substantially, by 1.7 degrees on average. And this leads to a preservation of around 80 percent of the original — today's permafrost area. Without the herbivore effect in the model, only 50 percent of the permafrost area would remain by the year 2100. So we can say the effect of the herbivores in the model leads to a substantial preservation of permafrost soil."
24. Why is the Pleistocene Park Experiment mentioned
A. To provide the past research data.
B. To share soil preservation experience.
C. To introduce a way to save permafrost.
D. To prove animals' effect on soil temperature.
25. What does the underlined word "insulating" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Covering. B. Blocking.
C. Storing. D. Freezing.
26. What does herbivores' trampling contribute to
A Cooling the ground. B. Heating the soil
C. Damaging the ground. D. Softening the soil.
27. What can be the best title for the text
A. Permafrost Is Disappearing B. Preservation of Permafrost
C. An Experiment on Herbivores D. Herbivores Help Save Permafrost
C
A century ago, people needed help to understand science. Much as they do today.
Then as now, it wasn't always easy to sort the accurate from the erroneous. Media regarded science as secondary to other mission. When science made the news, it was often confusing, or misleading.
E.W. Scripps, a newspaper publisher, and William Emerson Ritter, a biologist, sensed a need for reliable news about science, devoted to truth and precision. So Science Service was born - soon to give birth to the magazine now known as Science News.
In its first year, Science Service delivered its weekly news reports to newspapers. By 1922 they became available to the public, giving birth to Science News-Letter, the ancestor of Science News. Then as now, the magazine included all flavors of science — from the atom (原子) to outer space, from agriculture to oceanography, from transportation to nutrition.
In those early days, much of Science Service focused on space and new technologies, filled with various guessing and arguments. Much of the century's scientific future was predicted, though not all predictions aged well.
In the century since, real science has progressed to an advanced degree of wisdom, to an extent almost unimaginable to the scientists and journalists of the 1920s.
When Science Service launched its mission, astronomers were unaware of the extent of the universe. No biologist knew what DNA did. Geologists saw that Earth's continents looked like separated puzzle pieces, but declared that to be a coincidence.
Modern scientists know better. Yet somehow scientists still pursue the same questions. It turns out that the past century's groundbreaking experimental discoveries, revolutionary theoretical revelations and prescient guessing have not removed science's familiarity with false starts, unfortunate missteps and shortsighted prejudices. Researchers today have expanded the range of the reality they can explore, yet still trip through the remaining uncharted jungles of nature's facts and laws, seeking further clues to how the world works.
Science is more like it is today than it ever has been. It remains as challenging as ever to human inquiry. And the need to communicate its progress, sensed by Scripps and Ritter a century ago, remains as essential now as then.
28. What led to the birth of Science Service
A. Media's attitude to science.
B. Difficulty in defining science.
C. People's love for their mission.
D. Need for true and precise science.
29. What do Paragraphs4-5 mainly discuss
A. The content of Science Service.
B. The future of Science Service.
C. The limits to the then scientists.
D. The problems facing modem scientists.
30. What's the author's attitude towards the past science
A. Uncaring. B. Unfavorable. C. Supportive. D. Passionate.
31. What docs the author mean in the last paragraph
A. Science in the past was not real science at all.
B. People have fully grasped the nature of science.
C. Today is the best time for science development.
D. Dependable news about science should be accessible anytime.
D
Imagine a world where you move around in front of a personal computer in your own sound space. You listen to your, favorite songs, play loud computer games or watch a movie - all without other people hearing the sound. That is the possibility presented by "sound beaming,'' a new technology from Noveto Systems, an Israeli company.
On Friday, the company debuted (首发) a desktop device that sends sound directly to a listener without the need for headphones or a special receiver. No veto Systems gave The Associated Press (AP) a chance to test its SoundBeamer 1.0 before its debut. The AP's Louise Dixon writes that listening to the device is like something from a science fiction movie. The sound seems so close that it feels like it is inside your cars while also in front, above and behind them.
Noveto expects the device will have many uses. Office workers could listen to music or conference calls without others hearing. People could play a game, a movie or music without waking up others in the same room. Because the device does not use headphones, it is possible to hear other sounds in the room clearly.
The device uses a 3-D technology that finds and follows the ear position of the listener. It sends ultrasonic (超声的) waves to create sound pockets by the user's cars. Sound can be heard in stereo or 3-D. The 3-D method creates sound on all sides of the listener, the company said.
The demo (样本) version of the device included nature videos of birds on a lake, bees flying and a quiet waterway. Most people trying the technology for the first time just say, 'Wow. I really don't believe it. It sounds like a speaker, but no one else can hear it ... it's supporting you and you're in the middle of everything. It's happening around you.”
By changing a setting, the sound can follow a listener around when they move their head. It is also possible to move out of the sound beam's path and hear nothing at all.
While the idea of sound beaming is not new, Noveto was the first to launch the technology. Its chief executive officer Christophe Ramstein said a “smaller" version of the device will be ready for release to consumers next year.
32. What does the Soundbeamer Product mainly feature
A. Its various uses.
B. The application of 3-D technology.
C. An escape from other sounds around.
D. The absence of headphones for a listener.
33. How do the people on trial find the device
A. Scientific. B. Fashionable.
C. Lifelike. D. Convenient.
34. What can a user do with the device
A. Make sound pockets. B. Enjoy natural scenes.
C. Play games with friends. D. Produce a science fiction movie.
35. What will get improved about the device
A. Its original idea. B. Its present size.
C. Its positioning ability. D. Its sound effect.
福建省龙岩市2020届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four Inspiring Movies
Forrest Gump(1992)
Forrest Gump is a simple man with a low IQ but good intentions. This movie follows the fictional story in which the simple man makes his way through some of the more turbulent(动荡的）times from the 1960s through 1980s. This film took home six Oscars, inspired a"Weird Al"song, and proves that a big heart is the most important thing.
It's a Wonderful Life(1946)
No movie list would be complete without a nod to the past. Let's go with this Christmas classic, about a man with serious financial troubles who intends to commit suicide(自杀）by jumping off a bridge. His guardian angel Clarence Odbody stops him and tells him what life would have been like for those close to him had he never been born. Realizing how much he means to others, he rushes back home and all sorts of happy, inspirational, Christmassy things happen.
Dead Poet's Society(1990)
John Keating(Robin Williams)is a high school English literature teacher at a famous all-male boarding school who gets into trouble with the school administration after encouraging his students to challenge authority and think for themselves. It is certainly inspirational, if not also frustratingly
A Beautiful Mind(2001)
This movie tells the story of John Nash(Russell Crowe), a professor at Princeton, a US university, who revolutionized the field of game theory and fell into madness as a result of paranoid schizophrenia(精神分裂症）。With the love and support of his family as well as the help of medical professionals, he managed to overcome his mental illness and continued to make contributions to the
field of mathematics.
21. What can we know about It's a Wonderful Life
A. It proves a big heart important.
B. It has a happy ending.
C. It tells a story of friendship.
D. It is famous for the leading role.
22. Which film are Robin Williams 'fans more likely to watch
A. Forrest Gump.
B. It's a Wonderful Life.
C. Dead Poet's Society.
D. A Beautiful Mind.
23. At the end of A Beautiful Mind, the professor
A. became a famous expert in psychology
B. got his family's support for studying game theory
C. gained lots of experience in treating schizophrenia
D. defeated the disease and went on to pursue maths
B
In the 1970s, chemist James Lovelock and microbiologist Lynn Margulis developed the Gaia
hypothesis(盖亚假说）：all organic and inorganic components on the planet are part of one self-regulating system, working to maintain life on earth. Scientists agree that we need take significant action to control emissions(排放）。But where scientists and popular movements have thus far failed to convince the world to act, it seems that Mother Earth may have succeeded, with the never-before-seen COVID-19.
COVID-19 is estimated to have reduced carbon dioxide emission in China by a quarter. It caused factories to shut down, and slowed construction activities. Recent analysis shows a 70 percent drop in flights in February compared with January. And even getting into a car and going to a restaurant, shopping mall, or concert poses a risk of infection, which means that many people are choosing to stay at home and are consuming less, resulting in a significant reduction of their carbon
footprints.
Of course, China and the rest of the world will hope to restart normal production and consumption as soon as the virus is under control. However, some positive measures have already been taken as a result of COVID-19. As the virus is thought to originate from wildlife, Chinese authorities are revising laws and regulations regarding the country's massive wildlife trade in order to prevent future epidemics(流行病）－a win for biodiversity.
The deaths of thousands of people worldwide should also serve as a lasting reminder of the fragility of life. We humans frequently ignore or repress uncomfortable thoughts of death and extinction. We would rather get on with our lives as usual, thinking everything will somehow work out in the end. Only in the face of suffering and death are we forced to view the bigger, longer-term perspective-and this is what is needed in order to react appropriately to climate change. COVID-19 has sent alarm bells ringing throughout the world.
24. What does the author mention the Gaia hypothesis for
A. To tell the main idea of the text.
B. To introduce the topic for discussion.
C. To show the need to protect the planet.
D. To stress the importance of self-regulating system.
25. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. The unexpected benefit of COVID-19.
B. The economic influence of COVID-19.
C. The preventive measures for COVID-19.
D. The possible causes of COVID-19.
26. What does the underlined word“repress”in the last paragraph refer to
A. Control.
B. Hold.
C. Vary.
D. Test.
27. What does the writer want to tell us in the text
A. It's urgent to fight the virus.
B. The virus has caused many deaths.
C. Life is fragile in face of disasters.
D. Action is needed for climate change.
C
Screen time increases by 300 percent between the ages of l and 3 according to a recent study. In a perfect world, parents would always choose outdoor time over screen time. But for many parents, decreasing screen time isn't as simple as it sounds. That's because screens are increasingly used as an entertainment and distraction(分心）tool for kids which parents think is necessary due to a lack of quality childcare.
The United States government defines affordable childcare as care costing no more than 7 percent of a family's total income, yet more than 40 percent of families say they set aside more than 15 percent of their total income for it, according to a 2019 survey published by .
Affordable childcare in America is a dream. "Screen time is used as a last substitute for childcare for many families, "says licensed child therapist(治疗师）Katie Lear. "Particularly for parents who work from home, it can be hard to justify hiring a caregiver or paying for daycare. And yet children need to be able to keep themselves occupied during important work calls. Turning on the TV can buy the parent some valuable time during what can be a very tiring day. "
If affordable childcare wasn't just a daydream, if the system we have wasn't dependent on two incomes, if parents could actually afford not to work 50+hours a week, if childcare centers could afford to pay their workers a desirable wage, then maybe, we'd see screen time decrease instead of increase. We know our kids should be interacting with something other than You Tube videos and flash games for hours a week. But before we fix our broken system and before affordable, quality childcare becomes a reality, parents and caregivers are going to do whatever they can to make it, and that includes using screens as passive childcare.
28. Why do parents allow their children to spend much time on screens
A. To please their children.
B. To make up the lack of quality childcare.
C. To attract kids' attention to classes online.
D. To help children learn about necessary technology.
29. What do the statistics in Paragraph 2 indicate
A. Childcare workers have high income.
B. Childcare centers are popular in America.
C. Childcare is a heavy burden for parents.
D. Childcare is supported by local government.
30. Why is Lear mentioned in the text
A. To uncover the reason for screen time as childcare.
B. To prove the advantages of adopting e-products.
C. To present the ways of parents' improving childcare.
D. To explain the benefits of hiring a caregiver.
31. What's the key in reducing children's screen time
A. Enough company time.
B. High income in the family.
C. Turning off the TV.
D. Hiring a caregiver.
D
A butterfly's wings can have many jobs besides keeping the insect in the air. They may be called on to attract mates, to warn potential enemies to stay away, to do other animals or even to provide disguise(伪装）。
All of these roles, though, depend on their colouration-which is unchanging. This plays into the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like a bird's feathers or a mammal's hair. In fact, that is not true. For example, in some species males' wings harbour special cells that release chemicals which attract females.
Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Columbia University, in New York, has been looking into the matter. One of his interests is the optical(光学的）properties of biological materials. That has led him to study butterfly wings in more detail. And, in cooperation with Naomi Pierce, a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has now shown, in a paper published this week in Nature Communications, that butterfly wings are, indeed, very much alive.
Initially, Dr Yu and Dr Pierce wanted to know how the insects keep their body temperatures up
without their wings overheating. Unlike birds and mammals, butterflies do not produce enough internal heat to metabolize(新陈代谢）。Instead, they rely on outside heat sources-usually the sun-to bring their bodies up to speed. But their wings, being thin protein membranes(膜），have a limited thermal capacity. Those wings can therefore overheat quickly if the insects are exposed to the sunlight too long, or, oppositely, can cool down too rapidly if they are flying through cold air.
In their experiments, the two researchers used a laser(激光）to heat up spots on the wings of dozens of butterfly species. When the temperature of the area under the laser reached 40°C or so, the insects responded within seconds by doing things that stopped their wings heating up further. These actions included a butterfly turning around to minimize its exposure to the laser, beating its wings or simply walking away.
32. What's Dr Yu's discovery about butterfly wings
A. They contain dead tissue.
B. They are too thin to store heat.
C. They have different functions.
D. They react quickly to high heat.
33. Which of the following is True according to the text
A. Butterflies metabolize completely with its internal heat.
B. Chemicals from butterfly wings help drive away threats.
C. The color of butterfly's wings keeps fixed.
D. The researchers achieved big in optical properties.
34. How can a butterfly stop its wings overheating
A. By providing heat itself.
B. By flying through cold air.
C. By removing the source of heat.
D. By adjusting their heating surface.
35. What's the best title for the text
A. A Research into Butterfly Wings
B. The Jobs of Butterfly Wings
C. Butterfly Wings:Dead or Alive
D. Butterfly Wings' Temperature Changes
答案：
福建省龙岩市2022届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了三种生活中省钱的方法。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pay in cash中“But don’t make repeated trips to the cash - point every day, consuming randomly your hard - earned money bit by bit. Instead, make one withdrawal at the start of the week, then put your cards away and set yourself a cash budget.”（但是不要每天都去取款机，一点一点地随意花掉你辛苦赚来的钱。相反，在一周开始的时候取一次钱，然后把你的卡收起来，给自己设定一个现金预算。）可知，限制去取款机取款的次数，可以帮助省钱。故选B项。
【22题详解】
词句猜测题。根据DIY中“These enlightening ideas will transform your home and wardrobe”（这些有启发性的想法将改变你的家和衣柜）及“this can be done easily in less than an hour”（这可以在一个小时内轻松完成）可知，本段描述如何利用废旧物品重新创作为新的物品，上文的一些想法能帮助那些即使“笨手笨脚的人”一个小时内轻松完成，因此，all fingers and thumbs与careless（粗心大意的）为近义词。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cut back online shopping中“We’ve all done it, surfed the net at lunch or late at night, aimlessly dropping virtual bargains in our virtual basket and hitting the virtual checkout button.”（我们都这样做过，在午餐时间或深夜上网，漫无目的地把虚拟的便宜货扔进我们的虚拟篮子里，点击虚拟的结帐按钮。）及“But all you end up with is loads of stuff you wouldn’t otherwise have bought.”（但你最终得到的是一大堆你本来不会买的东西。）可知，漫无目的的虚拟购物会导致成堆的不想要的东西。故选D项。
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了种族平等研究员索菲亚·阿克尔发起的“免费图书运动”及其带来的影响。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Free Books Campaign was set up in July 2020 by Sofia Akel, a race equality researcher, when she decided to launch a fundraiser to get as many books as possible by authors of color to people that can’t afford them across the UK and Ireland.”（“免费图书运动”于2020年7月由种族平等研究员索菲亚·阿克尔(Sofia Akel)发起，当时她决定发起一场筹款活动，把尽可能多的有色人种作家的书送给英国和爱尔兰买不起书的人。）可知，“免费图书运动”是为有经济问题的人而建立的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““I’ve had emails from parents who weren’t aware of just how many amazing authors of color there are, and who have said how much their child lit up seeing a book that reflected them,” Sofia says.”（索菲亚说:“我收到过一些家长的电子邮件，他们不知道世界上有这么多了不起的有色人种作家，也说他们的孩子看到反映他们的书是多么兴奋。”）可知，孩子们看到与他们相关的书籍时非常高兴。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It operates on a trust basis, whereby the campaign doesn’t exist to police people’s financial circumstances.”（它是在信任的基础上运作的，因此不存在监督人们财务状况的运动。）及“Everyone deserves to read books that they love”（每个人都应该读自己喜欢的书）可知，人们可以通过展示对阅读的热爱来获得书籍。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“So far over 1, 700 books have been sent by the Campaign to people who can’t afford them, and it has even caught the attention of the footballer Marcus Rashford who donated 400 copies of his children’s book You Are a Champion.”（到目前为止，该活动已经向那些买不起书的人发送了1700多本书，甚至引起了足球运动员马库斯·拉什福德的注意，他捐赠了400本他的儿童读物《你是冠军》。）及全文内容可以推知，这项运动在某种程度上激活了阅读行为。故选D项。
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国联邦最高法院历史上第二位女性大法官鲁斯·巴德·金斯伯格的生平，她为维护妇女权益做出了许多贡献。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“She graduated first in her class at Columbia Law in 1959.(1959年，她以班里第一名的成绩从哥伦比亚大学法学院毕业)”可知，Ginsburg是法学院顶尖的学生。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Even her exceptional academic record was not enough to shelter her from the gender - based discrimination women faced in the workplace in the 1960s.(即便有着优异的学习成绩也无法躲避上世纪60年代女性在职场普遍面临的性别歧视)”及第三句“After this, she was offered some jobs at law firms, but always at a much lower salary than her male colleagues.(此后，她得到了一些律师事务所提供的工作机会，但拿到的薪水总是比男同事的少)”可知，上世纪60年代美国职场中存在着性别歧视，典型的现象就是女性的薪资水平低于男性。故选D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。浏览第三段可知，从1972年获得哥伦比亚大学终身教职到1993年成为最高法院大法官，Ginsburg的专业能力是毋庸置疑的；根据最后一段“Ginsburg began her career as a justice where she left off as an advocate fighting for women's rights. Overtime, Justice Ginsburg proved time and again that she was a force to count until her death in 2020.(Ginsburg以支持女性权益斗争开始了法官的职业生涯。岁月流逝，大法官Ginsburg一次次证实了她的重要性，直到2020年她与世长辞)”可知，Ginsburg专心于自己的事业，终身致力于维护女性权益，A选项符合Ginsburg的特点。故选A项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。总览全文可知，文章介绍了美国联邦最高法院的女性大法官Ginsburg，她为保障女性权益做出了许多贡献，B选项“一位影响深远的法律人物”较为准确地涵盖、总结了文章内容，适合作为标题。故选B项。
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一款最新设计——可以制作、烹饪菜肴的3D食物打印机。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“The design combines a multiwavelength laser cooker, roughly the size of five smart phones piled together, with a microwave - oven - sized food printer.”（该设计结合了一个多波长的激光炊具，大约有五个智能手机堆在一起的大小，还有一个微波炉大小的食物打印机。）可知，新设计不同于普通的炊具是由于其连接着一台食物打印机。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“The system uses various light wavelengths to cook in different ways: a short - waved blue laser goes deep inside meat, for example, while infrared beams brown the surface.”（该系统使用不同的光波波长以不同的方式烹饪：例如，短波蓝色激光深入肉类内部，而红外线光束则使表面变成褐色。）及本段下文内容可知，这款设计通过使用不同波长的光束来工作。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Beyond applying diverse materials and presentation patterns, this type of software - controlled setup could someday scan a QR code to automatically prepare dishes tailored to individual eating habits and dietary restrictions, Blutinger says.”（布鲁丁格说，除了应用不同材料和展示模式外，这种由软件控制的设置有一天可以扫描二维码，根据个人的饮食习惯和饮食限制自动准备菜肴。）可知，这款设计的新优势是，它的操作更灵活。故选A项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Ross notes that the design is still at a beginning stage and that many technical challenges remain, such as preventing cross pollution between layers of raw and cooked meat. Still, Ross is impressed by the device’s ability to produce foods outside the field of conventional cooking. “Is this going to be sold in shops everywhere in the next few years No,” she says. “But everyone has to start somewhere.””（ 罗斯指出，这种设计仍处于起步阶段，还存在许多技术挑战，比如防止生肉和熟肉层之间的交叉污染。不过，罗斯对该设备在传统烹饪领域之外生产食物的能力印象深刻。“在接下来的几年里，它会在所有的商店里出售吗？”不，”她说。“但每个人都必须从某个地方开始。”）可知，从Ross的话中，我们可以知道，这款设计是一个有意义的开始。故选A项。
福建省龙岩市2021届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要向游客介绍世界上最大的花展及游览建议。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tickets部分“Tickets are available on the door.（可以在门口得到票。）”可知，在入口处可以得到票，故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tips for Visiting部分“The Advisory Service offers free gardening advice to visitors.（咨询服务会免费为游客提供园艺方面的建议。）”可知，园艺方面的建议是免费的，故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Tips for Visiting部分“You could visit Hampton Court Palace on the same day but allow plenty of time as it takes 3-5 hours to visit the flower show and 1-3 hours to visit the palace.（你可以在同一天参观汉普顿皇宫，但是要花很长时间。花3小时观赏花，花1-3小时参观汉普顿皇宫。）”可知，参观花展和汉普顿皇宫需要花大量时间，所以花足够的时间可以得到一次更加愉快的参观体验，故选A项。
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北极的永久冻土正在快速融化，而食草动物有助于保护永久冻土。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中“One team of researchers thinks it may have found a possible solution: big animals, herbivores - animals that eat only plants. (一个研究小组认为，他们也许已经找到了可能的解决办法：求助大型动物，食草动物，即只吃植物的动物)”提出引进大型食草动物可以帮助解决冻土融化的问题。接着在第二段 “Back in 1996 researchers started an experiment called Pleistocene Park. (早在1996年，研究人员就开始了名为Pleistocene Park的实验)”提到这个实验。然后第三段中“One outcome is that these large herbivores help keep the ground very cold — cooler than it would otherwise be. (其中一项研究结果是，这些大型食草动物会让地面变得非常冷，比原本要冷得多)”表明实验结果。可知，文章提到Pleistocene Park这个实验，是为了证明动物对土壤温度的影响。就是因为这样的影响，引进食草动物才会有助于解决冻土融化的问题，故选D。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The snow in winter is important for soil temperature, because it acts as an insulating layer. So the air in winter, at the high latitudes, is much colder than the soil. (冬天的雪对土壤温度非常重要，因为雪起到了insulating层的作用。因此，在高纬度地区，冬天的空气比土壤冷得多) ”可知，同样环境下，空气温度比土壤温度低，说明土壤的温度被“保存”下来了，没有完全因为外界的低温而降温，也就是雪起到了隔离外界寒冷气温的影响的作用，所以insulating就是“隔离；使免受（不良影响）”，也就是“阻挡；妨碍”的意思，故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“And this works because of the animals' trampling (践踏), and this leads to less insulation of the soil against cold air temperatures and results in a cooling effect. (它们确实可以保护，因为这些动物会踩踏地面，这导致土壤对抗寒冷气温的保温性降低，从而产生冷却效应) ”可知，动物的踩踏会使地面产生冷却效应，故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段开头“The Arctic's permafrost is inciting— and fast. (北极的永久冻土正在融化，而且是快速融化)”告诉我们一个坏消息——北极冻土在加速融化。根据第一段最后“One team of researchers thinks it may have found a possible solution: big animals, herbivores - animals that eat only plants. (一个研究小组认为，他们也许已经找到了可能的解决办法：求助大型动物，食草动物，即只吃植物的动物)”可知，研究者提出可以引入大型的食草动物解决这一问题。文章接下来的段落引入了相关实验来证明了这一结论。文章最后一段用研究结果“So we can say the effect of the herbivores in the model leads to a substantial preservation of permafrost soil. (因此，我们可以说，模拟实验中食草动物的影响，可以使永久冻土大量保存)”证实了食草动物可以帮助保存冻土，所以选项D“食草动物有助于保护永久冻土”，是文章最合适的标题，故选D。
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了科学服务的诞生以及作者对于科学的态度。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“E.W. Scripps, a newspaper publisher, and William Emerson Ritter, a biologist, sensed a need for reliable news about science, devoted to truth and precision. So Science Service was born - soon to give birth to the magazine now known as Science News. (E.W. Scripps一个报纸出版商，斯克里普斯和生物学家威廉·艾默生·里特感觉到需要可靠的科学新闻，致力于真理和精确性。因此，科学服务很快诞生了，现在被称为科学新闻杂志)”可知，需要真实和精确的科学导致了科学服务的诞生。故选D。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段的“In its first year, Science Service delivered its weekly news reports to newspapers.(第一年，科学服务向报纸发表每周的新闻报道)”和“Then as now, the magazine included all flavors of science — from the atom (原子)to outer space, from agriculture to oceanography, from transportation to nutrition.(当时和现在一样，该杂志包含了各种类型的科学——从原子到外太空，从农业到海洋学，从运输到营养)”以及第五段的“In those early days, much of Science Service focused on space and new technologies, filled with various guessing and arguments. (在那些早期的日子里，许多科学都集中在空间和新技术上，充满了各种猜测和争论)”可知，4-5段主要讨论的是科学服务的内容。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It turns out that the past century's groundbreaking experimental discoveries, revolutionary theoretical revelations and prescient guessing have not removed science's familiarity with false starts, unfortunate missteps and shortsighted prejudices.(事实证明，过去一个世纪的开创性实验发现、革命性的理论揭示和有先见之明的猜测，并没有消除科学对错误开端、不幸失误和短视预谋的熟悉)”可知，作者不喜欢过去的科学。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“And the need to communicate its progress, sensed by Scripps and Ritter a century ago, remains as essential now as then.(一个世纪前，斯克里普斯和里特就意识到了传达其进步的需要，现在仍然和那时一样重要)”可知，作者认为关于科学的可靠消息应该随时都能得到。故选D。
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述以色列一家公司开发了“声音光束”的设备，不用耳机就可以传送声音。文章还介绍了这种设备的工作原理和多种用途。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“You listen to your, favorite songs, play loud computer games or watch a movie - all without other people hearing the sound. That is the possibility presented by "sound beaming,'' a new technology from Noveto Systems, an Israeli company. (你听你最喜欢的歌，玩大声的电脑游戏或看电影——所有这些都没有其他人听到的声音。这就是以色列公司Noveto系统的一项新技术“sound beaming”提供的可能性)”以及第二段中“On Friday, the company debuted (首发) a desktop device that sends sound directly to a listener without the need for headphones or a special receiver. (上周五，该公司推出了一款桌面设备，它可以直接向听众发送声音，而不需要耳机或特殊的接收器)”可知，Soundbeamer产品让听众不需要耳机就可以听到只有自己能听到的声音，也就是即便没有耳机，也能实现耳机的效果，这是这个公司提供的Soundbeamer产品的特色，故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Most people trying the technology for the first time just say, 'Wow. I really don't believe it. It sounds like a speaker, but no one else can hear it ... it's supporting you and you're in the middle of everything. It's happening around you.” (大多数第一次尝试这项技术的人都会说，“哇。我真的不相信。它听起来像是一个扬声器，但其他人却听不见任何声音……你能听到声音，并且仿佛置身情境中。声音在四周萦绕”)”可知，体验产品的人，感觉自己置身声音之中，就像一切发生在自己身边，所以他们觉得这个设备太逼真了，故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The demo (样本) version of the device included nature videos of birds on a lake, bees flying and a quiet waterway. (该设备的演示版是一段大自然的视频，能听到湖面上空的鸟鸣，蜜蜂飞行的声音和安静的流水声)”可知，这个设备的使用者可以欣赏到自然的场景，故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Its chief executive officer Christophe Ramstein said a "smaller" version of the device will be ready for release to consumers next year. (该公司首席执行官Christophe Ramstein表示，明年将向消费者推出一款“更小”的版本) ”可知，既然公司要推出尺寸更小的版本，也就是说这个设备的尺寸方面可以改进，故选B。
福建省龙岩市2020届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语试题
21-25 BCDBA 26-30 ADBCA 31-35 ADCDC