江西省南昌市2020-2022届高三三模英语试卷汇编：阅读理解专题（近三年）（含答案）
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江西省南昌市2020-2022届高三三模英语试卷汇编
阅读理解专题
江西省南昌市2022届高三三模英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
ONLINE EVENT
SPACE:YOUR QUESTIONS ANSWERED
30 March 6-7pm BST and on-demand
We're entering a new era in space exploration, where lots of questions arise. What's going on with the new race to the moon and Mars——and who will win it Is there life in the outer solar system, or on nearby exoplanets What will the newly launched James Webb Space Telescope tell about our galaxy（银河）and the wider cosmos
Join a panel of New Scientist staff as they discuss thesee questions and more in our first exclusive subscriber event of 2022—with the agenda set by you, the audience.
PANEL（专家咨询组）INCLUDES∶
Abigail Beall: New Scientist feature editor and author of The Art of Urban Astronomy
Leah Crane: New Scientist space and physics reporter
Joshua Howgego: New Scientist feature editor
Rchard Webb: Host, New Scientist executive editor
To register to watch live or on-demand and submit questions to the panel, visit /marchevent2.
You will need your 8 digit subscriber number which can be found on our customer service ard event emails.
21. What will be discussed in the online event
A. What's going on with the rocket. B. Where the border-of the galaxy is.
C. Whether life exists in outer space. D. How James Webb-created Space, Telescope.
22. Who will host the online discussion
A. Abigail Beall. B. Leah Crane. C. Joshua Howgo. D. Richard Webb.
23. What do people have to do to attend the event
A. Prepare questions. B. Enter subscriber numbers.
C. Consult customer service. D. Send an application letter.
B
In Oxford in the 1950s, there was a fantastic doctor, Alice Stewart, who was very unusual. She was unusual because she was a, woman doctor, which was pretty rare in the 1950s. She was unusual too because she was the first one to find that many children who died of cancer had had mothers who had been X-rayed when pregnant. "That finding flew in the face of conventional wisdom, which was huge enthusiasm for the cool new technology of that age, the X-ray machine.
Alice Stewart rushed to publish her preliminary findings in The Lancet in 1956. People got very excited, and there was talk of the Nobel Prize. However, it was fully 25 years before the British and American medical establishments abandoned the practice of X-raying pregnant women. The data was out there. It was open, and it was freely available, but nobody wanted to know. A child a week was dying, bat nothing changed. Openness alone can't drive change.
For 25 years Alice Stewart had a very big fight on her hands. The fact is that most of the biggest catastrophes that were witnessed rarely come from information that is secret or hidden. They come from information that is freely available and out there, but that we are willfully blind to, because we can't handle, or don't want to handle the conflict that it creates. But when we dare to break that silence, or when we dare to see, we enable ourselves and the people around us to do our very best thinking.
Open information is fantastic, and open networks are essential. But the truth won't set us free until we develop the skills and the habit and the talent and the moral courage to use it. Openness isn't the end. It's the beginning.
24. What does the underlined part "flew in the face of" in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Consist with. B. Went against. C. Resulted from. D. Referred to.
25. What can we infer about Alice's findings
A. They led to her wining the Nobel Prize.
B. They met strong objections.
C. They got recognition after publishment.
D. They quickly affected medical practice.
26. Why do people ignore open information
A. To avoid possible conflict. B. To hide their ignorance.
C. To prove their ability. D. To prevent it from spreading further.
27. What's more important in making changes according to the author
A. Open information. B. Available networks.
C. Fantastic creativity. D. Great courage.
C
Seven out of the eight planets in our solar system were named after Greek ors. Roman Gods. You're living on the only exception to that rule.
The word "earth" has roots in the Old English term "eorpe". Eorpe had multiple meanings like "soil", "dirt", "ground", "dry land" and "country". Yet the story didn't begin there. Old English is the earliest known stage of what became our modern English tongue. Used until about 1150 C. E., it evolved from a parent language that scholars call "Proto-Germanic". The German that's spoken today is part of the same linguistic family. "Earth" and "eorbe" are therefore related to the modem German word "Erde". Not only is this the German language's name for our home planet, but it can also be used to refer to dirt and soil.
Our dear Earth has relatives in-some of her languages, too. For example, there's the Old Saxon "ertha", the Old Frsian "erthe" and the-Dutch word "aarde". All these likely originate from a Proto-Germanic term that was never recorded. Nevertheless, linguists have been able to go back and reconstruct this mystery word. Spelled "ertho" in scholarly texts, it's always marked by an asterisk（星号）. This asterisk acknowledges the lack of written confirmation that the word was really used.
Nobody knows when people started using words like "Earth" or "Erde" to refer to the planet as a whole and not just the ground they walked on. Back in 1783, German astronomer Johann Elert Bode named the seventh planet from our sun "Uranus"(after a Greek god);And though Pluto is no longer considered a planet, we know that 11-year-old Venetia Burney named it in 1930. But if a single person gave planet Earth its English name, his or her identity has been lost to the sands of time.
Still, it's clear that while Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturm, Uranus and Neptune all started out as the proper names of ancient gods, "Earth" did not. That's why our planet is sometimes called" the earth" with a lowercase（小写字母）"e".
28. Which language does the word "Erde" belong to
A. Old English. B. Old Saxon. C. Modern German. D. Proto-Germanic.
29. Why is the word "ertho" usually seen with an asterisk
A. To stress its importance. B. To indicate its unconfirmed source.
C. 'To remind readers of its spelling. D. To challenge its academic value.
30. Who named our plaret "Earth"
A. Johann Elert Bode. B. Venetia Burney. C. A Greek gad. D. Nobody knows.
31. What is the text mainly about
4. The ways of naming the "earth". B. The origin of the name "earth".
C. The meanings of the word "Earth". D. The uniqueness of the name "Earth".
D
The biggest family tree of humanity to date has been bilt using genetic. data from thousands of modern and prehistoric people. The tree gives a view of 2 million years. of prehistory and evolution.
"Humans are all eventually related to each other, "says Gi MeVean at the University of Oxford. "What I’ve long wanted to do is to be able to represent the totality of what we can learn about human history through this genealogy. "
Geneticists have been reading people's entire genomes for the past two decades. McVean and his colleagues analyzed 3609 of these, almost all of which belonged to our species, Homo sapiens, except for three Neanderthals and one from the Denisovan group, which may be a subspecies of Homo sapiens or a separate species.
The team focused on bits of DNA that vary from person to person. They identified6, 412, 717 variants （变体）and tried to figure out when and where each arose. To do this, they also looked at an extra 3589 samples of ancient DNA that weren't good enough to include in the tree, but did cast light on when the variants arose.
Variants that appeared before 2, 00 years ago were most common in north-cast Africa, and the oldest 100 variants we also from there, specifically in what is now Sudan. Those oldest variants are about 2 million years old, so long predate our species, which appeared around 300, 000 years ago.
The simplistic interpretation of this is that humanity first evolved in this region, but later migrations are likely to have interfered（干涉）with the data. The tree also offers clues that people reached Papua New Guinea and the Americas tens of thousands of years earlier tan the archaeological（考古的）record implies, hinting at migrations that have yet to be discovered. But both these ideas would need to be confirmed by archaeological finds.
32. What can be expected of the biggest family tree
A. People can change genes with genetic data.
B. People can understand the function of each gene.
C. People can have a clear picture of human history.
D. People can tell the future development of mankind.
33. How did Gil's team contribute to the family tree
A. By collecting people's DNA. B. By analyzing people's genes.
C. By reading previous researches. D. By making archaeological study.
34. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell ns about the study
A. The findings. B, The treason. C. The process. D, The significance.
35. What can be learned from the last paragraph
A. Migrations have changed humans' genes.
B. Humanity may be first born in the same area.
C. Archaeological finds have proved early migrations.
D. Humans appeared in this world earlier than expected.
江西省南昌市2021届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
No matter where you go around the globe, everybody loves to celebrate. And when it comes to celebration ,festivals offer something for everyone.
Mardi Gras （New Orleans, Louisiana）
Also known as Fat Tuesday, Mardi Gras in New Orleans is a cultural event. Though the celebration
is held every year on the day before Ash Wednesday, the festivities last for months, banning in November throughout January and early February. And if you love music, check out the annual Galactic concert at the world-famous Tipitina’s on Lundi Gras （the day before Mardi Gras）.
La Tomatina （Valencia, Spain）
Launched way back in 1945, La Tomatina is one of the oldest festivals on our list. It's also easily the happiest but the messiest, coming off like the world's biggest food fight.
Legend has it that the whole thing started when some local boys joined a parade alongside musicians. The boys made the performers so angry that they tried hit the boys, and a vendor's（小摊贩）vegetable stand fell victim to the incident.
If you go, please follow some simple rules: Don't throw hard objects, squash the tomato before throwing it, stay a safe distance away rom tomato trucks, and stop in time.
Montreux Jazz Festival （Switzerland）
Founded back in 1967, Montreux is one of the oldest music festivals in the world. It*s also the second largest jazz festival, after the Montreal International Jazz Festival. That Canadian concert may attract more visitors-around 2 million annually. But Montreux benefits from its pretty location on the attractive shores of Lake Geneva. The area is particularly beautiful in late June/early July, when the festival is held.
21. When is Galactic concert held
A. On Mardi Gras. B. On Lundi Gras.
C. On Montreux Jazz Festival. D. On La Tomatina.
22. What do people do on La Tomatina
A. Punish naughty boys. B. Enjoy musicians' performance.
C. Throw tomatoes without hurting. D. Catch people who destroy tomatoes.
23. Where can you read the passage probably
A. News report. B. Academic journal.
C. Conceit brochure. D. Travel magazine.
B
Lifesaving heart operation
When Tal Golesworthy was told he needed lifesaving heart operation in 1993, he said no. Golesworthy has Marfan syndrome （马凡氏综合症）.
Back in 1993, when he was living in the west of England, his doctor told him that the aorta（主动 脉）in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidable burst unless he underwent major operation.
“They talked through the options,” says Golesworthy, “and I was not interested. The operation really didn't look attractive. " What he particularly didn't like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation, something that would prevent blood clots（血栓）but presented its own risks： "I was riding motorbikes then, and skiing, so my whole lifestyle would have been affected." By 2000, however, his condition had worsened. Realizing something had to be done. Golesworthy put his years of experience as research — and — development engineer to good use. He decided he would fix himself. "Learning new stuff and developing new ideas, that was my job," Golesworthy says.
The aorta, he thought, needed support on the outside. And wrapping something around the outside of the aorta would require a special operation. So Golesworthy subjected himself to 30 hours in an MRI scanner; used 3D printing to create a physical exact copy of the part of his heart. "Luckily, I'd done a lot of work with technical materials," he says.
Strong determination coupled with an original yet practical solution won him the support of two leading surgeons and helped him raise the money to develop his idea. In May 2004, at the age of 47, he became the guinea pig for his own invention. The operation was a success.
24. Why did Tai Golesworthy refuse the operation at first
A. A better solution was on the way.
B. He was afraid of life being affected.
C. The risk of operation tended to cause death.
D. He would like to be operated in his own way.
25. What helped Golesworthy to fix himself
A. His creative spirit. B. Regular exercise.
C. Doctors' suggestions. D. His similar experience.
26. What do the underlined words in the last paragraph “the guinea pig" refer to
A. The lovely pet. B. The important assistant.
C. The experimental subject. D. The person to raise money.
27. Which words can best describe Tai Golesworthy
A. Creative and kind. B. Strong and imaginary.
C. Devoted and generous. D. Determined and brave.
C
The team, led by Michael T. Tolley, a professor of mechanical engineering at the Jacobs School of Engineering at UC San Diego, details its findings in the Feb. 17, 2021 issue of the journal Science Robotics.
“This work represents a fundamental yet significant step towards fully-autonomous, electronics-free walking robots," said Dylan Drotman, a Ph. D. student in Tolley's research group and the paper's first author.
Applications include low-cost robots for entertainment, such as toys, and robots that can operate in environments where electronics cannot function, such as MRI machines. Soft robots are of particular interest because they easily adapt to their environment and operate safely near humans.
Most soft robots are powered by air and are controlled by electronic circuits. But this approach requires complex components like circuit boards, valves（阀门） and pumps -often outside the robot's body. These components, which make up the robot's brains and nervous system, are typically large and expensive. By contrast, the UC San Diego robot is controlled by a light-weight, low-cost system of air-powered circuits, made up of tubes and soft valves, onboard the robot itself. The robot can walk on command or in response to signals it senses from the environment.
“With our approach, you could make a very complex robotic brain," said Tolley, the study's senior author. "Our focus here was to make the simplest air-powered nervous system needed to control walking."
In the future, researchers want to improve the robot's ways to walk so it can walk on natural field and uneven surfaces. This would allow the robot to navigate over a variety of obstacles（障碍）.This would require a more complicated network of sensors and as a result a more complex air-powered system. The team will also look at how the technology could be used to create robots, which are in part controlled by air-powered circuits for some functions, such as walking.
28. What is the achievement of the team's study
A. Their robots can walk a huge step.
B. Their robots work following commands.
C. Their study gets their electronics for free.
D. They find a new technique in walking robots.
29. What can the team's robots be applied to from the passage
A. Toy companies' products. B. Environmental protection.
C. Human safety. D. Factories without workers.
30. What will the researchers probably do
A. Change the way of power. B. Help robots walk as human.
C. Improve robots to avoid obstacles. D. Build a network to control robots.
31. What is the passage mainly talking about
A. The introduction to electronics-free walking robots.
B. The functions of newly-developed robots.
C. The applications of soft walking robots.
D. The ways to improve traditional robots.
D
Turtles have an unfortunate habit of eating plastic objects floating in the sea. These then cannot be broken down and digested, and may ultimately kill them.
It is widely assumed that this special liking for plastics is a matter of mistaken identity. Floating plastic bags, for instance, look similar to jellyfish, which many types of turtles love to eat. Yet lota of plastic objects that end up inside turtles are not similar to jellyfish. Joseph Pfaller of the University of Florida therefore suspects that the . smell of micro-organisms（微生物）which 81onise（聚集）floating plastic objects fools turtles to feed.
Researchers at the University of California noticed that certain chemicals, which are released into the air by micro-organism--colonised plastics, are those which many seabirds sniff to track down food. These chemicals mark good places to hunt because they indicate an abundance of the seaweed and bacteria. Since turtles are known to break the surface and sniff the air when swimming towards their feeding areas, Dr. Pfaller indicated that they are following these same chemicals, and are fooled into thinking that floating plastic objects are edible.
To test that idea, he and his colleagues set up an experiment. They arranged for 15 of the animals, each around five months old, to be exposed, in random order, to four smells delivered through a pipe to ； the air above an experimental area. The smells were： the vapour from deionised （去离子）water; the smell of turtle-feeding meal; the smell of a clean plastic bottle; and the smell of a similarly plastic bottle that had been kept in the ocean for five weeks to allow seaweed and bacteria to grow on it. Two of the smells-the smell of meal and that of five-week-old bottles-proved far more attractive to the animals than the others.
On the face of it, then, the turtles were responding to the smell of old bottles as if it were the smell of food. In an unpolluted ocean, pretty well anything which had this smell would be edible-or, at least, harmless. Unfortunately, five-week-old plastic bottles and their like are not.
32. What is most people's opinion on turtles' special habit
A. Turtles prefer jellyfish to plastics. B. Turtles enjoy the taste of plastics.
C. Turtles like being fed with plastic tools. D. Turtles choose to eat plastics for a mistake.
33. What does the underlined word “edible" in paragraph 3 mean
A. Fit to eat. B. Pleasant to smell.
C. Far to reach. D. Easy to digest.
34 What can we infer from Dr. Pfaller's research
A. Many seabirds can track the food.
B. Most animals find food through smells.
C. Two smells are especially favored by turtles.
D. The favored smell leads turtles to seek for food.
35. Why did the author mention the unpolluted ocean at last
A. To explain why the ocean is polluted.
B. To ask for people to feed turtles proper food.
C. To arouse the awareness of protecting the ocean.
D. To show his agreement on Dr. Pfaller's research.
江西省南昌市2020届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Auckland University Online Education-What to Expect
Most Auckland University (AU) online programs are 100 percent online so that students do not come to the school campus. Instead AU has designed a media-rich, easy-to-use learning environment through a Learning Management System (LMS)
Discipline (纪律)
With disciplined work habits, you are likely to succeed as an online student. It is up to you to log on to your course and meet your own deadlines.
Time Management
In order to earn competitive grades, plan on spending a minimum of 20-25 hours a week on each course. AU courses operate on a seven-week schedule, with start dates in January, March, May, July, September and November. Students are able to complete two courses per semester by taking one seven-week course at a time
Professional Connections
Many of the AU faculty (教员) who teach online have connections to industry, so the online learning environment ensures access to diverse expertise and practice. It includes an extensive network of professionals in a variety of industries.
“I work as an IT manager: And right from the very beginning, every class I took was relevant to what I was doing at work. The wide range of courses gave me a strong foundation for my career development.”
——Jim Heilman, Computer Information System graduate
Technology
It goes without saying that technology plays a vital role in online learning. You will need a high-speed Internet connection and basic computer skills. For specifics, please click here to visit our Technology page.
1. How long does it take to complete one course
A. One semester. B. Seven weeks.
C. Several mouth D. At least 20-25 hours.
2. Why is Jim Heilman mentioned
A. To set a good example.
B. To recognize an excellent graduate.
C. To prove benefits of professional connections.
D. To show effective methods of online learning.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A college website. B. An academic magazine.
C. A course brochure. D. An online advertisement.
B
Robert Vallieres hikes for miles, often three times a week, climbing the high mountains, just to get a glimpse of his beloved birds.
Many years ago, as a young engineer in the army, Vallieres was struck in the head in a task in Gulf War, which ended his military career and left him fighting for his life. He was 28 years old and battled stress, survivor’s guilt and PTSD (创伤后应激障碍). “When you’re disabled and you really can’t move too much, you’re wondering if death is nearby.” he said.
Despite his condition, Vallieres still had to be a father to his little boy-a curious child who helped jump start his love for birds.
One day, his three-year-old son noticed a bird and asked his father what kind it was. Vallieres bought a bird identification book and started learning along with his son. He bought some small telescopes and the two began observing birds together near their home in New Hampshire.
Then came another turning point. Vallieres saw an ad in the newspaper for a birding trip in New Hampshire’s White Mountains and signed up.
Now it’s his joy and renewed purpose to track and save the peregrine falcon and the bald eagle-two species nearly wiped out by the chemicals used for killing pests. It’s hard physical work for anyone, which needs patience, keen observation skills and time. But Vallieres is a natural at it, because his military training made him a perfect match, especially in reading maps and navigating.
Vallieres says not only does his volunteering help with physical fitness, but also his mental state. “To find rhythm or purpose in life besides myself,” says Vallieres, “I shouldn’t get stuck on myself but have a way out.”
4. What led to Vallieres leaving the army
A. Life failure. B. Severe injury.
C. His son. D. Love for birds.
5. How did Vallieres start his new rhythm in life
A. By climbing mountains often.
B. By buying some small telescopes.
C. By strengthening the military training.
D. By signing up for protecting birds.
6. Why is Vallieres suitable for the volunteer work
A. For his habit of reading. B. For his experience in army.
C. For his devotion to career. D. For his talent in drawing maps.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. A Volunteer’s Story of Saving Birds
B. An Inspiring Story of Self-motivation
C. A Soldier’s Story of Healing through Birds
D. A Moving Story Between a Father and His Son
C
We pick the upbeat tunes for parties and workouts, and save the low-key songs for romantic or sad moments. It’s hardly a new idea that music is mixed with our emotions. But how have our favorites changed over the decades, and what do these changes say about America’s shifting emotional landscape (景象)
Researcher E. Glenn Schellenberg set out to examine songs popular in America during the last five decades using a selection from Billboard Magazine’s Hot 100 charts, hoping to learn how emotional cues (提示) in music, such as tempo (slow to fast) and mode (major or minor key), have changed since 1960.
The most striking finding is the change in key. Songs written in a major key tend to sound warm and high-spirited, while songs in a minor key can sound darker and more melancholic (忧郁的). Over the last few decades, popular songs have switched from major to minor keys. Broadly speaking, the sound has shifted from bright and happy to something more complex. The study also finds America’s popular songs have become slower and longer. Even more interesting, is that our current favorites are more likely to be emotionally ambiguous, such as sad-sounding songs being fast or happy-sounding songs being slow.
A possible explanation for the changes is that the more contemporary music reflects the hardships that our society has gone through. However, Schellenberg believes that the steady increase in length and decrease in tempo doesn’t support the idea of growing difficulties fully because it would mean our problems have increased steadily over the last fifty years. He suggests that popular songs have become more complex over time because Americans are becoming more diverse and individualized in their musical tastes.
Though we can only guess about the specific causes of this evolution in music, Schellenberg’s initial observations have helped to open the door to research on the link between emotion and music consumption. Perhaps someday we’ll learn more of the secrets behind the music we love and the times we live in.
8. Why did Schellenberg start the study
A. To change music styles. B. To explore changes in music.
C. To select America’s favorite music. D. To examine the creation of music.
9. What can we learn from the findings
A. Older songs were often more sad-sounding.
B. Popular songs have become warmer and shorter.
C. Recent hits are likely to be longer and more complex.
D. Current favorites tend to be composed in a major key.
10. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A. The influences of the study. B. The diversity of musical tastes.
C. The causes of the music changes. D. The features of America’s society.
11. What is the author’s attitude to the study
A. Positive. B. Doubtful.
C. Disapproving. D. Ambiguous.
D
Cars produced today are essentially smartphones with wheels. For drivers, this has meant many new features: automatic braking (刹车), turn-by-turn directions, infotainment systems. But carmakers are getting much, much more; They’re constantly collecting data from our vehicles, like how much we weigh, how fast we drive, how many children we have-even financial information.
Debates around privacy often focus on companies like Facebook. But today’s connected cars-and tomorrow’s autonomous vehicles show how the commercial opportunities in collecting personal data are limitless. Your location data will allow companies to advertise to you based on where you live, work or frequently travel. Data gathered from voice-command technology could also be useful to advertisers. Data on your driving habits could be valuable to insurance companies. You may or may not choose to share your data with these services. But while you can turn off location data on your cellphone, there’s no such feature for your car.
Because of the increasing complexity of cars and the Internet of Things, data is critical to repair and service. When carmakers control the data, they can choose which service centers receive our information. They’re more likely to share our data only with their branded dealerships than with independent repair shops, which could have the edge in price and convenience.
It’s clear, because of its value-as high as $ 750 billion by 2030-carmakers are unlikely to release control of the data collected from our vehicles. Policymakers, however, have the opportunity to give drivers control-not just so that they can keep their data private but also so that they can share it with the people they want to see it. This will let car owners maintain what they’ve had for a century: the right to decide who fixes their car.
12. What can we learn about the vehicle data
A. It is available and free to all.
B. It tends to put drivers at risk.
C. It brings drivers limitless profits.
D. It offers whatever the carmakers want.
13. What does the underlined phrase “have the edge” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Be weaker. B. Be worse.
C. Be better. D. Be safer.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Car owners already have direct access to their vehicle data.
B. Drivers trade personal information for convenience.
C. Carmakers will share the vehicle data with drivers soon.
D. Laws are expected to bring the data back to drivers.
15. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Entertainment. B. Health.
C. Education. D. Science.
参考答案：
江西省南昌市2022届高三三模英语试题
21. C 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30D
31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B
江西省南昌市2021届高三三模英语试题
21.B 22.C 23.D 24.B 25.A 26.C 27.D 28.D 29.A 30.C
31.A 32.D 33.A 34.D 35.C
江西省南昌市2020届高三三模英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
本文为一篇应用文。主要介绍了奥克兰大学开设网上学习课程的基本信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Time Management这一下标题AU courses operate on a seven-week schedule(奥克兰大学课程计划为七周 )可知，完成一门课程学习的时间为七周。故此题选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Jim所说I work as an IT manager: And right from the very beginning, every class I took was relevant to what I was doing at work. The wide range of courses gave me a strong foundation for my career development.”我是一名IT经理:从一开始，我上的每一门课都与我的工作相关。多元化的课程为我的职业发展打下了坚实的基础。” 可知，在奥克兰大学学习可以学到与专业相关的知识。由此判断出，提及 Jim Heilman 的目的是为了展示与专业联系的益处 。故此题选C 。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话For specifics, please click here to visit our Technology page.(想要更多详细信息，请点击浏览我们的科技网页) 由此判断出 ，这篇文章来自一个大学网页。故此题选A。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了退伍军人Vallieres通过观察和保护鸟类，这不仅有助于他的身体健康，也有助于他的精神状态。通过这项活动，Vallieres意识到要在自己之外的生活中找到节奏或目标，突破自己的局限。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段Vallieres was struck in the head in a task in Gulf War, which ended his military career and left him fighting for his life(Vallieres在海湾战争中的一项任务中头部中弹，结束了他的军事生涯，留下了他为自己的生命而战。 )可知，Vallieres退伍的原因就是在战争中严重受伤。故此题选B.
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段Then came another turning point. Vallieres saw an ad in the newspaper for a birding trip in New Hampshire’s White Mountains and signed up.然后是另一个转折点。Vallieres在报纸上看到了一则去新罕布什尔州怀特山脉观鸟的广告，于是就报名参加了。根据第六自然段 Now it’s his joy and renewed purpose to track and save the peregrine falcon and the bald eagle-two species nearly wiped out by the chemicals used for killing pests.( 现在，追踪和拯救几乎被杀虫剂的消灭的游隼和秃鹰，这是他的快乐和新的目标。)可知Vallieres签字参加保护鸟类的活动让他开始了生活的新篇章。故此题选 D 。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句But Vallieres is a natural at it, because his military training made him a perfect match, especially in reading maps and navigating.(但 Vallieres是天生的，因为他的军事训练使他十分适合保护鸟类的任务，尤其是在阅读地图和导航方面)因此我们可以推断出他曾经在军队的经历让他十分适合这份志愿者活动。故此题选B 。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一自然段Vallieres says not only does his volunteering help with physical fitness, but also his mental state.(他的志愿服务不仅有助于身体健康，也有助于他的精神状态 )我们可以知道这篇主要就是讲了一位受伤的退伍军人通过参与保护鸟类的自愿者活动至于身体和心灵的故事。所以C项A Soldier’s Story of Healing through Birds( 一个军人通过鸟类疗伤的故事)为本文的最佳标题。故此题选C。
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文为一篇说明文。介绍了美国音乐音乐中的情感因素是怎么变化的以及变化的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段最后一句话hoping to learn how emotional cues (提示) in music, such as tempo (slow to fast) and mode (major or minor key), have changed since 1960.( 希望了解自1960年以来音乐中的情感线索是如何变化的，如节奏（从慢到快）和模式（主调或小调）)可知Schellenberg 研究的目的就是探寻音乐的情感会发生什么变化。所以Schellenberg开始这个实验的目的就是为了探索音乐的转变。故此题选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段Broadly speaking, the sound has shifted from bright and happy to something more complex. The study also finds America’s popular songs have become slower and longer.( 从广义上讲，声音已经从明亮和快乐转变为更复杂的声音。研究还发现，美国流行歌曲变得越来越慢、越来越长)可知，当下的流行音乐很复杂。同时，美国的流行乐要慢一些长一些。因此我们可以推断出当下美国的热门金曲的风格有些复杂，还有点慢和长。故此题选C 。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四自然段第一句话A possible explanation for the changes is that the more contemporary music reflects the hardships that our society has gone through. (对这些变化的一个可能的解释是，更现代的音乐反映了我们社会所经历的苦难。 )可知，这里主要是在讲音乐变化的原因，后文Schellenberg的研究结果也只是对音乐变化的另一种原因。所以我们可以推断出这段话的主要内容就是讲音乐转变的原因。故此题选C 。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一自然段Though we can only guess about the specific causes of this evolution in music, Schellenberg’s initial observations have helped to open the door to research on the link between emotion and music consumption. Perhaps someday we’ll learn more of the secrets behind the music we love and the times we live in. ( 虽然我们只能猜测这种音乐演变的具体原因，但舍伦伯格的初步观察为研究情绪与音乐消费之间的联系打开了大门。也许有一天我们会学到更多关于我们热爱的音乐和我们生活的时代背后的秘密。)可知，作者相信在未来们生活的时代背后的秘密。可以推断出作者对于研究是积极的态度。故此题选A 。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了新型智能汽车的数据安全性问题，希望通过借助法律措施来保障司机以及汽车的数据安全。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段They’re constantly collecting data from our vehicles, like how much we weigh, how fast we drive, how many children we have-even financial information. 他们不断地从我们的汽车上收集数据，比如我们的体重，我们的驾驶速度，我们有多少孩子，甚至还有财务信息。由此判断出，车辆数据中包含了许多司机的信息，这会使司机处于危险之中。故选 B项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文They’re more likely to share our data only with their branded dealerships than with independent repair shops他们更可能只与品牌经销商共享我们的数据，而不是与独立的维修店共享数据，结合后文 in price and convenience，推测独立的维修店的价格和便利性方面更有优势。have the edge“ 有优势”与be better 意思相近。故选 C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Policymakers, however, have the opportunity to give drivers control-not just so that they can keep their data private but also so that they can share it with the people they want to see it. 然而，政策制定者有机会给予司机控制权，这不仅是为了让他们可以将数据保密，还可以让他们与他们希望看到的人共享数据。由此判断出，法律有望将数据交回驾驶员手中。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。结合全文，文章介绍了新型智能汽车的数据安全性，希望通过借助法律措施来保障司机以及汽车的数据安全。推测这篇文章最有可能刊登在报纸的科学版面。故选D项。
阅读理解专题
江西省南昌市2022届高三三模英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
ONLINE EVENT
SPACE:YOUR QUESTIONS ANSWERED
30 March 6-7pm BST and on-demand
We're entering a new era in space exploration, where lots of questions arise. What's going on with the new race to the moon and Mars——and who will win it Is there life in the outer solar system, or on nearby exoplanets What will the newly launched James Webb Space Telescope tell about our galaxy（银河）and the wider cosmos
Join a panel of New Scientist staff as they discuss thesee questions and more in our first exclusive subscriber event of 2022—with the agenda set by you, the audience.
PANEL（专家咨询组）INCLUDES∶
Abigail Beall: New Scientist feature editor and author of The Art of Urban Astronomy
Leah Crane: New Scientist space and physics reporter
Joshua Howgego: New Scientist feature editor
Rchard Webb: Host, New Scientist executive editor
To register to watch live or on-demand and submit questions to the panel, visit /marchevent2.
You will need your 8 digit subscriber number which can be found on our customer service ard event emails.
21. What will be discussed in the online event
A. What's going on with the rocket. B. Where the border-of the galaxy is.
C. Whether life exists in outer space. D. How James Webb-created Space, Telescope.
22. Who will host the online discussion
A. Abigail Beall. B. Leah Crane. C. Joshua Howgo. D. Richard Webb.
23. What do people have to do to attend the event
A. Prepare questions. B. Enter subscriber numbers.
C. Consult customer service. D. Send an application letter.
B
In Oxford in the 1950s, there was a fantastic doctor, Alice Stewart, who was very unusual. She was unusual because she was a, woman doctor, which was pretty rare in the 1950s. She was unusual too because she was the first one to find that many children who died of cancer had had mothers who had been X-rayed when pregnant. "That finding flew in the face of conventional wisdom, which was huge enthusiasm for the cool new technology of that age, the X-ray machine.
Alice Stewart rushed to publish her preliminary findings in The Lancet in 1956. People got very excited, and there was talk of the Nobel Prize. However, it was fully 25 years before the British and American medical establishments abandoned the practice of X-raying pregnant women. The data was out there. It was open, and it was freely available, but nobody wanted to know. A child a week was dying, bat nothing changed. Openness alone can't drive change.
For 25 years Alice Stewart had a very big fight on her hands. The fact is that most of the biggest catastrophes that were witnessed rarely come from information that is secret or hidden. They come from information that is freely available and out there, but that we are willfully blind to, because we can't handle, or don't want to handle the conflict that it creates. But when we dare to break that silence, or when we dare to see, we enable ourselves and the people around us to do our very best thinking.
Open information is fantastic, and open networks are essential. But the truth won't set us free until we develop the skills and the habit and the talent and the moral courage to use it. Openness isn't the end. It's the beginning.
24. What does the underlined part "flew in the face of" in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Consist with. B. Went against. C. Resulted from. D. Referred to.
25. What can we infer about Alice's findings
A. They led to her wining the Nobel Prize.
B. They met strong objections.
C. They got recognition after publishment.
D. They quickly affected medical practice.
26. Why do people ignore open information
A. To avoid possible conflict. B. To hide their ignorance.
C. To prove their ability. D. To prevent it from spreading further.
27. What's more important in making changes according to the author
A. Open information. B. Available networks.
C. Fantastic creativity. D. Great courage.
C
Seven out of the eight planets in our solar system were named after Greek ors. Roman Gods. You're living on the only exception to that rule.
The word "earth" has roots in the Old English term "eorpe". Eorpe had multiple meanings like "soil", "dirt", "ground", "dry land" and "country". Yet the story didn't begin there. Old English is the earliest known stage of what became our modern English tongue. Used until about 1150 C. E., it evolved from a parent language that scholars call "Proto-Germanic". The German that's spoken today is part of the same linguistic family. "Earth" and "eorbe" are therefore related to the modem German word "Erde". Not only is this the German language's name for our home planet, but it can also be used to refer to dirt and soil.
Our dear Earth has relatives in-some of her languages, too. For example, there's the Old Saxon "ertha", the Old Frsian "erthe" and the-Dutch word "aarde". All these likely originate from a Proto-Germanic term that was never recorded. Nevertheless, linguists have been able to go back and reconstruct this mystery word. Spelled "ertho" in scholarly texts, it's always marked by an asterisk（星号）. This asterisk acknowledges the lack of written confirmation that the word was really used.
Nobody knows when people started using words like "Earth" or "Erde" to refer to the planet as a whole and not just the ground they walked on. Back in 1783, German astronomer Johann Elert Bode named the seventh planet from our sun "Uranus"(after a Greek god);And though Pluto is no longer considered a planet, we know that 11-year-old Venetia Burney named it in 1930. But if a single person gave planet Earth its English name, his or her identity has been lost to the sands of time.
Still, it's clear that while Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturm, Uranus and Neptune all started out as the proper names of ancient gods, "Earth" did not. That's why our planet is sometimes called" the earth" with a lowercase（小写字母）"e".
28. Which language does the word "Erde" belong to
A. Old English. B. Old Saxon. C. Modern German. D. Proto-Germanic.
29. Why is the word "ertho" usually seen with an asterisk
A. To stress its importance. B. To indicate its unconfirmed source.
C. 'To remind readers of its spelling. D. To challenge its academic value.
30. Who named our plaret "Earth"
A. Johann Elert Bode. B. Venetia Burney. C. A Greek gad. D. Nobody knows.
31. What is the text mainly about
4. The ways of naming the "earth". B. The origin of the name "earth".
C. The meanings of the word "Earth". D. The uniqueness of the name "Earth".
D
The biggest family tree of humanity to date has been bilt using genetic. data from thousands of modern and prehistoric people. The tree gives a view of 2 million years. of prehistory and evolution.
"Humans are all eventually related to each other, "says Gi MeVean at the University of Oxford. "What I’ve long wanted to do is to be able to represent the totality of what we can learn about human history through this genealogy. "
Geneticists have been reading people's entire genomes for the past two decades. McVean and his colleagues analyzed 3609 of these, almost all of which belonged to our species, Homo sapiens, except for three Neanderthals and one from the Denisovan group, which may be a subspecies of Homo sapiens or a separate species.
The team focused on bits of DNA that vary from person to person. They identified6, 412, 717 variants （变体）and tried to figure out when and where each arose. To do this, they also looked at an extra 3589 samples of ancient DNA that weren't good enough to include in the tree, but did cast light on when the variants arose.
Variants that appeared before 2, 00 years ago were most common in north-cast Africa, and the oldest 100 variants we also from there, specifically in what is now Sudan. Those oldest variants are about 2 million years old, so long predate our species, which appeared around 300, 000 years ago.
The simplistic interpretation of this is that humanity first evolved in this region, but later migrations are likely to have interfered（干涉）with the data. The tree also offers clues that people reached Papua New Guinea and the Americas tens of thousands of years earlier tan the archaeological（考古的）record implies, hinting at migrations that have yet to be discovered. But both these ideas would need to be confirmed by archaeological finds.
32. What can be expected of the biggest family tree
A. People can change genes with genetic data.
B. People can understand the function of each gene.
C. People can have a clear picture of human history.
D. People can tell the future development of mankind.
33. How did Gil's team contribute to the family tree
A. By collecting people's DNA. B. By analyzing people's genes.
C. By reading previous researches. D. By making archaeological study.
34. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell ns about the study
A. The findings. B, The treason. C. The process. D, The significance.
35. What can be learned from the last paragraph
A. Migrations have changed humans' genes.
B. Humanity may be first born in the same area.
C. Archaeological finds have proved early migrations.
D. Humans appeared in this world earlier than expected.
江西省南昌市2021届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
No matter where you go around the globe, everybody loves to celebrate. And when it comes to celebration ,festivals offer something for everyone.
Mardi Gras （New Orleans, Louisiana）
Also known as Fat Tuesday, Mardi Gras in New Orleans is a cultural event. Though the celebration
is held every year on the day before Ash Wednesday, the festivities last for months, banning in November throughout January and early February. And if you love music, check out the annual Galactic concert at the world-famous Tipitina’s on Lundi Gras （the day before Mardi Gras）.
La Tomatina （Valencia, Spain）
Launched way back in 1945, La Tomatina is one of the oldest festivals on our list. It's also easily the happiest but the messiest, coming off like the world's biggest food fight.
Legend has it that the whole thing started when some local boys joined a parade alongside musicians. The boys made the performers so angry that they tried hit the boys, and a vendor's（小摊贩）vegetable stand fell victim to the incident.
If you go, please follow some simple rules: Don't throw hard objects, squash the tomato before throwing it, stay a safe distance away rom tomato trucks, and stop in time.
Montreux Jazz Festival （Switzerland）
Founded back in 1967, Montreux is one of the oldest music festivals in the world. It*s also the second largest jazz festival, after the Montreal International Jazz Festival. That Canadian concert may attract more visitors-around 2 million annually. But Montreux benefits from its pretty location on the attractive shores of Lake Geneva. The area is particularly beautiful in late June/early July, when the festival is held.
21. When is Galactic concert held
A. On Mardi Gras. B. On Lundi Gras.
C. On Montreux Jazz Festival. D. On La Tomatina.
22. What do people do on La Tomatina
A. Punish naughty boys. B. Enjoy musicians' performance.
C. Throw tomatoes without hurting. D. Catch people who destroy tomatoes.
23. Where can you read the passage probably
A. News report. B. Academic journal.
C. Conceit brochure. D. Travel magazine.
B
Lifesaving heart operation
When Tal Golesworthy was told he needed lifesaving heart operation in 1993, he said no. Golesworthy has Marfan syndrome （马凡氏综合症）.
Back in 1993, when he was living in the west of England, his doctor told him that the aorta（主动 脉）in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidable burst unless he underwent major operation.
“They talked through the options,” says Golesworthy, “and I was not interested. The operation really didn't look attractive. " What he particularly didn't like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation, something that would prevent blood clots（血栓）but presented its own risks： "I was riding motorbikes then, and skiing, so my whole lifestyle would have been affected." By 2000, however, his condition had worsened. Realizing something had to be done. Golesworthy put his years of experience as research — and — development engineer to good use. He decided he would fix himself. "Learning new stuff and developing new ideas, that was my job," Golesworthy says.
The aorta, he thought, needed support on the outside. And wrapping something around the outside of the aorta would require a special operation. So Golesworthy subjected himself to 30 hours in an MRI scanner; used 3D printing to create a physical exact copy of the part of his heart. "Luckily, I'd done a lot of work with technical materials," he says.
Strong determination coupled with an original yet practical solution won him the support of two leading surgeons and helped him raise the money to develop his idea. In May 2004, at the age of 47, he became the guinea pig for his own invention. The operation was a success.
24. Why did Tai Golesworthy refuse the operation at first
A. A better solution was on the way.
B. He was afraid of life being affected.
C. The risk of operation tended to cause death.
D. He would like to be operated in his own way.
25. What helped Golesworthy to fix himself
A. His creative spirit. B. Regular exercise.
C. Doctors' suggestions. D. His similar experience.
26. What do the underlined words in the last paragraph “the guinea pig" refer to
A. The lovely pet. B. The important assistant.
C. The experimental subject. D. The person to raise money.
27. Which words can best describe Tai Golesworthy
A. Creative and kind. B. Strong and imaginary.
C. Devoted and generous. D. Determined and brave.
C
The team, led by Michael T. Tolley, a professor of mechanical engineering at the Jacobs School of Engineering at UC San Diego, details its findings in the Feb. 17, 2021 issue of the journal Science Robotics.
“This work represents a fundamental yet significant step towards fully-autonomous, electronics-free walking robots," said Dylan Drotman, a Ph. D. student in Tolley's research group and the paper's first author.
Applications include low-cost robots for entertainment, such as toys, and robots that can operate in environments where electronics cannot function, such as MRI machines. Soft robots are of particular interest because they easily adapt to their environment and operate safely near humans.
Most soft robots are powered by air and are controlled by electronic circuits. But this approach requires complex components like circuit boards, valves（阀门） and pumps -often outside the robot's body. These components, which make up the robot's brains and nervous system, are typically large and expensive. By contrast, the UC San Diego robot is controlled by a light-weight, low-cost system of air-powered circuits, made up of tubes and soft valves, onboard the robot itself. The robot can walk on command or in response to signals it senses from the environment.
“With our approach, you could make a very complex robotic brain," said Tolley, the study's senior author. "Our focus here was to make the simplest air-powered nervous system needed to control walking."
In the future, researchers want to improve the robot's ways to walk so it can walk on natural field and uneven surfaces. This would allow the robot to navigate over a variety of obstacles（障碍）.This would require a more complicated network of sensors and as a result a more complex air-powered system. The team will also look at how the technology could be used to create robots, which are in part controlled by air-powered circuits for some functions, such as walking.
28. What is the achievement of the team's study
A. Their robots can walk a huge step.
B. Their robots work following commands.
C. Their study gets their electronics for free.
D. They find a new technique in walking robots.
29. What can the team's robots be applied to from the passage
A. Toy companies' products. B. Environmental protection.
C. Human safety. D. Factories without workers.
30. What will the researchers probably do
A. Change the way of power. B. Help robots walk as human.
C. Improve robots to avoid obstacles. D. Build a network to control robots.
31. What is the passage mainly talking about
A. The introduction to electronics-free walking robots.
B. The functions of newly-developed robots.
C. The applications of soft walking robots.
D. The ways to improve traditional robots.
D
Turtles have an unfortunate habit of eating plastic objects floating in the sea. These then cannot be broken down and digested, and may ultimately kill them.
It is widely assumed that this special liking for plastics is a matter of mistaken identity. Floating plastic bags, for instance, look similar to jellyfish, which many types of turtles love to eat. Yet lota of plastic objects that end up inside turtles are not similar to jellyfish. Joseph Pfaller of the University of Florida therefore suspects that the . smell of micro-organisms（微生物）which 81onise（聚集）floating plastic objects fools turtles to feed.
Researchers at the University of California noticed that certain chemicals, which are released into the air by micro-organism--colonised plastics, are those which many seabirds sniff to track down food. These chemicals mark good places to hunt because they indicate an abundance of the seaweed and bacteria. Since turtles are known to break the surface and sniff the air when swimming towards their feeding areas, Dr. Pfaller indicated that they are following these same chemicals, and are fooled into thinking that floating plastic objects are edible.
To test that idea, he and his colleagues set up an experiment. They arranged for 15 of the animals, each around five months old, to be exposed, in random order, to four smells delivered through a pipe to ； the air above an experimental area. The smells were： the vapour from deionised （去离子）water; the smell of turtle-feeding meal; the smell of a clean plastic bottle; and the smell of a similarly plastic bottle that had been kept in the ocean for five weeks to allow seaweed and bacteria to grow on it. Two of the smells-the smell of meal and that of five-week-old bottles-proved far more attractive to the animals than the others.
On the face of it, then, the turtles were responding to the smell of old bottles as if it were the smell of food. In an unpolluted ocean, pretty well anything which had this smell would be edible-or, at least, harmless. Unfortunately, five-week-old plastic bottles and their like are not.
32. What is most people's opinion on turtles' special habit
A. Turtles prefer jellyfish to plastics. B. Turtles enjoy the taste of plastics.
C. Turtles like being fed with plastic tools. D. Turtles choose to eat plastics for a mistake.
33. What does the underlined word “edible" in paragraph 3 mean
A. Fit to eat. B. Pleasant to smell.
C. Far to reach. D. Easy to digest.
34 What can we infer from Dr. Pfaller's research
A. Many seabirds can track the food.
B. Most animals find food through smells.
C. Two smells are especially favored by turtles.
D. The favored smell leads turtles to seek for food.
35. Why did the author mention the unpolluted ocean at last
A. To explain why the ocean is polluted.
B. To ask for people to feed turtles proper food.
C. To arouse the awareness of protecting the ocean.
D. To show his agreement on Dr. Pfaller's research.
江西省南昌市2020届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Auckland University Online Education-What to Expect
Most Auckland University (AU) online programs are 100 percent online so that students do not come to the school campus. Instead AU has designed a media-rich, easy-to-use learning environment through a Learning Management System (LMS)
Discipline (纪律)
With disciplined work habits, you are likely to succeed as an online student. It is up to you to log on to your course and meet your own deadlines.
Time Management
In order to earn competitive grades, plan on spending a minimum of 20-25 hours a week on each course. AU courses operate on a seven-week schedule, with start dates in January, March, May, July, September and November. Students are able to complete two courses per semester by taking one seven-week course at a time
Professional Connections
Many of the AU faculty (教员) who teach online have connections to industry, so the online learning environment ensures access to diverse expertise and practice. It includes an extensive network of professionals in a variety of industries.
“I work as an IT manager: And right from the very beginning, every class I took was relevant to what I was doing at work. The wide range of courses gave me a strong foundation for my career development.”
——Jim Heilman, Computer Information System graduate
Technology
It goes without saying that technology plays a vital role in online learning. You will need a high-speed Internet connection and basic computer skills. For specifics, please click here to visit our Technology page.
1. How long does it take to complete one course
A. One semester. B. Seven weeks.
C. Several mouth D. At least 20-25 hours.
2. Why is Jim Heilman mentioned
A. To set a good example.
B. To recognize an excellent graduate.
C. To prove benefits of professional connections.
D. To show effective methods of online learning.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A college website. B. An academic magazine.
C. A course brochure. D. An online advertisement.
B
Robert Vallieres hikes for miles, often three times a week, climbing the high mountains, just to get a glimpse of his beloved birds.
Many years ago, as a young engineer in the army, Vallieres was struck in the head in a task in Gulf War, which ended his military career and left him fighting for his life. He was 28 years old and battled stress, survivor’s guilt and PTSD (创伤后应激障碍). “When you’re disabled and you really can’t move too much, you’re wondering if death is nearby.” he said.
Despite his condition, Vallieres still had to be a father to his little boy-a curious child who helped jump start his love for birds.
One day, his three-year-old son noticed a bird and asked his father what kind it was. Vallieres bought a bird identification book and started learning along with his son. He bought some small telescopes and the two began observing birds together near their home in New Hampshire.
Then came another turning point. Vallieres saw an ad in the newspaper for a birding trip in New Hampshire’s White Mountains and signed up.
Now it’s his joy and renewed purpose to track and save the peregrine falcon and the bald eagle-two species nearly wiped out by the chemicals used for killing pests. It’s hard physical work for anyone, which needs patience, keen observation skills and time. But Vallieres is a natural at it, because his military training made him a perfect match, especially in reading maps and navigating.
Vallieres says not only does his volunteering help with physical fitness, but also his mental state. “To find rhythm or purpose in life besides myself,” says Vallieres, “I shouldn’t get stuck on myself but have a way out.”
4. What led to Vallieres leaving the army
A. Life failure. B. Severe injury.
C. His son. D. Love for birds.
5. How did Vallieres start his new rhythm in life
A. By climbing mountains often.
B. By buying some small telescopes.
C. By strengthening the military training.
D. By signing up for protecting birds.
6. Why is Vallieres suitable for the volunteer work
A. For his habit of reading. B. For his experience in army.
C. For his devotion to career. D. For his talent in drawing maps.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. A Volunteer’s Story of Saving Birds
B. An Inspiring Story of Self-motivation
C. A Soldier’s Story of Healing through Birds
D. A Moving Story Between a Father and His Son
C
We pick the upbeat tunes for parties and workouts, and save the low-key songs for romantic or sad moments. It’s hardly a new idea that music is mixed with our emotions. But how have our favorites changed over the decades, and what do these changes say about America’s shifting emotional landscape (景象)
Researcher E. Glenn Schellenberg set out to examine songs popular in America during the last five decades using a selection from Billboard Magazine’s Hot 100 charts, hoping to learn how emotional cues (提示) in music, such as tempo (slow to fast) and mode (major or minor key), have changed since 1960.
The most striking finding is the change in key. Songs written in a major key tend to sound warm and high-spirited, while songs in a minor key can sound darker and more melancholic (忧郁的). Over the last few decades, popular songs have switched from major to minor keys. Broadly speaking, the sound has shifted from bright and happy to something more complex. The study also finds America’s popular songs have become slower and longer. Even more interesting, is that our current favorites are more likely to be emotionally ambiguous, such as sad-sounding songs being fast or happy-sounding songs being slow.
A possible explanation for the changes is that the more contemporary music reflects the hardships that our society has gone through. However, Schellenberg believes that the steady increase in length and decrease in tempo doesn’t support the idea of growing difficulties fully because it would mean our problems have increased steadily over the last fifty years. He suggests that popular songs have become more complex over time because Americans are becoming more diverse and individualized in their musical tastes.
Though we can only guess about the specific causes of this evolution in music, Schellenberg’s initial observations have helped to open the door to research on the link between emotion and music consumption. Perhaps someday we’ll learn more of the secrets behind the music we love and the times we live in.
8. Why did Schellenberg start the study
A. To change music styles. B. To explore changes in music.
C. To select America’s favorite music. D. To examine the creation of music.
9. What can we learn from the findings
A. Older songs were often more sad-sounding.
B. Popular songs have become warmer and shorter.
C. Recent hits are likely to be longer and more complex.
D. Current favorites tend to be composed in a major key.
10. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A. The influences of the study. B. The diversity of musical tastes.
C. The causes of the music changes. D. The features of America’s society.
11. What is the author’s attitude to the study
A. Positive. B. Doubtful.
C. Disapproving. D. Ambiguous.
D
Cars produced today are essentially smartphones with wheels. For drivers, this has meant many new features: automatic braking (刹车), turn-by-turn directions, infotainment systems. But carmakers are getting much, much more; They’re constantly collecting data from our vehicles, like how much we weigh, how fast we drive, how many children we have-even financial information.
Debates around privacy often focus on companies like Facebook. But today’s connected cars-and tomorrow’s autonomous vehicles show how the commercial opportunities in collecting personal data are limitless. Your location data will allow companies to advertise to you based on where you live, work or frequently travel. Data gathered from voice-command technology could also be useful to advertisers. Data on your driving habits could be valuable to insurance companies. You may or may not choose to share your data with these services. But while you can turn off location data on your cellphone, there’s no such feature for your car.
Because of the increasing complexity of cars and the Internet of Things, data is critical to repair and service. When carmakers control the data, they can choose which service centers receive our information. They’re more likely to share our data only with their branded dealerships than with independent repair shops, which could have the edge in price and convenience.
It’s clear, because of its value-as high as $ 750 billion by 2030-carmakers are unlikely to release control of the data collected from our vehicles. Policymakers, however, have the opportunity to give drivers control-not just so that they can keep their data private but also so that they can share it with the people they want to see it. This will let car owners maintain what they’ve had for a century: the right to decide who fixes their car.
12. What can we learn about the vehicle data
A. It is available and free to all.
B. It tends to put drivers at risk.
C. It brings drivers limitless profits.
D. It offers whatever the carmakers want.
13. What does the underlined phrase “have the edge” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Be weaker. B. Be worse.
C. Be better. D. Be safer.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Car owners already have direct access to their vehicle data.
B. Drivers trade personal information for convenience.
C. Carmakers will share the vehicle data with drivers soon.
D. Laws are expected to bring the data back to drivers.
15. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Entertainment. B. Health.
C. Education. D. Science.
参考答案：
江西省南昌市2022届高三三模英语试题
21. C 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30D
31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B
江西省南昌市2021届高三三模英语试题
21.B 22.C 23.D 24.B 25.A 26.C 27.D 28.D 29.A 30.C
31.A 32.D 33.A 34.D 35.C
江西省南昌市2020届高三三模英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
本文为一篇应用文。主要介绍了奥克兰大学开设网上学习课程的基本信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Time Management这一下标题AU courses operate on a seven-week schedule(奥克兰大学课程计划为七周 )可知，完成一门课程学习的时间为七周。故此题选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Jim所说I work as an IT manager: And right from the very beginning, every class I took was relevant to what I was doing at work. The wide range of courses gave me a strong foundation for my career development.”我是一名IT经理:从一开始，我上的每一门课都与我的工作相关。多元化的课程为我的职业发展打下了坚实的基础。” 可知，在奥克兰大学学习可以学到与专业相关的知识。由此判断出，提及 Jim Heilman 的目的是为了展示与专业联系的益处 。故此题选C 。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话For specifics, please click here to visit our Technology page.(想要更多详细信息，请点击浏览我们的科技网页) 由此判断出 ，这篇文章来自一个大学网页。故此题选A。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了退伍军人Vallieres通过观察和保护鸟类，这不仅有助于他的身体健康，也有助于他的精神状态。通过这项活动，Vallieres意识到要在自己之外的生活中找到节奏或目标，突破自己的局限。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段Vallieres was struck in the head in a task in Gulf War, which ended his military career and left him fighting for his life(Vallieres在海湾战争中的一项任务中头部中弹，结束了他的军事生涯，留下了他为自己的生命而战。 )可知，Vallieres退伍的原因就是在战争中严重受伤。故此题选B.
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段Then came another turning point. Vallieres saw an ad in the newspaper for a birding trip in New Hampshire’s White Mountains and signed up.然后是另一个转折点。Vallieres在报纸上看到了一则去新罕布什尔州怀特山脉观鸟的广告，于是就报名参加了。根据第六自然段 Now it’s his joy and renewed purpose to track and save the peregrine falcon and the bald eagle-two species nearly wiped out by the chemicals used for killing pests.( 现在，追踪和拯救几乎被杀虫剂的消灭的游隼和秃鹰，这是他的快乐和新的目标。)可知Vallieres签字参加保护鸟类的活动让他开始了生活的新篇章。故此题选 D 。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句But Vallieres is a natural at it, because his military training made him a perfect match, especially in reading maps and navigating.(但 Vallieres是天生的，因为他的军事训练使他十分适合保护鸟类的任务，尤其是在阅读地图和导航方面)因此我们可以推断出他曾经在军队的经历让他十分适合这份志愿者活动。故此题选B 。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一自然段Vallieres says not only does his volunteering help with physical fitness, but also his mental state.(他的志愿服务不仅有助于身体健康，也有助于他的精神状态 )我们可以知道这篇主要就是讲了一位受伤的退伍军人通过参与保护鸟类的自愿者活动至于身体和心灵的故事。所以C项A Soldier’s Story of Healing through Birds( 一个军人通过鸟类疗伤的故事)为本文的最佳标题。故此题选C。
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文为一篇说明文。介绍了美国音乐音乐中的情感因素是怎么变化的以及变化的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段最后一句话hoping to learn how emotional cues (提示) in music, such as tempo (slow to fast) and mode (major or minor key), have changed since 1960.( 希望了解自1960年以来音乐中的情感线索是如何变化的，如节奏（从慢到快）和模式（主调或小调）)可知Schellenberg 研究的目的就是探寻音乐的情感会发生什么变化。所以Schellenberg开始这个实验的目的就是为了探索音乐的转变。故此题选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段Broadly speaking, the sound has shifted from bright and happy to something more complex. The study also finds America’s popular songs have become slower and longer.( 从广义上讲，声音已经从明亮和快乐转变为更复杂的声音。研究还发现，美国流行歌曲变得越来越慢、越来越长)可知，当下的流行音乐很复杂。同时，美国的流行乐要慢一些长一些。因此我们可以推断出当下美国的热门金曲的风格有些复杂，还有点慢和长。故此题选C 。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四自然段第一句话A possible explanation for the changes is that the more contemporary music reflects the hardships that our society has gone through. (对这些变化的一个可能的解释是，更现代的音乐反映了我们社会所经历的苦难。 )可知，这里主要是在讲音乐变化的原因，后文Schellenberg的研究结果也只是对音乐变化的另一种原因。所以我们可以推断出这段话的主要内容就是讲音乐转变的原因。故此题选C 。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一自然段Though we can only guess about the specific causes of this evolution in music, Schellenberg’s initial observations have helped to open the door to research on the link between emotion and music consumption. Perhaps someday we’ll learn more of the secrets behind the music we love and the times we live in. ( 虽然我们只能猜测这种音乐演变的具体原因，但舍伦伯格的初步观察为研究情绪与音乐消费之间的联系打开了大门。也许有一天我们会学到更多关于我们热爱的音乐和我们生活的时代背后的秘密。)可知，作者相信在未来们生活的时代背后的秘密。可以推断出作者对于研究是积极的态度。故此题选A 。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了新型智能汽车的数据安全性问题，希望通过借助法律措施来保障司机以及汽车的数据安全。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段They’re constantly collecting data from our vehicles, like how much we weigh, how fast we drive, how many children we have-even financial information. 他们不断地从我们的汽车上收集数据，比如我们的体重，我们的驾驶速度，我们有多少孩子，甚至还有财务信息。由此判断出，车辆数据中包含了许多司机的信息，这会使司机处于危险之中。故选 B项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文They’re more likely to share our data only with their branded dealerships than with independent repair shops他们更可能只与品牌经销商共享我们的数据，而不是与独立的维修店共享数据，结合后文 in price and convenience，推测独立的维修店的价格和便利性方面更有优势。have the edge“ 有优势”与be better 意思相近。故选 C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Policymakers, however, have the opportunity to give drivers control-not just so that they can keep their data private but also so that they can share it with the people they want to see it. 然而，政策制定者有机会给予司机控制权，这不仅是为了让他们可以将数据保密，还可以让他们与他们希望看到的人共享数据。由此判断出，法律有望将数据交回驾驶员手中。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。结合全文，文章介绍了新型智能汽车的数据安全性，希望通过借助法律措施来保障司机以及汽车的数据安全。推测这篇文章最有可能刊登在报纸的科学版面。故选D项。