四川省凉山州2020-2022届（三年）高三三诊英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）
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四川省凉山州
2020-2022届（三年）高三三诊英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
四川省凉山州2022届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节（共15小题每小题2分满分30分）
阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.
A
Brief Introduction
Qingdao International Beer Festival has become a major event in the calendar of the beautiful city. The first festival took place back in 1991. It is now usually held once a year from the end of July to the end of August, and lasts for about one month. Qingdao is the largest beer production base in China and the festival provides a great opportunity to show-off the city's unique characteristics.
Qingdao Internationa1 Beer Town （No. 195, Hong Kong East Road） is the Festival's primary location. The area also contains a number of shops and restaurants, catering for a variety of tastes. The festival begins with the opening ceremony in this town, followed by 16 days of beer tasting, evening entertainment and drinking competitions, concluding with the final ceremony from the second weekend of August.
2021 Qingdao International Beer Festival
It is held in four venues respectively in Laoshan District, Huangdao District, Licang World Expo Park, and Jiaozhou City. Among them, the one at Golden Sand Beach Beer Square in Huangdao serves as the main venue, where a grand carnival is held during the beer festival from July 16 to August 8, 2021. Besides, visitors can enjoy the light show, art parade, and visit Qingdao Beer Museum for free.
How to reach Huangdao Venue
From City Center: Take Tunnel Bus 5, 6, 7, 8 or Tour Bus L3 and get off at Haiyun Jiayuan Station.
From Huangdao District: Take Beer Festival Special Line 6, 7 or bus 18 operated in Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Zone, and get off at Golden Sand Beach Station.
21. You can enjoy a variety of exciting activities during the festival except
A. eating competitions B. beer tasting
C. the light show D. art parade
22. Where can you participate in a carnival during the 2021 Qingdao International Beer Festival
A. the Beer Town's Center B. Laoshan District
C. Licang World Expo Park D. Golden Sand Beach Beer Square
23. In which column can you find this passage
A. Sports B. Economy C. Travel D. Culture
B
You go out for a meal and scan a QR code to order the food, but it asks for your phone number. You go back home and are asked to look into a facial recognition camera. Data collection is everywhere.
However, the personal information collected by companies can be leaked for marketing or used for communications fraud （电信诈骗）. According to a survey of 5, 458 people by the China Consumers Association, 85. 2 percent of people said they had experienced personal information leaks from applications on their smart phones. Most said they got unwanted calls or text messages afterward.
On Nov 1, the Personal Information Protection Law came into effect in China. The law has detailed rules to strengthen the protection of personal information.
The law defines personal information as any kind of information about people who are or can be identified, in electronic or other forms. So a person's name, date of birth, ID number, address and phone number are all personal information.
There are also some kinds of personal information that are regarded as “sensitive", such as fingerprints, faces, religious beliefs, medical health, financial accounts and all data relating to minors under 14.
According to the law, activities such as collecting, using, processing and trading of personal information will be strictly regulated. One key rule is that those handling personal information should inform users and get permission. For sensitive information, there are stricter rules on related activities. For example, in the case of a minor, approval from their parents is required.
Protection of personal information of online platform users is especially stressed. According to a report released in June on Internet development in China, the country has over 1 billion Internet users and 60 percent of surveyed applications had collected users' information illegally. Many apps would collect users' information even when the app was not in use. They could access the phonebook, photos, turn on the microphone and get the users' location.
For individuals, it's important to raise awareness of protecting personal information. Individuals need to fully understand the requests for personal information. If it's not necessary, don't agree. If you find that your personal data has been used illegally, you can report to consumer councils or cyberspace administrations （网络管理机构）with evidence.
24. The author intends to by the first two paragraphs.
A. tell some unwanted experiences
B. inform some personal information leaks
C. draw the readers' attention to the topic
D. warn the public against using applications
25. Which of the following is not regarded as personal information
A. A child's pet name. B. An application user's location.
C. Some old family pictures. D. All data relating to teenagers.
26. Which of the following is true according to the text
A. The Personal Information Protection Law will become effective in China.
B. Dealing with personal information without users' agreement is illegal.
C. Collecting and processing personal information should be banned.
D. For sensitive information, approval from a person's parents is required.
27. In the author's opinion, how can you avoid personal information leak
A. Enhance your consciousness of personal information and adopt effective measures.
B. Don't use the applications too often that are downloaded on your smart phone.
C. Make up false personal information in order to protect your true information.
D. Report to consumer councils or cyberspace administrations with evidence
C
If you want to understand the soul of Russia, read Fyodor Dostoyevsky, since he is “the archetype （典型）of the Russian nation”.
This year marks the 200h anniversary of the birth of the famous Russian memorative （纪念的） events including meetings and exhibitions have been held throughout this year in Russia, and around the world.
Born in Moscow in 1821, Dostoyevsky was introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and through books by Russian and foreign authors. In 1846 when he was 25, Dostoyevsky published his first novel, Poor Folk.
But four years later he was put in prison for being in a literary club that discussed banned books critical of the authorities. Then Dostoyevsky spent the next 4 years in a prison camp and another 6 years doing compulsory military service, according to The Moscow Times.
Surrounded by hardship, Dostoyevsky created extremely contradictory but profound works, exploring psychology in the political, social and spiritual turmoil （动荡）of 19h-century Russia. His most famous masterpieces include Crime and Punishment, The Brothers Karamazov, The Idiot, and Notes from the Underground.
Dostoyevsky's works have had a strong influence on the world of literature and have inspired many literary figures.
“Dostoyevsky’s novels are seething whirlpools （沸腾的漩涡）that boil and suck us in. They are composed purely and wholly of the stuff of the soul. Against our wills we are drawn in, suffocated （窒息的）, and at the same time filled with a giddy rapture （疯狂的喜悦）, ”wrote UK writer Virginia Woolf.
US writer William Faulkner once said the Russian writer was one of his main literary inspirations, alongside the Bible and Shakespeare. The book The Brothers Karamazov influenced him the most and Faulkner reread the book often.
“Like Dostoyevsky, Faulkner was interested in studying the crisis of a personality who found himself amidst crisis in society, ” wrote Faulkner expert Robert Hamblin.
To celebrate the influential writer, UNESCO has declared 2021 the Year of Dostoyevsky.
28. What can be inferred about Dostoyevsky according to this passage
A. Dostoyevsky read classics of world literature when he was very young.
B. It is known that Dostoyevsky is "the archetype of the Russian nation.
C. Dostoyevsky was put into prison for writing a book critical of the authorities.
D. Dostoyevsky is an influential psychologist of 19th-century Russia.
29. Why are Dostoyevsky's novels special to Virginia Woolf
A. Because Dostoyevsky's novels are different from other authors' works.
B. Because Dostoyevsky's novels are fascinating and bring him inspiration.
C. Because Virginia Woolf also studies the crisis of a personality like Dostoyevsky.
D. Because he thinks that Dostoyevsky is "the archetype of the Russian nation".
30. What is Faulkner's attitude toward Dostoyevsky's works
A. Curious. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Supportive.
31. What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage
A. To encourage readers to get started with literary classics.
B. To get across Russian values by exploring Dostoyevsky.
C. To introduce and memorize a great literary giant.
D. To promote several excellent novels by Dostoyevsky.
D
China deployed （部署）） a satellite on Oct 24 to carry out technological tests for space debris （残骸） management, according to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp. The spacecraft aims to demonstrate technologies to alleviate space debris.
Since the dawn of the space age in the 1950s, humans have launched thousands of rockets and sent even more satellites into orbit. Many are still there, and we are now facing an ever- increasing risk of space junk.
More than 27, 000 pieces of orbital debris, or "space junk", are tracked in space, according to NASA. Much more debris is too small to be tracked but large enough to threaten human spaceflight and robotic missions. Since a piece of debris can move faster than a speeding bullet, collisions with these tiny pieces often leave pits in many satellites, telescopes and other objects orbiting our planet.
In 2006, for example, a tiny piece of space junk collided with the International Space Station, taking a chip out of the heavily reinforced window, according to National Geographic.
Space junk is a huge threat to space missions that involve human life. "This is particularly important since careful consideration needs to be made about the orbital path of space junk before spacewalk exercises are conducted, " Joon Wayn Cheong, a satellite systems expert, told Science X, a science website.
Luckily, scientists are fully aware of the issue, and they are approaching it in different ways.
One involves using a giant net. In 2018, the UK's Surrey Space Center used a net to catch space junk in an experiment. It was the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, CNN reported. It involved targeting debris and catching it with a net and a harpoon （）.
Another solution is to use robotic arms. Clear Space 1, the European Space Agency's mission to remove space junk from orbit, is expected to launch in 2025, which will adopt robotic arms to capture the debris, BBC Science Focus Magazine reported. The mission plans to locate, capture and throw debris into the atmosphere, where it will burn up in the intense pressure and friction （摩 擦） of re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere.
32. What does the underlined word “alleviate" in paragraph l mean
A. Track. B. Increase. C. Reduce. D. Destroy.
33. What can be inferred about space junk according to the passage
A. A great many satellites orbiting the Earth don't work efficiently.
B. About 27, 000 satellites are working on the orbit of the Earth.
C. Many satellites have been damaged by speeding bullets.
D. Spacewalk exercises can be a huge threat to space junk.
34. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage （P=paragraph）
35. What would be the best title for the text
A. Achievement in aerospace B. Risks of space junk
C. Solutions to solving debris D. Space debris cleanup
四川省凉山州2021届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
The Arctic has long fascinated people across the world, so it isn’t surprising that stories of the Arctic have inspired movies and TV shows. Here are 4 of our favorite Arctic shows and movies.
Nanook of the North (1922)
It’s man against nature in this classic silent film from 1922, which tells the story of an Inuit hunter named Nanook and his family as they struggle to survive in the harsh environment of Canada’s Hudson Bay region. Although some of the scenes were staged, we see how the Inuit people live. We see how Nanook uses a harpoon (鱼叉) to hunt seals on the ice. We also see how they construct an igloo (冰屋) one block at a time into the famous icy, domed (穹顶的) structure.
Arctic (2019)
What better place for a survival story than the Arctic In the film Arctic, noted by The New York Times as “madness in a frozen wasteland”, one man must survive in the icy landscape after his plane crashes. He must fish, find water, send distress (危难) signals and build a makeshift (简易的) camp to stay alive. The film, which was shot in the cold wilderness of Iceland, shows just how tough life can be in the Arctic.
Klaus (2019)
Klaus is a family holiday film about the origins of Santa Claus, the favorite old man at Christmas. Santa is said to live in the North Pole, but in Klaus, he lives in Smeerensburg, a Norwegian settlement on the island of Svalbard. There, a young postman convinces the town’s kids to send letters to the loner woodsman named Klaus, and in return he will reward them with toys. The local Arctic culture of the Sami is also present in the film.
High Arctic Haulers (2020)
This documentary series describes a Canadian shipping firm, Groupe -Desgagnes, which supplies the isolated communities in Canada’s Arctic Archipelago. The shipping crew must be faced with sea ice and cruel weather to get to their remote destinations. The show gives an important glimpse into the difficulties of transporting goods in the far north.
1. Who survives in the Arctic after an air crash
A. An unknown man. B. Nanook.
C. Klaus. D. A shipping man.
2. Where does Santa Claus in Klaus live
A. the North Pole. B. Iceland. C. Svalbard. D. Canada.
3. Which of the following is not a film but a TV show
A. Nanook of the North. B. Arctic.
C. Klaus. D. High Arctic Haulers.
B
What springs to mind when you think of kung fu, also known as wushu Maybe the image of Shaolin monks striking fierce poses with a serious look in their eyes, or popular children’s movies like Kung Fu Panda. But do they really portray the meaning of kung fu
Recently, Laurence J. Brahm, a documentary filmmaker from the United States, explored this question in Searching for Kung Fu. In the movie, Brahm started a kung fu pilgrimage (朝圣之旅), travelling to cities in China and the US in search of the origin and value of kung fu. Brahm himself is a kung fu lover who has been devoted to the practice for more than 40 years. For him, pursuing this craft was more than a pastime. Now, Kung fu has become a daily routine for him and also the way he greets the day.
“Martial arts can help us connect our body, connect our neural system, connect our blood flow, and also help connect us into our environment to increase our awareness. Martial arts is moving meditation (冥想).” Brahm said.
Still others find additional meanings in the practice. “Chinese kung fu is full of Chinese philosophies and core values,” Hong Kong actor Bruce Leung told Xinhua. “Nonviolence is one of these values, which is shown both in the name and the practice. Wu, consists of two characters-ge, meaning “dagger-ax”, and zhi, meaning “to stop”. So, the meaning of kung fu in Chinese is the art of stopping fighting, the art of nonviolence.”
Brahm’s appreciation of kung fu is clear. He sees it as “a mirror of Chinese culture”. “Whydoes China want to be in harmony with other nations It’s part of the psychology of the Chinese people. It’s also national psychology.” Brahm told Xinhua.
Brahm also believes that today’s world urgently needs to restart equal exchanges between countries without stereotypes, and that culture and sports, such as kung fu, can serve as a great channel and platform.
4. What did Laurence J. Brahm explore in Searching for Kung Fu
A. Shaolin monks striking fierce poses.
B. The popularity of the movie Kung fu Panda.
C. The history and meaning of kung fu.
D. A Kung fu pilgrimage in China and the US.
5. In Brahm’s opinion, kung fu is _________.
A. only a pastime to kill time B. a daily routine for everyone
C. a skill to knock down others D. a useful way to stay healthy.
6. What is Bruce Leung’s attitude towards kung fu
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Doubtful.
7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A. To encourage readers to get started with kung fu.
B. To get across Chinese values by exploring kung Fu.
C. To promote excellent Chinese culture worldwide.
D. To serve as a great channel and platform
C
After two years of circling Bennu, an ancient asteroid (小行星) hundreds of millions of kilometers away, a NASA spacecraft made its way to the rocky surface and collected samples.
NASA spacecraft OSIRIS-Rex was launched in 2016 with the goal of getting samples from the asteroid. On Oct 20, 2020, it was confirmed that 60 grams of rocks had been collected, marking the biggest haul (一次性收获) from beyond the moon.
The spacecraft dropped out of its 750 meter-high orbit and took about four hours to carefully and slowly make it to just above the surface. The OSIRIS -Rex’s 3.4 meter arm, which is responsible for collecting samples, reached out and touched Bennu for about 10 seconds. During the brief touch-down, the spacecraft blasted Bennu’s surface with nitrogen (氮) gas. This stirred up dirt and rock that could then be collected by the arm’s sampling head.
The work behind this process was much trickier than expected. Before OSIRIS-Rex’s launch, data from multiple telescopes showed the asteroid’s surface looked like a beach, full of tiny particles (颗粒) that could be easily collected. However, when OSIRIS-Rex got close enough to take a close-up of Bennu, scientists were surprised by how rough it was and how large the rocks were. The rocky terrain (地形) brought unexpected risks for the spacecraft, so they had to adjust the original plan. The scientists had to add extra software to the spacecraft. Also, they extended the mission time and spent extra time creating a 3D map for Bennu’s surface.
They didn’t have a lot of room for mistakes since OSIRIS -Rex only has three bottles of nitrogen gas. Luckily, after two drills, the spacecraft managed to successfully collect over 60 grams of material.
The sample seems like a small piece of Bennu, but it is a big step for mankind. Bennu was chosen for a reason. The big, black, round, carbon -rich asteroid, which was formed about 4.5 billion years ago, witnessed the solar system’s entire history. With the sample, scientists will explore deeply in labs to find out more secrets about our solar system.
8. The 3rd paragraph is mainly developed _________.
A. by example B. by process
C. by comparison D. by statistic
9. What does the underlined word “trickier” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. more convenient. B. more necessary.
C. more challenging. D. more surprising.
10. Which of the following is true according to this passage
A. The rocky terrain brought risks for the spacecraft to adjust the original plan.
B. It is meaningful for the spacecraft to collect samples successfully from Bennu.
C. The carbon-rich asteroid must have witnessed the existence of ancient life.
D. We have found some secrets about our solar system by analyzing the sample
11. What would be the best title of this passage
A. Asteroid Investigation B. A Space Exploration
C. Making Our Way To Bennu D. Secrets About The Solar System
D
Instead of going on a trip or buying herself new clothes, Xiao Tong from Wuhan, Hubei province, chose to celebrate her senior high school graduation in a different way. She went to a beauty clinic to undergo plastic surgery on her nose. “I want to make a good impression and start my university life with a brand new look,” the 18-year-old told Changjiang Daily.
Like Xiao Tong, many young Chinese are anxious about their looks, and face themselves with cosmetic surgery. A medical beauty industry white paper by iResearch Global said 19 percent of Chinese medical beauty consumers in 2020 were aged 18 or under. Young people have cosmetic surgery for different reasons, and improving self-confidence is one of them.
Wang Fang, 18, from Beijing, felt that her eyes were too small. In 2019, after she got in university, Wang had a minor operation done on her eyelids. “Before I had the surgery, I had a negative perception of myself. Therefore, I had low self-esteem and no confidence,” Wang told Beijing Youth Daily. “The cosmetic surgery changed the situation.”
But Jiang Wenxiu of the Department of Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University in Jiangsu, held a different view. “Medical beauty apps only show how great plastic surgery can be,” Jiang told China Daily. “They leave out all the negative stuff.”
Today beauty clinics that see students as lucrative (有利可图的) plastic surgery clients are well aware that these young people are mostly short of money, so they use summer discounts, installment plans and other ways to attract their attention.
Xiao Zhen, 17 from Chengdu, Sichuan province, is one of the victims. She took out a loan of about 20,000 yuan to get cosmetic surgery. But the large sum of money became a big burden. She had to drop out of school and go to work to pay off the loan.
Besides the financial burden, some other factors also need to be considered. “Even though you have big problems with your look, you should think twice before going under the knife.” Jiang said.
12. The writer gives an example of Xiao Tong at the beginning of the passage to ________.
A. stimulate the readers’ interest
B. draw the readers’ attention to the topic
C. show the importance of plastic surgery
D. invite students to have cosmetic surgery
13. Why do many young Chinese have cosmetic surgery according to the passage
A. To celebrate high school graduation in a different way.
B. To follow the rising popularity of plastic surgery in China.
C. To avoid others’ negative perception of them in life.
D. To make them feel better and believe in themselves.
14. What can be inferred about plastic surgery
A. Young people are mostly short of money for plastic surgery.
B. Students have to take out a loan to get cosmetic surgery.
C. Promotions of cosmetic surgery don’t give a full picture.
D. A student should wait until he becomes a full adult.
15. In the next part following the last paragraph, the author would most probably discuss with the readers _________.
A. potential health risks of plastic surgery
B. a choice between inner and outer beauty
C. what kind of plastic surgery suits you
D. how to have cosmetic surgery appropriately
四川省凉山州2020届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节 （共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选岀最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.
A
There are some of history's most inspiring and great females who can be found on the pages of these novels.
Elizabeth Bennet Called "Lizzie" or “Eliza" by her family and friends, Elizabeth Bennet is the stubborn and clever heroine in Jane Austen's 1813 novel Pride and Prejudice. She's the second eldest of five daughters in the Bennet family and, like the rest of her sisters, she is expected to marry for status and money, not for love. To remain true of herself, she would rather remain single, a concept that was unheard at the time.
Nancy Drew She first appeared in 1932 but remains one of the most iconic female characters in all of literature. Created by Edward Stratemeyer, Nancy Drew isn't simply a pretty girl. Instead, the bold, physically strong, and fiercely intelligent Nancy uses her superior intelligence — not her look --- to solve a series of mysteries.
Josephine March Jo March is the second eldest daughter in the March family and is a central focus in the novel Little Woman, published by Lousia May Alcott in 1868. Jo struggles with challenges from society's expectations of how women in the 19th century should carry themselves, making her one of literature’ s most daring female characters.
Hester Prynne Recognized by some critics as one of the most important characters in female literature, Hester Prynne is the leading character in Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1850 novel, The Scarlet Letter. Married but separated by distance from her husband, Hester has an affair with a minister and becomes pregnant.
1. Why would Elizabeth Bennet rather remain single
A. She doesn't want to cheat herself. B. She doesn't want to marry for love.
C. She was the eldest daughter of the family. D. She is too clever.
2. What is Nancy Drew like
A. Kind. B. Clever. C. Outspoken. D. Proud.
3. What is the right order of the time these females appeared in novels
a. Elizabeth b. Nancy Drew c. Josephine March d. Hester Prynne
A. dcab. B. cdba. C. adbc. D. adcb.
B
Walk down any British shopping street and you will find shops with strange names. Why is the barbers called "Shearlock Combs" Why is the opticians (眼镜店)called "Eyediology" And who decided to name the butchers "Meat you there" and the fish and chip shop "The Plaice to Come" What's going on
The British love puns (双关语)----as do many other nationalities. Puns are jokes based on words that sound the same. You've probably noticed that many words in English which are spelt in different ways and have different meanings are pronounced in the same way. Think about the name of the restaurant: "plaice" is a kind of fish, so our restaurant is "the place" to eat fish. Butchers sell meat ——so we'll "meet you there" ——and opticians look after our eyes in a scientific way --- so eyed-iology (ideology) is a name that fits. Hairdressers shear (cut) your locks (hair) and comb it —— say the three words together quickly and you have the name of a famous detective. In shop titles and adverts, puns are used to get our attention.
Puns are very old. The ancient Egyptians and Romans liked to pun. Shakespeare uses many puns in his plays ——King Richard the Third (the son of York) brings "glorious summer" ——just think about a word that has the same sound as son.
Many people enjoy a good pun (pun / fun for all the family! ) —— others hate them. Puns aren't really designed to make you laugh. Here are some puns that might leave you asking for no more puns. Have you heard about the bears who voted in the North Pole Or the cheetah (猎豹) who couldn't be trusted at cards Or how about the clever little Australian animal that had lots of koalaifications or the camel with no humps (驼峰) that was called Humphrey (and so was free of humps ... ).
Puns can be funny, but they sometimes make important points. Here' s a fashion tip: "skinny genes make skinny jeans": so don't worry if your jeans don't fit --- it's your family's fault!
4. Where can you probably enjoy fish and chips, judging from the name
A. Shearlock Combs. B. Eyediology.
C. The Plaice to Come D. Meat you there.
5. Why are puns often used in shop titles and adverts
A. It's a long-established tradition.
B. They help create a relaxed atmosphere.
C. They show the products are of high quality.
D. They are good for catching people's attention.
6. How does the author make his point in the text
A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the order of time. D. By describing causes and effects.
7. What is the author' s main purpose in writing the text
A. To compare the use of puns in different countries.
B. To introduce some popular puns in Britain.
C. To stress it is important to understand puns.
D. To explain why puns are common in Britain.
C
In an ideal world, we might be able to live free from discrimination. But not this one, in which we are constantly dividing everything into “us" and “them".
This is especially true during times of fear, like now, when the novel coronavirus is spreading across China and the world. It's a time when “us" means safe and clean while “them" means infectious and risky. Or at least we'd like to believe so.
But this is actually a misbelief, which has been fueled and promoted by fear, and sadly, the media. When the outbreak first started, the term “Wuhan virus" was used in some news, creating hostility （敌意）toward people from Wuhan and Hubei as a whole. There were reports of hotels refusing to accept guests from Hubei and some hospitals denied their entry even when they needed treatment for other medical problems.
Elsewhere in the world, German magazine Der Spiegel labeled the virus on its cover as “Made in China". Australia's Herald Sun, meanwhile, printed, “China Kids Stay Home" on its front page, implying that all kids from China are carriers of the virus. It's also reported that Chinese people overseas have faced harassment （骚扰）and even violence.
This kind of misbelief is exactly why and when the World Health Organization （WHO） was trying to come up with a name for the disease, it had to be careful. “We had to find a name that did not refer to a geographical （地理的）location, an animal, an individual or group of people," said Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the WHO, on Feb 11. And COVID-19 was the final decision.
World leaders and institutes are also sharing sensible voices. "There is no place in our country for discrimination driven by fear or misinformation," Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said at a Lunar New Year celebration in Toronto on Feb 2. Cornell University also sent an email to students and faculty, saying, “We need to remember to care for one another and not make assumptions about others' symptoms or any characteristics of identity."
It's understandable that during times like this, we want to go to extreme lengths to make sure we're safe. But fear is never part of the cure. Only love and independent thinking takes you further.
8. What is the main purpose of Paragraphs 3 and 4
A. To explain what has brought about misbelief.
B. To show how some news media misled the public.
C. To compare how different countries responded to COVID --- 19.
D. To present what Chinese people overseas suffer from COVID --- 19.
9. Justin Trudeau and Cornell University are quoted in the text to .
A. show positive attitudes in face of COVID ---19
B. explain why it is important to prevent discrimination
C. describe different opinions of the influence of the virus
D. introduce measures taken by foreign countries to fight COVID---19
10. What's the attitude of the author towards "discrimination"
A. Neutral. B. Supportive. C. Opposed. D. Unconcerned.
11. What is the main idea of the passage
A. We should always be willing to care for others.
B. Fear and discrimination are as contagious as a virus.
C. We shouldn't let misinformation influence our own judgment.
D. The media should give people confidence during times of fear.
D
We say that technology is a double-edged sword -while it brings convenience, it also brings new problems. The sword of “social media” even has a gender preference in its damage: It cuts deeper into girls than boys.
Earlier studies have shown that spending too much time on social media is bad for teenagers’ mental health. Constantly watching their friends show off “perfect” lives can hurt their own self-esteem (自尊). That’s not to mention the problems caused by online shaming and bullying (霸凌).
Jean Twenge, a professor at San Diego State University in the US, recently discovered an alarming trend: Since 2010, the number of teenage girls who suffer from major depression – showing signs like self-harm and suicide (自杀) - has increased much faster than that of boys. In an article she wrote at The Conversation, Twenge said social media, again, was to blame.
For starters, girls use social media more than boys. Boys tend to spend their screen time on games, where they talk to their teammates through headphones. This counts as real human contact. Girls, however, simply type and browse through posts, which is a much more isolated (孤立的) experience. “They’re not having a real-time conversation with someone,” Mary Fristad, psychologist at The Ohio State University, told NPR.
And when it comes to online shaming, girls are also more vulnerable than boys. “Girls face more pressure about their appearance, which could be exacerbated (加重) by social media,” wrote Twenge.
Shannon McLaughlin, for example, is an 18-year-old from Blackburn College in the US. She shared with the Guardian how social media made her feel depressed. “I was constantly confronted (面对) by women with skinny bodies who were praised for the way they looked. This was only made worse by the diet fixes and skinny culture,” she said. But McLaughlin found a solution. She started volunteering with the National Citizen Service, where she made face-to-face contact with people. “It’s so easy to forget the importance of real connections when we have hundreds of people that we’re trying to impress at our fingertips,” she told the Guardian. And she hopes that others “look up from their phones and focus more on the world around them”.
12. What did Twenge find in her recent study
A. Overuse of social media harms teenagers’ mental health.
B. Social media does more harm to girls than boys.
C. Girls suffered more from bullying than boys.
D. Online shaming and bullying are to blame for teenagers’ depression.
13. Why do girls tend to feel more isolated than boys online, according to Mary Fristad
A. Girls have less real-time interaction with people.
B. Playing games allows boys to have more fun than girls.
C. Girls suffer more pressure on social media.
D. Girls usually desire more contact with others.
14. The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to“ ”.
A. adjusting oneself well B. fighting back bravely
C. being unconcerned about something D. being likely to be at risk of something
15. What does McLaughlin advise teenage girls to do
A. Ignore social media and stop following a diet.
B. Connect more with the real world.
C. Constantly take part in volunteer work.
D. Make better use of phones for socializing.
答案：
四川省凉山州2022届高三三诊英语试卷
21-23 ADC
24-27 CDBA
28-31 ABDC
32-35 CABD
四川省凉山州2021届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
四川省凉山州2020届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】
文章是记叙文，介绍了四个在小说中最鼓舞人心、最伟大的女性。
【1题详解】
细节推理题。根据Elizabeth Bennet中To remain true to herself, she would rather remain single, a concept that was unheard at the time.( 为了忠于自己，她宁愿保持单身，这在当时是闻所未闻的想法)可知，Elizabeth Bennet不想为金钱和地位结婚，不想欺骗自己，所以保持单身。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Nancy Drew中the bold, physically strong, and fiercely intelligent Nancy used her superior intelligence—not her looks—to solve a series of mysteries.( 大胆、身体强壮、聪明的南希利用她优越的智力——而不是她的外表——来解决一系列的谜团)可知Nancy Drew勇敢，强壮和聪明，clever是她的一个特征，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Elizabeth Bennet is the stubborn and clever heroine in Jane Austen's 1813 novel Pride and Prejudice 可知，Elizabeth Bennet是1813年简奥斯汀小说了的人物；根据Nancy Drew She first appeared in 1932 but remains one of the most iconic female characters in all of literature. Nancy Drew首次出现时1932年；根据Josephine March中Jo March is the second eldest daughter in the March family and is a central focus in the novel Little Women, published by Louisa May Alcott in 1868.可知 Josephine March是Louisa May Alcott在1868年出版的小说Little Women中的中心人物；根据Hester Prynne is the leading character in Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1850 novel, The Scarlet Letter.可知，Hester Prynne是1850年小说里的人物。综上，故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。
做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文章介绍了四个在小说中最鼓舞人心、最伟大的女性。
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；小题4要求按时间排序，根据文中Elizabeth Bennet is the stubborn and clever heroine from the 1813；Nancy Drew first appeared in the 1930s ；Josephine March is a central focus in the novel Little Women, published by Louisa May Alcott in 1868. Hester Prynne is the leading character in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s 1850 novel.可知每个人物出现的时间排列顺序。
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1根据Elizabeth Bennet中To remain true to herself, she would rather remain single, a concept that was unheard at the time.可知Elizabeth Bennet不想为金钱和地位结婚，不想欺骗自己，所以保持单身。小题2根据Nancy Drew中the bold, physically strong, and fiercely intelligent Nancy used her superior intelligence—not her looks—to solve a series of mysteries.可知Nancy Drew勇敢，强壮和聪明，clever是她的一个特征。小题3根据Josephine March中Jo March is the second eldest daughter in the March family and is a central focus in the novel Little Women, published by Louisa May Alcott in 1868.可知 Josephine March是Louisa May Alcott在1868年出版的小说Little Women中的中心人物。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过举例子来解释为什么“双关语”在英国是随处可见。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Think about the name of the restaurant: "plaice" is a kind of fish, so our restaurant is "the place" to eat fish.可知，从名字上看，在The Plaice to Come可以吃到炸鱼和薯条。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段In shop titles and adverts, puns are used to get our attention.可知，双关语经常用于商店标题和广告中是因为它们能够吸引人的注意。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。纵观全文，再根据第二段中Puns are jokes based on words that sound the same. You’ve probably noticed that many words in English which are spelt in different ways and have different meanings are pronounced in the same way.“双关语是基于听起来相同的单词的笑话。 你可能已经注意到，英语中的许多单词以不同的方式拼写，并且有不同的含义，它们的发音方式是相同的。”然后在下文中就举了很多具体的例子，可以推断出，作者是通过举例子在文章中表明他的观点的。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要介绍走在任何一条英国的商业街上，你都会发现名字奇怪的商店，这原来是“双关语”的结果。以及其它方面都有一些“双关语”。可知作者是通过举例子来解释为什么“双关语”在英国是随处可见的。故选D。
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文。新型冠状病毒的爆发使人们存在的偏见或者歧视，短文告诫我们不要让错误的信息影响我们的判断。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段 But this is actually a misbelief, which has been fueled and promoted by fear, and sadly, the media.但这实际上是一种误解，恐惧和悲观的媒体助长了这种误解。由此判断出，第3及第4段的主要目的是展示一些新闻媒体是如何误导公众的。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段1 句World leaders and institutes are also sharing sensible voices. “There is no place in our country for discrimination driven by fear or misinformation,We need to remember to care for one another and not make assumptions about others' symptoms or any characteristics of identity” 一些领导人和大学机构也做出了明智的/合情理的发声，“在我们国家不应有因恐惧和错误信息而导致的歧视存在”，我们需要记住互相关心，不要对他人的症状或身份特征做出假设。由此判断出文中引用了特鲁多和康奈尔大学的名言。是为了展示出面对新冠状病毒要表现出积极的态度。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据末段末2 句But fear is never part of the cure. Only love and independent thinking takes you further. 但是恐惧从来都不是治疗的一部分。只有爱和独立思考才能让你走得更远。由此判断出作者反对这种歧视的作法。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。倒数第二段1 句World leaders and institutes are also sharing sensible voices. “There is no place in our country for discrimination driven by fear or misinformation,” 在我们国家不应有因恐惧和错误信息而导致的歧视存在。还有末段末2 句But fear is never part of the cure. Only love and independent thinking takes you further. 但是恐惧从来都不是治疗的一部分。只有爱和独立思考才能让你走得更远。所以这篇文章的主旨是我们不应该让错误的信息影响我们自己的判断。故选C。
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在社交媒体方面，女孩子相对于男孩子而言面临更大的压力。研究人员发现自2010年以来，患有严重抑郁症的少女数量的增长速度远远快于男孩。文章分析了这一情况产生的原因以及呼吁青少年们更多地和真实的世界来接触。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Jean Twenge, a professor at San Diego State University in the US, recently discovered an alarming trend: Since 2010, the number of teenage girls who suffer from major depression – showing signs like self-harm and suicide - has increased much faster than that of boys. In an article she wrote at The Conversation, Twenge said social media, again, was to blame.美国圣地亚哥州立大学教授Jean Twenge最近发现了一个令人担忧的趋势：自2010年以来，患有严重抑郁症（表现出自残和自杀等症状）的少女数量的增长速度远远快于男孩，在她写的一篇文章中，Twenge说社交媒体也是罪魁祸首。可知由此可知，Twenge在她最近的研究中发现过度使用社交媒体会损害青少年的心理健康。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中Girls, however, simply type and browse through posts, which is a much more isolated experience. “They’re not having a real-time conversation with someone,” Mary Fristad, psychologist at The Ohio State University, told NPR.可知然而，女孩们只是简单地输入和浏览帖子，这是一种更加孤立的体验。俄亥俄州立大学的心理学家Mary Fristad在接受美国国家公共电台采访时表示：“他们并没有和某人进行实时对话。”由此可知，在网上，女孩比男孩更容易感到孤立是因为女孩与人的实时互动较少。故选A。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文Girls face more pressure about their appearance, which could be exacerbated by social media可知女孩们在外貌方面面临更多压力，社交媒体可能会加剧这种压力。故可推知在网络羞辱方面，女孩也比男孩更容易受到伤害。故划线单词意思为“有可能面临某事的危险”。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s so easy to forget the importance of real connections when we have hundreds of people that we’re trying to impress at our fingertips,” she told the Guardian. And she hopes that others “look up from their phones and focus more on the world around them”.可知她在接受《卫报》采访时表示：“当我们试图用指尖去打动数百人的时候，很容易忘记现实联系的重要性。”她希望其他人“放下手机，更多关注身边的世界”。由此可知，McLaughlin建议主张女孩子们需要多走进真实的世界，面对面的和人打交道。故选B。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或that's to say, such as等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第三小题，根据下文Girls face more pressure about their appearance, which could be exacerbated by social media可知女孩们在外貌方面面临更多压力，社交媒体可能会加剧这种压力。故可推知在网络羞辱方面，女孩也比男孩更容易受到伤害。故划线单词意思为“有可能面临某事的危险”。故选D。
2020-2022届（三年）高三三诊英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
四川省凉山州2022届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节（共15小题每小题2分满分30分）
阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.
A
Brief Introduction
Qingdao International Beer Festival has become a major event in the calendar of the beautiful city. The first festival took place back in 1991. It is now usually held once a year from the end of July to the end of August, and lasts for about one month. Qingdao is the largest beer production base in China and the festival provides a great opportunity to show-off the city's unique characteristics.
Qingdao Internationa1 Beer Town （No. 195, Hong Kong East Road） is the Festival's primary location. The area also contains a number of shops and restaurants, catering for a variety of tastes. The festival begins with the opening ceremony in this town, followed by 16 days of beer tasting, evening entertainment and drinking competitions, concluding with the final ceremony from the second weekend of August.
2021 Qingdao International Beer Festival
It is held in four venues respectively in Laoshan District, Huangdao District, Licang World Expo Park, and Jiaozhou City. Among them, the one at Golden Sand Beach Beer Square in Huangdao serves as the main venue, where a grand carnival is held during the beer festival from July 16 to August 8, 2021. Besides, visitors can enjoy the light show, art parade, and visit Qingdao Beer Museum for free.
How to reach Huangdao Venue
From City Center: Take Tunnel Bus 5, 6, 7, 8 or Tour Bus L3 and get off at Haiyun Jiayuan Station.
From Huangdao District: Take Beer Festival Special Line 6, 7 or bus 18 operated in Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Zone, and get off at Golden Sand Beach Station.
21. You can enjoy a variety of exciting activities during the festival except
A. eating competitions B. beer tasting
C. the light show D. art parade
22. Where can you participate in a carnival during the 2021 Qingdao International Beer Festival
A. the Beer Town's Center B. Laoshan District
C. Licang World Expo Park D. Golden Sand Beach Beer Square
23. In which column can you find this passage
A. Sports B. Economy C. Travel D. Culture
B
You go out for a meal and scan a QR code to order the food, but it asks for your phone number. You go back home and are asked to look into a facial recognition camera. Data collection is everywhere.
However, the personal information collected by companies can be leaked for marketing or used for communications fraud （电信诈骗）. According to a survey of 5, 458 people by the China Consumers Association, 85. 2 percent of people said they had experienced personal information leaks from applications on their smart phones. Most said they got unwanted calls or text messages afterward.
On Nov 1, the Personal Information Protection Law came into effect in China. The law has detailed rules to strengthen the protection of personal information.
The law defines personal information as any kind of information about people who are or can be identified, in electronic or other forms. So a person's name, date of birth, ID number, address and phone number are all personal information.
There are also some kinds of personal information that are regarded as “sensitive", such as fingerprints, faces, religious beliefs, medical health, financial accounts and all data relating to minors under 14.
According to the law, activities such as collecting, using, processing and trading of personal information will be strictly regulated. One key rule is that those handling personal information should inform users and get permission. For sensitive information, there are stricter rules on related activities. For example, in the case of a minor, approval from their parents is required.
Protection of personal information of online platform users is especially stressed. According to a report released in June on Internet development in China, the country has over 1 billion Internet users and 60 percent of surveyed applications had collected users' information illegally. Many apps would collect users' information even when the app was not in use. They could access the phonebook, photos, turn on the microphone and get the users' location.
For individuals, it's important to raise awareness of protecting personal information. Individuals need to fully understand the requests for personal information. If it's not necessary, don't agree. If you find that your personal data has been used illegally, you can report to consumer councils or cyberspace administrations （网络管理机构）with evidence.
24. The author intends to by the first two paragraphs.
A. tell some unwanted experiences
B. inform some personal information leaks
C. draw the readers' attention to the topic
D. warn the public against using applications
25. Which of the following is not regarded as personal information
A. A child's pet name. B. An application user's location.
C. Some old family pictures. D. All data relating to teenagers.
26. Which of the following is true according to the text
A. The Personal Information Protection Law will become effective in China.
B. Dealing with personal information without users' agreement is illegal.
C. Collecting and processing personal information should be banned.
D. For sensitive information, approval from a person's parents is required.
27. In the author's opinion, how can you avoid personal information leak
A. Enhance your consciousness of personal information and adopt effective measures.
B. Don't use the applications too often that are downloaded on your smart phone.
C. Make up false personal information in order to protect your true information.
D. Report to consumer councils or cyberspace administrations with evidence
C
If you want to understand the soul of Russia, read Fyodor Dostoyevsky, since he is “the archetype （典型）of the Russian nation”.
This year marks the 200h anniversary of the birth of the famous Russian memorative （纪念的） events including meetings and exhibitions have been held throughout this year in Russia, and around the world.
Born in Moscow in 1821, Dostoyevsky was introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and through books by Russian and foreign authors. In 1846 when he was 25, Dostoyevsky published his first novel, Poor Folk.
But four years later he was put in prison for being in a literary club that discussed banned books critical of the authorities. Then Dostoyevsky spent the next 4 years in a prison camp and another 6 years doing compulsory military service, according to The Moscow Times.
Surrounded by hardship, Dostoyevsky created extremely contradictory but profound works, exploring psychology in the political, social and spiritual turmoil （动荡）of 19h-century Russia. His most famous masterpieces include Crime and Punishment, The Brothers Karamazov, The Idiot, and Notes from the Underground.
Dostoyevsky's works have had a strong influence on the world of literature and have inspired many literary figures.
“Dostoyevsky’s novels are seething whirlpools （沸腾的漩涡）that boil and suck us in. They are composed purely and wholly of the stuff of the soul. Against our wills we are drawn in, suffocated （窒息的）, and at the same time filled with a giddy rapture （疯狂的喜悦）, ”wrote UK writer Virginia Woolf.
US writer William Faulkner once said the Russian writer was one of his main literary inspirations, alongside the Bible and Shakespeare. The book The Brothers Karamazov influenced him the most and Faulkner reread the book often.
“Like Dostoyevsky, Faulkner was interested in studying the crisis of a personality who found himself amidst crisis in society, ” wrote Faulkner expert Robert Hamblin.
To celebrate the influential writer, UNESCO has declared 2021 the Year of Dostoyevsky.
28. What can be inferred about Dostoyevsky according to this passage
A. Dostoyevsky read classics of world literature when he was very young.
B. It is known that Dostoyevsky is "the archetype of the Russian nation.
C. Dostoyevsky was put into prison for writing a book critical of the authorities.
D. Dostoyevsky is an influential psychologist of 19th-century Russia.
29. Why are Dostoyevsky's novels special to Virginia Woolf
A. Because Dostoyevsky's novels are different from other authors' works.
B. Because Dostoyevsky's novels are fascinating and bring him inspiration.
C. Because Virginia Woolf also studies the crisis of a personality like Dostoyevsky.
D. Because he thinks that Dostoyevsky is "the archetype of the Russian nation".
30. What is Faulkner's attitude toward Dostoyevsky's works
A. Curious. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Supportive.
31. What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage
A. To encourage readers to get started with literary classics.
B. To get across Russian values by exploring Dostoyevsky.
C. To introduce and memorize a great literary giant.
D. To promote several excellent novels by Dostoyevsky.
D
China deployed （部署）） a satellite on Oct 24 to carry out technological tests for space debris （残骸） management, according to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp. The spacecraft aims to demonstrate technologies to alleviate space debris.
Since the dawn of the space age in the 1950s, humans have launched thousands of rockets and sent even more satellites into orbit. Many are still there, and we are now facing an ever- increasing risk of space junk.
More than 27, 000 pieces of orbital debris, or "space junk", are tracked in space, according to NASA. Much more debris is too small to be tracked but large enough to threaten human spaceflight and robotic missions. Since a piece of debris can move faster than a speeding bullet, collisions with these tiny pieces often leave pits in many satellites, telescopes and other objects orbiting our planet.
In 2006, for example, a tiny piece of space junk collided with the International Space Station, taking a chip out of the heavily reinforced window, according to National Geographic.
Space junk is a huge threat to space missions that involve human life. "This is particularly important since careful consideration needs to be made about the orbital path of space junk before spacewalk exercises are conducted, " Joon Wayn Cheong, a satellite systems expert, told Science X, a science website.
Luckily, scientists are fully aware of the issue, and they are approaching it in different ways.
One involves using a giant net. In 2018, the UK's Surrey Space Center used a net to catch space junk in an experiment. It was the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, CNN reported. It involved targeting debris and catching it with a net and a harpoon （）.
Another solution is to use robotic arms. Clear Space 1, the European Space Agency's mission to remove space junk from orbit, is expected to launch in 2025, which will adopt robotic arms to capture the debris, BBC Science Focus Magazine reported. The mission plans to locate, capture and throw debris into the atmosphere, where it will burn up in the intense pressure and friction （摩 擦） of re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere.
32. What does the underlined word “alleviate" in paragraph l mean
A. Track. B. Increase. C. Reduce. D. Destroy.
33. What can be inferred about space junk according to the passage
A. A great many satellites orbiting the Earth don't work efficiently.
B. About 27, 000 satellites are working on the orbit of the Earth.
C. Many satellites have been damaged by speeding bullets.
D. Spacewalk exercises can be a huge threat to space junk.
34. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage （P=paragraph）
35. What would be the best title for the text
A. Achievement in aerospace B. Risks of space junk
C. Solutions to solving debris D. Space debris cleanup
四川省凉山州2021届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
The Arctic has long fascinated people across the world, so it isn’t surprising that stories of the Arctic have inspired movies and TV shows. Here are 4 of our favorite Arctic shows and movies.
Nanook of the North (1922)
It’s man against nature in this classic silent film from 1922, which tells the story of an Inuit hunter named Nanook and his family as they struggle to survive in the harsh environment of Canada’s Hudson Bay region. Although some of the scenes were staged, we see how the Inuit people live. We see how Nanook uses a harpoon (鱼叉) to hunt seals on the ice. We also see how they construct an igloo (冰屋) one block at a time into the famous icy, domed (穹顶的) structure.
Arctic (2019)
What better place for a survival story than the Arctic In the film Arctic, noted by The New York Times as “madness in a frozen wasteland”, one man must survive in the icy landscape after his plane crashes. He must fish, find water, send distress (危难) signals and build a makeshift (简易的) camp to stay alive. The film, which was shot in the cold wilderness of Iceland, shows just how tough life can be in the Arctic.
Klaus (2019)
Klaus is a family holiday film about the origins of Santa Claus, the favorite old man at Christmas. Santa is said to live in the North Pole, but in Klaus, he lives in Smeerensburg, a Norwegian settlement on the island of Svalbard. There, a young postman convinces the town’s kids to send letters to the loner woodsman named Klaus, and in return he will reward them with toys. The local Arctic culture of the Sami is also present in the film.
High Arctic Haulers (2020)
This documentary series describes a Canadian shipping firm, Groupe -Desgagnes, which supplies the isolated communities in Canada’s Arctic Archipelago. The shipping crew must be faced with sea ice and cruel weather to get to their remote destinations. The show gives an important glimpse into the difficulties of transporting goods in the far north.
1. Who survives in the Arctic after an air crash
A. An unknown man. B. Nanook.
C. Klaus. D. A shipping man.
2. Where does Santa Claus in Klaus live
A. the North Pole. B. Iceland. C. Svalbard. D. Canada.
3. Which of the following is not a film but a TV show
A. Nanook of the North. B. Arctic.
C. Klaus. D. High Arctic Haulers.
B
What springs to mind when you think of kung fu, also known as wushu Maybe the image of Shaolin monks striking fierce poses with a serious look in their eyes, or popular children’s movies like Kung Fu Panda. But do they really portray the meaning of kung fu
Recently, Laurence J. Brahm, a documentary filmmaker from the United States, explored this question in Searching for Kung Fu. In the movie, Brahm started a kung fu pilgrimage (朝圣之旅), travelling to cities in China and the US in search of the origin and value of kung fu. Brahm himself is a kung fu lover who has been devoted to the practice for more than 40 years. For him, pursuing this craft was more than a pastime. Now, Kung fu has become a daily routine for him and also the way he greets the day.
“Martial arts can help us connect our body, connect our neural system, connect our blood flow, and also help connect us into our environment to increase our awareness. Martial arts is moving meditation (冥想).” Brahm said.
Still others find additional meanings in the practice. “Chinese kung fu is full of Chinese philosophies and core values,” Hong Kong actor Bruce Leung told Xinhua. “Nonviolence is one of these values, which is shown both in the name and the practice. Wu, consists of two characters-ge, meaning “dagger-ax”, and zhi, meaning “to stop”. So, the meaning of kung fu in Chinese is the art of stopping fighting, the art of nonviolence.”
Brahm’s appreciation of kung fu is clear. He sees it as “a mirror of Chinese culture”. “Whydoes China want to be in harmony with other nations It’s part of the psychology of the Chinese people. It’s also national psychology.” Brahm told Xinhua.
Brahm also believes that today’s world urgently needs to restart equal exchanges between countries without stereotypes, and that culture and sports, such as kung fu, can serve as a great channel and platform.
4. What did Laurence J. Brahm explore in Searching for Kung Fu
A. Shaolin monks striking fierce poses.
B. The popularity of the movie Kung fu Panda.
C. The history and meaning of kung fu.
D. A Kung fu pilgrimage in China and the US.
5. In Brahm’s opinion, kung fu is _________.
A. only a pastime to kill time B. a daily routine for everyone
C. a skill to knock down others D. a useful way to stay healthy.
6. What is Bruce Leung’s attitude towards kung fu
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Doubtful.
7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A. To encourage readers to get started with kung fu.
B. To get across Chinese values by exploring kung Fu.
C. To promote excellent Chinese culture worldwide.
D. To serve as a great channel and platform
C
After two years of circling Bennu, an ancient asteroid (小行星) hundreds of millions of kilometers away, a NASA spacecraft made its way to the rocky surface and collected samples.
NASA spacecraft OSIRIS-Rex was launched in 2016 with the goal of getting samples from the asteroid. On Oct 20, 2020, it was confirmed that 60 grams of rocks had been collected, marking the biggest haul (一次性收获) from beyond the moon.
The spacecraft dropped out of its 750 meter-high orbit and took about four hours to carefully and slowly make it to just above the surface. The OSIRIS -Rex’s 3.4 meter arm, which is responsible for collecting samples, reached out and touched Bennu for about 10 seconds. During the brief touch-down, the spacecraft blasted Bennu’s surface with nitrogen (氮) gas. This stirred up dirt and rock that could then be collected by the arm’s sampling head.
The work behind this process was much trickier than expected. Before OSIRIS-Rex’s launch, data from multiple telescopes showed the asteroid’s surface looked like a beach, full of tiny particles (颗粒) that could be easily collected. However, when OSIRIS-Rex got close enough to take a close-up of Bennu, scientists were surprised by how rough it was and how large the rocks were. The rocky terrain (地形) brought unexpected risks for the spacecraft, so they had to adjust the original plan. The scientists had to add extra software to the spacecraft. Also, they extended the mission time and spent extra time creating a 3D map for Bennu’s surface.
They didn’t have a lot of room for mistakes since OSIRIS -Rex only has three bottles of nitrogen gas. Luckily, after two drills, the spacecraft managed to successfully collect over 60 grams of material.
The sample seems like a small piece of Bennu, but it is a big step for mankind. Bennu was chosen for a reason. The big, black, round, carbon -rich asteroid, which was formed about 4.5 billion years ago, witnessed the solar system’s entire history. With the sample, scientists will explore deeply in labs to find out more secrets about our solar system.
8. The 3rd paragraph is mainly developed _________.
A. by example B. by process
C. by comparison D. by statistic
9. What does the underlined word “trickier” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. more convenient. B. more necessary.
C. more challenging. D. more surprising.
10. Which of the following is true according to this passage
A. The rocky terrain brought risks for the spacecraft to adjust the original plan.
B. It is meaningful for the spacecraft to collect samples successfully from Bennu.
C. The carbon-rich asteroid must have witnessed the existence of ancient life.
D. We have found some secrets about our solar system by analyzing the sample
11. What would be the best title of this passage
A. Asteroid Investigation B. A Space Exploration
C. Making Our Way To Bennu D. Secrets About The Solar System
D
Instead of going on a trip or buying herself new clothes, Xiao Tong from Wuhan, Hubei province, chose to celebrate her senior high school graduation in a different way. She went to a beauty clinic to undergo plastic surgery on her nose. “I want to make a good impression and start my university life with a brand new look,” the 18-year-old told Changjiang Daily.
Like Xiao Tong, many young Chinese are anxious about their looks, and face themselves with cosmetic surgery. A medical beauty industry white paper by iResearch Global said 19 percent of Chinese medical beauty consumers in 2020 were aged 18 or under. Young people have cosmetic surgery for different reasons, and improving self-confidence is one of them.
Wang Fang, 18, from Beijing, felt that her eyes were too small. In 2019, after she got in university, Wang had a minor operation done on her eyelids. “Before I had the surgery, I had a negative perception of myself. Therefore, I had low self-esteem and no confidence,” Wang told Beijing Youth Daily. “The cosmetic surgery changed the situation.”
But Jiang Wenxiu of the Department of Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University in Jiangsu, held a different view. “Medical beauty apps only show how great plastic surgery can be,” Jiang told China Daily. “They leave out all the negative stuff.”
Today beauty clinics that see students as lucrative (有利可图的) plastic surgery clients are well aware that these young people are mostly short of money, so they use summer discounts, installment plans and other ways to attract their attention.
Xiao Zhen, 17 from Chengdu, Sichuan province, is one of the victims. She took out a loan of about 20,000 yuan to get cosmetic surgery. But the large sum of money became a big burden. She had to drop out of school and go to work to pay off the loan.
Besides the financial burden, some other factors also need to be considered. “Even though you have big problems with your look, you should think twice before going under the knife.” Jiang said.
12. The writer gives an example of Xiao Tong at the beginning of the passage to ________.
A. stimulate the readers’ interest
B. draw the readers’ attention to the topic
C. show the importance of plastic surgery
D. invite students to have cosmetic surgery
13. Why do many young Chinese have cosmetic surgery according to the passage
A. To celebrate high school graduation in a different way.
B. To follow the rising popularity of plastic surgery in China.
C. To avoid others’ negative perception of them in life.
D. To make them feel better and believe in themselves.
14. What can be inferred about plastic surgery
A. Young people are mostly short of money for plastic surgery.
B. Students have to take out a loan to get cosmetic surgery.
C. Promotions of cosmetic surgery don’t give a full picture.
D. A student should wait until he becomes a full adult.
15. In the next part following the last paragraph, the author would most probably discuss with the readers _________.
A. potential health risks of plastic surgery
B. a choice between inner and outer beauty
C. what kind of plastic surgery suits you
D. how to have cosmetic surgery appropriately
四川省凉山州2020届高三三诊英语试卷
第一节 （共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选岀最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.
A
There are some of history's most inspiring and great females who can be found on the pages of these novels.
Elizabeth Bennet Called "Lizzie" or “Eliza" by her family and friends, Elizabeth Bennet is the stubborn and clever heroine in Jane Austen's 1813 novel Pride and Prejudice. She's the second eldest of five daughters in the Bennet family and, like the rest of her sisters, she is expected to marry for status and money, not for love. To remain true of herself, she would rather remain single, a concept that was unheard at the time.
Nancy Drew She first appeared in 1932 but remains one of the most iconic female characters in all of literature. Created by Edward Stratemeyer, Nancy Drew isn't simply a pretty girl. Instead, the bold, physically strong, and fiercely intelligent Nancy uses her superior intelligence — not her look --- to solve a series of mysteries.
Josephine March Jo March is the second eldest daughter in the March family and is a central focus in the novel Little Woman, published by Lousia May Alcott in 1868. Jo struggles with challenges from society's expectations of how women in the 19th century should carry themselves, making her one of literature’ s most daring female characters.
Hester Prynne Recognized by some critics as one of the most important characters in female literature, Hester Prynne is the leading character in Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1850 novel, The Scarlet Letter. Married but separated by distance from her husband, Hester has an affair with a minister and becomes pregnant.
1. Why would Elizabeth Bennet rather remain single
A. She doesn't want to cheat herself. B. She doesn't want to marry for love.
C. She was the eldest daughter of the family. D. She is too clever.
2. What is Nancy Drew like
A. Kind. B. Clever. C. Outspoken. D. Proud.
3. What is the right order of the time these females appeared in novels
a. Elizabeth b. Nancy Drew c. Josephine March d. Hester Prynne
A. dcab. B. cdba. C. adbc. D. adcb.
B
Walk down any British shopping street and you will find shops with strange names. Why is the barbers called "Shearlock Combs" Why is the opticians (眼镜店)called "Eyediology" And who decided to name the butchers "Meat you there" and the fish and chip shop "The Plaice to Come" What's going on
The British love puns (双关语)----as do many other nationalities. Puns are jokes based on words that sound the same. You've probably noticed that many words in English which are spelt in different ways and have different meanings are pronounced in the same way. Think about the name of the restaurant: "plaice" is a kind of fish, so our restaurant is "the place" to eat fish. Butchers sell meat ——so we'll "meet you there" ——and opticians look after our eyes in a scientific way --- so eyed-iology (ideology) is a name that fits. Hairdressers shear (cut) your locks (hair) and comb it —— say the three words together quickly and you have the name of a famous detective. In shop titles and adverts, puns are used to get our attention.
Puns are very old. The ancient Egyptians and Romans liked to pun. Shakespeare uses many puns in his plays ——King Richard the Third (the son of York) brings "glorious summer" ——just think about a word that has the same sound as son.
Many people enjoy a good pun (pun / fun for all the family! ) —— others hate them. Puns aren't really designed to make you laugh. Here are some puns that might leave you asking for no more puns. Have you heard about the bears who voted in the North Pole Or the cheetah (猎豹) who couldn't be trusted at cards Or how about the clever little Australian animal that had lots of koalaifications or the camel with no humps (驼峰) that was called Humphrey (and so was free of humps ... ).
Puns can be funny, but they sometimes make important points. Here' s a fashion tip: "skinny genes make skinny jeans": so don't worry if your jeans don't fit --- it's your family's fault!
4. Where can you probably enjoy fish and chips, judging from the name
A. Shearlock Combs. B. Eyediology.
C. The Plaice to Come D. Meat you there.
5. Why are puns often used in shop titles and adverts
A. It's a long-established tradition.
B. They help create a relaxed atmosphere.
C. They show the products are of high quality.
D. They are good for catching people's attention.
6. How does the author make his point in the text
A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the order of time. D. By describing causes and effects.
7. What is the author' s main purpose in writing the text
A. To compare the use of puns in different countries.
B. To introduce some popular puns in Britain.
C. To stress it is important to understand puns.
D. To explain why puns are common in Britain.
C
In an ideal world, we might be able to live free from discrimination. But not this one, in which we are constantly dividing everything into “us" and “them".
This is especially true during times of fear, like now, when the novel coronavirus is spreading across China and the world. It's a time when “us" means safe and clean while “them" means infectious and risky. Or at least we'd like to believe so.
But this is actually a misbelief, which has been fueled and promoted by fear, and sadly, the media. When the outbreak first started, the term “Wuhan virus" was used in some news, creating hostility （敌意）toward people from Wuhan and Hubei as a whole. There were reports of hotels refusing to accept guests from Hubei and some hospitals denied their entry even when they needed treatment for other medical problems.
Elsewhere in the world, German magazine Der Spiegel labeled the virus on its cover as “Made in China". Australia's Herald Sun, meanwhile, printed, “China Kids Stay Home" on its front page, implying that all kids from China are carriers of the virus. It's also reported that Chinese people overseas have faced harassment （骚扰）and even violence.
This kind of misbelief is exactly why and when the World Health Organization （WHO） was trying to come up with a name for the disease, it had to be careful. “We had to find a name that did not refer to a geographical （地理的）location, an animal, an individual or group of people," said Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the WHO, on Feb 11. And COVID-19 was the final decision.
World leaders and institutes are also sharing sensible voices. "There is no place in our country for discrimination driven by fear or misinformation," Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said at a Lunar New Year celebration in Toronto on Feb 2. Cornell University also sent an email to students and faculty, saying, “We need to remember to care for one another and not make assumptions about others' symptoms or any characteristics of identity."
It's understandable that during times like this, we want to go to extreme lengths to make sure we're safe. But fear is never part of the cure. Only love and independent thinking takes you further.
8. What is the main purpose of Paragraphs 3 and 4
A. To explain what has brought about misbelief.
B. To show how some news media misled the public.
C. To compare how different countries responded to COVID --- 19.
D. To present what Chinese people overseas suffer from COVID --- 19.
9. Justin Trudeau and Cornell University are quoted in the text to .
A. show positive attitudes in face of COVID ---19
B. explain why it is important to prevent discrimination
C. describe different opinions of the influence of the virus
D. introduce measures taken by foreign countries to fight COVID---19
10. What's the attitude of the author towards "discrimination"
A. Neutral. B. Supportive. C. Opposed. D. Unconcerned.
11. What is the main idea of the passage
A. We should always be willing to care for others.
B. Fear and discrimination are as contagious as a virus.
C. We shouldn't let misinformation influence our own judgment.
D. The media should give people confidence during times of fear.
D
We say that technology is a double-edged sword -while it brings convenience, it also brings new problems. The sword of “social media” even has a gender preference in its damage: It cuts deeper into girls than boys.
Earlier studies have shown that spending too much time on social media is bad for teenagers’ mental health. Constantly watching their friends show off “perfect” lives can hurt their own self-esteem (自尊). That’s not to mention the problems caused by online shaming and bullying (霸凌).
Jean Twenge, a professor at San Diego State University in the US, recently discovered an alarming trend: Since 2010, the number of teenage girls who suffer from major depression – showing signs like self-harm and suicide (自杀) - has increased much faster than that of boys. In an article she wrote at The Conversation, Twenge said social media, again, was to blame.
For starters, girls use social media more than boys. Boys tend to spend their screen time on games, where they talk to their teammates through headphones. This counts as real human contact. Girls, however, simply type and browse through posts, which is a much more isolated (孤立的) experience. “They’re not having a real-time conversation with someone,” Mary Fristad, psychologist at The Ohio State University, told NPR.
And when it comes to online shaming, girls are also more vulnerable than boys. “Girls face more pressure about their appearance, which could be exacerbated (加重) by social media,” wrote Twenge.
Shannon McLaughlin, for example, is an 18-year-old from Blackburn College in the US. She shared with the Guardian how social media made her feel depressed. “I was constantly confronted (面对) by women with skinny bodies who were praised for the way they looked. This was only made worse by the diet fixes and skinny culture,” she said. But McLaughlin found a solution. She started volunteering with the National Citizen Service, where she made face-to-face contact with people. “It’s so easy to forget the importance of real connections when we have hundreds of people that we’re trying to impress at our fingertips,” she told the Guardian. And she hopes that others “look up from their phones and focus more on the world around them”.
12. What did Twenge find in her recent study
A. Overuse of social media harms teenagers’ mental health.
B. Social media does more harm to girls than boys.
C. Girls suffered more from bullying than boys.
D. Online shaming and bullying are to blame for teenagers’ depression.
13. Why do girls tend to feel more isolated than boys online, according to Mary Fristad
A. Girls have less real-time interaction with people.
B. Playing games allows boys to have more fun than girls.
C. Girls suffer more pressure on social media.
D. Girls usually desire more contact with others.
14. The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to“ ”.
A. adjusting oneself well B. fighting back bravely
C. being unconcerned about something D. being likely to be at risk of something
15. What does McLaughlin advise teenage girls to do
A. Ignore social media and stop following a diet.
B. Connect more with the real world.
C. Constantly take part in volunteer work.
D. Make better use of phones for socializing.
答案：
四川省凉山州2022届高三三诊英语试卷
21-23 ADC
24-27 CDBA
28-31 ABDC
32-35 CABD
四川省凉山州2021届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
四川省凉山州2020届高三三诊英语试卷
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】
文章是记叙文，介绍了四个在小说中最鼓舞人心、最伟大的女性。
【1题详解】
细节推理题。根据Elizabeth Bennet中To remain true to herself, she would rather remain single, a concept that was unheard at the time.( 为了忠于自己，她宁愿保持单身，这在当时是闻所未闻的想法)可知，Elizabeth Bennet不想为金钱和地位结婚，不想欺骗自己，所以保持单身。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Nancy Drew中the bold, physically strong, and fiercely intelligent Nancy used her superior intelligence—not her looks—to solve a series of mysteries.( 大胆、身体强壮、聪明的南希利用她优越的智力——而不是她的外表——来解决一系列的谜团)可知Nancy Drew勇敢，强壮和聪明，clever是她的一个特征，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Elizabeth Bennet is the stubborn and clever heroine in Jane Austen's 1813 novel Pride and Prejudice 可知，Elizabeth Bennet是1813年简奥斯汀小说了的人物；根据Nancy Drew She first appeared in 1932 but remains one of the most iconic female characters in all of literature. Nancy Drew首次出现时1932年；根据Josephine March中Jo March is the second eldest daughter in the March family and is a central focus in the novel Little Women, published by Louisa May Alcott in 1868.可知 Josephine March是Louisa May Alcott在1868年出版的小说Little Women中的中心人物；根据Hester Prynne is the leading character in Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1850 novel, The Scarlet Letter.可知，Hester Prynne是1850年小说里的人物。综上，故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。
做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文章介绍了四个在小说中最鼓舞人心、最伟大的女性。
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；小题4要求按时间排序，根据文中Elizabeth Bennet is the stubborn and clever heroine from the 1813；Nancy Drew first appeared in the 1930s ；Josephine March is a central focus in the novel Little Women, published by Louisa May Alcott in 1868. Hester Prynne is the leading character in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s 1850 novel.可知每个人物出现的时间排列顺序。
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1根据Elizabeth Bennet中To remain true to herself, she would rather remain single, a concept that was unheard at the time.可知Elizabeth Bennet不想为金钱和地位结婚，不想欺骗自己，所以保持单身。小题2根据Nancy Drew中the bold, physically strong, and fiercely intelligent Nancy used her superior intelligence—not her looks—to solve a series of mysteries.可知Nancy Drew勇敢，强壮和聪明，clever是她的一个特征。小题3根据Josephine March中Jo March is the second eldest daughter in the March family and is a central focus in the novel Little Women, published by Louisa May Alcott in 1868.可知 Josephine March是Louisa May Alcott在1868年出版的小说Little Women中的中心人物。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过举例子来解释为什么“双关语”在英国是随处可见。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Think about the name of the restaurant: "plaice" is a kind of fish, so our restaurant is "the place" to eat fish.可知，从名字上看，在The Plaice to Come可以吃到炸鱼和薯条。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段In shop titles and adverts, puns are used to get our attention.可知，双关语经常用于商店标题和广告中是因为它们能够吸引人的注意。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。纵观全文，再根据第二段中Puns are jokes based on words that sound the same. You’ve probably noticed that many words in English which are spelt in different ways and have different meanings are pronounced in the same way.“双关语是基于听起来相同的单词的笑话。 你可能已经注意到，英语中的许多单词以不同的方式拼写，并且有不同的含义，它们的发音方式是相同的。”然后在下文中就举了很多具体的例子，可以推断出，作者是通过举例子在文章中表明他的观点的。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要介绍走在任何一条英国的商业街上，你都会发现名字奇怪的商店，这原来是“双关语”的结果。以及其它方面都有一些“双关语”。可知作者是通过举例子来解释为什么“双关语”在英国是随处可见的。故选D。
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文。新型冠状病毒的爆发使人们存在的偏见或者歧视，短文告诫我们不要让错误的信息影响我们的判断。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段 But this is actually a misbelief, which has been fueled and promoted by fear, and sadly, the media.但这实际上是一种误解，恐惧和悲观的媒体助长了这种误解。由此判断出，第3及第4段的主要目的是展示一些新闻媒体是如何误导公众的。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段1 句World leaders and institutes are also sharing sensible voices. “There is no place in our country for discrimination driven by fear or misinformation,We need to remember to care for one another and not make assumptions about others' symptoms or any characteristics of identity” 一些领导人和大学机构也做出了明智的/合情理的发声，“在我们国家不应有因恐惧和错误信息而导致的歧视存在”，我们需要记住互相关心，不要对他人的症状或身份特征做出假设。由此判断出文中引用了特鲁多和康奈尔大学的名言。是为了展示出面对新冠状病毒要表现出积极的态度。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据末段末2 句But fear is never part of the cure. Only love and independent thinking takes you further. 但是恐惧从来都不是治疗的一部分。只有爱和独立思考才能让你走得更远。由此判断出作者反对这种歧视的作法。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。倒数第二段1 句World leaders and institutes are also sharing sensible voices. “There is no place in our country for discrimination driven by fear or misinformation,” 在我们国家不应有因恐惧和错误信息而导致的歧视存在。还有末段末2 句But fear is never part of the cure. Only love and independent thinking takes you further. 但是恐惧从来都不是治疗的一部分。只有爱和独立思考才能让你走得更远。所以这篇文章的主旨是我们不应该让错误的信息影响我们自己的判断。故选C。
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在社交媒体方面，女孩子相对于男孩子而言面临更大的压力。研究人员发现自2010年以来，患有严重抑郁症的少女数量的增长速度远远快于男孩。文章分析了这一情况产生的原因以及呼吁青少年们更多地和真实的世界来接触。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Jean Twenge, a professor at San Diego State University in the US, recently discovered an alarming trend: Since 2010, the number of teenage girls who suffer from major depression – showing signs like self-harm and suicide - has increased much faster than that of boys. In an article she wrote at The Conversation, Twenge said social media, again, was to blame.美国圣地亚哥州立大学教授Jean Twenge最近发现了一个令人担忧的趋势：自2010年以来，患有严重抑郁症（表现出自残和自杀等症状）的少女数量的增长速度远远快于男孩，在她写的一篇文章中，Twenge说社交媒体也是罪魁祸首。可知由此可知，Twenge在她最近的研究中发现过度使用社交媒体会损害青少年的心理健康。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中Girls, however, simply type and browse through posts, which is a much more isolated experience. “They’re not having a real-time conversation with someone,” Mary Fristad, psychologist at The Ohio State University, told NPR.可知然而，女孩们只是简单地输入和浏览帖子，这是一种更加孤立的体验。俄亥俄州立大学的心理学家Mary Fristad在接受美国国家公共电台采访时表示：“他们并没有和某人进行实时对话。”由此可知，在网上，女孩比男孩更容易感到孤立是因为女孩与人的实时互动较少。故选A。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文Girls face more pressure about their appearance, which could be exacerbated by social media可知女孩们在外貌方面面临更多压力，社交媒体可能会加剧这种压力。故可推知在网络羞辱方面，女孩也比男孩更容易受到伤害。故划线单词意思为“有可能面临某事的危险”。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s so easy to forget the importance of real connections when we have hundreds of people that we’re trying to impress at our fingertips,” she told the Guardian. And she hopes that others “look up from their phones and focus more on the world around them”.可知她在接受《卫报》采访时表示：“当我们试图用指尖去打动数百人的时候，很容易忘记现实联系的重要性。”她希望其他人“放下手机，更多关注身边的世界”。由此可知，McLaughlin建议主张女孩子们需要多走进真实的世界，面对面的和人打交道。故选B。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或that's to say, such as等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第三小题，根据下文Girls face more pressure about their appearance, which could be exacerbated by social media可知女孩们在外貌方面面临更多压力，社交媒体可能会加剧这种压力。故可推知在网络羞辱方面，女孩也比男孩更容易受到伤害。故划线单词意思为“有可能面临某事的危险”。故选D。