河南省新乡市2020-2022届高三三模英语试卷汇编：阅读理解专题（三年）（含答案）
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河南省新乡市2020-2022届高三三模英语试卷汇编
阅读理解专题
河南省新乡市2022届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
These large hairy creatures have been sighted around the world, and they appear frequently in ancient folklore. Here are some of the best places you should visit as you search for Yeti and Bigfoot.
Willow Creek, California
Called the gateway to Bigfoot Country, Willow Creek is the site of the most famous Bigfoot footage—the classic photo of the dark, hairy creature traveling across the actual Willow Creek in Six Rivers National Forest. A museum in the town houses a series of casts of Bigfeet's footprints, photos, and other information and evidence about the being.
Ontario, Canada
A hunter and his wife thought it was a moose (麋鹿) call when they heard a long loud shout in the northwestern Ontario wilderness, but then they heard it again and found some big humanoid footprints. BFRO has 68 Bigfoot reports from Ontario, the most recent of which was in July 2020 when campers reported hearing howls and cracking branches near their campsite.
Michigan's Upper Peninsula
There have been hundreds of sightings of Bigfoot in the Upper Peninsula, and some witnesses claim to have seen entire packs of the ape-like creatures. The Upper Peninsula is heavily wooded and offers many areas for the monsters to hide.
Fouke, Arkansas
The small town in southwest Arkansas is known as the Bigfoot Capital of the midwestern state. A reported Bigfoot attack in Fouke even inspired a 1970s film called The Legend of Boggy Creek. When reports of the monster first made the rounds in the mid-1800s, residents assumed the creature was a survivor of the New Madrid earthquake who had lost his mind from the injury.
1. What is special about Willow Creek
A. It is home to various rare birds.
B. It is suitable to camp in all seasons.
C. It has a museum related to Bigfoot.
D. It is the best site to take pictures with friends.
2. What do we know about the hunter and his wife
A. They heard the strange sound only once.
B. They once watched a 1970s film together.
C. They might mistake the Bigfoot's shout as a deer call.
D. They were very interested in the lifestyle of wildlife.
3. What caused the production of the film The Legend of Boggy Creek
A. The Bigfoot attack. B. The residents' response.
C. The earthquake's effects. D. The serious injury of a survivor.
B
Grace Murray Hopper was at the forefront of computer and programming language development from the 1930s through the 1980s. One of the achievements of her 4-year career was the development of computer languages written in English rather than mathematical concept—the common business computing language known as COBOL, which is still in use today. Hopper’s contribution is still honored by the annual Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing Conference.
Edith Clarke was a pioneering electrical engineer at the turn of the 20th century. She worked as a “computer”, someone who performed difficult mathematical calculations before modern-day computers and calculators were invented. Clarke struggled to find work as a female engineer instead of the “usual” jobs allowed for women of her time, and became the first professionally employed female electrical engineer in the United States in 1922.
On June 18,1983, Sally Ride transformed history when she became the first American woman to fly into space. After her second space flight, Ride decided to retire from NASA and pursue her passion for education by inspiring young people. As a result, she founded Sally Ride Science, an organization devoted to supporting students interested in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math). Ride passed away in 2012, but her work continued to inspire young women across the country.
Virginia Holsinger was an American chemist known for her research on dairy products and food security issues. Holsinger developed a nutritious drink mixture that is distributed internationally by food donation programs as a substitute for milk. She also created a grain blend that can be prepared with water to provide food for victims of famine (饥荒), drought, and war. Additionally, her work formed the basis for commercial products to make milk digestible by people. Through these discoveries, Holsinger’s work has had a major influence on worldwide public health.
4. What do Grace Murray Hopper and Edith Clarke have in common
A. They were both programmers. B. They were good at computers.
C. They achieved a lot in their own careers. D. They struggled to find their suitable jobs.
5. What can we know from Edith Clarke’ experience
A. The majority of engineers of her day were men.
B. Eith Clarke invented modern computers and calculators.
C. Edith Clarke was not expert at mathematical calculations.
D. Female engineers became popular due to Edith Clarke’s efforts.
6. What did Ride do after her second space flight
A She was talked into retiring from NASA.
B. She gave up her work in Sally Ride Science.
C. She continued to lead young American women.
D. She started to offer help to students keen on STEM.
7. What does the underlined word “blend” in the last paragraph mean
A. Donation B. Mixture. C. Producer. D. Container.
C
As we face climate change, a new digital tool helps expand carbon-free energy without damaging the wildlife habitats. In Maine, the Renewable Energy Siting Tool is a newly released map that allows the clean energy developers to identify the sites for solar and wind projects while avoiding those with sensitive wildlife habitats. Sarah Haggerty, the lead developer, notes that the tool came into being thanks to the data provided by Maine’s Depar-ment of Environmental Protection, state biologists, clean energy developers, as well as financial support from the bank.
Based on data on land-use, habitats, energy resources, etc., the tool uses a traffic-light model to identify sites suitable for development and sites to avoid. Fields like landfills are shown in green, wetland areas or rare species habitats are shown in red, while yellow shown areas indicate that closer examination of project impacts is necessary.
The tool was developed after Maine passed a law requiring that 80% of Maine’s electricity come from renewable resources by 2030. Haggerty says, “We are in urgent need of this tool to help us fight climate change in a way that reduces impact on our valuable natural resources.” Maine is the most forested state in the nation, and agriculture, natural resources, and nature tourism play important roles in its economy. Yet the state is among the top five in losing its farmland to development. It makes little sense to develop clean energy projects at the expense of farmland.
When developers announce a clean energy project, they often face disagreement from community members who are concerned about the loss of valuable farmland or the impact on wildlife. This can discourage investors and slow the transition to renewable energy. Luckily, this tool can help developers speed up the development of clean energy by quickly identifying suitable land. Clean energy development needn’t come at the expense of wildlife.
8. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. How the new tool works. B. How the new tool is adjusted.
C. How the new tool is developed. D. How the new tool collects data.
9. What is the function of the new tool
A. To protect Maine’s renewable resources. B. To apply clean energy to wildlife habitats.
C. To improve the effective use of clean energy. D. To balance clean energy and wildlife habitats.
10. Which word best describes Haggerty’s attitude to the new tool
A. Skeptical. B. Tolerant.
C. Conservative. D. Positive.
11. From which is the text probably taken
A. A news review. B. A science magazine.
C. A travel brochure. D. A geography textbook.
D
Almost every human being loves their passions. There are so many ways to go after and build such passions. Some of these come easily and automatically, such as when we were young and everything was new. Those new things made our passions rise. That first day of school, seeing old friends and new friends, could be a quick and huge hit on the passion button.
In my book How to Ignite Your Passion for Living, I make the point that, from my experience, passion can start to fade a bit as we age. But, thankfully, passion can be manufactured. All you need to do is put something together in an unusual, better, or at least new-to-you way.
One of the keys to manufacturing passion is to set difficult goals and work towards them. I clearly remember when I was 27 years old, I set a goal of making $ 1 million for myself by the time I hit age 30. What a huge turn on that was for me. It really boosted my passion. I was one year late in hitting that goal, but having that huge and exciting goal really kept me and my passion going.
From about age 25, your brain produces less and less dopamine and serotonin, the hormones (荷尔蒙) that help you feel good and fan the flames of passion. Although a child’s body are full of these hormones, we need to work on stimulating our system to produce more of these hormones as we age. We can do this by eating the right foods, exercising, and, most importantly, setting the right goals that keep us going after them.
Passion for living comes and goes. Our big challenge then is to figure out what our passion is, what turns our lights on and gets us excited. When we figure that out, we can do it more and more. And it’s always a good idea to write down our goals that keep our passion going so it will stick in our brain, pushing us to go after the goals.
12. What can we know from the first paragraph
A. The young are fond of something old. B. Human being can't live without passion.
C. Even a small thing can start our passion. D. Passions are easy to build but hard to keep.
13. What does the example in the third paragraph suggest
A. Passion will become less as we age. B. Passion is something to make money.
C. Passion should start as young as possible. D. Passion is sometimes the product of a great goal.
14. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Our passion. B. Our challenge.
C. The goal. D. The idea.
15. What is best title for the text
A. How to Set Goals B. How to Stimulate Passion
C. What Is Passion D. What Makes Passion
河南省新乡市2021届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Each week Visit Indy publishes some events for the upcoming weekend. Here are some of them.
Fan Powered World Tour
Harlem Globetrotters, the world-famous basketball stars celebrate their fans on this tour with more interactive experiences than ever before. You have two opportunities to catch the show as the Globetrotters face the Washington Generals on both Friday and Monday at Bankers Life Fieldhouse. Tickets are $ 26 and up.
Basketball Day of Indiana
Indiana's love of basketball is famous, and Saturday's celebration will please fans from high school to college. Bankers Life Fieldhouse hosts high school girls and boys playing
during the afternoon. You will watch the game between Pacers and the Dallas Mavericks there that evening. Tickets start at $ 22.
MLK Day Celebration
Honor the memory of Dr, King as local artists present poetry, music, and dance that show the theme of love. Dr. King felt it was important to communicate with each other in order to break down barriers. Visitors to the Sunday's free program in Newfields are advised to do that via social activities and by participating in a donation drive.
Jingle Rails
Get your pleasure on Route 66 for one final weekend this season. See Mt. Rushmore, Old Faithful and the Grand Canyon, as well as local treasures like Monument Circle, Hilbert Circle Theatre, and the Indiana State Fair. Tickets start at $ 33.
21. Where can you watch basketball games
A. On Mt. Rushmore. B. In Newfields.
C. At Bankers Life Fieldhouse. D. In the Grand Canyon.
22. Which event is free of charge
A. MLK Day Celebration. B. Basketball Day of Indiana.
C. Fan Powered World Tour. D. Jingle Rails.
23. What can you do after participating in Jingle Rails
A. Have a talk with stars. B. Visit places of interest.
C. Volunteer for a charity. D. Live with Local people.
B
When I was young, I had a wrong understanding of being great. I believed I was special and different and should be rich and famous because of my talent. I was going to live my dream rather than being a “normal“ person. But as time passed, reality set in and my perspective changed.
I am a teacher, married to a salesman with a baby and a mortgage （按揭贷款）.Could my life be more normal Yet, I am okay with this.
Were I to have a conversation with my twenty-year-old self, she wouldn't understand why I'm not going to NYC to get an audition （试演）.In four years my coworkers have never heard me sing. If I'd bought a house, it should have been in an interesting neighborhood with coffee houses at every corner. She would laugh at the corner house in the neighborhood I now call home.
But I know things she didn't know. Life is so much more complicated, wonderful and terrible. I know what it means to work for love, not just sitting back and letting it happen the way it can when you're young. I know about bringing life into the world, and the complexity of emotions.
My life is simple. It is small, and may seem interchangeable with so many other lives there. I may never make an impact outside my house. But I've learned it is important to be relative. To my little girl, I am irreplaceable. When she cries, she calls for "Mama”. When she reaches out, it's for me alone. So, is it a small life It's perfectly fine to me. In fact, I think it's what I've wanted all along.
24. What was the author like when she was young
A. She was brave. B. She was honest.
C. She was proud. D. She was cautious.
25. Why does the author imagine talking to her twenty-year-old self
A. To reveal the key to her success.
B. To show she has become mature.
C To prove her dream has come true.
D. To introduce her present unhappiness.
26. What is the author's present focus
A. Caring for her family.
B. Opening her heart to the world.
C. Living with her daughter specially.
D. Learning the complexity of emotions.
27. What does the author intend to tell us in the text
A. We can be the one we feel satisfied with.
B. We can achieve our dreams if we work hard.
C. We should keep in contact with our families.
D. We will come back to a normal life some day.
C
In recent years, Ethiopia has become a regional leader in solid waste management. Last year, the country transformed the landfill （垃圾填埋场）in Addis Ababa into a new waste — to — energy plant, the first such project on the continent. The plant incinerates up to 1,400 tonnes of waste every day, about 80 percent of the city's rubbish, supplying the capital with 25 percent of its household electricity needs.
However, despite these important steps, challenges remain in Ethiopia. Although the country has permitted the Basel, Stockholm and Rotterdam conventions, laws and policies for environmentally sound management of hazardous （有害的）wastes are still not effective in preventing littering waste illegally.
To help Ethiopia meet these challenges, the Chemicals and Waste Management Program is supporting the country with a three-year project to enhance its capacity for sound management of hazardous wastes.
In the initial stages, a project management unit will be formed, made up of many representatives from government departments and private organizations. This unit will be responsible for reviewing and assessing Ethiopia's current legal system, which, despite numerous advances in recent years does not specifically target the recycling of hazardous waste. Once legal gaps are identified, the project will seek to update existing policies and strategies.
Many people in Ethiopia are not aware of the possible effect of environmental damage and the need to report such crimes to the police. To resolve this pressing issue, Ethiopia will be conducting a series of capacity-building activities, including creating awareness-raising programs ,training trainers and providing equipment.
Ethiopia will also work to establish a national mechanism for chemicals and waste management by engaging government departments and civil society groups. Authorities will also make budgetary provisions （预算拨款）in national, regional and institutional planning to ensure funding for these activities is sustainable even after the project's completion.
28. Which can replace the underlined word “incinerates" in paragraph 1
A. produces B. gathers C. burns D. absorbs
29. What's the main problem of Ethiopia in waste management
A. The funds are not sufficient. B. The shortage of workers is severe.
C. The pollution level is too high. D. The relevant laws are not sound.
30. What will Ethiopia do to help the natives protect the environment
A. Raise their environmental awareness.
B. Call on them to start some programs.
C. Reward them with budgetary provisions.
D. Restrict their environmental movement
31. What does the text mainly talk about
A. Ethiopia is facing serious environmental problems.
B. Ethiopia is putting efforts into waste management.
C. Ethiopia has achieved success in waste management.
D. Ethiopia has reduced environmental pollution levels.
D
\
Here on Earth where most of us live, we spend about a third of everyday lying down sleeping and two-thirds standing or sitting in an upright position.
That's not really how it goes in space when people are weightless and the zero gravity environment causes more liquid to shift to the head. Faces get swollen, legs lose volume and appear to be smaller. Many astronauts have complained of eye and back problems after coming back down to Earth and its gravity.
And now scientists say they have discovered some new risks with long-term space flight. A study published recently in JAMA Network Open , a medical journal, examined 11 healthy astronauts who had been on the International Space Station for six months. Eight of them had unusual characteristics observed in their blood. For instance, six of the astronauts had reverse （反向的）blood flow from their heads.
The lead author of the study says he doesn't know if that's actually harmful. The blood is still leaving the head from other pathways, so flowing backwards through a jugular vein.（颈静脉）may not be dangerous. But he says it does show a change in how blood moves through the body while in space.
Another issue the study found was blood clots （凝块）. One astronaut had one. Another showed signs of a partial blood clot. That is potentially harmful as the clots can block the flow of blood to the lungs. The astronaut who had one was treated for the rest of the spaceflight and made it home safely.
What does all this mean Well, one researcher says these issues have probably been occurring since humans first went into space and that they would likely resolve themselves when astronauts came back down to Earth. Knowing about them now gives doctors something else to monitor when people leave our atmosphere.
32. What causes the physical problems for astronauts
A. Sleeping for a long time. B. Staying in the spaceship.
C. The shift in their bodies. D. The zero gravity environment.
33. How many issues did the study newly find
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
34. What can we know about the blood clot
A. It is a threat to people's health. B. It was first found by astronauts.
C. It is a new kind of disease. D. It is a common problem.
35. What may be the best title for the text
A. Doctors have a new task for astronauts
B. Zero gravity stops astronauts flying in space
C. New risks are found in long-term space flight
D. It's dangerous for astronauts to fly into space
河南省新乡市2020届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you hear the word “castle” or the word “palace”, you may picture the same kind of building for both: large, made of stones, probably with a tower. And, of course, you’re not entirely wrong, as those are features of both palaces and castles.
So then why bother to visit one royal building in the United Kingdom Buckingham Palace and another in the same country Windsor Castle It turns out there is a difference, and you can find it pretty plainly in these two popular buildings.
The Case for Castles
Castles were residences for royalty. But they were also intended as defensive seats. Say you’re a king who has taken a particular area over. Now you have to hold it. So you build a castle and staff it with soldiers to defend your conquered territory and ensure it remains part of your kingdom.
Castles were built throughout Europe and the Middle East primarily for protection of the king and his people. Some common features of castles include:
● thick walls and heavy gates to keep invaders out
● protective low walls for archers to shoot with cover
● high towers for keeping a lookout over the surrounding lands
● gatehouses for admitting allies instead of allowing enemies into the castle
The Place for Palaces
Palaces, on the contrary, had no defensive purposes. They were first meant for showing off the great victory of the war. Palaces were where the spoils (战利品) of war might be displayed， along with grand architecture, massive banquet halls, golden table settings and maybe even hundreds of luxuriously decorated rooms.
While kings certainly took up residence in palaces as well as castles, nonmilitary royals might also have lived in (or still live in) palaces. Ministers could live in castles to show the power of their riches rather than their nonexistent military power. The term comes from Palatine Hill in Rome.
21. Which of the following is one feature of castles
A. Low towers surrounding castles.
B. Defensive low walls for shooting.
C. Gatehouses allowing enemies into the castle.
D. Thick walls and heavy gates to lock invaders in.
22. Why were palaces first built
A. To accommodate ordinary soldiers.
B. To show off the art of royal painting.
C. To display the huge success of the war.
D. To defend the king’s conquered territory.
23. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To list the reasons for kings’ living in palaces.
B. To show palaces are more popular than castles.
C. To make a comparison between castles and palaces.
D. To talk about the true value of castles in modern times.
B
Alice is a senior at Sunset High School (SHS) in America. The kids in her school are looking forward to senior graduation and summer vacation. And they still desire to live a significant life: doing something worthwhile and making a difference.
Alice, senior class president, decides to take action by organizing a food drive. She also decides to reach out to the community in the neighborhood for support.
She wrote, “Hi! My name is Alice and I’m a senior at Sunset! The SHS student government is hosting a drive and collecting the canned and boxed food for needy families. I know many students, in the slum (贫民窟) are not able to access regular meals without school. One-hundred percent of everything donated will go to families in need. So it would be amazing if anybody could donate any extra food and lay it around the house. I would be so happy to come by and pick up any extra food that anyone has and just let me know!”
So far, the community has made some 400 donations, and Alice has picked up each one. They’re left in brown paper bags around their houses, and she handles them with the latest gloves. It’s all packaged food, and the packaging is cleaned with disinfected wipes. Along with the rest of the student union, which brainstormed the idea last week, Alice is setting up distribution centers to dispense the food in the city so families can get what they need.
“In the community, I’ve seen so many people offering their help, and I’ve picked up so many donations from community residents,” Alice said. “It’s nice to see people supporting each other. I think it’s really good that we’re being more cautious, especially within the community,” Alice says. Every individual is aware of how to take care of themselves, their family and others around them. They join hands to make a big difference indeed. With everyone’s efforts, the donation work goes on easily and smoothly and many poor families have got help.
24. What do we know about the students at SHS in the text
A. They’re eager for a meaningful life.
B. They’ve helped to build a community.
C. They’ve graduated from senior high school.
D. They’re forced to do something worthwhile.
25. Why did Alice organize the food drive
A. To gain greater popularity.
B. To set up the SHS student union.
C. To get some food for families in need.
D. To donate food to the students in her school.
26. What does the underlined word “dispense” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Hand out. B. Chew up. C. Gain. D. Recycle.
27. What can be concluded from the last paragraph
A. East or west, home is best.
B. Many hands make work light.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. It’s good to learn at another man’s cost.
C
On the last Monday in May, people in the United States celebrate Memorial Day. This federal holiday honors members of the American military who died at war. Schools and government offices close. Most people in the US have this day off from work. People celebrate Memorial Day with outdoor parades.
Most Americans consider it the start of summer though the season really begins in June. With so many people off work, Memorial Day has also become a popular shopping day. However, on most occasions Memorial Day is a serious and even sorrowful holiday. Those who have lost family members at war visit burial sites to decorate the graves. They place flowers, wreaths and US flags on the graves.
Memorial Day comes from a tradition that began after the US Civil War called Decoration Day. The Civil War was a very dark time in the US history. Historians have long thought that about 620,000 soldiers died in the fighting. However, new research suggests that the dead numbered about 750,000.
In 1868, about 5,000 people gathered at Arlington National Cemetery on the edge of Washington, D. C. They decorated more than 10,000 graves of Union and Confederate soldiers. They called it Decoration Day.
The tradition spread to other areas of the country. In 1873, New York State called it Memorial Day and was the first to make it a legal holiday. Other states followed, but not all. Some southern states had (and still have) separate celebrations that honor only dead Confederate soldiers.
After World War I ended in 1918, Memorial Day became a day to honor all American soldiers killed at war. In 1971, Congress passed a law making it an official federal holiday all over America.
28. What’s the purpose of Memorial Day in America
A. To mark the start of summer.
B. To let people enjoy themselves.
C. To show respect to dead soldiers.
D. To set a holiday to encourage soldiers.
29. What(s the atmosphere of American Memorial Day like on most occasions
A. Sad. B. Casual. C. Pleasant. D. Relaxing.
30. When did Memorial Day become a legal holiday throughout the US
A. In 1868. B. In 1873. C. In 1918. D. In 1971.
31. What is the best title for the text
A. The Prospect of American Memorial Day
B. The Evolution of Memorial Day in the US
C. Members Honored on American Memorial Day
D. Celebration Activities on Memorial Day in the US
D
The other day, I bought an expensive anti-aging cream that promised to make my face look several years younger than other women by fighting free radicals (自由基). It made me curious about what free radicals are. Is the anti-aging cream the only way I need to protect myself
“As a scientific term, free radicals are essentially unstable atoms,” says Arizona-based doctor, Natasha Bhuyan, M. D. “In medicine, they cause cells to break down over time and are linked to aging.”
A super simple chemistry review for you: Atoms from different elements are the building blocks that make up water, nitrogen and more. Electrons (电子) are the negatively charged atoms, and they like to be in pairs. When an electron loses its partner, it creates a free radical, which is usually unstable and highly reactive. Free radicals typically go through the body to seek out a replacement for their missing electron, and that can result in damage to cells, proteins and DNA.
So how do free radicals form and why do they happen Bhuyan says, “Scientifically, free radicals are unpaired electrons that are seeking a mate to bond with. The theory behind free radicals is that they can lead to the imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). Another mini-science lesson for you: Antioxidants are natural or man-made matters that can help delay or prevent some types of cell damage. They’re often found in fruits and vegetables.
A lot of the aspects of modern life—our diet, lifestyle and environmental factors like pollution, can cause oxidative stress. Over time, oxidative stress weakens cells and tissues and can leave you more easily exposed to certain health issues, including cancer. And, as beauty marketers are keenly aware, oxidative stress can also speed up the aging process. Now that you know free radicals can weak on your health, you re probably wondering if there are any ways to prevent them from forming or at least to minimize their negative effects.
32. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1
A. Explain the process of aging.
B. Introduce the topic of free radicals.
C. State the formation of free radicals.
D. Describe the harm of anti-aging cream.
33. Which of the following do free radicals refer to
A. Unpaired electrons. B. Steady atoms.
C. Replacements of atoms. D. Functions of electrons.
34. What can we learn about antioxidants from the text
A. They have never been found in nature.
B. They do harm to cells, proteins and DNA.
C. They always keep balance with free radicals.
D. They can slow down the damage of some cells.
35. What will the author probably tell us next
A. What exactly oxidative stress is.
B. How beauty marketers promote sales.
C. Where a variety of diseases come from.
D. Whether free radicals can be prevented.
参考答案：
河南省新乡市2022届高三三模英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
河南省新乡市2021届高三三模英语试题
21 -23 CAB 24 27 CBAD 28 31 CDAB 32-35 DBAC
河南省新乡市2020届高三三模英语试题
阅读理解：
21～23 BCC
A篇：本文是一篇说明文，主要对城堡和宫殿进行比较。
21. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据The Case for Castles部分中的“protective low walls for archers to shoot with cover”可知，城堡的特征之一是为战斗而建的防御矮墙，其可为弓箭手射击提供掩护。
22. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据The Place for Palaces部分中的“They were first meant for showing off the great victory of the war. Palaces were where the spoils (战利品) of war might be displayed…”可知，最初建宫殿的目的是炫耀在战争中取得的伟大胜利。
23. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据全文可知，这篇文章主要对城堡和宫殿进行比较。
24～27 ACAB
B篇：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫Alice的高中生，积极组织食物募捐活动，并把食物送到困难家庭的故事。
24. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，SHS的同学们期待着高中毕业和暑假的到来。他们仍然渴望过有意义的生活：做一些有意义的事情，希望有所作为。
25. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Alice组织食物募捐活动是为了有需要的家庭获得一些食物。
26. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段最后两句可知，Alice和学生会的其余成员集思广益，在城市里建立多个分配中心分发食物，让那些困难家庭能够得到他们所需的食物。再结合本句中的关键词“distribution”可推知，dispense意为“分发”。
27. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，在大家的努力下，食物捐赠工作进展得很顺利，许多贫困家庭得到了帮助。故从最后一段可推知一个道理：众人拾柴火焰高（Many hands make work light）。
28～31 CADB
C篇：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的历史演变过程。
28. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，美国阵亡将士纪念日是为了纪念在战争中牺牲的美国军人，表达对他们的敬意。
29. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，在大多数场合，美国阵亡将士纪念日是一个严肃甚至悲伤的节日。
30. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，在1971年，美国国会通过法律，把阵亡将士纪念日确定为全美各地的官方联邦法定假日。
31. B 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的历史演变过程。
32～35 BADD
D篇：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了自由基是怎样形成和自由基是怎样影响人的身体。
32. B 【解析】推理判断题。第一段作者讲述了她买了一个抗衰老的面霜来抵抗自由基给脸部留下岁月的痕迹的事，从而引出自由基的话题。
33. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句以及第四段第二句可知，自由基是不成对的电子。
34. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第四句可知，抗氧化剂可以减缓或者阻止一些类型的细胞损害。
35. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者可能在下文中围绕“自由基的形成是否能被阻止”这个话题展开阐述。
阅读理解专题
河南省新乡市2022届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
These large hairy creatures have been sighted around the world, and they appear frequently in ancient folklore. Here are some of the best places you should visit as you search for Yeti and Bigfoot.
Willow Creek, California
Called the gateway to Bigfoot Country, Willow Creek is the site of the most famous Bigfoot footage—the classic photo of the dark, hairy creature traveling across the actual Willow Creek in Six Rivers National Forest. A museum in the town houses a series of casts of Bigfeet's footprints, photos, and other information and evidence about the being.
Ontario, Canada
A hunter and his wife thought it was a moose (麋鹿) call when they heard a long loud shout in the northwestern Ontario wilderness, but then they heard it again and found some big humanoid footprints. BFRO has 68 Bigfoot reports from Ontario, the most recent of which was in July 2020 when campers reported hearing howls and cracking branches near their campsite.
Michigan's Upper Peninsula
There have been hundreds of sightings of Bigfoot in the Upper Peninsula, and some witnesses claim to have seen entire packs of the ape-like creatures. The Upper Peninsula is heavily wooded and offers many areas for the monsters to hide.
Fouke, Arkansas
The small town in southwest Arkansas is known as the Bigfoot Capital of the midwestern state. A reported Bigfoot attack in Fouke even inspired a 1970s film called The Legend of Boggy Creek. When reports of the monster first made the rounds in the mid-1800s, residents assumed the creature was a survivor of the New Madrid earthquake who had lost his mind from the injury.
1. What is special about Willow Creek
A. It is home to various rare birds.
B. It is suitable to camp in all seasons.
C. It has a museum related to Bigfoot.
D. It is the best site to take pictures with friends.
2. What do we know about the hunter and his wife
A. They heard the strange sound only once.
B. They once watched a 1970s film together.
C. They might mistake the Bigfoot's shout as a deer call.
D. They were very interested in the lifestyle of wildlife.
3. What caused the production of the film The Legend of Boggy Creek
A. The Bigfoot attack. B. The residents' response.
C. The earthquake's effects. D. The serious injury of a survivor.
B
Grace Murray Hopper was at the forefront of computer and programming language development from the 1930s through the 1980s. One of the achievements of her 4-year career was the development of computer languages written in English rather than mathematical concept—the common business computing language known as COBOL, which is still in use today. Hopper’s contribution is still honored by the annual Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing Conference.
Edith Clarke was a pioneering electrical engineer at the turn of the 20th century. She worked as a “computer”, someone who performed difficult mathematical calculations before modern-day computers and calculators were invented. Clarke struggled to find work as a female engineer instead of the “usual” jobs allowed for women of her time, and became the first professionally employed female electrical engineer in the United States in 1922.
On June 18,1983, Sally Ride transformed history when she became the first American woman to fly into space. After her second space flight, Ride decided to retire from NASA and pursue her passion for education by inspiring young people. As a result, she founded Sally Ride Science, an organization devoted to supporting students interested in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math). Ride passed away in 2012, but her work continued to inspire young women across the country.
Virginia Holsinger was an American chemist known for her research on dairy products and food security issues. Holsinger developed a nutritious drink mixture that is distributed internationally by food donation programs as a substitute for milk. She also created a grain blend that can be prepared with water to provide food for victims of famine (饥荒), drought, and war. Additionally, her work formed the basis for commercial products to make milk digestible by people. Through these discoveries, Holsinger’s work has had a major influence on worldwide public health.
4. What do Grace Murray Hopper and Edith Clarke have in common
A. They were both programmers. B. They were good at computers.
C. They achieved a lot in their own careers. D. They struggled to find their suitable jobs.
5. What can we know from Edith Clarke’ experience
A. The majority of engineers of her day were men.
B. Eith Clarke invented modern computers and calculators.
C. Edith Clarke was not expert at mathematical calculations.
D. Female engineers became popular due to Edith Clarke’s efforts.
6. What did Ride do after her second space flight
A She was talked into retiring from NASA.
B. She gave up her work in Sally Ride Science.
C. She continued to lead young American women.
D. She started to offer help to students keen on STEM.
7. What does the underlined word “blend” in the last paragraph mean
A. Donation B. Mixture. C. Producer. D. Container.
C
As we face climate change, a new digital tool helps expand carbon-free energy without damaging the wildlife habitats. In Maine, the Renewable Energy Siting Tool is a newly released map that allows the clean energy developers to identify the sites for solar and wind projects while avoiding those with sensitive wildlife habitats. Sarah Haggerty, the lead developer, notes that the tool came into being thanks to the data provided by Maine’s Depar-ment of Environmental Protection, state biologists, clean energy developers, as well as financial support from the bank.
Based on data on land-use, habitats, energy resources, etc., the tool uses a traffic-light model to identify sites suitable for development and sites to avoid. Fields like landfills are shown in green, wetland areas or rare species habitats are shown in red, while yellow shown areas indicate that closer examination of project impacts is necessary.
The tool was developed after Maine passed a law requiring that 80% of Maine’s electricity come from renewable resources by 2030. Haggerty says, “We are in urgent need of this tool to help us fight climate change in a way that reduces impact on our valuable natural resources.” Maine is the most forested state in the nation, and agriculture, natural resources, and nature tourism play important roles in its economy. Yet the state is among the top five in losing its farmland to development. It makes little sense to develop clean energy projects at the expense of farmland.
When developers announce a clean energy project, they often face disagreement from community members who are concerned about the loss of valuable farmland or the impact on wildlife. This can discourage investors and slow the transition to renewable energy. Luckily, this tool can help developers speed up the development of clean energy by quickly identifying suitable land. Clean energy development needn’t come at the expense of wildlife.
8. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. How the new tool works. B. How the new tool is adjusted.
C. How the new tool is developed. D. How the new tool collects data.
9. What is the function of the new tool
A. To protect Maine’s renewable resources. B. To apply clean energy to wildlife habitats.
C. To improve the effective use of clean energy. D. To balance clean energy and wildlife habitats.
10. Which word best describes Haggerty’s attitude to the new tool
A. Skeptical. B. Tolerant.
C. Conservative. D. Positive.
11. From which is the text probably taken
A. A news review. B. A science magazine.
C. A travel brochure. D. A geography textbook.
D
Almost every human being loves their passions. There are so many ways to go after and build such passions. Some of these come easily and automatically, such as when we were young and everything was new. Those new things made our passions rise. That first day of school, seeing old friends and new friends, could be a quick and huge hit on the passion button.
In my book How to Ignite Your Passion for Living, I make the point that, from my experience, passion can start to fade a bit as we age. But, thankfully, passion can be manufactured. All you need to do is put something together in an unusual, better, or at least new-to-you way.
One of the keys to manufacturing passion is to set difficult goals and work towards them. I clearly remember when I was 27 years old, I set a goal of making $ 1 million for myself by the time I hit age 30. What a huge turn on that was for me. It really boosted my passion. I was one year late in hitting that goal, but having that huge and exciting goal really kept me and my passion going.
From about age 25, your brain produces less and less dopamine and serotonin, the hormones (荷尔蒙) that help you feel good and fan the flames of passion. Although a child’s body are full of these hormones, we need to work on stimulating our system to produce more of these hormones as we age. We can do this by eating the right foods, exercising, and, most importantly, setting the right goals that keep us going after them.
Passion for living comes and goes. Our big challenge then is to figure out what our passion is, what turns our lights on and gets us excited. When we figure that out, we can do it more and more. And it’s always a good idea to write down our goals that keep our passion going so it will stick in our brain, pushing us to go after the goals.
12. What can we know from the first paragraph
A. The young are fond of something old. B. Human being can't live without passion.
C. Even a small thing can start our passion. D. Passions are easy to build but hard to keep.
13. What does the example in the third paragraph suggest
A. Passion will become less as we age. B. Passion is something to make money.
C. Passion should start as young as possible. D. Passion is sometimes the product of a great goal.
14. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Our passion. B. Our challenge.
C. The goal. D. The idea.
15. What is best title for the text
A. How to Set Goals B. How to Stimulate Passion
C. What Is Passion D. What Makes Passion
河南省新乡市2021届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Each week Visit Indy publishes some events for the upcoming weekend. Here are some of them.
Fan Powered World Tour
Harlem Globetrotters, the world-famous basketball stars celebrate their fans on this tour with more interactive experiences than ever before. You have two opportunities to catch the show as the Globetrotters face the Washington Generals on both Friday and Monday at Bankers Life Fieldhouse. Tickets are $ 26 and up.
Basketball Day of Indiana
Indiana's love of basketball is famous, and Saturday's celebration will please fans from high school to college. Bankers Life Fieldhouse hosts high school girls and boys playing
during the afternoon. You will watch the game between Pacers and the Dallas Mavericks there that evening. Tickets start at $ 22.
MLK Day Celebration
Honor the memory of Dr, King as local artists present poetry, music, and dance that show the theme of love. Dr. King felt it was important to communicate with each other in order to break down barriers. Visitors to the Sunday's free program in Newfields are advised to do that via social activities and by participating in a donation drive.
Jingle Rails
Get your pleasure on Route 66 for one final weekend this season. See Mt. Rushmore, Old Faithful and the Grand Canyon, as well as local treasures like Monument Circle, Hilbert Circle Theatre, and the Indiana State Fair. Tickets start at $ 33.
21. Where can you watch basketball games
A. On Mt. Rushmore. B. In Newfields.
C. At Bankers Life Fieldhouse. D. In the Grand Canyon.
22. Which event is free of charge
A. MLK Day Celebration. B. Basketball Day of Indiana.
C. Fan Powered World Tour. D. Jingle Rails.
23. What can you do after participating in Jingle Rails
A. Have a talk with stars. B. Visit places of interest.
C. Volunteer for a charity. D. Live with Local people.
B
When I was young, I had a wrong understanding of being great. I believed I was special and different and should be rich and famous because of my talent. I was going to live my dream rather than being a “normal“ person. But as time passed, reality set in and my perspective changed.
I am a teacher, married to a salesman with a baby and a mortgage （按揭贷款）.Could my life be more normal Yet, I am okay with this.
Were I to have a conversation with my twenty-year-old self, she wouldn't understand why I'm not going to NYC to get an audition （试演）.In four years my coworkers have never heard me sing. If I'd bought a house, it should have been in an interesting neighborhood with coffee houses at every corner. She would laugh at the corner house in the neighborhood I now call home.
But I know things she didn't know. Life is so much more complicated, wonderful and terrible. I know what it means to work for love, not just sitting back and letting it happen the way it can when you're young. I know about bringing life into the world, and the complexity of emotions.
My life is simple. It is small, and may seem interchangeable with so many other lives there. I may never make an impact outside my house. But I've learned it is important to be relative. To my little girl, I am irreplaceable. When she cries, she calls for "Mama”. When she reaches out, it's for me alone. So, is it a small life It's perfectly fine to me. In fact, I think it's what I've wanted all along.
24. What was the author like when she was young
A. She was brave. B. She was honest.
C. She was proud. D. She was cautious.
25. Why does the author imagine talking to her twenty-year-old self
A. To reveal the key to her success.
B. To show she has become mature.
C To prove her dream has come true.
D. To introduce her present unhappiness.
26. What is the author's present focus
A. Caring for her family.
B. Opening her heart to the world.
C. Living with her daughter specially.
D. Learning the complexity of emotions.
27. What does the author intend to tell us in the text
A. We can be the one we feel satisfied with.
B. We can achieve our dreams if we work hard.
C. We should keep in contact with our families.
D. We will come back to a normal life some day.
C
In recent years, Ethiopia has become a regional leader in solid waste management. Last year, the country transformed the landfill （垃圾填埋场）in Addis Ababa into a new waste — to — energy plant, the first such project on the continent. The plant incinerates up to 1,400 tonnes of waste every day, about 80 percent of the city's rubbish, supplying the capital with 25 percent of its household electricity needs.
However, despite these important steps, challenges remain in Ethiopia. Although the country has permitted the Basel, Stockholm and Rotterdam conventions, laws and policies for environmentally sound management of hazardous （有害的）wastes are still not effective in preventing littering waste illegally.
To help Ethiopia meet these challenges, the Chemicals and Waste Management Program is supporting the country with a three-year project to enhance its capacity for sound management of hazardous wastes.
In the initial stages, a project management unit will be formed, made up of many representatives from government departments and private organizations. This unit will be responsible for reviewing and assessing Ethiopia's current legal system, which, despite numerous advances in recent years does not specifically target the recycling of hazardous waste. Once legal gaps are identified, the project will seek to update existing policies and strategies.
Many people in Ethiopia are not aware of the possible effect of environmental damage and the need to report such crimes to the police. To resolve this pressing issue, Ethiopia will be conducting a series of capacity-building activities, including creating awareness-raising programs ,training trainers and providing equipment.
Ethiopia will also work to establish a national mechanism for chemicals and waste management by engaging government departments and civil society groups. Authorities will also make budgetary provisions （预算拨款）in national, regional and institutional planning to ensure funding for these activities is sustainable even after the project's completion.
28. Which can replace the underlined word “incinerates" in paragraph 1
A. produces B. gathers C. burns D. absorbs
29. What's the main problem of Ethiopia in waste management
A. The funds are not sufficient. B. The shortage of workers is severe.
C. The pollution level is too high. D. The relevant laws are not sound.
30. What will Ethiopia do to help the natives protect the environment
A. Raise their environmental awareness.
B. Call on them to start some programs.
C. Reward them with budgetary provisions.
D. Restrict their environmental movement
31. What does the text mainly talk about
A. Ethiopia is facing serious environmental problems.
B. Ethiopia is putting efforts into waste management.
C. Ethiopia has achieved success in waste management.
D. Ethiopia has reduced environmental pollution levels.
D
\
Here on Earth where most of us live, we spend about a third of everyday lying down sleeping and two-thirds standing or sitting in an upright position.
That's not really how it goes in space when people are weightless and the zero gravity environment causes more liquid to shift to the head. Faces get swollen, legs lose volume and appear to be smaller. Many astronauts have complained of eye and back problems after coming back down to Earth and its gravity.
And now scientists say they have discovered some new risks with long-term space flight. A study published recently in JAMA Network Open , a medical journal, examined 11 healthy astronauts who had been on the International Space Station for six months. Eight of them had unusual characteristics observed in their blood. For instance, six of the astronauts had reverse （反向的）blood flow from their heads.
The lead author of the study says he doesn't know if that's actually harmful. The blood is still leaving the head from other pathways, so flowing backwards through a jugular vein.（颈静脉）may not be dangerous. But he says it does show a change in how blood moves through the body while in space.
Another issue the study found was blood clots （凝块）. One astronaut had one. Another showed signs of a partial blood clot. That is potentially harmful as the clots can block the flow of blood to the lungs. The astronaut who had one was treated for the rest of the spaceflight and made it home safely.
What does all this mean Well, one researcher says these issues have probably been occurring since humans first went into space and that they would likely resolve themselves when astronauts came back down to Earth. Knowing about them now gives doctors something else to monitor when people leave our atmosphere.
32. What causes the physical problems for astronauts
A. Sleeping for a long time. B. Staying in the spaceship.
C. The shift in their bodies. D. The zero gravity environment.
33. How many issues did the study newly find
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
34. What can we know about the blood clot
A. It is a threat to people's health. B. It was first found by astronauts.
C. It is a new kind of disease. D. It is a common problem.
35. What may be the best title for the text
A. Doctors have a new task for astronauts
B. Zero gravity stops astronauts flying in space
C. New risks are found in long-term space flight
D. It's dangerous for astronauts to fly into space
河南省新乡市2020届高三三模英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you hear the word “castle” or the word “palace”, you may picture the same kind of building for both: large, made of stones, probably with a tower. And, of course, you’re not entirely wrong, as those are features of both palaces and castles.
So then why bother to visit one royal building in the United Kingdom Buckingham Palace and another in the same country Windsor Castle It turns out there is a difference, and you can find it pretty plainly in these two popular buildings.
The Case for Castles
Castles were residences for royalty. But they were also intended as defensive seats. Say you’re a king who has taken a particular area over. Now you have to hold it. So you build a castle and staff it with soldiers to defend your conquered territory and ensure it remains part of your kingdom.
Castles were built throughout Europe and the Middle East primarily for protection of the king and his people. Some common features of castles include:
● thick walls and heavy gates to keep invaders out
● protective low walls for archers to shoot with cover
● high towers for keeping a lookout over the surrounding lands
● gatehouses for admitting allies instead of allowing enemies into the castle
The Place for Palaces
Palaces, on the contrary, had no defensive purposes. They were first meant for showing off the great victory of the war. Palaces were where the spoils (战利品) of war might be displayed， along with grand architecture, massive banquet halls, golden table settings and maybe even hundreds of luxuriously decorated rooms.
While kings certainly took up residence in palaces as well as castles, nonmilitary royals might also have lived in (or still live in) palaces. Ministers could live in castles to show the power of their riches rather than their nonexistent military power. The term comes from Palatine Hill in Rome.
21. Which of the following is one feature of castles
A. Low towers surrounding castles.
B. Defensive low walls for shooting.
C. Gatehouses allowing enemies into the castle.
D. Thick walls and heavy gates to lock invaders in.
22. Why were palaces first built
A. To accommodate ordinary soldiers.
B. To show off the art of royal painting.
C. To display the huge success of the war.
D. To defend the king’s conquered territory.
23. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To list the reasons for kings’ living in palaces.
B. To show palaces are more popular than castles.
C. To make a comparison between castles and palaces.
D. To talk about the true value of castles in modern times.
B
Alice is a senior at Sunset High School (SHS) in America. The kids in her school are looking forward to senior graduation and summer vacation. And they still desire to live a significant life: doing something worthwhile and making a difference.
Alice, senior class president, decides to take action by organizing a food drive. She also decides to reach out to the community in the neighborhood for support.
She wrote, “Hi! My name is Alice and I’m a senior at Sunset! The SHS student government is hosting a drive and collecting the canned and boxed food for needy families. I know many students, in the slum (贫民窟) are not able to access regular meals without school. One-hundred percent of everything donated will go to families in need. So it would be amazing if anybody could donate any extra food and lay it around the house. I would be so happy to come by and pick up any extra food that anyone has and just let me know!”
So far, the community has made some 400 donations, and Alice has picked up each one. They’re left in brown paper bags around their houses, and she handles them with the latest gloves. It’s all packaged food, and the packaging is cleaned with disinfected wipes. Along with the rest of the student union, which brainstormed the idea last week, Alice is setting up distribution centers to dispense the food in the city so families can get what they need.
“In the community, I’ve seen so many people offering their help, and I’ve picked up so many donations from community residents,” Alice said. “It’s nice to see people supporting each other. I think it’s really good that we’re being more cautious, especially within the community,” Alice says. Every individual is aware of how to take care of themselves, their family and others around them. They join hands to make a big difference indeed. With everyone’s efforts, the donation work goes on easily and smoothly and many poor families have got help.
24. What do we know about the students at SHS in the text
A. They’re eager for a meaningful life.
B. They’ve helped to build a community.
C. They’ve graduated from senior high school.
D. They’re forced to do something worthwhile.
25. Why did Alice organize the food drive
A. To gain greater popularity.
B. To set up the SHS student union.
C. To get some food for families in need.
D. To donate food to the students in her school.
26. What does the underlined word “dispense” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Hand out. B. Chew up. C. Gain. D. Recycle.
27. What can be concluded from the last paragraph
A. East or west, home is best.
B. Many hands make work light.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. It’s good to learn at another man’s cost.
C
On the last Monday in May, people in the United States celebrate Memorial Day. This federal holiday honors members of the American military who died at war. Schools and government offices close. Most people in the US have this day off from work. People celebrate Memorial Day with outdoor parades.
Most Americans consider it the start of summer though the season really begins in June. With so many people off work, Memorial Day has also become a popular shopping day. However, on most occasions Memorial Day is a serious and even sorrowful holiday. Those who have lost family members at war visit burial sites to decorate the graves. They place flowers, wreaths and US flags on the graves.
Memorial Day comes from a tradition that began after the US Civil War called Decoration Day. The Civil War was a very dark time in the US history. Historians have long thought that about 620,000 soldiers died in the fighting. However, new research suggests that the dead numbered about 750,000.
In 1868, about 5,000 people gathered at Arlington National Cemetery on the edge of Washington, D. C. They decorated more than 10,000 graves of Union and Confederate soldiers. They called it Decoration Day.
The tradition spread to other areas of the country. In 1873, New York State called it Memorial Day and was the first to make it a legal holiday. Other states followed, but not all. Some southern states had (and still have) separate celebrations that honor only dead Confederate soldiers.
After World War I ended in 1918, Memorial Day became a day to honor all American soldiers killed at war. In 1971, Congress passed a law making it an official federal holiday all over America.
28. What’s the purpose of Memorial Day in America
A. To mark the start of summer.
B. To let people enjoy themselves.
C. To show respect to dead soldiers.
D. To set a holiday to encourage soldiers.
29. What(s the atmosphere of American Memorial Day like on most occasions
A. Sad. B. Casual. C. Pleasant. D. Relaxing.
30. When did Memorial Day become a legal holiday throughout the US
A. In 1868. B. In 1873. C. In 1918. D. In 1971.
31. What is the best title for the text
A. The Prospect of American Memorial Day
B. The Evolution of Memorial Day in the US
C. Members Honored on American Memorial Day
D. Celebration Activities on Memorial Day in the US
D
The other day, I bought an expensive anti-aging cream that promised to make my face look several years younger than other women by fighting free radicals (自由基). It made me curious about what free radicals are. Is the anti-aging cream the only way I need to protect myself
“As a scientific term, free radicals are essentially unstable atoms,” says Arizona-based doctor, Natasha Bhuyan, M. D. “In medicine, they cause cells to break down over time and are linked to aging.”
A super simple chemistry review for you: Atoms from different elements are the building blocks that make up water, nitrogen and more. Electrons (电子) are the negatively charged atoms, and they like to be in pairs. When an electron loses its partner, it creates a free radical, which is usually unstable and highly reactive. Free radicals typically go through the body to seek out a replacement for their missing electron, and that can result in damage to cells, proteins and DNA.
So how do free radicals form and why do they happen Bhuyan says, “Scientifically, free radicals are unpaired electrons that are seeking a mate to bond with. The theory behind free radicals is that they can lead to the imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). Another mini-science lesson for you: Antioxidants are natural or man-made matters that can help delay or prevent some types of cell damage. They’re often found in fruits and vegetables.
A lot of the aspects of modern life—our diet, lifestyle and environmental factors like pollution, can cause oxidative stress. Over time, oxidative stress weakens cells and tissues and can leave you more easily exposed to certain health issues, including cancer. And, as beauty marketers are keenly aware, oxidative stress can also speed up the aging process. Now that you know free radicals can weak on your health, you re probably wondering if there are any ways to prevent them from forming or at least to minimize their negative effects.
32. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1
A. Explain the process of aging.
B. Introduce the topic of free radicals.
C. State the formation of free radicals.
D. Describe the harm of anti-aging cream.
33. Which of the following do free radicals refer to
A. Unpaired electrons. B. Steady atoms.
C. Replacements of atoms. D. Functions of electrons.
34. What can we learn about antioxidants from the text
A. They have never been found in nature.
B. They do harm to cells, proteins and DNA.
C. They always keep balance with free radicals.
D. They can slow down the damage of some cells.
35. What will the author probably tell us next
A. What exactly oxidative stress is.
B. How beauty marketers promote sales.
C. Where a variety of diseases come from.
D. Whether free radicals can be prevented.
参考答案：
河南省新乡市2022届高三三模英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
河南省新乡市2021届高三三模英语试题
21 -23 CAB 24 27 CBAD 28 31 CDAB 32-35 DBAC
河南省新乡市2020届高三三模英语试题
阅读理解：
21～23 BCC
A篇：本文是一篇说明文，主要对城堡和宫殿进行比较。
21. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据The Case for Castles部分中的“protective low walls for archers to shoot with cover”可知，城堡的特征之一是为战斗而建的防御矮墙，其可为弓箭手射击提供掩护。
22. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据The Place for Palaces部分中的“They were first meant for showing off the great victory of the war. Palaces were where the spoils (战利品) of war might be displayed…”可知，最初建宫殿的目的是炫耀在战争中取得的伟大胜利。
23. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据全文可知，这篇文章主要对城堡和宫殿进行比较。
24～27 ACAB
B篇：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫Alice的高中生，积极组织食物募捐活动，并把食物送到困难家庭的故事。
24. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，SHS的同学们期待着高中毕业和暑假的到来。他们仍然渴望过有意义的生活：做一些有意义的事情，希望有所作为。
25. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Alice组织食物募捐活动是为了有需要的家庭获得一些食物。
26. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段最后两句可知，Alice和学生会的其余成员集思广益，在城市里建立多个分配中心分发食物，让那些困难家庭能够得到他们所需的食物。再结合本句中的关键词“distribution”可推知，dispense意为“分发”。
27. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，在大家的努力下，食物捐赠工作进展得很顺利，许多贫困家庭得到了帮助。故从最后一段可推知一个道理：众人拾柴火焰高（Many hands make work light）。
28～31 CADB
C篇：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的历史演变过程。
28. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，美国阵亡将士纪念日是为了纪念在战争中牺牲的美国军人，表达对他们的敬意。
29. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，在大多数场合，美国阵亡将士纪念日是一个严肃甚至悲伤的节日。
30. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，在1971年，美国国会通过法律，把阵亡将士纪念日确定为全美各地的官方联邦法定假日。
31. B 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的历史演变过程。
32～35 BADD
D篇：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了自由基是怎样形成和自由基是怎样影响人的身体。
32. B 【解析】推理判断题。第一段作者讲述了她买了一个抗衰老的面霜来抵抗自由基给脸部留下岁月的痕迹的事，从而引出自由基的话题。
33. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句以及第四段第二句可知，自由基是不成对的电子。
34. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第四句可知，抗氧化剂可以减缓或者阻止一些类型的细胞损害。
35. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者可能在下文中围绕“自由基的形成是否能被阻止”这个话题展开阐述。