2022届安徽省部分学校高三最后一卷英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

2022届安徽省部分学校高三最后一卷英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022届安徽省合肥一六八中学高三最后一卷英语试题（解析版）
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Lascaux Writing Contest Guidelines
The Lascaux Prizes in Creative Non-fiction and Short Fiction are presently open for submission. The Lascaux Prizes in Flash Fiction and Poetry will reopen on October 1, 2020.
Prizes
Winner receives $1,000, a silver medal, and publication online in The Lascaux Review. The winner and all finalists will be published in the annual print journal Lascaux 8. Contest participants can download the Lascaux works for free.
Rules
Creative Non-fiction: Creative non-fiction may include memoirs, personal essays and literary journalism-anything the author has witnessed, experienced or discovered. Submissions should be within a length of 10,000 words. Pieces should be written in a non-academic style. Submissions close on December 31, 2020.
Short Fiction: Submissions should be no more than 10,000 words. There are no restrictions on the style or subject matter. Submissions close on February 28, 2021.
Flash Fiction: Writers may enter more than once, and as many as three stories per entry, all filed in one document. Single story should be not more than 1,000 words. Because editors are working in different workplaces, the Review is unable to accept submissions via postal mail. All topics are welcome. Submissions close on April 30, 2021.
Poetry: Poets may enter more than once, and as many as five poems may be submitted per entry. All are filed in one document. There are no length restrictions. All styles are welcome. Submissions close on June 30, 2021.
Entry Fee
Entry fee is $15.All the fees are intended entirely as prize money and operating expenses. Editors, judges, and other staff at The Lascaux Review are unpaid volunteers.
1. What does each of the participants get
A A souvenir medal. B. An honor certificate.
C. Yearly print magazines. D. Free downloads of works.
2 What does a flash fiction participant have to do
A. Use the given theme.
B. Submit over three stories at a time.
C. Limit each story to 1,000 words.
D. Send his submissions by postal mail.
3. What is the final date for the admission of poetry
A. June 30, 2021. B. April 30, 2021. C. February 28, 2021. D. December 31, 2020.
B
During the period from 1660 through 1800, Great Britain became the world’s leader. Language itself became submitted to rules during this period. This need to fix the English language is best illustrated in the making of The Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson. Guides to the English language had been in existence before Johnson began his project in 1746. These, however, were often little more than lists of hard words. When definitions of common words were supplied, they were often unhelpful. For example, a “horse” was defined in an early dictionary as “a beast well known”.
Johnson changed all that, but the task was not an easy one. Renting a house at 17 Gough Square, Johnson began working in the worst of conditions. Supported only by his publisher, Johnson worked on the Dictionary with five pared to the French Academy’s dictionary, which took forty workers fifty-five years to complete (1639-1694), Johnson’s dictionary was completed by very few people very quickly.
Balanced on a chair with only three legs, Johnson sat against a wall in a room filled with books. Johnson would read widely from these books, mark passages illustrating the use of a particular word, and give the books to his assistants so that they could copy the passages on slips of paper. These slips were then stuck to eighty large notebooks under the key words that Johnson had selected. Fixing the word by this method, Johnson could record a word’s usage and its definition.
How many passages were used According to Johnson’s modern biographer Walter Jackson Bate, the original total number could have been over 240, 000. How many words were defined by the lexicographer Over 40, 000 words appeared in two large books in April of 1755. Did Johnson fully understand the huge task he was undertaking when he began As he told his contemporary biographer James Boswell, “I knew very well what I was undertaking and very well how to do it—and have done it very well.
4. What is the problem of early English dictionaries
A. They only offer simple pictures.
B. They list just a few foreign words.
C. They simply give some translations.
D. They add no more than some big words.
5. Why does the author mention the French Academy’s dictionary in Paragraph 2
A. To indicate how easy it is to complete a dictionary.
B. To show the importance of cooperation in work.
C. To highlight the efficiency of Johnson and his assistants.
D. To compare the difference between French and English.
6. What does the underlined word ”lexicographer“ in Paragraph4 refer to
A. A dictionary publisher. B. A biographer.
C. A dictionary maker. D. An assistant.
7. Which of the following can best describe Samuel Johnson
A. Ambitious and pessimistic. B. Humorous and hardworking.
C. Dependent and professional. D. Determined and strong-willed.
C
Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.
The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.
But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.
That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.
The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.
Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption（豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.
Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.
Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.
8. The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________.
A. a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend
B. the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention
C. anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons
D. information about measles spreads quickly
9. Herd immunity works well when ____________.
A. exemptions are allowed
B. several vaccines are used together
C. the whole neighborhood is involved in
D. new regulations are added to the state laws
10. What is the main reason for the comeback of measles
A. The overuse of vaccine.
B. The lack of medical care.
C. The features of measles itself.
D. The vaccine opt-outs of some people.
11. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To introduce the idea of exemption.
B. To discuss methods to cure measles.
C. To stress the importance of vaccination.
D. To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.
D
Do you find yourself unable to go more than 15 minutes without reaching into your pocket, pulling out your smart phone and checking your e-mail or WeChat Don't panic. You are hardly alone. A recent survey shows that smart phone users have developed "checking habit"—frequently checks of e-mails and other Apps. The checks normally lasted less than 30 seconds and were often done every 10minutes.
On average, the study subjects check their phones 34 times a day. And the strangest part is that they don't even realize they are doing it. "I hadn't told my hand to reach out for the phone. It seemed to be doing it all on its own," wrote Elizabeth Cohen, a medical correspondent for CNN who watched her right hand sneaking away from her side to grab her phone while sitting on the table at dinner with friends.
Loren Frank, a neuroscientist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), explains that checking smart phones is rewarding in some way. "Each time you get an e-mail, it's a little bit exciting, because it means a positive feedback that you're an important person," Frank told CNN. Once the brain becomes used to this positive feedback, reaching out for the phone becomes an automatic action you don't even think about consciously, said Frank. Professor Clifford Nass of Stanford University added that constantly checking your smart phone is also “an attempt to not have to think hard but feel like you are doing something".
However, every coin has two sides. This habit can cause problems. Study show that whenever you take a break from what you are doing to check your smart phone, it is hard to go back to your original task, according to Adam Gazzaley, a neurologist at UCSF. That's not the worst. A survey by South Korean marriage consulting agency Duo earlier this year shows that smart phones are destroying intimate relationships, reports The Korea Herald (韩国先驱报). About half or the respondents said they had had fights with their boyfriend or girlfriend because of smart phones. And 32.8 percent of them fought about smart phone obsession. In this respect, checking smart-phones at regular intervals is a bad habit. But just as an old saying goes, "Bad habits die hard.”
So to get rid of the checking habit, Cohen suggests establishing phone-free times and zones.
12. What is the most unusual part of the study subjects
A. The times of phone checks.
B. The lasting time of phone checks.
C The unawareness of checking phones.
D. The high frequency of checking phones.
13. What does Loren Frank think of checking smart-phones frequently
A. It is worthwhile in some way.
B. It is necessary to think hard.
C. It is unimportant for those busy people.
D. It is likely to cause neurological diseases.
14. Which of the following is the worst effect of the “checking habit” has on phone users
A. They might not have a good rest.
B. They would be taken in by other people.
C. They might get distract from their work.
D. They would lost time to keep close relationship.
15. What is the main purpose of writing this passage
A. To introduce a smart-phone consumption survey.
B. To present the obsession with smart-phone checking.
C. To list the advantage of smart-phone checking habit.
D. To offer the ways to quit smart-phone checking habit.
2022届安徽省合肥市第一中学高三最后一卷英语试题
第一节（共 15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Get a Glimpse of College Life on the Harvard Campus
Application for summer 2022 is now open!
Test your intellect（智力）without the pressure of letter grades. You will be challenged by Ivy League scholars as you immerse yourself in one subject in a small class of approximately 15 students. Classes are non-credit, so you can take a college-level course for learning's sake.
●Live a balanced (college) life. When class is not in session, you can participate in creative and social activities. Join in co-curricular activities that stimulate your mind. And take time to have fun and get to know your peers.
●Discover your passions. Whether you're undecided about potential areas of study or want to take a deeper dive into subject you love, the Pre-College Program can help you find what really excites you.
How to Apply
The admissions committee is looking for mature, academically motivated students who meet both of the following criteria:
●Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2023 or 2024
●Are at least 16 years old by June 18, 2022, and will not turrn 19 years old before July 31, 2022
The Course Experience
With over 30 courses to choose from in each session of three, you're sure to find a topic that inspires your interest.
You take one course during a session, and although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, they are rigorous（严格的）.
At the end of the program, you'll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a Harvard transcript（成绩单） with a grade of AR or NM（"above requirements" or "requirements not met"）. This is a great way to boost your college application.
Explore the 2022 course catalog or browse courses.
Cost: $4, 950+$75 application fee, $100 health insurance (The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. )
Learn More About Costs Option
21. What can we learn from the pre-college program
A. It consists of online courses and other activities.
B. Learners have no worry of receiving evaluation.
C. It offers learners over 90 non-credit courses in all.
D. Learners socialize on campus to find their academic interest.
22. What information can we acquire from the this web page
A. The course experience. B. The program calendar.
C. Costs and aid options. D. Admission procedures.
23. Who can apply for the program
A. High school graduates of 2022. B. Those below 16 by July 31, 2022.
C. Those above 19 before June 18, 2022. D. Students 17 entering college in 2023.
B
Francis Kéré was named as the winner of the 2022 Pritzker prize, architecture's highest international honor. He is the first African architect to be recognized in the influential award's 43-year history.
"Francis Kéré's entire body of work shows us the power of materiality（物质性） rooted in place, " said the Pritzker jury（评委会）, "His buildings, for and with communities, are directly of those communities - in their making, their materials, their programs and their unique characters. They have presence without pretence and an impact shaped by grace. "
Born in Gando in 1965, Kéré was the first in his community to attend school, sent away at the age of seven, after which he won a scholarship to study woodwork in Germany. He saw slim chances for a career in carpentry and switched to architecture at the Technical University of Berlin. For his final project he designed a primary school for his home village - and set about fundraising and mobilizing friends and family to see it built. He thought he owed a lot to his community. The project was realized in 200, for about 妥20, 00.
Kéré's Gando primary school set out the basic principles that would go on to define his work, using earth bricks made on site, topped with a perforated（有孔的） ceiling crowned by a thin "flying roof". He suspended his metal canopy（顶篷） above the classrooms to draw cool air in through the building's side windows and release hot air through the holes in the ceiling. The whole village was involved in construction, beginning a cooperative model of practice that he has continued ever since. The school won an Aga Khan award in 2004, taking Kéré to international fame and prompting him to found his practice in Berlin the following year.
One invitation after another, Kéré continues to experiment with natural alternatives to modern materials and systems, "I am constantly looking, " he said. "I am not limiting myself with a formal language. ” Kéré's most ambitious buildings are still to come, despite having received the lifetime achievement of Pritzker prize.
24. How did Kéré make it according to the Pritzker jury
A. The unique character of Francis Kéré won him the honor.
B. Local materials and simple designs set Francis Kéré apart.
C. His building works fit into the context of communities.
D. Pretence and presence of his buildings took him to the top.
25. Why is the construction of Gando primary school highlighted in the passage
A. To show Kéré's growing international fame.
B. To display Kéré's principles in architecture.
C. To demonstrate Kéré's spirit of persistence.
D. To show Kéré's giving back to his nation.
26. What is expected to happen in Kéré's career
A. He will learn more African local accents.
B. He will create more styles of architecture.
C. Pritzker prize will inspire him to make a fortune.
D. More natural alternatives will find their way in his buildings.
27. Which of the following best describes Francis Kéré
A. Responsible and creative. B. Committed and carefree.
C. Determined and energetic. D. Modest and courageous.
C
"Robots are klutzes, " says Ken Goldberg, an engineer AI expert at the University of California, Berkeley. A computer can easily defeat a human grandmaster at the game of chess by coming up with better moves. Yet a robot has trouble picking up an actual chess piece.
Though computers have advanced by leaps and bounds since 1980s, babies and kids still beat machines at certain types of tasks.
The first task. Robots face three challenges in grabbing an object. Number one is the ability to locate an object. Even with advanced cameras and sensors that measure distance, robots still get confused by anything "shiny or transparent, "Goldberg notes. The second challenge is control. Arobot's cameras and sensors won't always be in perfect sync（同步）with its moving "hand". And physics poses the final challenge. To grasp something, you must understand how that object could shift when you touch it. Physics predicts that motion. But on small scales, this can be unpredictable, for very tiny bumps on the floor or the object may change the motion（运动）.
Despite these challenges, humans grasp things all the time. Millions of years of evolution provided brains and bodies with ways to adapt. To help robots learn "robust （强有力的）grips", Goldberg's team set up a virtual world DexNet where the AI model receive training. The DexNet contains more than 1, 600 different virtual 3-D objects and five million different ways to grab them. To be more like the real world, the team threw in some randomness. For each grasp, they shifted either the object or grabber just a little. After completing the training, a robot can figure out its own robust grasp for a real-world object it has never seen before.
Thanks to research like this, robots are getting less of "the klutze". Currently robots have trouble with other tasks including getting around the world, understanding people and thinking of new ideas. With engineers' work and efforts, its expected that someone will design a graceful robot or even an AI model with common sense. "For now, though, if you want to beat a robot at chess, make it play on a real, physical chess board. "Goldberg adds.
28. Which of the following is closest to the meaning of "klutzes"
A. Competent competitors. B. Educated persons.
C. Clumsy persons. D. Public figures.
29. Which is the challenge for robots picking up stuff
A. They are unable to adapt to change.
B. They have little knowledge of physics.
C. They fail to notice transparent objects.
D. Cameras and sensors are out of sync.
30. What can we learn from the DexNet
A. Researchers train robots at random there.
B. Robots learn to grasp stuff in the virtual world.
C. DexNet is set up to help robots learn to think.
D. Robots are trained there to get around the world.
31. What's the tone of Goldberg in the text
A. Serious. B. Joyful C. Formal D. Humorous
D
We're living in the age of digital overload. This culture of constant connection takes a toll（造成损失）both professionally and personally. We are kept busy lout can't concentrate. We keep constantly checking our laptops, tablets, and phones with stress, for fear of missing out. Are we addicted How to regain our focus
The solutions of two experts, Larry Rosen, a psychologist, and Samuel, a technologist, offer useful approaches separately on how we can begin to tackle this huge and growing challenge.
In one of his studies, Rosen's colleague Nancy Cheever brought 163 students into a lecture hall, asked them to sit without talking, doing work, or using their phones, and then assessed their anxiety over the next hour. Although light smartphone users showed no change, moderate users experienced initial alarm that leveled off, and those accustomed to checking their phones all daylong felt their anxiety rise immediately and continue to increase. Some people refer to the overuse of digital devices as an addiction. But since most of us don't appear to gain much pleasure from the behavior——a defining future of addiction—Rosen doesn't classify it as such.
How do we calm the anxiety and thereby avoid the distraction Rosen recommends using behavioral principles to disconnect yourself from your digital devices. Allow yourself to check all modes of e-communication, but then shut everything down and silence your phone. Set an alarm for 15 minutes, and when it rings, give yourself one minute for a tech check-in. Repeat this process until you are comfortable increasing your off-grid time to an hour or several hours.
Samuel argues that "Turning off" is simply not a well-founded solution in the digital age. Technology was not the problem; our use of it was. We were not using tools designed to make online communications as focused and productive as possible. Now the frst step is to abandon the myth （荒诞的说法） of "keeping up". Instead, your goals should be to sort and limit the information you receive and to streamline the work of reading, responding to, and sharing what matters. Then, as for E-mail, news consumption and posting, automation offers huge benefits. Outlook, Gmail, and most other major e-mail tools will allow you to set rules and filters.
32. What do we know from Rosen's studies about phone users
A. Light users experience slight anxiety initially.
B. Anxiety of moderate users remains steady later on.
C. Overuse of the phone is actually a type of addiction.
D. Operating the phone brings users pleasure.
33. What can be inferred from Samuel's suggestions
A. "Turning off" has been proved applicable.
B. Used correctly, technology serves its purpose.
C. Not keeping up likely costs you vital information.
D. Digital tools help us sort out information but limit us.
34. What can we learn by comparing the two solutions
A. Each solution is founded on the expert's profession.
B. Rosen's strategy has an obvious edge over Samuel's.
C. Both of the solutions are based on behavioral principles.
D. Their common target is to conquer digital distraction.
35. Which is the best title for the passage
A. Break the Top Myth of Tech use B. The Lost Art of Concentration
C. Tune out and Focus in D. Employ Technology to Focus
2022届安徽省合肥市第八中学高考最后一卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The tech trends in this year's product launches are to improve your quality of life, or to boost up your pride. But the more practical gadgets will improve health and wellness, or life experi-ences, while still keeping things cool.
Roam Portable Speaker
Size matters, but the new speaker truly denies the limitations of a tiny speaker. The Roam is a lightweight, outdoor-friendly home speaker. Its 10-hour battery life helps it work for you every day, in and out of the home. And its built-in auto-tuning feature will adjust the sound based on where you are. Being dust-and-water-resistant, Roam is likely the coolest adventure-friendly speaker on the market now.
Studio Buds
Cancel all that noise with Studio Buds. Their Active Noise Canceling mode continuously de-tects and blocks out any unwanted wavelength harmful to your delicate eardrums. Audio-wise, Studio Buds treat your ears to the right amount of loudness. Another bonus comes from their up-to-24-hours of playback and a five-minute fast-fuel charging.
OM 5 Smartphone Gimbal Stabilizer（万向支架）
Selfie-stick is nothing dead when vlogging is spreading out of control. OM 5 is its new porta-ble smart gimbal stabilizer. For starters, it simply does not shake at all and its ActiveTrack 4. 0 formula is able to precisely track moving objects in the frame for a high-resolution focus.
STORIES Smart Glasses
While this is no VR set, the smart glasses bring a lot to the table. They have a camera for re-cording first-person-perspective content in HD, a single-touch pad for controlling music and the camera, and near-ear speakers so you can leave your headphones or smartphone in pocket while answering a call.
21. What is the feature of Studio Buds
A. They have a 10-hour-long battery life. B. Their mode is friendly to users' hearing.
C. They function well exposed to water. D. Their holders are stable and flexible.
22. How can STORIES Smart Glasses be used
A. They can be connected to a VR set. B. They can be used to decorate a table.
C. They can help users answer a call. D. They can replace a single-touch pad.
23. Which device will people filming their pets probably use
A. Studio Buds. B. Roam Portable Speaker.
C. STORIES Smart Glasses. D. OM 5 Smartphone Gimbal Stabilizer.
B
Cala didn't like us. Any of us. We didn't do anything to offend her and she didn't know us but that didn't matter; she still didn't like us.
As new teachers in the Emirati school, we Westerners greeted her every day. She ignored us. She came into our rooms and bypassed us as she shook hands with all the non-Westerners. When-ever we saw her, she avoided eye contact with us. Eventually, we stopped trying to befriend her.
I wouldn't say her nationality but her friends had been fired from the school. We had been employed in their places and that was enough for her to have nothing to do with us.
Well after 16 months in the school we had a secret friend gifting. To my surprise, I drew her name from the glass jar and that meant she was my secret friend. My role was to buy her a gift and say some-thing about her when we publicly acknowledged who our secret friend was.
I decided to gift her a coloured bangle（手镯）. I added a postcard and wrote “Love and Blessings， Rose Marie. ”
Then came the day. We all gathered in the meeting room. When you gave your gift, you said a few kind words about your secret friend and passed the gift to her. What could I say Everyone knew she didn't like the Westerners. She taught music in the school, so I said “My secret friend issomeone who brings music to our ears every day. "She came forward with a huge warm smile. Shehugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and accepted my gift.
Since then, she smiles often. We hug and shake hands when we meet. I have seen her wear my gift several times and I am so pleased.
24. What was the problem between Cala and us
A. She disliked some of us.
B. We seldom greeted her.
C. We had offended her previously by accident.
D. She blamed us for replacing her friends at work.
25. What do we know about the activity of secret friend gifting
A. It was held annually in the school.
B. People could pick their own secret friends.
C. Names of the secret friends were kept in a jar.
D. Secret friends should make comments on the gifts received.
26. Which of the following can best describe Cala
A. Welcoming. B. Grateful. C. Professional. D. Popular.
27. What can we learn from the story
A. People should be loyal to friends. B. Workplace is filled with competition.
C. Sincerity and efforts will pay off. D. Differences can never stop friendship.
C
We are a culture drowning in our possessions. We take in more and more (holiday, birthdays, sales, needs), but rarely find an opportunity to get rid of it. As a result, our homes fill up with so much stuff. And because we believe the best solution is to find organizational tools to manage all of it, we seek out bigger containers or more efficient organizational tips and tricks. But simply or-ganizing our stuff must be repeated over and over.
At its heart, organizing is simply rearranging. And though we may find storage solutions to-day, we are quickly forced to find new ones as early as tomorrow. Additionally, organizing has some other major shortcomings that are rarely considered. For example, it doesn't benefit anyone else. The possessions we rarely use sit on shelves in our basements or garages, even while some of our closest friends desperately need them.
On the other hand, the act of getting rid of stuff from our home accomplishes many purposes. It is not a temporary solution. It is an action of permanence-once an item has been removed, it is removed completely. Whether we re-sell our possessions, donate them to charity, or give them to a friend, they are immediately put to use by those who need them.
Removing possessions begins to turn back our desire for more as we find freedom and happi-ness in owning less. And removing ourselves from the all-consuming desire to own more creates opportunities for significant life changes to take place.
If you're struggling with how to get rid of stuff, you can first challenge yourself to remove the unneeded things in your home, carry a trash bag from room-to-room, see how big of a donation pile you can make, and even eliminate debt by selling what you no longer need.
It doesn't matter how you remove them, for it is far better to remove than to always organize.
28. What is the problem with simply organizing stuff
A. Few tools and tricks are available.
B. It needs to be repeated very often.
C. People cannot save money by organizing.
D. Desire to buy more disappears by organizing.
29. How can we remove unnecessary possessions
A. By reselling them to others. B. By keeping them in trash bags.
C. By storing them in the garage. D. By piling them on the shelves.
30. What does the underlined word “eliminate” mean in Paragraph 5
A. get rid of B. get over C. add to D. take charge of
31. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To explain the advantages and disadvantages of organizing things.
B. To inform readers of the ways to get rid of unnecessary possessions.
C. To call for people to remove stuff instead of just organizing.
D. To appeal to people to make donations to people in need.
D
Doctors sometimes prescribe light therapy to treat a form of depression in people who get too little morning sun. But too much light at other times may actually cause such mood disorders. Long-lasting exposure to light at night brings depression, a new study finds, at least in animals. The new data confirm observations from studies of people who work night shifts, says Richard Stevens of the University of Connecticut Health Center.
In the new study, Tracy Bedrosian and Randy Nelson of Ohio State University exposed mice to normal light and dark cycles for four weeks. For the next four weeks, half of the mice remained on this schedule, and the rest received continuous dim light throughout their pared with mice exposed to normal nighttime darkness, those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks, “A sign they no longer get pleasure out of activities they once enjoyed. ” Bedrosian says.
In a second test, mice were clocked on how long they actively tried to escape a pool of water. Those exposed to night lights stopped struggling and just floated in the water, a sign of “behavioral despair”, 10 times as long as the mice that had experienced normal nighttime darkness. All symptoms of depression disappeared within two weeks of the mice returning to a normal light-dark cycle, the researchers report. The scientists also could ease the behavioral symptoms by injec-ting the brains of animals with a drug that prohibits the activity of certain molecules（分子）linked with human depression. This finding further suggests that light at night may cause something re-lated to depression.
Human studies linking nighttime light and mood disorders are important but can't easily de-tect molecular underpinings（分子基础）as animal studies can，says George Brainard of Thomas Jefferson University. The new work, he says, suggests that the change of the biological clock by light at night can be “an extremely powerful force in regulating biology and behavior. ”
32. Why does the author mention doctors prescribing light therapy
A. To emphasize the importance of light. B. To introduce the new research finding.
C. To prove professional skills of doctors. D. To suggest a way to deal with depression.
33. What do we know about the new study
A. Symptoms caused by light exposure can be relieved.
B. Mice exposed to dim light stick to swimming fearlessly.
C. The experiment involves people working night shifts.
D. Scientists injected the stomachs of animals to help them.
34. What can we infer according to George Brainard
A. Molecular underpinings can be easily detected in human studies.
B. Mice differ a lot from human beings in terms of night behaviors.
C. The new work helps doctors to give better treatments to patients.
D. Regulating light at night may have practical effects on people.
35. Which can be a suitable title of the passage
A. Animals Suffering from Light Pollution
B. New Drug Found to Cure Mood Disorders
C. Nighttime Light Likely to Foster Depression
D. Human Biological Clock Controlled by Light
2022届安徽省合肥市第六中学高考考前诊断预测卷（最后一卷）英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Help to care for the world’s most beloved animal in Eastern Europe’s largest bear reserve. You’ll play a vital role in readapting over 100 bears that were previously captive as prisoners and abused before being rescued and brought to this place. Provide for the basic needs of these beautiful creatures, and enjoy seeing them live happily and healthily in their new-found freedom.
Duration: 1—4 weeks (2 weeks maximum between June and August)
Dates: Throughout the year except the months over Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year
Qualification: General level of fitness required. The reserve is hilly and there is a lot of walking.
Age: 17 +
What will I be doing
Your working day starts with a wander through the reserve. This is the perfect opportunity to see the bears playing, climbing trees, swimming and even having a good back scratch against the trees.
Typically the volunteer work with bears includes at least some of the following tasks:
·Food preparation: this will be your main task as bears need to eat up to 10 kg per day to stay healthy—that’s a lot of food!
·Watching the bear feeding process: a real highlight is to see the bears coming out of the undergrowth to get the best bits.
·Bear watching: it is important to keep an eye on how the newest bears are coping, and how quickly they are adapting to their new surroundings.
·Reserve conservation work: sometimes there can be some basic maintenance(维护) work required, such as gathering hay for quarantine(隔离), clearing undergrowth etc.
Accommodation and food
·Most volunteers will be based in a comfortable, central apartment that Oyster rents for you and your fellow volunteers.
·Wi-Fi is included.
·You are expected to share a room with at least one other volunteer.
·The volunteer flat has a well-equipped kitchen, two bedrooms, two toilets and a shower.
·Food is not included—volunteers either cook in the flat or enjoy some of the many amazing restaurants located on your doorstep.
21. What is the goal of the project
A. To seek financial support. B. To help wildlife in need.
C. To find young volunteers. D. To foster environmental awareness.
22. When can you possibly work in the bear reserve
A. In January. B. In August. C. In November. D. In December.
23. What is the daily responsibility required by the project
A. Teaching the bears new tricks. B. Adapting the bears to new environments.
C. Keeping the reserve in good condition. D. Preventing bears scratching each other.
B
Getting a snow day off from school was a rare occurrence when I was a boy. A couple of inches on the roads wouldn’t do it. It really took an overwhelming winter storm to cancel school for everyone.
I can still remember those few special snow days that I got growing up. First, I would wait for the announcement to come over the radio. Having a snow day meant that I could watch all of Captain Kangaroo instead of leaving part way through to stand in the bitter cold outside and wait for the bus. I would go outside and play in the thick, wet, heavy snow. When I got too cold and wet, I would go inside, sit in my cozy chair by the wood stove and reread my favorite old books with my dog curling up on my chilly toes. In the afternoon I would sneak into the kitchen and see what Mom and Nana were cooking for dinner.
After dinner I would sit next to Mom on the couch, under a blanket, eating popcorn, and watching TV until bedtime. Then I would pull my sheet, blanket, and quilt up to my chin while my dog curled up on the bed by my feet. I would think back on the day with happiness before falling into a deep, peaceful sleep.
I think all of us should take a few snow days off in our lives, if not in our activities, then at least in our hearts. We should make time for the important things. Stop and see the beauty all around us, playing, reading, eating, laughing, and singing. Be thankful for this precious life and all the joys in it. We need to make time for loving instead of just making a living. May all your days feel like a Snow Day then, be they Winter, Spring, Summer, or Fall.
24. What made the author delighted according to the text
A. Encountering rare occurrences. B. Getting a snow day off.
C. Staying at home. D. Delivering announcements.
25. What did the author do when he needn’t attend school on snow days
A. He played with snow in the yard. B. He watched cartoons all day long.
C. He tried cooking in the company of friends. D. He reviewed the happy moments of the day.
26. Which of the following best describes the author
A. Positive. B. Determined. C. Lazy. D. Naughty.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. My Winter Holidays B. The Approach of Winter
C. The Significance of Family D. The Value of Appreciating Life
C
Stay off social media. Lose 20 pounds. Make $1 million in sales. Do these kinds of goals get you into action or cause you to hesitate in fear For some, direct, concrete wording is motivating, clarifying, and effective. For others, these goals make them want to give up before they’ve even started. If you find yourself in the latter category, a kinder, more self-compassionate(自我同情的) approach to wording your goals may be the best approach for you.
Talking to yourself in a self-compassionate tone supports the achievement of your goals in multiple ways. For one, it can help you normalize any negative feelings around your goals because it acknowledges that discomfort is a natural part of the human experience. Self-compassion can also allow you to let go of paralyzing perfectionism because it leaves room for human fallibility and that’s okay for being careless. And self-compassion can help you to stick with your goals by heightening your ability to recover from setbacks instead of getting stuck in endless reflection about what went wrong.
Where should you start First, decide what you will do. Goals focused on what you will do, instead of what you’ll stop, can be the kindest and most effective. For example, the book The Willpower Instinct shares a study done by Laval University in Quebec where they found that focusing on what research participants should eat leads to two-thirds of the participants losing weight and maintaining that weight loss 16 months later. This was a much better outcome than the results of most approaches emphasizing what to cut from their diet. Then, the “I will” strategy can be applied to goals in all areas of your life. Instead of telling yourself to stop watching TV at night, make your objective to get ready for bed and start reading a book after dinner. Positive action goals not only sound better but also can be much more effective in terms of getting results.
In short, self-compassion could be the difference between giving up on your goals and achieving them step by step.
28. What are people advised to do if they want to give up
A. Ask others for guidance. B. Reset their goals.
C. Speak out directly. D. Be self-compassionate.
29. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. The purposes of wording. B. The classification of goals.
C. The benefits of self-compassion. D. The definition of self-compassion.
30. What does the underlined word “fallibility” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Tendency to commit mistakes. B. Willingness to start new goals.
C. A lack of emotional support. D. A sense of achievement.
31. What can we learn from the third paragraph
A. Right decisions are important to better results. B. People will lose weight easily through diets.
C. People should be encouraged to eat less. D. “I will” policy should be applied to all areas.
D
As the politicians made clear at last month’s United Nations Climate Change Conference, in Glasgow, now is the time to act on climate change. We need to cut carbon emissions. But will people really be prepared to make changes in their lives Can we really make society much greener than it is now
Someone is feeling optimistic mostly because of one factor: Batteries. It isn’t obvious but over the last decade or so, just as we’ve watched our computers get faster and screens get thinner, batteries have dramatically improved too.
Battery innovation is exploding. According to the European Patent Office, the number of battery patents filed grew by an average of 14 percent every year between 2005 and 2018. Energy storage is getting better and better, as more companies are discovering new chemistry and processes to make them work more efficiently. And the costs will continue to fall, both as battery chemistry improves and because manufacturing lots of batteries on a massive scale makes the production of individual batteries a lot cheaper.
And the results of all of this work are astonishing. Today, battery power per kilowatt hour costs around only ten percent of what it did a decade ago, which has made the batteries in electric cars cheaper and longer-lasting. For example, the new Nissan Leaf is now capable of upwards of 230 miles without needing to recharge. This is a big deal, as it doesn’t just make electric cars more useful, but it also reduces the “range anxiety” worry that you will run out of charge before you can find a charger on a long trip.
Better batteries do not just mean better cars, however. They can also help us decarbonize the entire national grid. Storing energy has always been a problem for the grid. Today, only a tiny amount of generated electricity is stored for later use, which leads to lots of power going to waste. But better batteries make it technologically and economically workable to store large amounts of energy from the grid.
It’s likely that in the not-too-distant future, alongside other essentials in our homes like a boiler, we night also have an enormous battery in the garage. Batteries may not be as flashy as phones, rockets or other new technologies. But when it comes to technology to fight climate change, they’re definitely leading the charge.
32. What do the politicians say about climate change at the conference
A. It calls for a joint effort. B. It needs gradual action.
C. It is becoming more serious. D. It is an urgent problem to be solved.
33. Which of the following is the possible benefit of innovative batteries
A. They can last longer. B. They are slightly cheaper.
C. They improve battery chemistry. D. They can produce more energy.
34. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that the better batteries might .
A. reduce the companies' carbon footprint B. enable people to travel further
C. be used to clean the environment D. be produced in factories in future
35. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To introduce a method of studying electric cars.
B. To explain the principle of a special battery.
C. To present a way to cope with climate change.
D. To propose a new means of keeping eco-balance.
2022届安徽省太湖中学高考最后一卷英语试卷（解析版）
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Are you interested in a career in nursing Prepare with this course where you will explore how nursing contributes to the health and well-being of individuals and communities around the world.
You will learn about the different parts nurses play, including the mission of nurses in public health. You will discover the principles of nursing and understand how nurses can help people and communities care for themselves.
This course has been created by the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, as part of the PADILEIA project. It is supported by SPHEIR UK aid.
What topics will you cover
* The roles and unique contributions of nurses globally
* Principles and applications of Holistic care within a local context
* How nursing can support people and communities to care for themselves
* The role of nurses in public health, and the role of World Health Organization
* The three impact of nursing. How nursing can improve health; promote gender equality; and contribute towards stronger economies
Learning on this course
You can take this self-guided course and learn at your own pace online. On every step of the course you can meet other learners, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments online.
Who is the course for
This course has been created for refugees (难民), displaced people and the communities supporting them in the MENA (Middle East and Northern Africa) region who wish to study nursing or a healthcare-related course at a university in English. It has been created as part of the PADILEIA project.
However, it will also be of interest to anyone looking to develop their knowledge of nursing and healthcare.
Supported by UK aid-Strategic Partnerships for Higher Education, Innovation and Reform.
21. What’s the chief purpose of the course
A. To teach people how to care for themselves.
B. To train people for nursing and healthcare.
C. To help nurses improve their nursing skills.
D. To allow nurses to share their experience online.
22. What can learners do in the process of learning the course
A. Study on their own and pace themselves.
B. Discuss the PADILEIA project online.
C. Study with other learners face to face.
D. Learn from other experienced learners in hospitals.
23. Where is the text likely to be taken from
A. An advertisement. B. A science report.
C. An entertainment poster. D. A travel guide.
B
Architect Diébédo Francis Kéré of Burkina Faso won the Pritzker Prize, the world’s highest recognition in building design.
Kéré is a citizen of both Burkina Faso and Germany and lives in Berlin. He said he was the “happiest man on this planet” to become the 51st recipient of the famous yearly prize. Kéré is famed for building schools health centers, housing and other public spaces across Africa. His buildings can be found in his homeland, as well as in Benin, Mali, Kenya, Mozambique, Togo and Sudan. When he was twenty in 1985, Kéré earned a vocational scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But while absorbed in the practicality of roofing and furniture making, he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universit t Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he designed and built the innovative Gando Primary School.
Unlike traditional school buildings, which use concrete, Kéré’s inventive design combined local clay and cement to form bricks. The material helps keep the building cool in a hot environment. A wide, raised metal roof protects the building from rain and helps air flow. Kéré involved the local community throughout the design and building of the school. The number of students at the school increased from 120 to 700.
Kéré is the first African to be honored with the Pritzker. In his native Burkina Faso, citizens celebrated the win. Nebila Aristide Bazie, head of the Burkina Faso architects’ council, said the award “highlights the African architect and the people of Burkina Faso.”
“He knows, from within, that architecture is not about the object but the objective; not the product, but the process,” says the 2022 Jury Citation (评审辞), in part. “Francis Kéré’s entire body of work shows us the power of materiality rooted in place. His buildings, for and with communities, are directly of those communities-in their making, their materials, their programs and their unique characters.”
24. What can we know about Kéré from the text
A. He got a degree in architecture in 1986.
B. Many of his buildings can be found in Berlin.
C. He is highly popular in his native Burkina Faso.
D. He is the first German winner of the Pritzker Prize.
25. Why does Kéré use bricks made of local clay and cement
A. To keep the building cool in hot weather.
B. To make the building stronger.
C. To protect the building from rain.
D. To ensure better indoor air flow.
26. What did Nebila probably think of Kéré’s winning the Pritzker Prize
A. Touching and impressive.
B. Amazing and unexpected.
C. Deserving and fortunate.
D. Exciting and inspiring.
27. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. The reasons for awarding Kéré the Pritzker Prize.
B. Kéré’s concepts of architecture in Africa.
C. Kéré’s diverse styles of African buildings.
D. The real purpose of Kéré’s whole works.
C
Today, there are numerous ways to exercise and stay healthy. From working out in a gym to riding a bike to work, staying active may have never been easier. Despite all this, a new study finds Americans are actually much less active than their ancestors 200 years ago. In fact, researchers from Harvard University say the average American stays physically active for 30 fewer minutes than people did in 1820.
The team came to this conclusion after examining historical data which shows that body temperature among Americans has been falling for years. The results of a Stanford University report showed that the average body temperature of Americans has dropped from the age-old 98. 6 degrees Fahrenheit to about 97. 5 degrees.
They also looked at changes in metabolic rates (代谢率), which measure how physically active people are. Researchers found that the resting metabolic rate-the total number of calories the body burns while completely at rest-has declined by six percent since 1820. Researchers say metabolism plays a key role in producing bod heat and much of this depends on how active a person is.
So what’s the cause of all this “Instead of walking to work, we take cars or trains; instead of physical labor in factories, we use machines,” says lead author Andrew K. Yegian. “We’ve made technology do our physical activity for us. Our hope is that this helps people think more about the long-term changes of activity that have come with our changes in lifestyle and technology.”
The team also pulled data from two other studies to come up with an estimate of how much exercise Americans got in 1820 in comparison to today. “This will bring great benefits to my field of work because it can help us assess just how much increases in the incidence (发生率) of heart disease and Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) is related to decreases in physical activity,” says Daniel E. Lieberman.
28. What does the first paragraph mainly tell us
A. Americans’ lifestyle is changing.
B. There are different ways to exercise.
C. Humans’ physical condition is getting worse.
D. Americans do not exercise as much as they used to.
29. Why does the author use two figures in Paragraph 2
A. To provide an example.
B. To support a conclusion.
C. To introduce a topic.
D. To explain a rule.
30. What results in Americans becoming less active according to Andrew K. Yegian
A. The use of technology.
B. Americans’ health condition.
C. Americans’ plain laziness.
D. A lack of time.
31. What can we infer about Lieberman from the text
A. He likes physical exercise.
B. He suffers from Alzheimer’s.
C. He works in the medical field.
D. He is a patient with heart disease.
D
New homes and buildings in England will be required by law to fix electric vehicle charging points from next year, the prime minister has announced. The government said the move will see up to 145, 000 charging points fixed across the country each year. New-build supermarkets, workplaces and buildings undergoing major rebuilding will also come under the new law.
The move comes as the UK aims to switch to electric cars, with new petrol and diesel (柴油)cars sales banned from 2030. Announcing the new laws at the Confederation of British Industry’s conference on Monday, Prime Minister Boris Johnson said the UK was going to “radically ”change its cars, trucks, buses and other means of transport.
The government said the new laws will “make car charging as easy as refueling a petrol or diesel car today”. It said “simpler ways to pay" to charge vehicles through contactless (无接触的) payments would also be introduced at “all new fast and rapid charge points”.
Britain currently has about 25, 000 charging points, but the Competition and Markets Authority has said it could need 10 times as many before 2030. The switch to electric vehicles is part of the UK’s strategy to hit climate targets, with cars and taxis accounting for 16％ of UK emissions (排放量)in 2019.
Several major car companies, such as Jaguar and Volvo plan to go all electric from 2025 and 2030 and Ford has said all vehicles sold in Europe will be electric by 2030. UK electric car sales are growing, with about 10% of cars sold in 2020 being electric, up from 2. 5% in 2018.
Mike Childs, Friends of the Earth’s head of policy, welcomed the government’s announcement, adding that electric vehicles had a “significant role to play in building a zero-carbon future”. “New housing should also include safe cycle storage and access to high quality public transport, to provide real alternatives to driving and help cut traffic jam, ”Mr Childs added.
32. What does the underlined word “radically” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Temporally. B. Reasonably. C. Slightly. D. Completely.
33. What’s the present situation of the UK’s charging points
A. They’re far from enough.
B. New-build ones are much safer.
C. Some are under reconstruction now.
D. They all use contactless payments.
34. What’s Mike Childs’ attitude towards the government’s new law
A. Unclear. B. Favorable. C. Doubtful. D. Intolerant.
35. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. The UK’s Plan to Hit Climate Targets
B. A New Law Announced by Britain’s Government
C. The UK Aiming to Switch to Electric Cars
D. New Homes in England to Have Charging Points
答案：
2022届安徽省合肥一六八中学高三最后一卷英语试题（解析版）
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了“拉斯考克斯写作比赛”的有关信息，包括奖项设置、写作规则及缴费情况等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prizes部分的“Contest participants can download the Lascaux works for free.”可知，竞赛参与者可以免费下载拉斯考克斯的作品，即每一位参赛者均可免费下载拉斯考克斯的作品。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rules部分的Flash Fiction中的“Single story should be not more than 1,000 words.”可知，单个小说故事的字数不能超过1000个字。由此可知，速写小说参赛者必须将每个故事限制在1000个字以内。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rules部分的Poetry中的最后一句话“Submissions close on June 30, 2021.”可知，诗歌作品的最后提交日期是2021年6月30日。故选A项。
【答案】4 D 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要是告诉读者Samuel Johnson编纂英国词典的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“These, however, were often little more than lists of hard words. When definitions of common words were supplied, they were often unhelpful. For example, a “horse” was defined in an early dictionary as “a beast well known”.(然而，这些往往只不过是一串难懂的字眼。当常用词的定义被提供时，它们通常是无用的。例如，“马”在早期的字典中被定义为“众所周知的野兽”。)”可知，早期英语词典的问题是只是增加了一些难懂的大词。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Johnson changed all that, but the task was not an easy one. Renting a house at 17 Gough Square, Johnson began working in the worst of conditions. Supported only by his publisher, Johnson worked on the Dictionary with five pared to the French Academy’s dictionary, which took forty workers fifty-five years to complete (1639-1694), Johnson’s dictionary was completed by very few people very quickly.(约翰逊改变了这一切，但这项任务并不容易。约翰逊在高夫广场17号租了一所房子，开始在最恶劣的条件下工作。约翰逊只有在出版商的支持下，才与五名助手一起编写这本词典。《法国学院词典》花了四十名工人五十五年（1639-1694年）才完成，与之相比，约翰逊的词典很少有人能很快完成。)”可知，作者在第二段提到法国学院的词典是为了强调约翰逊和他的助手们的效率高。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章画线单词上文“How many words were defined(多少单词被定义)”可知，是词典编纂者给单词下定义，由此可知，划线单词lexicographer指的是词典编纂者。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Johnson changed all that, but the task was not an easy one. Renting a house at 17 Gough Square, Johnson began working in the worst of conditions. Supported only by his publisher, Johnson worked on the Dictionary with five pared to the French Academy’s dictionary, which took forty workers fifty-five years to complete (1639-1694), Johnson’s dictionary was completed by very few people very quickly.(约翰逊改变了这一切，但这项任务并不容易。约翰逊在高夫广场17号租了一所房子，开始在最恶劣的条件下工作。约翰逊只有在出版商的支持下，才与五名助手一起编写这本词典。《法国学院词典》花了四十名工人五十五年（1639-1694年）才完成，与之相比，约翰逊的词典很少有人能很快完成。)”可知，约翰逊在非常恶劣的条件下完成工作，这说明他意志坚定。A. Ambitious and pessimistic雄心勃勃的和悲观的；B. Humorous and hardworking幽默，勤奋的；C. Dependent and professional依赖和专业的； D. Determined and strong-willed意志坚定的。故选D项。
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了麻疹在历史上带来的危害，并解释了为什么会发生这样的情况。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend.麻疹患者的数量虽然小，但是他们却是一种危险趋势的前沿，故选A。
9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in.可知只有群体中所有人都参与进来了群体免疫才会有用，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly.可知，那些反对注射疫苗的运动和迅速传播的错误信息导致了麻疹疾病的复发，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了麻疹在历史上带来的危害，以及为什么会有这样的情况，最根本原因还是那些不注射疫苗的人导致的，故本文的目的是强调疫苗的作用，选C。
【点睛】作者态度及写作意图推断
每一篇文章都会包含作者的某种观点和态度，只不过有的直截了当，有的含而不露，有的通过所用词语的褒贬来体现。此类题可细分为作者态度题(表明作者的好恶)和作者观点题(表明作者对某事物的看法)。准确把握作者的情感和态度，需要注意以下几点：
1.作者对某一事物的看法,要么支持,要么反对,带中立色彩的词最不可能是正确答案。
2.漠不关心类词语往往不对,既然写文章就不会不关心。
3.不要把自己的态度揉入其中,也要区分作者的态度和作者引用的别人的态度。
4.当作者的态度没有明确提出时,要学会根据作者使用词语的褒贬性来判断。
5.作者的观点一般与文章的主旨相关联。
6.绝对化或语气过于强烈的选项常常是错误的,如:strong, complete, entire等。
比如小题4考查文章的写作目的，本文主要介绍了麻疹在历史上带来的危害，以及为什么会有这样的情况，最根本原因还是那些不注射疫苗的人导致的，故本文的目的是强调疫苗的作用，故选C。
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究表明，智能手机用户对查看手机的痴迷，作者认为查看手机过于频繁会形成习惯，这会影响工作。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“On average, the study subjects check their phones 34 times a day. And the strangest part is that they don't even realize they are doing it.”（研究对象平均每天检查手机34次。最奇怪的是，他们甚至没有意识到自己在这么做。），可知研究对象频繁查看手机，自己却没意识到“查看手机”这一行为，这是最奇怪的地方。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“Loren Frank, a neuroscientist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), explains that checking smart phones is rewarding in some way.”（加州大学旧金山分校（UCSF）的神经科学家Loren Frank解释说，查看智能手机在某种程度上是值得做的），可知Loren Frank认为查看智能手机在某种程度上是值得的。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Study show that whenever you take a break from what you are doing to check your smart phone, it is hard to go back to your original task, according to Adam Gazzaley, a neurologist at UCSF.”（加州大学旧金山分校的神经学家Adam Gazzaley表示，研究表明，每当你休息一下，查看你的智能手机，就很难回到原来的工作。），可知查看智能手机时，工作暂停，很难回到原来的工作中，说明查看智能手机会使人从工作中分心。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中的“A recent survey shows that smart phone users have developed "checking habit"—frequently checks of e-mails and other Apps.”（最近的一项调查显示，智能手机用户已经养成了“检查习惯”——经常检查电子邮件和其他信息应用程序）和下文对于“智能手机用户对查看手机的痴迷”的介绍，可知本文主要展示了智能手机用户对查看手机的痴迷。故选B项。
2022届安徽省合肥市第一中学高三最后一卷英语试题
A 篇
这是一篇广告类说明文, 一则招生启事, 介绍了在 Harvard 校园的大学预科课程。
21. C 细节理解题。由文中”The Course Experience”标题下这句 With over 30 courses to choose from in each session of three, you’re sure to find a topic that inspires your interest. 可知, 三期课程, 每期 30 个课程。故选 C 项。
22. A 细节理解题。直接在文中寻找标题, 排除干扰信息, 网页上可以直接获得的信息为第四个标题信息 The course experience. 。故选 A 项。
23. D 细节理解题。结合 How to Apply 标题下申请者的两个标准 Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2023 or 2024 Are at least 16 years old by June 18, 2022, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2022, 可知, D 项中的条件符合。故选 D 项。
B 篇
这是一篇人物新闻报道。介绍了 2022 年建筑界的最高奖 Pritzker prize 获得者 Francis Kéré
的奋斗、成功、希冀的励志故事。
24. C 细节理解题。由第二段评委会的评价“Francis Kéré’s entire body of work shows us the power of materiality(物质性) rooted in place, ” said the Pritzker jury(评委会), “His buildings, for and with communities, are directly of those communities - in their making, their materials, their programs and their unique characters. . . 可知, Francis Kéré的建筑作品和社区和谐统一, 不造作不矫饰, 其优雅自成一格, 表现在材料选择, 建设过程, 项目目的和作品本身的特色上。 B 选项错在 simple designs, 故选 C 项。
25. B 目的意图题。由第四段第一句 Kéré’s Gando primary school set out the basic principles that would go on to define his work, . . . 可知, 这所小学校的建设展示了他的建筑原则和风格。故选B 项。
26. D 推理判断题。由最后一段第一句 One invitation after another, Kéré continues to experiment with natural alternatives to modern materials and systems, . . . 可知, Kéré 的特色之一是用不断尝试自然取材代替现代材料和体系, 所以推断他的作品中会找到 natural alternatives。故选 D 项。
27. A 推理判断题。由第三段 Kéré求学生涯中最后一项作业为他的家乡建造小学校的过程中, For his final project he designed a primary school for his home village – and set about fundraising and mobilizing friends and family to see it built. He thought he owed a lot to his community. 可以看出 Kéré的性格之一 being responsible; 再根据第二段普利策奖评委的评价及最后一段中他的不停尝试建筑材料体系的自然替代方法, 可知 Kéré另一特点 being creative。故选 A 项。
C 篇
这是一篇科技方面的说明文。介绍和人类相比, 机器人在抓取东西时遇到的挑战以及工程师 如何让其学习训练精准抓取物件。
28. C 词义猜测题。由第一段 A computer can easily defeat a human grandmaster at the game of chess by coming up with better moves. Yet a robot has trouble picking up an actual chess piece. 可知在国际象棋比赛中, 电脑可以通过更好的招数轻松击败棋类大师。然而, 机器人拿起一枚真正的棋子却有困难。故选 C 项。
29. A 推理判断题。由第四段第一句 Despite these challenges, humans grasp things all the time. Millions of years of evolution provided brains and bodies with ways to adapt. 可知人类能抓握