2022届天津市部分学校高三4月考试英语试题分类汇编：单项填空（含答案）
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2022届天津市部分学校高三4月考试英语试题分类汇编
单项填空
2022届天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版）
一、单项选择
1. —Where have you been, Alice You’re over an hour late.
—Yes, but ______. I was late getting off work and then I missed the bus.
A. I had no idea B. I couldn’t help it C. that’s not the point D. that didn’t count
2. The media are filled with ________ about what roles women should play in society.
A. crisis B. convention C. stereotypes D. substances
3. —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She ______ a lot of difficulties!
A. may go through B. might go through
C. need have gone through D. must have gone through
4. When it comes to the speed of response, a small firm can ___________a big company.
A. outnumber B. outgrow C. outlive D. outdo
5. Plato believed that talent and intelligence _________genetically and thus _________in children born to all classes, although his proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really follow a democratic model.
A. is not distributed, is to be found B. are not distributed, are to be found
C. is not distributed, has been found D. are not distributed, have been found
6. After ______ by the heavy deluge, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ______ in the disaster region.
A. struck, were trapped B. being struck, trapped
C. struck, having been trapped D. having been struck ; were trapped
7. —Your cousin is graduating from high school this year. Has she decided on a college
— No, all her college plans are ______. She doesn’t even know what she wants to study!
A. over the moon B. up in the air C. out of the blue D. on cloud nine
8. A ________ teacher is very strict and will point out your mistakes directly so that you know clearly how to improve yourself.
A. reserved B. vulnerable C. esteemed D. demanding
9. Sina Weibo banned 1,830 users for 90 days, silenced 100 accounts ______ and deleted 3,770 posts for violating laws.
A. particularly B. ultimately C. permanently D. extensively
10. They ________with their guests in their spacious room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors __________onto a veranda.
A. seated...open B. are seating...opened C. are seated...opening D. seated themselves...opened
11. My deskmate is surprisingly intelligent. He_________himself all the lessons he missed since he was in hospital, as a result of which he remains among the top students despite his sick leave.
A. teaches B. taught C. had taught D. has taught
12. There is no doubt __________the temperature goes down, metal ____________.
A. that...contacts B. whether...contrasts C. that when...contracts D. when...contracts
13. Some other advertisers have turned to “proximity marketing,” _________retailers detect _________the consumers are on the street and send __________advertisements to their phone.
A. where, where, tailored B. whose, where, tailoring
C. where that, tailored D. whose, that, tailoring
14. The artist ________the judge gave a prize is the teacher________ I have been taught for three years.
A. to whom; who B. from who; who
C. to whom; by whom D. from whom; by whom
15. Motorists ________to the radio or their familiar tunes on CDs may have a new way to entertain themselves, after engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.
A. used to listening B. who used to listen
C. who used to listening D. who are used to listen
2022届天津市第五十七中学高三下学期线上模拟英语测试 （解析版）
第一节：单项填空（共 15小题：每小题 1分，满分 15分）
从 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Can I really get a mountain bicycle as a reward if I win the English Spoken Competition
—Absolutely! ________.
A. It all depends B. I mean it C. You’ve got me D. So will you
2. ___________ I have a word with you It won’t take long.
A. Can B. Must
C. Shall D. Should
3. We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.
A. attempts B. requests
C. doubts D. promises
4. —Why did you leave the water running in the sink
—Heavens! I guess I ________ to turn it off.
A. forgot B. have forgotten C. will forget D. had forgotten
5. Nowadays, basic health care services are ________ to almost all the Chinese people. This accounts for the fact that the average life expectancy of all the Chinese has already risen to 75.
A. accessible B. abundant C. accurate D. attractive
6. Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.
A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted
7. ________ the numbers in employment the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year.
A. In spite of B. In case of C. In terms of D. In praise of
8. —Can you help me with the math problem, Dad ________.
—OK, let me think it over.
A. I’m fed up with it B. I’m stuck C. I didn’t get it D. I can’t find it
9. Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she ________ it with hard work.
A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with
10. (2014·天津卷)Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ it didn’t fit
A. to find B. found
C. finding D. having found
11. Do you remember a certain occasion ________ you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand
A. which B. that C. when D. where
12. Energy, passion and a burning desire are, you see, ________ true learning takes.
A. that B. what
C. how D. which
13. Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Tianjin.
A. unless B. although C. until D. since
14. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. to provide
15. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That’s right. ________.
A. Many hands make light work B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
2022届天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三年级线上模拟英语试卷（二） （解析版）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome
— ________ . There were good things and bad things about them.
A. Couldn’t be better B. Let’s stick to the point
C. That’s something D. It’s really hard to say
2. Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ________ that I had never seen.
A. ones B. one C. those D. the ones
3. As the opening ceremony of the Winter Games 2022 was held successfully, Olympic Mascot Bing Dwen Dwen becomes________ popular.
A. frequently B. increasingly C. individually D. deliberately
4. If you miss this chance, it may be years ________ you get another one.
A. as B. before
C. since D. after
5. When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching_______, a specific program to address academic needs.
A. comparison B. accumulation C. intervention D. conservation
6. The university estimates that living expenses for international students _________ around $8,450 per year, which _________ a burden for some of them.
A. are; is B. is; are
C. is; is D. are; are
7. Mary was greatly inspired though she made ________improvements in her English writing.
A. brilliant B. modest C. substantial D. considerable
8. Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day, ________ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing.
A. where B. which
C. when D. that
9. Children shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might ________ the things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate C. innovate D. imitate
10. That Peter has spent too much time on novels recently may________ his poor grade in the exam.
A. answer for B. stand for C. account for D. apply for
11. They studied these issues in detail and reached ________ I thought was appropriate conclusions.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
12. Mr. White, who ________ in Shanghai for seven years, is a manager of a company in Beijing.
A. worked B. had worked C. was working D. has worked
13. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons______ for the day.
A. finishing B. finished
C. had finished D. were finished
14. You ________allow a golden opportunity to slip through your fingers or you will regret it later.
A. may not B. wouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
15. —Do you know anything about Zhang Guimei
—________. She has been honored as a role model in China’s poverty alleviation fight.
A. You got me there B. By all means
C. By no means D. I couldn’t agree more
天津市第一中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第四次月考英语试卷（解析版）
第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Ann, our department has just been named the Department of the Year because of the outstanding sales.
—________
A. Good to know B. I’ll say
C. I hear you on that one D. Can’t argue with that
2. The experience in Paris gave the young musician a unique________ into the influence of music on children, so he founded a school to teach children to play the piano.
A. privilege B. liberty C. insight D. emergency
3. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only ________ beaten.
A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly
4. People are fond of the girl’s fashion design________ the style of modern clothes with that of traditional Hanfu.
A. mixing B. to mix C. mixed D. having mixed
5. When receiving the letter last night I didn’t notice what________ on the back of the letter.
A. marked B. has marked C. has been marked D. was marked
6. The restaurant has changed its service and some of its dishes________ the complaints from the customers.
A. in response to B. in return for C. in respect of D. in exchange for
7. Nothing taught by others can have the same effect on you as________ learned by yourself.
A. one B. that C. those D. this
8. The power supply in this city has been completely________, causing a factories to stop their production.
A. knocked down B. knocked out C. broken up D. broken away
9. All the issues we were concerned about were settled, but we thought the result was________ ideal.
A. other than B. aside from C. rather than D. far from
10. Hello! This is Li Hua. I’m calling to put off the appointment I________ with Dr, Li until next Wednesday.
A. will make B. had made C. have made D. would make
11. Topics of conversations should be ______ to the experiences and interests of the students.
Otherwise, they won’t be interested.
A. sensitive B. allergic C. familiar D. relevant
12. I like sports and prefer those________ players need to work as a team instead of competing against each other.
A. when B. that C. where D. who
13. I wonder why we________ eat out all the time when we can cook our own meals at home.
A. may B. would C. should D. must
14. ________Earth is the only planet known to support life, humans’ adaptability will surely allow us to live on other planets.
A. While B. Since C. Until D. Unless
15. It’s unclear________ the tiny computer will be released, but it will come onto the market sooner or later.
A. when B. what C. how D. whether
天津市南开中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第四次学情调研英语试题（解析版）
第一节、单项填空(共30小题，每小题1分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。
1. If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature there will survive ______.
A. at all cost B. for a long while
C. in the long run D. by no means
2. Mr. Wilson is a man of patience and kindness, and his good temper never ______ him.
A. fails B. disappoints
C. controls D. worries
3. -- Did Jim come
-- I don’t know. He _______ while I was out.
A. might have come B. might come
C. must have come D. should have come
4. -- I prefer a computer made in your company, but I may need some more information about the product.
-- ______.
A. Thank you B. It’s a pleasure
C. You are welcome D. At your service
5. —Would you mind moving over a little I have to pass here.
—________ I’d like to help.
A. Not in the slightest. B. Don’t mention it.
C. Never mind. D. At your service.
6. This was returned because the person ________ this letter was addressed had died three years ago.
A. to whom B. to which
C. which D. whom
7. Hearing the news, she rushed out, ________ the book ________ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open B. left; lay opened
C. leaving; lie opened D. leaving; lying open
8. ________ some teenagers don’t realize is ________ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
A. That; how B. Which; what a
C. What; what D. What; how
9. We’d better take umbrellas—I’m sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it’s always wet there at this time of year.
A. will rain B. is raining
C. will be raining D. would rain
10. —What about your self-drive trip yesterday
—Tiring! The road was being widened, and we ________ a rough ride.
A. had B. have
C. would have D. have had
11. —When did you get to know your girlfriend
—It was in 2015 ________ she was working as a volunteer in Africa.
A. that B. which
C. when D. then
12. ---Are you satisfied with his school report
---Not at all. It couldn’t have been ______.
A. worse B. so bad
C. better D. the worst
13. Is it he or you ________ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually
A. who is B. that is
C. who are D. whom are
14. China’s soft power grows ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A. in line with B. in reply to
C. in return for D. in honour of
15. The fellow we spoke ________ no comment at first.
A. to make B. to made
C. made D. to making
16. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
17. It took _______building supplies to construct these energy saving houses. It took brains, too.
A. other than B. more than
C. rather than D. less than
18. The art show was ______ being a failure; it was a great success.
A. far from B. along with
C. next to D. regardless of
19. —I hope you enjoyed the film last night.
—How on earth do you know I went to a film I ______ you
A. won’t tell B. didn’t tell C. haven’t told D. don’t tell
20. — Shall we go for a drink downstairs
— . Will two o’clock be OK
A. Sorry, Ｉ’m not available now B. Sure, no problem
C. Sorry, I can’t make it today D. Sure, it’s up to you
21. ---What are you going to do with the flaw in the vase
---I can either send a new one to you by express mail or _____ compensate you at a reasonable price.
A. artificially B. accordingly C. alternatively D. consistently
22. I ________ to help you with your homework but I couldn’t spare any time, I ________ a composition last night and I’ll finish it today.
A. wanted; was writing B. wanted; wrote
C. have wanted; wrote D. had wanted; was writing
23. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. it’s
C. whose D. whom
24. 【2018·江苏】Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.
A. assignment B. association
C. acquisition D. assumption
25. The beautiful girl chose to teach in a village school, though she ______ in a big city for an easier life.
A. could stay B. could have stayed
C. must have stayed D. must stay
26. ______ we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
A. Before B. Until C. Unless D. Once
27. _____ the ups and downs in my life, I eventually realized what life was all about.
A. Experienced B. Having experienced
C. To experience D. Experiencing
28. —We got here Tuesday afternoon.
—________ Why didn’t you call us earlier
A. Good luck! B. You did
C. It’s no surprise. D. You are welcome
29. It is not always easy for the public to see ________ use a new invention can be of to human life.
A. whose B. what C. which D. that
30. ____to the students at home, the textbooks enabled them to study more efficiently.
A. Distributing B. Having distributed
C. Being distributed D. Distributed
答案：
2022届天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版）
1. —Where have you been, Alice You’re over an hour late.
—Yes, but ______. I was late getting off work and then I missed the bus.
A. I had no idea B. I couldn’t help it C. that’s not the point D. that didn’t count
【1题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：—爱丽丝，你去哪儿了？你迟到了一个多小时。—是的，但我没办法。我下班推迟了，然后错过了公共汽车。A. I had no idea我不知道；B. I couldn’t help it我没有办法；C. that’s not the point那不是重点；D. that didn’t count那不算。根据语境分析及I was late getting off work可知，作者迟到是没有办法的事情。故选B项。
2. The media are filled with ________ about what roles women should play in society.
A. crisis B. convention C. stereotypes D. substances
【2题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：媒体充斥着关于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色的刻板印象。A. crisis危机；B. convention习俗；C. stereotypes刻板印象；D. substances物质。由what roles women should play in society可知，媒体对于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色，总有一个刻板印象。故选C项。
3. —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She ______ a lot of difficulties!
A. may go through B. might go through
C. need have gone through D. must have gone through
【3题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——这位女生物学家在非洲研究野生动物长达13年才回国。——哦，天啊！她一定经历了很多困难！go through (经历)，根据“The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years”可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式。故选D。
4. When it comes to the speed of response, a small firm can ___________a big company.
A. outnumber B. outgrow C. outlive D. outdo
【4题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：提到响应的速度，小公司要胜于大公司。A. outnumber比……多；B. outgrow过度生长；C. outlive比……长寿；D. outdo胜于。根据句意及空前情态动词can可知，此处应填动词原形outdo，表示“优于、胜于”，故选D项。
5. Plato believed that talent and intelligence _________genetically and thus _________in children born to all classes, although his proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really follow a democratic model.
A. is not distributed, is to be found B. are not distributed, are to be found
C. is not distributed, has been found D. are not distributed, have been found
【5题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：柏拉图认为天赋和智力并不是由基因决定的，所有阶层的孩子都可以被发现有天赋，尽管他提出的针对受过教育的少数人的选择性公共教育体系并没有真正遵循民主模式。第一空，主语talent and intelligence 为不可数名词短语，表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数；第二空，根据句意，用be to do表示将来，也用单数形式，talent and intelligence与find之间是被动关系，因此用不定式的被动式，故选A。
【点睛】
6. After ______ by the heavy deluge, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ______ in the disaster region.
A. struck, were trapped B. being struck, trapped
C. struck, having been trapped D. having been struck ; were trapped
【6题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在遭受特大洪水袭击后，河南省的景点遭受了严重的破坏，许多游客被困在灾区。根据句意，分析句子可知，第一空中strike意为“袭击”，是非谓语动词，在介词after后，应使用动名词形式，与其逻辑主语Henan province之间有被动关系，所以应用动名词的被动式being struck，表示被动；第二空中trap意为“使……陷入困境”，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语many tourists构成独立主格作伴随状语，与其逻辑主语many tourists之间有被动关系，所以应用过去分词trapped，表被动。故选B项。
7. —Your cousin is graduating from high school this year. Has she decided on a college
— No, all her college plans are ______. She doesn’t even know what she wants to study!
A. over the moon B. up in the air C. out of the blue D. on cloud nine
【7题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查习语。A. over the moon欣喜若狂；B. up in the air悬而未决；C. out of the blue青出于蓝； D. on cloud nine兴奋无比。句意：——你表妹今年就要高中毕业了，她决定去那所大学了么？——没，她的大学计划还没有决定，她甚至都不知道自己想要学什么。根据“No”判断她还没有决定去哪所大学，故B项正确。
8. A ________ teacher is very strict and will point out your mistakes directly so that you know clearly how to improve yourself.
A. reserved B. vulnerable C. esteemed D. demanding
【8题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个苛刻的老师是非常严格的，会直接指出你的错误，让你清楚地知道如何提高自己。 A. reserved内敛的； B. vulnerable脆弱的； C. esteemed受人尊敬的； D. demanding苛刻的。根据句意中“非常严格的”可知，此处表达的是“苛刻的”老师，故选D。
9. Sina Weibo banned 1,830 users for 90 days, silenced 100 accounts ______ and deleted 3,770 posts for violating laws.
A. particularly B. ultimately C. permanently D. extensively
【9题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：新浪微博因用户违反法律，禁止了1830名用户90天，永久关闭100个账户，并删除了3770条帖子。A.particularly尤其，特别；B.ultimately最终；C.permanently永久地；D.extensively广泛地。由“silenced 100 accounts ______ and deleted 3,770 posts for violating laws”可知，句子表示“新浪微博永久关闭100个账户”，空格处是“永久地”，故选C。
10. They ________with their guests in their spacious room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors __________onto a veranda.
A. seated...open B. are seating...opened C. are seated...opening D. seated themselves...opened
【10题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态及现在分词。句意：他们与客人一起坐在宽敞的餐厅，其中有一个裸露的大理石地板，开放式的椽故和宽大的玻璃门是通向阳台的。根据定语从句中的谓语动词has可知，时态应是一般现在时。根据句子结构，第一空考查短语be seated with sb.表示“与某人一起坐”。根据主语They，故第一空填are seated；根据第二空处句意可知。此处应表示“通向”。根据句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语。主语open rafters and wide glass doors与动词open是主谓关系，用现在分词opening，故选C项。
11. My deskmate is surprisingly intelligent. He_________himself all the lessons he missed since he was in hospital, as a result of which he remains among the top students despite his sick leave.
A. teaches B. taught C. had taught D. has taught
【11题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我的同桌聪明得出奇。自从他住院以来，他已经自学了所有他错过的课程，因此，尽管他请了病假，他仍然是最好的学生之一。根据时间状语“since he was in hospital”可知，主句使用现在完成时，其基本构成形式是：have/has done，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，主语He表明用单数。故选D。
12. There is no doubt __________the temperature goes down, metal ____________.
A. that...contacts B. whether...contrasts C. that when...contracts D. when...contracts
【12题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句，时间状语从句及时态。句意：毫无疑问，当温度降低，金属缩小。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是同位语从句，引导词用that。本句描述客观事实，故用一般现在时。主语是单数名词metal，故用动词单三contracts，表示“缩小”。根据句意“当温度降低，金属缩小”可知，此句是时间状语从句，故用引导词when，故选C项。
13. Some other advertisers have turned to “proximity marketing,” _________retailers detect _________the consumers are on the street and send __________advertisements to their phone.
A. where, where, tailored B. whose, where, tailoring
C. where, that, tailored D. whose, that, tailoring
【13题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、名词性从句和非谓语动词。句意：其他一些广告主则转向了“邻近营销”，即零售商发现消费者在街上的位置，然后将定制的广告发送到他们的手机上。第一空为非限定性定语从句，句中先行词为 proximity marketing，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导；第二空为宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，所以用连接副词where引导；第三空为非谓语动词，名词advertisements与tailor之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故选A。
14. The artist ________the judge gave a prize is the teacher________ I have been taught for three years.
A. to whom; who B. from who; who
C. to whom; by whom D. from whom; by whom
【14题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：被评委评奖的那位艺术家就是教了我三年的老师。根据句子结构可知，第一空涉及动词短语give sth to sb，先行词The artist，为人，后接限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词to的宾语，故应用“介词+关系代词”引导从句，to后只能填whom，第一空应填to whom。第二空也考查限定性定语从句，先行词the teacher，为人，从句中作谓语动词teach的发出者，应用“介词by+关系代词whom”，第二空应填by whom。故选C项。
15. Motorists________to the radio or their familiar tunes on CDs may have a new way to entertain themselves, after engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.
A. used to listening B. who used to listen
C. who used to listening D. who are used to listen
【15题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。句意：在日本工程师发明了一种音乐路面之后，过去常常对着收音机或CD上熟悉的曲调大喊大叫的驾驶者可能有了一种新的娱乐方式。used to do“过去常常做某事”，be/get used to doing“习惯于做某事”，be used to do“被用来做……”；根据句意可知，此处涉及固定短语used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，此处作motorists的定语，可以用关系代词who引导。故选B。
2022届天津市第五十七中学高三下学期线上模拟英语测试 （解析版）
1. —Can I really get a mountain bicycle as a reward if I win the English Spoken Competition
—Absolutely! ________.
A. It all depends B. I mean it C. You’ve got me D. So will you
【1题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——如果我赢得英语口语比赛，我真的可以获得一辆山地自行车作为奖励吗？——当然了！我是认真的。A. It all depends视情况而定；B. I mean it我是认真的；C. You’ve got me你懂我；D. So will you你也将如此。根据答语Absolutely!可知，回答者是认真地许诺。故选B。
2. ___________ I have a word with you It won’t take long.
A. Can B. Must
C. Shall D. Should
【2题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】本题考查情态动词。句意：我能和你谈话吗？不会很长时间的。根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许不长时间的一个交谈，所以选择表示“能不能或可以不可以”的can。故选A。
3. We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.
A. attempts B. requests
C. doubts D. promises
【3题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：对于我们认识和喜欢的人的请求，我们大多喜欢说可以。A.attempt尝试；B. request请求；C.doubts怀疑；D.promises承诺。根据句意故选B。
。
【名师点睛】本题的关键信息是say yes，根据情理判断，我们会对他人的要求、求助说yes，把四个选项意思弄清楚，就不难选出答案了。因此，考生可以试着将词汇放在日常的情景交际中进行操练，加强对词汇的语境理解，可以达到事半功倍的效果。
4. —Why did you leave the water running in the sink
—Heavens! I guess I ________ to turn it off.
A. forgot B. have forgotten C. will forget D. had forgotten
【4题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你为什么让水一直流到水槽里？——天啊！我猜我忘了关。根据句意可知，此处表示之前忘了关水，故用一般过去时，故选A。
5. Nowadays, basic health care services are ________ to almost all the Chinese people. This accounts for the fact that the average life expectancy of all the Chinese has already risen to 75.
A. accessible B. abundant C. accurate D. attractive
【5题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前，基本医疗卫生服务基本普及。这就是为什么中国人的平均预期寿命已经上升到75岁的原因。 A. accessible可使用的；B. abundant丰富的；C. accurate准确的；D. attractive吸引人的。由“the average life expectancy of the Chinese has already risen to 75”可知，基本医疗卫生服务基本普及，所以中国人的平均预期寿命已经上升到75岁，也就是大部分中国人都可以使用基本医疗卫生服务，因此空格处是“可使用的”，故选C。
6. Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.
A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted
【6题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚的作品现在还流行，它真的已经经受了时间的考验。A.fail失败，不能;B. stand站，忍受，承受;C. take带走，花费;D conduct组织，安排实施，执行。根据“Shakespeare's writing is still popular today.”可知，它真的已经经受了时间的考验。故选B。
7. ________ the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year.
A. In spite of B. In case of C. In terms of D. In praise of
【7题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：就就业人数而言，去年酒店业是这个国家第二大行业。A. In spite of尽管；B. In case of万一；C. In terms of就……而言；D. In praise of歌颂。根据后文语境“the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year”可知，指就就业人数而言，去年酒店业是这个国家的第二大行业。故选C。
8. —Can you help me with the math problem, Dad ________.
—OK, let me think it over.
A. I’m fed up with it B. I’m stuck C. I didn’t get it D. I can’t find it
【8题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——爸爸，你能帮我解决这道数学题吗？我被难住了。——好的，让我考虑一下。A. I’m fed up with it我受够了；B. I’m stuck我被难住了；C. I didn’t get it我不明白；D. I can’t find it我找不到。根据上文“Can you help me with the math problem, Dad ”指被数学题难住了，故选B。
9. Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she ________ it with hard work.
A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with
【9题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Caroline没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。goes back on违背；takes away from从……拿走；makes up for弥补；catches up with赶上。根据常识，用努力是来弥足不足的。故选C。
10. (2014·天津卷)Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ it didn’t fit
A. to find B. found
C. finding D. having found
【10题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她焦急地从包里拿出裙子试穿，结果却发现不合身。only +动词不定式，表示意想不到的结果。found是过去分词，常常表示被动和完成的含义；finding是现在分词，常常表示主动和进行；having found 是-ing的完成式，表示动作发生在先。故选A。
11. Do you remember a certain occasion ________ you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【11题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你还记得有一次你有困难的时候，我曾帮助过你吗？此处为定语从句修饰先行词occasion，先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故选C。
12. Energy, passion and a burning desire are, you see, ________ true learning takes.
A. that B. what
C. how D. which
【12题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：精力，激情和渴望，你是知道的，是真正求知所需。此处是表语从句，连接词在从句中作take的宾语，指代“真正求知所需的东西”。故选B。
13. Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Tianjin.
A. unless B. although C. until D. since
【13题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：马克需要学习汉语因为他的公司要在天津开一个分公司。A. unless除非；B. although尽管；C. until直到；D. since既然，因为。根据题意，前后之间为因果关系，因为要开分公司，所以需要学习汉语。故选D。
14. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. to provide
【14题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在填完这份表格并签了字之后，请用我们提供的信封把它寄回给我们。分析可知，envelope后是定语，而provide和envelope之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故选B。
15. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That’s right. ________.
A. Many hands make light work B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
【15题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情境对话。句意：——聚会之后，如果我们都自愿提供帮助，收拾干净，用不了多长时间。——是的，人多好办事。A. Many hands make light work人多好办事；B. Something is better than nothing有总比没有好；C. The more the merrier人越多越热闹；D. The sooner begun, the sooner done越早开始，越早完成。根据语境可知，本句是说人多力量大，人多好办事。故选A。
2022届天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三年级线上模拟英语试卷（二） （解析版）
1. —It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome
— ________ . There were good things and bad things about them.
A. Couldn’t be better B. Let’s stick to the point
C. That’s something D. It’s really hard to say
【1题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——这是一次美妙的旅行。那么，你更喜欢哪个城市，巴黎还是罗马？——这很难说。它们有好的一面，也有坏的一面。A. Couldn’t be better不能再好了；B. Let’s stick to the point让我们紧扣主题吧；C. That’s something真是了不起；D. It’s really hard to say这很难说。由“There were good things and bad things about them”可知，两个城市都有好的一面，也有坏的一面，因此很难说更喜欢哪个，因此空格处意为“这很难说”，故选D。
2. Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ________ that I had never seen.
A. ones B. one C. those D. the ones
【2题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：张先生给了我许多贵重的礼物，这些礼物都是我从未见过的。作前面复数名 presents的同位语，所以用复数代词。ones泛指，替代前面出现的复数名词。those特指，替代前面出现的同类名词，但不是同一个物体。the ones特指前面出现的复数名词，相当于the +复数可数名词，相当于those。根据句意可知，此处泛指张先生送的一类礼物，所以用代词ones。故选A。
3. As the opening ceremony of the Winter Games 2022 was held successfully, Olympic Mascot Bing Dwen Dwen becomes________ popular.
A. frequently B. increasingly C. individually D. deliberately
【3题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着2022年冬奥会开幕式的成功举办，奥运吉祥物冰墩墩越来越受欢迎。A. frequently频繁地；B. increasingly越来越多地；C. individually分别地；D. deliberately故意地。由“As the opening ceremony of the Winter Games 2022 was held successfully”可知，句子表示“随着2022年冬奥会开幕式的成功举办，奥运吉祥物冰墩墩越来越受欢迎”，空格处意为“越来越多地”，故选B。
4. If you miss this chance, it may be years ________ you get another one.
A. as B. before
C. since D. after
【4题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要等几年的时间才会再有一次。It be + 时间段 + before …表示“要……多么才会……”，故选B项。
5. When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching_______, a specific program to address academic needs.
A. comparison B. accumulation C. intervention D. conservation
【5题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，这是一个针对学业需求的特定项目。A. comparison对比；B. accumulation积累；C. intervention干预；D. conservation保护。由“When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math”可知，句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预”，空格处意为“干预”，故选C。
6. The university estimates that living expenses for international students _________ around $8,450 per year, which _________ a burden for some of them.
A. are; is B. is; are
C. is; is D. are; are
【6题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：高校评估对于国际学生一年的生活花费大约8,450美元，对于一些人来说是有负担的。第一句话的主语是 living expenses为复数，所以谓语动词用复数形式，第二句话主语是主句陈述的内容，所以谓语动词应用单数，故选A。
7. Mary was greatly inspired though she made ________improvements in her English writing.
A. brilliant B. modest C. substantial D. considerable
【7题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽虽然在英语写作上只有一点点进步，但她还是深受鼓舞。A. brilliant极聪明的；B. modest适度的，中等的；C. substantial数目大的，可观的；D. considerable相当多的，相当大的。因为句中有“though尽管”表让步，说明她只有很小的进步。故选B项。
8. Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day, ________ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing.
A. where B. which
C. when D. that
【8题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：贝拉总是很开朗，每天在她办公室里营造友好的工作氛围，她的同事们觉得这样的氛围轻松愉快。句中先行词为atmosphere，在非限定性定语从句中作动词find的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选B。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词atmosphere，再分析先行词atmosphere在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词atmosphere带到从句中作动词find的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。
9. Children shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might ________ the things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate C. innovate D. imitate
【9题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们可能会模仿他们所看到的东西。A. indicate指示；B. investigate调查；C. innovate改革；D. imitate模仿。根据“the things they see”及常识可知，孩子会模仿他们看到的行为。故选D。
10. That Peter has spent too much time on novels recently may________ his poor grade in the exam.
A. answer for B. stand for C. account for D. apply for
【10题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Peter最近在小说上花了太多的时间，这可能是他考试成绩差的原因。A. answer for为……负责；B. stand for代表，象征；C. account for说明……的原因；D. apply for申请。根据“Peter has spent too much time on novels”可知，花太多时间看小说是成绩差的原因。故选C。
11. They studied these issues in detail and reached ________ I thought was appropriate conclusions.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
【11题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他们详细研究了这些问题，得出了我认为合适的结论。A. which哪一个；B. where哪里；C. what什么，所……的；D. that引导宾语从句无意义，只起连接作用。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，应用连接代词what引导。故选C项。
12. Mr. White, who ________ in Shanghai for seven years, is a manager of a company in Beijing.
A. worked B. had worked C. was working D. has worked
【12题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：怀特先生在上海工作了七年，现在是北京一家公司的经理。根据定语从句中时间状语for seven years及空后is a manager of a company in Beijing可知，此处陈述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故选A。
13. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons______ for the day.
A. finishing B. finished
C. had finished D. were finished
【13题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们从语法学校回家，今天的作业写完了。根据句子结构判断，前后句没有连词，此处为独立主格结构，完成和逻辑主语课程是被动关系，功课是被完成，因此用过去分词。故选B。
【点睛】
14. You ________allow a golden opportunity to slip through your fingers or you will regret it later.
A. may not B. wouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
【14题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你千万不能让绝好的机会从指缝间溜走，否则你以后会后悔的。A. may not也许不；B. wouldn’t不会；C. needn’t不必；D. mustn’t一定不要。根据“or you will regret it later.”可知，一定不要将机会溜走，否则会后悔的，应用情态动词mustn’t。故选D。
15. —Do you know anything about Zhang Guimei
—________. She has been honored as a role model in China’s poverty alleviation fight.
A. You got me there B. By all means
C. By no means D. I couldn’t agree more
【15题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你知道张桂梅吗 ——当然。她被誉为中国扶贫斗争的榜样。A. You got me there你把我难倒了；B. By all means当然；C. By no means绝不；D. I couldn’t agree more我完全同意。根据“She has been honored as a role model in China’s poverty alleviation fight.”可知，当然知道张桂梅了。故选B。
天津市第一中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第四次月考英语试卷（解析版）
1. —Ann, our department has just been named the Department of the Year because of the outstanding sales.
—________.
A. Good to know B. I’ll say
C. I hear you on that one D. Can’t argue with that
【1题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——安，我们部门刚刚因为出色的销售业绩被评为年度最佳部门。——知道这个真是太好了。A.Good to know知道这个真是太好了；B.I’ll say非常同意；C.I hear you on that one我明白你的意思；D.Can’t argue with that这点毋庸置疑。由上文的“our department has just been named the Department of the Year because of the outstanding sales”可知，第一个人告诉第二个人一个好消息，第二个人应说“知道这个真是太好了”，故选A。
2. The experience in Paris gave the young musician a unique________ into the influence of music on children, so he founded a school to teach children to play the piano.
A. privilege B. liberty C. insight D. emergency
【2题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在巴黎的经历让这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解，所以他创办了一所学校教孩子们弹钢琴。A. privilege特权；B. liberty自由；C. insight洞察力，见解；D. emergency紧急情况。根据“the influence of music on children”可知，此处表示这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解。故选C。
3. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only ________ beaten.
A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly
【3题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这场篮球赛的最后比分是93-94。我们几乎以微弱的差距败北。A. nearly几乎，差不多; B. slightly轻微地，稍微; C. narrowly勉强地，以毫厘之差; D. lightly轻柔地，轻轻地。根据上文的“93-94”可知，此处是指几乎以毫厘之差败北。故选C。
4. People are fond of the girl’s fashion design________ the style of modern clothes with that of traditional Hanfu.
A. mixing B. to mix C. mixed D. having mixed
【4题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们喜欢这个女孩将现代服装风格与传统汉服风格相结合的时尚设计。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词are fond of，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，design和mix为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故选A。
5. When receiving the letter last night, I didn’t notice what________ on the back of the letter.
A. marked B. has marked C. has been marked D. was marked
【5题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：昨晚收到信的时候，我没有注意到信的背面有什么标识。what和mark为被动关系，需用被动语态，排除A项和B项；结合“didn’t notice”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故选D。
6. The restaurant has changed its service and some of its dishes________ the complaints from the customers.
A. in response to B. in return for C. in respect of D. in exchange for
【6题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了回应顾客投诉，这家餐厅已经改变了服务和一些菜品。A.in response to为了回应；B.in return for作为……的报答；C.in respect of关于，涉及；D.in exchange for以换取。由“The restaurant has changed its service and some of its dishes”可知，句子表示“为了回应顾客的投诉，这家餐厅已经改变了服务和一些菜品”，空格处意为“为了回应”，故选A。
7. Nothing taught by others can have the same effect on you as________ learned by yourself.
A. one B. that C. those D. this
【7题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：别人教给你的任何东西对你的影响都比不上你自己学到的东西。A. one一个人，表示泛指；B. that那个，特指，代替与前面同类的不同物的单数名词或者不可数名词以及代词；C. those那些，特指，代替与前面同类的不同物的复数名词；D. this这个。此处指代nothing，上文nothing的修饰词是“taught by others ”，此处nothing的修饰词是“learned by yourself”，同类不同物。故选B。
8. The power supply in this city has been completely________, causing a factories to stop their production.
A. knocked down B. knocked out C. broken up D. broken away
【8题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个城市的电力供应完全瘫痪了，一家工厂停止了生产。A. knocked down撞到；B. knocked out使瘫痪；C. broken up打碎，破碎；D. broken away脱离。根据“a factories to stop their production”可推知，电力供应全瘫痪了。故选B项。
9. All the issues we were concerned about were settled, but we thought the result was________ ideal.
A. other than B. aside from C. rather than D. far from
【9题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：所有我们关心的问题都解决了，但我们认为结果还很不理想。A. other than除了；B. aside from；C. rather than而不是；D. far from除……之外；D. far from远非，远远不是。根据“All the issues we were concerned about were settled”和“but”可知，此处表示认为结果还是很不理想。故选D。
10. Hello! This is Li Hua. I’m calling to put off the appointment I________ with Dr, Li until next Wednesday.
A. will make B. had made C. have made D. would make
【10题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你好！这是李华。我打电话来是想把我和李医生的约会推迟到下周三。根据语境以及“until next Wednesday”可推断，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，约会已经预订下来，现在要推迟，故使用现在完成时。故选C。
11. Topics of conversations should be ______ to the experiences and interests of the students.
Otherwise, they won’t be interested.
A. sensitive B. allergic C. familiar D. relevant
【11题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：交谈的话题应该是与学生的经历和兴趣相关。否则，他们不会感兴趣。A.sensitive敏感的；B.allergic过敏的；厌恶的；fC.amiliar熟悉的；D.relevant与……有关。根据下文“否则，他们不会感兴趣”可知，话题应该与学生的经历和兴趣有关，故选D。
【点睛】
12. I like sports and prefer those________ players need to work as a team instead of competing against each other.
A. when B. that C. where D. who
【12题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢体育运动，更喜欢那些需要运动员团队合作而不是相互竞争的运动。分析句子可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为those（sports），在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，故选C。
13. I wonder why we________ eat out all the time when we can cook our own meals at home.
A. may B. would C. should D. must
【13题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：既然我们很容易的在家烧饭，为什么偏要外去吃呢？A.may 可能；B.would 将要；C.should 应该；D.must 偏偏，。分析句子可知，既然我们很容易的在家烧饭，为什么偏要外去吃呢，故选D。
14. ________Earth is the only planet known to support life, humans’ adaptability will surely allow us to live on other planets.
A. While B. Since C. Until D. Unless
【14题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然地球是已知的唯一支持生命的行星，但人类的适应性肯定会让我们生活在其他行星上。A. While虽然；B. Since自从，因为；C. Until直到；D. Unless除非。结合句意，此处用while“虽然”引导让步状语从句符合语境。故选A。
15. It’s unclear________ the tiny computer will be released, but it will come onto the market sooner or later.
A. when B. what C. how D. whether
【15题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前还不清楚这种微型电脑何时会上市，但它迟早会进入市场。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，结合“sooner or later.”可知，从句缺少时间状语，需用连接副词when引导。故选A。
天津市南开中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第四次学情调研英语试题（解析版）
1. If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature there will survive ______.
A. at all cost B. for a long while
C. in the long run D. by no means
【1题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词短语。句意：如果人们一直污染海洋的话，从长远来看 ，没有生物能够幸存。A. at all cost不惜以任何代价；B. for a long while很长时间；C. in the long run从长远来看；D. by no means决不。根据句意可知，海洋污染对生物的影响，故选C。
2. Mr. Wilson is a man of patience and kindness, and his good temper never ______ him.
A. fails B. disappoints
C. controls D. worries
【2题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Wilson是一个善良又耐心的人，同时一直脾气都很好。A. fails (品质或能力)有负于;(使)不如愿;不够；B. disappoints使失望；C. controls控制；D. worries担忧。故选A。
3. -- Did Jim come
-- I don’t know. He _______ while I was out.
A. might have come B. might come
C. must have come D. should have come
【3题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词推测用法。句意：Jim来了吗？--我不知道，在我不在的时候，可能来过。根据前文I don’t know.可知，说话者不知道Jim来没来，因此后文推测来过，但是语气很不确定，故可知选A。对过去情况的推测 为情态动词+have done，must have done 一定做了某事，should have done 应该来过，不符合，故选A。
【点睛】情态动词+have+过去分词的用法，表示推测或判断过去的情况。
can/could+have+过去分词用法：①多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑，意为：不可能（已经）......了-（否定句）/可能（已经）......了嘛？-（疑问句）②用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有轻微的责备，意为：本来可以......的（但实际上没有......）。You could have done better, but you were too careless.（肯定句。他能做得更好的）
should/ought to+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有责备的意思，意为：本来应该......的（但实际上没有......）。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备，意为：本来不应该......的（但实际上已经......了）。He should have been asleep.（肯定句，他本应去睡觉的）He shouldn't have been asleep.（否定句，他本来不应该去睡觉的）。
may/might+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句和否定句中，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为：或许（已经）....../或许还没有......。It is too late. He may have gone to bed.
must+have+过去分词用法：表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时，不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.（must 的引入，表达了说话者对过去忘记告诉你的这件事肯定推测）
needn't+have+过去分词
用法：表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔，意为：本来可以不必......的（可实际上却已经......）You needn't have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.
4. -- I prefer a computer made in your company, but I may need some more information about the product.
-- ______.
A. Thank you B. It’s a pleasure
C. You are welcome D. At your service
【4题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：我更喜欢贵公司的电脑，但是我仍需要更多的信息。--，随时为您效劳。B. It’s a pleasure 很荣幸；C. You are welcome不客气；D. At your service随时为您效劳。分享句子可知，该对话发生在客户与服务人员，故选 D。
5. —Would you mind moving over a little I have to pass here.
—________ I’d like to help.
A. Not in the slightest. B. Don’t mention it.
C. Never mind. D. At your service.
【5题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你介意稍微移动一下吗？我要从这里过去。——一点也不介意，我很愿意帮忙。A. Not in the slightest根本不；B. Don’t mention it不客气；C. Never mind没关系；D. At your service愿意为您服务。由“I’d like to help”可知，作者一点也不介意。故A选项正确。
6. This was returned because the person ________ this letter was addressed had died three years ago.
A. to whom B. to which
C. which D. whom
【6题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词+关系代词。句意：这封信被退回来是因为收信人三年前去世了。分析句子可知，the person为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作介词的宾语，而定语从句中涉及be address to sb“给……写信”。所以介词为to。故A选项正确。
【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)。
(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)；
(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。
分析本句可知，the person为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作作介词的宾语。而定语从句中涉及be address to sb “给...写信”。所以介词为to。故A选项正确。
7. Hearing the news, she rushed out, ________ the book ________ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open B. left; lay opened
C. leaving; lie opened D. leaving; lying open
【7题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：听见这个消息，她冲了出去，留在书本打开着放在桌子上，就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系，使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是形容词表示状态，lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。
【点睛】leave的几种用法
leave除了离开之外，还有以下几种用法：
一、作"留下"、"丢下"、"落下",常表示某物落在/忘在某地。
二、 表示"留给"、"交给",一般与介词with或to搭配。
三、 leave作使役动词,表示"使/ 让……保持某种状态"。
① 用形容词作宾语补足语
② 用不定式作宾语补足语
③ 用现在分词作宾语补足语
④ 用过去分词作宾语补足语
⑤ 还可用名词、介词短语等作宾语补足语
四、 leave的过去分词left,常用作后置定语,表示"剩下的"。
五、 leave还可作名词,表示"休假"、"假期"。
分析句子可知，leave作使役动词,表示"使/ 让……保持某种状态"。第一空leaving是一个现在分词做状语的用法，因为leave与he构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是一个形容词表示状态，Lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。
8. ________ some teenagers don’t realize is ________ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
A. That; how B. Which; what a
C. What; what D. What; how
【8题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词。句意：青少年所意识不到的是他们染上毒瘾后生活会变得多么艰难。分析句子可知，第一空是主语从句，从句中realize缺少宾语所以用关系代词what来充当宾语，表示“所……的”；第二空是表语从句，此句是一个感叹句，空后面的词是形容词difficult所以用how修饰。故D选项正确。
【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：
一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.
二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。
how引导的感叹句有三种结构形式；感叹副词how用来修饰其后的形容词或副词，也可以修饰动词。
1．How+形容词+主语+谓语！例如：
2．How+副词+主语+谓语！例如：
3．How+主语+谓语！例如：
what引导的感叹句也有三种结构形式；感叹形容词what作定语，用来修饰它后面的名词或词组。
1．what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！
2．what+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！
3．what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！
分析句子可知，第一空是主语从句，从句中realize缺少宾语所以用关系代词what来充当宾语。第二空是表语从句，此句是一个感叹句，空后面的词是形容词difficult所以用how修饰。故D选项正确。
9. We’d better take umbrellas—I’m sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it’s always wet there at this time of year.
A. will rain B. is raining
C. will be raining D. would rain
【9题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们最好带上雨伞。我肯定当我们到达伦敦时，天气会下雨，每年这个时候那里都是潮湿的。when引导的时间状语从句适用主将从现，故主句用一般将来时，根据“it’s always wet there at this time of year.”可知，此处表将来一段时间内都在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故选C。
10. —What about your self-drive trip yesterday
—Tiring! The road was being widened, and we ________ a rough ride.
A. had B. have
C. would have D. have had
【10题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你昨天的自驾游怎么样？——令人疲惫！道路正在拓宽，我们经历了一段艰难的旅程。根据语境可知，此处叙述的是昨天发生的情况，应用一般过去时。故选A。
11. —When did you get to know your girlfriend
—It was in 2015 ________ she was working as a volunteer in Africa.
A. that B. which
C. when D. then
【11题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：——你什么时候认识你女朋友的？——是在她在非洲做志愿者的2015年。本句为定语从句修饰先行词2015，且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故用关系副词when。故选C。
12. ---Are you satisfied with his school report
---Not at all. It couldn’t have been ______.
A. worse B. so bad
C. better D. the worst
【12题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：--你对他的成绩单满意吗？--一点都不。没有比这更糟的了。根据语境可知，此处是表达最高级，否定词+比较级可以表达最高级。故选A。
13. Is it he or you ________ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually
A. who is B. that is
C. who are D. whom are
【13题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句和主谓一致。句意：是你还是他负责这个工作都应该准时完成这个工作？这是强调句的一般疑问句，因为是强调的是人，连接词用that和who都可以，由or连接两个以上主语时，动词和最接近的主语一致，由此可以排除A和B；whom引导定语从句时在从句中作宾语，所以排除D。故C选项正确。
14. China’s soft power grows ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A. in line with B. in reply to
C. in return for D. in honour of
【14题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：中国的软实力增长与全球对中国与日俱增的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with按照；与……一致；B. in reply to答复；C. in return for作为……的报答；D. in honour of为纪念，为庆祝。故选A。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。考生平时在学习中多积累之外还需要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多辨析意思相近的介词短语，重点关注它们用法上的区别。
15. The fellow we spoke ________ no comment at first.
A. to make B. to made
C. made D. to making
【15题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：和我们说话的那个人一开始没有发表评论。we spoke作the fellow的定语从句，speak不及物，表示和某人谈话应用speak to sb.故该定语从句补充完整为we spoke to，剩余部分为主句，根据spoke可知，主句叙述的是过去的事情，故谓语动词应用made。综上，该空应填to made。B选项正确。
16. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
【16题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。A. resembling像；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顾；D. restoring恢复。故选B符合语境。
17. It took _______building supplies to construct these energy saving houses. It took brains, too.
A. other than B. more than
C. rather than D. less than
【17题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：去建造这些节能房屋不仅仅需要建筑材料，而且需要大脑。A. other than 除了……之外；B. more than多于，不仅仅；C. rather than 而不是；D. less than少于。根据It took brains, too.可知，建造这些节能房屋不只是需要建筑材料。故选B。
18. The art show was ______ being a failure; it was a great success.
A. far from B. along with
C. next to D. regardless of
【18题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：这次艺术展不是失败，而是成功的。A. far from远非，完全不；B. along with与……一起；C. next to几乎，差不多；D. regardless of不管，不顾。根据“it was a great success”可知，这次艺术展不是失败。故选A项。
19. —I hope you enjoyed the film last night.
—How on earth do you know I went to a film I ______ you
A. won’t tell B. didn’t tell C. haven’t told D. don’t tell
【19题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：—我希望你喜欢昨晚的电影。—你怎么知道我去看电影了？我没告诉你。根据语境，此处回答暗指“last night”（昨天晚上）没有告诉你，动词时态用一般过去时。故选B项。
20. — Shall we go for a drink downstairs
— . Will two o’clock be OK
A. Sorry, Ｉ’m not available now B. Sure, no problem
C. Sorry, I can’t make it today D. Sure, it’s up to you
【20题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景对话。句意：---我们去楼下喝一杯好吗？-对不起，现在没空。两点可以吗？ Sorry, I’m not available now. 抱歉，现在没空；Sure, no problem当然，没问题；Sorry, I can’t make it today对不起，今天不行；D. Sure, it’s up to you当然，由你决定。根据“两点钟可以吗”可知，现在没空，故选A。
21. ---What are you going to do with the flaw in the vase
---I can either send a new one to you by express mail or _____ compensate you at a reasonable price.
A. artificially B. accordingly C. alternatively D. consistently
【21题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：---你打算怎么处理花瓶上的瑕疵？---我可以用特快专递寄一个新的花瓶给你，也可以以合理的价格赔偿你。A. artificially 人 工 地；B. accordingly 因 此，相应地 ；C. alternatively 或 者，要不然；D. consistently 一 贯 地。alternatively“或者，要不然”符合句意。故选C项。
22. I ________ to help you with your homework but I couldn’t spare any time, I ________ a composition last night and I’ll finish it today.
A. wanted; was writing B. wanted; wrote
C. have wanted; wrote D. had wanted; was writing
【22题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查过去完成时和过去进行时。句意：我本来想帮你做作业的，但我抽不出任何时间，我昨晚在写作文，今天我要把它写完。根据“but I couldn't spare any time”可知，此处是指过去未实现的愿望或打算，应用had wanted表示“本来想”。根据“I’ll finish it today”可知，此处是指昨晚在写作文，所以应用过去进行时。故选D。
23. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. it’s
C. whose D. whom
【23题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。先行词the World Food Programme在非限制性定语从句作定语，修饰名词purpose，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选C项。
24. 【2018·江苏】Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.
A. assignment B. association
C. acquisition D. assumption
【24题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。A. assignment分配；B. association协会，社团；C. acquisition获得物；D. assumption假设。故选D。
点睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键词actually happening（实际发生）和instead of（而不是）可推知，与actually happening相反是“假设”，从而选出正确答案。
25. The beautiful girl chose to teach in a village school, though she ______ in a big city for an easier life.
A. could stay B. could have stayed
C. must have stayed D. must stay
【25题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词的完成式。句意：这个漂亮的女孩选择在一所乡村学校教书，尽管她本可以留在大城市过更轻松的生活。情态动词的完成式：could have done“本来能做而没有完成”。故选B。
26. ______ we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
A. Before B. Until C. Unless D. Once
【26题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一旦我们做了决定，在大多数情况下，就没有回头路了。A. Before在……之前；B. Until直到；C. Unless除非；D. Once一旦。引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”应用once。故选D。
27. _____ the ups and downs in my life, I eventually realized what life was all about.
A. Experienced B. Having experienced
C. To experience D. Experiencing
【27题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经历过了生活中的起起落落，我终于意识到了生活的全部意义。非谓语动词experience与主句的主语 I 之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式；是“经历过了，才意识到”，experience动作发生在主句动作realize之前，用完成式，故用现在分词完成式。故选B项。
【点睛】现在分词的完成式
现在分词完成式的基本结构由“having+过去分词”构成 ，常用作状语。
现在分词的完成式的用法
1. 表示非谓语动作先于谓语的动作：即当现在分词所表示的动作先于谓语动作发生时，现在分词就用完成式。
Having written down our names and addresses, the policeman let us go. 那警察把我们的姓名和地址记下之后就让我们走了。（非谓语动作having written down… 发生在先，主句动作let us go在后）
2. 现在分词的一般式和完成式的区别：
现在分词的一般式和完成式均可表示主动的动作，但是现在分词完成式所表示的动作先于主句谓语动作， 现在分词的一般式表示的动作与主句的动作同时发生或紧接着发生。
Having bought our tickets, we went into the theatre. 我们买好票后就进了剧院。
（非谓语动作having bought … 发生在先，主句动作went into…在后）
He lived in the empty house, feeling lonely. 他住在空荡荡的房子里， 感到很孤独。
(现在分词一般式feeling lonely 与主句动作lived in…同时发生，现在分词作伴随状语)
Approaching the city center, we saw a statue 8 meters in height. 接近市中心的时候， 我们看到了一个8米高的雕像。(现在分词一般式approaching the city center 作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句 when we approached the city center,) 与主句动作 saw a statue同时发生)
Having failed twice, he didn’t want to try again. 他已经失败了两次，不想再试了。
（现在分词完成式having failed twice表示原因，相当于原因状语从句As he had failed twice）。
28. —We got here Tuesday afternoon.
—________ Why didn’t you call us earlier
A. Good luck! B. You did
C. It’s no surprise. D. You are welcome
【28题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我们星期二下午到的。——真的假的？你为什么不早点给我们打电话？A.Good luck!祝你好运！ B.You did 真的假的？C.It’s no surprise.这没什么奇怪的；D.You are welcome不客气。根据“Why didn’t you call us earlier ”可知，此处表示对前者的话很惊讶。故选B。
29. It is not always easy for the public to see ________ use a new invention can be of to human life.
A. whose B. what C. which D. that
【29题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：对于公众来说看到一项新发明对人类有什么用途并不总是很容易的。what在宾语从句中作定语，意为“什么样的”，A. whose谁的；C. which哪一个；D. that引导名词性从句，没有意义，不作成分，其它三项不合题意。故选B。
30. ____to the students at home, the textbooks enabled them to study more efficiently.
A. Distributing B. Having distributed
C. Being distributed D. Distributed
【30题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：课本被分发给家里的学生，使他们能更有效地学习。分析句子结构可知distribute在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语textbooks构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故排除A/B选项；C选项Being distributed表示“正在被……”，句子没有体现动作正在进行，与前后语境不符。故选D。
单项填空
2022届天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版）
一、单项选择
1. —Where have you been, Alice You’re over an hour late.
—Yes, but ______. I was late getting off work and then I missed the bus.
A. I had no idea B. I couldn’t help it C. that’s not the point D. that didn’t count
2. The media are filled with ________ about what roles women should play in society.
A. crisis B. convention C. stereotypes D. substances
3. —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She ______ a lot of difficulties!
A. may go through B. might go through
C. need have gone through D. must have gone through
4. When it comes to the speed of response, a small firm can ___________a big company.
A. outnumber B. outgrow C. outlive D. outdo
5. Plato believed that talent and intelligence _________genetically and thus _________in children born to all classes, although his proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really follow a democratic model.
A. is not distributed, is to be found B. are not distributed, are to be found
C. is not distributed, has been found D. are not distributed, have been found
6. After ______ by the heavy deluge, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ______ in the disaster region.
A. struck, were trapped B. being struck, trapped
C. struck, having been trapped D. having been struck ; were trapped
7. —Your cousin is graduating from high school this year. Has she decided on a college
— No, all her college plans are ______. She doesn’t even know what she wants to study!
A. over the moon B. up in the air C. out of the blue D. on cloud nine
8. A ________ teacher is very strict and will point out your mistakes directly so that you know clearly how to improve yourself.
A. reserved B. vulnerable C. esteemed D. demanding
9. Sina Weibo banned 1,830 users for 90 days, silenced 100 accounts ______ and deleted 3,770 posts for violating laws.
A. particularly B. ultimately C. permanently D. extensively
10. They ________with their guests in their spacious room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors __________onto a veranda.
A. seated...open B. are seating...opened C. are seated...opening D. seated themselves...opened
11. My deskmate is surprisingly intelligent. He_________himself all the lessons he missed since he was in hospital, as a result of which he remains among the top students despite his sick leave.
A. teaches B. taught C. had taught D. has taught
12. There is no doubt __________the temperature goes down, metal ____________.
A. that...contacts B. whether...contrasts C. that when...contracts D. when...contracts
13. Some other advertisers have turned to “proximity marketing,” _________retailers detect _________the consumers are on the street and send __________advertisements to their phone.
A. where, where, tailored B. whose, where, tailoring
C. where that, tailored D. whose, that, tailoring
14. The artist ________the judge gave a prize is the teacher________ I have been taught for three years.
A. to whom; who B. from who; who
C. to whom; by whom D. from whom; by whom
15. Motorists ________to the radio or their familiar tunes on CDs may have a new way to entertain themselves, after engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.
A. used to listening B. who used to listen
C. who used to listening D. who are used to listen
2022届天津市第五十七中学高三下学期线上模拟英语测试 （解析版）
第一节：单项填空（共 15小题：每小题 1分，满分 15分）
从 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Can I really get a mountain bicycle as a reward if I win the English Spoken Competition
—Absolutely! ________.
A. It all depends B. I mean it C. You’ve got me D. So will you
2. ___________ I have a word with you It won’t take long.
A. Can B. Must
C. Shall D. Should
3. We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.
A. attempts B. requests
C. doubts D. promises
4. —Why did you leave the water running in the sink
—Heavens! I guess I ________ to turn it off.
A. forgot B. have forgotten C. will forget D. had forgotten
5. Nowadays, basic health care services are ________ to almost all the Chinese people. This accounts for the fact that the average life expectancy of all the Chinese has already risen to 75.
A. accessible B. abundant C. accurate D. attractive
6. Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.
A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted
7. ________ the numbers in employment the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year.
A. In spite of B. In case of C. In terms of D. In praise of
8. —Can you help me with the math problem, Dad ________.
—OK, let me think it over.
A. I’m fed up with it B. I’m stuck C. I didn’t get it D. I can’t find it
9. Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she ________ it with hard work.
A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with
10. (2014·天津卷)Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ it didn’t fit
A. to find B. found
C. finding D. having found
11. Do you remember a certain occasion ________ you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand
A. which B. that C. when D. where
12. Energy, passion and a burning desire are, you see, ________ true learning takes.
A. that B. what
C. how D. which
13. Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Tianjin.
A. unless B. although C. until D. since
14. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. to provide
15. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That’s right. ________.
A. Many hands make light work B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
2022届天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三年级线上模拟英语试卷（二） （解析版）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome
— ________ . There were good things and bad things about them.
A. Couldn’t be better B. Let’s stick to the point
C. That’s something D. It’s really hard to say
2. Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ________ that I had never seen.
A. ones B. one C. those D. the ones
3. As the opening ceremony of the Winter Games 2022 was held successfully, Olympic Mascot Bing Dwen Dwen becomes________ popular.
A. frequently B. increasingly C. individually D. deliberately
4. If you miss this chance, it may be years ________ you get another one.
A. as B. before
C. since D. after
5. When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching_______, a specific program to address academic needs.
A. comparison B. accumulation C. intervention D. conservation
6. The university estimates that living expenses for international students _________ around $8,450 per year, which _________ a burden for some of them.
A. are; is B. is; are
C. is; is D. are; are
7. Mary was greatly inspired though she made ________improvements in her English writing.
A. brilliant B. modest C. substantial D. considerable
8. Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day, ________ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing.
A. where B. which
C. when D. that
9. Children shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might ________ the things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate C. innovate D. imitate
10. That Peter has spent too much time on novels recently may________ his poor grade in the exam.
A. answer for B. stand for C. account for D. apply for
11. They studied these issues in detail and reached ________ I thought was appropriate conclusions.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
12. Mr. White, who ________ in Shanghai for seven years, is a manager of a company in Beijing.
A. worked B. had worked C. was working D. has worked
13. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons______ for the day.
A. finishing B. finished
C. had finished D. were finished
14. You ________allow a golden opportunity to slip through your fingers or you will regret it later.
A. may not B. wouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
15. —Do you know anything about Zhang Guimei
—________. She has been honored as a role model in China’s poverty alleviation fight.
A. You got me there B. By all means
C. By no means D. I couldn’t agree more
天津市第一中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第四次月考英语试卷（解析版）
第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Ann, our department has just been named the Department of the Year because of the outstanding sales.
—________
A. Good to know B. I’ll say
C. I hear you on that one D. Can’t argue with that
2. The experience in Paris gave the young musician a unique________ into the influence of music on children, so he founded a school to teach children to play the piano.
A. privilege B. liberty C. insight D. emergency
3. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only ________ beaten.
A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly
4. People are fond of the girl’s fashion design________ the style of modern clothes with that of traditional Hanfu.
A. mixing B. to mix C. mixed D. having mixed
5. When receiving the letter last night I didn’t notice what________ on the back of the letter.
A. marked B. has marked C. has been marked D. was marked
6. The restaurant has changed its service and some of its dishes________ the complaints from the customers.
A. in response to B. in return for C. in respect of D. in exchange for
7. Nothing taught by others can have the same effect on you as________ learned by yourself.
A. one B. that C. those D. this
8. The power supply in this city has been completely________, causing a factories to stop their production.
A. knocked down B. knocked out C. broken up D. broken away
9. All the issues we were concerned about were settled, but we thought the result was________ ideal.
A. other than B. aside from C. rather than D. far from
10. Hello! This is Li Hua. I’m calling to put off the appointment I________ with Dr, Li until next Wednesday.
A. will make B. had made C. have made D. would make
11. Topics of conversations should be ______ to the experiences and interests of the students.
Otherwise, they won’t be interested.
A. sensitive B. allergic C. familiar D. relevant
12. I like sports and prefer those________ players need to work as a team instead of competing against each other.
A. when B. that C. where D. who
13. I wonder why we________ eat out all the time when we can cook our own meals at home.
A. may B. would C. should D. must
14. ________Earth is the only planet known to support life, humans’ adaptability will surely allow us to live on other planets.
A. While B. Since C. Until D. Unless
15. It’s unclear________ the tiny computer will be released, but it will come onto the market sooner or later.
A. when B. what C. how D. whether
天津市南开中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第四次学情调研英语试题（解析版）
第一节、单项填空(共30小题，每小题1分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。
1. If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature there will survive ______.
A. at all cost B. for a long while
C. in the long run D. by no means
2. Mr. Wilson is a man of patience and kindness, and his good temper never ______ him.
A. fails B. disappoints
C. controls D. worries
3. -- Did Jim come
-- I don’t know. He _______ while I was out.
A. might have come B. might come
C. must have come D. should have come
4. -- I prefer a computer made in your company, but I may need some more information about the product.
-- ______.
A. Thank you B. It’s a pleasure
C. You are welcome D. At your service
5. —Would you mind moving over a little I have to pass here.
—________ I’d like to help.
A. Not in the slightest. B. Don’t mention it.
C. Never mind. D. At your service.
6. This was returned because the person ________ this letter was addressed had died three years ago.
A. to whom B. to which
C. which D. whom
7. Hearing the news, she rushed out, ________ the book ________ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open B. left; lay opened
C. leaving; lie opened D. leaving; lying open
8. ________ some teenagers don’t realize is ________ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
A. That; how B. Which; what a
C. What; what D. What; how
9. We’d better take umbrellas—I’m sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it’s always wet there at this time of year.
A. will rain B. is raining
C. will be raining D. would rain
10. —What about your self-drive trip yesterday
—Tiring! The road was being widened, and we ________ a rough ride.
A. had B. have
C. would have D. have had
11. —When did you get to know your girlfriend
—It was in 2015 ________ she was working as a volunteer in Africa.
A. that B. which
C. when D. then
12. ---Are you satisfied with his school report
---Not at all. It couldn’t have been ______.
A. worse B. so bad
C. better D. the worst
13. Is it he or you ________ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually
A. who is B. that is
C. who are D. whom are
14. China’s soft power grows ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A. in line with B. in reply to
C. in return for D. in honour of
15. The fellow we spoke ________ no comment at first.
A. to make B. to made
C. made D. to making
16. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
17. It took _______building supplies to construct these energy saving houses. It took brains, too.
A. other than B. more than
C. rather than D. less than
18. The art show was ______ being a failure; it was a great success.
A. far from B. along with
C. next to D. regardless of
19. —I hope you enjoyed the film last night.
—How on earth do you know I went to a film I ______ you
A. won’t tell B. didn’t tell C. haven’t told D. don’t tell
20. — Shall we go for a drink downstairs
— . Will two o’clock be OK
A. Sorry, Ｉ’m not available now B. Sure, no problem
C. Sorry, I can’t make it today D. Sure, it’s up to you
21. ---What are you going to do with the flaw in the vase
---I can either send a new one to you by express mail or _____ compensate you at a reasonable price.
A. artificially B. accordingly C. alternatively D. consistently
22. I ________ to help you with your homework but I couldn’t spare any time, I ________ a composition last night and I’ll finish it today.
A. wanted; was writing B. wanted; wrote
C. have wanted; wrote D. had wanted; was writing
23. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. it’s
C. whose D. whom
24. 【2018·江苏】Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.
A. assignment B. association
C. acquisition D. assumption
25. The beautiful girl chose to teach in a village school, though she ______ in a big city for an easier life.
A. could stay B. could have stayed
C. must have stayed D. must stay
26. ______ we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
A. Before B. Until C. Unless D. Once
27. _____ the ups and downs in my life, I eventually realized what life was all about.
A. Experienced B. Having experienced
C. To experience D. Experiencing
28. —We got here Tuesday afternoon.
—________ Why didn’t you call us earlier
A. Good luck! B. You did
C. It’s no surprise. D. You are welcome
29. It is not always easy for the public to see ________ use a new invention can be of to human life.
A. whose B. what C. which D. that
30. ____to the students at home, the textbooks enabled them to study more efficiently.
A. Distributing B. Having distributed
C. Being distributed D. Distributed
答案：
2022届天津经济技术开发区第一中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版）
1. —Where have you been, Alice You’re over an hour late.
—Yes, but ______. I was late getting off work and then I missed the bus.
A. I had no idea B. I couldn’t help it C. that’s not the point D. that didn’t count
【1题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：—爱丽丝，你去哪儿了？你迟到了一个多小时。—是的，但我没办法。我下班推迟了，然后错过了公共汽车。A. I had no idea我不知道；B. I couldn’t help it我没有办法；C. that’s not the point那不是重点；D. that didn’t count那不算。根据语境分析及I was late getting off work可知，作者迟到是没有办法的事情。故选B项。
2. The media are filled with ________ about what roles women should play in society.
A. crisis B. convention C. stereotypes D. substances
【2题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：媒体充斥着关于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色的刻板印象。A. crisis危机；B. convention习俗；C. stereotypes刻板印象；D. substances物质。由what roles women should play in society可知，媒体对于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色，总有一个刻板印象。故选C项。
3. —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She ______ a lot of difficulties!
A. may go through B. might go through
C. need have gone through D. must have gone through
【3题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——这位女生物学家在非洲研究野生动物长达13年才回国。——哦，天啊！她一定经历了很多困难！go through (经历)，根据“The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years”可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式。故选D。
4. When it comes to the speed of response, a small firm can ___________a big company.
A. outnumber B. outgrow C. outlive D. outdo
【4题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：提到响应的速度，小公司要胜于大公司。A. outnumber比……多；B. outgrow过度生长；C. outlive比……长寿；D. outdo胜于。根据句意及空前情态动词can可知，此处应填动词原形outdo，表示“优于、胜于”，故选D项。
5. Plato believed that talent and intelligence _________genetically and thus _________in children born to all classes, although his proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really follow a democratic model.
A. is not distributed, is to be found B. are not distributed, are to be found
C. is not distributed, has been found D. are not distributed, have been found
【5题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：柏拉图认为天赋和智力并不是由基因决定的，所有阶层的孩子都可以被发现有天赋，尽管他提出的针对受过教育的少数人的选择性公共教育体系并没有真正遵循民主模式。第一空，主语talent and intelligence 为不可数名词短语，表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数；第二空，根据句意，用be to do表示将来，也用单数形式，talent and intelligence与find之间是被动关系，因此用不定式的被动式，故选A。
【点睛】
6. After ______ by the heavy deluge, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ______ in the disaster region.
A. struck, were trapped B. being struck, trapped
C. struck, having been trapped D. having been struck ; were trapped
【6题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在遭受特大洪水袭击后，河南省的景点遭受了严重的破坏，许多游客被困在灾区。根据句意，分析句子可知，第一空中strike意为“袭击”，是非谓语动词，在介词after后，应使用动名词形式，与其逻辑主语Henan province之间有被动关系，所以应用动名词的被动式being struck，表示被动；第二空中trap意为“使……陷入困境”，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语many tourists构成独立主格作伴随状语，与其逻辑主语many tourists之间有被动关系，所以应用过去分词trapped，表被动。故选B项。
7. —Your cousin is graduating from high school this year. Has she decided on a college
— No, all her college plans are ______. She doesn’t even know what she wants to study!
A. over the moon B. up in the air C. out of the blue D. on cloud nine
【7题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查习语。A. over the moon欣喜若狂；B. up in the air悬而未决；C. out of the blue青出于蓝； D. on cloud nine兴奋无比。句意：——你表妹今年就要高中毕业了，她决定去那所大学了么？——没，她的大学计划还没有决定，她甚至都不知道自己想要学什么。根据“No”判断她还没有决定去哪所大学，故B项正确。
8. A ________ teacher is very strict and will point out your mistakes directly so that you know clearly how to improve yourself.
A. reserved B. vulnerable C. esteemed D. demanding
【8题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个苛刻的老师是非常严格的，会直接指出你的错误，让你清楚地知道如何提高自己。 A. reserved内敛的； B. vulnerable脆弱的； C. esteemed受人尊敬的； D. demanding苛刻的。根据句意中“非常严格的”可知，此处表达的是“苛刻的”老师，故选D。
9. Sina Weibo banned 1,830 users for 90 days, silenced 100 accounts ______ and deleted 3,770 posts for violating laws.
A. particularly B. ultimately C. permanently D. extensively
【9题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：新浪微博因用户违反法律，禁止了1830名用户90天，永久关闭100个账户，并删除了3770条帖子。A.particularly尤其，特别；B.ultimately最终；C.permanently永久地；D.extensively广泛地。由“silenced 100 accounts ______ and deleted 3,770 posts for violating laws”可知，句子表示“新浪微博永久关闭100个账户”，空格处是“永久地”，故选C。
10. They ________with their guests in their spacious room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors __________onto a veranda.
A. seated...open B. are seating...opened C. are seated...opening D. seated themselves...opened
【10题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态及现在分词。句意：他们与客人一起坐在宽敞的餐厅，其中有一个裸露的大理石地板，开放式的椽故和宽大的玻璃门是通向阳台的。根据定语从句中的谓语动词has可知，时态应是一般现在时。根据句子结构，第一空考查短语be seated with sb.表示“与某人一起坐”。根据主语They，故第一空填are seated；根据第二空处句意可知。此处应表示“通向”。根据句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语。主语open rafters and wide glass doors与动词open是主谓关系，用现在分词opening，故选C项。
11. My deskmate is surprisingly intelligent. He_________himself all the lessons he missed since he was in hospital, as a result of which he remains among the top students despite his sick leave.
A. teaches B. taught C. had taught D. has taught
【11题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我的同桌聪明得出奇。自从他住院以来，他已经自学了所有他错过的课程，因此，尽管他请了病假，他仍然是最好的学生之一。根据时间状语“since he was in hospital”可知，主句使用现在完成时，其基本构成形式是：have/has done，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，主语He表明用单数。故选D。
12. There is no doubt __________the temperature goes down, metal ____________.
A. that...contacts B. whether...contrasts C. that when...contracts D. when...contracts
【12题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句，时间状语从句及时态。句意：毫无疑问，当温度降低，金属缩小。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是同位语从句，引导词用that。本句描述客观事实，故用一般现在时。主语是单数名词metal，故用动词单三contracts，表示“缩小”。根据句意“当温度降低，金属缩小”可知，此句是时间状语从句，故用引导词when，故选C项。
13. Some other advertisers have turned to “proximity marketing,” _________retailers detect _________the consumers are on the street and send __________advertisements to their phone.
A. where, where, tailored B. whose, where, tailoring
C. where, that, tailored D. whose, that, tailoring
【13题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、名词性从句和非谓语动词。句意：其他一些广告主则转向了“邻近营销”，即零售商发现消费者在街上的位置，然后将定制的广告发送到他们的手机上。第一空为非限定性定语从句，句中先行词为 proximity marketing，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导；第二空为宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，所以用连接副词where引导；第三空为非谓语动词，名词advertisements与tailor之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故选A。
14. The artist ________the judge gave a prize is the teacher________ I have been taught for three years.
A. to whom; who B. from who; who
C. to whom; by whom D. from whom; by whom
【14题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：被评委评奖的那位艺术家就是教了我三年的老师。根据句子结构可知，第一空涉及动词短语give sth to sb，先行词The artist，为人，后接限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词to的宾语，故应用“介词+关系代词”引导从句，to后只能填whom，第一空应填to whom。第二空也考查限定性定语从句，先行词the teacher，为人，从句中作谓语动词teach的发出者，应用“介词by+关系代词whom”，第二空应填by whom。故选C项。
15. Motorists________to the radio or their familiar tunes on CDs may have a new way to entertain themselves, after engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.
A. used to listening B. who used to listen
C. who used to listening D. who are used to listen
【15题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。句意：在日本工程师发明了一种音乐路面之后，过去常常对着收音机或CD上熟悉的曲调大喊大叫的驾驶者可能有了一种新的娱乐方式。used to do“过去常常做某事”，be/get used to doing“习惯于做某事”，be used to do“被用来做……”；根据句意可知，此处涉及固定短语used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，此处作motorists的定语，可以用关系代词who引导。故选B。
2022届天津市第五十七中学高三下学期线上模拟英语测试 （解析版）
1. —Can I really get a mountain bicycle as a reward if I win the English Spoken Competition
—Absolutely! ________.
A. It all depends B. I mean it C. You’ve got me D. So will you
【1题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——如果我赢得英语口语比赛，我真的可以获得一辆山地自行车作为奖励吗？——当然了！我是认真的。A. It all depends视情况而定；B. I mean it我是认真的；C. You’ve got me你懂我；D. So will you你也将如此。根据答语Absolutely!可知，回答者是认真地许诺。故选B。
2. ___________ I have a word with you It won’t take long.
A. Can B. Must
C. Shall D. Should
【2题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】本题考查情态动词。句意：我能和你谈话吗？不会很长时间的。根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许不长时间的一个交谈，所以选择表示“能不能或可以不可以”的can。故选A。
3. We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.
A. attempts B. requests
C. doubts D. promises
【3题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：对于我们认识和喜欢的人的请求，我们大多喜欢说可以。A.attempt尝试；B. request请求；C.doubts怀疑；D.promises承诺。根据句意故选B。
。
【名师点睛】本题的关键信息是say yes，根据情理判断，我们会对他人的要求、求助说yes，把四个选项意思弄清楚，就不难选出答案了。因此，考生可以试着将词汇放在日常的情景交际中进行操练，加强对词汇的语境理解，可以达到事半功倍的效果。
4. —Why did you leave the water running in the sink
—Heavens! I guess I ________ to turn it off.
A. forgot B. have forgotten C. will forget D. had forgotten
【4题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你为什么让水一直流到水槽里？——天啊！我猜我忘了关。根据句意可知，此处表示之前忘了关水，故用一般过去时，故选A。
5. Nowadays, basic health care services are ________ to almost all the Chinese people. This accounts for the fact that the average life expectancy of all the Chinese has already risen to 75.
A. accessible B. abundant C. accurate D. attractive
【5题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前，基本医疗卫生服务基本普及。这就是为什么中国人的平均预期寿命已经上升到75岁的原因。 A. accessible可使用的；B. abundant丰富的；C. accurate准确的；D. attractive吸引人的。由“the average life expectancy of the Chinese has already risen to 75”可知，基本医疗卫生服务基本普及，所以中国人的平均预期寿命已经上升到75岁，也就是大部分中国人都可以使用基本医疗卫生服务，因此空格处是“可使用的”，故选C。
6. Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.
A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted
【6题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚的作品现在还流行，它真的已经经受了时间的考验。A.fail失败，不能;B. stand站，忍受，承受;C. take带走，花费;D conduct组织，安排实施，执行。根据“Shakespeare's writing is still popular today.”可知，它真的已经经受了时间的考验。故选B。
7. ________ the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year.
A. In spite of B. In case of C. In terms of D. In praise of
【7题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：就就业人数而言，去年酒店业是这个国家第二大行业。A. In spite of尽管；B. In case of万一；C. In terms of就……而言；D. In praise of歌颂。根据后文语境“the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year”可知，指就就业人数而言，去年酒店业是这个国家的第二大行业。故选C。
8. —Can you help me with the math problem, Dad ________.
—OK, let me think it over.
A. I’m fed up with it B. I’m stuck C. I didn’t get it D. I can’t find it
【8题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——爸爸，你能帮我解决这道数学题吗？我被难住了。——好的，让我考虑一下。A. I’m fed up with it我受够了；B. I’m stuck我被难住了；C. I didn’t get it我不明白；D. I can’t find it我找不到。根据上文“Can you help me with the math problem, Dad ”指被数学题难住了，故选B。
9. Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she ________ it with hard work.
A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with
【9题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Caroline没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。goes back on违背；takes away from从……拿走；makes up for弥补；catches up with赶上。根据常识，用努力是来弥足不足的。故选C。
10. (2014·天津卷)Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ it didn’t fit
A. to find B. found
C. finding D. having found
【10题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她焦急地从包里拿出裙子试穿，结果却发现不合身。only +动词不定式，表示意想不到的结果。found是过去分词，常常表示被动和完成的含义；finding是现在分词，常常表示主动和进行；having found 是-ing的完成式，表示动作发生在先。故选A。
11. Do you remember a certain occasion ________ you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【11题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你还记得有一次你有困难的时候，我曾帮助过你吗？此处为定语从句修饰先行词occasion，先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故选C。
12. Energy, passion and a burning desire are, you see, ________ true learning takes.
A. that B. what
C. how D. which
【12题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：精力，激情和渴望，你是知道的，是真正求知所需。此处是表语从句，连接词在从句中作take的宾语，指代“真正求知所需的东西”。故选B。
13. Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Tianjin.
A. unless B. although C. until D. since
【13题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：马克需要学习汉语因为他的公司要在天津开一个分公司。A. unless除非；B. although尽管；C. until直到；D. since既然，因为。根据题意，前后之间为因果关系，因为要开分公司，所以需要学习汉语。故选D。
14. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. to provide
【14题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在填完这份表格并签了字之后，请用我们提供的信封把它寄回给我们。分析可知，envelope后是定语，而provide和envelope之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故选B。
15. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That’s right. ________.
A. Many hands make light work B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
【15题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情境对话。句意：——聚会之后，如果我们都自愿提供帮助，收拾干净，用不了多长时间。——是的，人多好办事。A. Many hands make light work人多好办事；B. Something is better than nothing有总比没有好；C. The more the merrier人越多越热闹；D. The sooner begun, the sooner done越早开始，越早完成。根据语境可知，本句是说人多力量大，人多好办事。故选A。
2022届天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三年级线上模拟英语试卷（二） （解析版）
1. —It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome
— ________ . There were good things and bad things about them.
A. Couldn’t be better B. Let’s stick to the point
C. That’s something D. It’s really hard to say
【1题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——这是一次美妙的旅行。那么，你更喜欢哪个城市，巴黎还是罗马？——这很难说。它们有好的一面，也有坏的一面。A. Couldn’t be better不能再好了；B. Let’s stick to the point让我们紧扣主题吧；C. That’s something真是了不起；D. It’s really hard to say这很难说。由“There were good things and bad things about them”可知，两个城市都有好的一面，也有坏的一面，因此很难说更喜欢哪个，因此空格处意为“这很难说”，故选D。
2. Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ________ that I had never seen.
A. ones B. one C. those D. the ones
【2题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：张先生给了我许多贵重的礼物，这些礼物都是我从未见过的。作前面复数名 presents的同位语，所以用复数代词。ones泛指，替代前面出现的复数名词。those特指，替代前面出现的同类名词，但不是同一个物体。the ones特指前面出现的复数名词，相当于the +复数可数名词，相当于those。根据句意可知，此处泛指张先生送的一类礼物，所以用代词ones。故选A。
3. As the opening ceremony of the Winter Games 2022 was held successfully, Olympic Mascot Bing Dwen Dwen becomes________ popular.
A. frequently B. increasingly C. individually D. deliberately
【3题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着2022年冬奥会开幕式的成功举办，奥运吉祥物冰墩墩越来越受欢迎。A. frequently频繁地；B. increasingly越来越多地；C. individually分别地；D. deliberately故意地。由“As the opening ceremony of the Winter Games 2022 was held successfully”可知，句子表示“随着2022年冬奥会开幕式的成功举办，奥运吉祥物冰墩墩越来越受欢迎”，空格处意为“越来越多地”，故选B。
4. If you miss this chance, it may be years ________ you get another one.
A. as B. before
C. since D. after
【4题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要等几年的时间才会再有一次。It be + 时间段 + before …表示“要……多么才会……”，故选B项。
5. When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching_______, a specific program to address academic needs.
A. comparison B. accumulation C. intervention D. conservation
【5题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，这是一个针对学业需求的特定项目。A. comparison对比；B. accumulation积累；C. intervention干预；D. conservation保护。由“When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math”可知，句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预”，空格处意为“干预”，故选C。
6. The university estimates that living expenses for international students _________ around $8,450 per year, which _________ a burden for some of them.
A. are; is B. is; are
C. is; is D. are; are
【6题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：高校评估对于国际学生一年的生活花费大约8,450美元，对于一些人来说是有负担的。第一句话的主语是 living expenses为复数，所以谓语动词用复数形式，第二句话主语是主句陈述的内容，所以谓语动词应用单数，故选A。
7. Mary was greatly inspired though she made ________improvements in her English writing.
A. brilliant B. modest C. substantial D. considerable
【7题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽虽然在英语写作上只有一点点进步，但她还是深受鼓舞。A. brilliant极聪明的；B. modest适度的，中等的；C. substantial数目大的，可观的；D. considerable相当多的，相当大的。因为句中有“though尽管”表让步，说明她只有很小的进步。故选B项。
8. Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day, ________ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing.
A. where B. which
C. when D. that
【8题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：贝拉总是很开朗，每天在她办公室里营造友好的工作氛围，她的同事们觉得这样的氛围轻松愉快。句中先行词为atmosphere，在非限定性定语从句中作动词find的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选B。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词atmosphere，再分析先行词atmosphere在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词atmosphere带到从句中作动词find的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。
9. Children shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might ________ the things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate C. innovate D. imitate
【9题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们可能会模仿他们所看到的东西。A. indicate指示；B. investigate调查；C. innovate改革；D. imitate模仿。根据“the things they see”及常识可知，孩子会模仿他们看到的行为。故选D。
10. That Peter has spent too much time on novels recently may________ his poor grade in the exam.
A. answer for B. stand for C. account for D. apply for
【10题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Peter最近在小说上花了太多的时间，这可能是他考试成绩差的原因。A. answer for为……负责；B. stand for代表，象征；C. account for说明……的原因；D. apply for申请。根据“Peter has spent too much time on novels”可知，花太多时间看小说是成绩差的原因。故选C。
11. They studied these issues in detail and reached ________ I thought was appropriate conclusions.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
【11题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他们详细研究了这些问题，得出了我认为合适的结论。A. which哪一个；B. where哪里；C. what什么，所……的；D. that引导宾语从句无意义，只起连接作用。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，应用连接代词what引导。故选C项。
12. Mr. White, who ________ in Shanghai for seven years, is a manager of a company in Beijing.
A. worked B. had worked C. was working D. has worked
【12题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：怀特先生在上海工作了七年，现在是北京一家公司的经理。根据定语从句中时间状语for seven years及空后is a manager of a company in Beijing可知，此处陈述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故选A。
13. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons______ for the day.
A. finishing B. finished
C. had finished D. were finished
【13题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们从语法学校回家，今天的作业写完了。根据句子结构判断，前后句没有连词，此处为独立主格结构，完成和逻辑主语课程是被动关系，功课是被完成，因此用过去分词。故选B。
【点睛】
14. You ________allow a golden opportunity to slip through your fingers or you will regret it later.
A. may not B. wouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
【14题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你千万不能让绝好的机会从指缝间溜走，否则你以后会后悔的。A. may not也许不；B. wouldn’t不会；C. needn’t不必；D. mustn’t一定不要。根据“or you will regret it later.”可知，一定不要将机会溜走，否则会后悔的，应用情态动词mustn’t。故选D。
15. —Do you know anything about Zhang Guimei
—________. She has been honored as a role model in China’s poverty alleviation fight.
A. You got me there B. By all means
C. By no means D. I couldn’t agree more
【15题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你知道张桂梅吗 ——当然。她被誉为中国扶贫斗争的榜样。A. You got me there你把我难倒了；B. By all means当然；C. By no means绝不；D. I couldn’t agree more我完全同意。根据“She has been honored as a role model in China’s poverty alleviation fight.”可知，当然知道张桂梅了。故选B。
天津市第一中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第四次月考英语试卷（解析版）
1. —Ann, our department has just been named the Department of the Year because of the outstanding sales.
—________.
A. Good to know B. I’ll say
C. I hear you on that one D. Can’t argue with that
【1题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——安，我们部门刚刚因为出色的销售业绩被评为年度最佳部门。——知道这个真是太好了。A.Good to know知道这个真是太好了；B.I’ll say非常同意；C.I hear you on that one我明白你的意思；D.Can’t argue with that这点毋庸置疑。由上文的“our department has just been named the Department of the Year because of the outstanding sales”可知，第一个人告诉第二个人一个好消息，第二个人应说“知道这个真是太好了”，故选A。
2. The experience in Paris gave the young musician a unique________ into the influence of music on children, so he founded a school to teach children to play the piano.
A. privilege B. liberty C. insight D. emergency
【2题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在巴黎的经历让这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解，所以他创办了一所学校教孩子们弹钢琴。A. privilege特权；B. liberty自由；C. insight洞察力，见解；D. emergency紧急情况。根据“the influence of music on children”可知，此处表示这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解。故选C。
3. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only ________ beaten.
A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly
【3题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这场篮球赛的最后比分是93-94。我们几乎以微弱的差距败北。A. nearly几乎，差不多; B. slightly轻微地，稍微; C. narrowly勉强地，以毫厘之差; D. lightly轻柔地，轻轻地。根据上文的“93-94”可知，此处是指几乎以毫厘之差败北。故选C。
4. People are fond of the girl’s fashion design________ the style of modern clothes with that of traditional Hanfu.
A. mixing B. to mix C. mixed D. having mixed
【4题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们喜欢这个女孩将现代服装风格与传统汉服风格相结合的时尚设计。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词are fond of，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，design和mix为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故选A。
5. When receiving the letter last night, I didn’t notice what________ on the back of the letter.
A. marked B. has marked C. has been marked D. was marked
【5题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：昨晚收到信的时候，我没有注意到信的背面有什么标识。what和mark为被动关系，需用被动语态，排除A项和B项；结合“didn’t notice”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故选D。
6. The restaurant has changed its service and some of its dishes________ the complaints from the customers.
A. in response to B. in return for C. in respect of D. in exchange for
【6题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了回应顾客投诉，这家餐厅已经改变了服务和一些菜品。A.in response to为了回应；B.in return for作为……的报答；C.in respect of关于，涉及；D.in exchange for以换取。由“The restaurant has changed its service and some of its dishes”可知，句子表示“为了回应顾客的投诉，这家餐厅已经改变了服务和一些菜品”，空格处意为“为了回应”，故选A。
7. Nothing taught by others can have the same effect on you as________ learned by yourself.
A. one B. that C. those D. this
【7题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：别人教给你的任何东西对你的影响都比不上你自己学到的东西。A. one一个人，表示泛指；B. that那个，特指，代替与前面同类的不同物的单数名词或者不可数名词以及代词；C. those那些，特指，代替与前面同类的不同物的复数名词；D. this这个。此处指代nothing，上文nothing的修饰词是“taught by others ”，此处nothing的修饰词是“learned by yourself”，同类不同物。故选B。
8. The power supply in this city has been completely________, causing a factories to stop their production.
A. knocked down B. knocked out C. broken up D. broken away
【8题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个城市的电力供应完全瘫痪了，一家工厂停止了生产。A. knocked down撞到；B. knocked out使瘫痪；C. broken up打碎，破碎；D. broken away脱离。根据“a factories to stop their production”可推知，电力供应全瘫痪了。故选B项。
9. All the issues we were concerned about were settled, but we thought the result was________ ideal.
A. other than B. aside from C. rather than D. far from
【9题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：所有我们关心的问题都解决了，但我们认为结果还很不理想。A. other than除了；B. aside from；C. rather than而不是；D. far from除……之外；D. far from远非，远远不是。根据“All the issues we were concerned about were settled”和“but”可知，此处表示认为结果还是很不理想。故选D。
10. Hello! This is Li Hua. I’m calling to put off the appointment I________ with Dr, Li until next Wednesday.
A. will make B. had made C. have made D. would make
【10题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你好！这是李华。我打电话来是想把我和李医生的约会推迟到下周三。根据语境以及“until next Wednesday”可推断，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，约会已经预订下来，现在要推迟，故使用现在完成时。故选C。
11. Topics of conversations should be ______ to the experiences and interests of the students.
Otherwise, they won’t be interested.
A. sensitive B. allergic C. familiar D. relevant
【11题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：交谈的话题应该是与学生的经历和兴趣相关。否则，他们不会感兴趣。A.sensitive敏感的；B.allergic过敏的；厌恶的；fC.amiliar熟悉的；D.relevant与……有关。根据下文“否则，他们不会感兴趣”可知，话题应该与学生的经历和兴趣有关，故选D。
【点睛】
12. I like sports and prefer those________ players need to work as a team instead of competing against each other.
A. when B. that C. where D. who
【12题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢体育运动，更喜欢那些需要运动员团队合作而不是相互竞争的运动。分析句子可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为those（sports），在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，故选C。
13. I wonder why we________ eat out all the time when we can cook our own meals at home.
A. may B. would C. should D. must
【13题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：既然我们很容易的在家烧饭，为什么偏要外去吃呢？A.may 可能；B.would 将要；C.should 应该；D.must 偏偏，。分析句子可知，既然我们很容易的在家烧饭，为什么偏要外去吃呢，故选D。
14. ________Earth is the only planet known to support life, humans’ adaptability will surely allow us to live on other planets.
A. While B. Since C. Until D. Unless
【14题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然地球是已知的唯一支持生命的行星，但人类的适应性肯定会让我们生活在其他行星上。A. While虽然；B. Since自从，因为；C. Until直到；D. Unless除非。结合句意，此处用while“虽然”引导让步状语从句符合语境。故选A。
15. It’s unclear________ the tiny computer will be released, but it will come onto the market sooner or later.
A. when B. what C. how D. whether
【15题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前还不清楚这种微型电脑何时会上市，但它迟早会进入市场。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，结合“sooner or later.”可知，从句缺少时间状语，需用连接副词when引导。故选A。
天津市南开中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第四次学情调研英语试题（解析版）
1. If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature there will survive ______.
A. at all cost B. for a long while
C. in the long run D. by no means
【1题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词短语。句意：如果人们一直污染海洋的话，从长远来看 ，没有生物能够幸存。A. at all cost不惜以任何代价；B. for a long while很长时间；C. in the long run从长远来看；D. by no means决不。根据句意可知，海洋污染对生物的影响，故选C。
2. Mr. Wilson is a man of patience and kindness, and his good temper never ______ him.
A. fails B. disappoints
C. controls D. worries
【2题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Wilson是一个善良又耐心的人，同时一直脾气都很好。A. fails (品质或能力)有负于;(使)不如愿;不够；B. disappoints使失望；C. controls控制；D. worries担忧。故选A。
3. -- Did Jim come
-- I don’t know. He _______ while I was out.
A. might have come B. might come
C. must have come D. should have come
【3题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词推测用法。句意：Jim来了吗？--我不知道，在我不在的时候，可能来过。根据前文I don’t know.可知，说话者不知道Jim来没来，因此后文推测来过，但是语气很不确定，故可知选A。对过去情况的推测 为情态动词+have done，must have done 一定做了某事，should have done 应该来过，不符合，故选A。
【点睛】情态动词+have+过去分词的用法，表示推测或判断过去的情况。
can/could+have+过去分词用法：①多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑，意为：不可能（已经）......了-（否定句）/可能（已经）......了嘛？-（疑问句）②用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有轻微的责备，意为：本来可以......的（但实际上没有......）。You could have done better, but you were too careless.（肯定句。他能做得更好的）
should/ought to+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有责备的意思，意为：本来应该......的（但实际上没有......）。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备，意为：本来不应该......的（但实际上已经......了）。He should have been asleep.（肯定句，他本应去睡觉的）He shouldn't have been asleep.（否定句，他本来不应该去睡觉的）。
may/might+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句和否定句中，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为：或许（已经）....../或许还没有......。It is too late. He may have gone to bed.
must+have+过去分词用法：表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时，不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.（must 的引入，表达了说话者对过去忘记告诉你的这件事肯定推测）
needn't+have+过去分词
用法：表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔，意为：本来可以不必......的（可实际上却已经......）You needn't have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.
4. -- I prefer a computer made in your company, but I may need some more information about the product.
-- ______.
A. Thank you B. It’s a pleasure
C. You are welcome D. At your service
【4题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：我更喜欢贵公司的电脑，但是我仍需要更多的信息。--，随时为您效劳。B. It’s a pleasure 很荣幸；C. You are welcome不客气；D. At your service随时为您效劳。分享句子可知，该对话发生在客户与服务人员，故选 D。
5. —Would you mind moving over a little I have to pass here.
—________ I’d like to help.
A. Not in the slightest. B. Don’t mention it.
C. Never mind. D. At your service.
【5题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你介意稍微移动一下吗？我要从这里过去。——一点也不介意，我很愿意帮忙。A. Not in the slightest根本不；B. Don’t mention it不客气；C. Never mind没关系；D. At your service愿意为您服务。由“I’d like to help”可知，作者一点也不介意。故A选项正确。
6. This was returned because the person ________ this letter was addressed had died three years ago.
A. to whom B. to which
C. which D. whom
【6题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词+关系代词。句意：这封信被退回来是因为收信人三年前去世了。分析句子可知，the person为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作介词的宾语，而定语从句中涉及be address to sb“给……写信”。所以介词为to。故A选项正确。
【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)。
(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)；
(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。
分析本句可知，the person为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作作介词的宾语。而定语从句中涉及be address to sb “给...写信”。所以介词为to。故A选项正确。
7. Hearing the news, she rushed out, ________ the book ________ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open B. left; lay opened
C. leaving; lie opened D. leaving; lying open
【7题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：听见这个消息，她冲了出去，留在书本打开着放在桌子上，就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系，使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是形容词表示状态，lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。
【点睛】leave的几种用法
leave除了离开之外，还有以下几种用法：
一、作"留下"、"丢下"、"落下",常表示某物落在/忘在某地。
二、 表示"留给"、"交给",一般与介词with或to搭配。
三、 leave作使役动词,表示"使/ 让……保持某种状态"。
① 用形容词作宾语补足语
② 用不定式作宾语补足语
③ 用现在分词作宾语补足语
④ 用过去分词作宾语补足语
⑤ 还可用名词、介词短语等作宾语补足语
四、 leave的过去分词left,常用作后置定语,表示"剩下的"。
五、 leave还可作名词,表示"休假"、"假期"。
分析句子可知，leave作使役动词,表示"使/ 让……保持某种状态"。第一空leaving是一个现在分词做状语的用法，因为leave与he构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是一个形容词表示状态，Lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。
8. ________ some teenagers don’t realize is ________ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
A. That; how B. Which; what a
C. What; what D. What; how
【8题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词。句意：青少年所意识不到的是他们染上毒瘾后生活会变得多么艰难。分析句子可知，第一空是主语从句，从句中realize缺少宾语所以用关系代词what来充当宾语，表示“所……的”；第二空是表语从句，此句是一个感叹句，空后面的词是形容词difficult所以用how修饰。故D选项正确。
【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：
一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.
二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。
how引导的感叹句有三种结构形式；感叹副词how用来修饰其后的形容词或副词，也可以修饰动词。
1．How+形容词+主语+谓语！例如：
2．How+副词+主语+谓语！例如：
3．How+主语+谓语！例如：
what引导的感叹句也有三种结构形式；感叹形容词what作定语，用来修饰它后面的名词或词组。
1．what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！
2．what+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！
3．what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！
分析句子可知，第一空是主语从句，从句中realize缺少宾语所以用关系代词what来充当宾语。第二空是表语从句，此句是一个感叹句，空后面的词是形容词difficult所以用how修饰。故D选项正确。
9. We’d better take umbrellas—I’m sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it’s always wet there at this time of year.
A. will rain B. is raining
C. will be raining D. would rain
【9题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们最好带上雨伞。我肯定当我们到达伦敦时，天气会下雨，每年这个时候那里都是潮湿的。when引导的时间状语从句适用主将从现，故主句用一般将来时，根据“it’s always wet there at this time of year.”可知，此处表将来一段时间内都在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故选C。
10. —What about your self-drive trip yesterday
—Tiring! The road was being widened, and we ________ a rough ride.
A. had B. have
C. would have D. have had
【10题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你昨天的自驾游怎么样？——令人疲惫！道路正在拓宽，我们经历了一段艰难的旅程。根据语境可知，此处叙述的是昨天发生的情况，应用一般过去时。故选A。
11. —When did you get to know your girlfriend
—It was in 2015 ________ she was working as a volunteer in Africa.
A. that B. which
C. when D. then
【11题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：——你什么时候认识你女朋友的？——是在她在非洲做志愿者的2015年。本句为定语从句修饰先行词2015，且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故用关系副词when。故选C。
12. ---Are you satisfied with his school report
---Not at all. It couldn’t have been ______.
A. worse B. so bad
C. better D. the worst
【12题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：--你对他的成绩单满意吗？--一点都不。没有比这更糟的了。根据语境可知，此处是表达最高级，否定词+比较级可以表达最高级。故选A。
13. Is it he or you ________ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually
A. who is B. that is
C. who are D. whom are
【13题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句和主谓一致。句意：是你还是他负责这个工作都应该准时完成这个工作？这是强调句的一般疑问句，因为是强调的是人，连接词用that和who都可以，由or连接两个以上主语时，动词和最接近的主语一致，由此可以排除A和B；whom引导定语从句时在从句中作宾语，所以排除D。故C选项正确。
14. China’s soft power grows ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A. in line with B. in reply to
C. in return for D. in honour of
【14题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：中国的软实力增长与全球对中国与日俱增的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with按照；与……一致；B. in reply to答复；C. in return for作为……的报答；D. in honour of为纪念，为庆祝。故选A。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。考生平时在学习中多积累之外还需要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多辨析意思相近的介词短语，重点关注它们用法上的区别。
15. The fellow we spoke ________ no comment at first.
A. to make B. to made
C. made D. to making
【15题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：和我们说话的那个人一开始没有发表评论。we spoke作the fellow的定语从句，speak不及物，表示和某人谈话应用speak to sb.故该定语从句补充完整为we spoke to，剩余部分为主句，根据spoke可知，主句叙述的是过去的事情，故谓语动词应用made。综上，该空应填to made。B选项正确。
16. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
【16题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。A. resembling像；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顾；D. restoring恢复。故选B符合语境。
17. It took _______building supplies to construct these energy saving houses. It took brains, too.
A. other than B. more than
C. rather than D. less than
【17题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：去建造这些节能房屋不仅仅需要建筑材料，而且需要大脑。A. other than 除了……之外；B. more than多于，不仅仅；C. rather than 而不是；D. less than少于。根据It took brains, too.可知，建造这些节能房屋不只是需要建筑材料。故选B。
18. The art show was ______ being a failure; it was a great success.
A. far from B. along with
C. next to D. regardless of
【18题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：这次艺术展不是失败，而是成功的。A. far from远非，完全不；B. along with与……一起；C. next to几乎，差不多；D. regardless of不管，不顾。根据“it was a great success”可知，这次艺术展不是失败。故选A项。
19. —I hope you enjoyed the film last night.
—How on earth do you know I went to a film I ______ you
A. won’t tell B. didn’t tell C. haven’t told D. don’t tell
【19题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：—我希望你喜欢昨晚的电影。—你怎么知道我去看电影了？我没告诉你。根据语境，此处回答暗指“last night”（昨天晚上）没有告诉你，动词时态用一般过去时。故选B项。
20. — Shall we go for a drink downstairs
— . Will two o’clock be OK
A. Sorry, Ｉ’m not available now B. Sure, no problem
C. Sorry, I can’t make it today D. Sure, it’s up to you
【20题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景对话。句意：---我们去楼下喝一杯好吗？-对不起，现在没空。两点可以吗？ Sorry, I’m not available now. 抱歉，现在没空；Sure, no problem当然，没问题；Sorry, I can’t make it today对不起，今天不行；D. Sure, it’s up to you当然，由你决定。根据“两点钟可以吗”可知，现在没空，故选A。
21. ---What are you going to do with the flaw in the vase
---I can either send a new one to you by express mail or _____ compensate you at a reasonable price.
A. artificially B. accordingly C. alternatively D. consistently
【21题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：---你打算怎么处理花瓶上的瑕疵？---我可以用特快专递寄一个新的花瓶给你，也可以以合理的价格赔偿你。A. artificially 人 工 地；B. accordingly 因 此，相应地 ；C. alternatively 或 者，要不然；D. consistently 一 贯 地。alternatively“或者，要不然”符合句意。故选C项。
22. I ________ to help you with your homework but I couldn’t spare any time, I ________ a composition last night and I’ll finish it today.
A. wanted; was writing B. wanted; wrote
C. have wanted; wrote D. had wanted; was writing
【22题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查过去完成时和过去进行时。句意：我本来想帮你做作业的，但我抽不出任何时间，我昨晚在写作文，今天我要把它写完。根据“but I couldn't spare any time”可知，此处是指过去未实现的愿望或打算，应用had wanted表示“本来想”。根据“I’ll finish it today”可知，此处是指昨晚在写作文，所以应用过去进行时。故选D。
23. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. it’s
C. whose D. whom
【23题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。先行词the World Food Programme在非限制性定语从句作定语，修饰名词purpose，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选C项。
24. 【2018·江苏】Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.
A. assignment B. association
C. acquisition D. assumption
【24题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。A. assignment分配；B. association协会，社团；C. acquisition获得物；D. assumption假设。故选D。
点睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键词actually happening（实际发生）和instead of（而不是）可推知，与actually happening相反是“假设”，从而选出正确答案。
25. The beautiful girl chose to teach in a village school, though she ______ in a big city for an easier life.
A. could stay B. could have stayed
C. must have stayed D. must stay
【25题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词的完成式。句意：这个漂亮的女孩选择在一所乡村学校教书，尽管她本可以留在大城市过更轻松的生活。情态动词的完成式：could have done“本来能做而没有完成”。故选B。
26. ______ we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
A. Before B. Until C. Unless D. Once
【26题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一旦我们做了决定，在大多数情况下，就没有回头路了。A. Before在……之前；B. Until直到；C. Unless除非；D. Once一旦。引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”应用once。故选D。
27. _____ the ups and downs in my life, I eventually realized what life was all about.
A. Experienced B. Having experienced
C. To experience D. Experiencing
【27题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经历过了生活中的起起落落，我终于意识到了生活的全部意义。非谓语动词experience与主句的主语 I 之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式；是“经历过了，才意识到”，experience动作发生在主句动作realize之前，用完成式，故用现在分词完成式。故选B项。
【点睛】现在分词的完成式
现在分词完成式的基本结构由“having+过去分词”构成 ，常用作状语。
现在分词的完成式的用法
1. 表示非谓语动作先于谓语的动作：即当现在分词所表示的动作先于谓语动作发生时，现在分词就用完成式。
Having written down our names and addresses, the policeman let us go. 那警察把我们的姓名和地址记下之后就让我们走了。（非谓语动作having written down… 发生在先，主句动作let us go在后）
2. 现在分词的一般式和完成式的区别：
现在分词的一般式和完成式均可表示主动的动作，但是现在分词完成式所表示的动作先于主句谓语动作， 现在分词的一般式表示的动作与主句的动作同时发生或紧接着发生。
Having bought our tickets, we went into the theatre. 我们买好票后就进了剧院。
（非谓语动作having bought … 发生在先，主句动作went into…在后）
He lived in the empty house, feeling lonely. 他住在空荡荡的房子里， 感到很孤独。
(现在分词一般式feeling lonely 与主句动作lived in…同时发生，现在分词作伴随状语)
Approaching the city center, we saw a statue 8 meters in height. 接近市中心的时候， 我们看到了一个8米高的雕像。(现在分词一般式approaching the city center 作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句 when we approached the city center,) 与主句动作 saw a statue同时发生)
Having failed twice, he didn’t want to try again. 他已经失败了两次，不想再试了。
（现在分词完成式having failed twice表示原因，相当于原因状语从句As he had failed twice）。
28. —We got here Tuesday afternoon.
—________ Why didn’t you call us earlier
A. Good luck! B. You did
C. It’s no surprise. D. You are welcome
【28题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我们星期二下午到的。——真的假的？你为什么不早点给我们打电话？A.Good luck!祝你好运！ B.You did 真的假的？C.It’s no surprise.这没什么奇怪的；D.You are welcome不客气。根据“Why didn’t you call us earlier ”可知，此处表示对前者的话很惊讶。故选B。
29. It is not always easy for the public to see ________ use a new invention can be of to human life.
A. whose B. what C. which D. that
【29题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：对于公众来说看到一项新发明对人类有什么用途并不总是很容易的。what在宾语从句中作定语，意为“什么样的”，A. whose谁的；C. which哪一个；D. that引导名词性从句，没有意义，不作成分，其它三项不合题意。故选B。
30. ____to the students at home, the textbooks enabled them to study more efficiently.
A. Distributing B. Having distributed
C. Being distributed D. Distributed
【30题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：课本被分发给家里的学生，使他们能更有效地学习。分析句子结构可知distribute在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语textbooks构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故排除A/B选项；C选项Being distributed表示“正在被……”，句子没有体现动作正在进行，与前后语境不符。故选D。