2022-2023学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册期末专项练习之阅读理解(word版附答案解析）
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| 名称 | 2022-2023学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册期末专项练习之阅读理解(word版附答案解析） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 26.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-01-05 19:34:51 | ||
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高一英语期末专项练习之阅读理解（1）
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事
One Moore Elementary School teacher is showing students the importance of communication through “shoutouts”．
The thirdgrade teacher Lindsey Winders said a shoutout is a compliment (称赞) that students can say or write down.“Like, ‘Hey, I noticed you doing a really great job solving your maths problems yesterday.I wanted to make sure you know that I saw you do that,’” Winders said.
Winders said she makes sure she is giving shoutouts to her students every day.“I might write them a sticky note, or write them a quick little note in their planner.I might just say it to them on their way into the classroom or on their way out of the classroom. But most importantly, I try to do it every day，” Winders said.
In addition to the compliments, Winders has the students greet each other every morning during the morning meeting.She will have students give examples to the class of how to communicate in different settings (场景). A thirdgrade student Nayelli Moranchel said she had given at least six shoutouts this year.“It makes me happy, because they always write something back,” Moranchel said.
Recently, Winders took it one step further and wrote a personalised note on each of her students’ desks.“In our classroom, sometimes it can be challenging for me to give a compliment or a shoutout to each and every one of them in a way that is equal and valuable at the same time.So I think that there is no better way than leaving a note on their desks that can stay for as long as they want it to,” Winders said.
Winders said it is encouraging when she sees her students copy the act and give each other compliments without her guidance.
1．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Giving a shoutout. B．Solving maths problems well.
C．Teaching important lessons. D．Writing down the names of students.
2．How does Winders show her students the importance of compliments
A．By helping them take notes. B．By making practical plans for them.
C．By serving as a daily example herself. D．By greeting them during the morning meeting.
3．What is the best way that Winders finds to give her students compliments
A．Leaving a note on each student's desk. B．Praising them as long as they want it.
C．Explaining the value of compliments. D．Giving them shoutouts at the same time.
4．What can we infer about Winders' way of praising students
A．It is very successful. B．It is facing challenges.
C．It needs proper guidance. D．It is copied by other teachers.
B
体裁：说明文 题材：学校生活
You may not know a lot of people when you start high school.Even if you know some freshmen, you still feel nervous that you don’t know any upperclassmen or teachers.How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces
Most high schools hold freshman orientation before school actually starts, which is helpful not only because you can know your way around the building, but also because you get to meet some of your teachers and fellow freshmen.That way, when you show up on your first day of school, you may already recognise a few familiar faces.When you talk to your new classmates, you'll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are.They’re all new to the school and don’t know what to expect.Talking about a common worry with them can help you develop friendships.
The work in high school is something that freshmen are possibly worried about.The work in high school builds on what you learnt in middle school, giving you a more advanced knowledge of many subjects.So you may find you have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging.If you ever find your work too difficult, teachers can give you extra help.
High school also has more extracurricular activities than middle school does such as clubs, music and theatre groups and sports teams.This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.
High school gives you the chance to learn how to manage your time, to develop your social skills and interests, and more importantly to be more independent and responsible.
1．How do the freshmen usually feel when they start high school
A．Proud. B．Anxious.
C．Excited. D．Curious.
2．What does the underlined word “orientation” mean in Paragraph 2
A．A game. B．Discussion.
C．Training. D．An examination.
3．What are freshmen probably worried about according to Paragraph 3
A．The learning tasks.
B．The ability to make friends.
C．The friendship with teachers.
D．The freshman orientation.
4．Extracurricular activities mainly help students ________.
A．build up their strength
B．develop their interests
C．develop friendships
D．improve their learning ability
C
体裁：记叙文 题材：家庭生活
Recently our family celebrated my grandmother’s 90th birthday.Family members travelled to our hometown to visit her.This was the first time in many years that I had seen many of them.My aunt said how much she missed everyone.Though this was an opportunity to see family, many people did not make it.To be honest, I was usually the one who didn’t go there. Living far from home, I had missed many family gatherings.But this one made me realise how much I was really missing.
Looking at the faces and realising who they are while greeting them with open arms is strange.After chatting for a while, we caught up on each other’s news.Several relatives suggested having a family reunion soon if everyone wasn’t so busy.The people of my grandmother’s generation were much busier, yet still found time to gather.They understood the importance of visiting one another.They knew time is flying and that those you care about most won't be here forever.
Today, we focus on our careers and raising our own kids.Our extended family isn’t the centre it once was.Besides, we keep in touch on social media.But what we really miss are the potato salad, the moments of laughter and sudden bursts of excitement when we hug someone we haven’t seen for over 10 years.Although the next gettogether is always a year or so away, people aren’t goods and everyone has an expiry date (到期日)．
I left my grandmother’s party with a much better sense of who I am and where I come from. I spent valuable time with people who contributed to who I am today.I had forgotten how much I love them and I was reminded how much I am loved.
1．How did the author feel about missing previous family gatherings
A．Indifferent. B．Sad.
C．Regretful. D．Annoyed.
2．What do we know about the author's grandmother's generation
A．They were carefree. B．They held family dear.
C．They took time seriously. D．They seldom visited family.
3．What does the author mean by the last sentence in Paragraph 3
A．Family reunions mean no fun.
B．All goods don’t have an expiry date.
C．People are always too busy to get together.
D．We should see loved ones more before it's too late.
4．Why does the author write the text
A．To convince readers to meet friends. B．To share an interesting family reunion.
C．To stress the value of family gatherings. D．To compare different generations' values.
D
体裁：说明文 题材：阅读方法
Would a faster reading speed mean that we could learn more Some people claim that it’s possible. In July 2015, the sixtime World Speed Reading Champion Anne Jones sat down to read Harper Lee’s Go Set a Watchman. Just 25 minutes and 31 seconds later, she finished it—which equals a reading rate of around 3,700 words per minute. Jones runs training courses teaching speed reading, recall and concentration techniques and there are numerous speed reading apps that have appeared on the market over the past few years. But do they actually work
First, we need to understand how we read.The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability. Read over a sentence again, and think about how your eyes scan across the words. They don’t move smoothly over them. Instead, they make a series of short, sharp jumps, skipping over a few characters before briefly landing on a word.The movements are known as saccades (扫视) and the pauses are called fixations.
Reading isn’t just about seeing the words—you need to comprehend them to build up a picture about what the text means. People are able to get through a piece of text faster, but at the cost of accuracy and understanding.In other words, if you use a speed reading app, then you'll probably get the gist (主旨) of a piece of text, but you'll struggle to recall details about what you’ve just read.
So, does speed reading work Well, yes and no. It really depends on what you’re reading and why you
need to read it. As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff.
1．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Speed reading is bad at times.
B．Speed reading is a waste of time.
C．Speed reading can work sometimes.
D．Speed reading is always enjoyable.
2．What can we know from the passage
A．Reading apps ensure we read much faster.
B．Fast reading makes us learn more knowledge.
C．Reading is no more than seeing the text.
D．The reading ability is related to the eye movement system.
3．What does the underlined word “tradeoff” most probably mean in the last paragraph
A．Balance. B．Change.
C．Business. D．Bargain.
4．What might the writer continue to talk about
A．The advantages of faster or slower reading.
B．The reasons why to do faster or slower reading.
C．The cases where to do faster and slower reading.
D．The methods for making use of faster or slower reading.
E
体裁：记叙文 题材：语言学习
Having moved to a new city, I was looking for things to do in my spare time.I intended to meet new people, for I am a social person.Hearing that the Business Confucius Institute (BCI) was offering Chinese evening classes on the university campus, I was determined to sign up for Level 1 class.
This initial (最初的) decision was made on a whim. I had no grand career goals or plans to travel to China in the near future.Learning a new language was the fact that it was not something I had done before.My mother is from Spain and I was raised with two languages, but there is a huge difference between acquiring a language in childhood and learning one in adulthood.I expected to find out how I would get along with Chinese.
In each class our Chinese teacher would teach us what seemed like thousands of new words and expressions, and then get us to act them out in roleplays reproducing basic Chinese introductions and conversations.After each lesson I felt as though my brain had been placed in a deep oil pot for a long time.But then, I began to realise that the more my brain ached right after class, the more information I had taken in.I found that the Chinese words and expressions our classes had covered would rush unexpectedly into my head at any moment, such as when I was in the shower or driving to work.I have now completed the Business Confucius Level 3 class and am able to hold basic conversations with Chinese people on a variety of topics.
This experience helps me a lot.Recently I landed a new job in the School of Law at the University of Leeds, providing job opportunities for Chinese students.Learning Chinese helps me in my career and further fuels my motivation for continuing my studies.
1．What was the writer's purpose of signing up for the Chinese class
A．To make new friends.
B．To show off his ability.
C．To adapt to the city life
D．To get working experience.
2．What does the underlined word “whim” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Deep love. B．Careful thought.
C．Sudden wish. D．Strange dream.
3．What can be known about the writer from Paragraph 3
A．He was an expert in spelling words.
B．He enjoyed the Chinese classes a lot.
C．He was troubled by those Chinese words.
D．He made great progress in learning Chinese.
4．What does the writer think of the experience of learning Chinese in the end
A．Unusual. B．Beneficial.
C．Funny. D．Stressful.
F
体裁：说明文 题材：语言文化
Foreign visitors to the UK might be disappointed when they learn that not everyone there speaks like Harry Potter and his friends.Usually, there's an assumption by many nonBrits that everyone in Britain speaks with an accent known as Received Pronunciation (RP，标准发音), also called the “Queen's English”．However, while many people do talk this way, most Britons speak with their own regional accents.
Scouse, Glaswegian and Black Country dialect—from Liverpool, Glasgow and the West Midlands—are just three of the countless nonRP accents that British people speak with.There are even differences in accents between towns or cities just 30 kilometres apart.What is even more disappointing is that not speaking with the RP accent may mean a British person is judged and even treated differently in their everyday life.
In a 2015 study by the University of South Wales, videos of a group of people reading a passage with three different UK accents were shown to a second group of people.The second group then rated how intelligent they thought the readers sounded.The lowestrated accent was Brummie, spoken by people in Birmingham, a city whose accent is considered workingclass.
However, there is no need to be disappointed though you are not speaking with the RP accent.In fact, doing the opposite may even give you strengths.
Kong Seongjae is an Internet celebrity from Seoul.After studying in the UK, he picked up several regional accents.He's now famous for his online videos, where he shows off the various accents he's learnt.“British people usually get really excited when I use some of their local dialect words, and they become much friendlier.I think it makes a bond between local people and foreigners to speak with their local accent,” he said.So if you're working on perfecting your British accent, try to speak like someone from Liverpool, Glasgow or Birmingham.You may not sound like Harry Potter, but you are likely to make more friends.
1．What can we know from Paragraph 1
A．NonBrits usually hold that all Britons speak with an accent called RP.
B．Only the “Queen's English” is accepted in the UK.
C．Foreign visitors are disappointed at their own spoken English.
D．All Britons speak with regional accents.
2．What do people think of the Brummie accent
A．It is favoured by foreign visitors to the UK.
B．It is the closest to RP.
C．It sounds smart and is easy to understand.
D．It is spoken by working class people.
3．What does the underlined phrase “doing the opposite” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Speaking with the RP accent.
B．Speaking with regional accents.
C．Speaking with Brummie accent.
D．Speaking like Harry Potter.
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．A study of the most intelligent accent in Britain.
B．A comparison between different British accents.
C．How much British people value the RP accent.
D．There are many regional accents in the UK besides RP.
G
体裁：记叙文 题材：人际关系
I live in New York City, and my neighbours are people I don't know.My city, neighbourhood and block are filled with people who don't know me, don't care to know me, and don't talk to me.I find that it's pretty hard to love people you don't even know.And sometimes, we all, myself included, use that as an excuse not to try.I read Brendan's story recently and was moved.
One day, Brendan, a young man in New York, was on the way back to his Brooklyn apartment when a homeless woman called Jackie asked him for money.He said that he had no money.By the end of the week, she asked two more times, and each time he answered “No”．The woman looked sad, so Brendan said, “I am on my way to a job interview.If I get the job, I will take you out for Chinese food.”
Brendan got the job.He took Jackie out for lunch.That was when their friendship began.They built a strong friendship by supporting each other and spending their birthdays, holidays and difficult times together, over a period of eight years.When Brendan's heater broke, Jackie made a blanket for him.Two days later when he told her that he had lost his job, she left and returned minutes later, bringing him food to eat.She continued to do that during the whole winter.Even with so little, she often gave back.
Over these years, Jackie has moved from the streets and subway stations into a halfway house, and is now moving into an apartment.To celebrate it, Brendan wanted to do something special for Jackie.He went with her to a big department store, and helped her to pick out everything she would need for her new apartment.
May Brendan's story encourages us to find a new way to honour, serve and love the people around us.
1．What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 1
A．He often stays indoors. B．He cares about his neighbours.
C．He is good at making friends. D．He hardly talks to his neighbours.
2．What did Brendan do when Jackie asked him for money
A．He was angry with her. B．He didn't give her any.
C．He offered her some food. D．He gave her some spare change.
3．What happened after Brendan and Jackie had lunch together
A．They developed a new friendship. B．They helped each other find work.
C．They fell in love with each other. D．They discovered they were classmates.
4．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Jackie's finding work. B．Jackie's moving from the streets.
C．Jackie's moving into an apartment. D．Jackie's moving into a halfway house.
H
体裁：说明文 题材：科学研究
We recognise our friends' faces. And we're not alone. Many social animals can identify individuals of their own species by features of their faces. That's important, because they need to be able to change their behaviour depending on who they meet. And recent research has shown that some species of monkeys, birds, and domesticated (驯养的) animals can even tell different faces apart by looking at photographs alone.
Ethologist Léa Lansade of the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment did an experiment to find out how well horses can recognise individuals from photographs.
She and her team first taught the horses how to “choose” between two sidebyside pictures by touching their noses to a computer screen. The horses were then shown photos of their present keeper alongside faces of unfamiliar humans. They had never seen photos of any of the people before. The horses correctly identified their current keeper and ignored (忽视) the strangers' faces about 75% of the time. In fact, even though the horses didn't get it right every single time, they were at least as correct in picking out their earlier keeper as they were in identifying their present one.
The results suggest that not only can horses differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, they also naturally understand that photographs are twodimensional representations (二维呈现) of real life, without any other intimations such as smell or sound. And they're even better at this than our oldest animal partner, the domestic dog.
In addition, horses seem to have a strong longterm memory for human faces, like their long lifespan and history of domestication. In future experiments, the researchers would like to test whether looking at photos of people that they have had bad experiences with in the past might cause horses to act anxiously. So maybe think twice before doing anything that might give a horse a long face.
1．Why did researchers show the horses both the keeper's photos and the strangers'
A．To find out what horses would do in the experiment.
B．To see why horses could recognise the keeper in the pictures.
C．To test whether horses could recognise the strangers in the pictures.
D．To study to what degree horses can make out different people in pictures.
2．What does the underlined word “intimations” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Clues. B．Differences.
C．Photographs. D．Senses.
3．What are researchers still uncertain about
A．Whether horses can live longer than other animals.
B．Whether horses can remember humans' faces for a long time.
C．Whether horses can show their emotions at the sight of photos.
D．Whether horses are better at recognising photos than other animals.
4．What is the purpose of the text
A．To talk about animals' species.
B．To explain animals' facial features.
C．To show animals' behaviour for adaptation.
D．To introduce animals' ability to identify faces.
答案与解析
一、【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一名三年级老师用自己的日常言行引导学生通过称赞他人来互相鼓励、共同进步的故事。
1．B 词义猜测题。画线词所在句子表示“我想确保你知道我看到你做了那件事”，that指代上文学生所做的事，即doing a really great job solving your maths problems yesterday，所以that 指代数学题做得很好。故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第一段One Moore Elementary School teacher is showing students the importance of communication through “shoutouts”．及第三段内容可知，老师通过自己的日常行为为孩子们树立榜样，告诉学生称赞的重要性。故选C项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的Recently, Winders took it one step further and wrote a personalised note on each of her students' desks.和So I think that there is no better way than leaving a note on their desks that can stay for as long as they want it to可知，温德斯在每名学生的书桌上都留了一张为该学生特制的便条，她认为这个方法最好。故选A项。
4．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的it is encouraging when she sees her students copy the act and give each other compliments without her guidance可知，学生也效仿温德斯的行为，称赞他人，这让她觉得备受鼓舞，由此可知，
这位老师称赞学生的这一方法很成功。
二、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从新生如何结交朋友、高中学业和课外活动等方面向新生介绍了高中生活。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Even if you know some freshmen, you still feel nervous that you don’t know any upperclassmen or teachers.可知，初入高中的同学即使认识一些新生，也还是会感到焦虑，因为对学校高年级的同学、老师都不熟悉。故选B项。
2．C 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词后的which is helpful not only because you can know your way around the building, but also because you get to meet some of your teachers and fellow freshmen可知，freshman orientation可以帮助你了解校园，认识老师和同学，类似于新
生培训大会。故orientation指的是培训。故选C项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，高中的学业是新生们很可能会担心的一方面。故选A项。
4．B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.可知，高中的课外活动是让你探索自己的兴趣爱好和尝试新事物的好机会。故选B项。
三、【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在参加了自己祖母的生日聚会后，对家庭聚会的意义有了更好的理解，也通过自身经历告诉人们要重视家庭聚会。
1．C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句Living far from home, I had missed many family gatherings.But this one made me realise how much I was really missing.可知，作者远离家乡，过去错过了许多家庭聚会，而现在作者才意识到自己究竟错过了多少东西。由此可推知，作者对错过家庭聚会感到遗憾。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句可知，作者祖母这一代人即使很忙，也会找时间和家人聚在一起，他们知道看望家人的重要性。由此可知，作者祖母这一代人极为珍视家人。故选B项。
3．D 推理判断题。第三段最后一句Although the next gettogether is always a year or so away, people aren't goods and everyone has an expiry date.表明，聚会每年都有，但每个人的生命都有尽头，所以作者是想告诉我们应该趁早多看望自己爱的人。D项(我们应该趁早多看望自己爱的人)符合题意。
4．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者在参加了自己祖母的生日聚会后，对家庭聚会的意义有了更好的理解，希望人们能重视家庭聚会，所以文章意在强调家庭聚会的重要性。故选C项。
四、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了快速阅读的作用及其局限性。
1．C 主旨大意题。第一段最后一句But do they actually work？对快速阅读是否有用提出疑问，接着第二段介绍了阅读能力与人眼运动系统有关，再结合第四段中的So, does speed reading work Well, yes and no. It really depends on what you're reading and why you need to read it.可知，本文的主旨是：速读在有些时候是有效的。故选C项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability.可知，人眼运动系统对我们的阅读能力很重要，因此阅读能力与人眼运动系统有关。故选D项。
3．A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段破折号前面的内容As yet, there isn't a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately可知，到目前为止，还没有一个技巧能让你快速而准确地阅读一段文字，破折号后的内容为进一步说明，即阅读总是要在快速和准确之间建立平衡，由此猜测出画线词意为“平衡”，故选A项。
4．C 推理判断题。最后一段最后的部分there’s always going to be a tradeoff说明了阅读总是要在快速和准确之间建立平衡，由此可推知，文章接下来可能阐述在什么情况下要速读以及在什么情况下要慢读，故选C项。
五、【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习中文的经历、感受和收获。
1．A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的I intended to meet new people, for I am a social person.可知，作者报名参加中文课是为了结识朋友。故选A项。
2．C 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后两句和第二段中的I had no grand career goals or plans to travel to China in the near future.Learning a new language was the fact that it was not something I had done before.可知，最初作者学中文的决定是一时的念头，只是为了结交新朋友。由此可知，画线词意为“突然的想法”，与C项意思相近。故选C项。
3．D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的I have now completed the Business Confucius Level 3 class and am able to hold basic conversations with Chinese people on a variety of topics.可知，作者在中文学习上取得了很大的进步。故选D项。
4．B 推理判断题。 根据文章最后一段中This experience helps me a lot.以及Learning Chinese helps me in my career and further fuels my motivation for continuing my studies.可知，作者认为他学中文的经历是很有益处的。故选B项。
六、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国不同地方口音的一些情况以及对人们生活的影响。
1．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Usually, there's an assumption by many nonBrits that everyone in Britain speaks with an accent known as Received Pronunciation, also called the “Queen's English”．However, while many people do talk this way, most Britons speak with their own regional accents.可知，许多非英国人认为所有的英国人都说的是标准发音的英语，但实际情况不是那样。故选A项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The lowestrated accent was Brummie, spoken by people in Birmingham, a city whose accent is considered workingclass.可知，评价最低的是伯明翰口音，这种口音被认为是工人阶级的口音。故选D项。
3．B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的However, there is no need to be disappointed though you are not speaking with the RP accent.可知，尽管你说话的口音不是标准发音，也没有必要感到失望。事实上，做相反的事可以给你优势。doing the opposite在此处指的是不说标准发音的英语而说地方口音。故选B项。
4．D 主旨大意题。第一段通过人们的刻板印象引出英国除了有标准发音外还有许多地方口音，第二段介绍了众多的地方口音，第三段介绍了对地方口音的调查，最后三段介绍了地方口音对生活的影响。故选D项。
七、【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了布伦丹帮助了无家可归的陌生人杰姬，最后他们成为好朋友并互相帮助的故事。通过这个故事，作者告诉人们：要尊重、帮助和爱我们周围的人。
1．D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的people I don't know和people who don't know me, don't care to know me, and don't talk to me可知，作者与邻居几乎不说话。故选D项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的By the end of the week, she asked two more times, and each time he answered “No”．可知，当杰姬向布伦丹要钱时，他没给她。故选B项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的He took Jackie out for lunch.That was when their friendship began.可知，当他们一起吃完饭后，他们建立了新的友谊。故选A项。
4．C 词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句中的Jackie has moved from the streets and subway stations into a halfway house, and is now moving into an apartment可知，画线词it指的是杰姬搬进新公寓这件事。故选C项。
八、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以马的面孔识别能力实验为例，主要探究了动物能否像人类一样“识别”人脸。
1．D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The horses correctly identified their current keeper and ignored the strangers' faces about 75% of the time.可知，科学家通过这种方式来研究马能否识别其现在的饲养员的脸。由此可推测，研究人员给马看饲养员和陌生人的照片是为了研究马能在多大程度上分辨出照片中不同的人。故选D项。
2．A 词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句The results suggest that not only can horses differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, they also naturally understand that photographs are twodimensional representations of real life, without any other intimations such as smell or sound.可知，马不仅能区分熟悉的人脸和不熟悉的人脸，还能很自然地理解照片是真实生命的二维呈现，并没有通过气味或声音等方面来进行区分。结合选项可猜测，intimation指在气味、声音等方面的“暗示；提示”。clue意为“提示，线索”，与intimation意思相近。故选A项。
3．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句In future experiments, the researchers would like to test whether looking at photos of people that they have had bad experiences with in the past might cause horses to act anxiously.可知，研究者想要检验当马看到它们在过去与之有过不好经历的人的照片时，它们是否会表现得很焦虑。由此可推知，研究者还不确定马看到照片时是否能表达情绪。故选C项。
4．D 推理判断题。第一段最后一句为主题句，句意为：并且最近的研究表明，猴子、鸟类和驯养动物中的一些种类甚至可以通过只看照片来区分不同的面孔。再结合下文内容介绍马的面孔识别能力实验可知，本文的目的主要是
介绍动物识别面孔的能力。故选D项。
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事
One Moore Elementary School teacher is showing students the importance of communication through “shoutouts”．
The thirdgrade teacher Lindsey Winders said a shoutout is a compliment (称赞) that students can say or write down.“Like, ‘Hey, I noticed you doing a really great job solving your maths problems yesterday.I wanted to make sure you know that I saw you do that,’” Winders said.
Winders said she makes sure she is giving shoutouts to her students every day.“I might write them a sticky note, or write them a quick little note in their planner.I might just say it to them on their way into the classroom or on their way out of the classroom. But most importantly, I try to do it every day，” Winders said.
In addition to the compliments, Winders has the students greet each other every morning during the morning meeting.She will have students give examples to the class of how to communicate in different settings (场景). A thirdgrade student Nayelli Moranchel said she had given at least six shoutouts this year.“It makes me happy, because they always write something back,” Moranchel said.
Recently, Winders took it one step further and wrote a personalised note on each of her students’ desks.“In our classroom, sometimes it can be challenging for me to give a compliment or a shoutout to each and every one of them in a way that is equal and valuable at the same time.So I think that there is no better way than leaving a note on their desks that can stay for as long as they want it to,” Winders said.
Winders said it is encouraging when she sees her students copy the act and give each other compliments without her guidance.
1．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Giving a shoutout. B．Solving maths problems well.
C．Teaching important lessons. D．Writing down the names of students.
2．How does Winders show her students the importance of compliments
A．By helping them take notes. B．By making practical plans for them.
C．By serving as a daily example herself. D．By greeting them during the morning meeting.
3．What is the best way that Winders finds to give her students compliments
A．Leaving a note on each student's desk. B．Praising them as long as they want it.
C．Explaining the value of compliments. D．Giving them shoutouts at the same time.
4．What can we infer about Winders' way of praising students
A．It is very successful. B．It is facing challenges.
C．It needs proper guidance. D．It is copied by other teachers.
B
体裁：说明文 题材：学校生活
You may not know a lot of people when you start high school.Even if you know some freshmen, you still feel nervous that you don’t know any upperclassmen or teachers.How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces
Most high schools hold freshman orientation before school actually starts, which is helpful not only because you can know your way around the building, but also because you get to meet some of your teachers and fellow freshmen.That way, when you show up on your first day of school, you may already recognise a few familiar faces.When you talk to your new classmates, you'll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are.They’re all new to the school and don’t know what to expect.Talking about a common worry with them can help you develop friendships.
The work in high school is something that freshmen are possibly worried about.The work in high school builds on what you learnt in middle school, giving you a more advanced knowledge of many subjects.So you may find you have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging.If you ever find your work too difficult, teachers can give you extra help.
High school also has more extracurricular activities than middle school does such as clubs, music and theatre groups and sports teams.This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.
High school gives you the chance to learn how to manage your time, to develop your social skills and interests, and more importantly to be more independent and responsible.
1．How do the freshmen usually feel when they start high school
A．Proud. B．Anxious.
C．Excited. D．Curious.
2．What does the underlined word “orientation” mean in Paragraph 2
A．A game. B．Discussion.
C．Training. D．An examination.
3．What are freshmen probably worried about according to Paragraph 3
A．The learning tasks.
B．The ability to make friends.
C．The friendship with teachers.
D．The freshman orientation.
4．Extracurricular activities mainly help students ________.
A．build up their strength
B．develop their interests
C．develop friendships
D．improve their learning ability
C
体裁：记叙文 题材：家庭生活
Recently our family celebrated my grandmother’s 90th birthday.Family members travelled to our hometown to visit her.This was the first time in many years that I had seen many of them.My aunt said how much she missed everyone.Though this was an opportunity to see family, many people did not make it.To be honest, I was usually the one who didn’t go there. Living far from home, I had missed many family gatherings.But this one made me realise how much I was really missing.
Looking at the faces and realising who they are while greeting them with open arms is strange.After chatting for a while, we caught up on each other’s news.Several relatives suggested having a family reunion soon if everyone wasn’t so busy.The people of my grandmother’s generation were much busier, yet still found time to gather.They understood the importance of visiting one another.They knew time is flying and that those you care about most won't be here forever.
Today, we focus on our careers and raising our own kids.Our extended family isn’t the centre it once was.Besides, we keep in touch on social media.But what we really miss are the potato salad, the moments of laughter and sudden bursts of excitement when we hug someone we haven’t seen for over 10 years.Although the next gettogether is always a year or so away, people aren’t goods and everyone has an expiry date (到期日)．
I left my grandmother’s party with a much better sense of who I am and where I come from. I spent valuable time with people who contributed to who I am today.I had forgotten how much I love them and I was reminded how much I am loved.
1．How did the author feel about missing previous family gatherings
A．Indifferent. B．Sad.
C．Regretful. D．Annoyed.
2．What do we know about the author's grandmother's generation
A．They were carefree. B．They held family dear.
C．They took time seriously. D．They seldom visited family.
3．What does the author mean by the last sentence in Paragraph 3
A．Family reunions mean no fun.
B．All goods don’t have an expiry date.
C．People are always too busy to get together.
D．We should see loved ones more before it's too late.
4．Why does the author write the text
A．To convince readers to meet friends. B．To share an interesting family reunion.
C．To stress the value of family gatherings. D．To compare different generations' values.
D
体裁：说明文 题材：阅读方法
Would a faster reading speed mean that we could learn more Some people claim that it’s possible. In July 2015, the sixtime World Speed Reading Champion Anne Jones sat down to read Harper Lee’s Go Set a Watchman. Just 25 minutes and 31 seconds later, she finished it—which equals a reading rate of around 3,700 words per minute. Jones runs training courses teaching speed reading, recall and concentration techniques and there are numerous speed reading apps that have appeared on the market over the past few years. But do they actually work
First, we need to understand how we read.The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability. Read over a sentence again, and think about how your eyes scan across the words. They don’t move smoothly over them. Instead, they make a series of short, sharp jumps, skipping over a few characters before briefly landing on a word.The movements are known as saccades (扫视) and the pauses are called fixations.
Reading isn’t just about seeing the words—you need to comprehend them to build up a picture about what the text means. People are able to get through a piece of text faster, but at the cost of accuracy and understanding.In other words, if you use a speed reading app, then you'll probably get the gist (主旨) of a piece of text, but you'll struggle to recall details about what you’ve just read.
So, does speed reading work Well, yes and no. It really depends on what you’re reading and why you
need to read it. As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff.
1．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Speed reading is bad at times.
B．Speed reading is a waste of time.
C．Speed reading can work sometimes.
D．Speed reading is always enjoyable.
2．What can we know from the passage
A．Reading apps ensure we read much faster.
B．Fast reading makes us learn more knowledge.
C．Reading is no more than seeing the text.
D．The reading ability is related to the eye movement system.
3．What does the underlined word “tradeoff” most probably mean in the last paragraph
A．Balance. B．Change.
C．Business. D．Bargain.
4．What might the writer continue to talk about
A．The advantages of faster or slower reading.
B．The reasons why to do faster or slower reading.
C．The cases where to do faster and slower reading.
D．The methods for making use of faster or slower reading.
E
体裁：记叙文 题材：语言学习
Having moved to a new city, I was looking for things to do in my spare time.I intended to meet new people, for I am a social person.Hearing that the Business Confucius Institute (BCI) was offering Chinese evening classes on the university campus, I was determined to sign up for Level 1 class.
This initial (最初的) decision was made on a whim. I had no grand career goals or plans to travel to China in the near future.Learning a new language was the fact that it was not something I had done before.My mother is from Spain and I was raised with two languages, but there is a huge difference between acquiring a language in childhood and learning one in adulthood.I expected to find out how I would get along with Chinese.
In each class our Chinese teacher would teach us what seemed like thousands of new words and expressions, and then get us to act them out in roleplays reproducing basic Chinese introductions and conversations.After each lesson I felt as though my brain had been placed in a deep oil pot for a long time.But then, I began to realise that the more my brain ached right after class, the more information I had taken in.I found that the Chinese words and expressions our classes had covered would rush unexpectedly into my head at any moment, such as when I was in the shower or driving to work.I have now completed the Business Confucius Level 3 class and am able to hold basic conversations with Chinese people on a variety of topics.
This experience helps me a lot.Recently I landed a new job in the School of Law at the University of Leeds, providing job opportunities for Chinese students.Learning Chinese helps me in my career and further fuels my motivation for continuing my studies.
1．What was the writer's purpose of signing up for the Chinese class
A．To make new friends.
B．To show off his ability.
C．To adapt to the city life
D．To get working experience.
2．What does the underlined word “whim” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Deep love. B．Careful thought.
C．Sudden wish. D．Strange dream.
3．What can be known about the writer from Paragraph 3
A．He was an expert in spelling words.
B．He enjoyed the Chinese classes a lot.
C．He was troubled by those Chinese words.
D．He made great progress in learning Chinese.
4．What does the writer think of the experience of learning Chinese in the end
A．Unusual. B．Beneficial.
C．Funny. D．Stressful.
F
体裁：说明文 题材：语言文化
Foreign visitors to the UK might be disappointed when they learn that not everyone there speaks like Harry Potter and his friends.Usually, there's an assumption by many nonBrits that everyone in Britain speaks with an accent known as Received Pronunciation (RP，标准发音), also called the “Queen's English”．However, while many people do talk this way, most Britons speak with their own regional accents.
Scouse, Glaswegian and Black Country dialect—from Liverpool, Glasgow and the West Midlands—are just three of the countless nonRP accents that British people speak with.There are even differences in accents between towns or cities just 30 kilometres apart.What is even more disappointing is that not speaking with the RP accent may mean a British person is judged and even treated differently in their everyday life.
In a 2015 study by the University of South Wales, videos of a group of people reading a passage with three different UK accents were shown to a second group of people.The second group then rated how intelligent they thought the readers sounded.The lowestrated accent was Brummie, spoken by people in Birmingham, a city whose accent is considered workingclass.
However, there is no need to be disappointed though you are not speaking with the RP accent.In fact, doing the opposite may even give you strengths.
Kong Seongjae is an Internet celebrity from Seoul.After studying in the UK, he picked up several regional accents.He's now famous for his online videos, where he shows off the various accents he's learnt.“British people usually get really excited when I use some of their local dialect words, and they become much friendlier.I think it makes a bond between local people and foreigners to speak with their local accent,” he said.So if you're working on perfecting your British accent, try to speak like someone from Liverpool, Glasgow or Birmingham.You may not sound like Harry Potter, but you are likely to make more friends.
1．What can we know from Paragraph 1
A．NonBrits usually hold that all Britons speak with an accent called RP.
B．Only the “Queen's English” is accepted in the UK.
C．Foreign visitors are disappointed at their own spoken English.
D．All Britons speak with regional accents.
2．What do people think of the Brummie accent
A．It is favoured by foreign visitors to the UK.
B．It is the closest to RP.
C．It sounds smart and is easy to understand.
D．It is spoken by working class people.
3．What does the underlined phrase “doing the opposite” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Speaking with the RP accent.
B．Speaking with regional accents.
C．Speaking with Brummie accent.
D．Speaking like Harry Potter.
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．A study of the most intelligent accent in Britain.
B．A comparison between different British accents.
C．How much British people value the RP accent.
D．There are many regional accents in the UK besides RP.
G
体裁：记叙文 题材：人际关系
I live in New York City, and my neighbours are people I don't know.My city, neighbourhood and block are filled with people who don't know me, don't care to know me, and don't talk to me.I find that it's pretty hard to love people you don't even know.And sometimes, we all, myself included, use that as an excuse not to try.I read Brendan's story recently and was moved.
One day, Brendan, a young man in New York, was on the way back to his Brooklyn apartment when a homeless woman called Jackie asked him for money.He said that he had no money.By the end of the week, she asked two more times, and each time he answered “No”．The woman looked sad, so Brendan said, “I am on my way to a job interview.If I get the job, I will take you out for Chinese food.”
Brendan got the job.He took Jackie out for lunch.That was when their friendship began.They built a strong friendship by supporting each other and spending their birthdays, holidays and difficult times together, over a period of eight years.When Brendan's heater broke, Jackie made a blanket for him.Two days later when he told her that he had lost his job, she left and returned minutes later, bringing him food to eat.She continued to do that during the whole winter.Even with so little, she often gave back.
Over these years, Jackie has moved from the streets and subway stations into a halfway house, and is now moving into an apartment.To celebrate it, Brendan wanted to do something special for Jackie.He went with her to a big department store, and helped her to pick out everything she would need for her new apartment.
May Brendan's story encourages us to find a new way to honour, serve and love the people around us.
1．What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 1
A．He often stays indoors. B．He cares about his neighbours.
C．He is good at making friends. D．He hardly talks to his neighbours.
2．What did Brendan do when Jackie asked him for money
A．He was angry with her. B．He didn't give her any.
C．He offered her some food. D．He gave her some spare change.
3．What happened after Brendan and Jackie had lunch together
A．They developed a new friendship. B．They helped each other find work.
C．They fell in love with each other. D．They discovered they were classmates.
4．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Jackie's finding work. B．Jackie's moving from the streets.
C．Jackie's moving into an apartment. D．Jackie's moving into a halfway house.
H
体裁：说明文 题材：科学研究
We recognise our friends' faces. And we're not alone. Many social animals can identify individuals of their own species by features of their faces. That's important, because they need to be able to change their behaviour depending on who they meet. And recent research has shown that some species of monkeys, birds, and domesticated (驯养的) animals can even tell different faces apart by looking at photographs alone.
Ethologist Léa Lansade of the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment did an experiment to find out how well horses can recognise individuals from photographs.
She and her team first taught the horses how to “choose” between two sidebyside pictures by touching their noses to a computer screen. The horses were then shown photos of their present keeper alongside faces of unfamiliar humans. They had never seen photos of any of the people before. The horses correctly identified their current keeper and ignored (忽视) the strangers' faces about 75% of the time. In fact, even though the horses didn't get it right every single time, they were at least as correct in picking out their earlier keeper as they were in identifying their present one.
The results suggest that not only can horses differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, they also naturally understand that photographs are twodimensional representations (二维呈现) of real life, without any other intimations such as smell or sound. And they're even better at this than our oldest animal partner, the domestic dog.
In addition, horses seem to have a strong longterm memory for human faces, like their long lifespan and history of domestication. In future experiments, the researchers would like to test whether looking at photos of people that they have had bad experiences with in the past might cause horses to act anxiously. So maybe think twice before doing anything that might give a horse a long face.
1．Why did researchers show the horses both the keeper's photos and the strangers'
A．To find out what horses would do in the experiment.
B．To see why horses could recognise the keeper in the pictures.
C．To test whether horses could recognise the strangers in the pictures.
D．To study to what degree horses can make out different people in pictures.
2．What does the underlined word “intimations” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Clues. B．Differences.
C．Photographs. D．Senses.
3．What are researchers still uncertain about
A．Whether horses can live longer than other animals.
B．Whether horses can remember humans' faces for a long time.
C．Whether horses can show their emotions at the sight of photos.
D．Whether horses are better at recognising photos than other animals.
4．What is the purpose of the text
A．To talk about animals' species.
B．To explain animals' facial features.
C．To show animals' behaviour for adaptation.
D．To introduce animals' ability to identify faces.
答案与解析
一、【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一名三年级老师用自己的日常言行引导学生通过称赞他人来互相鼓励、共同进步的故事。
1．B 词义猜测题。画线词所在句子表示“我想确保你知道我看到你做了那件事”，that指代上文学生所做的事，即doing a really great job solving your maths problems yesterday，所以that 指代数学题做得很好。故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第一段One Moore Elementary School teacher is showing students the importance of communication through “shoutouts”．及第三段内容可知，老师通过自己的日常行为为孩子们树立榜样，告诉学生称赞的重要性。故选C项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的Recently, Winders took it one step further and wrote a personalised note on each of her students' desks.和So I think that there is no better way than leaving a note on their desks that can stay for as long as they want it to可知，温德斯在每名学生的书桌上都留了一张为该学生特制的便条，她认为这个方法最好。故选A项。
4．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的it is encouraging when she sees her students copy the act and give each other compliments without her guidance可知，学生也效仿温德斯的行为，称赞他人，这让她觉得备受鼓舞，由此可知，
这位老师称赞学生的这一方法很成功。
二、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从新生如何结交朋友、高中学业和课外活动等方面向新生介绍了高中生活。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Even if you know some freshmen, you still feel nervous that you don’t know any upperclassmen or teachers.可知，初入高中的同学即使认识一些新生，也还是会感到焦虑，因为对学校高年级的同学、老师都不熟悉。故选B项。
2．C 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词后的which is helpful not only because you can know your way around the building, but also because you get to meet some of your teachers and fellow freshmen可知，freshman orientation可以帮助你了解校园，认识老师和同学，类似于新
生培训大会。故orientation指的是培训。故选C项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，高中的学业是新生们很可能会担心的一方面。故选A项。
4．B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.可知，高中的课外活动是让你探索自己的兴趣爱好和尝试新事物的好机会。故选B项。
三、【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在参加了自己祖母的生日聚会后，对家庭聚会的意义有了更好的理解，也通过自身经历告诉人们要重视家庭聚会。
1．C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句Living far from home, I had missed many family gatherings.But this one made me realise how much I was really missing.可知，作者远离家乡，过去错过了许多家庭聚会，而现在作者才意识到自己究竟错过了多少东西。由此可推知，作者对错过家庭聚会感到遗憾。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句可知，作者祖母这一代人即使很忙，也会找时间和家人聚在一起，他们知道看望家人的重要性。由此可知，作者祖母这一代人极为珍视家人。故选B项。
3．D 推理判断题。第三段最后一句Although the next gettogether is always a year or so away, people aren't goods and everyone has an expiry date.表明，聚会每年都有，但每个人的生命都有尽头，所以作者是想告诉我们应该趁早多看望自己爱的人。D项(我们应该趁早多看望自己爱的人)符合题意。
4．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者在参加了自己祖母的生日聚会后，对家庭聚会的意义有了更好的理解，希望人们能重视家庭聚会，所以文章意在强调家庭聚会的重要性。故选C项。
四、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了快速阅读的作用及其局限性。
1．C 主旨大意题。第一段最后一句But do they actually work？对快速阅读是否有用提出疑问，接着第二段介绍了阅读能力与人眼运动系统有关，再结合第四段中的So, does speed reading work Well, yes and no. It really depends on what you're reading and why you need to read it.可知，本文的主旨是：速读在有些时候是有效的。故选C项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability.可知，人眼运动系统对我们的阅读能力很重要，因此阅读能力与人眼运动系统有关。故选D项。
3．A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段破折号前面的内容As yet, there isn't a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately可知，到目前为止，还没有一个技巧能让你快速而准确地阅读一段文字，破折号后的内容为进一步说明，即阅读总是要在快速和准确之间建立平衡，由此猜测出画线词意为“平衡”，故选A项。
4．C 推理判断题。最后一段最后的部分there’s always going to be a tradeoff说明了阅读总是要在快速和准确之间建立平衡，由此可推知，文章接下来可能阐述在什么情况下要速读以及在什么情况下要慢读，故选C项。
五、【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习中文的经历、感受和收获。
1．A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的I intended to meet new people, for I am a social person.可知，作者报名参加中文课是为了结识朋友。故选A项。
2．C 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后两句和第二段中的I had no grand career goals or plans to travel to China in the near future.Learning a new language was the fact that it was not something I had done before.可知，最初作者学中文的决定是一时的念头，只是为了结交新朋友。由此可知，画线词意为“突然的想法”，与C项意思相近。故选C项。
3．D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的I have now completed the Business Confucius Level 3 class and am able to hold basic conversations with Chinese people on a variety of topics.可知，作者在中文学习上取得了很大的进步。故选D项。
4．B 推理判断题。 根据文章最后一段中This experience helps me a lot.以及Learning Chinese helps me in my career and further fuels my motivation for continuing my studies.可知，作者认为他学中文的经历是很有益处的。故选B项。
六、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国不同地方口音的一些情况以及对人们生活的影响。
1．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Usually, there's an assumption by many nonBrits that everyone in Britain speaks with an accent known as Received Pronunciation, also called the “Queen's English”．However, while many people do talk this way, most Britons speak with their own regional accents.可知，许多非英国人认为所有的英国人都说的是标准发音的英语，但实际情况不是那样。故选A项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The lowestrated accent was Brummie, spoken by people in Birmingham, a city whose accent is considered workingclass.可知，评价最低的是伯明翰口音，这种口音被认为是工人阶级的口音。故选D项。
3．B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的However, there is no need to be disappointed though you are not speaking with the RP accent.可知，尽管你说话的口音不是标准发音，也没有必要感到失望。事实上，做相反的事可以给你优势。doing the opposite在此处指的是不说标准发音的英语而说地方口音。故选B项。
4．D 主旨大意题。第一段通过人们的刻板印象引出英国除了有标准发音外还有许多地方口音，第二段介绍了众多的地方口音，第三段介绍了对地方口音的调查，最后三段介绍了地方口音对生活的影响。故选D项。
七、【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了布伦丹帮助了无家可归的陌生人杰姬，最后他们成为好朋友并互相帮助的故事。通过这个故事，作者告诉人们：要尊重、帮助和爱我们周围的人。
1．D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的people I don't know和people who don't know me, don't care to know me, and don't talk to me可知，作者与邻居几乎不说话。故选D项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的By the end of the week, she asked two more times, and each time he answered “No”．可知，当杰姬向布伦丹要钱时，他没给她。故选B项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的He took Jackie out for lunch.That was when their friendship began.可知，当他们一起吃完饭后，他们建立了新的友谊。故选A项。
4．C 词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句中的Jackie has moved from the streets and subway stations into a halfway house, and is now moving into an apartment可知，画线词it指的是杰姬搬进新公寓这件事。故选C项。
八、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以马的面孔识别能力实验为例，主要探究了动物能否像人类一样“识别”人脸。
1．D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The horses correctly identified their current keeper and ignored the strangers' faces about 75% of the time.可知，科学家通过这种方式来研究马能否识别其现在的饲养员的脸。由此可推测，研究人员给马看饲养员和陌生人的照片是为了研究马能在多大程度上分辨出照片中不同的人。故选D项。
2．A 词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句The results suggest that not only can horses differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, they also naturally understand that photographs are twodimensional representations of real life, without any other intimations such as smell or sound.可知，马不仅能区分熟悉的人脸和不熟悉的人脸，还能很自然地理解照片是真实生命的二维呈现，并没有通过气味或声音等方面来进行区分。结合选项可猜测，intimation指在气味、声音等方面的“暗示；提示”。clue意为“提示，线索”，与intimation意思相近。故选A项。
3．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句In future experiments, the researchers would like to test whether looking at photos of people that they have had bad experiences with in the past might cause horses to act anxiously.可知，研究者想要检验当马看到它们在过去与之有过不好经历的人的照片时，它们是否会表现得很焦虑。由此可推知，研究者还不确定马看到照片时是否能表达情绪。故选C项。
4．D 推理判断题。第一段最后一句为主题句，句意为：并且最近的研究表明，猴子、鸟类和驯养动物中的一些种类甚至可以通过只看照片来区分不同的面孔。再结合下文内容介绍马的面孔识别能力实验可知，本文的目的主要是
介绍动物识别面孔的能力。故选D项。