2022届山西省部分地区高三英语3月模拟试题分类汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

2022届山西省部分地区高三英语3月模拟试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022届山西省高考适应性练习（一模）英语试题（解析版）
第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Saint Paul has four ice rink (溜冰场) locations. All hockey (冰球) rinks have boards and nets. See below for locations, hours, and updates.
Cold Weather Policy: Rinks will close if temperatures reach—25F.
Warm Weather Policy: In order to prevent extended closures due to damaged ice, rinks will close if melt water is visible on the surface.
Rink Hours & Locations:
Rink hours and conditions are subject to change without notice. Rinks will close periodically for maintenance. Appointed hockey rinks may be unavailable for open skating doring hockey practices or scheduled open hockey times. Please call the numbers listed below to confirm details
Rink Name Status Lighted Hours Contact
Groveland Closed Lights turn off at 7 pm daily 651-695-3714
Langford Park Closed Lights turn off at 9 pm daily 651-298-5765
Palace Open Lights turn off at 5 pm daily 651-298-5677
Phalen Open Mon-Fri: Lights turn off at 9pm Sat & Sun: Lights turn off at 7pm 651-793-6600
Our maintenance crew and dedicated volunteers work hard to keep the rinks clean, but Saint Paul snow piles up fast and freezes easily, which can quickly reduce the skateable surface area of the rink. Even if you feel you can’t commit to volunteering, you are still desired to help by clearing snow while visiting the rinks. Thank you for doing your part to make Saint Paul rinks great.
1. What situation can cause rinks to close
A. No water is found on the surface. B. The temperatures are below 25F.
C. Rinks undergo maintenance checks. D. The boards and nets are almost broken.
2. Which rink will you go to if you are available at 8 pm on Tuesdays
A. Phalen. B. Palace. C. Groveland. D. Langford Park.
3. What is the purpose of the last part of the text
A. To advertise Saint Paul’s ice rinks. B. To present Saint Paul’s snow piles.
C. To stimulate visitors to remove snow. D. To praise rinks’ crew and volunteers.
B
He came to Britain,16, with a handful of qualifications. ￡5 in pocket and a burning ambition. Thirty-five years later, Vijay, 51, and his brother. Bhikhu. own a drug company which does $234 million worth of business each year. Together they are worth ￡280 million and now they have been jointly named “Entrepreneur of the Year”.
It is an inspirational tale. Yet despite their wealth and this award, Vijay remains modest about their success. He praises his mother: “She is an incredible lady. She taught us hard work, honesty and we have based our lives on those qualities.”
In 1967,Vijay kissed his mother goodbye to London to make his fortune. “I had little more than my qualifications and $5,” says Vijay. “But to go with those, I had a huge ambition to make something of myself,” he recalls. Typically, Vijay looks on the bright side. “When you start from zero, things can’t get any worse. You have only one way to go. and that’s up - if there is a hunger in your stomach for success.” Vijny says. “My brother and I were determined to better ourselves and Britain was the land of opportunity.”
By 1982, he had owned six chemist’s shops, when Bhikhu, a then financial analyst, joined him, adding some “financial discipline” to his company. Vijay says: “I simply couldn’t have done it without him.” As he puts it, “Brought up under one roof, we understand one another from A to Z.”
Vijay is keen to continue repaying the country he has made his own. “We hope we are mode citizens and would like to remain so,” he says. “We are lucky enough to live in a country that never stands in our way.” His message for young people is to do the same: “Identify your aim, and do not let anything discourage you from achieving that goal.”
4. What did Vijay possess when starting his business
A. 280 million in cash. B. A small drug company.
C. The title “Entrepreneur of the Year”. D. Nothing but qualifications and ambition.
5. What is the recipe for Vijay’s success
A. His brother’s financial aid. B. His identity of model citizen.
C. The perseverance in his goal. D. Encouraging quotes from mom.
6. Which can probably replace the underlined sentence in paragraph 4
A. We share something in common. B. We know each other inside out.
C. We count on each other in career. D. We two together create fire and water.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. From Penniless to Millionaire B. The Significance of Education
C. The Power of Deep Brotherhood D. A Modest Successful Businessman
C
A set of tusks (象牙) is usually an advantage for elephants, allowing them to dig for water, peel bark for food and defend themselves. But during episodes of intense ivory poaching, those big tusks may invite danger. Now researchers have figured out how years of civil war and poaching in Mozambique have led to a greater number of elephants that will never develop tusks.
During the conflict from 1977 to 1992, fighters on both sides killed elephants for ivory to finance war efforts. In the region, around 90% of the elephants were killed. The survivors were likely to share a key characteristic: half the females were naturally tuskless - they simply never developed tusks - while before the war, less than a fifth lacked tusks.
After the war, those tuskless surviving females passed on their genes with expected,as well as surprising, results. About half their daughters were tuskless. More confusing, two-thirds of their offspring (后代) were female. “The years of unrest changed the evolution in that population,” said evolutionary biologist Shane Staton.
Most people think of evolution as something that proceeds slowly, but humans can hit the accelerator. “When we think about natural selection,we think about it happening over hundreds, or thousands of years,” said Samuel Wasser, a conservation biologist at the University of Washington. “The fact that this dramatic selection for tusklessness happened over 15 years is one of the most astonishing findings.”
Now the scientists are studying what more tuskless elephants means for the species and its environment. “If an elephant doesn’t have the tool to peel bark from trees, then what chain reaction will happen ”
8. What have researchers found out according to paragraph 1
A. The function of tusks. B. The influence of civil war.
C. The fight against ivory poaching. D. Reasons for naturally tuskless elephants.
9. What do paragraph 2 and 3 tell us about the elephants
A. Their pricey tusks. B. Their evolution process.
C. Their endangered conditions. D. Their sufferings during the war.
10. What surprised Samuel about the findings
A. The rapid speed of evolution. B. Elephants’ gender imbalance.
C. Elephants’ population reduction. D. The diversity of natural selection.
11. Which might be one of the results of the chain reaction
A. Elephants will die out soon. B. Elephants will shift their diet.
C. Elephants will suffer from starvation. D. Elephants will be replaced by other species.
D
It’s a connected world, and nearly every device, appliance, and machine with some sort of computer running inside it can be connected to others through the Internet of Things (IoT). What a great leap forward in this journey we call human civilization! But does this recent advancement come with a dark secret that can someday turn on us Are smart devices spies around us
Many smart appliances today, particularly smartphones and virtual assistants are equipped with voice command capabilities. They can, therefore, listen to and record your comments and conversations even after they’ve carried out your original command. Concerns about devices turning on voice command by themselves and listening even when you do not enable the feature have also been raised. The question then is: What actually happens when your smart device is listening How much information gets recorded, and where does this eventually end up in
Take a listening app called “Alphonso” as an example. You can’t download it directly from the App Store, but it comes with some games and apps that you can fix. While you are playing games on your smartphone, Alphonso comes to life and listens to what you are watching on TV. It then records this information and sends it to some server somewhere, and the data is analyzed to build a profile about your TV-viewing habits. Alphonso proves that devices can listen to what you say and do.
Alphonso proves that devices can listen to what you say and do. Now, what’s to stop devices from gathering other data They can be made to look at chat and text messages or your calendar, for example, everything about you would be fair game. Some popular smart home platforms can control the platforms to fall silent but still remain active, capturing every word you speak that can potentially land you in some sort of phishing (网络欺诈) trouble. This seems to be the price we have to pay for the convenience that technology gives us. Privacy seems non-existent. So we should thus take steps to protect ourselves from this eventuality.
12. What can we infer about IoT mentioned in paragraph 1
A. People rely too much on IoT. B. IoT spies are exactly among us.
C. IoT can be a double-edged sword. D. IoT merely comes with a dark secret.
13. What is the potential risk associated with smart devices
A. Voice command capabilities B. Personal data and identity theft.
C. Original command recognition. D. Location-based tracking function.
14. Why does the author take “Alphonso” as an example
A. To present how smart devices send ads. B. To introduce the advantage of voice commands.
C. To show the usage of downloading listening app. D. To explain how hidden app steal people’s privacy.
15. Where dose the article go next
A. Ways to prevent information leakage. B. Reasons for the loss of personal data.
C. Tricks of obtaining sensitive information. D. Methods of interactions with technologies.
2022届山西省高三高考第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）
第一节(共15小题;小题2分满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Have you got the skills required for one of our exciting matchday roles at Manchester United Manchester United is currently recruiting(招募)individuals to join our Matchday Operations team for the football season to enhance the matchday experience for the 76,000 fans and guests we entertain at Old Trafford for every home game.
There are approximately 35 matches during the season, which kicks off in August, and successful candidates for our matchday roles will be expected to be available for our key home games held throughout the season.
If you believe you have the skills required to deliver our outstanding matchday experience and have what it takes to join one of the world's biggest football clubs, please see our current vacancies listed below and complete an application form.
Please note:You should only submit one application as all opportunities will be discussed at the interview. The exact copies of application will be disregarded and you will be out.
Previous applicants need not apply. If you have previously been unsuccessful at an inter view for a Catering Matchday role, we are not in a position to review another application for a minimum of six months.
Current Vacancies:
Role Location Salary
Culinary Team Manchester Not disclosed
Matchday Hospitality Manchester Not disclosed
Matchday Steward Manchester Not disclosed
Thank you for your application! For any question, please email the recruitment team at recruitment@manutd.co.uk.
1. Where will the job be performed
A. At a cinema. B. At a stadium. C. In a hospital. D. In the street.
2. Which one is the most important for the candidates
A. Their love for football. B. Their educational level.
C. Their past experience D. Their application's uniqueness.
3 How can the candidates ask for more information
A. By phone. B. By letter. C. By email. D. By text message.
B
In the depths of space orbits is an intergalactic space station. Living here are some of the smartest scientists and their families. After traveling billions of miles, two scientists, Clyde and Klara Klosno, and their kids Kelvin and Bula, are the newest members of the space station. This is a story told in the new book, ScrFi Junior High, written by Scott Seegert and illustrated by John Martin.
Seegert, a former engineer, was inspired to give writing a try at age 45 after rending a book written by a famous writer. After working on that book for three years, Seegert's hard work paid off when it was published in 2007. After that success, he decided to focus on writing books for kids.
Martin always loved to write and draw. As a kid, he spent evenings and weekends watching cartoons and drawing superheroes, Martin says he was “avoiding homework”, without realizing that he was really working towards his future career. Martin went on to study art at a college and became a successful illustrator.
Seegert and Martin grew up during the same time and had similar interests. As kids, both read comic books, watched superhero shows and enjoyed alien movies.
Their first cooperative work was the book Vordak the Incomprehensible. The two went on to write more books together and have received many awards for their work. For Sci-Fi Junior High, they started with a very general idea, and then focused on the characters to tell the story.
Seegert and Martin work really well together. They even work in the same art studio in Farmington, Michigan. They work in separate rooms but have an in-between door so they can consult each other in person. “Many times nowadays, you might see an author and . illustrator working together, but they have never even met,” Seegert said. “We work diffeently from most children's book authors and illustrators.”
4. Why does the author mention Sci-Fi Junior High in paragraph 1
A. To attract readers to read the book. B. To honor Clyde and Klara Klosmo.
C. To lead in the major characters of the text. D. To show the achievement of researching space.
5. How did Martin make use of his spare time as a kid
A. He developed his interest. B. He planned for his future work.
C. He wrote books and drew pictures. D. He studied art to be an outstanding illustrator.
6. What can we know about Seegert and Martin
A. They had some similarities. B. They grew up in the same arca.
C. They were honored for the space station. D. They have worked together for 30 years.
7. What may be the best title for the text
A. Two Writers Working Differently B. Two Partners Marching Together
C. John Martin,a Famous illustrato D. Sci-Fi Junior High,a Wonderful Book
C
Researchers from London’s Queen Mary University studied how participants were affected by pollution based on where they live. In the journal Circulation on Friday, the scientists revealed that air pollution can harm the heart to the point where it resembles (类似) the early stages of heart failure.
According to Emory Healthcare, deaths have decreased around 12 percent per decade on average over the past 50 years, but 287,000 people die frorn heart failure each year. There are more hospitalizations from heart failure each year than all cancers combined.
In this study, the scientists examined information from 4,000 participants that were in the UK Biobank study. Volunteers had blood tests, health scans and heart MRIs, which measured the function, size and weight of their hearts. They also recorded their lifestyle, health record and where they’ve lived.
The team found participants had larger right and left ventricles (心室) in the heart when they lived closer to busy roads and were exposed to nitrogen dioxide(NOz), which enters the air when fuel is burned. The right and left ventricles are crucial for pumping blood. They were healthy but resembled the ventricles in early-stage heart failure. The scientists found that the higher the exposure to the pollutants, the greater the changes in the heart.
“Air pollution should be seen as a modifiable risk factor,” Dr. Nay Aung, who led the data analysis of the study, said in a statemnent from Queen Mary University. “The public all need to be aware of their exposure when they think about their heart health, just like they think about their blood pressure and their weight.”
Professor Jeremy Pearson, Associate Medical Director at the British Heart Foundation said in the statement from Queen Mary University, “We can’t expect people to move home to avoid air pollution, so government and public bodies must act right now to make all areas safe and protect the population from these harm.”
8. What is the finding of the study
A. Air pollution causes many people to die.
B. People have big problems of heart health.
C. People’s houses have a great effect on the heart.
D. Air pollution makes our hearts at risk of heart failure.
9. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about heart failure
A. It can be cured easily. B. It remains a serious threat.
C. It’s the most common illness. D. It causes people to suffer cancers.
10. What did the team find on the participants exposed to air pollution
A. They had many health problems. B. Their ventricles worked better.
C. Their hearts were out of danger. D. The size of their hearts was bigger.
11. Which of the following is Dr. Nay Aung’s suggestion
A. Moving to safer areas. B. Living far away from crowds.
C. Taking notice of air pollution. D. Taking blood pressure regularly.
D
If you’re trying to build something that won’t sink, making it out of metal seems like a terrible idea. We make boats and ships out of metal because it’s strong and lasts a long time, but it weighs a lot and, if something goes wrong, there’s nothing stopping it from sinking to the bottom.
Researchers from the University of Rochester have come up with a potential solution. It’s a metal that absolutely hates water, strongly repelling (排斥) it and creating pockets of air that allow the metal to float under just about any circumstance. Its inventors believe it could revolutionize ship design and create truly unsinkable boats.
The secret is a special pattern that is etched (蚀刻) into the surface and that traps air and prevents water from making contact, pushing it away. The team says this superhydrophobic (超疏水的) etching technique was inspired by the natural world. The bodies of fire ants a hydrophobic, and spiders that make underwater webs use their bodies to trap air and carry them beneath the surface.
“The essential insight is that superhydrophobic surfaces can trap a large air volume, which points towards the possibility of using the surfaces to create buoyant devices,” the researchers explain in a new research paper.
To demonstrate how the metal behaves, the researchers designed an experiment with two seemingly identical metal discs. One of the disks was normal metal, while the other was the same material with the special etching technique applied. As you know, the superhydrophobic metal disc refused to sink, even when pushed deep beneath the water.
Perhaps even more important for real-world use cases, the metal keeps its water-repelling properties even when damaged, The researchers drilled several holes in the disc, revealing that it still floated on the surface even when its structural integrity was damaged. This proves that metal etched in such a way could be useful in the manufacturing of boats and ships, allowing them to remain afloat even when damaged.
12. What’s the feature of the special metal
A. It repels air. B. It looks like a fire ant. C. It is unsinkable. D. Its surface is elegant.
13. What does the underlined word “buoyant” in paragraph 4 mean
A Floating. B. Creative. C. Splendid. D. Artificial.
14. How did the researchers carry out the experiment
A. By analysing reasons. B. By making comparison.
C. By applying previous data. D. By concluding different views.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The metal has a bright future. B. The experiment is unsuccessful.
C. The metal has been used widely. D. The researchers are famous for the metal.
2022届山西省晋中市高三3月普通高等学校招生模拟考试（一模）英语试题（解析版）
第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you are looking for modern fairy tales, check out some of these stories written to appeal to today’s teenages.
Entwined Based on the fairy tale The Twelve Dancing Princesses, readers will be swept away into this fantasy world of dance, love, mystery and curses (魔咒) created by author Heather Dixon. Readers will enjoy the detailed dance scenes and be pleasantly surprised to learn the double meaning of the word entwine. Recommended for ages 12—16. Beauty This classic retelling of Beauty and the Beast by award-winning author Robin McKinley is a more detailed version of the original story about a girl who is known more for her intelligence than her beauty. Following the traditional tale, Beauty and her sisters must move to the country when their father encounters financial ruin. Her relationship with the Beast is a slow unfolding of friendship that turns to love. Recommended for ages 12—15.
Tiger’s Curse For 300 years the hero has been cursed to live as a Tiger, but when the heroine wishes for his freedom, the curse begins to break. Full of romance and adventure, this sweet retelling of Beauty and the Beast is the first book in the Tiger’s Curse series by Colleen Houck. Recommended for ages 12—18. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Although her mother died when she was a baby, Lady Jessica enjoyed a peaceful and fun childhood until her father decides to remarry a woman who is jealous of Jessica’ s beauty. To escape her evil stepmother, Jessica runs away to London where she meets a band of outcasts (被驱逐者) and changes her name to Snow. Tracy Lynn’s retelling of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is one of several books in the popular Once Upon a Time fairy tale series. Recommended for ages 12—14.
1. Which is the best choice for a 16-year-old girl who loves dancing
A. Entwined. B. Tiger’s Curse.
C. Beauty. D. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.
2. Which author has won an award before
A. Heather Dixon. B. Robin McKinley. C. Colleen Houck. D. Tracy Lynn.
3. What do Tiger’s Curse and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs have in common
A. They are full of romance and adventure.
B. They are recommended for girls of the same age.
C. They are each one in different series of books.
D. Their main characters are cursed.
B
I wandered into an exhibition about Janusz Korczak in Rome, and was overcome by the heroism of this ordinary man. I say ordinary—he was actually quite well-known as children’s author and an educator, but nothing can have prepared him for the decisions he had to take.
Trained as a medical doctor, Korczak became a children’s author and teacher. He ran two orphanages (孤儿院) in Warsaw—one for Jewish children, the other for Catholics. As a liberal and progressive thinker, he set up a children’s “republic” in the Jewish orphanage, with its own parliament, court and newspaper. He suffered deprivation (损失) and danger for the sake of the children in his care, and ultimately chose to die with them, despite being given the opportunity to save himself. After the Germans created the Warsaw Ghetto in 1940, Korczak’s Jewish orphanage was forced to move into it. He went with the children, though he’d been offered shelter elsewhere. He stayed with them until August 1942, when he was sent to Treblinka with some 200 children and staff. They were never heard of again; it’s assumed that they all died in the gas chambers (毒气室).
The moment he led the children to the train to Treblinka, described movingly by eyewitnesses, his face lit up. The composer Wladyslaw Szpilman recalled that Korczak told the orphans to be glad, because they were going to the countryside and would be free of the city where they had suffered a lot. He wanted to spare them the terror of death.
Korczak should be remembered alongside people such as Sir Nicholas Winton, Raoul Wallenberg and Oskar Schindler. They managed to save lives, but Korczak sacrificed his, refusing to abandon his children on their final journey. I could never imagine being put to the same test. But I love children, as he must have done.
4. What did Korczak do for children
A. Give lectures. B. Write liberal articles.
C. Set up a “republic” for children. D. Offer medical care.
5. What can be inferred in Paragraph 2
A. Korczak was once in heavy debt.
B. The Germans created shelters for children.
C. The Warsaw Ghetto was unknown until 1942.
D. Korczak adopted Jewish and Catholic children.
6. How did Korczak spare the kids’ fright
A. By accompanying them to Treblinka.
B. By freeing them from Germany.
C. By being honored as a hero.
D. By sacrificing his life.
7. What kind of person is Korczak
A. Wise and determined. B. Devoted and selfless.
C. Caring and ambitious. D. Productive and passionate.
C
A Swiss company that developed technology to capture (捕获) carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from the air says it has launched the world’s largest plant to do so in Iceland. The company said the plant began operations on Wednesday.
The company partnered with Icelandic carbon storage provider Carbfix on the project. It says the new plant called Orca whose name is based on the Icelandic word for energy, Oirka, is designed to capture up to 3,600 metric tons of CO2 per year. That is the same amount of CO2 produced by about 790 automobiles during a year.
The International Energy Agency, IEA, estimates that this year, the amount of CO2 emissions (排放) worldwide will rise 1.5 billion metric tons to a total of 33 billion metric tons. Direct air capture is one of the few technologies that can remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere. Many scientists see the process as critical to limiting harmful pollutant emissions. Such emissions are caused mainly by human activities. They can trap heat in the atmosphere and create higher temperatures. Many scientists blame this warming for increased heatwaves, wildfires, floods and rising sea levels across the world.
Orca uses eight large containers that look like those used in the shipping industry. A series of high-tech filters (过滤器) and blowers attached to the containers capture CO2. The captured carbon is then mixed with water and deposited deep underground, where it slowly turns into rock. Both technologies are powered by renewable energy from a nearby geothermal (地热) plant.
Direct air capture is still a new and costly technology. But developers hope to bring down the price by increasing operations as more companies and individuals seek the technology. Currently, there are 15 direct air capture plants operating worldwide. The American oil company Occidental is currently developing the largest direct air capture center. It aims to pull 1 million metric tons of carbon dioxide from the air around some of its Texas oilfields.
8. What is Orca
A. A kind of energy. B. A Swiss company.
C. A high-tech factory. D. A developed technology.
9. What do scientists think of direct air capture
A. It can stop global temperature rising.
B. It is crucial to deal with air pollution.
C. It is of great use for disaster prediction.
D. It can limit the amounts of gases in the air.
10. What does the underlined word “deposited” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Stored. B. Discovered. C. Recycled. D. Exposed.
11. What can we infer about direct air capture from the last paragraph
A. It will increase oil production. B. It has shown little practical value.
C. It costs too much to improve it. D. It would have a bright future.
D
Britain is launching the world’s largest ever clinical trial of the Galleri test, which picks up pieces of genetic code from DNA before symptoms such as lumps (肿块) appear. The test is a game-changer for early cancer detection, which can detect more than 50 types of the disease in the very early stages. It has been developed by GRAIL, a healthcare company focusing on early cancer detection.
National Health Service (NHS) chief executive Amanda Pritchard said, “This quick and simple blood test could mark the beginning of a revolution in cancer detection and treatment here and around the world. By finding cancer before signs and symptoms appear, we have the best chance of treating it and we can give people the best chance of survival.
NHS has sent out invites across the country offering the test to 140,000 people aged 50 to 77 with no cancer symptoms. Another 6,000 with suspected signs have been offered to speed up their diagnosis (诊断). Blood samples will be taken at mobile clinics in retail parks and community locations. Laboratory analysis produces a result in a fortnight. Each test costs ? 620 but NHS has negotiated a discounted price. Half the participants will have their blood screened with the Galleri test right away and samples from the rest will be stored and tested in the future. This will allow scientists to compare the stage at which any tumours (肿瘤) are detected between the two groups.
“The Galleri test can not only detect a wide range of cancer types but can also predict where the cancer is in the body with a high degree of accuracy. Earlier trial results showed it can detect 68% of 12 deadly cancers,” Health Secretary Sajid Javid said. In England 56% of cancers are diagnosed at stage one or two. NHS aims to increase that to three quarters by 2028. If found early there are a broader range of treatment options available, which can be curative and are often less aggressive.
12. What can be learned about the Galleri test
A. It can spot early-stage cancers. B. It has been developed by NHS.
C. It is an effective cure for diseases. D. It has been completed in Britain.
13. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3
A. The test is carried out free of charge.
B. NHS has offered the test to people from home and abroad.
C. Some blood samples will be saved for future use.
D The test results will come out the following night.
14. Why is Sajid Javid’s words mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To explain the purpose of NHS. B. To prove the necessity of the test.
C. To show the testing process. D. To stress the harm caused by cancer.
15. What can be the best title for the text
A. GRAIL Developed the Galleri Test B. NHS Found a Solution to Cancer
C. Britain Saved Money in Curing Cancer D. A Blood Test Helps Save Cancer Patients
2022届山西省太原市高三第一次模拟（一模）英语试题
第一节 (共 15 小题； 每小题 3 分，满分 45 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Lake City Skating Programs
Skating is a fantastic activity for people of any age. Patience, participation and perseverance are a few of the many values that the sport can teach its students. Our programs are thoughtfully prepared to embrace the natural progression of learning on ice for people dependent on their original abilities and age. Read on to learn more about our programs.
Learn to Skate Program
Come to Learn to Skate at the Frontier Ice Arena. Classes include skate rentals, 30-minute instruction from Lake City Figure Skating coaches, plus U.S. Figure Skating membership, record books and sports accident nsurance.
Super Skaters Program
We are excited to bring back our 16-week Super Skaters Program. This program is open to any potential skater aged 3~8. Super Skaters is a 16-week set of lessons offered on Tuesdays from 5 to 5:30 PM. Your $99 fee includes skate rentals, lessons fees and access to the 5:45 PM public session.
Rising Stars Bridge Program
The Rising Stars Bridge Program is the perfect progression for skaters who have passed Basic 3 and are looking to step into the big kid skater world. Bridge skaters will have access to the 8~9AM freestyle session and they will now enjoy a 30-minute group lesson from 9 to 9:30AM. Private lessons may be taken during freestyle time for an additional cost.
Theater on Ice Program
Theater on Ice is a form of competitive figure skating that combines the grace of figure skating with the excitement of theater and dance. Teams consist of between 8 and 30 skaters. In addition, solo skating is discouraged, but is permitted in limited amounts if it enhances the overall telling of the program's story.
21. What should skaters consider when choosing a suitable program
A. Original abilities and age.
B. Experience in other sports.
C. Skating equipment and cost.
D. Values learned from textbooks.
22. Which program is intended for Basic 3 skaters looking to improve
A. Learn to Skate Program.
B. Super Skaters Program.
C. Rising Stars Bridge Program.
D. Theater on Ice Program.
23. What is a special feature of Theater on Ice Program
A. Solo skating.
B. Private lessons.
C. Accident insurance.
D. Performance art.
B
After decades of work trying to save the giant panda, Chinese officials have announced the species is no longer endangered. The pandas have been reclassified in the country from endangered to vulnerable (易危的） after efforts to increase the population. Now the number has risen to 1,800 in the wild.
China has established a relatively complete nature reserves system," Cui Shu hong, director of the Department of Natural Ecological Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said on Wednesday. "Large areas of natural ecosystems have been systematically and completely protected, and wildlife habitats have been effectively improved."
The latest classification upgrade reflects their improved living conditions and China's efforts in keeping their habitats integrated, Cui added.
Bamboo makes up 90% of pandas' diets, and the animals would likely starve without the shoots( 竹 笋 ). Experts believe China's efforts to replant bamboo forests have been the key to the increase in the population of pandas.
Generally speaking, a panda has to eat at least 26 pounds of bamboo every day to maintain its energy, so large areas of bamboo forests are primary to their survival.
Planting bamboo also has advantages for the planet, as the bamboo is grass, not a tree, and is incredibly efficient at absorbing carbon dioxide, as well as emitting(排放） 35% more oxygen than trees.
"The Chinese have done a great job in investing in panda habitats, expanding and setting up new reserves," Ginette Hemley, senior vice president of conservation at the World Wildlife Fund, told the media. "They are a wonderful example of what can happen when a government is committed to conservation."
Continuing China's success will be dependent on the country protecting land from agricultural and urban development. As land becomes rarer, measures will need to be extended to protect more land, to ensure bamboo forests can thrive and as a result, protect the future of the world's most lovable, lazy, and monochrome (black and white) creature.
24. What do we know about the giant panda according to paragraph 1
A. It is an endangered species.
B. It increases by 1,800 each year.
C. It has seen a decline in population.
D. It has got a classification upgrade.
25. What can be inferred from Ginette Hemley's words
A. Social media makes a difference.
B. Panda habitats are getting smaller.
C. Government's commitment is crucial.
D. Setting up new reserves is impossible.
26. What can be the challenge China faces in achieving continued success
A. Lazy and monochrome animals.
B. Lack of support from the World Wildlife Fund.
C. The emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
D. The influence of agricultural and urban development.
27. Where is this text probably from
A. A news website.
B. An official report.
C. A travel magazine.
D. A biology textbook.
C
More than half a trillion dollars. That’s the estimated value of all the stuff that U.S. shoppers bought last year only to return it------more than the economy of Israel or Austria. We tried new brands with unfamiliar sizes after seeing them on TikTok. We overbought for the holidays, and we shopped overly online, where returns are between two and five times more likely than that from stores.
Where does it all go Take the blanket I bought on holiday sale for example. I opened the package, only to discover it was just too small for my new sofa. So I returned it. Sorry, blanket! What will happen to
‘Your blanket is very likely to be in a landfil1, ’ says Hitendra Chaturvedi, a supply chain management professor at Arizona State University. ‘That is what consumers don’t realize------the life of a return is a very, very sad path. Value is the big threshold （门槛） : Is the product worth the cost of shipping back and paying someone to inspect, clean, repair or test Experts estimate that retailers （零售商） throw away about 25% of their returns. Every year, U.S. returns create almost 6 billion pounds of landfill waste.
Many others get resold in discount and outlet stores. Some go to sellers on websites. Some get donated to charity or recycled. ‘These options have increased over the past decade, allowing more and more returns to find a new home, ’ says Marcus Shen, chief operating officer of B - Stock, a platform where retailers can resell their returns, often to smaller stores.
As companies compete on flexible return policies, technology is also slowly playing a part: helping shoppers buy the right-size sweater or picture a new blanket inside their room. Most importantly, Shen says, shoppers themselves are getting more and more comfortable with buying stuff that‘s not exactly brand-new.
‘The idea of that is no longer scary for us, right ’ he says. On his holiday-returns agenda is an electric, self-heating coffee mug that he has never opened, and he feels confident it will find a happy new buyer.
What is paragraph I mainly about
A. The challenge facing the American economy.
B. The urgency to cut down on online shopping.
C. The returning problem caused by overbuying online.
D. The cost of finding new homes for returned goods.
29.Why do some returns end up in landfills
A. It’s required by the return policies.
B. It saves retailers 6 billion pounds a year.
C. It’s impossible to put returns to other uses.
D. It’s more economically efficient for retailers.
30.How does technology contribute to less returning
A. By helping shoppers make better decisions.
B. By restoring the newness in returned goods.
C. By improving the return policy - making process.
D. By drawing pictures of the goods for the shoppers.
31. Which of the following examples indicates a desirable end-result for returns
A. TikTok items. B. The coffee mug. C. The blanket. D. A right - size sweater.
D
Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage is passed down through the generations. It is in the buildings and structures around us. It is in the arts and artifacts (手工艺品) we treasure. It lives in the languages we speak and the stories we tell. But today, it is under attack as never before. Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage, but conflicts, climate change, globalization and tourism are all exacting a heavy price. Technology is now the most essential weapon in the battle. Here’s how technology is preserving our cultural heritage.
As you can imagine, creating the replicas ( 复 制 品 ) via crowd sourced 2D images is extremely time-consuming. Increasingly, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms (算法) are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing millions of images to be stored in a matter of hours. AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods.
Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. Many of the most important sites and architecture are extremely fragile. Human interaction with these locations is doing a great deal of harm. Wastes accumulate everywhere, causing enormous problems. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded, VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them. We’ll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at (and touch!) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.
Finally, our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology. Efforts in research, innovation, data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.
32. What does the underlined word “exacting” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Paying B. Cutting C. Receiving D. Demanding
33. What is the advantage of AI in preserving cultural heritage
A. It generates 2D images.
C. It makes preservation safer.
B. It makes restoration easier.
D. It creates replicas in seconds.
34. How does VR help to preserve cultural heritage
A. By recycling huge amounts of waste.
B. By reducing human impact on the site.
C. By forbidding visitors from touching artifacts.
D. By educating people about the sites’ importance.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. How Technology Change Art
B. What Cultural Heritage Means to Us
C. Preserve the Ancient with the Advanced
D. Prepare for a Revolution in Technology
2022届山西省临汾市高考考前适应性训练考试（二）英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Graphic Design for 13 to 16 Year Olds Online Short Course
Course description
Graphic Design for 13 to 16 year olds will explore the world of visual communication as you unravel the possibilities of graphic design.
Through a series of fun and engaging workshops, you will experiment with a range of hands-on materials and processes.
We'll encourage you to develop your work through brainstorming and visual research, to feed your inspiration.
Course outcomes
You'll leave with a small body of work and a broader understanding of the possibilities offered by working in the area of graphic design. You will have gained skills that can be used in building a future portfolio（作品集）.
All our Online Short Courses include:
*Live online lessons with the same tutors
*Access to VLE with course content
*Forums for support
*Certificate upon completion
How to book:
*Click “add to basket”
*If you are an adult booking a place for a child or teenager, you will need two email addresses, one for your booking confirmation email and one for the student
*Select the option to book for someone else
*Add the bookers' details under your details
If you need help with booking please use our online chat or call 0207 514 7015. Please note that all courses are taught in UK time. Online courses are closed to all new bookings 48 hours prior to the course starting.
21.How will the students learn through the course
A. By doing practical exercises.
B. By watching preloaded videos.
C. By conducting online research.
D. By receiving one-to-one instruction.
22. What can a student get after finishing the course
A. A certificate. B. A portfolio. C. A job offer. D. A tutor's signature.
23. What calls for special attention when students book the course
A. Booking in UK time.
B. Calling to confirm in advance.
C. Booking at least two days before it starts.
D. Avoiding using more than one email address.
B
One day, I asked some college students to tell me the first word that came to mind when thinking about mathematics. The top words were “calculation” and “equation（等式）”.Instead， the mathematicians offered phrases like “critical thinking” and “problem-solving.” This is unfortunately common. What mathematicians think of is entirely different from what the general population thinks of. No wonder we hear “I hate math” so often.
So I set about solving this problem unconventionally. I decided to offer a class called “The Mathematics of Knitting”. I removed pencil, paper, calculator and textbook from the classroom completely. Instead, we talked, used our hands, drew pictures and played with everything. And of course, we knit.
One essential and difficult part of mathematical content is the equation, and crucial to this is the equal sign, which is very strict. An equation like x = 5 tells us the number 5 and the value of x must be exactly the same. Any small deviation（偏离）from “exactly” means two things are not equal. However, two quantities are always not exactly the same in life. Imagine that you have two square pillows. The first is red on top, yellow on the right, green on bottom and blue on the left. The second is yellow on the top, green on the right, blue on bottom, and red on the left. The pillows aren't exactly the same but certainly similar. In fact, they would be exactly the same if you turned the pillow with the red top once counterclockwise.
Another topic is referred to as “rubber sheet geometry”. The idea is to imagine the whole world is made of rubber, then reimagine the shapes. Let's try to understand it with knitting. For example, while being made, a hat is shaped by three needles, making it look triangular. Then, once it comes off the needles， it relaxes into a circle. In fact，all polygons（多边形）become circles in this field of study.
The subjects above are typically reserved for math majors in college. If more mathematicians were able to set aside classical techniques, more people out there could embrace mathematical thought.
24. Why did the author start “The Mathematics of Knitting”
A. To promote traditional handicraft.
B. To cultivate the students' capacity to solve problems.
C. To remove the common misunderstanding about math.
D. To enhance the students' skills in the application of math.
25. What is the relationship between the equation in math and that in life
A. Same and exact. B. Same but different.
C. Equal and precise. D. Different but inseparable.
26. How does the author present what mathematics really is
A. By clarifying reasons. B. By giving examples.
C. By analyzing results. D. By describing procedures.
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Math: a novel skill of knitting
B. Knitting: an unconventional course
C. Different Flavors of Math Revealed by Knitting
D. The Calculation and Equation in Mathematical Content
C
Over the past few years, as architects and city planners have confronted the tragedy of our planet losing species at rates never seen in human history, many have started designing more greenery into urban areas, creating tidy plots of grass with non-native flowers. But European designers Hougaard and Qual find it problematic. These green spaces don't actually encourage wildlife to grow. To counter that, the designers created outdoor furniture that would be beautiful to look at, but also allow bugs, birds, and wildflowers to thrive, nurturing biodiversity in cities and rewilding urban spaces.
The natural world tends to appear messy, chaotic, with plants and animals interacting with each other. Bacteria, plants, and insects thrive in rotting logs. Birds and bees create homes in dead, hollow tree trunks. Weeds and flowers grow in wild patches of grass. People perceive this as messy and dirty, trying to get rid of them in cities despite the fact that even though wildlife appears chaotic, there is often method in the madness.
Qual had this in mind when creating a large, leaf-shaped insect hotel to be placed on a flower bed. The structure contains wooden blocks with different size of holes for different insect species. Hougaard created a metal log bench with an empty space in the middle to provide a habitat for creatures. He also created planting containers without a base, which are placed right on top of the soil and filled with different materials to provide a place for insects, reptiles, and small animals to hide and find food. They can also interact with earthworms and other creatures in the soil underneath, creating a thriving ecosystem.
Will people actually want to be so close to bugs, snakes, and nesting birds The designers acknowledge that modern humans have been trained to stay away from such creatures. But these structures keep animals contained, while allowing people to observe and appreciate them safely. And ultimately, humans need to become much more comfortable living alongside wildlife.
28. What do Hougaard and Haul notice about creating tidy grass plots in urban areas
A. It encourages the growth of wildlife.
B. It keeps a more balanced ecosystem.
C. It doesn't increase species diversity.
D. It doesn't damage the habitat of species.
29.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2
A. To describe the peace of nature.
B. To introduce the law of the jungle.
C. To show the need for rewilding urban areas.
D. To provide the basis for designing outdoor furniture.
30. What does the underlined word “this" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. The tragedy of losing species.
B. The goal to keep cities organized.
C. The plan to design more greenery.
D. The concept of order and messiness.
31. What can we infer about the author from the text
A. He is also a designer of insect hotels.
B. He is against keeping animals caged.
C. He is a strong advocate for a chaotic lifestyle.
D. He is in support of Hougaard and Qual's idea.
D
A new type of weather condition has been observed, existing primarily in one particular part of the world: small, slow-moving, moisture-rich pools. Researchers are calling these atmospheric lakes.
This unique type of storm occurs over the western Indian Ocean and moves towards Africa. Unlike most storms created by a vortex（漩涡），the lakes are produced by water vapor concentrations that are dense enough to produce rain. These atmospheric lakes are similar to atmospheric rivers，narrow bands of dense moisture（水分密集）.However，the new type of meteorological phenomenon is smaller, slower moving, and separates itself from the atmospheric river that creates it. Existing as they do in an equatorial region where the wind speed is often very low, these atmospheric lakes are in no rush.
Over the five years,17 atmospheric lakes lasting longer than six days were discovered, within 10 degrees of the equator. A team is now being put together to run a full study on the phenomenon. One of the questions the researchers will be looking at is why atmospheric lakes detach themselves from the river-lake patterns they form from. The climate change angle is an important one, because if increasing temperatures in any way affect the formation and movement of atmospheric lakes, that could impact the rainfall that reaches the east coast of Africa.
According to Brian Mapes, an atmospheric scientist from the University of Miami, if all the water in a year's worth of atmospheric lakes were to become liquid at once, it would create a puddle just a few centimeters deep but a kilometer (0.62 miles) wide. That's a significant amount of precipitation（降水量）.Professor Mapes believes this could be a solution for the dry regions of East Africa, where millions of people live and need rainfall to survive.
It remains to be seen whether the concept of “atmospheric lake" can be widely accepted or not. However, it is obviously an effective way to explore nature to analyze various phenomena in the atmosphere and reveal their laws and possible impacts by using new sounding instruments and acquired data.
32. What mainly contributes to the formation of an atmospheric lake
A. A gentle vortex. B. Large-scale moving winds.
C. A violent ocean storm. D. Heavy water vapor concentrations.
33. What does the underlined word “detach” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Separate. B. Defend. C. Recover. D. Prohibit.
34. What is probably the benefit of “atmospheric lakes”
A. Providing a solution to air pollution.
B. Easing the drought in parts of Africa.
C. Improving the quality of people's life.
D. Bringing abundant rainfall to southern Africa.
35. Which word best describes the author's attitude to the study of “atmospheric lakes”
A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Ambiguous. D. Skeptical.
答案：
2022届山西省高考适应性练习（一模）英语试题（解析版）
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Saint Paul的四个溜冰场的位置，开放时间以及注意的细节。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rink Hours & Locations:中的“Rinks will close periodically for maintenance.(溜冰场将定期关闭去维护)”可知在维护期间，溜冰场将关闭。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rink Hours & Locations:中的
Phalen Open Mon-Fri: Lights turn off at 9pm Sat & Sun: Lights turn off at 7pm 651-793-6600
可知在周二下午8点，如果你有时间，可以去Phalen，因此它周一至周五，灯光在晚上9点关闭。故选A.
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even if you feel you can’t commit to volunteering, you are still desired to help by clearing snow while visiting the rinks. (即使你感觉你不能投身于志愿者活动，你仍旧被期待在参观溜冰场时，可以帮助清理雪。因此最后一段鼓励参观者帮助除雪。故选C。
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了被评为“年度企业家”的Vijay和Bhikhu的成功史，以及成功的秘诀。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“He came to Britain,16, with a handful of qualifications. ￡5 in pocket and a burning ambition. Thirty-five years later, Vijay, 51, and his brother, Bhikhu, own a drug company which does $234 million worth of business each year.(16岁时，他来到英国，带着一些资历，口袋里的￡5，还有一个燃烧的雄心。35年后，51岁的维贾伊和他的兄弟，Bhikhu。拥有一家每年价值2.34亿美元的制药公司)”,以及第三段第二句“‘I had little more than my qualifications and $5,’ says Vijay.‘But to go with those, I had a huge ambition to make something of myself’(维贾伊说:‘除了我的资历和5美元之外，我一无所有。但与此同时，我有一个巨大的抱负，那就是要成就一番事业。')”可知，创业阶段，他除了资格证书和雄心，什么都没有。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句开始“When you start from zero, things can’t get any worse. You have only one way to go. and that’s up—if there is a hunger in your stomach for success.” Vijny says. ‘My brother and I were determined to better ourselves and Britain was the land of opportunity.’（‘当你从零开始，事情不会变得更糟。你只有一条路可走。如果你的胃里有一股渴望成功的欲望，那就是成功。’Vijny说，‘我弟弟和我决心让自己变得更好，而英国是一片充满机遇的土地。’)”可知，Vijny对目标的执着是他的成功的秘诀。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段最后一句“Brought up under one roof, we understand one another from A to Z.(我们在同一个屋檐下长大，彼此了解)”，from A to Z意为“彻底地；从头至尾”。A项“We share something in common.(我们有共同之处)”；B项“We know each other inside out.(我们互相了解得很透彻)”；C项“We count on each other in career.(我们在事业上互相依靠)”；D项“We two together create fire and water.(我们简直水火不容)”。B项与该句语意相近，故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了把手起家的Vijay凭借雄心壮志，打拼到拥有一家每年营业额过亿美元的制药公司的经历。故From Penniless to Millionaire(从一文不名到百万富翁)，符合题意。故选A项。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导读】本文是说明文。文章讲述了莫桑比克大象因为多年的内战和偷猎，在进化过程中导致了无象牙大象的出现，文章分析了进化的原因以及可能导致的结果。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Now researchers have figured out how years of civil war and poaching in Mozambique have led to a greater number of elephants that will never develop tusks.( 现在，研究人员已经弄清莫桑比克多年的内战和偷猎是如何导致大量的大象永远长不出象牙的。)”可知，研究人员弄清楚了天生没有象牙的大象的原因。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“The survivors were likely to share a key characteristic: half the females were naturally tuskless - they simply never developed tusks - while before the war, less than a fifth lacked tusks.(这些幸存者很可能共享一个关键特征:一半的雌性天生没有象牙——它们从来没有长出象牙——而在战前，只有不到五分之一的大象没有象牙。)”和第三段内容“After the war, those tuskless surviving females passed on their genes with expected,as well as surprising, results. About half their daughters were tuskless. More confusing, two-thirds of their offspring (后代) were female. ‘The years of unrest changed the evolution in that population,’ said evolutionary biologist Shane Staton.(战争结束后，这些没有象牙的幸存雌性大象将它们的基因遗传给了下一代，结果出乎意料，也令人惊奇。大约一半的女儿没有象牙。更令人困惑，三分之二的后代是女性。进化生物学家Shane Staton说:“多年的动荡改变了这一种群的进化。”)”可推断，二、三两段讲述了大象的进化过程。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段Samuel Wasser说的话“The fact that this dramatic selection for tusklessness happened over 15 years is one of the most astonishing findings.( 这种对无象牙的戏剧性的选择发生在15年期间，是最令人惊讶的发现之一。)”可知，Samuel吃惊进化的速度。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“If an elephant doesn’t have the tool to peel bark from trees, then what chain reaction will happen ( 如果大象没有剥树皮的工具，那么会发生什么连锁反应呢 )”可推断，这种连锁反应可能导致的结果是大象饮食的转变。故选B。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了智能设备在提供方便的同时，也会有一些潜在的风险。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s a connected world, and nearly every device, appliance, and machine with some sort of computer running inside it can be connected to others through the Internet of Things (IoT). What a great leap forward in this journey we call human civilization! But does this recent advancement come with a dark secret that can someday turn on us Are smart devices spies around us （这是一个相互联系的世界，几乎所有的设备，家用电器，以及运行着某种计算机的机器，都可以通过物联网与其他设备相互联系。在这个我们称之为人类文明的旅程中，这是一个多么大的大跃进啊！但是最近的进步是否伴随着某天会转向我们的黑暗秘密呢？智能设备会在我们周围监视吗？）”可知，通过物联网与其他设备相互联系，是人类文明的进步，但进步也伴随着风险，即泄露我们的秘密，所以可推知，IoT是一把双刃剑。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“While you are playing games on your smartphone, Alphonso comes to life and listens to what you are watching on TV. It then records this information and sends it to some server somewhere, and the data is analyzed to build a profile about your TV-viewing habits. Alphonso proves that devices can listen to what you say and do.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphonso会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphonso 证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”可知，智能设备会记录我们的数据，并发送到某个服务器上，从而窃取了我们的信息。选项B与文意相符，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“While you are playing games on your smartphone, Alphonso comes to life and listens to what you are watching on TV. It then records this information and sends it to some server somewhere, and the data is analyzed to build a profile about your TV-viewing habits. Alphonso proves that devices can listen to what you say and do.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphonso会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphonso 证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”推知，通过实例解释了智能设备窃取我们信息的过程，选项D符合题意，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“So we should thus take steps to protect ourselves from this eventuality.（因此，我们应该采取措施，保护自己免受这种可能性。）”可知，此处提出了要保护我们免遭危险的办法是采取措施，所以接下来的内容可能描述一些具体的保护方法。选项A符合题意，故选A。
2022届山西省高三高考第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Old Trafford球场招募工作人员的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Manchester United is currently recruiting(招募)individuals to join our Matchday Operations team for the football season to enhance the matchday experience for the 76,000 fans and guests we entertain at Old Trafford for every home game.(曼联目前正在招募个人加入我们足球赛季的比赛日运营团队，为每一场主场比赛在老特拉福德招待的76000名球迷和客人提升比赛日体验)”可知，这个招募是为了招聘能于比赛日在老特拉福德球场为球迷服务的工作人员，可推知：这项工作肯定是在体育场进行的。故选B项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Please note:You should only submit one application as all opportunities will be discussed at the interview. The exact copies of application will be disregarded and you will be out.(请注意:你只需要提交一份申请，因为所有的机会都会在面试中讨论。申请表的副本会被忽视，你将被开除)”可知，每个申请者只能提交一张申请表，否则将被淘汰。故对候选人来说：他们申请的独特性很是重要。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thank you for your application! For any question, please email the recruitment team at recruitment@manutd.co.uk.(感谢您的申请！如有任何问题，请发送电子邮件至recruitment@manutd.co.uk)”可知，申请者可以通过发邮件的方式和招慕团队取得联系。故选C项。
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了作家Seegert和插图画家Martin一起奋斗的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In the depths of space orbits is an intergalactic space station. Living here are some of the smartest scientists and their families. After traveling billions of miles, two scientists, Clyde and Klara Klosno, and their kids Kelvin and Bula, are the newest members of the space station. This is a story told in the new book, ScrFi Junior High, written by Scott Seegert and illustrated by John Martin.(在太空轨道的深处有一个星系间的空间站。住在这里的是一些最聪明的科学家和他们的家人。经过数十亿英里的旅行，两位科学家Clyde和Klara Klosno，以及他们的孩子Kelvin和Bula，成为了空间站的最新成员。这是一本新书《科幻初中》中讲述的故事，该书由Scott Seegert撰写，John Martin配图)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了《科幻初中》是为了引出文中的主要人物。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“As a kid, he spent evenings and weekends watching cartoons and drawing superheroes, Martin says he was “avoiding homework”, without realizing that he was really working towards his future career.(当他还是个孩子的时候，他晚上和周末都在看卡通片和画超级英雄。Martin说他“避免做作业”，并没有意识到他是在为未来的事业努力)”可知，Martin小时候利用晚上和周末的时间看漫画和画超级英雄。这表明他在培养自己的兴趣。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Seegert and Martin grew up during the same time and had similar interests. As kids, both read comic books, watched superhero shows and enjoyed alien movies.( Seegert和Martin在同一时期长大，有相似的兴趣。在孩子的时候，他们都看漫画书，看超级英雄节目，喜欢外星人电影)”可知，Seegert和Martin有很多相同的爱好，也就是他们有着相似之处。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Their first cooperative work was the book Vordak the Incomprehensible. The two went on to write more books together and have received many awards for their work. For Sci-Fi Junior High, they started with a very general idea, and then focused on the characters to tell the story.(他们的第一部合作作品是《不可理解的沃尔达克》。两人后来一起写了更多的书，并因他们的工作获得了许多奖项。对于《科幻片初中》，他们从一个非常笼统的想法开始，然后将重点放在讲述故事的角色上)”结合文章主要讲述了Seegert和Martin一起奋斗的故事。B选项“两个伙伴一起前进”最符合文章标题。故选B。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是研究表明，空气污染能改变人的心脏结构。这种现象类似于早期的心脏衰竭。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“In the journal Circulation on Friday, the scientists revealed that air pollution can harm the heart to the point where it resembles (类似) the early stages of heart failure.(科学家们在周五的《循环》(Circulation)杂志上透露，空气污染会对心脏造成损害，其程度相当于心力衰竭的早期阶段。)”可知，该研究发现空气污染能危害人的心脏，使心脏处于衰竭的危险中。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“According to Emory Healthcare, deaths have decreased around 12 percent per decade on average over the past 50 years, but 287,000 people die frorn heart failure each year. There are more hospitalizations from heart failure each year than all cancers combined.(据埃默里医疗中心(Emory Healthcare)称，在过去50年里，死亡人数平均每十年下降12%左右，但每年有28.7万人死于心力衰竭。每年因心力衰竭住院的人数比因癌症住院的人数加起来还要多。)”可知，心脏衰竭对人类来说依旧是很大的威胁。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“The team found participants had larger right and left ventricles (心室) in the heart when they lived closer to busy roads and were exposed to nitrogen dioxide(NOz), which enters the air when fuel is burned.(研究小组发现，当受试者居住的地方离繁忙的道路较近，且暴露在二氧化氮(NOz)环境中时，他们的左心室和右心室会变大。二氧化氮是燃料燃烧时进入空气中的物质。)”可知，研究团队发现当参与者们暴露在污染的空气下，他们的左心室和右心室就会变大。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“The public all need to be aware of their exposure when they think about their heart health, just like they think about their blood pressure and their weight.(当公众考虑他们的心脏健康时，他们都需要意识到他们的暴露，就像他们考虑他们的血压和体重一样。)”可知，Dr. NayAung告诉人们要注意空气污染。故选C。
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲的是研究人员发现了一种能漂浮的金属。它能被用来制造船只，有着光明的前景。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“It’s a metal that absolu