译林版（2019）必修第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance Extended reading, Project, Assessment 同步课时训练（有答案）

Unit 1 Nature in the Balance Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study—2022-2023学年高一英语译林版（2020）必修第三册同步课时训练
一、汉译英
1.People also fear that _____(人类) is failing to manage science properly.
2.The energy secretary will present the _____(策略) tomorrow afternoon.
3.We are all _____(完全地) responsible for our actions, and for our reactions.
4.______(年长的) citizens long for a more predictable and secure future.
5.Inflation is below 5% and set to fall _____(进一步).
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
become concerned about; on the rise; give rise to; in defence of; in turn; get rid of; connect...with...;hand in hand; be eager to; protest against; do harm to; get mixed up with
1. A new witness will be called by the lawyer to speak _____ his client.
2. After a struggle I _____ the black clouds, and was able to observe with my ordinary senses again.
3. Interest rates were cut and, _____, share prices(股价) rose.
4. Uncertainties affecting peace and development are _____.
5. Her parents, who don't have much to do, suddenly _____ her job and asked many questions.
6. A pedestrian bridge now _____ the parking garage _____ the mall.
7. Everyone in the class seemed to _____ learn.
8. The new couple are often seen to walk _____ with each other in the street.
9. Poor men _____ the law. They said it was unfair.
10. Do you think that work without rest will _____ your health
11. Her father told her not to _____ those students who always break school rules.
12. Low levels of choline(胆碱) in the body can _____ high blood pressure.
三、阅读理解
Baggy has become the first dog in the UK—and potentially the world—to join the fight against air pollution by recording pollutant levels near the ground.
Baggy wears a pollution monitor on her collar so she can take data measurements close to the ground. Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, which has helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lung problems.
Conventional air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts at about nine feet in the air. However, since Baggy stands at about the same height as a child in a pushchair(婴儿车), she frequently records pollution levels which are much higher than the data gathered by the Environment Agency.
The doggy data research was the idea of Baggy's 13-year-old owner Tom Hunt and his dad Matt. The English youngster noticed that pollution levels are around two-thirds higher close to the ground than they are in the air at the height where they are recorded by the agency. Tom has since reported the shocking findings to the government in an attempt to emphasise that babies are at higher risk of developing asthma(哮喘).
Matt Hunt said he was "very proud" of his son because "when the boy gets an idea, he keeps his head down and gets on with it, and he really does want to do some good and stop young kids from getting asthma."
"Tom built up a passion for environmental protection at a very early age," Matt added. "He became very interested in gadgets(小装置). About one year ago, he got this new piece of tech which is like a test tube. One Sunday afternoon, we went out to do some monitoring, and he said, 'why don't we put it on Baggy's collar and let her monitor the pollution ' So we did it."
Tom said, "Most of the time, Baggy is just like any other dog. But for the rest of the time she is a super dog, and we are all really proud of her."
1.With a monitor on her collar, Baggy can ______.
A.take pollutant readings B.record pollutant levels
C.process collected date D.reduce air pollution
2.What can we learn from the Baggy data
A.High places are free of air pollution. B.Higher pushchairs are more risky for kids.
C.Conventional monitors are more reliable. D.Air is more polluted closer to the ground.
3.What is Tom's purpose of doing the research
A.To warn of a health risk. B.To find out pollution sources.
C.To test his new monitor. D.To prove Baggy's abilities.
4.According to the passage, which word can best describe Tom Hunt
A.Modest. B.Generous. C.Creative. D.Outgoing.
四、写作
请以"Soil pollution"为题写一篇英文短文。内容包括:
1. 分析土壤污染的成因;
2. 如何减少和预防土壤污染。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:pesticide 杀虫剂; chemical fertilizer 化肥; residue残留物; substance物质
Soil pollution
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答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：mankind
2.答案：strategy
3.答案：entirely
4.答案：Senior
5.答案：further
二、
答案：1.in defence of; 2.got rid of; 3.in turn; 4.on the rise; 5.became concerned about;
6.connects; with; 7.be eager to; 8.hand in hand; 9.protested against; 10.do harm to;
11.get mixed up with; 12.give rise to
三、
答案：1-4 BDAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段"Baggy has become the first dog...by recording pollutant levels near the ground."和第二段第一句"Baggy wears a pollution monitor on her collar so she can take data measurements close to the ground."可知, Baggy通过颈圈上的监测器可以记录接近地面的污染物水平。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的"Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level"可知, Baggy携带的监测器测到的数据显示, 越接近地面, 空气污染水平越高, 即越接近地面, 空气污染越严重。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句"Tom has since reported the shocking findings to the government in an attempt to emphasise that babies are at higher risk of developing asthma."可知, Tom做这个研究的目的是警告一种健康风险。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段"Baggy has become the first dog in the UK...near the ground."和第四段第一句"The doggy data research was the idea of Baggy's 13-year-old owner Tom Hunt and his dad Matt."可推知, 用狗来监测空气污染水平的想法可能是世界上首次出现的, 很有创造性, 故用creative(创造性的)形容Tom最合适。
四、
答案：
Soil pollution
Soil pollution is caused for various reasons. First, the overuse of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in farming causes harmful chemical residues to be left in the soil. Second, wastewater, gases and solids in industry are illegally poured into or piled on the soil without being scientifically treated. All of these are causing more and more serious pollution and damage to the soil.
To prevent the soil pollution from becoming more serious, we must take a lot of measures. First, we should ask people to pay attention to it and change their bad habits. Second, our government is supposed to make stricter laws to punish those businesses which illegally emit waste water or gases. Last, scientists should try to develop harmless pesticides and chemical fertilizers to reduce soil pollution.
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