译林版（2019）必修第三册Unit 2 Natural Disasters Grammar and usage 同步课时训练（有答案）

Unit 2 Natural Disasters Grammar and usage & Integrated skills—2022-2023学年高一英语译林版（2020）必修第三册同步课时训练
一、填空题
1.The workers were not better organized; otherwise they would _________(accomplish) the task in half the time.
2.Earthquakes are among the most _________(power) natural disasters on earth, and their results can be terrifying.
3.Her _________(donate) was for students who clearly needed financial help.
4.It's too late! The radio says the city _____(flood) already.
5.She said softly, _____(try) her best to comfort Mary.
二、汉译英
6.They played a football game to raise money for _________(慈善).
7.Fresh water and other commodities are in short ______(供应).
8.Social events and training days are arranged for all the _____(全体职工).
9.The young man rushed _________(往楼下) and burst into the kitchen.
10.The heavy rain has caused _________(洪水) in many parts of the country.
三、阅读理解
Like all big cities, Paris has traffic problems : lots of cars, lots of traffic jams (堵塞) and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气).So the city began a scheme (计划) to improve the situation.
Under the Velib scheme ("Velib" comes from vélo liberté, or "bicycle freedom") people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you don't return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it's only ?1 a day or ?29 a year! The bicycles are heavy (25 kg), and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20, 000 of them in the city, and around 1, 450 bicycle stations. So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations!
Paris is not the first city to have a scheme like this. But not everybody thinks it's a great idea. One Parisian said, "These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to travel across the city, they won't use a bicycle—they'll still use their cars."
A city spokesman said, "The bicycle scheme won't solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes, is a big problem. There aren't any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get worse. The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too."
1.What can we learn about the Velib scheme
A.Its bikes have no baskets. B.Its bikes are light and colourful.
C.It aims to make travelling easier. D.It owns more stations than the subway.
2.How much should you pay if you use a Velib for an hour
A.?l. B.?30 C.?29. D.No money.
3.Why do some people disagree with the Velib scheme
A.The cost is rather high.
B.It's hard to find a Velib station.
C.It's not suitable for a long journey.
D.The distance between two Velib stations is long.
4.What's the city spokesman's attitude towards the bicycle scheme
A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Uncaring. D.Worried.
四、语法填空
I've noticed many people having a cold, and it's not even fall yet. Why does the cold occur more frequently during the fall and winter ①_____(month) It's actually not the cold weather ②_____(it) that causes the cold. But rather, it is most likely to be caused by people spending ③_____(much) time indoors close to each other, making the spread of germs(病菌) more readily. This is another reason ④_____ children in the day care centre or school are more likely to pick up the cold.
When I worked in a doctor's clinic a few years back, it was one of the ⑤_____(lead) reasons why people visited the doctor in fall and winter. Millions of people suffer from the cold each year. As a result, school ⑥_____(absent) is frequently reported, with around 22 million days annually.
How can you avoid getting a cold Among the commonly ⑦_____(recognize) tips, washing your hands is ⑧_____ most important one. The cold is spread either by directly touching infected secretions(分泌物), or by taking ⑨_____ the airborne particles(微粒). Also, cold and flu viruses get into the body via the eyes, nose, or mouth. So, ⑩_____(try) to avoid touching your face, especially without washing your hands first.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：have accomplished
解析：句意为:工人们没有被更好地组织起来。否则,他们本可以在一半的时间内完工。根据otherwise(否则)可知该句用虚拟语气,表示“本可以做某事而未做”用 would have done 结构,故填 have accomplished。该句可以转换为: If the workers had been better organised, they would have accomplished the task in half the time.
2.答案：powerful
解析：句意为:地震是地球上影响最为巨大的自然灾害之一,它们(造成)的结果是极其可怕的。设空处应填形容词,作定语,修饰disasters,根据语境可知应填powerful。
3.答案：donation
解析：句意为:她的捐赠是给明显需要经济资助的学生们的。设空处作主语,应填名词形式,由后面的was可知应填donation。
4.答案：has been flooded
解析：考查时态和语态。由"too late"可知, 动作已发生, 需用现在完成时; 且主语city与动词flood之间为动宾关系, 需用被动语态。
5.答案：trying
解析：考查现在分词。此处需用现在分词短语做伴随状语。
二、
6.答案：charity
7.答案：supply
8.答案：staff
9.答案：downstairs
10.答案：floods
三、
答案：1-4.DACB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations! 可知,自行车车站要比地铁车站多得多。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 But it's only ?1 a day or a year! 并结合前文可知,半小时内是免费的,超过半小时需要付费。骑自行车一个小时,需要付费1欧元,故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的 These bicycles are only for short journeys (这些自行车仅仅适用于短程旅途)可推断,一些人不看好该计划的原因是自行车不适用于长途旅行。故选C项。
4.推理判断题。通读文章的最后一段,并根据该段最后一句话 The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too. (自行车也可能帮助人们过一种更健康的生活),可知该发言人对自行车骑行计划的态度是肯定的。故选B项。
四、
答案：①months ②itself ③more ④why ⑤leading ⑥absence ⑦recognized ⑧the ⑨in ⑩try
解析：①考查名词的单复数。根据空前的"the fall and winter"并结合常识可知, 秋冬季节不止一个月, 故填名词的复数形式。
②考查代词。根据语境可知, 此处表示"事实上, 并不是寒冷的天气本身导致了感冒", 故应填反身代词itself。
③考查限定词的比较级。根据该句中的"more readily"可知, 此处也应表示比较的含义, 故填限定词的比较级。
④考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导定语从句, 在从句中做原因状语, 先行词为another reason, 故填why。
⑤考查形容词。修饰名词reasons要用形容词, 故填leading, 意为"主要的"。
⑥考查名词。分析句子结构可知, 此处所填的词要与school一起构成句子的主语, 又结合语境可知, 此处表示缺课, 故填名词absence。
⑦考查非谓语动词。此处修饰后面的名词, tips且该空前有副词commonly修饰, 故要用recognized, 意为"被认可的"。
⑧考查冠词。此处most important是形容词的最高级, 在句中做定语修饰one, 其前一般要加the。
⑨考查介词。此处表示"或者通过吸入空气传播的微粒", take in意为"吸入", 为固定用法。
⑩考查祈使句。此处表示建议, 应用以动词原形开头的祈使句, 故填try。
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