译林版（2019）必修第三册Unit 1 Nature in the Balance Grammar and usage同步课时训练（有答案）

Unit 1 Nature in the Balance Grammar and usage & Integrated skills—2022-2023学年高一英语译林版（2020）必修第三册同步课时训练
一、填空题
1.When ______(see) from the top of the hill, the whole city looks more beautiful.
2.Drivers are warned that it is dangerous to talk on the phone while _____(drive).
3.Press the enter key and the __________(apply) form will be displayed on the screen.
4.While ________(play) with his children outdoors, the father felt very happy.
5.When first ________(introduce) to the market, these new products of their company enjoyed great success.
二、选词填空
lock up ; come up with ; call for ; spring to mind ; take part in; be devoted to; at the entrance to; stop…from…; divide...into...; clean up; sign up; be willing to
1. My English teacher told me that I had been chosen __________ the speech competition.
2. My mother __________ our family and we all love her so much.
3. He was so convinced that Los Angeles was west of Reno that he __________ bet me two dollars.
4. We have been asked __________ some new ideas.
5. Visitors should stand __________ the cubicle and make their presence known first.
6. Jack wanted __________ for the school basketball team, hoping that one day he could become a professional basketball player.
7. Remember __________ your bicycle when you leave it near the subway station.
8. This event __________ everyone to stand up and take on responsibility towards a sustainable(可持续性的) future.
9.In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug __________ the body __________ releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain.
10. If the government really wants __________ the UK's air, it has a lot more work to do.
11. Most people __________ culture __________ two forms: "high" culture and "low" culture.
12.If any other questions __________ , don't hesitate to contact me.
三、阅读理解
The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru's heartbreaking story may have one good result — other countries might learn from its mistakes.
For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Snow Hunter y a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.
However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.
Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐) on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining for the phosphate.
A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines phosphate, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroyed the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.
In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem — their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. Experts say that it would take nearly $ 433, 600, 000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.
1. What might be the author's purpose of writing the text
A. To seek help for Nauru's problems.
B. To give a warning to other countries.
C. To show the importance of money.
D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
2. What did the ecological disaster in Nauru result from
A. The soil pollution. B. The phosphate overmining.
C. The farming activity. D. The whale hunting.
3. Which of the following is a cause of Nauru's financial problem
A. Its leaders misused the money.
B. It spent too much repairing the island.
C. Its phosphate mining cost much money.
D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.
4. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph
A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
B. The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.
C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.
D. The phosphate will be mined further.
四、语法填空
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ①_____(educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ②_____(develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has ③_____(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ④_____ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to ⑤_____ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ⑥_____ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
●Minimize the impact of ⑦_____(visit) the place.
●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
●Provide ⑧_____(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. ⑨_____(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim ⑩_____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：seen
解析：考查省略。句意为: 从山顶上看, 整个城市看起来更美。在状语从句中, 若从句的主语和主句一致, 且从句的谓语含有be动词, 可省略从句的主语和be动词; 主语"the whole city"与动词see之间是被动关系, 应用被动语态。完整的句子为: When the whole city is seen from the top of the hill, the whole city looks more beautiful.。故填seen。
2.答案：driving
解析：while driving=while they are driving。
3.答案：application
解析：考查名词。固定搭配: application form申请表。故填application,句意:按回车键,申请表格将显示在屏幕上。
4.答案：playing
解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析可知逗号前边是状语从句的省略形式,其完整形式为While he was playing with his children outdoors,省略了he was,故填playing。句意:和孩子们在户外玩的时候,这位父亲感到非常高兴。
5.答案：introduced
解析：句意为：他们公司的新产品首次被引入市场时收获了巨大的成功。设空处应用非谓语动词形式，introduce与products 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故填introduced。
二、
答案：1.to take part in
2.is devoted to
3.was willing to
4.to come up with
5.at the entrance to
6.to sign up
7.to lock up
8.calls for
9.stops; from
10.to clean up
11.divide; into
12.spring to mind
三、
答案：1-4 BBAA
解析：1.根据第一段中的“other countries might learn from its mistakes”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是给其他国家一个警示，希望它们能够从中吸取教训，故选B。
2.根据文章内容可知，瑙鲁的生态危机是由过度开采磷酸盐造成的。
3.根据最后一段中的"Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition they used millions more dollars for personal expenses"可知，造成瑙鲁财政危机的原因包括其领导人投资不明智，并且把钱用在个人消费上，故A项正确。
4.根据最后一段最后两句可知，修复瑙鲁的生态环境需要大量的金钱投入以及二十多年的时间，由此可推知被破坏的生态环境很难修复。
四、
答案：①educated ②development ③its ④until ⑤the ⑥of ⑦visiting ⑧financial ⑨Activities ⑩to have
解析：①考查形容词。在系动词become后应用形容词做表语, educated受过教育的, 有教养的。
②考查名词。空格在冠词the之后, 应填名词development(发展)。
③考查代词。空格在名词之前, 因此填形容词性物主代词its, 表示"它的"起源。
④考查特殊句式。句意: 直到20世纪80年代末, 它才作为一个旅游概念被人们广泛接受。根据句意和句中的not可知, 本空填until, not...until...直到......才......
⑤考查冠词。名词popularity后有定语, 故其前应用定冠词the表特指, the growing popularity of... ......的日益流行。
⑥考查固定用法。type后常跟of sth., various types of trips各种类型的旅行, 因此填of。
⑦考查非谓语动词。在介词of后应接动名词(doing)做宾语, 故填visiting。
⑧考查形容词。空格在名词aid之前, 应填形容词做定语, financial财政的。
⑨考查名词的单复数。本空做主语, 且本句的谓语动词是range, 故主语应是名词复数activities, 空格位于句首, 首字母应大写。
⑩考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.力求做某事, 为固定搭配。故本空用不定式to have。
2