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课时跟踪检测（二） Word power, Grammar and usage & Task
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The audience (听众) are listening carefully, and the professor feels a bit excited.
2．America declared (宣布) war on Japan in 1941.
3．There was a worried expression (表情) on her face.
4．Hurry up! The wedding ceremony (仪式) is beginning!
5．A memorial (纪念的) garden was to be created for the hero in a London park.
6．He is one of the most powerful (有影响力的) directors in Hollywood.
7．How can our children be educated (教育) if schools are not properly funded
8．He was fortunate (幸运的) to escape from the fire unharmed.
9．Terrorists threw several bombs (炸弹) to the police station.
10．He loves sea and dreams of being a sailor (水手) one day.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．We are looking forward to seeing the new exam system carried_out (被实行) in the near future.
2．The local government built a monument in_memory_of (为了纪念) those who lost their life in the war.
3．I don't know what makes_him_so_frightened (使他如此害怕)．
4．Now_that_you've_passed_the_test (既然你已经通过考试), you can drive on your own.
5．He declared_that (宣称) he would fight for his right.
6．The son gave_neither_money_nor_food (既不给钱也不给食物) to his mother.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The Zhoukoudian Relics (遗迹) Museum of palaeoanthropology (古人类学) is seated in Fangshan District in Beijing. The museum's construction first began in 1953, totaling 1,000 square meters. It systematically (系统地) introduces the life, environment and conditions of the Peking Man who existed 600,000 years ago, the Xindong Man of 100,000 years ago and the Upper Cave Man of 18,000 years ago.
In 1929, Chinese palaeoanthropologist Pei Wenzhong unearthed the first complete fossilized (石化) skull from the Peking Man in Longgu Mountain — a discovery that shook the world. In 1936, anthropologist Jia Lanpo discovered another three fossilized skulls of the Upper Cave Man. In the late 1960s, the Xindong Man relics that existed 100,000 years ago were excavated (发掘) in the same place. The series of important discoveries provided an important materials for the research of the origin of mankind. Zhoukoudian was listed in the Protected Cultural Relics by the State Council of China and World Cultural Heritage (遗产) by UNESCO.
The front of the exhibition hall is a model of Longgu Mountain, with stone specimens dating back to 100 to 400 million years in the Zhoukoudian area in the display cabinets, reflecting the geological changes in history. The models of the fossilized skulls, the fire relics and various stone tools of the Peking Man are exhibited in the No.1 Hall. The restored cave of the Upper Cave Man is in the No.2 Hall. The No.3 Hall contains a necklace made by the Upper Cave Man as well as a model of the distribution of amniotes fossils and the habitants of the ancient people. In the No.4 Hall are fossils of the ancient people found both in China and all over the world at different periods, stone tools and drawings, paintings and other artworks of the Paleolithic Period (旧石器时代)．
1．When you visit the Zhoukoudian Relics Museum of palaeoanthropology, you will know about ________.
A．what was the life of the Peking Man like
B．what happened 600,000 years ago
C．the Xindong Man existed earlier than the Peking Man
D．the Peking Man was more developed than the Upper Cave Man
解析：选A 细节理解题。周口店古人类学博物馆系统地介绍了北京人、新洞人和山顶洞人的生活和生存环境。
2．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The Peking Man lived before the Xindong Man.
B．The Xindong Man relics was discovered earlier than the Upper Cave Man.
C．The discovery of the three fossilized skulls of the Upper Cave Man shook the world.
D．It is Jia Lanpo who discovered the Xindong Man relics.
解析：选A 细节理解题。北京人距今六十万年，新洞人距今十万年。
3．Zhoukoudian was listed in the Protected Cultural Relics by the State Council of China and World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO because ________.
A．the people living there tens of millions of years ago were the oldest in the world
B．the people living there were the only ones living in China tens of millions of years ago
C．the discoveries found there are still very important for research nowadays
D．no Paleolithic relics were found in other places in China
解析：选C 细节理解题。周口店之所以被列入“受保护的文化遗产”和“世界文化遗产”名单是因为在那里的发现为研究原始人提供了重要的资料。
4．The article is mostly ________.
A．a news report by a journalist after interviewing anthropologists
B．an introduction to the Zhoukoudian Relics Museum of palaeoanthropology
C．in a text book written for students
D．a research report made by anthropologists
解析：选B 主旨大意题。文章的第一段介绍了周口店古人类学博物馆的地点、建造时间和主要功能；第二段介绍了周口店古人类遗址发现的时间及被列入“受保护的文化遗产”和“世界文化遗产”名单的原因；第三段介绍了博物馆四个展厅陈列的主要物品。
B
When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him.His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.Most of all, he was happier.Far happier.
These are the findings of a 40 year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.“Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
Vaillant's study followed these males in great detail.Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47.Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men's mental health scores with their boyhood activity scores.Points were awarded for part time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.
Working — at any age — is important.Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.Yet work isn't everything.As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章根据一个叫John的男孩的事例并结合一项实验表明，从小帮忙做家务和其他事情的孩子，长大后会更快乐，甚至非常出色。
5．What do we know about John
A．He received little love from his family.
B．He had few childhood playmates.
C．He enjoyed his career and marriage.
D．He was envied by others in his childhood.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.”可知，约翰享受工作和婚姻带来的快乐。故选C。
6．Vaillant's words in Paragraph 2 serve as ________.
A．a description of personal values and social values
B．an analysis of how work was related to competence
C．an example for parents' expectations of their children
D．an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
解析：选D 推理判断题。第二段的第二句“The study showed that those ... than those who had not.”告诉我们，小时候劳动的男孩要比不劳动的男孩成年后更能享受生活且更富有创造性，后面紧接着引用Vaillant的话来进一步解释为什么有些男孩成年后会享受快乐的生活。故选D。
7．Vaillant's team got their findings by ________.
A．recording the boys' effort in school
B．comparing different sets of scores
C．evaluating the men's mental health
D．measuring the men's problem solving ability
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第三段中“the researchers compared the men's mental health scores with their boyhood activity scores”可知，Vaillant的团队通过比较几组不同的得分情况得出了他们的结论。故选B。
8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Competent adults know more about love than work.
B．Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C．Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D．Independence is the key to one's success.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”可知，孩提时代的劳动能够培养一个人多方面的能力，这些能力正是情感健康的基础，同时也能帮助他们过上更快乐的生活。由此可推断出情感健康对享受精彩的成年生活十分重要。故选B。
Ⅳ.语法填空
The Taj Mahal is considered to be one of the most beautiful buildings in the world, __1__ shows its different beauty with the sunlight changing its color during the day, so __2__ (technical) you can make a visit anytime of the day.
However, sunrise is the best time as the monument is like a blooming flower when the day breaks. Moreover, visiting in the early morning, you can avoid not only the heat but the __3__ (crowd). For those people in pursuit of some perfect shots and don't want to wait too long, getting up earlier can be very __4__ (reward)．
In addition, a sunset visit is also a nice __5__ (choose) if you are not a morning person. The temperature becomes cooler __6__ the burning afternoon and the monument __7__ (surround) by soft silver light. Usually there are more visitors at sunset than sunrise; it takes patience __8__ (capture) some good pictures.
If you happen to be in Agra on the full moon day __9__ 2 days before/after, a night visit to the Taj Mahal is also available. Unlike what you see in the daytime, __10__ outline of the structure against the dark sky and moonlight is full of peace and magic.
语篇解读：有人说，不看泰姬陵就不算到过印度。的确，在世人眼中，泰姬陵就是印度的代名词。那么一天中什么时间看泰姬陵更能欣赏它的美呢？
1.which 这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Taj Mahal，并且引导词在从句中作主语，故用which。
2．technically 分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子，因此用副词。technically表示“严格来说”。
3．crowds 由语境和常识可知，此处表示人群，而且人群不止一个，故用其复数形式。
4．rewarding 分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，故用形容词形式rewarding意为“值得的”。
5．choice 空前有“a nice”，故填名词。
6．after 本句中的“cooler”说明傍晚的温度要低一些，而且sunset是在炽热的下午之后。
7．is surrounded 句子的主语monument与surround是动宾关系，再联系全文的时态可知用一般现在时的被动语态。
8．to capture 这里考查了it takes ...to do ... 句式，因此用不定式。
9．or 此处表示“如果你碰巧在月圆的那天或者在此之前或之后的两天在Agra”。故用or表示“或者”。
10．the 分析句子结构可知，空处表示特指，故用定冠词the。PAGE
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课时跟踪检测（三） Grammar & Writing
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．With a fat lady seated (seat) next to me, I couldn't move a bit on the seat.
2．Three fourths of the surface of the earth is (be) covered with water.
3．It had been half an hour before she found herself walking (walk) in the wrong direction of her home.
4．A number of wounded people were sent to the hospital just now. The number of them was about three hundred. (be)
5．Since the boy always travelled with us, we had him go (go) along as usual.
6．The game is very boring — no teacher and no student is (be) going to take part in it.
7．The doctor will not permit him to_walk (walk) until his foot is better.
8．The problem is so difficult that neither the teacher nor his students are (be) able to work it out.
9．The famous writer and student is (be) a young man, who is very strict in his study.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我们推荐你主持这项工程。
We recommend you to_take_charge_of_the_project.
2．从那时起，我既没有收到他的信件，也没有听说过他。
I neither heard_from_him from then on, nor did_I_hear_of_him.
3．黄油面包是西方人喜爱的食品。
Butter and bread is_a_kind_of_popular_food in the West.
4．是他们愿意在我遇到麻烦的时候帮助我。
It was they that were_ready_to_help_me in time of trouble.
5．他的一番话让我深思。
His words left_me_thinking deeply.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The Hanging Gardens were one of Babylon's greatest attractions, according to Greek historians. Yet it is still a great secret of how they were built such a long time ago.
They were one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, yet no one knows for sure whether they existed. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were a wonder to look at, according to anyone who saw them and wrote about them. Greek writers were certainly impressed by them. Yet where were they, and why were they built
Historians are fairly certain that they know the answer to the first question: Where were they Recent excavations (发掘) of the ancient city of Babylon have showed us a likely possibility that the Gardens weren't really hanging but were on high rooftops, giving the wrong idea of hanging in the sky. It has been suggested that the plants that filled the rooftop garden had vined (长成藤蔓) so long that they covered the building walls, giving the impression that the plants hung in the middle of the air. In fact, the name comes from a misapprehension of the Greek word “kremastos” or the Latin word “pensilis”， which means not just “hanging”， but “overhanging” as in the case of a terrace (平台)．
One of the most common mysteries has been how the plants were watered. Babylon, after all, is in the middle of a desert. Excavations in recent years have clearly explained this question. Archaeologists (考古学家) now think that a kind of watering system was designed, which is like our modern conveyor belt (传送带). No such thing has been found, of course, but the evidence that has been found fits in with this guess.
1．What can we learn about the Hanging Gardens
A．The vines were too long to deal with.
B．People regarded them as the greatest attractions.
C．People got a wrong idea about them.
D．They were hung in the middle of the air.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段“Recent excavations of the ...wrong idea of hanging in the sky.”可知，关于空中花园，人们的理解是不对的。
2．The underlined word “misapprehension” in the third paragraph means ________.
A．miscounting B．misspending
C．mistreating D．misunderstanding
解析：选D 词义猜测题。由第三段“which means not just ‘hanging’， but ‘overhanging’ as in the case of a terrace.”可推知，此处是说空中花园这个名字源于对不同国家词汇的误解。
3．It was hard to water the plants around the Hanging Gardens because ________.
A．few people lived nearby
B．they were in the middle of a desert
C．nobody knew the exact place
D．they were built too high
解析：选B 细节理解题。由最后一段“One of the most ...the middle of a desert.”可知，对空中花园周围植物灌溉难是因为古巴比伦处于沙漠之中。
4．What's the main idea of the passage
A．It describes the seven wonders of the ancient world.
B．It shows the achievements of archaeologists.
C．It explains the certain answers from historians.
D．It introduces Babylon's Hanging Gardens.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。由文章内容对古巴比伦空中花园的介绍可推知答案。
B
Climate change will force exhausted birds migrating (迁徙) to Europe from Africa to travel further, according to a new study.
The annual voyage of some species, which fly north in search of food and suitable habitats, could increase by as much as 400 kilometres, the research found. “Marathon migrations for some birds are set to become even longer，” said Stephen Willis, a professor at Durham University in Britain and the main architect of the study. “This is bad news for birds like the Whitethroat, a common farmland bird. The added distance is a great threat. As temperatures rise and habitats change, birds will face their biggest challenge since the Pleistocene era, which ended 11,000 years ago，” he said in a statement.
About 500 million birds migrate each year from Africa, some weighing as little as nine grams. To complete a voyage that can be thousands of kilometres long, birds have to fatten themselves up to twice their normal weight. Some even shrink (收缩) their internal organs (内脏) to become more fuel efficient, so any additional distance may be dangerous.
The study, which is published in a journal, finds that from 2071 to 2100, 9 out of 17 species examined are going to face longer migrations, particularly birds that cross the Sahara Desert. Some birds traverse the Sahara and the Mediterranean Sea in one go, while others have a break in northern Africa before crossing. Many fly at night, when temperatures are cooler.
A few birds — such as the Blackcap — have started to adapt by spending winters in Britain, but such behaviour is rare, the study says. The study predicts that the migration distance of the Orphean Warbler will jump from 2,700 kilometres to between 3,050 and 3,350 kilometres, with even longer increases for the Subalpine and Barred Warblers.
5．Some birds migrate to Europe from Africa to ________.
A．find food and suitable habitats
B．avoid being caught by hunters
C．build new homes for their babies
D．escape from the crowded Africa
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“fly north in search of food and suitable habitats”可知，一些鸟迁徙是为了寻找食物和合适的栖息地。
6．To complete the marathon migrations, some birds have to do all of the following things EXCEPT ________.
A．becoming smaller
B．putting on more weight
C．reducing the size of their internal organs
D．flying at night when temperatures are cooler
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“birds have to fatten themselves up to twice their normal weight. Some even shrink their internal organs to become more fuel efficient”和第四段中的“Many fly at night, when temperatures are cooler”可知，一些候鸟为了完成马拉松式的迁徙路程需要做的事包括B、C、D三项，只有A项不符合。
7．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．About 500 million birds migrate each year from Africa.
B．9 out of 17 bird species examined will face longer migrations in the next decade.
C．Most birds have started to spend winters in Britain except for the Blackcap.
D．The migration distance of the Subalpine and Barred Warblers will increase by 650 kilometres.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“About 500 million birds migrate each year from Africa”可知应选A。
8．The underlined word “traverse” in the fourth paragraph probably means “________”．
A．live in B．leave for
C．cross D．visit
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“particularly birds that cross the Sahara Desert”可以猜测出traverse意为“横穿，横跨”。PAGE
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课时跟踪检测（四） Project
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They were marching (前进) forward despite the heavy rain because they had to reach the destination before dark.
2. We enjoy seeing the glorious (辉煌的) beams of the rising sun.
3. His piano playing has vastly (极大地) improved since last year.
4. Such books poison (毒害) the minds of the young.
5．He doesn't know what is waiting ahead (在前面) of him.
6．We judge a worker on the basis (基础) of his performance.
7．Here are 20 strange facts of history that you are probably not aware (意识到的) of.
8．At the trial (审讯), she changed her previous statement.
Ⅱ.选词填空
have enough of， be aware of， aside from， think of ... as， come down with， ahead of， stand in one's way
1．To me, everything seems to be discouraging. I can see no bright future ahead_of me.
2．Don't you see I am very busy now Don't stand_in_my_way.
3．He plays football so well that he is thought_of_as a footballer.
4．Aside_from a few scratches, I'm OK.
5．I'm coming_down_with a fever.
6．All the people are_aware_of the harm of smoking.
7．It's useless. We have already had_enough_of the activity now.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．给病人检查时，他看上去非常严肃。
When_examining_a_patient,_he looked very serious.
2．毫无疑问，我们国家在全世界起着重要的作用。
There_is_no_doubt_that our country plays an important part in the world.
3．由于双方都不愿意让步，因此没有达成协议。
Since_neither_side_would_give_in,_they didn't reach an agreement.
4．在即将到来的考试中，将要测试你们的分析能力。
In the exam to_come,_you will be tested on the ability to analyse.
Ⅳ.完形填空
Tim, a blind and deaf man, boarded a six hour flight, travelling from Boston to Los Angeles by himself. He __1__ on board as no one was able to communicate with him. After flight attendants (服务人员) looked for anyone __2__ sign language, Clara Daly came to Tim's __3__ and talked to him in the only way he knew. Signing each __4__ letter, Clara was able to have a __5__ with him. Her heartwarming act __6__ the attention of a passenger Lynette Scribner, who recorded the whole thing.
The flight attendants __7__ wanted to help him, but had no way to __8__. They took his hands and __9__ so hard to communicate with him, but to no avail (没用). Those sitting next to Tim __10__ helped get his food and coffee and __11__ him to the toilet. That was when this lovely young woman __12__. Clara learned American Sign Language because she had dyslexia (诵读困难) and it was the __13__ foreign language for her to learn. So for the rest of the flight, she took care of Tim and made sure his needs were __14__. She signed one __15__ at a time into his hand. He was able to __16__ her signing and they carried on a lively conversation.
Lynette was touched by the strangers' __17__ as everyone did their best to help Tim. She said, “All of us in the __18__ rows enjoyed his pleasure of having someone to __19__. Actually it was a beautiful __20__ that there are still kind hearted people who are willing to help others.”
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了双目失明且失聪的Tim在飞机上得到Clara Daly和其他乘客帮助的故事。
1．A.escaped B．suffered
C．walked D．failed
解析：选B 根据上文“Tim, a blind and deaf man”可知，Tim在飞机上无法与其他人交流，感到很不适。
2．A.knowing B．writing
C．inventing D．teaching
解析：选A 由上文“no one was able to communicate with him”可知，空乘人员想找一个懂手语的人。
3．A.offer B．call
C．mind D．help
解析：选D 根据上文内容可知，Tim需要别人帮助，所以Clara Daly过来帮忙。
4．A.funny B．strange
C．single D．large
解析：选C 根据上文内容可知，Clara把每一个字母比划出来，从而和Tim进行交流。
5．A.conversation B．discussion
C．meeting D．fight
解析：选A 参考上题解析。
6．A.fixed B．needed
C．caught D．missed
解析：选C 由下文“who recorded the whole thing”可知，Clara感人的行为引起了Lynette Scribner的注意。
7．A.shyly B．sincerely
C．suddenly D．finally
解析：选B 根据下文可知，空乘人员真心想帮助Tim，但是无法和他交流。
8．A.communicate B．follow
C．change D．settle
解析：选A 参考上题解析。
9．A.prepared B．determined
C．learned D．tried
解析：选D 根据上文“wanted to help him”可知，空乘人员想帮助他，所以他们尽力和他交流，但是没用。
10．A.just B．still
C．also D．ever
解析：选C 坐在Tim旁边的乘客也帮他领取食物和咖啡，还带他去卫生间。
11．A.led B．pushed
C．carried D．drove
解析：选A 参考上题解析。
12．A.answered B．continued
C．disagreed D．appeared
解析：选D 正在Tim需要帮助的时候，Clara出现了。
13．A.funniest B．easiest
C．best D．newest
解析：选B 由“she had dyslexia”可知，对于Clara来说，美式手语是最容易学习的语言。
14．A.made B．divided
C．met D．noticed
解析：选C 根据下文“everyone did their best to help Tim”可知，Clara照顾Tim，确保他的需要得到满足。
15．A.letter B．mark
C．vocabulary D．usage
解析：选A 根据上文内容可知，Clara每次比划一个字母。
16．A.feel B．hear
C．accept D．read
解析：选D 由下文“they carried on a lively conversation”可知，Tim能够理解Clara的手语。
17．A.honesty B．kindness
C．expression D．happiness
解析：选B 根据上文内容可知，Lynette被大家的善行所感动。
18．A.short B．middle
C．neighboring D．straight
解析：选C 根据上文“Those sitting next to Tim”可知，坐在Tim旁边的人们都为有人和他交流而感到开心。
19．A.move to B．reply to
C．agree to D．talk to
解析：选D 参考上题解析。
20．A.idea B．example
C．accident D．suggestion
解析：选B 由下文内容可知，本文讲述了一个很好的助人为乐的事例。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Lao Zi, also Li Dan by name, lived in late Spring and Autumn Period. He was from the state of Chu. He was a knowledgeable person that even the great Confucius had once consulted (咨询) him on things that he couldn't understand as a young man. Lao Zi wrote the book Dao De Jing, the classic for Daoism.
“Dao” is the core (核心) of Lao Zi's philosophy. “Dao” in its original meaning, is a road that leads to all directions. Lao Zi gave a new meaning to it. By the word Dao, he means it is the basic element (元素，成分) or root that can give birth to all things, and at the same time, it is independent of all other things.
Lao Zi believed that things are established in their antithetical (对立的) relationship. We can see the positive (积极的) side of the things and at the same time, we should also see the negative (消极的) side of them. When the opposite side develops to the extreme, it will have to turn to the other side. When things reach their prime (鼎盛时期), they have to decline.
He also believed that quantity changes could lead to quality changes. For example, a small seed could grow into a tall tree. He encouraged people that continued efforts will eventually bring about success.
Lao Zi was against wars and over taxation (征税) from the ruling class. His Utopia (理想国) is: a small state with a small population. Everything would be so convenient that people could go about their life without the need for carriages and boats. People eat well and dress finely. Two states could be very near that each could hear the noise from the other side, but never in their life should they have the necessity of exchange with each other. There's not even the need for writings.
Lao Zi's philosophy later had a great influence on later philosophers.
1．Confucius had once consulted Lao Zi on things, which showed that Lao Zi ________.
A．was famous B．was hard working
C．knew a lot D．liked to help others
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“He was a knowledgeable person that even the great Confucius had once consulted him”可知，因为他是一位有学问的人，所以孔子向他咨询问题。故选C。
2．Lao Zi thought “Dao” ________.
A．is the root of all things B．is the end of all things
C．only means a road D．means nothing
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段的“By the word Dao, he means it is the basic element or root that can give birth to all things”可知，老子认为道是万物的根本。
3．Which of the following can be the belief of Lao Zi
A．When misfortune reaches the limit, good fortune is at hand.
B．A bad thing never dies.
C．A close mouth catches no flies.
D．Actions speak louder than words.
解析：选A 推理判断题。A项表示“否极泰来”；B项表示“坏事传千年”；C项表示“病从口入，祸从口出”；D项表示“事实胜于雄辩”。根据第三段可知，老子认为事物之间是对立的。故A项正确。
4．Which of the following ideas is Lao Zi for
A．People dress well in a big country with a small population.
B．People dress well in a small country with a large population.
C．People dress well in a small country with a small population.
D．People are taxed by the ruling class.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段的“His Utopia is: a small state with a small population.”和“People eat well and dress finely.”可知。
Ⅵ.阅读七选五
In recent years, research on the human brain has been attracting more and more scientists. __1__ If we compare a human brain to a hard disc (硬盘), what the scientists are doing is to make better use of the hard disc.
Experiments have started on animals. In 1999, a transplant (移植) experiment was done at the Defense and Military Physiology Research Institute in the U．S. and turned a bear into a dolphin (海豚). __2__ They were made of the memory area in the dolphin's brain containing information about swimming. They obtained a series of useful information, which was saved into a button sized chip (芯片). Later the information was transplanted into the action memory area in the bear's brain. __3__ It proved to be a highly successful experiment and a bear was turned into a dolphin.
Not long ago, another memory transplant was performed at the Mot or Nerve Research Institute of the University of California. The experiment had an entire transplant of the memory area. __4__ The transplant was performed from a dog named “Genius” to a dog named “Idiot”. “Genius” could understand and follow up to 100 gestures and orders made by its master. It was a real genius in memorizing. However, “Idiot” had no contact with people at all since its birth. It became an animal with nothing in its brain, without any memory.
__5__ When the two dogs woke up, “Idiot” had grasped all the abilities “Genius” had; it was good at memorizing and sensible. It could follow every gesture and any command given by its master. But “Genius” gave no response to its master, and in fact did not recognize him at all.
A．The experiment was a complete success.
B．Then it was released (释放) by means of electric power.
C．One of the latest research topics is how to change the human brain or combine it with the computer.
D．Different images have different meanings in the memory area.
E．It included actions, moods, logic, words, images, etc.
F．Discoveries show that messages are carried by the central nervous system in the brain.
G．Using the most advanced technology, detailed images were produced.
语篇解读：本文讲述了科学家对人脑的研究，主要讲述了对人脑移植的研究和在动物身上的实验。
1．选C 根据“If we compare a human brain to a hard disc (硬盘)”，如果我们把人脑比作硬盘，C选项“最新的一个研究是如何改变人脑或者把人脑和电脑连在一起”，符合，故选C。
2．选G 根据“They were made of the memory area in the dolphin's brain containing information about swimming”它们是由海豚脑中包含游泳信息的记忆区域形成的，G选项“使用最先进的技术能产生细化的图像”，符合，选择G。
3．选B 根据“Later the information was transplanted into the action memory area in the bear's brain.”信息被移入熊脑中的行动记忆区，B选项“它通过电能被释放”，符合，故选B。
4．选E 根据The experiment had an entire transplant of the memory area.实验对记忆区进行了整个的移植 ，E选项“它包括了行动、情绪、逻辑、语言、图像”等 ，符合，故选E。
5．选A 根据When the two dogs woke up, “Idiot” had grasped all the abilities “Genius” had两只狗醒来时，愚蠢的那只掌握了聪明的那只的所有能力 ，A选项“实验很成功符合”，故选A。PAGE
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课时跟踪检测（一）Welcome to the unit & Reading — Language points
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's good to get back to civilization (文明) after living in a tent in the remote area for two weeks.
2．When was the new city founded (建立)
3．Unfortunately (不幸的是), we arrived too late to catch the plane.
4．Blood was pouring (流出) from the wound.
5．They found the body buried beneath (在……下面) the sand.
6．The volcano Fuji in Japan hasn't erupted (喷发) for many years.
7．It would be a disaster (灾难) if I lost my job.
8．With its natural resources, it is potentially a very wealthy (富有的) country.
9．He graduated from a famous foreign language institute(研究所)．
10．Building materials (材料) are more and more expensive nowadays.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．原来这几个孩子是在森林里玩的时候迷路了。
It_turned_out_that the few children got lost when playing in the forest.
2．这个孩子离家出走了几天，回来时又冷又饿。
The child had been away from home for several days, so he returned cold_and_hungry.
3．你忙着接管一家又一家的公司。如果你继续这样的话，你的身体迟早会垮掉的。
You are busy taking_over one company after another. If you go on like this, you will break_down sooner or later.
4．他们的家庭毁于战火，他们的房子也一样。
Their families were destroyed in the war, and so_were_their_houses.
5．我们没有动老板桌子上的任何东西，让它们保持原样。
We didn't disturb anything on our boss' desk, leaving them as_they_were.
Ⅲ.完形填空
It is 2,000 years since the Chinese began to make paper. __1__ everybody knows, paper was one of the most important __2__ in Chinese history. It is because of the invention that __3__ of Chinese history was kept. However, in __4__ parts of the world, much of the history over hundreds of years is __5__ because they had no paper in these countries.
Can you __6__ that ancient Chinese people used to __7__ records by putting many stones together in the old days As writing was developed, words were __8__ on animal bones, later on metal pots, examples of these have been __9__ from the 16th to the 3rd centuries BC. __10__ the second and the fifth centuries AD, words were written on pieces of bamboo or __11__. Maybe you have seen the __12__ books, which was made of pieces of bamboo or wood on which words were written.
About 2,000 years __13__， another kind of paper was __14__， which was made from __15__. It was much __16__ to write and draw on it than bamboo or wood, but it was too expensive, so people made a kind of paper from fibers of __17__， such as the outside of trees, and from pieces of old clothes. This kind of paper was as __18__ as silk but much cheaper.
It is in the first century __19__ the making of paper had been well developed in China. In the 18th century a papermaking __20__ was built in the Middle East. And later on, Spain, Russia and America began to make paper as well.
语篇解读：纸是中国古代的四大发明之一。正是由于它的发明，许多中国历史才得以保存。那么，书写究竟经历了怎样的发展，才最终落到了纸上呢？
1．A.As B．Like
C．Therefore D．Thus
解析：选A as为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，指的是后面主句的内容，可译为“正如(As)大家所知道的那样”。
2．A.deeds B．discoveries
C．characters D．inventions
解析：选D 根据后面一句话中的invention可知此处为inventions。
3．A.many B．few
C．little D．much
解析：选D 根据句意“由于有了这项发明，许多(much)中国历史才得以保存”可知选much；下文中的much of也是提示。
4．A.all B．some
C．any D．other
解析：选D in other parts of the world“在世界的其他地方”，此处是泛指。
5．A.known B．unknown
C．remained D．puzzled
解析：选B 根据后面的原因状语从句可知：没有纸就没有历史的记载，也就不知道(unknown)以前的历史，故用unknown。
6．A.think B．trust
C．imagine D．consider
解析：选C imagine“想象”。
7．A.keep B．create
C．write D．break
解析：选A 文章讲的是书写的历史，所以用keep records，意为“记录信息”。create, write和break在此处意思不符合。
8．A.written B．drawn
C．carved D．printed
解析：选C 此处句意为“随着书写的发展，字被刻(carve)在了兽骨上”，所以此处用carved。
9．A.seen B．looked
C．glanced D．stared
解析：选A 从公元前16世纪到公元前3世纪，字都是刻在兽骨或是金属制品上。这里用seen表示现代人看到的结果。
10．A.Between B．From
C．In D．On
解析：选A between ...and ...意为“在……和……之间”。
11．A.paper B．stones
C．bone D．wood
解析：选D 从下面一句来看，应为wood。句意为“在公元2世纪和5世纪之间，人们把文字写在竹片或木头(wood)上”。
12．A.earliest B．thickest
C．helpful D．biggest
解析：选A 联系上下文来看，只有“最早的(earliest)”书才能写在竹片和木头上，所以此处用earliest。
13．A.before B．ago
C．later D．after
解析：选B ago是以“现在”为起点，before是以“过去”为起点，这里是指大约2 000年“前(ago)”。
14．A.developed B．being invented
C．appeared D．discovered
解析：选A 句意：大约2 000年前，另一种纸“产生(develop)”了。从上文中writing was developed也能得到暗示。
15．A.wood B．silk
C．cloth D．bamboo
解析：选B 联系上文来看，可以排除bamboo和wood；联系下文来看，以后出现的纸是用cloth做的，所以可排除cloth；根据后面的too expensive可以断定此处为silk。
16．A.harder B．convenient
C．easier D．slower
解析：选C 在丝绸上写和画比在竹片或木头上写和画“更容易(easier)”，故用easier。
17．A.cloth B．plants
C．animals D．skins
解析：选B 从后面的举例“树皮”来看，是用“植物(plant)”纤维造纸，所以选择plants。
18．A.hard B．good
C．gentle D．different
解析：选B 有了树皮和旧衣服当替代品，效果和丝绸一样“好(good)”，但是便宜得多，所以用good。
19．A.when B．that
C．what D．why
解析：选B It is ...that ...是强调句型。
20．A.company B．factory
C．house D．building
解析：选B 此处指的是“造纸厂”。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
My first visit to Angkor Wat was in 1980. The country had been at war for many years and the_temple_was_deserted and falling into pieces. Plants were growing out of the roofs, and trees were growing in the courtyards.
Today, the temple is the scene of a busy repair programme. A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians; most of them are women, who are cleaning, repairing and rebuilding parts of this temple.
As I walked through the courtyards, I noticed the Cambodian women devote hours to cleaning carefully a tiny area of stone. Boards are laid down to protect the precious painted stones while the repair work is going on. There are very few machines and little heavy equipment. Workers carry building materials in buckets at the end of long poles. Piles of stones lie in a corner of the courtyard, waiting to be replaced.
The work of cleaning the stones is watched over by three Indian chemists. It is a very slow task. First they clean the stones with brushes using buckets of a weak chemical. Then gaps between the stones are filled in. Finally another material is painted onto the stones which will protect them from water forever.
Work starts every day at 7 am and goes on until late afternoon six days a week, with a break at midday.
Evening is the best time to visit the temple, after the tour groups have left. As the sun sinks lower, shadows spread across the courtyard. After sunset, the sky turns pink. The grey stone towers take on a golden colour before turning pink. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place.
1．This passage mainly tells ________.
A．the poor look of the temple Angkor Wat in 1980
B．the history of the temple Angkor Wat
C．the repair work being done to the temple Angkor Wat
D．the difficulty in the repair work
解析：选C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了正在对吴哥窟进行的维修工作。所以选C。
2．According to the author, which of the following plays the LEAST important role in the repair work
A．The women workers.
B．The Indian workers.
C．Machines.
D．Skilled workers.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians; most of them are women, who are cleaning, repairing and rebuilding parts of this temple.”和第四段中的“The work of cleaning the stones is watched over by three Indian chemists.”可以看出A、B、D在维修工作中的作用；根据第三段中的“There are very few machines and little heavy equipment.”可知机械作用不大，所以选C。
3．The underlined sentence “the temple was deserted” possibly means that ________.
A．there was no one in the temple and it was in a poor state
B．the temple was built on desert and nobody noticed it
C．the temple was very old with a long history
D．the temple was repaired by the Cambodians; most of them are women
解析：选A 句意理解题。前文信息“The country had been at war for many years”点明国家经历了多年的战乱，后面出现“falling into pieces (崩裂)”以及“Plants were growing out of the roofs, and trees were growing in the courtyards. (屋顶杂草丛生，庭院树木遍布)”的状况，所以A项“寺庙无人在，状况破败不堪”符合文意，此处desert表示“舍弃，离弃”的意思。
4．Which work needs a lot of time
A．To get rid of certain types of plants.
B．To carry the building materials.
C．To replace the stones.
D．To clean the stones.
解析：选D 推理判断题。第四段前两句“The work of cleaning the stones is watched over by three Indian chemists. It is a very slow task.”表明清理石头的工作很慢。后文介绍了该项工作的三个步骤，所以选D。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
How to become a role model
A role model is someone who a person admires, respects and wishes to imitate. Here is how to be a role model.
__1__ If you see something you don't agree with, don't be afraid to stand up and say something. Others will take note of what you've done and remember it. By standing up for your beliefs, you're encouraging others to do the same.
Help other people in a variety of ways. For example, sign up for a program such as Big Brothers or help some new kids around your school. Many people would like to have someone to look up to, but simply don't. __2__
Act like yourself, not someone you're not. Many people think a role model is someone famous and outstanding. __3__ By being helpful, kind and most importantly, yourself, people will start to admire and look up to you.
__4__ Role models aren't admired because of their greatness, but rather the determination it takes to get there. Even if you're not the best, people will take notice of your hard work and devotion.
Think of who your role models are and the reason for that. __5__ For example, if your role model is a singer who has songs aiming at human rights, volunteering at a charity may achieve the same outcome. Others will take note of this behavior and begin to look up to you.
A．Work hard in everything that you do.
B．Stand up for the things in which you believe.
C．As a role model, you have to take your social responsibilities.
D．You can change this by becoming a helpful person in their life.
E．However, you don't have to be extraordinary to become a role model.
F．Analyze the reason you look up to someone and then imitate that behavior.
G．For example, if you're watching a younger kid being badly treated, help him out.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何成为榜样。
1．选B 由本段的内容可以概括出本段的主旨，即要坚守自己的信念，段落最后一句也点明了本段的主旨，所以此处选B项。
2．选D 本句承接上一句并与段落首句内容相呼应，所以选D选项。this 指代but simply don't (have someone to look up to)，又与下文中的helpful相呼应。
3．选E 本句与前一句形成语意上的转折并与段落首句内容相呼应，所以选E项。
4．选A 本段的最后一句点明了本段的主旨，即要努力做好每件事，所以选A项。
5．选F 第六段的主题句是“为什么会将其视为偶像”，空后为具体例子，由此可以推断此处为承上启下的连接句，所以选F项。
