2023届高考英语复习名词性从句课件 （30张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语复习名词性从句课件 （30张ppt) |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 6.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-01-06 23:18:41 | ||
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文档简介
(共30张PPT)
i
名词性从句
复习
目录
CONTENT
1
相关定义
2
主语从句
3
宾语从句
4
表语从句
5
同位语从句
相关定义
RELEVANT DEFINITIONS
1
定义及分类
定义
在句子中起名词作用的句子。
分类
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
连接词
连接代词
（从句缺成分）
who(人/主)；whom(人/宾)
what(物/主、宾、表)
which(“哪一个”，有选择范围)
whose(“谁的”+名词，表从属关系)
连接副词
（从句不缺成分）
表疑问：when(时间)where(地点)why(原因)how(方式)
表陈述：that(无成分，意义，只起关联作用)
表是否：whether,if
主语从句
SUBJECT CLAUSE
2
连接词
从属连词
that,whether,if
连接代词
what,who,which,whatever,
whoever,whom,whichever
连接副词
how,when,where,why
注意
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用
连接代词：主要做主，宾，表，定等
连接副词：在句中做状语
who,whom——人 what——物
whatever,whoever——泛指意义
形式主语常见句型
It be+名词+that从句
It’s a great pity that they didn’t get married.
It be+过去分词+that从句
It’s said that he has seen there many times.
It be+形容词+that从句
It’s splendid that you passed your exam.
It +不及物动词+that从句
It is suggested (requested,proposed,desired)that······
如何找主语从句
一、先找谓语，谓语前的句子就是主语从句。
二、it做形式主语，从句做真正的主语，即为主语从句。
That he will succeed is certain.
What we need is more time.
It is a pity that we lost a match.
that引导的主语从句
that不做成分，没有实际意义，在句首时不能省略，it做形式主语that不能省略。
that引导的主语从句，为了避免头重脚轻，通常用形式主语it代替主语从句。
That he will come is certain.
It is a certain (that) he will come.
whether/if引导的主语从句
意为“是否”，不做成分，不能省略，在句首只能用whether，不能用if。
使用形式主语it时,if/whether引导的名词性从句为真正的主语。
whether和or not连用时，不能用if代替。
Whether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
It depends on the weather whether/if we’ll go camping tomorrow.
连接代词引导的主语从句
起连接作用，不能省略，有实际意义，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。
whatever和whoever引导的主语从句不含疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句。
whatever=anything that
whoever=anyone who
What you said yesterday was right.
Who will go makes no difference.
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
连接副词引导的主语从句
起连接作用，不能省略，有实际意义，作状语。
Why he didn’t come yesterday is unknown.
How this happend is not clear.
When he will come is unknown.
=It is unknown when he will come.
(也可以转换为it做形式主语。)
宾语从句
OBJECT CLAUSE
3
定义
在主从复合句中充当宾语。
位置
位于及物动词，介词或谓语之后
分类
动词的宾语从句
介词的宾语从句
形容词的宾语从句
引导词
that
没有实际意义，不在从句中做任何成分，可省略。
eg:He said (that) he could come on time.
1
whether/if
whether/if引导的名从是有一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的。变成从句时，语序由原来的倒装变为陈述。
eg:Let’s know if you can finish the work before this week.
2
what/when/where/who
从句为陈述语序，且引导词不可省略。
eg:He didn’t tell me how long he could stay here.
3
重点
一、当主语是一般现在时，从句时态根据具体情况定。
I know that he studies English every day.
I know that he has studied English for 4 years.
二、当主句是一般过去时，从句必须用过去的某个时态。
He said that he would come the next day.
He said that he had finished the work for 2 weeks.
三、当从句是客观事实、真理时，用一般现在时。
He said that the sun rises in the east.
不能省略that的情况
1、主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语。
I hope,on the contrary,that he will stay at home with us.
2、宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语。
He told me that he would cime.
3、有多个并列宾语从句中，第一个可省that，后面的不能省。
He said (that) the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it.
不能省略that的情况
4、宾语从句的主语是this、that或被this、that修饰时。
The teacher said that that word was wrong.
5、it做形式主语，从句为真正的宾语时。
I think it necessary that he should stay here.
6、except、but等介词后的宾语从句，that不能省。
只能用whether的情况
1、在动词不定式前。
I can’t decide whether to stay.
2、介词后的宾语从句。
I’m thinking of whether we should go should.
3、宾语从句提前时，即置于句首表强调时。
Whether he lives there,I want to know.
4、与or not直接连用时。
I can’t say whether or not he will come on time.
I don’t know whether/if he will come or not.
5、动词discuss,leave,put,doubt后面的宾语从句常用whether。
表语从句
PREDICATIVE CLAUSE
4
表语
《名词做表语》
Africa is a big continent.
《代词做表语》
Who is your best friend
《形容词做表语》
I feel much better today.
《数词做表语》
She was the first to learn about it.
《不定式做表语》
Her job is to sell computers.
从句做表语
My dream is that I can travel around the world.
The reason why he was late was that he missed the car.
The reason why······is/was that······
······的原因是······
表语从句
1、that引导表语从句时不充当成分，无含义，通常不省略。
The fact is that he doesn’t really try.
注意：如果主语是要求，建议，命令等词，表语从句用“should+动词原形”（should可省略）
要求：request,requirement,insistence···
建议：idea,advice,suggestion,proposal, recommendation,notion···
命令：order,instruction···
2、whether引导表语从句（不能用“if”）
The question is whether the film is worth seeing.
3、连接代词、连接副词引导表语从句
The problem is who we can get to replace her.
That was when I was fifteen.
表语从句
4、as if/as though引导表语从句（常用虚拟语气）
She looks as if she were hungry.
It is not as though we were poor.
5、because引导表语从句
That’s because you can’t appreciate music.
She is very familiar with the film.This is because she has already seen the film.
6、because的同义词since/as/for不可以引导表语从句。
同位语从句
APPOSITIVE CLAUSE
5
同位语从句
定义：对前面的抽象名词进行解释说明；被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。
连接词：that,whether/what,who/how,when,where
if不能引导同位语从句。
跟同位语从句的名词：news,idea,fact,promise,doubt,thought,hope, massage,suggestion,decision,words(消息), evidence,conclusion,problem等。
同位语从句
There was no doubt that he is an honest man.
I have no idea what has happended to him.
有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，这是因为英语中的尾重原则（即不允许“头重脚轻”的现象存在。）
eg:The news is surprising that David hit boots,his classmate to the ground.
感谢观看
THANK YOU
i
名词性从句
复习
目录
CONTENT
1
相关定义
2
主语从句
3
宾语从句
4
表语从句
5
同位语从句
相关定义
RELEVANT DEFINITIONS
1
定义及分类
定义
在句子中起名词作用的句子。
分类
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
连接词
连接代词
（从句缺成分）
who(人/主)；whom(人/宾)
what(物/主、宾、表)
which(“哪一个”，有选择范围)
whose(“谁的”+名词，表从属关系)
连接副词
（从句不缺成分）
表疑问：when(时间)where(地点)why(原因)how(方式)
表陈述：that(无成分，意义，只起关联作用)
表是否：whether,if
主语从句
SUBJECT CLAUSE
2
连接词
从属连词
that,whether,if
连接代词
what,who,which,whatever,
whoever,whom,whichever
连接副词
how,when,where,why
注意
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用
连接代词：主要做主，宾，表，定等
连接副词：在句中做状语
who,whom——人 what——物
whatever,whoever——泛指意义
形式主语常见句型
It be+名词+that从句
It’s a great pity that they didn’t get married.
It be+过去分词+that从句
It’s said that he has seen there many times.
It be+形容词+that从句
It’s splendid that you passed your exam.
It +不及物动词+that从句
It is suggested (requested,proposed,desired)that······
如何找主语从句
一、先找谓语，谓语前的句子就是主语从句。
二、it做形式主语，从句做真正的主语，即为主语从句。
That he will succeed is certain.
What we need is more time.
It is a pity that we lost a match.
that引导的主语从句
that不做成分，没有实际意义，在句首时不能省略，it做形式主语that不能省略。
that引导的主语从句，为了避免头重脚轻，通常用形式主语it代替主语从句。
That he will come is certain.
It is a certain (that) he will come.
whether/if引导的主语从句
意为“是否”，不做成分，不能省略，在句首只能用whether，不能用if。
使用形式主语it时,if/whether引导的名词性从句为真正的主语。
whether和or not连用时，不能用if代替。
Whether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
It depends on the weather whether/if we’ll go camping tomorrow.
连接代词引导的主语从句
起连接作用，不能省略，有实际意义，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。
whatever和whoever引导的主语从句不含疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句。
whatever=anything that
whoever=anyone who
What you said yesterday was right.
Who will go makes no difference.
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
连接副词引导的主语从句
起连接作用，不能省略，有实际意义，作状语。
Why he didn’t come yesterday is unknown.
How this happend is not clear.
When he will come is unknown.
=It is unknown when he will come.
(也可以转换为it做形式主语。)
宾语从句
OBJECT CLAUSE
3
定义
在主从复合句中充当宾语。
位置
位于及物动词，介词或谓语之后
分类
动词的宾语从句
介词的宾语从句
形容词的宾语从句
引导词
that
没有实际意义，不在从句中做任何成分，可省略。
eg:He said (that) he could come on time.
1
whether/if
whether/if引导的名从是有一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的。变成从句时，语序由原来的倒装变为陈述。
eg:Let’s know if you can finish the work before this week.
2
what/when/where/who
从句为陈述语序，且引导词不可省略。
eg:He didn’t tell me how long he could stay here.
3
重点
一、当主语是一般现在时，从句时态根据具体情况定。
I know that he studies English every day.
I know that he has studied English for 4 years.
二、当主句是一般过去时，从句必须用过去的某个时态。
He said that he would come the next day.
He said that he had finished the work for 2 weeks.
三、当从句是客观事实、真理时，用一般现在时。
He said that the sun rises in the east.
不能省略that的情况
1、主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语。
I hope,on the contrary,that he will stay at home with us.
2、宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语。
He told me that he would cime.
3、有多个并列宾语从句中，第一个可省that，后面的不能省。
He said (that) the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it.
不能省略that的情况
4、宾语从句的主语是this、that或被this、that修饰时。
The teacher said that that word was wrong.
5、it做形式主语，从句为真正的宾语时。
I think it necessary that he should stay here.
6、except、but等介词后的宾语从句，that不能省。
只能用whether的情况
1、在动词不定式前。
I can’t decide whether to stay.
2、介词后的宾语从句。
I’m thinking of whether we should go should.
3、宾语从句提前时，即置于句首表强调时。
Whether he lives there,I want to know.
4、与or not直接连用时。
I can’t say whether or not he will come on time.
I don’t know whether/if he will come or not.
5、动词discuss,leave,put,doubt后面的宾语从句常用whether。
表语从句
PREDICATIVE CLAUSE
4
表语
《名词做表语》
Africa is a big continent.
《代词做表语》
Who is your best friend
《形容词做表语》
I feel much better today.
《数词做表语》
She was the first to learn about it.
《不定式做表语》
Her job is to sell computers.
从句做表语
My dream is that I can travel around the world.
The reason why he was late was that he missed the car.
The reason why······is/was that······
······的原因是······
表语从句
1、that引导表语从句时不充当成分，无含义，通常不省略。
The fact is that he doesn’t really try.
注意：如果主语是要求，建议，命令等词，表语从句用“should+动词原形”（should可省略）
要求：request,requirement,insistence···
建议：idea,advice,suggestion,proposal, recommendation,notion···
命令：order,instruction···
2、whether引导表语从句（不能用“if”）
The question is whether the film is worth seeing.
3、连接代词、连接副词引导表语从句
The problem is who we can get to replace her.
That was when I was fifteen.
表语从句
4、as if/as though引导表语从句（常用虚拟语气）
She looks as if she were hungry.
It is not as though we were poor.
5、because引导表语从句
That’s because you can’t appreciate music.
She is very familiar with the film.This is because she has already seen the film.
6、because的同义词since/as/for不可以引导表语从句。
同位语从句
APPOSITIVE CLAUSE
5
同位语从句
定义：对前面的抽象名词进行解释说明；被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。
连接词：that,whether/what,who/how,when,where
if不能引导同位语从句。
跟同位语从句的名词：news,idea,fact,promise,doubt,thought,hope, massage,suggestion,decision,words(消息), evidence,conclusion,problem等。
同位语从句
There was no doubt that he is an honest man.
I have no idea what has happended to him.
有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，这是因为英语中的尾重原则（即不允许“头重脚轻”的现象存在。）
eg:The news is surprising that David hit boots,his classmate to the ground.
感谢观看
THANK YOU