备考2023高考英语-(核心单词默写过关+改错解析+单句改错+短文改错)-每日一练 4
核心单词-默写过关
1:_________- adj舒适的,使人舒服的→_________adv舒服地,舒适地→_____________-.adj不舒适的→___________ adv不舒适地→__________ n舒适,安逸→___________n安慰,慰藉
2:__________ adj(在空间,时间上)接近→__________ adv靠近地,接近地
3:___________adj差的,坏的→_________adv非常,很(比较级______,最高级_________)
4:___________. adv便宜地,低廉地→__________ adj便宜的
5:__________. v选择,挑选→__________. n选择→__________. adj精选的
6:__________. n记者→__________v报到
7:___________ n服务,接待→__________ v为…..服务→__________ n仆人
8:__________. v扮演/ n表演者→__________ n男演员→____________ n女演员
9:___________. adj有创造性的→_________ v创造→________ n创造者,造物主
10:_________ n表演者,演员→_________- v表演→___________ n表演
11:___________. n魔术师→__________ adj魔幻的
12:_______ adv美好地,漂亮地→_________adj漂亮的→_______n美丽,漂亮
13:___________ n获胜者,优胜者→_________v.赢得
14:___________adj贫穷的,清贫的→____________. n贫困,贫穷→
15:__________adj人多的,拥挤的,挤满的→____________. v挤满
答案:
1:comfortable. adj舒适的,使人舒服的→comfortably. adv舒服地,舒适地→uncomfortable.adj不舒适的→uncomfortably. adv不舒适地→comfort. n舒适,安逸→comfort. n安慰,慰藉
2:close. adj(在空间,时间上)接近→closely. adv靠近地,接近地
3:bad. adj差的,坏的→badly. adv非常,很(比较级worse,最高级worst)
4:cheaply. adv便宜地,低廉地→cheap. adj便宜的
5:choose. v选择,挑选→choice. n选择→choice. adj精选的
6:reporter. n记者→report. v报到
7:service. n服务,接待→serve. v为…..服务→servant. n仆人
8:act. v扮演/ n表演者→actor. n男演员→actress. n女演员
9:creative. adj有创造性的→create. v创造→creator. n创造者,造物主
10:performer. n表演者,演员→perform. v表演→performance. n表演
11:magician. n魔术师→magic. adj魔幻的
12:beautifully. adv美好地,漂亮地→beautiful. adj漂亮的→beauty. n美丽,漂亮
13:winner. n获胜者,优胜者→win. v.赢得
14:poor. adj贫穷的,清贫的→poverty. n贫困,贫穷→
15:crowded. adj人多的,拥挤的,挤满的→crowd. v挤满
短文改错-解题方法
增强语感,宏观把握
短文改错是一种综合技能,主要在于检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章中错误以及在语篇中综合运用英语知识准确性的能力。
短文改错与书面表达一样,最能反映一个人的语言功底。考生在该题上失分最厉害,因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。
一、短文改错的复习重点
1、考生必须熟悉设错方式:多词、少词、错词。⑴ 多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。⑵ 少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。⑶ 错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。
2、考生平时应加强基本功训练,用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下,以便考前复习。
二、对全文的宏观把握
学生应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解,这样能对短文有个宏观把握,对上下文有全面的了解。
在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读,分析判断,上下兼顾,把明显的、拿的准的题先做完,这样可以缩小包围圈,也有助于对全文的进一步理解。
三、从语法角度审查
1、查看时态是否一致。My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. 全文都是用的一般现在时,此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符,应改为am。
2、查看主谓是否一致。Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. cost应改为costs,因其主语是it(为形式主语),且上下文均为一般现在时。
3、查指代是否一致。The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人,因此指示代词his应改为their。
4、查平行结构是否平行一致。由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. 句中的drove显然与and前面的to meet不平行,应改为drive。
5、查名词的单复数与修饰词语或上下文是否一致。We study quite a few subject, such as Maths, Chinese... quite a few 只能修饰复数名词,故subject应改为subjects。
6、查行文逻辑是否一致。Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.根据行文逻辑,这里不应该由since来引导原因状语从句,而应该是when / whenever或if来引导时间或条件状语从句。
四、十大常见错误
短文改错是有一定的规律可循的,纵观近几年的高考试题及我们平常的模拟考试,可以发现短文改错主要有以下十大错误:
1、形容词与副词的误用。如exciting与excited,hard与hardly,possible与possibly,here与there等,以及形容词与副词的比较级与最高级。
2、名词的单复数误用。如在several,many,various,different,a few,one of等之后,常用名词的复数,在every与each之后常用单数。
3、代词的误用。如you与your,it’s与its,it与they或them,one与ones,宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。
4、介词的误用、缺少或多余。常见的如in 与on,to与for,instead与instead of,because与because of等的误用。
5、时态的错误。看一篇文章,要有一种大局观,要上前下挂,看看上下文的时态是否一致。
6、连词的误用。如or与and的误用,and与but的误用,so与but的误用,because或since与so连用,though与but连用等。
7、第三人称单数后的动词形式。
8、一些固定结构的误用。如so...that被误用作very...that,too...to被误用very...to,as...as被误作so...as等。
9、定语从句中关系词的误用。
10、 一些常用词的误用。如what与how,except与besides,any与some以及它们的合成词如anything与something,anywhere与somewhere等混淆不清。
五、验证答案
改完后,要回过头来重读一遍全文,查看改过后是否能使语气通顺,时态一致,合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力,仔细推敲,使答案更加准确。
单句改错-练习1
Injured in hand, the man found it difficult to hold the box in the place.
Students should apply themselves to improve their skills.
It’s vital that a successful movie pays much attention to its theme and the figures’ characters.
It is known to all that if you work out regularly, you won’t keep fit.
Under the aid of the doctor, Joe was back on his feet again.
the 去掉 2.improve改成improving 3.pays 改成pay 4.if改成unless 5.Under 改成With
单句改错-练习 2
She was so poor that she was forced to have her baby adopt.
The ball was in possession of their opponents for most of the match.
You must take an aim at the target carefully before you shoot.
I’m delighted to know you have such firm faith with me.
The doctor has good reputation in our town because he has cured many people of their diseases.
adopt改成adopted 2.in 后加the 3.an 去掉 4. with改成in 5.has后加 a
短文改错-练习1
(2022·成都电子科大附中-二模)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Sunday was our family cleaning days. When I was sorting out my closet, I found a lot of clothes which looked newly, but in fact I hadn’t worn them for a long time. I was about to throw them away while my mother stopped me, say that there was an old clothes recycling center in our community. I told that some of the recycled clothes would be donated by people in need after being sorted. I eventually realize it was a great opportunity to protect the environment and helping people. At the last, I found the recycling center and recommended them to my friends.
1.days→day 2.newly→new 3.while→when 4.say→saying
5.I后加上was 6.by→to 7.realize→realized 8.helping→help
9.去掉the 10.them→it
【解析】
本文为一篇记叙文。讲述作者某天在清理一些不穿的衣服时,正要将他们扔掉,妈妈告诉他可以捐给有需要的人。作者认为这不仅帮助了其他人还有利于环境保护。
【详解】
1.考查名词的数。句意:上周日是我的家庭打扫日。此处指“last Sunday”那一天,故应用单数,故将days改为day。
2.考查形容词。句意:我找出了一些看起来比较新的衣服,但是我已经很久没穿过了。此处looked为系动词,后跟形容词做表语,故将newly改为new。
3.考查固定句型。句意:我正要扔掉这些衣服时,我的妈妈阻止了我,告诉我社区里有一个旧衣服回收中心。此处为“正要做某事这时……”,表达为be about to do sth. when…,故将while改为when。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:我正要扔掉这些衣服时,我的妈妈阻止了我,告诉我社区里有一个旧衣服回收中心。此处应用非谓语动词表示伴随,且主语my mother与say之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词,故将say改为saying。
5.考查语态。句意:她告诉我,这些衣服分类后,将会捐赠给那些有需要的人。此处表示“我被告诉”,故应用被动,主语为I,全文为一般过去时,故在I后加上was。
6.考查介词。句意:她告诉我,这些衣服分类后,将会捐赠给那些有需要的人。此处为“将某物捐给某人”,表达为donate sth. to sb.,故将by改为to。
7.考查时态。句意:最终,我意识到,这既保护了环境,又帮助了有需要的人。全文讲述过去发生的事,用一般过去时,故将realize改为realized。
8.考查动词不定式。句意:我意识到,这既保护了环境,又帮助了有需要的人。此处and连接前后to protect和to help两个不定式,作opportunity的定语,第二个不定式可省略to。故将helping改为help。
9.考查固定搭配。句意:最后,我找到了旧衣回收中心,并将它推荐给了我的朋友。此处意为“最终,最后”,表达为at last,故去掉the。
10.考查代词。句意:最后,我找到了旧衣回收中心,并将它推荐给了我的朋友。此处指作者将旧衣回收中心the recycling center推荐给了朋友,the recycling center为单数,故应用it指代,故将them改为it。
短文改错-练习 2
(备考2023高考-模拟)
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
I have a pet cat, which name is Lucky. She has white hair and two big eyes. She is cute and can do a few trick, which are funny and usually make me very surprising.
Every day when I come home, Lucky always runs towards me happily to welcomed me. When I feel down, but she never leaves me alone. She is my considerate and faith companion.
Now we had been living together for over two years. As time goes by, a relationship between Lucky and me becomes close than before. Therefore, I think of her an important member in my family and I really enjoy her company.
【答案】
1. which→whose
2. tirck→tricks
3. surprising→surprised
4. welcomed→welcome
5. 删除but
6. faith→faithful
7. had→have
8. a→the
9. close→closer
10. her后面加as
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和宠物猫的生活日常。
1. 考查定语从句。句意:我有一只宠物猫,名字叫Lucky。分析句子结构可知,此句为定语从句,先行词cat在从句中作名词name的定语,故将which改为whose。
2. 考查名词单复数。句意:她很可爱,会耍一些小把戏,很有趣,通常让我很惊讶。trick“小把戏”为可数名词,根据“a few”可知,此处表示复数,故将trick改为tricks。
3. 考查形容词。句意:她很可爱,会耍一些小把戏,很有趣,通常让我很惊讶。此处形容词作宾补修饰人,应用v-ed形式形容词,故将surprising改为surprised。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意:每天当我回到家,Lucky总是高兴地跑向我欢迎我。分析可知,此处为不定式表示目的,不定式符号to后应用动词原形。故将welcomed改为welcome。
5. 考查连词。句意:当我沮丧的时候,她从不离开我。此处是when引导的时间状语从句,不能再用并列连词,故将but删除。
6. 考查形容词。句意:她是我体贴而忠实的伴侣。根据“considerate and”可知,此处是并列的形容词作定语,故将faith改为faithful。
7. 考查动词时态。句意:现在我们已经一起生活了两年多。根据时间状语“for over two years”可知,此处应该用现在完成进行时,表示动作从过去开始持续到现在,并继续持续到将来。故将had改为have。
8. 考查冠词。句意:随着时间的流逝,我和Lucky的关系变得比以前更亲密了。此处指我和Lucky的关系,故为特指。故将a改为the。
9. 考查形容词比较级。句意:随着时间的流逝,我和Lucky的关系变得比以前更亲密了。因为有than可知,此处表示比较,应用形容词close的比较级。故将close改为closer。
10. 考查介词。句意:因此,我认为她是我家庭的一个重要的成员,我真的喜欢她的陪伴。think of...as...为固定搭配,意为“把......看作......”,故在her后加as。
短文改错-练习 3
(备考2023高考-模拟)
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
Lei Haiwei, a fast food delivery man, win the championship in the Chinese Poetry Contest held in April 4. Lei has shown great interest in Chinese culture since he was a child. In his small house, there is bookshelf, the top of that is filled with poetry books. Though he is busy with his work, but Lei seizes any available moment to read books relating to ancient poems. He is total addicted to poems and he recites it while waiting for food at restaurants. “Recite poems not only enriches my knowledges, but also makes my job less boring,” the delivery man said.
答案:第一句:win→won; 第二个in→on
第三句:bookshelf前加a; that→which
第四句:去掉but; relating→related
第五句:total→totally; it→them
第六句:Recite→Reciting; knowledges→knowledge
短文改错-练习 4
(备考2023高考-模拟)
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time,.he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said,“How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
答案:
1.第一句的parent→parents。
2.第三句的on→in。
3.去掉第四句的very。
4.第五句的looks→looking。
5.第五句的where→that或者去掉where。
6.第六句的begun→began。
7.第七句的telling→told。
8.第七句的a→the。
9.第八句的parents前面加his。
10.第十句的terrible→terribly。