2023年人教英语中考语法专题--代词复习课件

(共36张PPT)
语法专题-代词
教学目标
①人称代词 ②指示代词 ③物主代词
④反身代词 ⑤疑问代词 ⑥不定代词
①人称代词主格和宾格
②形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
③反身代词
④不定代词
①名词性物主代词用法
②不定代词用法及辨析
知识点
重点
难点
定义：代词是代替名词的一种词类, 按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用可分为以下几类：
代词
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人称代词
单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they
them
she her it it 数
格
人称
排列顺序：
单数：二，三，一 （you, he and I )
复数：一，二，三 (we, you and they )
重写下列句子：
This baby is Ne Zha. Ne Zha is a boy.
指代人、动物或事物的代词
He
人称代词
1. Ne Zha's mother has long hair.
Ne Zha's mother loves Ne Zha very much.
2. Ne Zha's father is tall.
Ne Zha's father loves Ne Zha, too.
3. Ne Zha's mother and father take good care of Ne Zha.
She
He
They
him
him
him
1.动词前用主格
2.动词或介词后用宾格
人称代词用法
人称代词的练习 1
完成句子
1.我现在正在学英语。_________ am studying English now.
2. 我们热爱我们的国家。_________ love our country.
3.你能帮助我们吗？Can you help _________
4.我们正在等他们。_______ are waiting for_________.
5.是谁呀？是我。Who is there It’s __________.
6.我和你、Tom，在音乐上有天赋。_______are talented in music
I
We
us
them
me
We
人称代词
注意代词it的用法
1.You promised to write the article，and you must do_____.
A.it B.she C.one D.he
2. 外面正在下雨。不用出去了！
_______is raining outside. Don’t go out!
从学校到市场的路很远。
_______is very far from the school to the market.
3.对他来说，搬动箱子很容易。
__________________ to carry the box.
A
代替上文提到的事物或情况。
It
用来指天气、时间、距离等。
It
用作形式主语和形式宾语。
It’s very easy for him
知识点
物主代词
表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词，“...的”
Ne Zha is 3 years old now.
_________(他的) eyes are very big and _________(他的）smile is creepy.
his
His
读记南方新中考表格
知识点
物主代词
形容词性物主代词 和 名词性物主代词
Ne Zha's coat is red.
Ne Zha's mother's coat is purple.
Ao Bing's coat is white.
Her coat
=Hers
His
=His coat
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词 + 名.
人称 分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
形容词性
名词性
my
our
your
your
his
her
its
their
mine
ours
yours
yours
his
hers
its
theirs
物主代词
一、单项选择题。
( ) 1. --Is this ruler
--No, it isn’t. It’s .
A. you; she B. your; she C. you; her D. your; hers
( ) 2. --Is this David’s bag
--Sorry, this is _________bag. is on the desk.
A. my, Mine B. mine, Hers C. mine, He D. my，His
用方框内所给词的适当形式填空
①This is _________ (they) house.__________ (my) is next door.
②These are my books. Those are ________ (he)．
③ __________ (we) monitor always helps us with English.
D
D
有名加形
无名加名
无名加名
有名加形
物主代词
物主代词的分类练习 2
their
Mine
his
Our
知识点
反身代词用来加强语气，表示强调“本人；自己”
反身代词
哪吒自学了变形术。
Ne Zha teaches____________ transfiguration.
Ne Zha learns transfiguration by ___________.
himself
himself
反身代词
人称 分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单 数
复数 myself
ourselves
yourself
yourselves
himself
themselves
herself
itself
知识点
反身代词练习 1
反身代词
1、 Nowadays I can choose online courses and study by ____．
A．I B．me C．my D．myself
2.Girls, help __________ to some fruit, please.
A．her B．them C．herself D．yourselves
【解析】本题考查代词辨析。句意为：现在，我可以选择网上课程，进行自学。by oneself意为“独自地，单独”；study by oneself意为“自学”。【答案】D
【解析】本题考查代词辨析。祈使句句意为：女孩们，请自己拿水果吃。girls是复数，其反身代词为yourselves，指“你们自己“。 【答案】D
知识点
反身代词练习 2
搭配中英文含义
teach oneself 随便吃些…吧
say to oneself 自学
improve oneself 自言自说
learn. ... by oneself 过得愉快
enjoy oneself 自学
help oneself to. .. 提高自己
代词用法小结：
主格：
宾格：
形容词性物主代词：
名词性物主代词：
反身代词：
用于句首,用在动词之前。
用于动词或介词之后。
后接名词。
后面不需要加名词。
表示“某人自己”。
人称代词、物主代词、翻身代词的作业
1.他的名字叫钟南山，他来自广州。2.我出生于5月15日.
3.她留着又长又黑的头发.
4.我有一个同桌,她的名字叫李梅，她比我大两岁。她是一个乐于助人的人,我英语不好,她经常帮助我学习英语，我和她一起学习英语,但是她没有空余时间,因为她还要照顾自己.
5.As is known to us all,our hometown Xinjiang is very beautiful. And people are doing _____best to make Xinjiang stronger and more beautiful. As students born and grown up in Xinjiang,what can we do to help build ____？ Firstly,we can avoid the traffic jams and reduce air pollution by riding bikes or walking if ____don't live far from our school. (用适当代词填空)
知识点
用来指示或标识人或事物的代词
近：this 这， these 这些，
远：that 那，those 那些
_______is Ne Zha and ______is Ao Bing.
________ are Ne Zha's fingers while _________ are Buildings.
This
that
These
those
指示代词
知识点
指示代词拓展与练习
指示代词:南P62
1. that/those 有时用来代替前面说过的名词，以避免重复。
The weather in Shanghai is not so cold as that in Beijing.
City people stand closer than those who live in the country.
Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as________made in Shanghai.
2. this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。
(= the weather)
(= people)
those
-Hello, is ________ Mike
-No, ________is Tom.
this
that
it, one, that 作代词的区别
①it指上文提到过的同一事物。(代可数名词单数或不可数名词)
② one指上下文提及的同类物中的一个.(同类非同一事物,复数用ones）
③that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复.
（代物不代人，可代单数或不可数，复数用those）
(1) I have many books. Which____ do you like
(2) The book is mine. ____ is very interesting.
(3)The weather in Beijing is much colder than____in Hainan.
one
It
that
知识点
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词
疑问代词
who whose whom which what where how what time how soon
why when how many how much how old how long how far how often
讲练 1
谁的 什么 怎么 还要多久 何时（具体 ）
谁（宾格） 谁（主格） 哪个 哪里
多少（可数） 为什么 多少（不可数） 多久一次
何时（大体） 几岁 多远 多久/长
知识点
疑问代词讲练 2：
辨析 选填
How soon How often Which What How long How far
How often
How far
____________ do you go to the cinema
______ is it from your home to the cinema
Once a month.
It's only a 10-minute walk.
不定代词
不明确表示代替某特定名词或形容词的代词
some
any
一些
+可数n.
+不可数n.
肯定句
疑问句、否定句和条件句
表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表请求的疑问句
Ne Zha is a very clever boy. He always has ______annoying tricks. So he doesn't have _______ friends. Then he meets a new friend and he often asks, “Would you like to play ______games with me ”
some
any
some
不定代词
含义 + 可数n. + 不可数n. 含义
许多的 many much 许多的
几乎没有 few little 几乎没有
有几个 a few a little 有一点
He has drawn many drafts, but ________of them are good.
A. few B. many C. any D. little
many/ much few/little a few/ a little
A
(2015·广东广州)Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming. We have 　　　time left.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
【解析】解析:考查不定代词的用法。句意:孩子们,快点!校车马上就来了。我们几乎没时间了。time为不可数名词,应用little来修饰,little意为“几乎没有”,相当于否定,故选 C。
不定代词
either/ neither both/ all each/ every
不定代词 含义与用法
either 两个中的一个, either…or + 就近原则
neither 两个中一个也不，neither…nor + 就近原则
both 两者都
all 三者或三者以上都
each “每一个”,指两个或两个以上的人或物, 强调个体
every “每一个”,指三个或三个以上的人或物, 强调整体情况
none 三个或三个以上人或事的全否定；可+of短语
no one 没有人，不接of短语
不定代词
不定代词讲练 2
—Mom, what would you like, coffee or tea
—　　　　. Just water, please.
A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
【解析】考查不定代词用法。根据Just water, please. 得知选C。
My friend and I are interested in drawing, but 　　of us is good at it.
A. neither B. both C. none D. all
【解析】考查不定代词用法。句意:我的朋友和我都喜欢绘画,但是我们两个人都不擅长(绘画)。【答案】A
1. I have only two tickets for TFBoys' concert.____ you ________ he can go with me.
A．Either；or B．Neither；nor C．Both；and D．Not only；but also
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。A项意为“或者……或者……”，表示两者中的一个；B项意为“既不……也不……”，表示两者都不；C项意为“两者都”；D项意为“不仅，而且”。语境，只有两张票，说话人只能和其中一人去。 【答案】A
不定代词
the other，another, other，others, the others
one
the other
one
another
不定代词
the other，another, other，others, the others
some
the others =the other drafts
some
some
others =other drafts
不定代词
the other，another, other，others, the others
不定代词 含义与用法
the other 表示已知两个人或事物中的另外一个，one…the other
another 表示三者或三者以上的另外一个
other 形容词，意为“别的，其他的”，常用在单数或复数名词的前面
others 表示泛指，意为“其他的人或物”，常用于some...，others...
the others 表示特指，意为“其他的人或物”
不定代词
不定代词讲练 3
We can't do it that way—but whether it will work is ____ matter.(2015，安徽)
A．other B．another C．each D．every
【解析】本题考查代词辨析。句意为：我们不能那样做——但那样做是否有效则是另一回事。another泛指“另一个”，符合语境。【答案】B
How dangerous! She was driving the car with one hand and holding an ice cream with ________.
A．the other B．another C．others D．other
【解析】the other 指两者之中的另一个(特指剩下的那一个)，可以构成搭配 “one..., the other...” ，表示 “ 一个……，另一个……”。【答案】A
不定代词
some/ every/ no/ any + one/ thing/ body
分类：someone, something, somebody； everyone, everything, everybody；no one, nothing, nobody； anyone, anything, anybody
指物
指人
something
anything
nothing
everything
somebody (someone)
anybody (anyone)
everybody (everyone)
nobody(no one)
2.Our teacher was very happy because__failed the examination.
A.somebody B.nobody C.anybody D.everybody
【解析】本题考查不定代词辨析。somebody意为“某人”；nobody意为“没有人”；anybody意为“任何人”；everybody意为“每个人”。句意为：我们的老师非常高兴，因为这次考试没有人不及格。【答案】 B
不定代词
不定代词讲练 4
1.翻译：世上无难事只怕有心人。
___________________ is impossible if you put your heart in it.
Nothing
3.—Wow,so many new buildings!But it used to be a poor village.
—Yes. 　　　　has changed in our hometown.
A. Nothing B. Nobody C. Everything D. Everybody
【解析】考查不定代词辨析。句意:——家乡这么多的新大楼!——是呀,在我们家乡一切都改变了。everything一切。故选C。
4. I bought 　　　　for my mother on Mother’s Day this year.
A. special anything B. anything special
C. special something D. something special
【解析】考查不定代词。形容词修饰不定代词的时候要位于不定代词之后。又根据句意得知选D。
不定代词
不定代词讲练 4
不定代词
阅读下面短文，用合适的不定代词填空
either something all myself None both neither
Today I received my report card. I didn’t expect to do well in ___1__ maths or geography, but in the end, I got good grades in ___2___ subjects. I still did well in English. That’s ___3__ I have always enjoyed. My grades in history and art weren’t so good, because ___4___ of those is my favorite subject. What should I study next year I have spoken to ___5___my teachers and asked for their advice. They said that I should decide for___6__. ____7___ of them told me what to do. Tomorrow I have to get some information because there are so many subjects and it’s very hard to choose.
不定代词讲练 ：作业
Thanks