单元质量检测（一）
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Daily Telegraph: An enormous number of sardines (沙丁鱼) have been photographed as they swam in the formation of a dolphin (海豚). Steve De Neef photographed the fish near Cebu in the Philippines grouping together to protect themselves from larger animals. He said: “ Getting the picture of the dolphin shape was just about being in the right spot at the right time, but it would be to their benefit if they could imitate (模仿) a larger animal.”
Daily Mail: Black garlic — a sweet variety of the popular cooking ingredient that doesn't leave you with bad breath — is getting ready to hit the UK supermarket shelves.Black garlic tastes much sweeter than traditional garlic and enjoys twice the amount of anti oxidants (抗氧化剂) and can last twice as long on the shelf.
BBC: Researchers in the United States have developed the first wirelessly controlled device (装置) that can supply a drug directly into the body.A small chip is implanted under the skin. It contains the medicine, which it releases at programmed times. The developers say the device could improve the lives of millions of people who take medicine for long term illnesses and may one day free patients from having to remember to take their medicine, or give themselves injections.
VOA: Global warming could make humans shorter, warn scientists who claim to have found evidence that it caused the world's first horses to shrink nearly 50 million years ago.As temperatures went up their size went down, and vice versa (反之亦然); at one point they were as small as a house cat. The scientists say that the current warming could have the same effect on mammals, and even humans.
1．What information can we obtain from Steve De Neef's words
A．The sardines swim together to protect themselves from dolphins.
B．The sardines will be in safety when meeting a larger animal.
C．He took this rare picture of sardines probably by accident.
D．It's easy to get the picture of the dolphin shape.
2．In comparison with traditional garlic, black garlic ________.
A．will leave you much stronger breath
B．is more popular in the UK supermarket
C．can be kept fresh for a much longer time
D．contains the same amount of anti oxidants
3．Who will probably find the wirelessly controlled device most useful
A．Janet who is suffering a bad cold.
B．Sophia who has had an operation.
C．Winfred who has been ill for long.
D．Lynette who has a poor memory.
B
The Verizon Innovative App Challenge gives kids a chance to create apps (计算机应用程序) that can solve problems in their community.
Do you want to make a difference in your community The Verizon Innovative App Challenge can get you started. The first step is to think of a problem in your community. The next step is to create an app that can solve the problem.
Groups of five to seven students in middle school or high school, led by a teacher, can enter the contest. First, teams compete on a local level. Teams that make it to the next round receive D|S5,000 for their schools.Finalists present their app ideas to judges in a live webinar (网络研讨会)．
Next, the judges pick national winners.The top eight teams receive an additional D|S15,000 for their schools, and each team member receives a Samsung tablet. Plus, the winning teams get the chance to bring their app to life.
A group of six girls from Los Fresnos, Texas, won the second annual Verizon Innovative App Challenge. They came up with the Hello Navi app concept, short for “hello navigation”. The app was designed to help visually impaired students navigate their school by using an internal compass and voice over technology. Read more about the team in September 19, 2014 issue of TIME For Kids: Edition 3－4.
Do you have an app idea that could help solve a local issue The deadline to register is November 24, 2018.Find more information and register your team at www.verizonfoundation. org/appchallenge.
Here are some tips from the Verizon Foundation to get you started：
·Get your team together for a brainstorming meeting.Write out all the ideas that come to mind.
·Don't ignore challenges.Think of the problems that exist in your community.
·Ask family, friends, and people in your community to share their thoughts about problems that they want to see solved.
4．The Verizon Innovative App Challenge was launched to ________.
A．let students create apps to solve problems
B．call on students to put their ideas into practice
C．inspire students to focus on social problems
D．encourage students to cooperate with teachers
5．In which order should one follow to enter the Verizon Innovative App Challenge
①You think of a problem in your community.
②Your team compete against others in your city.
③You invent an app with your partners and teachers.
④Winning teams can compete to become national winners.
A．①②③④ B．①③②④
C．①④②③ D．④①③②
6．What does the 5th paragraph mainly talk about
A．The winning team and their app of the second Verizon Innovative App Challenge.
B．An app designed to help the disabled to work on the computer.
C．An app concept that navigates blind students to explore nature.
D．Six girls from Los Fresnos, Texas who signed up for the contest.
7．What's the purpose of the passage
A．To tell readers how to solve a local issue.
B．To invite kids to join in the Verizon Innovative App challenge.
C．To offer readers information about a talent show.
D．To appeal to adults to make contributions to society.
C
Despite all the talk about encouraging girls in math and science, many teachers still keep unconscious biases (偏爱)that discourage girls from going into these fields, a new study suggests.
“Our results suggest that teachers are discouraging girls and encouraging boys to get to a higher level of math and science. So there's a gender gap (分歧) in the teachers' understanding of their students，”said the study's lead author, Edith Sand, an instructor at the Tel Aviv University's Berglas School of Economics.
Sand compared the results of tests scored by teachers who knew the children and their names, to those graded by outside scorers who weren't told anything about the identity of the test takers. She found that when teachers knew the children's names and identities, they graded the girls lower in math than the outside graders, while scoring the boys higher. The researchers checked to see if the same kind of bias was happening in other school subjects — it wasn't.
The researchers followed the children all the way through high school. They found that girls who had been downgraded in elementary school were less likely to sign up for advanced math and science courses in high school. “I am sure they are completely unaware of the bias.” Sand said.
This isn't the first study to show that girls' interest in math tends to drop off as they get older, but it may well be the first showing that teacher bias could be part of the problem, said Patrick Tolan, a professor at the Curry School of Education at the University of Virginia.
“Early experience becomes fixed in girls' minds，” Tolan said. “They tend to follow the first reactions (反应) from their teachers: what they are good at and what is appropriate for a girl or a boy to do.” Tolan believes the solution is to educate teachers about their unconscious biases against girls. Besides, parents can be sure to raise their little girls' self confidence, making sure they understand that they can succeed in any subject, Tolan says.
8．What can we learn from the test carried out by Sand
A．Boys performed better than girls in math.
B．Teachers graded students they know higher.
C．Many subjects were affected by teacher bias.
D．Gender bias actually existed among teachers.
9．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The boys. B．The teachers.
C．The girls. D．The researchers.
10．What would be the best title for the text
A．Teacher bias may discourage girls from math
B．Parents have a say in girls' confidence in math
C．Girls are likely to follow their teachers' advice
D．Math and math related fields are not suitable for girls
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Effective Ways to Be Successful at Events
The holiday season is upon us, and I'm frequently asked for my event success tips.Well, it all begins with taking care of one's own spirit and keeping a positive attitude.The following are practical things that anyone can do.__11__
·Greet everyone and wish them well. __12__ You're a team, for you're all present in that location together, for the whole process of the event.So open up and join the team from the beginning.
·Shine your own light.Never mind what or how others are doing.__13__ Put away the iPhone, iPad etc. and be present with your own light so that it shines purely.
·__14__ Express thanks for the weather, the furniture, the other people attending the event, and the opportunity to be there.Express thanks to those who spare time to talk with you.Of course if it's a big event, you won't get to everyone, but include those near you.
·Keep a sense of happiness throughout the event. People attending events tend to be attracted by happy souls.Your sense of happiness will positively influence those around.So I always keep my sense of humor while at events.__15__
If you do these small things regularly during events, I'm sure you will enjoy yourself and become a star.
A．Give thanks throughout the event.
B．Make eye contact and start conversations.
C．You should be polite when attending events.
D．It can make people laugh and spread happiness.
E．Follow them and increase your success at events.
F．Be yourself, offer what you can offer, and stay focused.
G．Concentrating on what isn't there will not improve conditions.
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
More and more Africans are using text messages, e mails and social media to communicate. In Senegal, educators are using new __16__ to teach women to read. They launched the __17__ in Senegal two years ago.
Mariama Daffe sits in front of a television at her home in a community near Senegal's capital Dakar. She is learning to write and work with numbers. Ms. Daffe started this __18__ program a year ago. She was 39 years old at the time.
The Ministry of Education created these __19__ modules for literacy — reading and writing. The program appears __20__ on state television. Women taking part every day say these lessons have made them more __21__.
Mariama Daffe says, “These days I have my __22__ telephone, and I can read messages and I can send messages, too.”
Ms. Daffe finishes her lesson and starts preparing dinner for her husband and three children. She says the TV programs are __23__. She studies three modules a week, __24__ she has a full time job and travels two hours by bus every day.
At home study programs are easy to operate and not __25__. That makes them especially __26__ for a place like Senegal, which has limited money to teach __27__.
But some women prefer the classroom __28__. Ten minutes down the road from Mariama Daffe's home, women write on a chalkboard at the local elementary school. Thirty nine year old Astou Keita says it is never too late to __29__. She says, “My kids __30__ me. They think it is funny that I started learning at this__31__.”
Mamadou Diallo is a teacher. He uses a laptop computer and a projector to prepare a(n) __32__ display wall to teach __33__. Mr. Diallo says the first time the women saw the interactive display wall, they became very interested. They could not __34__ to try it. He asks a student to read a word problem and do the work __35__. She then answers the mathematical problem on the wall.
16．A.concepts B．technologies
C．skills D．materials
17．A.campaign B．subject
C．lesson D．program
18．A.home study B．language study
C．major study D．classroom study
19．A.researching B．developing
C．training D．operating
20．A.obviously B．freely
C．slowly D．daily
21．A.independent B．attractive
C．comfortable D．professional
22．A.fixed B．mobile
C．video D．satellite
23．A.interesting B．instructive
C．easy D．convenient
24．A.yet B．or
C．because D．when
25．A.outdated B．costly
C．complex D．boring
26．A.familiar B．advanced
C．useful D．experimental
27．A.literature B．history
C．theory D．literacy
28．A.experience B．condition
C．knowledge D．equipment
29．A.work B．learn
C．turn D．change
30．A.learn from B．depend on
C．laugh at D．believe in
31．A.school B．point
C．time D．age
32．A.dictation B．private
C．talent D．interactive
33．A.paint B．writing
C．maths D．design
34．A.wait B．want
C．agree D．pretend
35．A.by hand B．in pencil
C．on the wall D．with numbers
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
At fifteen years old, I was a confident girl.One day, when I was trying to get the bottled (瓶装的) gas to work, __36__ fire exploded in my face.I suffered the consequences of my __37__ (careless)．It was my neighbors who came to rescue, __38__ (help) to put off the fire and arranged emergency medical attention.__39__ I survived the fire, the damage for me was long lasting.Within a month, I went from a beautiful girl with perfect skin __40__ an ugly lady.
After several months of persuasion (劝导), I agreed to go back to school.But I found it difficult __41__ (raise) my head and look people in the face.Then I realized that I first had to learn to accept myself if I wanted to __42__ (accept) by others.As time went on, I gained strength and confidence, and began to __43__ (gradual) lift my head up and look people in the face again.
Instead of __44__ (hide) from the world, I forced the world to pay attention to and take notice of the person behind the scars.As a saying goes, “Nobody can put you down without your permission.” Now, more than three decades later, I am a confident adult.Who would have thought that such a __45__ (pain) experience helped me to grow up
Ⅴ.写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你是李华，在上海学习的英国朋友Tony给你发邮件说周末要来杭州找你玩。请你根据要点提示给Tony写一封邮件向他介绍这两天的安排。
1．周五晚上在杭州火车站接站；
2．周六参观杭州名胜；
3．周日在家的活动；
4．冬季寒冷，请多备衣物。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Jim was walking down a dimly lit street late one evening, hoping to see his lovely children as soon as possible. As he was walking quietly, Jim heard muffled (低沉的) screams coming from behind some bushes. Alarmed, Jim stopped to listen carefully. He realized that what he was hearing was the unmistakable sound of a_struggle. Thinking of the danger,_he became frightened.
Only yards from where Jim stood, a girl was being attacked. Jim didn't know what to do. Should he get involved in it He was worried about his_own_safety and regretted having suddenly decided to take a new route home that night. He was afraid of becoming another victim. He was wondering whether he should just run to the nearest phone and call the_police or went to fight with the attacker to save the unknown girl.
As he struggled from within, the girl's cries were growing weaker. Jim knew he had to act fast. Yet he knew he couldn't just walk away from this. He realized that he could not turn his back on the_fate of this unknown girl, even if it meant risking his own life.
Now, Jim was not a_brave_man,_nor was he athletic. Even he himself didn't quite know where he found the moral courage and physical strength. However once he was determined to help the girl, he became strangely transformed. He ran behind the_bushes and pulled the_attacker off the girl, who panicked very much. Seeing Jim prevent him, the attacker became crazy and began to fight with him. Jim became fearless and they fell to the_ground,_where they wrestled for a few minutes until the attacker jumped up and escaped. Jim felt very tired and he couldn't catch the attacker.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Watching the attacker run into the darkness, Jim thought of the girl.
Paragraph 2：
“Dad, is that you？” asked the girl in wonder and amazement as she
单元质量检测（一）
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Daily Telegraph: An enormous number of sardines (沙丁鱼) have been photographed as they swam in the formation of a dolphin (海豚). Steve De Neef photographed the fish near Cebu in the Philippines grouping together to protect themselves from larger animals. He said: “ Getting the picture of the dolphin shape was just about being in the right spot at the right time, but it would be to their benefit if they could imitate (模仿) a larger animal.”
Daily Mail: Black garlic — a sweet variety of the popular cooking ingredient that doesn't leave you with bad breath — is getting ready to hit the UK supermarket shelves.Black garlic tastes much sweeter than traditional garlic and enjoys twice the amount of anti oxidants (抗氧化剂) and can last twice as long on the shelf.
BBC: Researchers in the United States have developed the first wirelessly controlled device (装置) that can supply a drug directly into the body.A small chip is implanted under the skin. It contains the medicine, which it releases at programmed times. The developers say the device could improve the lives of millions of people who take medicine for long term illnesses and may one day free patients from having to remember to take their medicine, or give themselves injections.
VOA: Global warming could make humans shorter, warn scientists who claim to have found evidence that it caused the world's first horses to shrink nearly 50 million years ago.As temperatures went up their size went down, and vice versa (反之亦然); at one point they were as small as a house cat. The scientists say that the current warming could have the same effect on mammals, and even humans.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，由四个独立的小新闻组成，分别是：一幅沙丁鱼以海豚的形状出现的照片；黑大蒜的上市；可以帮助人服药的无线装置的发明；全球变暖可能会使人变得更矮。
1．What information can we obtain from Steve De Neef's words
A．The sardines swim together to protect themselves from dolphins.
B．The sardines will be in safety when meeting a larger animal.
C．He took this rare picture of sardines probably by accident.
D．It's easy to get the picture of the dolphin shape.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段Steve所说的话可知他拍到这幅照片是一次偶然。故选C项。
2．In comparison with traditional garlic, black garlic ________.
A．will leave you much stronger breath
B．is more popular in the UK supermarket
C．can be kept fresh for a much longer time
D．contains the same amount of anti oxidants
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知黑大蒜尝起来比传统大蒜更甜，而且拥有两倍的抗氧化剂，保存时间长达两倍。
3．Who will probably find the wirelessly controlled device most useful
A．Janet who is suffering a bad cold.
B．Sophia who has had an operation.
C．Winfred who has been ill for long.
D．Lynette who has a poor memory.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段第四句可知研发人员说这种装置能够让那些需要长期服用药物的人延长生命。
B
The Verizon Innovative App Challenge gives kids a chance to create apps (计算机应用程序) that can solve problems in their community.
Do you want to make a difference in your community The Verizon Innovative App Challenge can get you started. The first step is to think of a problem in your community. The next step is to create an app that can solve the problem.
Groups of five to seven students in middle school or high school, led by a teacher, can enter the contest. First, teams compete on a local level. Teams that make it to the next round receive D|S5,000 for their schools.Finalists present their app ideas to judges in a live webinar (网络研讨会)．
Next, the judges pick national winners.The top eight teams receive an additional D|S15,000 for their schools, and each team member receives a Samsung tablet. Plus, the winning teams get the chance to bring their app to life.
A group of six girls from Los Fresnos, Texas, won the second annual Verizon Innovative App Challenge. They came up with the Hello Navi app concept, short for “hello navigation”. The app was designed to help visually impaired students navigate their school by using an internal compass and voice over technology. Read more about the team in September 19, 2014 issue of TIME For Kids: Edition 3－4.
Do you have an app idea that could help solve a local issue The deadline to register is November 24, 2018.Find more information and register your team at www.verizonfoundation. org/appchallenge.
Here are some tips from the Verizon Foundation to get you started：
·Get your team together for a brainstorming meeting.Write out all the ideas that come to mind.
·Don't ignore challenges.Think of the problems that exist in your community.
·Ask family, friends, and people in your community to share their thoughts about problems that they want to see solved.
语篇解读：Verizon Innovative App Challenge大赛旨在鼓励学生学以致用，研发计算机应用程序来解决社区存在的问题。
4．The Verizon Innovative App Challenge was launched to ________.
A．let students create apps to solve problems
B．call on students to put their ideas into practice
C．inspire students to focus on social problems
D．encourage students to cooperate with teachers
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Verizon Innovative App Challenge 的目的是让学生研发计算机应用程序，以解决所在社区存在的问题。
5．In which order should one follow to enter the Verizon Innovative App Challenge
①You think of a problem in your community.
②Your team compete against others in your city.
③You invent an app with your partners and teachers.
④Winning teams can compete to become national winners.
A．①②③④ B．①③②④
C．①④②③ D．④①③②
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二、三、四段的内容可知，参加这个比赛的第一步是发现所在社区存在的问题；第二步是和同学及老师一起发明一个能解决这个问题的应用程序；第三步是在当地竞赛；第四步是初赛的获胜者进入决赛争夺全国的冠军。故顺序为①③②④。
6．What does the 5th paragraph mainly talk about
A．The winning team and their app of the second Verizon Innovative App Challenge.
B．An app designed to help the disabled to work on the computer.
C．An app concept that navigates blind students to explore nature.
D．Six girls from Los Fresnos, Texas who signed up for the contest.
解析：选A 段落大意题。第五段介绍了第二届Verizon Innovative App Challenge 大赛的获奖者和她们的获胜作品。
7．What's the purpose of the passage
A．To tell readers how to solve a local issue.
B．To invite kids to join in the Verizon Innovative App challenge.
C．To offer readers information about a talent show.
D．To appeal to adults to make contributions to society.
解析：选B 写作意图题。本文介绍了Verizon Innovative App Challenge 大赛的目的、如何报名参加、比赛的主要流程等内容。因此这篇文章的目的是呼吁青少年参加这个比赛。
C
Despite all the talk about encouraging girls in math and science, many teachers still keep unconscious biases (偏爱)that discourage girls from going into these fields, a new study suggests.
“Our results suggest that teachers are discouraging girls and encouraging boys to get to a higher level of math and science. So there's a gender gap (分歧) in the teachers' understanding of their students，”said the study's lead author, Edith Sand, an instructor at the Tel Aviv University's Berglas School of Economics.
Sand compared the results of tests scored by teachers who knew the children and their names, to those graded by outside scorers who weren't told anything about the identity of the test takers. She found that when teachers knew the children's names and identities, they graded the girls lower in math than the outside graders, while scoring the boys higher. The researchers checked to see if the same kind of bias was happening in other school subjects — it wasn't.
The researchers followed the children all the way through high school. They found that girls who had been downgraded in elementary school were less likely to sign up for advanced math and science courses in high school. “I am sure they are completely unaware of the bias.” Sand said.
This isn't the first study to show that girls' interest in math tends to drop off as they get older, but it may well be the first showing that teacher bias could be part of the problem, said Patrick Tolan, a professor at the Curry School of Education at the University of Virginia.
“Early experience becomes fixed in girls' minds，” Tolan said. “They tend to follow the first reactions (反应) from their teachers: what they are good at and what is appropriate for a girl or a boy to do.” Tolan believes the solution is to educate teachers about their unconscious biases against girls. Besides, parents can be sure to raise their little girls' self confidence, making sure they understand that they can succeed in any subject, Tolan says.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。研究发现，老师对男生的偏爱会激发他们学习数学的兴趣，而对女生学数学的兴趣却造成一定的打击。
8．What can we learn from the test carried out by Sand
A．Boys performed better than girls in math.
B．Teachers graded students they know higher.
C．Many subjects were affected by teacher bias.
D．Gender bias actually existed among teachers.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第三段中的“She found that when teachers knew the children's names and identities, they graded the girls lower in math than the outside graders, while scoring the boys higher”可知，Sand通过实验证明了“老师偏爱”的存在。
9．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The boys. B．The teachers.
C．The girls. D．The researchers.
解析：选C 代词指代题。由画线词之前描述的女生的做法可知，老师的偏爱影响了女生，而她们对此往往意识不到。
10．What would be the best title for the text
A．Teacher bias may discourage girls from math
B．Parents have a say in girls' confidence in math
C．Girls are likely to follow their teachers' advice
D．Math and math related fields are not suitable for girls
解析：选A 标题归纳题。综合全文，尤其是倒数第二段可知，本文主要说明，老师对男生在数学方面的偏爱可能是影响女生在学习数学方面的自信和兴趣的原因之一。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Effective Ways to Be Successful at Events
The holiday season is upon us, and I'm frequently asked for my event success tips.Well, it all begins with taking care of one's own spirit and keeping a positive attitude.The following are practical things that anyone can do.__11__
·Greet everyone and wish them well. __12__ You're a team, for you're all present in that location together, for the whole process of the event.So open up and join the team from the beginning.
·Shine your own light.Never mind what or how others are doing.__13__ Put away the iPhone, iPad etc. and be present with your own light so that it shines purely.
·__14__ Express thanks for the weather, the furniture, the other people attending the event, and the opportunity to be there.Express thanks to those who spare time to talk with you.Of course if it's a big event, you won't get to everyone, but include those near you.
·Keep a sense of happiness throughout the event. People attending events tend to be attracted by happy souls.Your sense of happiness will positively influence those around.So I always keep my sense of humor while at events.__15__
If you do these small things regularly during events, I'm sure you will enjoy yourself and become a star.
A．Give thanks throughout the event.
B．Make eye contact and start conversations.
C．You should be polite when attending events.
D．It can make people laugh and spread happiness.
E．Follow them and increase your success at events.
F．Be yourself, offer what you can offer, and stay focused.
G．Concentrating on what isn't there will not improve conditions.
11．解析：选E 本空上一句说将介绍一些人人都可以做到的事情帮助我们游刃有余地参加社交活动，E项(按照这些来做就能使参加活动更有成效)紧承上文，其中的them指的就是上一句提到的“practical things”。
12．解析：选B 根据本段中的“Greet, wish, open up”等可知，本段建议敞开心扉跟他人交流，故B项(进行眼神交流，发起谈话)符合此处语境。
13．解析：选F 本空上一句提到不要在意别人在做什么、怎么做，也就是说“做自己”就好。另外F项中的“stay focused”与本空后的“Put away the iPhone, iPad etc.”相呼应。
14．解析：选A 根据本段中的“Express thanks for ...” “Express thanks to ...”可知，本段给出的建议是“表达谢意”。
15．解析：选D 本空上一句提到作者总是在参加活动时保持幽默感，因为“它能让人们大笑并传递快乐”。D项中的It指的就是humor。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
More and more Africans are using text messages, e mails and social media to communicate. In Senegal, educators are using new __16__ to teach women to read. They launched the __17__ in Senegal two years ago.
Mariama Daffe sits in front of a television at her home in a community near Senegal's capital Dakar. She is learning to write and work with numbers. Ms. Daffe started this __18__ program a year ago. She was 39 years old at the time.
The Ministry of Education created these __19__ modules for literacy — reading and writing. The program appears __20__ on state television. Women taking part every day say these lessons have made them more __21__.
Mariama Daffe says, “These days I have my __22__ telephone, and I can read messages and I can send messages, too.”
Ms. Daffe finishes her lesson and starts preparing dinner for her husband and three children. She says the TV programs are __23__. She studies three modules a week, __24__ she has a full time job and travels two hours by bus every day.
At home study programs are easy to operate and not __25__. That makes them especially __26__ for a place like Senegal, which has limited money to teach __27__.
But some women prefer the classroom __28__. Ten minutes down the road from Mariama Daffe's home, women write on a chalkboard at the local elementary school. Thirty nine year old Astou Keita says it is never too late to __29__. She says, “My kids __30__ me. They think it is funny that I started learning at this__31__.”
Mamadou Diallo is a teacher. He uses a laptop computer and a projector to prepare a(n) __32__ display wall to teach __33__. Mr. Diallo says the first time the women saw the interactive display wall, they became very interested. They could not __34__ to try it. He asks a student to read a word problem and do the work __35__. She then answers the mathematical problem on the wall.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。教育工作者们在塞内加尔利用新的科技手段让女性掌握读写和计算技能。
16．A.concepts B．technologies
C．skills D．materials
解析：选B 根据上文“text messages”及“e mails”和最后一段中的“a laptop computer and a projector”可知，教育工作者开始使用新“科技(technologies)”手段教女性阅读。
17．A.campaign B．subject
C．lesson D．program
解析：选D 句意：他们两年前在塞内加尔推出了这个学习“项目(program)”。下文多次提到program，由此确定答案。
18．A.home study B．language study
C．major study D．classroom study
解析：选A 根据上文“Mariama Daffe sits in front of a television at her home”可知，马里亚玛·达菲是坐在家里的电视机前学习的，故选用“home study”一词。
19．A.researching B．developing
C．training D．operating
解析：选C 根据上文可知，教育工作者开始使用新科技手段教女性阅读，故选择training，意为“训练；培训”。
20．A.obviously B．freely
C．slowly D．daily
解析：选D 根据下文“every day”可推知，该学习项目“每天(daily)”在国家电视台播出。
21．A.independent B．attractive
C．comfortable D．professional
解析：选A 根据下段可知，马里亚玛·达菲可以自己阅读和发送短信。通过这个具体事例判断，参加学习项目的女性更加“独立(independent)”了。
22．A.fixed B．mobile
C．video D．satellite
解析：选B 根据下文“read messages and I can send messages”可知，这是部“移动(mobile)”电话，即手机。
23．A.interesting B．instructive
C．easy D．convenient
解析：选D 马里亚玛·达菲有份专职工作，还能每周学习三个模块，这说明电视课程学起来非常“方便(convenient)”。
24．A.yet B．or
C．because D．when
解析：选A 电视课程学起来非常方便。她每周学习三个模块，“然而(yet)”她有一份全职工作，每天要坐两个小时公交。
25．A.outdated B．costly
C．complex D．boring
解析：选B 根据下文“which has limited money”可知，电视课程操作简单，且“花费(costly)”不多。
26．A.familiar B．advanced
C．useful D．experimental
解析：选C 电视课程操作简单、花费不多，这对塞内加尔这种国家尤其“实用(useful)”。
27．A.literature B．history
C．theory D．literacy
解析：选D 根据第三段第一句中的“for literacy — reading and writing”可知，此处指塞内加尔教人们“读写(literacy)”的资金有限。
28．A.experience B．condition
C．knowledge D．equipment
解析：选A 虽然女性可以在家通过电视课程学习，但一些女性喜欢课堂“体验(experience)”。
29．A.work B．learn
C．turn D．change
解析：选B 阿斯托·凯塔已经39岁了，但她在一所小学里学习。这说明她知道“活到老，‘学(learn)’到老”的道理。
30．A.learn from B．depend on
C．laugh at D．believe in
解析：选C 根据下文“They think it is funny”可知，她的孩子们“笑话(laugh at)”她。
31．A.school B．point
C．time D．age
解析：选D 根据上文“Thirty nine year old”可推知答案。她的孩子们认为她这个“年纪(age)”才开始学习很搞笑。
32．A.dictation B．private
C．talent D．interactive
解析：选D 根据下文可知，这位教师使用了一面“互动(interactive)”展示墙教学。
33．A.paint B．writing
C．maths D．design
解析：选C 根据下文“mathematical problem”可知，他教的是“数学(maths)”课。
34．A.wait B．want
C．agree D．pretend
解析：选A 根据上文“they became very interested”可知，她们迫不及待(wait)想要尝试。
35．A.by hand B．in pencil
C．on the wall D．with numbers
解析：选D by hand意为“用手”；in pencil意为“用铅笔”；on the wall意为“在墙上”；with numbers意为“用数字”。这是一堂数学课，因此，老师叫了一名学生读一道应用题然后“计算(with numbers)”。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
At fifteen years old, I was a confident girl.One day, when I was trying to get the bottled (瓶装的) gas to work, __36__ fire exploded in my face.I suffered the consequences of my __37__ (careless)．It was my neighbors who came to rescue, __38__ (help) to put off the fire and arranged emergency medical attention.__39__ I survived the fire, the damage for me was long lasting.Within a month, I went from a beautiful girl with perfect skin __40__ an ugly lady.
After several months of persuasion (劝导), I agreed to go back to school.But I found it difficult __41__ (raise) my head and look people in the face.Then I realized that I first had to learn to accept myself if I wanted to __42__ (accept) by others.As time went on, I gained strength and confidence, and began to __43__ (gradual) lift my head up and look people in the face again.
Instead of __44__ (hide) from the world, I forced the world to pay attention to and take notice of the person behind the scars.As a saying goes, “Nobody can put you down without your permission.” Now, more than three decades later, I am a confident adult.Who would have thought that such a __45__ (pain) experience helped me to grow up
36．a fire在这里指火灾，为可数名词，而且是首次提到，故用不定冠词a修饰。
37．carelessness 作者的粗心引起了大火，让她尝到了苦头。carelessness意为“粗心”。
38．helped and连接三个并列的动词，时态应该保持一致。根据空前的“came to rescue”和空后的“arranged emergency medical attention”可知此空的动词需用一般过去式。
39．Although 尽管作者活了下来，但是大火对她的伤害是永久的，这里用although引导让步状语从句。
40．to from ...to ...意为“从……到……”。
41．to raise find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.意为“发现做某事是……的”，it是形式宾语，后面的不定式“to raise my head and look people in the face”才是真正的宾语。
42．be accepted 作者意识到想要被别人接受首先要做到自我接受，所以此空需用被动语态。
43．gradually gradually在这里意为“逐渐地”，修饰后面的动作“lift my head up and look people in the face”。
44．hiding instead of意为“代替；而不是”，of为介词，后跟v. ing形式。
45．painful painful意为“痛苦的”，修饰后面的名词experience。
Ⅴ.写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你是李华，在上海学习的英国朋友Tony给你发邮件说周末要来杭州找你玩。请你根据要点提示给Tony写一封邮件向他介绍这两天的安排。
1．周五晚上在杭州火车站接站；
2．周六参观杭州名胜；
3．周日在家的活动；
4．冬季寒冷，请多备衣物。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Tony，
I am glad to know that you will come to Hangzhou this weekend. Here are the arrangements for your two?day visit.
We will meet at Hangzhou Railway Station this Friday evening and then head to the hotel. After a good night's sleep, we are to visit one of the attractions in Hangzhou. As a tourist city with more than 4,000 years of history, Hangzhou offers so many sights for you to choose from.
On Sunday you will meet my family and learn to make dumplings. Be sure to bring some extra clothes to keep yourself warm since it's colder here.
Looking forward to seeing you.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Jim was walking down a dimly lit street late one evening, hoping to see his lovely children as soon as possible. As he was walking quietly, Jim heard muffled (低沉的) screams coming from behind some bushes. Alarmed, Jim stopped to listen carefully. He realized that what he was hearing was the unmistakable sound of a_struggle. Thinking of the danger,_he became frightened.
Only yards from where Jim stood, a girl was being attacked. Jim didn't know what to do. Should he get involved in it He was worried about his_own_safety and regretted having suddenly decided to take a new route home that night. He was afraid of becoming another victim. He was wondering whether he should just run to the nearest phone and call the_police or went to fight with the attacker to save the unknown girl.
As he struggled from within, the girl's cries were growing weaker. Jim knew he had to act fast. Yet he knew he couldn't just walk away from this. He realized that he could not turn his back on the_fate of this unknown girl, even if it meant risking his own life.
Now, Jim was not a_brave_man,_nor was he athletic. Even he himself didn't quite know where he found the moral courage and physical strength. However once he was determined to help the girl, he became strangely transformed. He ran behind the_bushes and pulled the_attacker off the girl, who panicked very much. Seeing Jim prevent him, the attacker became crazy and began to fight with him. Jim became fearless and they fell to the_ground,_where they wrestled for a few minutes until the attacker jumped up and escaped. Jim felt very tired and he couldn't catch the attacker.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Watching the attacker run into the darkness, Jim thought of the girl.
Paragraph 2：
“Dad, is that you？” asked the girl in wonder and amazement as she
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
Watching the attacker run into the the darkness，Jim thought of the girl. Breathing hard, Jim rose from the_ground and walked towards her. The girl was sitting behind the_bushes，sobbing.Although in the darkness Jim could hardly see the girl clearly, he could certainly sense her trembling shock. Not wanting to frighten the girl further, Jim at first spoke to her from a distance. Jim said soothingly that the_attacker had run away and she was safe. There was a long pause and then he heard some words from the girl.
Paragraph 2：
“Dad，is that you？” asked the girl in wonder and amazement as she walked from behind the bushes. To Jim's shock, there stood Jim's youngest daughter, who began crying. Hugging Katherine, Jim also cried. After the_police arrived, they told them about the attacker in detail. He felt it was a right decision to rush to fight with the attacker. Now in his children's eyes, Jim is a_brave_man and a hero without fearing any danger.
