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课时跟踪练(二) Word power, Grammar and usage & Task
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It struck me that I had left my purse in the car.
2．In my view, you deserve praising/to_be_praised (praise) for what you have done for us.
3．I'd like to take this opportunity to apply for my dream job.
4．Let's split up now and meet again at lunchtime.
5．We encourage students to participate fully in the running of the college.
6．Put up your hand if you have a question.
7．I am the first person to_know (know) the news that he has gone abroad for further study.
8．Everyone has a desire for a happy life.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他们于星期一举行罢工，要求增加百分之三十的工资。
They went_on_strike on Monday in demand of a 30 percent wage increase.
2．你触犯了法律，理应受到惩罚。
You've broken the law and deserve_punishment/punishing/to_be_punished.
3．我想借此机会祝你旅途顺利。
I'd like to_take_the_opportunity_to_wish you a good trip.
4．新英格兰和加拿大城镇的学生们正参加一场国际性的节能比赛。
The students are_participating_in an international energy saving competition between towns in New England and Canada.
5．汤姆的父母离婚了，这使他感到如此伤心和孤独。
Tom's parents have_split_up,_which makes him feel so sad and lonely.
6．你猜他会去哪儿，北京还是上海？
Where_do_you_guess_he_will_go,_Beijing or Shanghai
7．他上大学的最后一丝希望破灭了。
He lost his last hope to_go_to_university.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Rock music in one form or another is the most popular type of music all over the world. But where did it come from
Rock began in the USA in the early 1950s. At that time, “rhythm and blue” music was very popular with black Americans.“R&B” was a mixture of black religious music and jazz. It had strong rhythms that you could dance to and simple, fast words.
Noticing the success of R&B music, white musicians started to copy the same style. By the mid 1950s, this new white R&B music, called rock’n’roll, had become very popular. Singers like Elvis Presley and Bill Haley attracted millions of teenage fans. Their music was fast and loud. Many older people thought that rock’n’roll was very dangerous.
By the early 1960s, even rock’n’roll had become old fashioned. Many of the songs had begun to sound the same. It was at that time a new group from England became popular — the Beatles.
The Beatles first started by singing American style songs, but they soon developed their own style, with more complicated tunes. They also introduced different instruments. Groups like the Beatles had a very important influence on the style of popular music.
By the early 1970s, rock’n’roll had developed into a new form of music. Electronics had replaced the amplified (放大的) guitars and drums of rock’n’roll.“Rock” had arrived.
Rock music had continued to change and develop. It had combined with music from different parts of the world. Today, there are hundreds of different types of rock music, and almost every country has its own form of rock.
语篇解读：本文讲述了摇滚乐的发展史。
1．When had rock’n’roll become very popular
A．By the mid 1950s. B．By the early 1960s.
C．By the mid 1960s. D．By the early 1970s.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第三段第二句“By the mid 1950s, this new white R&B music, called rock’n’roll, had become very popular.”可知答案。
2．Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Beatles
A．This was not an American group.
B．This group had their own style.
C．This group made American style songs popular.
D．The style of popular music had been influenced by this group.
解析：选C 细节理解题。A、B、D三项所述均与文章第四、五段中的信息相符，这个乐队形成了自己的音乐风格，但并没有使美国的音乐风格流行起来，故选C项。
3．It can be inferred from the passage that Elvis Presley and Bill Haley ________.
A．were singers of “R&B”
B．were singers in the mid 1950s
C．were members of the Beatles
D．were popular with old people
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第三段第二、三句可知，像Elvis Presley和Bill Haley这样的歌手很受美国年轻人喜爱，他们是美国50年代中期的歌手。
4．What's the best title for the passage
A．Popular Music
B．The History of Rock Music
C．Different Forms of Music in America
D．The Beatles
解析：选B 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了摇滚乐的发展史。
B
Can you imagine a world without music？Studies show that public schools across the country are cutting back on music classes to save money. Worse, some schools have never had music classes to begin with. But without them, students' academic growth and emotional health could suffer. In fact, music classes are necessary for all students in schools.
Recent studies by Brown University have shown that students who received music education classes were better in math and reading skills than those without music classes. Another study by The College Board found that students taking music and art classes got higher points. Students' academic success seems to depend on their taking part in music education.
Music programs in public schools also help to add to a student's sense of pride and self confidence. Teens today have too many learning tasks. Besides, they have family problems, self confidence problems, relationship troubles, and choices about drugs and alcohol. All of these can stop academic success, but music education can help. A study by The Texas Commission on Drug and Alcohol Abuse found that students who took part in school music programs were less likely to turn to drugs. Music programs encourage students to work together to produce an excellent performance.
Music crosses language, class, cultural and political boundaries (界限)．Music allows students from different countries to connect. For example, at a school talent show, a new Japanese student played a piano duet (二重奏) with an American classmate. Although they could not communicate verbally (口头上), they were able to read the music in order to play the duet. Two students from different cultures worked as a team with self confidence and common purpose through music.
The gift of music is priceless. We need to be sure to have necessary music classes for all students. The world is losing its music, and putting music into schools is the first step to get it back.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了中学音乐教育。现在好多学校都不重视音乐课，那么音乐课到底有没有用呢？
5．Education with music classes could ________.
A．waste a lot more money from parents
B．help students improve their school work
C．lead to a lot of emotional problems easily
D．have a bad influence on the quality of education
解析：选B 由第一段中的“But without them, students' academic growth and emotional health could suffer.”可知没有音乐课，学生的学业发展和情感健康就会受到影响，反过来，有音乐的教育有助于促进学生学业的发展。故答案为B。
6．The two studies seem to show that ________.
A．students with great success attended music lessons
B．not all students took part in music lessons
C．music plays an important role in students' success
D．students having music classes are better in all lessons
解析：选C 由第二段“Students' academic success seems to depend on their taking part in music education.”可知答案为C。
7．The example in Paragraph 4 mainly suggests that ________.
A．Japan has a good international relationship with America
B．different cultures have different styles of music
C．music makes cross country communication possible
D．Japanese and American students are good at playing the piano
解析：选C 由第四段的“Music crosses language, class, cultural and political boundaries (界限)．”为主题句，下面的例子是为了举证。即作者举例是为了说明音乐无国界。故答案为C。
8．What is the best title for the text
A．Music — a bridge to understanding
B．How to get music back
C．The importance of listening to music
D．Music education in schools
解析：选D 本文主要讲述了中学音乐教育。全篇围绕这一主题，介绍了中学音乐教育的缺乏和开设音乐教育课的意义。故答案为D。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Hello, I'm Helen. I'm introducing you to one of the most famous __1__ (theatre) in the world, __2__ you can hear and see wonderful performances of opera and ballet. It's the Royal Opera House. The Royal Opera House was built in 1858. And it __3__ (be) actually the third theatre that we have had on this land at Covent Garden. The first theatre was built in 1732, and it burnt down in 1808. The second one was built in 1809 and it burnt down in 1856.
But it's not just the __4__ (build) that makes it __5__ (impress); it's also the performances on stage that make it an amazing place __6__ (visit). The Royal Opera House is home __7__ two companies, the Royal Ballet and the Royal Opera. They are both full time here, and they give almost 300 performances of opera and ballet every year.
The Royal Ballet and the Royal Opera have dancers and singers from all over __8__ world. In recent years, we've had two famous singers from China — Zhang Liping and Dai Yuqiang.
There are some cheap tickets __9__ (offer) there, but the number of them is limited, so I think the best thing to do is buy __10__ (they) in advance.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。本文介绍了与英国皇家歌剧院相关的一些信息。
1．theatres 由该空前面的one of the most famous可知，此处填theatre的复数形式theatres。
2．where 分析句子结构可知，填关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句，where在该定语从句中作地点状语。
3．is 该空所在句前半句陈述的是一般事实，故这里用一般现在时。
4．building 由该空前的the可知填build的名词形式building，意为“建筑物”。
5．impressive 此处指“让人印象深刻的，给人深刻印象的”，故填impress的形容词形式impressive。
6．to visit 此处填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词place。
7．to be home to为固定短语，意为“是……的所在地”。
8．the from all over the world为固定短语，意为“来自世界各地的”。
9．offered 该空前面的cheap tickets是动词offer所表示动作逻辑上的宾语，故填offer的过去分词形式作后置定语。
10．them 动词buy后面跟宾语，故填they的宾格形式them，指代前面提到的cheap tickets。PAGE
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课时跟踪练(三) Grammar & Writing
Ⅰ.将下列句子中省略的成分补充完整
1．(You) Have a good time.
2．What (I_am) about a cup of tea
3．—Are you feeling better now
—(I_am_feeling) Much better.
4．I study at college and my little brother (studies) at middle school.
5．You are unhappy. Can you tell me why (you_are_unhappy)
6．If (it_is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.
7．Make a mark where (it_is) necessary.
8．Had I had time (＝If_I_had_had_time), I would have gone with you.
9．She didn't join in the game though she had promised to (join_in_the_game)．
10．—Could you go to the cinema with me
—I'm glad to (go_to_the_cinema_with_you)．
Ⅱ.完成句子(用省略句)
1．——你会去参加聚会吗？
——当然会去，如果被邀请。
—Will you go to the party
—Of course I will if_invited.
2．——你认为周末会下雨吗？
——我认为不会。
—Do you think it is going to rain over the weekend
—I_believe_not.
3．——倘若我再一次被抓到吸烟怎么办？
——你肯定会受到惩罚。
—What_if I am caught smoking again
—You are sure to be punished.
4．要不是有免费的票，我不会经常去看电影的。
Had_it_not_been for the free tickets, I would not have gone to see the films so often.
5．我想正午会有一班火车。要是没有，你只好等到十二点半了。
I think there's a train at midday. If_not,_you'll have to wait till 12：30.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The late, great producer Phil Ramone worked with many famous popular singers. However, one of his albums is a little different. It's classical music, made for children.
“He actually started as a child violinist，” said Marc Neikrug, a famous classical composer who worked together with Ramone on the album, “Sunken Cathedrals，” after being introduced by Rock Positano, a doctor with a special interest in music's value to medicine. “The three of us all want to promote classical music to children.”
In the digital age when children develop surrounded by constant distractions (使人分心的事物), however, Neikrug sees a very particular value in classical music. “I'm concerned about a world in which there is an almost aggressive move to lower people's attention spans (持续时间)，” he said. “That's terrifying. How do you even absorb and learn things How do you expect kids to do well in school？”
“I think it's really important to let kids build some kind of ability to focus，” Neikrug said. “Great music can do that, because you're drawn into what you're listening to. A two or three minute music may not seem so long to concentrate on, but it's a good attention span for kids，” he said. “We picked the pieces very deliberately to be not too long.”
All of the pieces on the two part album are unadapted, complete works of classical music. “Phil, Dr. Rock and I were all completely convinced that we need little, short, beautiful pieces for kids. They happen to be really good for adults too，” he pointed out, though the words “Classics for Kids” on the cover might scare some grown people off.
This doesn't mean you should toss all of your popular music albums away or trash all the screen devices (设备) in your home. “I'm not an advocate for disregarding the reality of living in this world，” Neikrug said. “I would say someone who grows up able to focus for an hour and equally able to use the smartphone with one hand, is fine.”
语篇解读：本文是议论文。Neikrug与Ramone合作制作了一张儿童古典音乐专辑，他认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力。
1．What did Marc Neikrug and Rock Positano have in common
A．They had the same career.
B．They had the same interest.
C．They had the same circle of friends.
D．They had the same number of children.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Marc Neikrug, a famous classical composer”和“Rock Positano, a doctor with a special interest in music's value to medicine. ‘The three of us all want to promote classical music to children.’”可知，Marc Neikrug和Rock Positano都对音乐感兴趣，致力于让孩子从小就听古典音乐。
2．What was Neikrug worried about
A．People's decreasing attention spans.
B．People becoming too aggressive.
C．People's low learning ability.
D．People losing faith in school.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I'm concerned about a world in which there is an almost aggressive move to lower people's attention spans (持续时间)”可知，当今世界让人们的持续关注时间不断减少，Neikrug对此表示担忧。
3．Why did Ramone and Neikrug select short pieces for the album
A．To attract distracted adults.
B．Because of their own preference.
C．To include more pieces in the album.
D．Because of kids' mental characteristics.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“... ‘A two or three minute music may not seem so long to concentrate on, but it's a good attention span for kids，’ he said. ‘We picked the pieces very deliberately to be not too long.’”可知，由于孩子的持续关注时间很短，所以Ramone和Neikrug专门选短小的曲子迎合孩子们的心智特征。
4．What does the text want to tell us
A．Popular music producers turned to classical music.
B．Classical music can coexist with digital devices.
C．It's never too late to listen to classical music.
D．Kids can benefit from classical music.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“‘I think it's really important to let kids build some kind of ability to focus，’ Neikrug said. ‘Great music can do that, because you're drawn into what you're listening to ...”可以看出，Neikrug认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力，这也是他与Ramone合作制作儿童古典音乐专辑的原因。
B
Have you ever wondered why malls, restaurants, and even theaters have music playing Well, just look back at how you have felt when you have heard music playing at these places.Playing the right type of music can help people feel better.Music also has an effect on your concentration (集中注意力)．Music even helps patients feel better and helps them recover faster and better.
Depression (沮丧) is a state of mind that most of us experience at some point of time.There are periods in our life when everything can seem difficult.Studies have shown that music can be a major mood (心情) lifter in such situations.Music also plays a great role in reducing anxiety.Anxiety often causes lack (不足) of sleep and other related problems.
Music is often known as the international language.We may not know the language another person is speaking but most of us respond to music in the same manner.Music is one of the best ways to lift your moods, but this can depend a lot on the type of music you listen to.While happy music can make you feel better, sad music can further drown your spirits.If the tempo (拍子) is fast, you will become excited and dance to the music.Listening to classical music can often make you feel powerful while soft music can be the perfect way to help you relax at the end of a long day.
If you want to use music to change the way you are feeling, you need to recognize the type of music that can lift your moods.Once you know the type of music you can use, you can use it to change the way you feel.
语篇解读：音乐能够改善我们的心情，但是不同的音乐对于我们的情绪的影响是不一样的。 因此，我们要弄清各种音乐的作用，选择适合自己的音乐。
5．What type of music should you listen to after a tiring day
A．Classical music. B．Rock music.
C．Sad music. D．Soft music.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“...while soft music can be the perfect way to help you relax at the end of a long day”可知，我们疲倦时最好听一些轻音乐。
6．The effects of music include ________.
a．making us feel relaxed b．helping us sleep well
c．helping us concentrate d．lowering our spirits
e．helping patients recover
f．helping us communicate well with any person
A．a, b, f B．a, b, d, f
C．a, b, c, d, e D．a, b, c, d, e, f
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，音乐能够让人感到放松、缓解压力、减轻焦虑(由此改善睡眠)、缓解病人的痛苦、帮助人们集中注意力，同时伤感的音乐也会让人情绪低落，由此可知音乐的效果包括C项所列的5种效果。
7．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A．To listen to proper music.
B．To learn to play an instrument.
C．To enjoy some music every day.
D．To listen to music as much as possible.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者建议我们应根据自己的具体情况听适合自己的音乐。
8．What can be used as the best title of the passage
A．How music affects our health
B．The effects of music on our moods
C．How to choose the right type of music
D．Why music is called the international language
解析：选B 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述的是音乐能够影响我们的情绪，由此可知B项作为文章标题最佳。
Ⅳ.阅读七选五
Running for 30－40 minutes three times a week can be a fantastic way to build muscle while losing fat. __1__
Stretch 5－10 minutes before each run. __2__ That is vitally important to avoid injury and too much stress on your body. Moving from top to bottom (or bottom to top), rotate your joints clockwise and counter clockwise until they feel loose and easy.
Avoid heelstriking. When running, many people tend to overextend their leg when striding forward, resulting in a great amount of heelstriking. __3__ Imagine how you would run if you had on no shoes at all — you would avoid striking your heel because it would hurt. So when you go running, run with the barefoot model in mind.
Learn to “run tall”. To help you maintain the right posture, remind yourself to “run tall” — that is, hold your body as though someone were pulling you up by your hair, with a slight forward lean. To help you get the sense of what the proper position feels like, interlock your hands and rest them on your head, then run. That's the body position you want to maintain.
__4__ Don't allow your arms to cross over your body — it's bad form and it wastes energy.
Breathe regularly. Keep an even rate of breathing while running. __5__ That is, take deep breaths into your stomach rather than shallow breaths into your chest.
A．It is both bad for your form and for your lower body.
B．Keep your muscles flexible.
C．Keep your arms beside your body.
D．Here are some tips on how to take exercise.
E．How do you get started if you're new to running
F．Breathe with your belly.
G．Breathe deeply.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跑步时的五个注意事项。
1．解析：选E 上文提到减肥时每周跑三次，每次跑步30至40分钟可能是增强肌肉的好方法。紧接着下文介绍了跑步时应注意的事项。E项“如果你之前没有跑过步，该如何开始呢？”能够引出下文，符合语境。故选E。
2．解析：选B 根据下文“to avoid injury and too much stress on your body”可知，每次跑步前热身5至10分钟，目的是让肌肉放松，以便在跑步过程中避免受伤以及身体承受太多的压力，B项符合上下文语境。故选B。
3．解析：选A 上文提到跑步时要避免脚后跟重重落地。许多人往前跑时，往往伸腿过度，导致脚后跟频繁触地。A项“这对你的形体和下身都有害处”与上文构成逻辑上的因果关系，符合语境。故选A。
4．解析：选C 根据下文中的“Don't allow your arms to cross over your body”可知，不要让你的胳膊交叉在胸前，这是不好的姿势而且浪费力气。由此可知，本段建议应该将胳膊保持在身体的两侧，C项符合语境。故选C。
5．解析：选F 根据下文中的“That is, take deep breaths into your stomach”可知，跑步时要深呼吸，要把空气吸入腹部，而不是胸腔，F项“用你的腹部呼吸”符合语境。故选F。PAGE
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课时跟踪练(四) Project
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．People tend to_need (need) less sleep as they get older.
2．Today there is a trend towards less formal clothing.
3．It is the time for local companies to seek out business opportunities in Europe.
4．He declined to_go (go) to the cinema with me, saying that he was busy going over his lessons.
5．With the development of the central and western China, more and more cities have sprung up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．去年这个海岛的游客人数减少了10%。
The number of tourists to the island declined_by_10% last year.
2．简人倒不错，就是往往太唠叨了。
Jean's nice but she has_a_tendency_to_talk too much.
3．是他们开创了过低碳生活的新潮流。
It was they that set/started_a_new_trend_of living a low carbon life.
4．无论他在什么地方都快乐。
Wherever/No_matter_where_he_may_be,_he will be happy.
5．在你告诉汤姆真相前，他似乎还不知道这件事。
Tom seemed_not_to_have_known it before you told him the truth.
Ⅲ.完形填空
In my opinion, classical music is a bit like mushrooms! You don't see the __1__？ Let me explain. When I was younger, I didn't like mushrooms. They had a __2__ texture (纹理) and no taste at all, and I used to __3__ them out of every dish in which my mum tried to hide them. But gradually, as I got older, my __4__ changed. I started to try mushroom flavored things like soups and sauces, and __5__ I found I could eat mushrooms without __6__ painful expressions. And now I even quite __7__ them! So my mum's prediction that I would grow into them was proved quite __8__.
Similarly, I always __9__ classical music as this boring type that only boring grown ups liked. __10__ my parents played it in the car, I would count down the __11__ until we could change it to my preferred type: pop. But while at university, I found that __12__ orchestral music was just the thing for library revision (复习) playlists — it had no lyrics to catch my __13__， and the pieces tended to be very long: __14__ for long work sessions (时间)!
Recently, my developing __15__ with classical music reached a new __16__ when I voluntarily chose to go to a ballet. Admittedly, it was the dancing that originally __17__ me, but once there I completely loved the __18__ too. It was The Nutcracker, and I was __19__ by just how much of the music I recognized! The Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy, The Russian Dance, The Waltz of the Flowers — they all sounded __20__. I didn't know how I knew them, and I just knew that I did! And I loved them. My parents would be proud.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。我们很难把蘑菇与古典音乐联系在一起。但对于作者而言，它们却有着很大的相似之处。这是为什么呢？
1．A.truth B．cause
C．link D．difference
解析：选C 由“classical music is a bit like mushrooms”可知，此处是指蘑菇与古典音乐之间的联系。
2．A.natural B．terrible
C．complex D．delicate
解析：选B 出于对蘑菇的厌恶以及本空后的“no taste at all”可知，作者认为蘑菇有糟糕的纹理。
3．A.pick B．kick
C．drive D．take
解析：选A 由“in which my mum tried to hide them”可知，作者过去常把蘑菇从饭菜里挑出来。
4．A.belief B．method
C．view D．life
解析：选C 根据后文可知，后来作者对蘑菇的观点改变了。
5．A.recently B．luckily
C．undoubtedly D．eventually
解析：选D 由“I started to”可知，最终作者发现自己可以不用面带痛苦的表情去吃蘑菇了。
6．A.seeing B．showing
C．changing D．reading
解析：选B 参见上题解析。
7．A.value B．defend
C．miss D．enjoy
解析：选D 此处与上文“I didn't like mushrooms”形成对比，表示喜欢。
8．A.right B．fantastic
C．potential D．false
解析：选A 妈妈曾经预言作者会喜欢上吃蘑菇，事实证明，妈妈的预言是对的。
9．A.used B．made
C．thought of D．dreamed of
解析：选C 同样地，作者一直都把古典音乐看成只有无聊的大人才会欣赏的无聊音乐类型。
10．A.Since B．Whether
C．However D．Whenever
解析：选D 每当父母在车里放这种古典音乐时，作者都会度日如年，倒数着时间，直到可以换成作者喜欢听的流行音乐。
11．A.moments B．minutes
C．days D．numbers
解析：选B 参见上题解析。
12．A.heavy B．live
C．calming D．exciting
解析：选C 由“the thing for library revision playlists”可知，此处是指舒缓的管弦乐。
13．A.breath B．attention
C．heart D．sight
解析：选B 由“for library revision playlists”和“it had no lyrics”可知，这种音乐没有让人分心的歌词。
14．A.essential B．normal
C．permanent D．perfect
解析：选D 这种持续时间比较长的音乐是很适合长时间的工作的。
15．A.relationship B．friendship
C．leadership D．membership
解析：选A 此处是指作者与古典音乐之间逐渐改善的关系。
16．A.attitude B．level
C．look D．challenge
解析：选B 此处指这种关系达到了一个新的高度或水平。
17．A.attracted B．disappointed
C．worried D．comforted
解析：选A 由“but once there I completely loved”可知，一开始吸引作者去看芭蕾的只是舞蹈。
18．A.performers B．story
C．music D．circumstances
解析：选C 下文“the music”有提示，当作者到达那里时，发现自己也很喜欢其中的音乐。
19．A.amused B．confused
C．encouraged D．surprised
解析：选D 由“how much of the music I recognized”可知，作者刚发现自己竟然知道那么多的古典音乐，这让他自己都感到惊讶。
20．A.familiar B．serious
C．strange D．wonderful
解析：选A 由上文作者能列出音乐的名字和下文“I didn't know how I knew them, and I just knew that I did”可知，这些音乐对于作者来说都很熟悉。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own.The US is well known for jazz, which has gained world wide popularity.
In contrast to classical music, which follows formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous (自发的) and free form.It is full of energy, expressing the moods, interests, and feelings of the people.It has a modern sound that makes people very excited.In the 1920s jazz sounded like America.And so it does today.
The origins of this music are as interesting as the music itself. Jazz was produced by American blacks, who were brought to the Southern States as slaves.They were sold to plantation owners (种植园主) and forced to work long hours in the cotton and tobacco fields.This work was hard and life was short.When a Negro died, his friends and relatives formed a group to carry the body to the cemetery.
A band often went with them.On the way to the cemetery the band played slow and sad music.But on the way home the mood changed.Spirits_lifted.Everybody was happy.Death had removed one of their members, but the living were glad to be alive.The band played happy music, which made everyone want to dance.It was an early form of jazz.
Music has always been important in their ing mainly from West Africa, the black men who were brought to America already possessed a rich musical tradition.This music centered on religious ceremonies (宗教仪式) in which dancing, singing, clapping and stamping (顿足) to the beat of a drum were important forms of musical expression.As these people settled in to their fields, they made up work songs.Singing made the hard work go faster.
Another musical form that helped to develop jazz was the blues.Blues songs always describe something sad — an unhappy love affair, a money problem, bad luck.To this day, the expression “feeling blue” means being sad.
语篇解读：本文讲述了爵士乐的起源。
1．Through jazz, people can express ________.
A．their moods B．their feelings
C．their interests D．all the above
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“It is full of energy, expressing the moods, interests, and feelings of the people.”可以得到答案。
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Jazz follows European traditions.
B．Jazz always describes something sad.
C．Jazz was first produced by black slaves.
D．Blues made the hard work of those slaves go faster.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“Jazz was produced by American blacks ...”可知，爵士乐是由美国黑人奴隶创作的。
3．The underlined sentence “Spirits lifted” in Paragraph 4 suggests that ________.
A．everybody was feeling blue
B．everybody was still in a sad mood
C．everybody became happy
D．people's souls went to the heaven
解析：选C 句意理解题。从“Spirits lifted.”前的“sad music”到“the mood changed”以及后面的“Everybody was happy.Death had removed one of their members, but the living were glad to be alive.The band played happy music ...”可知，spirits lifted的意思为“精神振奋”。
4．What should be the best title for this passage
A．A Light Music
B．Black Men's Music
C．The Origin of the Jazz Music
D．The Popular Music — Jazz in the US
解析：选C 标题归纳题。本文的中心是讲述爵士乐的起源。PAGE
第 1 页 共 7 页
课时跟踪练(一) Welcome to the unit & Reading— Language
points
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is evident that Jenny is happy, for she is smiling.
2．Jiuzhaigou is very beautiful and I fall in love with it.
3．Then came the disturbing (disturb) news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
4．The head teacher scolded the boy for what he had done in the class.
5．Just go to the shop, show them the dress, and demand they (should)_pay (pay) the damage.
6．An accident happened to him, but luckily he had an X ray which revealed no broken (break) bones.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．警察命令把大门关上。
The police demanded that the_gate_(should)_be_shut.
2．她不愿意承认自己错了。
She is_unwilling_to_admit that she was wrong.
3．一位年轻女子因扮演苔丝德蒙娜而出名。
A young woman is famous for being_cast_in_the_role of Desdemona.
4．这消息最令我高兴。
There's no_more_delightful_news to me.
5．再过些时候我们才能知道全部结果。
It_will_be_some_time_before we know the full results.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Music plays an important role in the development of children from the time they are born. Some argue that music can have a __1__ effect on a child even before birth. Music __2__ children in their development and communication. Music also enables children to learn faster in other __3__ of development, such as language and memorization.
First, music can aid the __4__ development of a child in a number of ways. It helps them to __5__ things. For example, most children learn the __6__ and commit it to memory by learning the alphabet song. Since music is __7__ on a series of patterns, __8__ exposure to music enables children to recognize patterns. This ability helps children develop their math, science and reading skills.
Second, __9__ children to music from different parts of the __10__ will help them to learn about other cultures and recognize differences __11__ cultures. This can also help children __12__ an appreciation for different cultures and traditions. Besides, getting __13__ moving their bodies to music is a fun and simple form of __14__， which is a good way to fight child obesity. __15__ and dances can also help children identify their different body parts and learn their __16__ side from their left side.
__17__， listening to music, learning songs, learning to __18__ a musical instrument and learning to dance all require children to listen __19__ to instructions, words and melodies. This __20__ focus on something the children enjoy doing will help them to develop strong listening skills, which will aid them later in life.
语篇解读：音乐对孩子的发展是非常重要的。它不仅能够促进孩子的智力发展，还是一种很好的锻炼方式。
1．A.harmful B．positive
C．slight D．dangerous
解析：选B 第一句提到从孩子出生起，音乐就对他们的发展起着重要作用。该空所在句紧承上文，点明有些人认为甚至在孩子出生前音乐就对他们有“积极的”影响。
2．A.aids B．occurs
C．exists D．hides
解析：选A 该空前后的内容讲的都是音乐的益处，故此处是说音乐有助于孩子的发展和交流。aid sb. in sth.意为“在某方面帮助某人”。
3．A.designs B．questions
C．areas D．deals
解析：选C 该空后面所举的语言和记忆是孩子发展的其他“方面/领域”。
4．A.emotional B．spiritual
C．physical D．intellectual
解析：选D 该空所在句是本段的主旨句。本段中提到的开发记忆力和识别模式都是孩子的“智力”发展方面。
5．A.imagine B．increase
C．judge D．remember
解析：选D 根据下一句所举例子“commit it to memory”可知，音乐可以帮助孩子“记住”一些东西。
6．A.number B．alphabet
C．spelling D．reading
解析：选B 根据本空后“by learning the alphabet song”可知，通过字母歌来学习的应当是“字母表”。
7．A.spent B．taught
C．listed D．based
解析：选D 因为音乐是以不同模式为基础的，所以早期接触音乐可以帮助孩子识别不同的模式。be based on意为“以……为基础”。
8．A.early B．official
C．simple D．recent
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
9．A.returning B．forcing
C．exposing D．expressing
解析：选C 让孩子接触音乐会帮助他们了解与音乐有关的文化。expose sb. to sth.意为“让某人接触某物”。
10．A.book B．video
C．world D．field
解析：选C 最能帮助孩子们学习其他文化的应当是来自“世界”不同地区的音乐。
11．A.after B．between
C．over D．about
解析：选B 联系该句中的“different parts”可知，此处应表示让孩子了解不同文化“之间”的差异。
12．A.surround B．require
C．order D．develop
解析：选D 在了解不同的文化以及它们之间的差异后，孩子们可以“养成”一种对不同文化和传统的鉴赏力。
13．A.adults B．children
C．friends D．elders
解析：选B 因为本文主要论述的是音乐对孩子们的影响，所以此处应表示音乐会让“孩子们”动起来。
14．A.exercise B．manner
C．behavior D．feeling
解析：选A 让孩子们随着音乐运动身体是一种简单有趣的可以帮助孩子们对抗肥胖问题的“锻炼”方式。
15．A.Films B．Songs
C．Texts D．Operas
解析：选B 本空前一句讲了让孩子们随着音乐舞动身体的益处。该空所在句继续谈论“歌曲”和舞蹈的作用。
16．A.both B．left
C．right D．either
解析：选C 分析本句的结构和内容可知，此处应选与该空后的left相对的right“右侧的”。
17．A.Finally B．Totally
C．Frankly D．Luckily
解析：选A 根据前面两段开头的First和Second可知，此处应选Finally，以引出对最后一点的论述。
18．A.play B．repair
C．make D．sell
解析：选A 本文旨在论述音乐的益处，故此处应指“演奏”一种乐器。
19．A.frequently B．fluently
C．carefully D．carelessly
解析：选C 根据下一句中的“focus on something”可知，此处指孩子要“认真”听从各种指令、词语和旋律。
20．A.ignored B．advanced
C．lost D．needed
解析：选D 当孩子们在做他们喜欢做的事情时，他们“需要”专注，而这种专注有助于孩子们以后的发展。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Hospitals employ many therapeutic (治疗的) methods, such as medication (药物治疗), massage (按摩) therapy and music therapy.And music therapy is growing in popularity.
Sandra Siedliecki is a Senior Scientist at the Nursing Institute of Cleveland Clinic in Ohio.She says music is a low cost treatment.And she says scientists have done a lot of research on music's effect on pain.Dr.Marian Good did a lot of studies looking at surgery (外科) patients and the use of music.In her studies, patients just listened to relaxing music.Dr.Good found that her surgery patients took fewer painkillers after they listened to music.Music had a good effect on short term pain.However, chronic pain, the kind that recurs (复发) continually, changed a little under the effect of music.
Dr.Linda Chlan was studying something different.She was not interested in patients' pain, but instead, their anxiety.She spent a lot of time with people who were in the hospital because their anxiety was so great that they couldn't breathe.People with this condition often have to use breathing machines.Dr.Chlan said that the machines sometimes did little to improve their condition.Sometimes they even made things worse.The patients would become more anxious.Dr.Chlan let nurses tell patients that music was a good choice to make them feel better.They also placed signs near the patients' beds — Listen to your music at least twice a day.The people who listened to music had a reduction (减少) in the amount of medication they received.In addition, their anxiety reduced by about 36 percent.
Both doctors had similar explanations for why music was so helpful.Music can be a very powerful distracter (干扰) in the brain when we're listening to music that is pleasing and then it interrupts stressful thoughts.
语篇解读：音乐疗法在许多医院越来越流行。研究表明，令人感到轻松愉快的音乐可以干扰人的大脑，由此减少痛感、减轻压力。
1．Dr.Marian Good's studies show that music therapy ________.
A．can help patients recover fast
B．cannot take the place of medication
C．doesn't work well on all patients
D．is cheaper than massage therapy and medication
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，音乐疗法对于短期疼痛疗效显著，但是对于慢性疼痛则收效甚微，即音乐疗法并不适用于所有的病人。
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Dr.Good and Dr.Chlan didn't agree with each other on music's effect.
B．Patients will forget their illnesses completely while listening to music.
C．Patients with great anxiety would not recover after taking medicine.
D．Listening to enjoyable music is a good way to relieve anxiety.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中所讲的Dr.Linda Chlan的研究结果以及最后一段中的“Music can be ...stressful thoughts.”可知，愉快的音乐可以分散大脑的注意力，从而缓解人们的紧张情绪。
3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A．The brain. B．Music.
C．Stress. D．Medicine.
解析：选B 代词指代题。画线词it所在的句子的意思是“音乐是一种强有力的可以分散大脑注意力的东西，愉快的音乐可以缓解人们的紧张情绪”。由此可知it指代音乐。
4．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A．To show that music therapy is useful.
B．To encourage all patients to listen to music.
C．To tell how to reduce pain and anxiety.
D．To explain how music reduces pain and anxiety.
解析：选A 写作意图题。作者通过介绍两位医生的调查研究告诉我们音乐可以减轻病人的疼痛以及缓解人们的压力。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
How can I get self motivation
When you are feeling less than motivated, it can be easy to fall behind on your work, personal life and aspirations. When this mood strikes, it is important to dig deep down and find a way to pull yourself through it to become the self motivated person that you long to be.
__1__ For example, if your final goal is to do a 5k run, make running a half mile without stopping your first level of achievements. It doesn't have to be achieved all at once, but little by little. When you feel that you have fully reached your first level, move on to the next. Having a final goal, and setting steps to get there, can help you have mini achievements. __2__
When you want to reach a certain goal, it often helps to imagine already achieving it. You may be able to be more self motivated if you keep track of your progress. __3__ Put one picture on the top of each page, and underneath, write what you did to reach that goal. If there are too few words on the page, it may be time to step up your efforts.
Special quotations can be a good way to inspire self motivation. Find a quote that moves you and inspires you in a way that no other set of words has before. __4__ Look at it on a daily basis, and use it as a way to inspire you to be more self motivated.
__5__ Even on days when your motivation is lacking, there are ways that you can do what you need to do. If you want to be more self motivated, it takes a lot of sweat and drive, but it can eventually produce the results that you are longing for.
A．This practice can increase your drive to keep on going.
B．It is you that have to motivate yourself to achieve your goal.
C．Consider setting different levels of achievements for yourself.
D．If possible, turn those words into an art print and hang it in your home.
E．Consider creating a journal with pictures of what you want to accomplish.
F．An important way to be self motivated is to push forward to get what you want.
G．Being self motivated can be difficult at times, but the effort usually reaps the rewards.
语篇解读：本文讲述了如何进行自我激励。
1．解析：选C 本段讲述了把目标分成一个一个的小部分，一点一点地实现目标。所以本处选“考虑为自己设置不同水平的目标”，符合语境。故选C。
2．解析：选A 由前一句“有了终极目标并一步一步地去实现它，这能够让你取得一些小的成就”可知，本处选“这种做法会增加你前进的动力”顺承上文，符合语境。故选A。
3．解析：选E 根据空后一句中的“one picture”可知，E项符合语境。
4．解析：选D 本段讲述了用格言激励自己是一个好方法。D项“可能的话，把这些格言变成艺术字悬挂在你家里”与下文“每天看它来激励自己”衔接，符合语境。故选D。
5．解析：选G 最后一段进行总结。G项“有时自我激励会很难，但是努力通常会有回报”与下文的“最终会有你想要的结果”呼应，符合语境。故选G。
