2023届高考二轮总复习课件英语 （适用于老高考旧教材） 专题二七选五(共118张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2023届高考二轮总复习课件英语 （适用于老高考旧教材） 专题二七选五(共118张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-01-09 11:14:15 | ||
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(共118张PPT)
第一部分 阅读
专题二 七选五
英 语
2023
内容索引
NO.1 读文总策略 破解七选五必备3大策略
NO.2 题型微技法 提升七选五解题8大技法
NO.3 真题实战 经典对练拿高分
读文总策略 破解七选五
必备3大策略
NO.1
策略一 利用外在线索,缩小选项范围
句子在段落中的位置不同,所起的作用也不同。明确挖空特点和篇章结构,善用语篇标记信息,如小标题、主旨句、首段尾句和标点符号等,就能缩小选择范围,降低题目难度。
策略二 利用内在关系,确保解题正确
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体,各部分之间存在一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看,句子之间常常有并列、递进、顺承、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系,有时甚至包含不止一种关系。因此,理解七选五的阅读材料时,一定要把握文脉,弄清其中的逻辑关系。同时,考生也要注意文中的词汇线索,包括词汇复现,代词的指代关系等。
策略三 多维思考,提升读文速度
2022年1月浙江卷 主题语境:人与自我——完善自我
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day,and still feel happy and relaxed. 31
●Pick the most important.
32 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies,but don’t want the life of a big company CEO.My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
●Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends,family,work,play,etc. 33 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.Build your social life around people in your work environment.Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and activities you love.
● 34
You would think learning takes more time from you,but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,freeing you up for the most important.Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
●Lighten up.
The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone.Celebrate progress and keep refining(改进) toward a happy productive existence. 35 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up.
B.Be an active learner.
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
篇章结构
考情分析
1.文章长度:正文词数加上选项词数约300词。
2.主题语境:包含新课标中的全部主题语境,以人与社会主题居多。
3.设空均匀:一段一题(少于5段或某段较长,可一段两题)。
4.设空位置:文章首句一般不设空;段首主旨句或段落小标题(0—2题)、段中过渡句和细节句(0—5题,重点考查);段末结论句(0—2题)。
5.选项特点:正确选项的主旨句能准确概括段落大意,过渡句和细节句前后语意衔接;干扰选项的主旨句以偏概全或偏离主题,过渡句或细节句上下句不连贯。
文体特点
七选五的选材以说明文为主,偶尔考议论文和记叙文。其文章多为“总—分”或“总—分—总”结构。
读文策略
第1步:速读全文,把握主旨。
第2步:看结构(设空位置),细读5个空前空后内容,画出关键词句。
第3步:找词语(词汇复现)析逻辑,比对选项。
第4步:代入选项,通读检查。
思路分析
31.本空设在段末,是承上启下句。根据空前的“make the most of every day”可知作者能够充分利用时间,并且感到开心和放松,下文各段是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几点建议,因此第31题选 项。
32.本空设在段首,是段落主旨句。根据该部分小标题和空后内容可知,作者在本段强调要将时间用于自己认为最重要且想做的事情上,因此第32题选 项。
33.本空设在段中,是承上启下句。根据该部分小标题和空后的“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.”可知,作者不建议把时间分开来进行多项活动,因此第33题选 项。
F
D
C
34.本空为小标题,考查段落主旨。根据下文内容可知,本段主要介绍了与学习有关的内容,B项“做一个积极的学习者”能够概括段落主旨。选项中的“learner”与下文中的“learning”的对应关系也是提示。因此第34题选
项。
35.本空设在段中,是承上启下句。根据空前的“Celebrate progress...a happy productive existence.” 和空后 “Every completion”可知,空处内容应与列举或记录各项事物有关,因此第35题选 项。
B
G
题型微技法 提升七选五
解题8大技法
NO.2
聚焦命题明晰增分策略
研命题 透析高考真题,把握命题规律
年份 试卷 体裁 主题 设空位置 段首 段中 段尾
2022 全国甲卷 说明文 不同文化外出就餐的注意事项 1 3 1
全国乙卷 说明文 如何保持长久的友谊 3 1 1
2021 全国甲卷 说明文 回收利用旧衣服以保护环境 1 4 0
全国乙卷 说明文 如何做一个有趣的聚餐人 2 2 1
2020 全国Ⅰ卷 说明文 接受自我 1 3 1
全国Ⅱ卷 说明文 表情符号 1 4 0
全国Ⅲ卷 说明文 乔迁聚会 2 2 1
考情解读
1.选材特点:以说明文为主。话题与当代社会生活紧密相关,人文气息浓厚,引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
2.文章结构:文章结构清晰,内容完整,适合考查段落标题、主旨句和过渡句等。篇章结构以“提出问题→解决问题”为主。
3.设空位置:以段中为主,主要考查:①主旨概括句②过渡性句子③注释性句子。
4.词数:正文词数200左右,选项词数100左右。
明策略 升华解题思维,考场有序增分
命题方式 解题步骤 选项特征
以考查上下文逻辑关系为主,考查段落主旨句为辅。间或考查段尾的结论概括性语句。 1.略读全文抓大意 以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章,了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。一般只需花5 10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首句。 2.先看选项初判断 通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。 3.重点阅读上下句 可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或相关性来确定这两个句子之间的关联性,从而进行大胆预测。如果空出的是半句话,还要注意标点符号,并分析句子结构,然后做出判断。 4.观察结构缩小范围 通过观察语言结构可将选择范围大大缩小,一般可将7个选项缩小到2 3个选项,选对的几率大大提高。 1.7个选项中有两个干扰项;
2.选项多为完整句子,句型不同,长短不一,排列由短到长;
3.有时需要填入半句话,句型多为主从结构或者并列结构。(2021年全国甲卷37题,2020全国Ⅱ卷37题、40题)
类型一 利用外在线索解题
技巧点拨领悟解题之道
技法1关注段落小标题
(2022全国乙卷)
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.Although technology might make day-to-day communication.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
设题特点
在一些文章中,有些段落由小标题引领,而设空处恰好是小标题的位置。其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同,认真阅读设空后的段落内容就能推断出小标题。
图解技法
【分析】
本题考查段落小标题。
根据该段的内容可知,周年纪念日、生日等是非常重要的日期,为避免遗忘,要用日记本把一些重要的日期记录下来,故小标题应为“记住重要的日期”。
尝试解答: 。
A
技法2留意段首设空
考向1 段落主旨句
(2021全国乙卷)
36 ,if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
设题特点
正确选项要有概括性,通常与空后的一两句在内容上是连贯且符合逻辑的,在意义上是紧密衔接的。
图解技法
【分析】
本题考查段落主旨句。根据空后的“if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time”可知,空处内容应与走出舒适区或第一次去别人家里的做法有关;再结合下文的“just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers”可知,露面、敢于冒险、尝试不同的食物以及和陌生人交谈是应该做的事。
尝试解答: 。
B
考向2 承上启下句
(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago,they eat great food and never gain weight. 38 (G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.) French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18!
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
设题特点
当非首段的第一句设空时,设空处也有可能是承上启下句。这就要求考生既要熟悉上一段的内容,尤其是上一段的结尾句的内容,又要结合本段内容,使所选答案能够把两段内容进行无缝衔接。
图解技法
【分析】
根据空处所在的位置可知,该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。分析空后内容可知,该段主要讲述了法国人吃得少的另一个原因,即水果价格昂贵。
尝试解答: 。
E
技法3关注段中设空
考向1 细节句
(2022全国甲卷)
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East,it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 ,instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile,you may never touch any food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
设题特点
通常补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。
图解技法
【分析】
根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils(餐具)”可知,本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East,it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands”可知,设空处讲到的应该也是某个国家的风俗。
尝试解答: 。
C
考向2 过渡句
(2022全国甲卷)
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange,but they are important in various countries. 40 ,the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
设题特点
通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的衔接关系,常见的逻辑关系有总分关系、解释关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系和例证关系。
图解技法
【分析】
根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.”可推知,此处指在一个国家待得越久,就会越习惯当地习俗,且此处是“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构。
尝试解答: 。
B
技法4关注段尾设空
考向1 总结句
(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do,how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities,and provided her phone number. 39
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
设题特点
1.设空在段尾时,通常是结论性、概括性语句,是对上文的概括总结。往往正确选项中会出现表示结论或总结的关键词,如:in a word,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,therefore,as a result等。
2.段落过渡句:设空在非尾段的段尾时,也有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。
3.补充信息句:设空在段尾时,也有可能是对上文内容进行补充说明,这时要选择补充性的语句。
图解技法
【分析】
根据上文的“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do...”可知本段的内容和notice有关,该词也是解题的关键。
尝试解答: 。
G
考向2 段落过渡句
(2021浙江1月卷)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need,head to the front,and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. 31 It turns out,it’s just math working against you;chances are,the other line really is faster.
A.Why does this always seem to happen to you
B.So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D.The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
F.With three registers,this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes,as on a Sunday afternoon,the system gets particularly busy.
设题特点
设空在非尾段的段尾时,也有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。
图解技法
【分析】
本题考查承上启下的过渡句。上文描述了“你”排队结账时,发现自己排的队伍总是比别的队伍慢这一现象,下文的“It turns out”“chances are,the other line really is faster”点明了结论,所以空处应为对该现象提出的疑问。结合选项来看,只有A项的内容与结论的内容相匹配,起到了使上下文衔接的过渡作用。
尝试解答: 。
A
考向3 补充信息句
(2022全国乙卷)
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another.With busy schedules,squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36 .
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
设题特点
设空在段尾时,也有可能是对上文内容进行补充说明,这时要选择补充性的语句。
图解技法
【分析】
上文“With busy schedules,squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”讲的是双方都很忙碌,很难有时间给对方打电话,设空处应给出解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法。
尝试解答: 。
D
技法5利用标点符号
(2020全国Ⅱ卷)
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
...
Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling,keeping intention clear. 37 ,encouraging better and more frequent communication.
...
A.Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
设题特点
不同于常见的要填一个完整的句子,有的设空处要填入一个非完整的句子。
图解技法
【分析】
分析语境与选项,设空前一句中的emojis与选项 A 中的 emojis 相呼应, more conversational (更适合交谈)与设空后的more frequent communication(更频繁的交流)相呼应。
尝试解答: 。
A
课堂应用
Passage 1
(2022江西南昌一模)
The Danger of Overusing
Exclamation Marks (感叹号)
I’m well-known for my cheerfulness.Even on my worst days,I still put on a happy face to communicate with people. 1 .
I used to catch myself using exclamations at the end of every sentence in emails to express friendliness. 2 .Just look at the last few messages you sent.If you’re like me,you will probably see exclamations throughout your emails:“I’m excited to hear from you!” and “I’m happy to help out!” But really
The reality is that I’m not always excited to hear from someone I don’t know. 3 ,because I have my own work to do.But fearing others dislike me,my tone is always enthusiastic with exclamation marks,even when the situation doesn’t need it.
Sure,people will think I’m nice,but I sacrifice a lot in this process.First,when I manage others’ feelings in this way,I’m putting my own needs second. 4 .And what’s worse,it’s unnecessary.As I’ve learned the danger of overusing exclamation marks,I’ve decided to use them more properly. 5 .Like a well-placed smile,a thoughtful exclamation mark connects me to the people I communicate with,whether it’s my close friend or a cold email to a stranger.
A.I’m not always happy to help
B.I used to be hesitant to refuse others
C.Chances are that you’ve sent those emails too
D.Managing other people’s feelings is exhausting
E.There are many ways to build a connection beyond punctuation
F.This behaviour can be found in my emails as exclamation marks
G.Now I use exclamations only when it feels honest and authentic
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者曾经喜欢在邮件里使用感叹号来表达自己的热情,说明了其背后的原因以及给自己带来的不良影响。
1.F 根据上文“I’m well-known for my cheerfulness...with people.”以及下一段第一句“I used to catch myself using exclamations...friendliness.”可知,后文提到作者通过在邮件里使用感叹号来表示友好,故F项“这种行为可以在我的邮件中以感叹号的形式找到”符合语境,故选F项。
2.C 根据上下文可知,后文提到了“看看你最近发的短讯里面也有感叹号”,可知“你”也可能发过带感叹号的邮件。故C项“很有可能你也发过这些邮件”符合语境,故选C项。
3.A 根据上下文可知,后文提到作者是因为害怕别人不喜欢自己才语气充满热情,可知作者并不总是乐于帮助别人的,故A项“我并不总是乐于帮忙”符合语境,故选A项。
4.D 根据上文可知,作者提到通过牺牲自我来管理别人的感受,故本句应当是说明作者对此的感受,D项中“Managing other people’s feelings”对应上文中“manage others’ feelings”。故D项“管理别人的感受是很累人的”符合语境,故选D项。
5.G 根据上文“And what’s worse,it’s unnecessary.As I’ve learned the danger of overusing exclamation marks,I’ve decided to use them more properly.”可知,本句承接上文说明作者如今是如何使用感叹号的。故G项“现在我只在感觉诚实和真实的时候才用感叹号”符合语境。
Passage 2
Do you know your neighbors According to a recent study,roughly a quarter of adults under 30 report that they don’t know any of their neighbors.
Learning how to be a kind neighbor is a skill that’s good to learn at a young age. 1 ,they are also applicable to the parents and adults in the room.
Get to know your neighbors.It may seem obvious,but getting to know your neighbors is the first step to becoming a kind neighbor. 2 .And if you feel comfortable,let them know that you’re there to help,if they ever need another hand.
Make small kind gestures a daily practice.Another way to take care of your neighborhood,and to show your neighbors that you care,is by making small acts of kindness a daily practice. 3 .
4 .It can feel so easy to just go home,close your door and turn on the TV without having to make small talk,but connecting with others is worth the effort.And if you take the first step,your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward—making even more people feel good.
Meet and engage with different people. 5 ,but it isn’t always easy to balance this with conversations on safety and the so-called stranger danger.Being told you can’t trust the people around you doesn’t exactly inspire community,and children pick up on that.One way to combat(防止) this stranger danger outlook is by reaching out of your comfort zone and engaging with different people in your neighborhood alongside your kids.
A.While many of these tips are for young people
B.Remind yourself that being connected feels good
C.Ask yourself why you feel uncomfortable and unsafe
D.Encouraging your kids to communicate with your neighbors is important
E.Looking out for your neighbors is an important part of being in a community
F.This can be cleaning up litter or even cleaning up after the pets on your block
G.Get out of your comfort zone and make an effort to learn their names and what they do for work
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。根据最近的一项研究,大约四分之一的30岁以下的成年人表示,他们不认识自己的邻居。文章主要介绍了几种与邻居相处的方式。全文为典型的总分结构。
1. A 下文提到 “他们也适用于家长和成年人”可知,此处是与家长和成年人相对的“适用于年轻人”。故选A项。
2.G 根据本段的主题句“Get to know your neighbors.”可知,此段主要讲述如何了解你的邻居。而G项“走出你的舒适区,努力记住他们的名字和他们的工作。”正是了解邻居的方法,故选G项。
3.F 上句说的是:另一种关照你的邻居,并向你的邻居表明你关心他们的方法是每天做一些善意的小事。分析选项可知,“清理垃圾,甚至是清理宠物的排泄物”符合要求,故选F项。
4. B 下文说的是:“与他人交流是值得的。如果你迈出了第一步,你的小善举可以鼓励别人继续付出,让更多的人感觉良好。”可知,这里是“提醒自己和别人在一起感觉很好”,故选B项。
5. D 根据本段的主题句“与不同的人见面并接触”及下文“但平衡安全对话和所谓的陌生人的危险并不容易”可知,此处为过渡句,“鼓励你的孩子和你的邻居交流是很重要的”,故选D项。
类型二 利用内在关系解题
技法1词汇复现法
(2022全国乙卷)
More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 .There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
技法点拨
词汇复现不是指词语的简单再现,而是指某个词语可能以不同的词类、词性、数、格、时态及语态等形式出现。有时也会以同义词或反义词的形式出现。
图解技法
【分析】
根据上文“you have communicated with your friend”和下文的 “There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”可判断答案。其中的“communication”是复现词。
尝试解答: 。
技法2代词指代法
(2022全国甲卷)
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites,always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 37 .
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
技法点拨
代词的使用主要是为了避免重复,用于指代前面提到的人或物,有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或者概念,如it,they,this,these,that,those,one,ones,all等。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的判断。代词指代需要注意两种情况:一是选项中的代词,二是挖空后面的句子中出现的代词。
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
E.It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
图解技法
【分析】
上一句提到吃饭间歇将筷子放下时,一定要并排放好,以便与你面前的桌子边缘保持平行。F项中的“them”指代上文中的“chopsticks”。
尝试解答: 。
E
技法3逻辑关系法
(2022全国乙卷)
Don’t rely on technology alone
40 ,but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
技法点拨
文章段落之间、句子之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接或过渡,以使文章更加连贯、表达更加清楚,因此文章中表示各种逻辑关系的关联词在选择答案时都是很好的线索。
图解技法
【分析】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain.”讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊,其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折关系,而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结,与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折,而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”中的“technology”。
尝试解答: 。
F
课堂应用
Passage 1
(2022河南洛阳一模)
How to Be a Good Upstairs Neighbor
One must remember to be polite when living in an apartment building.You may unintentionally bother your neighbors with actions that you think to be harmless. 1 Living upstairs,you must always be aware that everything you do may be heard by those who live below.This doesn’t mean that you have to completely change your lifestyle,though.
2 This will greatly reduce the sound of your footsteps,thus limiting the sound your downstairs neighbor will hear.You should always remember to change your shoes when entering your apartment to ensure that your downstairs neighbor doesn’t hear you walking around.
Place carpets in your apartment if you have hardwood floors.Doing so is another way to decrease the sound of steps coming from an upstairs apartment.You can also put your furniture on these carpets. 3
Close your windows when you can.A floor is usually about three meters high,so it’s quite easy to hear your conversations. 4 Therefore,whenever you are watching TV or listening to a radio,try to keep your windows closed as much as possible.
Do your cleaning on weekend afternoons. 5 Doing such housework at 3:00 pm on a Saturday is much better than doing so at 9:30 on a Tuesday night.
A.Wear slippers while in your upstairs apartment.
B.It becomes much easier when your windows are open.
C.No matter what you do,consider your neighbor’s requirements.
D.There’ll be a time when you will run a cleaner to clean your room.
E.This is especially true for those people who live above an apartment.
F.It will disturb your downstairs neighbor who has to work next morning.
G.This keeps your furniture from moving around,thus limiting noise a downstairs neighbor may hear.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍4条如何做一个好的楼上的邻居的建议。
1.E 根据上下文可知,中间空格处要提出住在楼上要注意自己的行为。E项“这对住在楼上的人来说尤其是对的。”跟上下文连贯。故选E项。
2. A 根据下文“This will greatly reduce the sound of your footsteps”可知,这里的This指代上文的行为。A项“在你楼上公寓里时穿拖鞋。”和下文意思一致。
3.G 根据上文“You can also put your furniture on these carpets.”可知,这里是作者建议把家具放在地毯上。G项“这阻止你的家具乱移动,因此限制了楼下邻居可能会听到的噪声。”和上文意思一致。
4. B 根据上文“A floor is usually about three meters high,so it’s quite easy to hear your conversations.”可知,这里是指你屋内的声音可能会被别人听到。B项“当你的窗户开着的时候,这将会变得更加容易。”这里的It指代上文中“to hear your conversations”,和上文意思一致。
5. D 根据上文“Do your cleaning on weekend afternoons.”可知,这一段是说打扫卫生的事情。D项“你会有一个用吸尘器打扫卫生的时间。”和上文意思一致。
Passage 2
(2022安徽淮南一模)
What to Do With a Day Off
If you’re fortunate enough to have today off from work,the most important thing on your to-do list is to actually take the day off.Studies have shown that people send only 40 percent less email on holiday Mondays compared with regular Mondays. 1 Here are a few suggestions on how best to spend your day off.
Evaluate your career.
When was the last time you were completely honest with yourself about your career and whether you’re doing what you want to be doing 2 A full-time worker will spend roughly 80,000 hours at work during her working life,so if you’re in the wrong career that could mean tens of thousands of hours spent devoted to something you don’t even really care about,much less to feel your passion.
Have a family meal.
3 Work,school,sports practices and other obligations all seem to get in the way.But studies show that families who dine at home together are happier and healthier.
4
“I’ll get to it sometime.” Yeah,yeah,it’s what we all tell ourselves to get out of doing the things on our to-do list that are hanging over our heads.But today is a great day just to get it done!Send that email,finish up that task at home,and send that holiday thank-you note you still haven’t gotten around to.Whatever it is,just do it. 5
A.You’ll feel so much better,I promise.
B.It might even make you more productive at work this week.
C.It can be tough to get the whole family together for a meal.
D.Besides,taking time to let your brain rest and recover makes you better at problem-solving.
E.Spend more quality time with your family by having a family meal.
F.If you’re like most people,probably not recently.
G.Do one thing that you’ve been putting off.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何最好地度过一天假期给出一些建议。
1. D 由前文可知,人们一般会选择在假期休息,而D项“Besides,taking time to let your brain rest and recover makes you better at problem-solving.”中“Besides”有承上作用。且这句在说休假的好处,与后文要求人们休假并给建议有启下作用,所以D项切题。
2.F 由上下文可知,人的一生要花很多时间在自己的工作上,如果一项工作不是自己喜欢的,那将意味着你浪费时间,而我们大多数人工作就是为了工作,根本没有在乎自己的兴趣爱好。所以F项“If you’re like most people,probably not recently.”承上解释不要像大多数人一样,要开始思考自己的职业了,启下,后文解释为什么要找自己有兴趣的工作。所以F项切题。
3. C 由小标题“Have a family meal.”以及后文可知这段主要讲“family meal”,再看选项,C项切题。
4.G 由后文可知,我们要开始着手做清单上的事,不要拖延。根据选项,G项“Do one thing that you’ve been putting off(做一件你一直拖延的事).”切题。
5. A 由上文“Whatever it is,just do it.”可知作者在建议我们做一件自己拖延的事情。而A项“You’ll feel so much better,I promise.”表示,如果你做了,你将感觉好受多了。此句与前文构成因果关系。故选A项。
真题实战 经典对练拿高分
NO.3
Group 1
A
(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was:“You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “ 1 ” With a workout partner,you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙) competition.
So,how do you find a workout partner
First of all,decide what you want from that person. 2 Or do you just want to be physically fit,able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media,but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 3 If you plan on working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do,how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities,and provided her phone number. 4
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 5 Over time,both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何选择锻炼伙伴。
1. C 此句为过渡句。上文提到其中的一个原因“如果你知道有人在健身房等你,你就会在那儿出现”,结合空格前面的“another read”可知,空格处应为另一个原因。C项“如果你和别人一起训练,你会更加努力。”可起到承上启下的作用。
2. D 此句为细节句。根据下文的“Or do you just want to be physically fit,able to move with strength and flexibility ”可知,所填的句子也应该是一个一般疑问句。D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动中成为一名更好的运动员吗 ”可以和下文构成选择关系。
3. B 此句为细节句。根据空格后面的“If you plan on working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.”可知,B项“锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。”可引出下文。
4.G 此句为总结句。根据上文的“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do,...”可知,本段的内容和notice有关,该词也是解题的关键。G项“任何针对锻炼伙伴的通知都应包括此类信息。”可作为对该段的总结。其中notice为同词复现。
5.F 此句为过渡句。根据本段的主题句“You and your partner will probably have different skills.( 你和你的伙伴可能会有不同的技能。)”可知,F项“接受你们的不同,学会相互合作。”可承接上文。其中different和difference是同根词复现。
B
(2021北京卷)
Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people. 1 The mental health benefits from music can’t be argued.Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes.
2 However,for the same reason,music can be very beneficial if one is in pain.By distracting (分心)the mind from the pain,music,people say,can lower stress and anxiety levels.This,of course,can lead to less pain.
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. 3 While the validity of the idea is still being assessed,the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure.Similarly,according to researchers,listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels,through the lowering of stress and anxiety.
When it comes to heart health,there is speculation (推测)that it’s not the style of music,but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health.In one European study,participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. 4 On the other hand,when the music slowed,the participants’ stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit.
5 But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for,which is what makes music so valuable.
A.This feeling can also result in many other health problems.
B.Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.
C.This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.
D.They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.
E.The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.
F.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.
G.Interestingly,the more cheerful the music was,the faster their heart rates were.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了听音乐会促进我们的心理健康,对我们的身心有很大的益处。
1.F 考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了对许多人来说音乐长期以来被认为是一种令人愉悦的消遣方式,空后一句讲到音乐对心理健康的益处是不容置疑的,所以空处应与音乐对于心理健康的益处有关,因此F项符合语境。
2. B 考查上下文衔接。根据空后讲到的 “然而,出于相同的理由,如果有人痛苦难耐,音乐是非常有益的”和“However”一词可推知,空处讲到的应该是音乐的坏处,因此B项符合语境。
3. D 考查上下文衔接。本段第一句讲到了很多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听舒缓的音乐,空后讲到了这种观念的有效性仍待评估,因此空处讲到的应该是晚上睡觉前听音乐的好处,因此D项符合语境。
4.G 考查上下文衔接。结合语境可知,此处讲到的是一项研究,所以空处讲到的应该是参与者的研究表现,且空后一句讲到了当音乐的速度减慢时,他们的压力和焦虑水平会变得较低,对心率的影响似乎也变小了。由此可推知,空处讲到的应该是音乐较快时的表现,因此G项符合语境。
5.E 考查上下文衔接。结合空后讲到将收音机开大音量可能对其他一系列健康问题有益可知,空处讲到的应该是音乐的好处,因此E项符合语境。
A
(2021全国甲卷)
Swap,Don’t Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling,right But it doesn’t end with bottles,cans,and paper.Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make,and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment.So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor 1 .It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes,score clothes from your friends,and have a party all at the same time.
Group 2
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes,the organization of the event,and,obviously,how much fun is had.It’s really easy to do!Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 ,and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that,and it becomes uncontrollable.
3 .They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 .Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
·Set a starting time.Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song,or whatever. 5 .And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember,it’s a party!
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何举办服装交换派对活动来回收利用旧衣服,以达到保护环境的目的。
1. B 分析上下文语境可知,该空起承上启下的作用。空前提到该如何处理你不喜欢的衣服,空后提到舍弃你的旧衣服,从你朋友那里获得你需要的衣服。由此可知,空处应提出一种解决你不喜欢的衣服这一问题的方法。分析选项可知,B项“举办旧衣物交换活动”是对该问题的回答;而下一句中的代词“It”也指代B选项中的“clothing swap”。
2. A 分析本句的结构可知,后半句中的“more than that...”和空处所填应形成对比的关系;分析各选项可知,A项符合该处语境,且选项中的“that”与“more than that”中的“that”均指代该段首句中的“Invite 5-10 people”。
3.G 该空位于句首,应为段落的主旨句。且由下一句中的“also”一词可知,两句之间为递进关系,G选项中的“bring”与下一句“They should also prepare...”中的“prepare”相呼应,此段介绍参加服装交换派对活动的要求,即不仅要带来干净可穿的衣物,还要准备好装“新”衣物的环保袋。
4.F 由上下文语境可知,空处应是讲述交换衣服时所做的事情。F选项中“put”一词是前一句“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”的关键词复现,表明应把衣物摆放在合适的位置。
5. D 由空前一句中的“turn on a certain song,or whatever”和空后一句可知,D选项中的“全程播放音乐”与空后“准备一些饼干和水果”,都是为了给旧衣物交换派对活动增添乐趣。
B
(2021浙江1月卷)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need,head to the front,and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. 1
It turns out,it’s just math working against you;chances are,the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. 2 Any small interruption—a price check,a chatty customer—can have downstream effects,holding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the store,delays will happen randomly at different registers.Think about the probability: 3 So it’s not just in your mind:Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.Make all customers stand in one long,snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 4 This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants.With a serpentine line,a long delay at one register won’t unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it.Instead,it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
5 It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly,and some stores can’t afford the space or manpower.So wherever your next wait may be:Good luck.
A.Why does this always seem to happen to you
B.So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D.The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
F.With three registers,this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes,as on a Sunday afternoon,the system gets particularly busy.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了杂货店结账时的传统排队方式和研究人员提出的快速结账新方式——排成一条蛇形队,并分析了各自的利弊。
1. A 根据前面的“You chose wrong.”和下文中的“chances are,the other line really is faster”可知,此处应该是对你总是选错提出疑惑,故A项“为什么这种事总是发生在你身上 ”符合语境。
2.G 根据前面的“杂货店尽量让员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延缓完成结账”和后面的“任何一个小小的干扰都会造成队伍结账速度的延缓”可知,现实情况有时并不完全如杂货店所愿,故G项“但有时,比如在周日下午,结账系统会特别繁忙”符合语境。
3. D 根据前面的“If there are three lines in the store”和“Think about the probability”可知,D项“你所排的队伍最快的概率只有三分之一。”符合语境。解答此题的关键是前面的“the probability”,此处是对“probability”的详细说明。
4.F 本段首句“研究人员有一个很好的方法来解决这个问题”是段落主题句,后面的段落内容是对这一方法的详细说明。结合前面的“all customers stand in one long,snaking line”和“serve each person at the front with the next available register”可知,此处应该是这一方法的好处,故F项“由于有三个收银机,这种方法比传统方法快得多”符合语境。后面的代词This 指代的就是这一具体做法。
5. B 上一段说明了排蛇形队的好处,结合本段空格后面的“要保持一条结账队伍的快速运转需要很多收银机,而且有些商店负担不起很多收银机所占的空间和所需的人力。”可知,此处应该是提出一个问题,故B项“那么为什么大多数地方并不鼓励排蛇形队呢 ”符合语境,起承上启下的作用。
Group 3
A
(2021全国乙卷)
According to Jessica Hagy,author of How to Be Interesting,it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
1 ,if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves.If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living ”,you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. 2 ,it can bring in “I have this old,broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
3 If you can’t take their wine away,you should certainly try to take away their soapbox(讲台).If you’re the host,you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 4 .
And what about that other dinner-party killer:awkward silence If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party,the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬). 5 .Just quickly turn around and say,“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在晚餐聚餐时如何做一个有趣的人,给出了几点建议。全文为典型的总分总结构。
1. B 此句为主旨句。第一段总起,指出文章的中心思想。本段紧随其后,提出第一条建议。故选B项。
2. C 此句为细节句。下文提到骑车或者坐公共汽车,可知接下来要问的问题是“你怎么来的 ”。故选C项。
3.F 此句为主旨句。下文说的是:“如果你拿不走他们的酒,就拿走他们的讲台。”可知这里是问“万一碰到喝多酒的人或者不停说话的人怎么办 ”。故选F项。
4.E 此句为细节句。上句是应对醉酒或者喋喋不休的人的第一种解决办法。这里是第二种解决办法:或者把对话变成一个他们没什么可说的话题。故选E项。
5.G 此句为过渡句。上句提到如果出现尴尬的沉默,可以通过赞扬主人来缓解尴尬氛围。因此接下来应选择过渡句“她/他(主人)是受尴尬影响最重的人”。故选G项。
B
(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic,though.Unlike a normal Parisian apartment,the plumbing(水管)worked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said,“Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French.That is the only French phrase I mastered,and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago,they eat great food and never gain weight. 3 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
4 On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18!
In France,quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率).You can tell this by café life.French cafés are always crowded. 5 When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“我”与丈夫在巴黎待着的一周时间内,体会巴黎人的生活方式,感悟巴黎的与众不同之处。
1.F 根据下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.”可知,这里表示所以“我”们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的六楼公寓。据此可推测,空格内容与下一句之间构成了因果关系。F项“我们的目的是看看,在某种程度上,我们能否像真正的巴黎人那样生活”与下文能够形成因果关系。
2. C 结合下文“Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said,‘Ouverture des portes,’in perfect French.”可知,本部分是在描述公寓的配套设施等内部情况。C项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”正是对公寓内部的介绍。
3.G 通读本段可知,本段主要讲述了巴黎的饮食。与之表述在意义和语境上有重叠的是D项、E项和G项。结合空前后出现的关键词great food,French strawberries以及flavor bombs等可知,G项“食物是如此美味,你不需要太多就能使你快乐”符合语境。
4.E 结合上一段内容,再根据本段内容,尤其是最后一句“But they cost $18!”可知,本段主要讲述“巴黎食物的价格较贵”这一点。E项“那并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因”,既对上一段内容进行了总结,又引出了法国人吃得少的另一个原因。
5. A 结合空前内容“French cafés are always crowded.”及空后的内容“When do these people work ”可知,A项“并不是所有的顾客都是游客”,与上下句表述内容一致,且空后的these people是答题的关键。
第一部分 阅读
专题二 七选五
英 语
2023
内容索引
NO.1 读文总策略 破解七选五必备3大策略
NO.2 题型微技法 提升七选五解题8大技法
NO.3 真题实战 经典对练拿高分
读文总策略 破解七选五
必备3大策略
NO.1
策略一 利用外在线索,缩小选项范围
句子在段落中的位置不同,所起的作用也不同。明确挖空特点和篇章结构,善用语篇标记信息,如小标题、主旨句、首段尾句和标点符号等,就能缩小选择范围,降低题目难度。
策略二 利用内在关系,确保解题正确
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体,各部分之间存在一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看,句子之间常常有并列、递进、顺承、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系,有时甚至包含不止一种关系。因此,理解七选五的阅读材料时,一定要把握文脉,弄清其中的逻辑关系。同时,考生也要注意文中的词汇线索,包括词汇复现,代词的指代关系等。
策略三 多维思考,提升读文速度
2022年1月浙江卷 主题语境:人与自我——完善自我
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day,and still feel happy and relaxed. 31
●Pick the most important.
32 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies,but don’t want the life of a big company CEO.My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
●Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends,family,work,play,etc. 33 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.Build your social life around people in your work environment.Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and activities you love.
● 34
You would think learning takes more time from you,but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,freeing you up for the most important.Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
●Lighten up.
The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone.Celebrate progress and keep refining(改进) toward a happy productive existence. 35 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up.
B.Be an active learner.
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
篇章结构
考情分析
1.文章长度:正文词数加上选项词数约300词。
2.主题语境:包含新课标中的全部主题语境,以人与社会主题居多。
3.设空均匀:一段一题(少于5段或某段较长,可一段两题)。
4.设空位置:文章首句一般不设空;段首主旨句或段落小标题(0—2题)、段中过渡句和细节句(0—5题,重点考查);段末结论句(0—2题)。
5.选项特点:正确选项的主旨句能准确概括段落大意,过渡句和细节句前后语意衔接;干扰选项的主旨句以偏概全或偏离主题,过渡句或细节句上下句不连贯。
文体特点
七选五的选材以说明文为主,偶尔考议论文和记叙文。其文章多为“总—分”或“总—分—总”结构。
读文策略
第1步:速读全文,把握主旨。
第2步:看结构(设空位置),细读5个空前空后内容,画出关键词句。
第3步:找词语(词汇复现)析逻辑,比对选项。
第4步:代入选项,通读检查。
思路分析
31.本空设在段末,是承上启下句。根据空前的“make the most of every day”可知作者能够充分利用时间,并且感到开心和放松,下文各段是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几点建议,因此第31题选 项。
32.本空设在段首,是段落主旨句。根据该部分小标题和空后内容可知,作者在本段强调要将时间用于自己认为最重要且想做的事情上,因此第32题选 项。
33.本空设在段中,是承上启下句。根据该部分小标题和空后的“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.”可知,作者不建议把时间分开来进行多项活动,因此第33题选 项。
F
D
C
34.本空为小标题,考查段落主旨。根据下文内容可知,本段主要介绍了与学习有关的内容,B项“做一个积极的学习者”能够概括段落主旨。选项中的“learner”与下文中的“learning”的对应关系也是提示。因此第34题选
项。
35.本空设在段中,是承上启下句。根据空前的“Celebrate progress...a happy productive existence.” 和空后 “Every completion”可知,空处内容应与列举或记录各项事物有关,因此第35题选 项。
B
G
题型微技法 提升七选五
解题8大技法
NO.2
聚焦命题明晰增分策略
研命题 透析高考真题,把握命题规律
年份 试卷 体裁 主题 设空位置 段首 段中 段尾
2022 全国甲卷 说明文 不同文化外出就餐的注意事项 1 3 1
全国乙卷 说明文 如何保持长久的友谊 3 1 1
2021 全国甲卷 说明文 回收利用旧衣服以保护环境 1 4 0
全国乙卷 说明文 如何做一个有趣的聚餐人 2 2 1
2020 全国Ⅰ卷 说明文 接受自我 1 3 1
全国Ⅱ卷 说明文 表情符号 1 4 0
全国Ⅲ卷 说明文 乔迁聚会 2 2 1
考情解读
1.选材特点:以说明文为主。话题与当代社会生活紧密相关,人文气息浓厚,引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
2.文章结构:文章结构清晰,内容完整,适合考查段落标题、主旨句和过渡句等。篇章结构以“提出问题→解决问题”为主。
3.设空位置:以段中为主,主要考查:①主旨概括句②过渡性句子③注释性句子。
4.词数:正文词数200左右,选项词数100左右。
明策略 升华解题思维,考场有序增分
命题方式 解题步骤 选项特征
以考查上下文逻辑关系为主,考查段落主旨句为辅。间或考查段尾的结论概括性语句。 1.略读全文抓大意 以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章,了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。一般只需花5 10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首句。 2.先看选项初判断 通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。 3.重点阅读上下句 可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或相关性来确定这两个句子之间的关联性,从而进行大胆预测。如果空出的是半句话,还要注意标点符号,并分析句子结构,然后做出判断。 4.观察结构缩小范围 通过观察语言结构可将选择范围大大缩小,一般可将7个选项缩小到2 3个选项,选对的几率大大提高。 1.7个选项中有两个干扰项;
2.选项多为完整句子,句型不同,长短不一,排列由短到长;
3.有时需要填入半句话,句型多为主从结构或者并列结构。(2021年全国甲卷37题,2020全国Ⅱ卷37题、40题)
类型一 利用外在线索解题
技巧点拨领悟解题之道
技法1关注段落小标题
(2022全国乙卷)
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.Although technology might make day-to-day communication.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
设题特点
在一些文章中,有些段落由小标题引领,而设空处恰好是小标题的位置。其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同,认真阅读设空后的段落内容就能推断出小标题。
图解技法
【分析】
本题考查段落小标题。
根据该段的内容可知,周年纪念日、生日等是非常重要的日期,为避免遗忘,要用日记本把一些重要的日期记录下来,故小标题应为“记住重要的日期”。
尝试解答: 。
A
技法2留意段首设空
考向1 段落主旨句
(2021全国乙卷)
36 ,if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
设题特点
正确选项要有概括性,通常与空后的一两句在内容上是连贯且符合逻辑的,在意义上是紧密衔接的。
图解技法
【分析】
本题考查段落主旨句。根据空后的“if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time”可知,空处内容应与走出舒适区或第一次去别人家里的做法有关;再结合下文的“just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers”可知,露面、敢于冒险、尝试不同的食物以及和陌生人交谈是应该做的事。
尝试解答: 。
B
考向2 承上启下句
(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago,they eat great food and never gain weight. 38 (G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.) French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18!
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
设题特点
当非首段的第一句设空时,设空处也有可能是承上启下句。这就要求考生既要熟悉上一段的内容,尤其是上一段的结尾句的内容,又要结合本段内容,使所选答案能够把两段内容进行无缝衔接。
图解技法
【分析】
根据空处所在的位置可知,该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。分析空后内容可知,该段主要讲述了法国人吃得少的另一个原因,即水果价格昂贵。
尝试解答: 。
E
技法3关注段中设空
考向1 细节句
(2022全国甲卷)
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East,it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 ,instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile,you may never touch any food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
设题特点
通常补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。
图解技法
【分析】
根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils(餐具)”可知,本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East,it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands”可知,设空处讲到的应该也是某个国家的风俗。
尝试解答: 。
C
考向2 过渡句
(2022全国甲卷)
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange,but they are important in various countries. 40 ,the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
设题特点
通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的衔接关系,常见的逻辑关系有总分关系、解释关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系和例证关系。
图解技法
【分析】
根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.”可推知,此处指在一个国家待得越久,就会越习惯当地习俗,且此处是“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构。
尝试解答: 。
B
技法4关注段尾设空
考向1 总结句
(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do,how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities,and provided her phone number. 39
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
设题特点
1.设空在段尾时,通常是结论性、概括性语句,是对上文的概括总结。往往正确选项中会出现表示结论或总结的关键词,如:in a word,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,therefore,as a result等。
2.段落过渡句:设空在非尾段的段尾时,也有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。
3.补充信息句:设空在段尾时,也有可能是对上文内容进行补充说明,这时要选择补充性的语句。
图解技法
【分析】
根据上文的“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do...”可知本段的内容和notice有关,该词也是解题的关键。
尝试解答: 。
G
考向2 段落过渡句
(2021浙江1月卷)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need,head to the front,and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. 31 It turns out,it’s just math working against you;chances are,the other line really is faster.
A.Why does this always seem to happen to you
B.So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D.The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
F.With three registers,this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes,as on a Sunday afternoon,the system gets particularly busy.
设题特点
设空在非尾段的段尾时,也有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。
图解技法
【分析】
本题考查承上启下的过渡句。上文描述了“你”排队结账时,发现自己排的队伍总是比别的队伍慢这一现象,下文的“It turns out”“chances are,the other line really is faster”点明了结论,所以空处应为对该现象提出的疑问。结合选项来看,只有A项的内容与结论的内容相匹配,起到了使上下文衔接的过渡作用。
尝试解答: 。
A
考向3 补充信息句
(2022全国乙卷)
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another.With busy schedules,squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36 .
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
设题特点
设空在段尾时,也有可能是对上文内容进行补充说明,这时要选择补充性的语句。
图解技法
【分析】
上文“With busy schedules,squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”讲的是双方都很忙碌,很难有时间给对方打电话,设空处应给出解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法。
尝试解答: 。
D
技法5利用标点符号
(2020全国Ⅱ卷)
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
...
Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling,keeping intention clear. 37 ,encouraging better and more frequent communication.
...
A.Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
设题特点
不同于常见的要填一个完整的句子,有的设空处要填入一个非完整的句子。
图解技法
【分析】
分析语境与选项,设空前一句中的emojis与选项 A 中的 emojis 相呼应, more conversational (更适合交谈)与设空后的more frequent communication(更频繁的交流)相呼应。
尝试解答: 。
A
课堂应用
Passage 1
(2022江西南昌一模)
The Danger of Overusing
Exclamation Marks (感叹号)
I’m well-known for my cheerfulness.Even on my worst days,I still put on a happy face to communicate with people. 1 .
I used to catch myself using exclamations at the end of every sentence in emails to express friendliness. 2 .Just look at the last few messages you sent.If you’re like me,you will probably see exclamations throughout your emails:“I’m excited to hear from you!” and “I’m happy to help out!” But really
The reality is that I’m not always excited to hear from someone I don’t know. 3 ,because I have my own work to do.But fearing others dislike me,my tone is always enthusiastic with exclamation marks,even when the situation doesn’t need it.
Sure,people will think I’m nice,but I sacrifice a lot in this process.First,when I manage others’ feelings in this way,I’m putting my own needs second. 4 .And what’s worse,it’s unnecessary.As I’ve learned the danger of overusing exclamation marks,I’ve decided to use them more properly. 5 .Like a well-placed smile,a thoughtful exclamation mark connects me to the people I communicate with,whether it’s my close friend or a cold email to a stranger.
A.I’m not always happy to help
B.I used to be hesitant to refuse others
C.Chances are that you’ve sent those emails too
D.Managing other people’s feelings is exhausting
E.There are many ways to build a connection beyond punctuation
F.This behaviour can be found in my emails as exclamation marks
G.Now I use exclamations only when it feels honest and authentic
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者曾经喜欢在邮件里使用感叹号来表达自己的热情,说明了其背后的原因以及给自己带来的不良影响。
1.F 根据上文“I’m well-known for my cheerfulness...with people.”以及下一段第一句“I used to catch myself using exclamations...friendliness.”可知,后文提到作者通过在邮件里使用感叹号来表示友好,故F项“这种行为可以在我的邮件中以感叹号的形式找到”符合语境,故选F项。
2.C 根据上下文可知,后文提到了“看看你最近发的短讯里面也有感叹号”,可知“你”也可能发过带感叹号的邮件。故C项“很有可能你也发过这些邮件”符合语境,故选C项。
3.A 根据上下文可知,后文提到作者是因为害怕别人不喜欢自己才语气充满热情,可知作者并不总是乐于帮助别人的,故A项“我并不总是乐于帮忙”符合语境,故选A项。
4.D 根据上文可知,作者提到通过牺牲自我来管理别人的感受,故本句应当是说明作者对此的感受,D项中“Managing other people’s feelings”对应上文中“manage others’ feelings”。故D项“管理别人的感受是很累人的”符合语境,故选D项。
5.G 根据上文“And what’s worse,it’s unnecessary.As I’ve learned the danger of overusing exclamation marks,I’ve decided to use them more properly.”可知,本句承接上文说明作者如今是如何使用感叹号的。故G项“现在我只在感觉诚实和真实的时候才用感叹号”符合语境。
Passage 2
Do you know your neighbors According to a recent study,roughly a quarter of adults under 30 report that they don’t know any of their neighbors.
Learning how to be a kind neighbor is a skill that’s good to learn at a young age. 1 ,they are also applicable to the parents and adults in the room.
Get to know your neighbors.It may seem obvious,but getting to know your neighbors is the first step to becoming a kind neighbor. 2 .And if you feel comfortable,let them know that you’re there to help,if they ever need another hand.
Make small kind gestures a daily practice.Another way to take care of your neighborhood,and to show your neighbors that you care,is by making small acts of kindness a daily practice. 3 .
4 .It can feel so easy to just go home,close your door and turn on the TV without having to make small talk,but connecting with others is worth the effort.And if you take the first step,your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward—making even more people feel good.
Meet and engage with different people. 5 ,but it isn’t always easy to balance this with conversations on safety and the so-called stranger danger.Being told you can’t trust the people around you doesn’t exactly inspire community,and children pick up on that.One way to combat(防止) this stranger danger outlook is by reaching out of your comfort zone and engaging with different people in your neighborhood alongside your kids.
A.While many of these tips are for young people
B.Remind yourself that being connected feels good
C.Ask yourself why you feel uncomfortable and unsafe
D.Encouraging your kids to communicate with your neighbors is important
E.Looking out for your neighbors is an important part of being in a community
F.This can be cleaning up litter or even cleaning up after the pets on your block
G.Get out of your comfort zone and make an effort to learn their names and what they do for work
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。根据最近的一项研究,大约四分之一的30岁以下的成年人表示,他们不认识自己的邻居。文章主要介绍了几种与邻居相处的方式。全文为典型的总分结构。
1. A 下文提到 “他们也适用于家长和成年人”可知,此处是与家长和成年人相对的“适用于年轻人”。故选A项。
2.G 根据本段的主题句“Get to know your neighbors.”可知,此段主要讲述如何了解你的邻居。而G项“走出你的舒适区,努力记住他们的名字和他们的工作。”正是了解邻居的方法,故选G项。
3.F 上句说的是:另一种关照你的邻居,并向你的邻居表明你关心他们的方法是每天做一些善意的小事。分析选项可知,“清理垃圾,甚至是清理宠物的排泄物”符合要求,故选F项。
4. B 下文说的是:“与他人交流是值得的。如果你迈出了第一步,你的小善举可以鼓励别人继续付出,让更多的人感觉良好。”可知,这里是“提醒自己和别人在一起感觉很好”,故选B项。
5. D 根据本段的主题句“与不同的人见面并接触”及下文“但平衡安全对话和所谓的陌生人的危险并不容易”可知,此处为过渡句,“鼓励你的孩子和你的邻居交流是很重要的”,故选D项。
类型二 利用内在关系解题
技法1词汇复现法
(2022全国乙卷)
More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 .There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
技法点拨
词汇复现不是指词语的简单再现,而是指某个词语可能以不同的词类、词性、数、格、时态及语态等形式出现。有时也会以同义词或反义词的形式出现。
图解技法
【分析】
根据上文“you have communicated with your friend”和下文的 “There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”可判断答案。其中的“communication”是复现词。
尝试解答: 。
技法2代词指代法
(2022全国甲卷)
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites,always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 37 .
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
技法点拨
代词的使用主要是为了避免重复,用于指代前面提到的人或物,有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或者概念,如it,they,this,these,that,those,one,ones,all等。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的判断。代词指代需要注意两种情况:一是选项中的代词,二是挖空后面的句子中出现的代词。
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
E.It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
图解技法
【分析】
上一句提到吃饭间歇将筷子放下时,一定要并排放好,以便与你面前的桌子边缘保持平行。F项中的“them”指代上文中的“chopsticks”。
尝试解答: 。
E
技法3逻辑关系法
(2022全国乙卷)
Don’t rely on technology alone
40 ,but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
技法点拨
文章段落之间、句子之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接或过渡,以使文章更加连贯、表达更加清楚,因此文章中表示各种逻辑关系的关联词在选择答案时都是很好的线索。
图解技法
【分析】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain.”讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊,其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折关系,而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结,与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折,而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”中的“technology”。
尝试解答: 。
F
课堂应用
Passage 1
(2022河南洛阳一模)
How to Be a Good Upstairs Neighbor
One must remember to be polite when living in an apartment building.You may unintentionally bother your neighbors with actions that you think to be harmless. 1 Living upstairs,you must always be aware that everything you do may be heard by those who live below.This doesn’t mean that you have to completely change your lifestyle,though.
2 This will greatly reduce the sound of your footsteps,thus limiting the sound your downstairs neighbor will hear.You should always remember to change your shoes when entering your apartment to ensure that your downstairs neighbor doesn’t hear you walking around.
Place carpets in your apartment if you have hardwood floors.Doing so is another way to decrease the sound of steps coming from an upstairs apartment.You can also put your furniture on these carpets. 3
Close your windows when you can.A floor is usually about three meters high,so it’s quite easy to hear your conversations. 4 Therefore,whenever you are watching TV or listening to a radio,try to keep your windows closed as much as possible.
Do your cleaning on weekend afternoons. 5 Doing such housework at 3:00 pm on a Saturday is much better than doing so at 9:30 on a Tuesday night.
A.Wear slippers while in your upstairs apartment.
B.It becomes much easier when your windows are open.
C.No matter what you do,consider your neighbor’s requirements.
D.There’ll be a time when you will run a cleaner to clean your room.
E.This is especially true for those people who live above an apartment.
F.It will disturb your downstairs neighbor who has to work next morning.
G.This keeps your furniture from moving around,thus limiting noise a downstairs neighbor may hear.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍4条如何做一个好的楼上的邻居的建议。
1.E 根据上下文可知,中间空格处要提出住在楼上要注意自己的行为。E项“这对住在楼上的人来说尤其是对的。”跟上下文连贯。故选E项。
2. A 根据下文“This will greatly reduce the sound of your footsteps”可知,这里的This指代上文的行为。A项“在你楼上公寓里时穿拖鞋。”和下文意思一致。
3.G 根据上文“You can also put your furniture on these carpets.”可知,这里是作者建议把家具放在地毯上。G项“这阻止你的家具乱移动,因此限制了楼下邻居可能会听到的噪声。”和上文意思一致。
4. B 根据上文“A floor is usually about three meters high,so it’s quite easy to hear your conversations.”可知,这里是指你屋内的声音可能会被别人听到。B项“当你的窗户开着的时候,这将会变得更加容易。”这里的It指代上文中“to hear your conversations”,和上文意思一致。
5. D 根据上文“Do your cleaning on weekend afternoons.”可知,这一段是说打扫卫生的事情。D项“你会有一个用吸尘器打扫卫生的时间。”和上文意思一致。
Passage 2
(2022安徽淮南一模)
What to Do With a Day Off
If you’re fortunate enough to have today off from work,the most important thing on your to-do list is to actually take the day off.Studies have shown that people send only 40 percent less email on holiday Mondays compared with regular Mondays. 1 Here are a few suggestions on how best to spend your day off.
Evaluate your career.
When was the last time you were completely honest with yourself about your career and whether you’re doing what you want to be doing 2 A full-time worker will spend roughly 80,000 hours at work during her working life,so if you’re in the wrong career that could mean tens of thousands of hours spent devoted to something you don’t even really care about,much less to feel your passion.
Have a family meal.
3 Work,school,sports practices and other obligations all seem to get in the way.But studies show that families who dine at home together are happier and healthier.
4
“I’ll get to it sometime.” Yeah,yeah,it’s what we all tell ourselves to get out of doing the things on our to-do list that are hanging over our heads.But today is a great day just to get it done!Send that email,finish up that task at home,and send that holiday thank-you note you still haven’t gotten around to.Whatever it is,just do it. 5
A.You’ll feel so much better,I promise.
B.It might even make you more productive at work this week.
C.It can be tough to get the whole family together for a meal.
D.Besides,taking time to let your brain rest and recover makes you better at problem-solving.
E.Spend more quality time with your family by having a family meal.
F.If you’re like most people,probably not recently.
G.Do one thing that you’ve been putting off.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何最好地度过一天假期给出一些建议。
1. D 由前文可知,人们一般会选择在假期休息,而D项“Besides,taking time to let your brain rest and recover makes you better at problem-solving.”中“Besides”有承上作用。且这句在说休假的好处,与后文要求人们休假并给建议有启下作用,所以D项切题。
2.F 由上下文可知,人的一生要花很多时间在自己的工作上,如果一项工作不是自己喜欢的,那将意味着你浪费时间,而我们大多数人工作就是为了工作,根本没有在乎自己的兴趣爱好。所以F项“If you’re like most people,probably not recently.”承上解释不要像大多数人一样,要开始思考自己的职业了,启下,后文解释为什么要找自己有兴趣的工作。所以F项切题。
3. C 由小标题“Have a family meal.”以及后文可知这段主要讲“family meal”,再看选项,C项切题。
4.G 由后文可知,我们要开始着手做清单上的事,不要拖延。根据选项,G项“Do one thing that you’ve been putting off(做一件你一直拖延的事).”切题。
5. A 由上文“Whatever it is,just do it.”可知作者在建议我们做一件自己拖延的事情。而A项“You’ll feel so much better,I promise.”表示,如果你做了,你将感觉好受多了。此句与前文构成因果关系。故选A项。
真题实战 经典对练拿高分
NO.3
Group 1
A
(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was:“You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “ 1 ” With a workout partner,you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙) competition.
So,how do you find a workout partner
First of all,decide what you want from that person. 2 Or do you just want to be physically fit,able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media,but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 3 If you plan on working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do,how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities,and provided her phone number. 4
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 5 Over time,both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何选择锻炼伙伴。
1. C 此句为过渡句。上文提到其中的一个原因“如果你知道有人在健身房等你,你就会在那儿出现”,结合空格前面的“another read”可知,空格处应为另一个原因。C项“如果你和别人一起训练,你会更加努力。”可起到承上启下的作用。
2. D 此句为细节句。根据下文的“Or do you just want to be physically fit,able to move with strength and flexibility ”可知,所填的句子也应该是一个一般疑问句。D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动中成为一名更好的运动员吗 ”可以和下文构成选择关系。
3. B 此句为细节句。根据空格后面的“If you plan on working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.”可知,B项“锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。”可引出下文。
4.G 此句为总结句。根据上文的“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do,...”可知,本段的内容和notice有关,该词也是解题的关键。G项“任何针对锻炼伙伴的通知都应包括此类信息。”可作为对该段的总结。其中notice为同词复现。
5.F 此句为过渡句。根据本段的主题句“You and your partner will probably have different skills.( 你和你的伙伴可能会有不同的技能。)”可知,F项“接受你们的不同,学会相互合作。”可承接上文。其中different和difference是同根词复现。
B
(2021北京卷)
Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people. 1 The mental health benefits from music can’t be argued.Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes.
2 However,for the same reason,music can be very beneficial if one is in pain.By distracting (分心)the mind from the pain,music,people say,can lower stress and anxiety levels.This,of course,can lead to less pain.
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. 3 While the validity of the idea is still being assessed,the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure.Similarly,according to researchers,listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels,through the lowering of stress and anxiety.
When it comes to heart health,there is speculation (推测)that it’s not the style of music,but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health.In one European study,participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. 4 On the other hand,when the music slowed,the participants’ stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit.
5 But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for,which is what makes music so valuable.
A.This feeling can also result in many other health problems.
B.Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.
C.This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.
D.They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.
E.The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.
F.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.
G.Interestingly,the more cheerful the music was,the faster their heart rates were.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了听音乐会促进我们的心理健康,对我们的身心有很大的益处。
1.F 考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了对许多人来说音乐长期以来被认为是一种令人愉悦的消遣方式,空后一句讲到音乐对心理健康的益处是不容置疑的,所以空处应与音乐对于心理健康的益处有关,因此F项符合语境。
2. B 考查上下文衔接。根据空后讲到的 “然而,出于相同的理由,如果有人痛苦难耐,音乐是非常有益的”和“However”一词可推知,空处讲到的应该是音乐的坏处,因此B项符合语境。
3. D 考查上下文衔接。本段第一句讲到了很多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听舒缓的音乐,空后讲到了这种观念的有效性仍待评估,因此空处讲到的应该是晚上睡觉前听音乐的好处,因此D项符合语境。
4.G 考查上下文衔接。结合语境可知,此处讲到的是一项研究,所以空处讲到的应该是参与者的研究表现,且空后一句讲到了当音乐的速度减慢时,他们的压力和焦虑水平会变得较低,对心率的影响似乎也变小了。由此可推知,空处讲到的应该是音乐较快时的表现,因此G项符合语境。
5.E 考查上下文衔接。结合空后讲到将收音机开大音量可能对其他一系列健康问题有益可知,空处讲到的应该是音乐的好处,因此E项符合语境。
A
(2021全国甲卷)
Swap,Don’t Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling,right But it doesn’t end with bottles,cans,and paper.Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make,and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment.So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor 1 .It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes,score clothes from your friends,and have a party all at the same time.
Group 2
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes,the organization of the event,and,obviously,how much fun is had.It’s really easy to do!Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 ,and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that,and it becomes uncontrollable.
3 .They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 .Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
·Set a starting time.Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song,or whatever. 5 .And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember,it’s a party!
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何举办服装交换派对活动来回收利用旧衣服,以达到保护环境的目的。
1. B 分析上下文语境可知,该空起承上启下的作用。空前提到该如何处理你不喜欢的衣服,空后提到舍弃你的旧衣服,从你朋友那里获得你需要的衣服。由此可知,空处应提出一种解决你不喜欢的衣服这一问题的方法。分析选项可知,B项“举办旧衣物交换活动”是对该问题的回答;而下一句中的代词“It”也指代B选项中的“clothing swap”。
2. A 分析本句的结构可知,后半句中的“more than that...”和空处所填应形成对比的关系;分析各选项可知,A项符合该处语境,且选项中的“that”与“more than that”中的“that”均指代该段首句中的“Invite 5-10 people”。
3.G 该空位于句首,应为段落的主旨句。且由下一句中的“also”一词可知,两句之间为递进关系,G选项中的“bring”与下一句“They should also prepare...”中的“prepare”相呼应,此段介绍参加服装交换派对活动的要求,即不仅要带来干净可穿的衣物,还要准备好装“新”衣物的环保袋。
4.F 由上下文语境可知,空处应是讲述交换衣服时所做的事情。F选项中“put”一词是前一句“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”的关键词复现,表明应把衣物摆放在合适的位置。
5. D 由空前一句中的“turn on a certain song,or whatever”和空后一句可知,D选项中的“全程播放音乐”与空后“准备一些饼干和水果”,都是为了给旧衣物交换派对活动增添乐趣。
B
(2021浙江1月卷)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need,head to the front,and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. 1
It turns out,it’s just math working against you;chances are,the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. 2 Any small interruption—a price check,a chatty customer—can have downstream effects,holding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the store,delays will happen randomly at different registers.Think about the probability: 3 So it’s not just in your mind:Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.Make all customers stand in one long,snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 4 This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants.With a serpentine line,a long delay at one register won’t unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it.Instead,it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
5 It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly,and some stores can’t afford the space or manpower.So wherever your next wait may be:Good luck.
A.Why does this always seem to happen to you
B.So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D.The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
F.With three registers,this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes,as on a Sunday afternoon,the system gets particularly busy.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了杂货店结账时的传统排队方式和研究人员提出的快速结账新方式——排成一条蛇形队,并分析了各自的利弊。
1. A 根据前面的“You chose wrong.”和下文中的“chances are,the other line really is faster”可知,此处应该是对你总是选错提出疑惑,故A项“为什么这种事总是发生在你身上 ”符合语境。
2.G 根据前面的“杂货店尽量让员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延缓完成结账”和后面的“任何一个小小的干扰都会造成队伍结账速度的延缓”可知,现实情况有时并不完全如杂货店所愿,故G项“但有时,比如在周日下午,结账系统会特别繁忙”符合语境。
3. D 根据前面的“If there are three lines in the store”和“Think about the probability”可知,D项“你所排的队伍最快的概率只有三分之一。”符合语境。解答此题的关键是前面的“the probability”,此处是对“probability”的详细说明。
4.F 本段首句“研究人员有一个很好的方法来解决这个问题”是段落主题句,后面的段落内容是对这一方法的详细说明。结合前面的“all customers stand in one long,snaking line”和“serve each person at the front with the next available register”可知,此处应该是这一方法的好处,故F项“由于有三个收银机,这种方法比传统方法快得多”符合语境。后面的代词This 指代的就是这一具体做法。
5. B 上一段说明了排蛇形队的好处,结合本段空格后面的“要保持一条结账队伍的快速运转需要很多收银机,而且有些商店负担不起很多收银机所占的空间和所需的人力。”可知,此处应该是提出一个问题,故B项“那么为什么大多数地方并不鼓励排蛇形队呢 ”符合语境,起承上启下的作用。
Group 3
A
(2021全国乙卷)
According to Jessica Hagy,author of How to Be Interesting,it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
1 ,if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves.If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living ”,you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. 2 ,it can bring in “I have this old,broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
3 If you can’t take their wine away,you should certainly try to take away their soapbox(讲台).If you’re the host,you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 4 .
And what about that other dinner-party killer:awkward silence If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party,the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬). 5 .Just quickly turn around and say,“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在晚餐聚餐时如何做一个有趣的人,给出了几点建议。全文为典型的总分总结构。
1. B 此句为主旨句。第一段总起,指出文章的中心思想。本段紧随其后,提出第一条建议。故选B项。
2. C 此句为细节句。下文提到骑车或者坐公共汽车,可知接下来要问的问题是“你怎么来的 ”。故选C项。
3.F 此句为主旨句。下文说的是:“如果你拿不走他们的酒,就拿走他们的讲台。”可知这里是问“万一碰到喝多酒的人或者不停说话的人怎么办 ”。故选F项。
4.E 此句为细节句。上句是应对醉酒或者喋喋不休的人的第一种解决办法。这里是第二种解决办法:或者把对话变成一个他们没什么可说的话题。故选E项。
5.G 此句为过渡句。上句提到如果出现尴尬的沉默,可以通过赞扬主人来缓解尴尬氛围。因此接下来应选择过渡句“她/他(主人)是受尴尬影响最重的人”。故选G项。
B
(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic,though.Unlike a normal Parisian apartment,the plumbing(水管)worked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said,“Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French.That is the only French phrase I mastered,and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago,they eat great food and never gain weight. 3 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
4 On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18!
In France,quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率).You can tell this by café life.French cafés are always crowded. 5 When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“我”与丈夫在巴黎待着的一周时间内,体会巴黎人的生活方式,感悟巴黎的与众不同之处。
1.F 根据下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.”可知,这里表示所以“我”们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的六楼公寓。据此可推测,空格内容与下一句之间构成了因果关系。F项“我们的目的是看看,在某种程度上,我们能否像真正的巴黎人那样生活”与下文能够形成因果关系。
2. C 结合下文“Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said,‘Ouverture des portes,’in perfect French.”可知,本部分是在描述公寓的配套设施等内部情况。C项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”正是对公寓内部的介绍。
3.G 通读本段可知,本段主要讲述了巴黎的饮食。与之表述在意义和语境上有重叠的是D项、E项和G项。结合空前后出现的关键词great food,French strawberries以及flavor bombs等可知,G项“食物是如此美味,你不需要太多就能使你快乐”符合语境。
4.E 结合上一段内容,再根据本段内容,尤其是最后一句“But they cost $18!”可知,本段主要讲述“巴黎食物的价格较贵”这一点。E项“那并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因”,既对上一段内容进行了总结,又引出了法国人吃得少的另一个原因。
5. A 结合空前内容“French cafés are always crowded.”及空后的内容“When do these people work ”可知,A项“并不是所有的顾客都是游客”,与上下句表述内容一致,且空后的these people是答题的关键。