2023届高考二轮总复习课件英语 （适用于老高考旧教材） 专题五短文改错(共82张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 2023届高考二轮总复习课件英语 （适用于老高考旧教材） 专题五短文改错(共82张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 4.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-01-09 11:14:55 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共82张PPT)
第三部分 写作
专题五 短文改错
英 语
2023
内容索引
NO.1 读文总策略 三步法破解短文改错
NO.2 题型微技法 突破两大类型短文改错题
NO.3 真题实战 经典对练拿高分
读文总策略 三步法破解
短文改错
NO.1
短文改错题设题目的在于测试考生判断、发现、纠正语篇中语言错误的能力,考查考生在语篇中对语言的观察能力、评价能力,以及综合运用英语的准确性能力。因此,考生在解题时必须立足于篇章,先从宏观把握,再从微观入手,方能正确解题。
典例印证
(2022全国甲卷)
My father often took me to his hospital when I was off my school.He showed me how his medical instruments was used.I felt so closely to him.However,after I went to high school,somehow I become distant from him.I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it.One day,he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations.With the efforts made by all sides,we began to understand each other better.
三步法解题流程
第一步:立足语篇
要快速浏览全文,把握文章大意,注意语篇结构和行文逻辑。
语篇大意:本文是一篇记叙文,文章介绍了作者在成长过程中和父亲之间关系的变化及处理分歧的过程。
第二步:着眼句子
从句子入手,逐句分析,推敲语法,注意几乎每年都考查的动词、名词、形容词和代词类错误,同时注意其他语法类错误。
第①句:代词误用。句意:当我不上学时,我的爸爸经常带我去他的医院。off school为固定短语,表示“不上学”,school前面不加任何限定词。故将 。
my去掉
第②句:动词误用。句意:他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。主语instruments为复数形式,全文用一般过去时,be动词用复数形式were。故将 。
第③句:形容词误用。句意:我对他感觉如此亲近。felt为系动词,后面用形容词作表语,表示“亲近的”,closely为副词,此处应用close。故将 。
第④句:时态误用。句意:然而,在我上了高中之后,不知怎么地,我开始疏远他。全文用一般过去时,动词become应改为过去式became。故将 。
was改为were
closely改为close
become改为became
第⑤句:不定式符号漏用。句意:我不愿意和他交谈,经常违反他让我不要和朋友在外面待到很晚的规定。be willing to do“愿意做”,为固定短语。故在 。
第⑤句:非谓语动词误用。句意同上。of为介词,后面用动词-ing形式staying作宾语。故将 。
第⑥句:副词误用。句意:这分歧如此尖锐,以至于他和我都不知道如何解决它。固定句型“so...that...”译为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。故将 。
第⑥句:副词误用。句意同上。此处为“疑问副词+不定式”结构来作动词knew的宾语。结合句意,此处表达“如何解决它”,settle it为动宾关系,此处缺少方式状语,用how。故将 。
talk前面加to
stay改为staying
too改为so
what改为how
第三步:关注逻辑
第⑦句:并列连词误用。句意:一天,他和我交谈,并且希望修补我们的关系。根据语境,“talked with me”与“hoped to mend our relations”为顺承、递进关系,用and连接。故将 。
第⑧句:限定词误用。句意:在两方的努力下,我们开始更好地理解对方。结合语境可知,此处表示作者和父亲双方,用both修饰sides,表示两方,all用于三者及以上。故将 。
or改为and
all改为both
题型微技法 突破两大类型短文改错题
NO.2
类型一 改词
聚焦命题明晰增分策略
研命题 透析高考真题,把握命题规律
年份 卷别 考查方向 动词 非谓语动词 形容词/副词 名词 并列连词 从句 代词
2022 全国甲卷 2 1 2 1 1 1
全国乙卷 2 1 1 1 2 1
2021 全国甲卷 2 1 1 1 1 2
全国乙卷 3 2 1 1 1
2020 全国Ⅰ卷 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
全国Ⅱ卷 1 0 2 1 1 2 1
全国Ⅲ卷 2 2 1 1 1 1 1
明策略 升华解题思维,考场有序增分
命题方式 解题步骤 备考策略
涉及错词一般为8个,一般与实词相关。考点主要涉及动词的时态、语态和主谓一致,非谓语动词,并列连词,三大从句的引导词,名词单复数与词形转换,形容词和副词的构词规律,代词的基本用法及固定搭配等。 1.通读全文,在理解文章大意的基础上理清逻辑关系。短文改错依托语篇,要想做对试题、提高分数,首先要从整体上理解文章。 2.以句为单位,细查语法。对语法的考查多体现在句子上,因此,准确理解句子,正确分析句子成分是正确作答的关键。 3.从动词入手,掌握全文的主要时态以及句型。动词既是两类试题的考查重点,也是理解句子、把握文章脉络的关键。 立足基础,掌握规律,熟记特例,重点提升。规则变化是常考点,但考查的难点往往是不规则变化。因此,考生在考前要重点复习不规则动词的变化、名词变复数的特例、形容词和副词比较等级变化的特例等。
技巧点拨领悟解题之道
典型例题
1.(2022全国乙卷)Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
2.(2022甘肃兰州一模)As we all know,books are the source of knowledges.
答案 bicycle→bicycles
解析 考查名词。bicycle为可数名词,由句中的cars和句意可知,此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。
答案 knowledges→knowledge
解析 考查不可数名词。此处knowledge为不可数名词,没有复数形式。故将knowledges改为knowledge。
考查角度&技巧点拨
典型例题
3.(2022全国乙卷)When you ride a bicycle,you don’t use petrol.So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not causing air pollution.
4.(2022甘肃兰州一模) For one thing,they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons.For other,they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.
答案 they→you
解析 考查代词。根据前一句中的人称you可知,这里假设“你”骑自行车,前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。
答案 other→another
解析 考查代词。此处意为“另一方面”,表达为for another。故将other改为another。
考查角度&技巧点拨
5.(2022全国乙卷)They often run at high speeds,which may put our lives in danger.And there were traffic jams,too.
6.(2022全国乙卷) A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists.
典型例题
答案 were→are
解析 考查时态。根据上下文时态可知,本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
答案 lives→live
解析 考查主谓一致。people是集合名词,谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。
考查角度&技巧点拨
7.(2022内蒙古通辽二模) I’m quite pleased that you’re anxious to learn about the activity Save Food holding by our school.
典型例题
答案 holding→held
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处是非谓语动词作后置定语。hold与其逻辑主语the activity Save Food是动宾关系,故用过去分词。故将holding改为held。
考查角度&技巧点拨
8.(2022全国乙卷) We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise.
典型例题
答案 greatly→great
解析 考查形容词。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
考查角度&技巧点拨
9.(2022甘肃兰州一模) But which interests me most is literary books,especially those written by famous writers.
典型例题
答案 which→what
解析 考查主语从句。此处为主语从句,从句缺少主语,且意思为“什么”,故应用what引导。故将which改为what。
考查角度&技巧点拨
10.(2022内蒙古通辽二模)
An exhibition of Chinese Calligraphy what was written by students was displayed on the school library.
典型例题
答案 what→which/that
解析 考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词Chinese Calligraphy,指物,先行词在从句中作主语,故用which或that引导。故将what改为which/that。
考查角度&技巧点拨
11.(2022四川泸州三模)
There was a time when I was too proud that I overlooked my classmates,refusing to work together with them.
典型例题
答案 too→so
解析 考查固定句式。固定句型so...that“如此……以至于”,修饰形容词proud用副词so,故将too改为so。
考查角度&技巧点拨
12.(2022江西九江一模)
Then,speak louder but more clearly to get your points across better.
典型例题
答案 but→and
解析 考查连词。“louder”和“more clearly”是并列关系,应用and,故将but改为and。
考查角度&技巧点拨
13.(2022四川雅安三模)Boys and girls,sports help to make you much stronger and healthier,as well as keep you on good shape.
典型例题
答案 on→in
解析 考查固定短语。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“keep sb in good shape”,意为“使某人保持良好的体型”。故将on改为in。
考查角度&技巧点拨
14.(2022陕西商洛期末)We should ensure the development strategies are followed in the environmentally friendly way.
典型例题
答案 第二个the→an
解析 考查冠词。可数名词way在句中指“一种方式”,是单数,泛指,应用不定冠词限定,又因副词environmentally发音以元音音素开头,所以应用不定冠词an修饰。故将the改为an。
考查角度&技巧点拨
课堂应用
Passage 1
(2022四川宜宾三模)
One of my hobbies are gardening in my spare time.Now it’s great pleasure for me to share the details about when I plant flowers.First,I prepare an empty container with holes making at the bottom.Then I mixed some soil and sand and put the mixture into the container.After dipping the cuttings into rooting powder,I put it in the soil mixture.It takes 4-6 week for the roots to form.And then they are final ready for being repotted or given as gifts.My understanding of plants is also growing by.I am grateful for these plants,from that I have benefited a lot.
第一句:are→is 解析 考查主谓一致。句子描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语是One of my hobbies,为单数,所以系动词应用is,故将are改为is。
第二句:great前加a 解析 考查冠词。It’s a pleasure for sb to do sth 是固定句型,意为“做某事对某人来说是一种乐趣”。great发音以辅音音素开头,应用a,故在great前加a。
第二句:when→how 解析 考查宾语从句引导词。此处表示“如何种花”,应用how来引导宾语从句,表示方式,故将when改为how。
第三句:making→made 解析 考查非谓语动词。动词make与holes之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作宾语补足语,故将making改为made。
第四句:mixed→mix 解析 考查动词的时态。整个文章在描述如何种花,用的是一般现在时,所以此处也应用一般现在时。主语是I,谓语动词mix应用原形,故将mixed改为mix。
第五句:it→them 解析 考查代词。此处是指“将插条放入土壤混合物”,所以应用them代指前面的复数名词cuttings,作宾语,故将it改为them。
第六句:week→weeks 解析 考查名词单复数。可数名词week前有数词4-6,所以应用复数形式,故将week改为weeks。
第七句:final→finally 解析 考查副词。修饰形容词ready应用副词finally,故将final改为finally。
第八句:删除by 解析 考查动词。此处表示“增长”应用不及物动词grow,此处by是多余的,故删除by。
第九句:that→which 解析 考查定语从句。逗号后面的句子是非限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作介词from的宾语,应用which来引导,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,故将that改为which。
Passage 2
(原创题)
Our school has set up a column calling “Soul Castle” for Senior 3 students.It is aimed at relieving pressure,but ensuring the health of students.The column has the unique advantage which the experts in psychology can give us the expertise and guidance from a psychological point of view.It covers the thoughts and feelings of students and the professional suggestion.
From my point of view,not only our school attach importance to our study but also puts our mentally health at the top of the list.It also provides the platform to communicate with our teachers and parents.Beside,we can get help and guidance from professionals to solve my mental problems.With their help,we can take up the College Entrance Examination with confidence.
第一句:calling→called 解析 考查非谓语动词。column与call之间为被动关系,因此用过去分词。
第二句:but→and 解析 考查并列连词。relieving pressure与 ensuring the health of students为并列关系,因此应用and。
第三句:which→that 解析 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,advantage后的从句为同位语从句,说明advantage的内容,且从句结构完整,因此应把which改为that。
第四句:suggestion→suggestions 解析 考查名词的数。suggestion为可数名词,根据句中的thoughts and feelings可知应用复数形式。
第五句:not only后加does 解析 考查动词的时态。not only置于句首时,需要部分倒装。此处叙述个人观点,应用一般现在时,主语为our school,因此需要加does。
第五句:mentally→mental 解析 考查形容词。修饰名词health应用形容词,故把mentally改为mental。
第六句:the→a 解析 考查冠词。此处表示泛指,指一个平台,因此应把the改为a。
第七句:Beside→Besides 解析 考查副词。此处与上文为递进关系,故应把Beside改为Besides。
第七句:my→our 解析 考查代词。根据上文以及句子的主语we可知此处应用our。
第八句:去掉take 后的up 解析 考查介词。take the College Entrance Examination“参加高考”,up多余。
类型二 加词和删词
聚焦命题明晰增分策略
研命题 透析高考真题,把握命题规律
年份 卷别 考查方向 动词 非谓语动词 介词/副词 代词
2022 全国甲卷 1 1
全国乙卷 1 1
2021 全国甲卷 2
全国乙卷 1 1
2020 全国Ⅰ卷 1
全国Ⅱ卷 2
全国Ⅲ卷 1
明策略 升华解题思维,考场有序增分
命题方式 解题步骤 备考策略
多词和少词一般各设一道题,往往与虚词相关,但也涉及动词不定式的符号to以及助动词、系动词的用法。 1.通读全文,理解文章大意并理清逻辑关系。 2.准确理解句子,正确分析句子成分。根据句意和结构判断句中的限定词、介词、代词、不定式符号、be动词等是否存在多余或缺失的情况。 考生在平时的复习过程中要积累含有不定式符号to的搭配,分清冠词的泛指和特指,掌握介词的用法和搭配,还要理解主动语态以及被动语态的含义。
技巧点拨领悟解题之道
典型例题
1.(2022全国乙卷)Just see how cars have been taken over our cities.
答案 去掉have后的been
解析 考查语态。主语cars与动词take over之间是主谓关系,应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。
典型例题
2.(2022安徽淮南二模)Honestly,not until we were exposed to the hot sun we realize how hard it was to work in the fields.
答案 第二个we前加did
解析 考查倒装句和助动词。结合句首的not until可知句子使用部分倒装;分析句子中的were和was,可知句子时态是一般过去时;主语we之前应该使用助动词did构成部分倒装。故在we前加did。
考查角度
(1)主动语态还是被动语态:助动词多余或缺失;
(2)倒装结构中助动词的缺失。
典型例题
3.(2022全国乙卷)Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air,smooth movement and exercise.
4.(2022贵州毕节二模)What we are devoted to is valuable to create for a better future.
答案 because后加of
解析 考查介词。because表示“因为”,后面接从句,短语because of表示“因为”,后面接名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作宾语,the combination of fresh air,smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。
答案 去掉for
解析 考查介词。create是及物动词,其后可直接跟宾语。故去掉for。
考查角度
(1)介词的多余:及物动词后可以直接跟宾语,无须再加介词;last,next等后跟名词表时间时无须加介词;
(2)介词的缺失:不及物动词后跟宾语时应加相应的介词;
(3)注意固定搭配中介词的有无。
典型例题 考查角度
5.(2022贵州毕节二模)On the other hand,I study hard to be useful person. 冠词:可数名词前和固定搭配中冠词的多余或缺失。
答案 useful前加a
解析 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个”有用的人,用不定冠词,useful发音以辅音音素开头。故在useful前加a。
典型例题 考查角度
6.(2022安徽马鞍山二模)Some students are willing take part but they are worried that they don’t have enough time. 不定式标志to缺失或多余。
答案 take前加to
解析 考查固定短语。结合句意表达“乐意/愿意做某事”用be willing to do sth。故在take前加to。
典型例题
7.(2022贵州黔东南一模)It is generally believed there is a good supply of fresh water.
8.(2022河南六市联考)Knowing that what others read is exciting in the club.
答案 believed后加that
解析 考查名词性从句。此句涉及主语从句结构It is generally believed that...,其中It是形式主语,连接词that引导主语从句,主语从句中的that不能省略。故在believed后加that。
答案 删除that
解析 考查宾语从句。此处为what引导的宾语从句,在从句中作宾语,故删除that。
考查角度
从句中连接词、关系词以及从属连词的多余或缺失。
典型例题 考查角度
9.(2022河南安阳二模)He pulled out a $20 bill and tried to give to us. (1)代词的多余:主要是形容词性物主代词的多余、定语从句中代词的多余和固定结构中代词的多余;
(2)代词的缺失:主要是人称代词与物主代词的缺失,若缺少主语需考虑是否用人称代词,还要根据上下文考虑名词前是否缺少物主代词,另外还要注意it的缺失。
答案 give后加it
解析 考查代词。give为及物动词,不可省略宾语,此处应用代词it代指前文a $20 bill,作宾语。故在give后加it。
典型例题 考查角度
10.I hope it won’t cause you too much more trouble. 比较级结构中more多余或缺失。
答案 去掉more
解析 考查比较等级。此处没有比较的含义,因此more多余。too much trouble“太多麻烦”。
课堂应用
Passage 1
(2022河南洛阳二模)
Last Sunday morning,my mom took me to a farm.I have never visited a farm before,but I was filled with excitement when we finally arrived.It was a beautiful farm,that we received a warmly welcome.After leading us into the farm,a farmer told us about the crops grown there.Then he showed us how harvest corn.We helped her get in the corn happily.He praised me of being careful at work.Later,followed the farmer,I saw some sheeps and learned how to feed them.On that day,I was quite enjoyed myself.I wish for another visit to the farm in the near future.
第二句:have→had 解析 考查时态。根据上文“Last Sunday morning”可知,是上周日去的农场,由before可知,此处表示作者在此之前没去过农场,故应用过去完成时。故将have改为had。
第二句:but→so 解析 考查连词。根据上文“I have never visited a farm before”与下文“I was filled with excitement when we finally arrived”可推知,上下文是因果关系,不是转折关系。故将but改为so。
第三句:that→where 解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词是farm,在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where。故将that 改为where。
第三句:warmly→warm 解析 考查形容词。welcome为名词,形容词修饰名词。故将warmly 改为warm。
第五句:在harvest 前加to 解析 考查动词不定式。固定结构“疑问词+to do”作宾语,故在harvest 前加to。
第六句:her→him 解析 考查人称代词。根据上文“Then he showed us”可知,这是一位男士不是女士。故将her改为him。
第七句:of→for 解析 考查介词。固定搭配praise sb for sth“为某事表扬某人”。故将of改为for。
第八句:followed→following 解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是saw,动词follow用非谓语动词形式作状语,与其逻辑主语I是主动关系,用现在分词。故将followed 改为following。
第八句:sheeps→sheep 解析 考查名词。sheep是单复数同形的名词,所以即使是复数,也用sheep。故将sheeps改为sheep。
第九句:删除was 解析 考查动词的语态。固定短语 enjoy oneself “玩得开心”为动词短语,在句中作谓语。主语 I与 enjoyed myself是主动关系,不是被动关系。故删除was。
Passage 2
Recently,lacked in self-confidence,many students are becoming anxious and nervous during the stressful and busy preparation for the exam review.So it’s high time that we build up our self-confidence.
When we are faced with the new challenges,we may feel nervously and be not sure whether we can make it.But we must have confidences,because only when we have it can we have the belief which we can achieve our dream.It’s more than important that we build up our self-confidence if I don’t have it.For example,we can take part more physical labor or some sports.They can make us full of energy or have a high spirit.On that condition,we would say goodbye to inferiority and be confident.
第一句:lacked→lacking 解析 考查非谓语动词。many students与lack之间为主动关系,故应改为现在分词形式。
第二句:build→built 解析 考查虚拟语气。It is high time that sb did sth. “某人该做某事了”。
第三句:去掉the 解析 考查冠词。根据句意可知,“new challenges”不表示特指,因此应删除the。
第三句:nervously→nervous 解析 考查形容词。feel为系动词,后跟形容词作表语。
第四句:confidences→confidence 解析 考查名词。confidence为不可数名词,没有复数形式。
第四句:which→that 解析 考查名词性从句。从句说明belief的内容,因此应用that引导同位语从句。
第五句:I→we 解析 考查代词。根据上文和we可知应把I改为we。
第六句:part后加in 解析 考查介词。take part in参加。
第七句:or→and 解析 考查连词。make us full of energy 与have a high spirit是并列关系而非选择关系。
第八句:would→will 解析 考查动词的时态。此处表示将来应用一般将来时,故把would改为will。
真题实战 经典对练拿高分
NO.3
Group 1
A
(2021全国甲卷)
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire.One of the questions are:Who will you go in times of trouble Here are the results.Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other.Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help.Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own.Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.They kept very much to themselves.In my opinion,where in trouble,we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
第二句:are→is 解析 考查主谓一致。句子的主语是“One”,所以谓语动词用单数形式。
第二句:go后加to 解析 考查介词。go是不及物动词,后面接to才能带宾语who。
第四句:friend→friends 解析 考查名词复数。根据后面的“classmates”可知用复数形式。
第五句:删除turn后面的out 解析 考查动词短语。“turn to sb for help”向某人求助。
第六句:little→few 解析 考查代词。此处指的是学生,学生是可数名词,所以用few。
第六句:our→their 解析 考查代词。上下文出现的都是“their”,人称代词要保持一致。
第七句:talk→talking 解析 考查非谓语动词。“dislike”后面用动词-ing形式作宾语。
第八句:kept→keep 解析 考查动词时态。根据前面句子中的谓语动词可知,此处用一般现在时。
第九句:where→when/whenever 解析 考查连接副词。根据句意可知,此处表示“每当;无论何时”。
第九句:mostly→most 解析 考查副词。根据句意可知,此处表示“最信任的人”,most作副词,意为“最”,而mostly指的是“主要地;一般地;通常”。
B
(2021全国乙卷)
I love doing housework.I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals.I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.In my opinion,students can benefit a lot doing some housework.Firstly,doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person.Also,it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship.What’s most,doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.That’s our view on housework.And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
第二句:dish→dishes 解析 考查固定短语。do the dishes洗碗。
第三句:tidying→tidy 解析 考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该词和water一起构成并列谓语,故用动词原形。
第三句:whatever→whenever 解析 考查连词。根据句意可知,此处意为“必要时”,是whenever it is necessary的省略形式。
第四句:doing前面加from 解析 考查固定搭配。benefit from...从……中获益,缺少介词from。
第五句:was→is 解析 考查动词的时态。整篇文章的时态都是一般现在时,故把was改成is。
第六句:删除are 解析 考查谓语动词。此处的like是动词,意为“喜欢”,故are多余。
第七句:most→more 解析 考查固定搭配。what’s more此外,是固定搭配。
第七句:mentally→mental 解析 考查形容词。此处修饰名词relaxation,故用形容词形式。
第八句:our→my 解析 考查代词。整篇文章都是在讲述作者的个人感受,故用my。
第九句:hopes→hope 解析 考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知,本句是祈使句,故用动词原形。
Group 2
A
(2020全国Ⅰ卷)
Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs,and I thought it must to be easy to cook.My mom told me how to preparing it.First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove.I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.“Not that way,”my mom tried to stop us but failed.She was right.It didn’t turn out as I had wished.
第一句:simply→simple 解析 修饰名词应用形容词。
第二句:frying→fried 解析 表示“油炸的;油煎的”应用fried。
第二句:去掉must后面的to 解析 must为情态动词,后面接动词原形。
第三句:preparing→prepare 解析 动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。
第四句:but→and 解析 此处前后两个分句之间为并列关系,故用and。
第五句:chopstick→chopsticks 解析 chopstick为可数名词,这里应使用复数形式。
第六句:off→on 解析 根据语境可知,将油倒入锅中,应该打开炉子,故使用turn on。
第七句:unless→until或till 解析 根据句意“我耐心等待,直到油热为止”可知,应使用until或till。
第八句:在pan前加the 解析 表特指,应加the。
第九句:us→me 解析 文章描述的是作者本人做西红柿炒鸡蛋的经历。
B
(2020全国Ⅱ卷)
Thank you for your letter,what really made me happy.I’m glad to know that you’ve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.I’m surely you’ll have a good time.Actually,I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old,for I have long been out of practice.Luckily,I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.Then I can spare some time to learn it again,such that we can practice together on every day.Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.See you sooner.
第一句:what→which 解析 what不能引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是your letter,指物,故用which引导。
第二句:China前加介词to 解析 come是不及物动词,表示“来某地”需要借助介词to,come to China来中国。
第三句:surely→sure 解析 I’m sure (that)...我相信……,我肯定……,此处是形容词作表语。
第四句:start→started 解析 根据时间状语从句when I was seven years old可知,叙述的是作者7岁时发生的事情,所以主句谓语用一般过去时。
第四句:for→but/yet 解析 “7岁开始学功夫”与“很久没有练习”在语意上构成转折关系,而不是因果关系。
第五句:vacations→vacation 解析 此处表示两周后回家过“(今年的)暑假”,所以不能用复数。summer vacation暑假。
第六句:such→so 解析 so that可以引导目的状语从句,而such that不能引导目的状语从句。
第六句:every day前的介词on删掉 解析 every day是名词短语作状语,前面不需要加介词。
第七句:yours→your/you 解析 考查with sb’s/sb doing sth,如果是with sb’s doing sth结构,就是“with+宾语(sb’s doing sth—doing是动词-ing形式,作with的宾语)”;如果是with sb doing sth结构,就是“with+宾语(宾格you)+宾语补足语(现在分词)”。
第八句:sooner→soon 解析 see you soon再见,告别时的日常表达。
Group 3
A
(2020全国Ⅲ卷)
My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families.In order to make surely all of us are in good health,and she makes specific plans for us.For example,every morning,my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple.My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things,we may become ill.But he insists on us eating healthy food.Understanding her good intentions,I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
第一句:concerning→concerned 解析 考查形容词。be concerned about表示“对……关心/担心”,为固定用法。
第一句:families→family 解析 考查名词。此处表示“在我们的家庭中”,这里指的是一个家庭,故需要用单数形式。
第二句:surely→sure 解析 考查短语搭配。make sure意为“确保,务必”,是固定搭配。
第二句:去掉and 解析 考查连词。分析句子结构可知,前面的In order to make sure...部分为不定式短语作目的状语,后面的she makes specific plans for us为主谓宾结构,and用以连接相同的成分,此处前后并非相同的结构成分,and多余。
第三句:the→a 解析 考查冠词。have a bowl of egg soup表示“喝一碗鸡蛋汤”,这里的a bowl of意为“一碗……”,表示数量,故用不定冠词a,并非特指。
第三句:had→have 解析 考查时态。根据while前面分句的谓语动词has to可知,此处也应该用一般现在时描述当下的情形,故把had改为have。
第四句:don’t→doesn’t 解析 考查主谓一致。本句主语为My dad,表示单数概念,由于需要用一般现在时,故应该用doesn’t。
第五句:forced后加to 解析 考查非谓语动词。force意为“强迫”,短语be forced to do sth 表示“被迫去做某事”。
第六句:he→she 解析 考查代词。此处表示“妈妈坚持让我们吃健康的食物”,故应该用表述女性的代词的单数形式she。
第七句:what→that 解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,本句为定语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,先行词是the food,且被all修饰,故用关系代词that引导。
B
(2019全国Ⅰ卷)
I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.One afternoon where I was in primary school,I was walking by the school playground.Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.To everyone’s surprising,the ball went into the net.All the football player on the playground cheered loudly,say that I had a talent for football.From now on,I started to play my football with classmates after school.I am a good player now.
第一句:interesting→interested 解析 考查形容词。become interested in“对……感兴趣”。
第二句:where→when 解析 考查定语从句。定语从句中不缺成分,先行词表示时间。故用when。
第三句:football前面加a 解析 考查冠词。单数可数名词需要用限定词,“一个”足球,用a。
第三句:but→and 解析 考查并列连词。足球刚好落在“我”面前并且差点击中了“我”。此处表示并列关系,用and。
第四句:hardly→hard 解析 考查副词。hardly“几乎不”;hard“用力地”。“我”用力踢回去,用hard。
第五句:surprising→surprise 解析 考查固定短语。to one’s surprise“让某人惊讶的是”。
第六句:player→players 解析 考查名词。all“所有的”修饰名词复数,故用players。
第六句:say→saying 解析 考查非谓语动词。句中已经有谓语动词cheered,应该用非谓语动词,say有宾语,用动词-ing 形式。
第七句:now→then 解析 考查副词。此处表示从那时起,用from then on。
第七句:去掉football前的my 解析 考查代词。play football为固定搭配,意为“踢足球”。
第三部分 写作
专题五 短文改错
英 语
2023
内容索引
NO.1 读文总策略 三步法破解短文改错
NO.2 题型微技法 突破两大类型短文改错题
NO.3 真题实战 经典对练拿高分
读文总策略 三步法破解
短文改错
NO.1
短文改错题设题目的在于测试考生判断、发现、纠正语篇中语言错误的能力,考查考生在语篇中对语言的观察能力、评价能力,以及综合运用英语的准确性能力。因此,考生在解题时必须立足于篇章,先从宏观把握,再从微观入手,方能正确解题。
典例印证
(2022全国甲卷)
My father often took me to his hospital when I was off my school.He showed me how his medical instruments was used.I felt so closely to him.However,after I went to high school,somehow I become distant from him.I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it.One day,he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations.With the efforts made by all sides,we began to understand each other better.
三步法解题流程
第一步:立足语篇
要快速浏览全文,把握文章大意,注意语篇结构和行文逻辑。
语篇大意:本文是一篇记叙文,文章介绍了作者在成长过程中和父亲之间关系的变化及处理分歧的过程。
第二步:着眼句子
从句子入手,逐句分析,推敲语法,注意几乎每年都考查的动词、名词、形容词和代词类错误,同时注意其他语法类错误。
第①句:代词误用。句意:当我不上学时,我的爸爸经常带我去他的医院。off school为固定短语,表示“不上学”,school前面不加任何限定词。故将 。
my去掉
第②句:动词误用。句意:他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。主语instruments为复数形式,全文用一般过去时,be动词用复数形式were。故将 。
第③句:形容词误用。句意:我对他感觉如此亲近。felt为系动词,后面用形容词作表语,表示“亲近的”,closely为副词,此处应用close。故将 。
第④句:时态误用。句意:然而,在我上了高中之后,不知怎么地,我开始疏远他。全文用一般过去时,动词become应改为过去式became。故将 。
was改为were
closely改为close
become改为became
第⑤句:不定式符号漏用。句意:我不愿意和他交谈,经常违反他让我不要和朋友在外面待到很晚的规定。be willing to do“愿意做”,为固定短语。故在 。
第⑤句:非谓语动词误用。句意同上。of为介词,后面用动词-ing形式staying作宾语。故将 。
第⑥句:副词误用。句意:这分歧如此尖锐,以至于他和我都不知道如何解决它。固定句型“so...that...”译为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。故将 。
第⑥句:副词误用。句意同上。此处为“疑问副词+不定式”结构来作动词knew的宾语。结合句意,此处表达“如何解决它”,settle it为动宾关系,此处缺少方式状语,用how。故将 。
talk前面加to
stay改为staying
too改为so
what改为how
第三步:关注逻辑
第⑦句:并列连词误用。句意:一天,他和我交谈,并且希望修补我们的关系。根据语境,“talked with me”与“hoped to mend our relations”为顺承、递进关系,用and连接。故将 。
第⑧句:限定词误用。句意:在两方的努力下,我们开始更好地理解对方。结合语境可知,此处表示作者和父亲双方,用both修饰sides,表示两方,all用于三者及以上。故将 。
or改为and
all改为both
题型微技法 突破两大类型短文改错题
NO.2
类型一 改词
聚焦命题明晰增分策略
研命题 透析高考真题,把握命题规律
年份 卷别 考查方向 动词 非谓语动词 形容词/副词 名词 并列连词 从句 代词
2022 全国甲卷 2 1 2 1 1 1
全国乙卷 2 1 1 1 2 1
2021 全国甲卷 2 1 1 1 1 2
全国乙卷 3 2 1 1 1
2020 全国Ⅰ卷 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
全国Ⅱ卷 1 0 2 1 1 2 1
全国Ⅲ卷 2 2 1 1 1 1 1
明策略 升华解题思维,考场有序增分
命题方式 解题步骤 备考策略
涉及错词一般为8个,一般与实词相关。考点主要涉及动词的时态、语态和主谓一致,非谓语动词,并列连词,三大从句的引导词,名词单复数与词形转换,形容词和副词的构词规律,代词的基本用法及固定搭配等。 1.通读全文,在理解文章大意的基础上理清逻辑关系。短文改错依托语篇,要想做对试题、提高分数,首先要从整体上理解文章。 2.以句为单位,细查语法。对语法的考查多体现在句子上,因此,准确理解句子,正确分析句子成分是正确作答的关键。 3.从动词入手,掌握全文的主要时态以及句型。动词既是两类试题的考查重点,也是理解句子、把握文章脉络的关键。 立足基础,掌握规律,熟记特例,重点提升。规则变化是常考点,但考查的难点往往是不规则变化。因此,考生在考前要重点复习不规则动词的变化、名词变复数的特例、形容词和副词比较等级变化的特例等。
技巧点拨领悟解题之道
典型例题
1.(2022全国乙卷)Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
2.(2022甘肃兰州一模)As we all know,books are the source of knowledges.
答案 bicycle→bicycles
解析 考查名词。bicycle为可数名词,由句中的cars和句意可知,此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。
答案 knowledges→knowledge
解析 考查不可数名词。此处knowledge为不可数名词,没有复数形式。故将knowledges改为knowledge。
考查角度&技巧点拨
典型例题
3.(2022全国乙卷)When you ride a bicycle,you don’t use petrol.So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not causing air pollution.
4.(2022甘肃兰州一模) For one thing,they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons.For other,they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.
答案 they→you
解析 考查代词。根据前一句中的人称you可知,这里假设“你”骑自行车,前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。
答案 other→another
解析 考查代词。此处意为“另一方面”,表达为for another。故将other改为another。
考查角度&技巧点拨
5.(2022全国乙卷)They often run at high speeds,which may put our lives in danger.And there were traffic jams,too.
6.(2022全国乙卷) A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists.
典型例题
答案 were→are
解析 考查时态。根据上下文时态可知,本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
答案 lives→live
解析 考查主谓一致。people是集合名词,谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。
考查角度&技巧点拨
7.(2022内蒙古通辽二模) I’m quite pleased that you’re anxious to learn about the activity Save Food holding by our school.
典型例题
答案 holding→held
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处是非谓语动词作后置定语。hold与其逻辑主语the activity Save Food是动宾关系,故用过去分词。故将holding改为held。
考查角度&技巧点拨
8.(2022全国乙卷) We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise.
典型例题
答案 greatly→great
解析 考查形容词。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
考查角度&技巧点拨
9.(2022甘肃兰州一模) But which interests me most is literary books,especially those written by famous writers.
典型例题
答案 which→what
解析 考查主语从句。此处为主语从句,从句缺少主语,且意思为“什么”,故应用what引导。故将which改为what。
考查角度&技巧点拨
10.(2022内蒙古通辽二模)
An exhibition of Chinese Calligraphy what was written by students was displayed on the school library.
典型例题
答案 what→which/that
解析 考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词Chinese Calligraphy,指物,先行词在从句中作主语,故用which或that引导。故将what改为which/that。
考查角度&技巧点拨
11.(2022四川泸州三模)
There was a time when I was too proud that I overlooked my classmates,refusing to work together with them.
典型例题
答案 too→so
解析 考查固定句式。固定句型so...that“如此……以至于”,修饰形容词proud用副词so,故将too改为so。
考查角度&技巧点拨
12.(2022江西九江一模)
Then,speak louder but more clearly to get your points across better.
典型例题
答案 but→and
解析 考查连词。“louder”和“more clearly”是并列关系,应用and,故将but改为and。
考查角度&技巧点拨
13.(2022四川雅安三模)Boys and girls,sports help to make you much stronger and healthier,as well as keep you on good shape.
典型例题
答案 on→in
解析 考查固定短语。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“keep sb in good shape”,意为“使某人保持良好的体型”。故将on改为in。
考查角度&技巧点拨
14.(2022陕西商洛期末)We should ensure the development strategies are followed in the environmentally friendly way.
典型例题
答案 第二个the→an
解析 考查冠词。可数名词way在句中指“一种方式”,是单数,泛指,应用不定冠词限定,又因副词environmentally发音以元音音素开头,所以应用不定冠词an修饰。故将the改为an。
考查角度&技巧点拨
课堂应用
Passage 1
(2022四川宜宾三模)
One of my hobbies are gardening in my spare time.Now it’s great pleasure for me to share the details about when I plant flowers.First,I prepare an empty container with holes making at the bottom.Then I mixed some soil and sand and put the mixture into the container.After dipping the cuttings into rooting powder,I put it in the soil mixture.It takes 4-6 week for the roots to form.And then they are final ready for being repotted or given as gifts.My understanding of plants is also growing by.I am grateful for these plants,from that I have benefited a lot.
第一句:are→is 解析 考查主谓一致。句子描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语是One of my hobbies,为单数,所以系动词应用is,故将are改为is。
第二句:great前加a 解析 考查冠词。It’s a pleasure for sb to do sth 是固定句型,意为“做某事对某人来说是一种乐趣”。great发音以辅音音素开头,应用a,故在great前加a。
第二句:when→how 解析 考查宾语从句引导词。此处表示“如何种花”,应用how来引导宾语从句,表示方式,故将when改为how。
第三句:making→made 解析 考查非谓语动词。动词make与holes之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作宾语补足语,故将making改为made。
第四句:mixed→mix 解析 考查动词的时态。整个文章在描述如何种花,用的是一般现在时,所以此处也应用一般现在时。主语是I,谓语动词mix应用原形,故将mixed改为mix。
第五句:it→them 解析 考查代词。此处是指“将插条放入土壤混合物”,所以应用them代指前面的复数名词cuttings,作宾语,故将it改为them。
第六句:week→weeks 解析 考查名词单复数。可数名词week前有数词4-6,所以应用复数形式,故将week改为weeks。
第七句:final→finally 解析 考查副词。修饰形容词ready应用副词finally,故将final改为finally。
第八句:删除by 解析 考查动词。此处表示“增长”应用不及物动词grow,此处by是多余的,故删除by。
第九句:that→which 解析 考查定语从句。逗号后面的句子是非限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作介词from的宾语,应用which来引导,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,故将that改为which。
Passage 2
(原创题)
Our school has set up a column calling “Soul Castle” for Senior 3 students.It is aimed at relieving pressure,but ensuring the health of students.The column has the unique advantage which the experts in psychology can give us the expertise and guidance from a psychological point of view.It covers the thoughts and feelings of students and the professional suggestion.
From my point of view,not only our school attach importance to our study but also puts our mentally health at the top of the list.It also provides the platform to communicate with our teachers and parents.Beside,we can get help and guidance from professionals to solve my mental problems.With their help,we can take up the College Entrance Examination with confidence.
第一句:calling→called 解析 考查非谓语动词。column与call之间为被动关系,因此用过去分词。
第二句:but→and 解析 考查并列连词。relieving pressure与 ensuring the health of students为并列关系,因此应用and。
第三句:which→that 解析 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,advantage后的从句为同位语从句,说明advantage的内容,且从句结构完整,因此应把which改为that。
第四句:suggestion→suggestions 解析 考查名词的数。suggestion为可数名词,根据句中的thoughts and feelings可知应用复数形式。
第五句:not only后加does 解析 考查动词的时态。not only置于句首时,需要部分倒装。此处叙述个人观点,应用一般现在时,主语为our school,因此需要加does。
第五句:mentally→mental 解析 考查形容词。修饰名词health应用形容词,故把mentally改为mental。
第六句:the→a 解析 考查冠词。此处表示泛指,指一个平台,因此应把the改为a。
第七句:Beside→Besides 解析 考查副词。此处与上文为递进关系,故应把Beside改为Besides。
第七句:my→our 解析 考查代词。根据上文以及句子的主语we可知此处应用our。
第八句:去掉take 后的up 解析 考查介词。take the College Entrance Examination“参加高考”,up多余。
类型二 加词和删词
聚焦命题明晰增分策略
研命题 透析高考真题,把握命题规律
年份 卷别 考查方向 动词 非谓语动词 介词/副词 代词
2022 全国甲卷 1 1
全国乙卷 1 1
2021 全国甲卷 2
全国乙卷 1 1
2020 全国Ⅰ卷 1
全国Ⅱ卷 2
全国Ⅲ卷 1
明策略 升华解题思维,考场有序增分
命题方式 解题步骤 备考策略
多词和少词一般各设一道题,往往与虚词相关,但也涉及动词不定式的符号to以及助动词、系动词的用法。 1.通读全文,理解文章大意并理清逻辑关系。 2.准确理解句子,正确分析句子成分。根据句意和结构判断句中的限定词、介词、代词、不定式符号、be动词等是否存在多余或缺失的情况。 考生在平时的复习过程中要积累含有不定式符号to的搭配,分清冠词的泛指和特指,掌握介词的用法和搭配,还要理解主动语态以及被动语态的含义。
技巧点拨领悟解题之道
典型例题
1.(2022全国乙卷)Just see how cars have been taken over our cities.
答案 去掉have后的been
解析 考查语态。主语cars与动词take over之间是主谓关系,应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。
典型例题
2.(2022安徽淮南二模)Honestly,not until we were exposed to the hot sun we realize how hard it was to work in the fields.
答案 第二个we前加did
解析 考查倒装句和助动词。结合句首的not until可知句子使用部分倒装;分析句子中的were和was,可知句子时态是一般过去时;主语we之前应该使用助动词did构成部分倒装。故在we前加did。
考查角度
(1)主动语态还是被动语态:助动词多余或缺失;
(2)倒装结构中助动词的缺失。
典型例题
3.(2022全国乙卷)Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air,smooth movement and exercise.
4.(2022贵州毕节二模)What we are devoted to is valuable to create for a better future.
答案 because后加of
解析 考查介词。because表示“因为”,后面接从句,短语because of表示“因为”,后面接名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作宾语,the combination of fresh air,smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。
答案 去掉for
解析 考查介词。create是及物动词,其后可直接跟宾语。故去掉for。
考查角度
(1)介词的多余:及物动词后可以直接跟宾语,无须再加介词;last,next等后跟名词表时间时无须加介词;
(2)介词的缺失:不及物动词后跟宾语时应加相应的介词;
(3)注意固定搭配中介词的有无。
典型例题 考查角度
5.(2022贵州毕节二模)On the other hand,I study hard to be useful person. 冠词:可数名词前和固定搭配中冠词的多余或缺失。
答案 useful前加a
解析 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个”有用的人,用不定冠词,useful发音以辅音音素开头。故在useful前加a。
典型例题 考查角度
6.(2022安徽马鞍山二模)Some students are willing take part but they are worried that they don’t have enough time. 不定式标志to缺失或多余。
答案 take前加to
解析 考查固定短语。结合句意表达“乐意/愿意做某事”用be willing to do sth。故在take前加to。
典型例题
7.(2022贵州黔东南一模)It is generally believed there is a good supply of fresh water.
8.(2022河南六市联考)Knowing that what others read is exciting in the club.
答案 believed后加that
解析 考查名词性从句。此句涉及主语从句结构It is generally believed that...,其中It是形式主语,连接词that引导主语从句,主语从句中的that不能省略。故在believed后加that。
答案 删除that
解析 考查宾语从句。此处为what引导的宾语从句,在从句中作宾语,故删除that。
考查角度
从句中连接词、关系词以及从属连词的多余或缺失。
典型例题 考查角度
9.(2022河南安阳二模)He pulled out a $20 bill and tried to give to us. (1)代词的多余:主要是形容词性物主代词的多余、定语从句中代词的多余和固定结构中代词的多余;
(2)代词的缺失:主要是人称代词与物主代词的缺失,若缺少主语需考虑是否用人称代词,还要根据上下文考虑名词前是否缺少物主代词,另外还要注意it的缺失。
答案 give后加it
解析 考查代词。give为及物动词,不可省略宾语,此处应用代词it代指前文a $20 bill,作宾语。故在give后加it。
典型例题 考查角度
10.I hope it won’t cause you too much more trouble. 比较级结构中more多余或缺失。
答案 去掉more
解析 考查比较等级。此处没有比较的含义,因此more多余。too much trouble“太多麻烦”。
课堂应用
Passage 1
(2022河南洛阳二模)
Last Sunday morning,my mom took me to a farm.I have never visited a farm before,but I was filled with excitement when we finally arrived.It was a beautiful farm,that we received a warmly welcome.After leading us into the farm,a farmer told us about the crops grown there.Then he showed us how harvest corn.We helped her get in the corn happily.He praised me of being careful at work.Later,followed the farmer,I saw some sheeps and learned how to feed them.On that day,I was quite enjoyed myself.I wish for another visit to the farm in the near future.
第二句:have→had 解析 考查时态。根据上文“Last Sunday morning”可知,是上周日去的农场,由before可知,此处表示作者在此之前没去过农场,故应用过去完成时。故将have改为had。
第二句:but→so 解析 考查连词。根据上文“I have never visited a farm before”与下文“I was filled with excitement when we finally arrived”可推知,上下文是因果关系,不是转折关系。故将but改为so。
第三句:that→where 解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词是farm,在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where。故将that 改为where。
第三句:warmly→warm 解析 考查形容词。welcome为名词,形容词修饰名词。故将warmly 改为warm。
第五句:在harvest 前加to 解析 考查动词不定式。固定结构“疑问词+to do”作宾语,故在harvest 前加to。
第六句:her→him 解析 考查人称代词。根据上文“Then he showed us”可知,这是一位男士不是女士。故将her改为him。
第七句:of→for 解析 考查介词。固定搭配praise sb for sth“为某事表扬某人”。故将of改为for。
第八句:followed→following 解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是saw,动词follow用非谓语动词形式作状语,与其逻辑主语I是主动关系,用现在分词。故将followed 改为following。
第八句:sheeps→sheep 解析 考查名词。sheep是单复数同形的名词,所以即使是复数,也用sheep。故将sheeps改为sheep。
第九句:删除was 解析 考查动词的语态。固定短语 enjoy oneself “玩得开心”为动词短语,在句中作谓语。主语 I与 enjoyed myself是主动关系,不是被动关系。故删除was。
Passage 2
Recently,lacked in self-confidence,many students are becoming anxious and nervous during the stressful and busy preparation for the exam review.So it’s high time that we build up our self-confidence.
When we are faced with the new challenges,we may feel nervously and be not sure whether we can make it.But we must have confidences,because only when we have it can we have the belief which we can achieve our dream.It’s more than important that we build up our self-confidence if I don’t have it.For example,we can take part more physical labor or some sports.They can make us full of energy or have a high spirit.On that condition,we would say goodbye to inferiority and be confident.
第一句:lacked→lacking 解析 考查非谓语动词。many students与lack之间为主动关系,故应改为现在分词形式。
第二句:build→built 解析 考查虚拟语气。It is high time that sb did sth. “某人该做某事了”。
第三句:去掉the 解析 考查冠词。根据句意可知,“new challenges”不表示特指,因此应删除the。
第三句:nervously→nervous 解析 考查形容词。feel为系动词,后跟形容词作表语。
第四句:confidences→confidence 解析 考查名词。confidence为不可数名词,没有复数形式。
第四句:which→that 解析 考查名词性从句。从句说明belief的内容,因此应用that引导同位语从句。
第五句:I→we 解析 考查代词。根据上文和we可知应把I改为we。
第六句:part后加in 解析 考查介词。take part in参加。
第七句:or→and 解析 考查连词。make us full of energy 与have a high spirit是并列关系而非选择关系。
第八句:would→will 解析 考查动词的时态。此处表示将来应用一般将来时,故把would改为will。
真题实战 经典对练拿高分
NO.3
Group 1
A
(2021全国甲卷)
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire.One of the questions are:Who will you go in times of trouble Here are the results.Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other.Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help.Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own.Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.They kept very much to themselves.In my opinion,where in trouble,we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
第二句:are→is 解析 考查主谓一致。句子的主语是“One”,所以谓语动词用单数形式。
第二句:go后加to 解析 考查介词。go是不及物动词,后面接to才能带宾语who。
第四句:friend→friends 解析 考查名词复数。根据后面的“classmates”可知用复数形式。
第五句:删除turn后面的out 解析 考查动词短语。“turn to sb for help”向某人求助。
第六句:little→few 解析 考查代词。此处指的是学生,学生是可数名词,所以用few。
第六句:our→their 解析 考查代词。上下文出现的都是“their”,人称代词要保持一致。
第七句:talk→talking 解析 考查非谓语动词。“dislike”后面用动词-ing形式作宾语。
第八句:kept→keep 解析 考查动词时态。根据前面句子中的谓语动词可知,此处用一般现在时。
第九句:where→when/whenever 解析 考查连接副词。根据句意可知,此处表示“每当;无论何时”。
第九句:mostly→most 解析 考查副词。根据句意可知,此处表示“最信任的人”,most作副词,意为“最”,而mostly指的是“主要地;一般地;通常”。
B
(2021全国乙卷)
I love doing housework.I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals.I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.In my opinion,students can benefit a lot doing some housework.Firstly,doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person.Also,it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship.What’s most,doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.That’s our view on housework.And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
第二句:dish→dishes 解析 考查固定短语。do the dishes洗碗。
第三句:tidying→tidy 解析 考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该词和water一起构成并列谓语,故用动词原形。
第三句:whatever→whenever 解析 考查连词。根据句意可知,此处意为“必要时”,是whenever it is necessary的省略形式。
第四句:doing前面加from 解析 考查固定搭配。benefit from...从……中获益,缺少介词from。
第五句:was→is 解析 考查动词的时态。整篇文章的时态都是一般现在时,故把was改成is。
第六句:删除are 解析 考查谓语动词。此处的like是动词,意为“喜欢”,故are多余。
第七句:most→more 解析 考查固定搭配。what’s more此外,是固定搭配。
第七句:mentally→mental 解析 考查形容词。此处修饰名词relaxation,故用形容词形式。
第八句:our→my 解析 考查代词。整篇文章都是在讲述作者的个人感受,故用my。
第九句:hopes→hope 解析 考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知,本句是祈使句,故用动词原形。
Group 2
A
(2020全国Ⅰ卷)
Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs,and I thought it must to be easy to cook.My mom told me how to preparing it.First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove.I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.“Not that way,”my mom tried to stop us but failed.She was right.It didn’t turn out as I had wished.
第一句:simply→simple 解析 修饰名词应用形容词。
第二句:frying→fried 解析 表示“油炸的;油煎的”应用fried。
第二句:去掉must后面的to 解析 must为情态动词,后面接动词原形。
第三句:preparing→prepare 解析 动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。
第四句:but→and 解析 此处前后两个分句之间为并列关系,故用and。
第五句:chopstick→chopsticks 解析 chopstick为可数名词,这里应使用复数形式。
第六句:off→on 解析 根据语境可知,将油倒入锅中,应该打开炉子,故使用turn on。
第七句:unless→until或till 解析 根据句意“我耐心等待,直到油热为止”可知,应使用until或till。
第八句:在pan前加the 解析 表特指,应加the。
第九句:us→me 解析 文章描述的是作者本人做西红柿炒鸡蛋的经历。
B
(2020全国Ⅱ卷)
Thank you for your letter,what really made me happy.I’m glad to know that you’ve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.I’m surely you’ll have a good time.Actually,I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old,for I have long been out of practice.Luckily,I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.Then I can spare some time to learn it again,such that we can practice together on every day.Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.See you sooner.
第一句:what→which 解析 what不能引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是your letter,指物,故用which引导。
第二句:China前加介词to 解析 come是不及物动词,表示“来某地”需要借助介词to,come to China来中国。
第三句:surely→sure 解析 I’m sure (that)...我相信……,我肯定……,此处是形容词作表语。
第四句:start→started 解析 根据时间状语从句when I was seven years old可知,叙述的是作者7岁时发生的事情,所以主句谓语用一般过去时。
第四句:for→but/yet 解析 “7岁开始学功夫”与“很久没有练习”在语意上构成转折关系,而不是因果关系。
第五句:vacations→vacation 解析 此处表示两周后回家过“(今年的)暑假”,所以不能用复数。summer vacation暑假。
第六句:such→so 解析 so that可以引导目的状语从句,而such that不能引导目的状语从句。
第六句:every day前的介词on删掉 解析 every day是名词短语作状语,前面不需要加介词。
第七句:yours→your/you 解析 考查with sb’s/sb doing sth,如果是with sb’s doing sth结构,就是“with+宾语(sb’s doing sth—doing是动词-ing形式,作with的宾语)”;如果是with sb doing sth结构,就是“with+宾语(宾格you)+宾语补足语(现在分词)”。
第八句:sooner→soon 解析 see you soon再见,告别时的日常表达。
Group 3
A
(2020全国Ⅲ卷)
My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families.In order to make surely all of us are in good health,and she makes specific plans for us.For example,every morning,my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple.My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things,we may become ill.But he insists on us eating healthy food.Understanding her good intentions,I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
第一句:concerning→concerned 解析 考查形容词。be concerned about表示“对……关心/担心”,为固定用法。
第一句:families→family 解析 考查名词。此处表示“在我们的家庭中”,这里指的是一个家庭,故需要用单数形式。
第二句:surely→sure 解析 考查短语搭配。make sure意为“确保,务必”,是固定搭配。
第二句:去掉and 解析 考查连词。分析句子结构可知,前面的In order to make sure...部分为不定式短语作目的状语,后面的she makes specific plans for us为主谓宾结构,and用以连接相同的成分,此处前后并非相同的结构成分,and多余。
第三句:the→a 解析 考查冠词。have a bowl of egg soup表示“喝一碗鸡蛋汤”,这里的a bowl of意为“一碗……”,表示数量,故用不定冠词a,并非特指。
第三句:had→have 解析 考查时态。根据while前面分句的谓语动词has to可知,此处也应该用一般现在时描述当下的情形,故把had改为have。
第四句:don’t→doesn’t 解析 考查主谓一致。本句主语为My dad,表示单数概念,由于需要用一般现在时,故应该用doesn’t。
第五句:forced后加to 解析 考查非谓语动词。force意为“强迫”,短语be forced to do sth 表示“被迫去做某事”。
第六句:he→she 解析 考查代词。此处表示“妈妈坚持让我们吃健康的食物”,故应该用表述女性的代词的单数形式she。
第七句:what→that 解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,本句为定语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,先行词是the food,且被all修饰,故用关系代词that引导。
B
(2019全国Ⅰ卷)
I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.One afternoon where I was in primary school,I was walking by the school playground.Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.To everyone’s surprising,the ball went into the net.All the football player on the playground cheered loudly,say that I had a talent for football.From now on,I started to play my football with classmates after school.I am a good player now.
第一句:interesting→interested 解析 考查形容词。become interested in“对……感兴趣”。
第二句:where→when 解析 考查定语从句。定语从句中不缺成分,先行词表示时间。故用when。
第三句:football前面加a 解析 考查冠词。单数可数名词需要用限定词,“一个”足球,用a。
第三句:but→and 解析 考查并列连词。足球刚好落在“我”面前并且差点击中了“我”。此处表示并列关系,用and。
第四句:hardly→hard 解析 考查副词。hardly“几乎不”;hard“用力地”。“我”用力踢回去,用hard。
第五句:surprising→surprise 解析 考查固定短语。to one’s surprise“让某人惊讶的是”。
第六句:player→players 解析 考查名词。all“所有的”修饰名词复数,故用players。
第六句:say→saying 解析 考查非谓语动词。句中已经有谓语动词cheered,应该用非谓语动词,say有宾语,用动词-ing 形式。
第七句:now→then 解析 考查副词。此处表示从那时起,用from then on。
第七句:去掉football前的my 解析 考查代词。play football为固定搭配,意为“踢足球”。