人教版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions复习课件（共61张PPT）

(共61张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 4 History and Traditions
目录
单词
壹
语法
贰
语言点
叁
课文短语
肆
单词
壹
1. philosophy n.哲学→philosopher n.哲学家；哲人→philosophically adv. 哲学上；贤明地
2. descendant n.后裔；后代；子孙 →descend v. 下降；下倾；降临→descending adj. 递降的
3. individual adj. 单独的；个别的 n. 个人 →individually adv. 个别地；单独地
4. puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑→puzzlement n. 迷惑；费解→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的→puzzled adj. 困惑的；迷惑不解的
5. nearby adj. 附近的；邻近的 adv. 在附近→near adv. 在附近 prep. 接近；靠近 adj. 近
6. military adj. 军事的；军国主义→militarist n. 军事家；军国主义者
7. defence n.防御；保卫 → defensive v. 防御
8. legal adj. 法律的；合法的→legality n. 合法→illegal adj. 非法的 （反义词）
9. surround vt. 围绕；包围→ surrounding n. 环境
10. evidence n.证据；证明→evident adj. 清楚地；显然的
11. achievement n.成就；成绩；达到 →achieve v. 达到；完成
12. location n. 地方；地点；位置 →locate v. 位于
13. fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinated adj.入迷的
→fascinate v. 入迷
14. announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称→ announcement n. 公告
15. generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosity n. 慷慨；大方
16. eager adj. 热切的；渴望的 → eagerness n. 渴望；热心→ eagerly adv. 急切地；渴望地；热心地
17. striking adj. 引人注目的；显著的→strikingly adv. 显著地；突出地→strike v. 打击；罢工；冲击；侵袭
语法
贰
Read the pictures below and try to make up a complete story according to your understanding.
Observe the rules of the past participle
Appreciate the story, read it with your emotion and pay attention to the coloured words.
It was snowing and very cold outside. A little girl was walking in the street, selling matches. She didn’t wear any shoes because she had her shoes lost. She looked very worried because there were lots of burnt matches left. She wished all her matches sold but nobody bought a single one. She was so cold that she sat in a corner with her legs huddled up.
Observe the rules of the past participle
She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree decorated very beautifully. The lighted candles were burning brightly and she seemed very delighted. She lit another one and saw her grandmother. She asked her grandmother to take her away.
The next day, people saw the girl frozen to death. What a poor girl!
Observe the rules of the past participle
The lighted candles were burning brightly …
… there were lots of burnt left.
… saw a Christmas tree decorated very beautifully.
Observe the sentences and find the rules of the past participle.
单个的过去分词用作定语通常置于其所修饰的名词之 ;过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之 ，作 。
前
后
后置定语
Observe the rules of the past participle
1. She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree decorated very beautifully.
= She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree which was decorated very beautifully.
过去分词作定语，可以转化成相对应的_______ 从句。
定语
Observe the sentences and find the rules of the past participle.
Observe the rules of the past participle
1. They use the same flag, which is known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
即学即用
Observe the rules of the past participle
2. This is a little similar to the British tradition of an informal cup of tea served with snacks.
This is a little similar to the British tradition of an informal cup of tea which is served with snacks.
即学即用
Observe the rules of the past participle
She didn’t wear any shoes because she had her shoes lost.
She wished all her matches sold but nobody bought a single one.
She was so cold that she sat in a corner with her legs huddled up.
The next day, people saw the girl frozen to death. What a poor girl!
过去分词紧跟在______ 之后作__________ , 用于补充完整宾语的含义，过去分词与宾语存在_______关系。
宾语
宾语补足语
被动
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule One
She didn’t wear any shoes because she had her shoes ______.
lost
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Two
The girls are having their eyesight _________. (examine)
examined
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Two
He had his hair _____ (cut).
He had his clothes _______ (wash).
He had his room _______ (clean).
He had his walls _______ (paint).
He had his bike ________ (repair).
cut
washed
cleaned
painted
repaired
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Two
He will have his eyes examined tomorrow.
He had the walls painted this morning.
Be careful, or you’ll have your hands hurt.
1. 意为“主语请别人做某事”, 表示______ 。意为“使完成某事” 。
2. 事情既可以是别人做，也可以由主语自己做，表示________。他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）
3. 意为“主语遭遇不测的事情”，表示_______。
have + 宾语 + 过去分词
被动
完成
意外
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Two
Xiao Xin found all his money ________ (steal) on his way home.
stolen
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Three
I saw him _______ (blame) by his mother.
blamed
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Three
I saw him (beat) by his mother.
beaten
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Three
表示＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿的动词后接宾语，
其宾语后可接＿＿＿＿＿作宾补，如：＿_＿＿_＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿____________等。
表示：________________________。
感官或心理状态
过去分词
notice, hear, listen to, feel, think, find, observe
see, watch,
“感受到某人或某事被做”
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Three
Summary
She wished all her matches _____ but nobody bought a single one.
sold
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Four
The father wants his daughter _________ (teach) the piano.
taught
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Four
表示“希望；命令”的动词如: like, order, want, wish, 可用过去分词作宾语补足语，相当于过去分词短语前省略了________, 表示___________________________。
I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible.
I want the work (to be) finished by Sunday.
Jim ordered the room (to be) cleaned.
to be
“希望 / 要求某人或某事被做”
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Four
She was so cold that she sat in a corner with her legs ________ (huddle) up.
huddled
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Five
My mother never allows me to play computer games with my homework ____________ (unfinish).
unfinished
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Five
“with ＋ 宾语 ＋ 过去分词”结构中, 过去分词用作介词with的 。过去分词与宾语之间是 _______关系。
With water heated, we can see the steam rising.
With the matter settled, we all went home happily.
He stood there with his hands tied behind his back.
宾语补足语
动宾
Observe the rules of the past participle: Rule Five
get, have, make, keep, leave等
watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find等
want, wish, like, expect, order等
“with + 宾语 + 宾补”
过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系
主语 ＋ 谓语动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 过去分词
“致使某人或某事被……”
“感受到某人或某事被做”
“希望 / 要求某人或某事被做”
Summary
语言点
叁
surround...with...用……包围……
be surrounded by/with被……包围
vt.包围；围绕(surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 surroundings n.环境)
1
surround
(1)The (surround) fascinating landscape nearly took my breath away.
surrounding
(2)您可以给我一些关于如何适应陌生环境的有益的建议吗？(应用文写作之求助信)
Would you please offer me some beneficial advice on _________________

(3)绿树掩映，这个农场坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下。一条小河曲曲折折穿行其中。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small river flowing through the farm.
unfamiliar surroundings
how to adapt to the
Surrounded by green trees
charge sb. with (doing) sth. ＝accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控某人
犯……罪
charge sb. money for sth. 因某事/物收某人钱
charge at向……发起冲锋，扑向
free of charge＝for free免费
in charge of掌管(表状态)
take charge of掌管(表动作)
in the charge of被……掌管；由……负责
vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲
n.收费；指控；主管
2
charge
(1)We have enough evidence and confidence to charge you abuse of power.
(2)The generous owner of the pub charged us only a small amount of money wine and beer.
(3)上周我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。(议论文写作)
Last week we had a heated debate about ____________________________
.
with
for
whether citizens can access the
Science Museum free of charge/for free
(4)张着血盆大口，这只凶猛的饿狼突然跳起来，冲向我，就快要一口把我吃掉。(读后续写之动作链描写)
Opening its bloody mouth，the fierce hungry wolf sprang to its feet suddenly， and was about to eat me up in one gulp.
(5)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
(2021·全国甲，书面表达)
I will designed to introduce traditional Chinese cultures to foreigners.
charged at me
be in charge of/take charge of a theme class meeting
the amount of...……的数量
“大量/少量的”表达：
a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)
large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)
amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于
n.金额；数量
v.总计，共计；相当于，等于
3
amount
(1)Yesterday large amounts of honey and butter (be) used to make this kind of snack.
(2)A large amount of money (be) spent on the construction of the school last year.
(3)青少年吃垃圾食品的数量逐年上涨，这逐渐损害了他们的健康。
，which gradually ruins their health.
were
was
The amount of junk food teenagers eat goes up year by year
(4)为了保持健康，有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。(应用文写作之建议信)
In order to keep healthy，________________________________________
.
(5)暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。
(2021·6月浙江，读后续写)
The money I earned during the summer holiday ，which could help support my family.
a proper amount of regular exercise is quite
necessary
amounted to 300 dollars
an approach to (doing) sth. (做某事的)方法/途径；接近，靠近
at the approach of在快到……的时候
be approaching正在/将要接近
with...approaching在……快到的时候
approach sth. /sb. 接近某物/某人
n.接近；方法；途径 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近
4
approach
(1)With the Spring Festival (approach)，we became more and more excited.
(2)我最尊敬的人是我的班主任，他总是为我们提供不同的解决困难的方法。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
The person I respect most is my headteacher who ____________________
.
(3)随着汽车靠近Brunswick，Vingo浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。(读后续写之心理描写)(with的复合结构)
，Vingo shook all over，feeling like sitting on pins and needles.
approaching
always offers us
different approaches to handling our difficulties
With the bus approaching Brunswick
(4)简颤抖着站起来，向丈夫走去，扑进他的怀里，在他的肩膀上哭个不停。(读后续写之动作链描写)
Jane got to her feet shakily， and threw herself into his arms，sobbing uncontrollably on his shoulders.
approached her husband
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物
with eagerness热切地；急切地
hide one’s eagerness掩饰某人的渴望
adj.渴望的；热切的(eagerly adv.热心地；急切地eagerness n.热切；渴望)
5
eager
(1)I looked at the poet straight in the eyes and wanted to know the truth with (eager).
eagerness
(2)As soon as we came to the new city，we found ourselves eager _______
(have) a taste of local snacks.
(3)The young man was eager a good position in that company after he graduated.
(4)当这个男孩被问及是否想要一个生日礼物的时候，他无法掩饰他的渴望。(读后续写之心理描写)
When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday，___________
.
to have
for
the boy
couldn’t hide his eagerness
break up打碎；分裂，解体；结束；(关系等)破裂
break down垮掉；分解；出故障
break into破门而入
break in破门而入；打断；插话
break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发
突然离开；脱离；背叛；逃脱
6
break away
(from sb. /sth. )
用break短语的适当形式填空
(1)My dog suddenly me，charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.(读后续写之动作链描写)
(2)Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to our marriage.
(3)Finally I ，shedding tears with my face covered.(读后续写之心理描写)
(4)When I got home，I found my house and some money stolen.
(5)He was charging his mobile phone when the fire .
broke away from
break up
broke down
broken into
broke out
a sense of belonging归属感
注意：belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语时要使用doing形式。
属于；是……的成员；是……的组成部分[belong vi.应在(某处)；适应，合得来 belonging n.(U)归属；(pl.)所有物；财产]
7
belong to
(1)Having sold most of his (belong)，the poet almost had nothing left in the house.
belongings
(2)The pub (belong) to me is being decorated now.
(3)正是由于我慷慨善良的同学们我才有了归属感。
It is because of my generous and kind-hearted classmates _____________
.
belonging
that I feel a
sense of belonging
as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词，
通常不位于句首。作“也，还”解，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数
与as well as前面的主语保持一致(就远原则)。
用作介词时，as well as相当于besides，in addition to，意思为
“除……之外”，后面通常接名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时。
同(一样也)；和；还
8
as well as
(1)Your wife as well as you (be) friendly and generous，for which I am very grateful.
(2)As well as (eat) a five-course meal，they drank seven bottles of wine.
(3)我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。
(2020·天津，书面表达)
_______________________________________________________________
at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony.
is
eating
Our headteacher as well as five student representatives was invited to
deliver a speech
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
9
with的复合结构
with的复合结构在句中作状语和定语，主要包括：
with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作)
with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)
with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)
with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.
(1)Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，______________________
.(用with的复合结构改写)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，__________________
.(用独立主格结构改写)
with tears of shame and
embarrassment welling up in his eyes
tears of shame and
embarrassment welling up in his eyes
(2)随着时间的推移，我能够分辨善恶了。
，I can distinguish between good and evil.
(3)有如此多的工作要做，我焦虑不堪，难以入眠。
，I was so anxious that I had trouble sleeping.
(4)完成了所有的准备工作，他高兴地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)
，he jumped with joy，his eyes glittering with excitement.
With time going by
With so much work to do
With all the preparations made
if any(如果有的话)是一个省略句，相当于if (there is/are) any...。
if not如果不是这样的话
if so如果是这样的话
if ever如果曾有的话
if necessary如果有必要的话
if possible如果可能的话
So what is the difference between them，if any？如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？
10
if的省略结构
(1)如果有人要来的话，请让我知道有多少，我好做准备。
Please let me know how many people are coming， ，so that I can make preparations.
(2)如果是这样的话，就没有什么可遗憾的了。
，there is nothing to regret.
(3)如果可能的话，请提前告诉我你所需要的东西。
，please tell me what you need in advance.
if any
If so
If possible
(4)If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
→ ，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
If necessary
课文短语
肆
1 be confused by
2 solve this puzzle
3 add to
4 break away from
5 result in
6 the shortened name
7 be referred to as
8 belong to
9 share the same currency and military defence
10 different education systems and legal systems
Language points: Important words and phrases (P40)
对……感到困惑
解决这个疑问
增加
脱离；离开
导致；结果是
简化的名字
被称为；被当作
属于；归属
使用相同的货币和军事防御
不同的教育和法律体系
11 be surrounded by / with
12 take over
13 great achievements
14 date all the way back to
15 ancient relics
16 a mix of history and modern culture
Language points: Important words and phrases (P40 ~ P41)
被……所环绕
占领；接手
伟大的成就
追溯到；起源于
古文物
历史和现代文化的融合
Language points: Important phrases (P44)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
have a great influence on
have a long history of
excite and inspire all
a true feast for the eyes
rolling green hills
be dotted with
the roar of the ocean waves
the cries of the seabirds
对……有重要的影响
有久远的……历史
使所有人激动和受到启发
一场真正的视觉盛宴
起伏的绿色山丘
被……点缀着
海浪的咆哮声
海鸟的叫声
Language points: Important phrases (P44 ~ P45)
9 greet the new day with their morning song
10 it is not surprising that
11 a glass of wine
12 better yet
13 a friendly face
14 be more than likely to do sth
15 experience local culture and customs first-hand
16 a striking image
用清晨的歌声迎接新的一天
毫不意外……
一杯葡萄酒
更好的是
一个友好的人
非常可能做某事
亲身经历当地文化习俗
一个引人入目的形象
感谢观看