2023届高考英语二轮复习名词性从句课件(52张PPT)

(共52张PPT)
Grammar learning
Noun Clause
1.我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。
My dream is that I can enter a key university.
2.我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。
That I can enter a key university is my dream.
I have a dream that I can enter a key university.
3.我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学
4.我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。
I always dream that I can enter a key university.
What's your dream？
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句
(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于
名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、
表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为:
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句
辨别下列名词性从句的类别：
1.How the book will sell depends on its author.
2.John said that he was leaving for London on
Wednesday.
3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.
4.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.
5.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
宾语从句
主语从句
1.______ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.
A. That B. What C. Why D. If
2. I wonder ____ you will go shopping or stay at home.
A. that B. which C. whether D. what
3. This is _____ he was often late for school.
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
Practice:
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
二、名词性从句连接词的用法
连接词 可使用的名词性从句 是否充当从句的句子成份 可否省略 可否用其他词代替
that
whether
特殊疑问词 what/where/ when/which等
以上连接词的共同作用是: 主/宾/表语从句
主/宾/表语从句
主/宾/表语从句
否
否
是
否
否
动词后的宾语从句可以省略
否
否
动词后的宾语从句可用if代替
连接主句和从句 (连接作用)
三、名词性从句连接词的选用
（1）that 和what 的选用
他说的话伤害了我.
他说了谎, 这伤害了我.
1. That he told a lie hurt me.
2. What he said hurt me.
主句
主语从句
主句
主语从句
… hurt me.
What he said.
(what 代替said 后面接的 sth.)
… hurt me.
He told a lie.
说明: 连接词that的作用:
____________________
说明: 连接词what的作用:
____________________
只是连接, 不充当从句中的成分
不仅连接, 还充当从句中的宾语
（1）that 和what 的选用
that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。
但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名
词性从句中___________，可做从句的主
语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从
句中______________________________。
充当成分
不充当任何成分，只起连接作用
that / what
1.______ he wants is a book.
2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.
3.The result is ______ we won the game.
4.This is _____ we want to know.
5.We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is
saying.
What
That
that
what
what
if / whether
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
3. ________ we will hold a party in the open air
tomorrow depends on the weather.
4. The question is _________ he should do it.
5. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.
6. I don’t know _______ to go.
if / whether
Whether
whether
whether
whether
whether
（2）if 和whether 的选用
Summary 总结 (不能使用if 的情况)：
1. if只能用在动词后的宾语从句,不能用在介词后的宾语从句
2. if 不能用在放句首的主语从句中
3. if 不能用在表语从句中
4. whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.
5. whether to do 做动词宾语, 不能用if to do.
（3） 其它连接代词和副词的连用
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的
选择who、which、when、where、why、
how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，
又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。
我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。
________ we shall hold our sports meeting is
not decided.
我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。
I don’t know _________ broke the glass yesterday.
我不知道他长的什么样子。
I have no idea _________ he looks like.
这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。
This is _________ I left my glasses.
When
who
what
where
（4） 其它注意问题
1. That 的省略
宾语从句中一般可省略，但引导多个从句时只可以省略第一个;
主语从句和表语从句不能省
When you leave, make sure (that) the door is closed and that the lights are turned off
2. 宾语从句中的否定转移
在I/We think (believe, suppose, guess, expect)等后面的从句中，否定转移到主句。
I don’t think he is right, ________
Iis he
3. Reason 后的表语从句
The reason why he was so late was ________ he missed the bus. (because/that)
that
名词性从句在句中要用____语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于从句的______
1.No one can be sure ____ in a million years.
what will man look like
B. what man will look like
C. man will look like what
D. what look will man like
陈述
总结归纳：
2.You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
句首
考点1．语序问题
2. Our physics teacher once told us that light __________ （ travel ） faster than sound.
travels
总结归纳：
3)主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态
1. He said that he will go to the station.
.
3. Tom says that Mary ____ (go) abroad last year and
_________ (be) there for nearly 5 months.
1）主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态
2）主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等 ，从句谓语动词用一般现在时
went
has been
考点2． 时态问题
would
何时开会还没有决定。
When the meeting will begin _____ (have) not been decided yet .
他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。
单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_____形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_____形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_____形式。
总结归纳：
单数
复数
has
When they will start and where they will go______(have) been still unknown.
何时何地开会还没有决定。
When and where the meeting will begin _____ (have) not been decided yet .
have
has
单数
考点3 主谓一致问题
1. I think _____ worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.
2. _____ is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.
it
It
填写句子
总结归纳：
当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句______，而用____作为形式主语置于句首。______也可作形式宾语。
后置
it
it
考点4 it作形式主语和形式宾语
it作形式主语的四个主要句型
1)It + be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.) + that从句
It’s a pity that we can’t go .
2)It +be +形容词(obvious, true, natural, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+ that从句
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.
It is reported that China has sent another rescue group to Japan.
3)It + be+ 过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected.)+ that从句
4) It +不及物动词(seem, happen等) +that从句
It seemed that Alice is not coming to the party at all.
It happened that I was out that day.
it作形式主语的四个主要句型
We suggested that the meeting ___________
A.should put off B.be put off C. was put off D.putting off
总结归纳：
表示建议、要求、命令,坚持等动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist ．request、command、order后的从句谓语动词用
__________________________
注意suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示
“坚持认为”之意时，从句按需要来选择时态
(should) + do/be done
The smile on his face suggested that he ______(was/be/is)satisfied with our work.
was
考点5 宾语从句及表语从句中的虚拟语气
在一些表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词suggestion、advice、proposal、demand、requirement、 request、command、order后的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。
My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.
考点5 宾语从句及表语从句中的虚拟语气
what 表什么（无选择范围）
which表选择, 哪一个（有选择范围）
1. ---Do you know______Miss Zhu’s address is
---She may live at No. 3 or No. 4 of Xianxing road. I’m not sure of _________.
2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _______ it was
what
which
总结归纳：
No. 3 or No. 4
some book or other
which
考点6 连接词 a) what / which
考点6 连接词
总结归纳：
________等同类词既可以引导名词性从句，
也可以引导让步状语从句，
而 ____________等只能引导让步状语从句。
whatever
No matter what
____________ you go and __________you do, I’ll be right here waiting for you.
wherever
whatever
No matter where
no matter what
离开房间的任何人应该把灯关掉。
_________________________ought to turn off the light.
他所有的任何东西都被日本士兵占领了。
_________________was seized by the Japanese soldiers.
Whoever leaves the room last
Whatever he had
b) whatever /whoever/无论,不管…
however/whomever/whichever/ …
考点７　同位语从句与定语从句的区别
同位语从句前的名词是一个具有抽象意味的名词。从句就是其内容。that在从句中_______成分。而定语从句就是对前先行词进行修饰限定，关系词应代替先行词在从句中____句子成分。
1. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which C. that D. though
2. The suggestion ______he raised at the meeting is very good.
A. which B. that C. what D. /
3. The suggestion ____ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.
A. which B. that C. what D. /
总结：
不充当
充当
做题顺序：“二看”
一看_____是否完整；二看_____确定答案。
从句
句意
回顾名词性从句考点：
１. 语序问题
６. 连接词
that,what ,which , whether, if, who, whom,whose,
whatever ,whichever,whoever ,whomever,whosever
when, where, why, how …
５. it 作形式主语,形式宾语的用法
２. 时态问题
７ . 同位语从句与定语从句区别
４. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气
３. 主谓一致问题
重点
Grammar
语法精解(一)
1. 同位语the Appositive
同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。
同位语的表现形式有以下几种：
(1) 名词
Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy.
(2) 代词
I myself will do the experiment.
(3) 数词
She is the oldest among them six.
(4) 从句
He told me the news that the plane had exploded. 他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。
(5) 由such as, that is引导
Some subjects, such as maths and physics, are very difficult to learn. 某些学科,例如数学和物理,是很难学的。
(6) 由of引导
The city of Beijing has been greatly changed since 2000. 自从2000年以来, 北京市发生了很大的变化。
(7) 由or引导
The freezing temperature, or freezing point, is the temperature at which water freezes under ordinary pressure. 结冰温度即冰点,是水在常压下结冰时的温度。
2. 同位语从句the Appositive clause
(1) 同位语从句的定义
在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。　
语法精解(二)
　它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth , hope , problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question 等名词的后面, 对前面的名词作进一步的解释, 说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that, 连接副词how, when, where, whether, what等。
e.g. The hope that he may recover is not gone yet.
The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.
I have no idea when he will come back.
同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：
注意:
The story goes that William Tell killed
the king with an arrow.
Word came that their team had won.
⑵ 同位语从句的表现形式:
① 由that引导
The fact that you haven’t enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable.
The hope that he may come here is not gone yet.
② 由whether引导
The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.
③ 由when引导
I have no idea when they will go.
⑶ 有时可用 namely (即), that is to say (也就是说), in other words (换句话说), that is (那就是), for example 等引出同位语, 说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。
He told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all.
There is only one way of improving your English , that is , to practice more.
⑷ 同位语从句与定语从句的区别:
同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆,我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们:
① 同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词;
定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。
We express the hope that they will come to visit China again.
(同位语从句)
Those who want to go please sign their names here.
(定语从句)
② 同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；
定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
The news that they won the match is true.
(同位语从句, news和从句没有逻辑关系)
The news that you told us yesterday is true.
(定语从句, news是told的逻辑宾语)
③ 同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when, where, who, whether等引导;
定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。
Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed.
Do you know the place where he was born
④ 引导同位语从句的连词不可省略;
引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。
The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true.
The news (that) he told me is exciting.
1._____________________(她赢了这场比赛) made us very happy. 2. ________________(所需要的) is careful preparation. 3.__________________________(她是否来)doesn’t matter too much. 4.That he will succeed is certain.(用it句型改写) ______________________________________ 5.Why he did this is not known. (用it句型改写) ______________________________________
作业:用主语从句 完成句子.
名词性从句在写作中的实际运用:
写作中,得高分的方法之一: 改造低级句型,让你的英语靓起来
What he gave me was not only a Christmas present but also a heart full of love.
主语从句
原句:He gave me something. And it was a Christmas present and a heart full of love.
2个简单句
Thank you
Who is he
Liu Xiang
He was the w________ in the race in 2004 Olympic Games.
_________ makes us happy.
_______________________________________________________________ makes us happy.
inner
Liu Xiang
That Liu Xiang was the winner in the race in 2004 Olympic Games
Liu Xiang will visit Suzhou city next week.
__________________________________________ makes us excited.
This big news makes us excited.
The big news is ___________________________________________
Big news
that Liu Xiang will visit Suzhou city next week
That Liu Xiang will visit Suzhou city next week
Will Liu Xiang really visit Suzhou city next week
____________________________
____________________is unknown.
Sorry, I don’t know. Actually it is unknown. It is still a question.
I don’t know whether ___________________________________________
The question is ____________
___________________________
______________
Question
Liu Xiang will really visit Suzhou city next week .
whether Liu Xiang will really visit Suzhou city next week.
Whether Liu Xiang will really visit Suzhou city next week
That Liu Xiang will visit Suzhou city next week makes us excited.
The big news is that Liu Xiang will visit Suzhou city next week
作表语Predicative, 表语从句
作主语Subject, 主语从句
I don’t know whether Liu Xiang will really visit Suzhou city next week .
作宾语Object, 宾语从句
Functions of the red clauses 红色部分的从句在句子中的功能
名词性从句noun clauses在功能上相当于名词, 从句用陈述语序.