Unit 4 Earthquakes
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
(一)基础词汇全面练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Don't leave the lights on. It wastes ____________ (电)．
2．This is one of the worst natural ____________ (灾难) ever to hit the area.
3．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely ____________ (破坏)．
4．In order to catch the bear, some villagers set a ____________ (陷阱) and covered it with some leaves.
5．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours, the police sent out a ____________ (营救) team to look for them.
6．When water boils, it turns into ____________ (蒸汽)．
7．I think it is dangerous to be a ____________ (矿工)．
8．Will the clothing give protection against ____________ (极度的) cold
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．You can say that something is ____________ (shock) if you think that it is very bad.
2．Death finally brought an end to her ____________ (suffer)．
3．It's ____________ (use) trying to talk to her because she never listens.
4．We were warned not to talk to ____________ (report)．
5．He is ill. You should call in a doctor right ____________.
6．When food goes bad, it becomes____________ (smell)．
7．This coat is____________ (dirt), so I'll take it to the cleaner's.
8．They were ____________ (extreme) sad at the thought of their missing dog.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．We__________________ (感到震惊的是) so many people were injured or died in the earthquake.
2．They believed that the police would __________________ (来救他们)．
3．They __________________ (被困在) the burning building, eager to wait for rescue.
4．After the earthquake, his father __________________ (被挖掘出来), but was found dead.
5．We __________________ (从田地里穿过) to save time and we were in time for the bus.
(二)重点单词多维练
1．burst (单句语法填空/一句多译)
(1)He burst _________ the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.
(2)Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst _________.
(3)There was a burst _________ laughter in the next room.
(4)听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。
(4)—① Hearing this, the whole class ________________ and my deskmate's face turned red.
(4)—② Hearing this, the whole class ________________ and my deskmate's face turned red.
2．ruin (单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)A large number of buildings fell ________________ ruin after the earthquake.
(2)If you're addicted to computer games, you'll ruin ________________ (you).
(3)As is known to us, heavy smoking________________(毁坏我们的健康)．
(4)Ever since the earthquake, this temple ________________ (破败不堪)．
3．injure (单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)Because my left foot ________ (injure) in the football game, I cannot go with you as planned.
(2)The ________ (injure) were sent to hospital shortly after the accident.
(3)What the newspaper reported ________________________ (对……造成了极大的损害) her fame.
4．bury (单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)Ever since he moved there, he ________ (bury) himself in his research work.
→Ever since he moved there, he ________________ (bury) in his research work.
(2)________ (bury) in his books, he didn't know it was raining outside.
(3)She ___________________________ and wept when she heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
(三)易混短语比较练
1．at an end结束；终结
at the end of 在……尽头；在……末端by the end of 到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end 最后；终于
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)The meeting was nearly _________ an end when I got to the meeting room.
(2)By the end of last year, he _________(learn) two thousand English words.
(3)Go straight and you'll find the hospital _________ (在这条路的尽头)．
(4)He failed so many times that _________ (最后) he gave up the hope.
2．a (great) number of许多；大量的
(1)a number of只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。(2)the number of意为“……的数目”，后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
单句语法填空
(1)A number of people _________ (kill) in the earthquake. We don't know exactly the number of them.
(2)As you can see, the number of cars on the roads _________ (keep) rising these days.
(四)经典句式仿写练
1．(教材原句)It seemed as if the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
[仿写1] 看来，这件衬衫好像没有按照说明进行洗涤。
_______________________________ the shirt has not been washed following the instructions.
as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。
[仿写2] 一对年轻的夫妇坐在船里，一边吃东西一边大声地谈笑，好像他们是世上唯一的人。
A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly ______________________________________________________________.
2．(教材原句)Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.
成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。
[仿写1] 你说的话使我们陷入沉思。
What you said _______________________________.
leave＋宾语＋宾补
[仿写2] 她跑开了，留下她的男友独自在雨中等着。
She ran away and __________________________________.
3．(教材原句)All hope was not lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
[仿写1] 并不是所有人都能理解你说的话。
_______________________________ what you say.
→All people cannot understand what you say.
当not与all， both， everyone， everybody， everything以及“every＋名词”出现在同一个句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是之后都表示部分否定。
[仿写2] 据我所知，他们俩不都抽烟。
As far as I know, ___________smoke.
→As far as I know, ___________ don't smoke.
(五)课文缩写迁移练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Strange things happened 1.___________ Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. A 2.___________ (smell) gas came out of them. The water pipes cracked and burst. At 3：42 3.___________ the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 4.It seemed as if the world was at an end. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of 5.___________ (dirty). Soon the whole city lay in 6.___________(ruin). Many people died or were 7.___________ (injure). Everything in the city was destroyed. People were 8.___________ (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 9.___________ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 10.___________ (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly the city began to breathe again.
阅读理解
A
Having lived in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0. There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown in the website. So, my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other. All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the_famous_landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church. As the building started to shake, I quickly headed for the door to go outside. I remember I said a little prayer — something like, “Help me get out of here in time, Dear Heavenly Father.” Minutes later, I was safe outside.
1．The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about ________.
A．a new film about an earthquake
B．how to survive an earthquake
C．his three earthquake experiences
D．how to save children in an earthquake
2．The earthquakes the author has experienced ________.
A．all caused bodily harm
B．are all recorded in a website
C．all measured more than 6.0
D．all happened in California
3．When the first earthquake happened, the author ________.
A．was staying with his daughter
B．was planting fruit trees
C．held on to a tree for hours
D．was in a hotel
4．What does the underlined part “the famous landmark” refer to
A．A church.
B．Disneyland.
C．A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D．The place where the author was born.
B
Restaurant chefs (厨师) and home cooks often say that we eat with our senses. First, we use our sense of sight (视力) to enjoy how a meal is presented.Our sense of touch can be important when sharing food. Next, with our sense of smell, we breathe in the delicious smell rising up from the meal. Finally, we enjoy the food with our sense of taste.
But what about our sense of hearing Does sound have an influence on the amount of food we eat？A new study answers, “Yes, it does.” That answer comes from researchers at Brigham Young University and Colorado State University in the United States.They found that hearing is important in the eating experience.
During the experiment, people wore headphones and listened to the high volume (音量) noise and low volume noise. Then researchers gave them pretzels (椒盐卷饼)．People who listened to the higher volume noise ate more pretzels than those with the lower volume noise.
Ryan Elder is a professor at Brigham Young University's Marriott School of Management.He says that if people notice the sound the food makes as they eat, they may eat less. On the other hand, watching television or listening to rock music while eating can hide such noises. And this may cause you to eat more than you would normally.
When hiding the sound of eating, we take away the sense of hearing. The researchers admit that the influence may not seem like much at one meal. But over a week, a month, or a year, all that food can really add up.
So if you want to lose a few pounds, the next time you sit down for a meal, turn down the music.
5．The new study found that ________.
A．we all eat with our senses
B．people often forget the sense of hearing
C．sound influences our dining experience
D．our sense of hearing is the most important
6．In the study, people who listened to the lower volume noise ________.
A．ate fewer pretzels
B．made no eating sound
C．lost interest in any food
D．felt sick and refused to eat food
7．What can we learn from Ryan Elder
A．People should eat in a quiet way.
B．It's better to eat while watching TV.
C．Listening to rock music is not a good thing.
D．Loud music may lead to people eating more.
8．We can learn that the passage ________.
A．introduces the roles of our senses
B．tells us how to enjoy a delicious meal
C．advises us to avoid making sound while eating
D．tells us the sound of eating food can help lose weightUnit 4 Earthquakes
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
(一)基础词汇全面练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Don't leave the lights on. It wastes electricity (电)．
2．This is one of the worst natural disasters (灾难) ever to hit the area.
3．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (破坏)．
4．In order to catch the bear, some villagers set a trap (陷阱) and covered it with some leaves.
5．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours, the police sent out a rescue (营救) team to look for them.
6．When water boils, it turns into steam (蒸汽)．
7．I think it is dangerous to be a miner (矿工)．
8．Will the clothing give protection against extreme (极度的) cold
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．You can say that something is shocking (shock) if you think that it is very bad.
2．Death finally brought an end to her suffering (suffer)．
3．It's useless (use) trying to talk to her because she never listens.
4．We were warned not to talk to reporters (report)．
5．He is ill. You should call in a doctor right away.
6．When food goes bad, it becomes smelly (smell)．
7．This coat is dirty (dirt), so I'll take it to the cleaner's.
8．They were extremely (extreme) sad at the thought of their missing dog.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．We are_shocked_that (感到震惊的是) so many people were injured or died in the earthquake.
2．They believed that the police would come_to_their_rescue (来救他们)．
3．They were_trapped_in (被困在) the burning building, eager to wait for rescue.
4．After the earthquake, his father was_dug_out (被挖掘出来), but was found dead.
5．We cut_across_the_field (从田地里穿过) to save time and we were in time for the bus.
(二)重点单词多维练
1．burst (单句语法填空/一句多译)
(1)He burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.
(2)Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in.
(3)There was a burst of laughter in the next room.
(4)听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。
(4)—① Hearing this, the whole class burst_into_laughter and my deskmate's face turned red.
(4)—② Hearing this, the whole class burst_out_laughing and my deskmate's face turned red.
2．ruin (单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)A large number of buildings fell into ruin after the earthquake.
(2)If you're addicted to computer games, you'll ruin yourself (you).
(3)As is known to us, heavy smoking ruins_our_health (毁坏我们的健康)．
(4)Ever since the earthquake, this temple has_been_in_ruins (破败不堪)．
3．injure (单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)Because my left foot was_injured (injure) in the football game, I cannot go with you as planned.
(2)The injured (injure) were sent to hospital shortly after the accident.
(3)What the newspaper reported did_a_great_injury_to (对……造成了极大的损害) her fame.
4．bury (单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)Ever since he moved there, he has_buried (bury) himself in his research work.
→Ever since he moved there, he has_been_buried (bury) in his research work.
(2)Buried (bury) in his books, he didn't know it was raining outside.
(3)She buried_her_face_in_hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
(三)易混短语比较练
1．at an end结束；终结
at the end of 在……尽头；在……末端by the end of 到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end 最后；终于
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.
(2)By the end of last year, he had_learned (learn) two thousand English words.
(3)Go straight and you'll find the hospital at_the_end_of_the_road (在这条路的尽头)．
(4)He failed so many times that in_the_end (最后) he gave up the hope.
2．a (great) number of许多；大量的
(1)a number of只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。(2)the number of意为“……的数目”，后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
单句语法填空
(1)A number of people were_killed (kill) in the earthquake. We don't know exactly the number of them.
(2)As you can see, the number of cars on the roads keeps (keep) rising these days.
(四)经典句式仿写练
1．(教材原句)It seemed as if the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
[仿写1] 看来，这件衬衫好像没有按照说明进行洗涤。
It_seems/looks_as_if the shirt has not been washed following the instructions.
as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。
[仿写2] 一对年轻的夫妇坐在船里，一边吃东西一边大声地谈笑，好像他们是世上唯一的人。
A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as_if_they_were_the_only_people_in_the_world.
2．(教材原句)Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.
成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。
[仿写1] 你说的话使我们陷入沉思。
What you said left_us_lost_in_thought.
leave＋宾语＋宾补
[仿写2] 她跑开了，留下她的男友独自在雨中等着。
She ran away and left_her_boyfriend_waiting_in_the_rain_alone.
3．(教材原句)All hope was not lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
[仿写1] 并不是所有人都能理解你说的话。
Not_all_people_can_understand what you say.
→All people cannot understand what you say.
当not与all， both， everyone， everybody， everything以及“every＋名词”出现在同一个句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是之后都表示部分否定。
[仿写2] 据我所知，他们俩不都抽烟。
As far as I know, not_both_of_them smoke.
→As far as I know, both_of_them don't smoke.
(五)课文缩写迁移练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Strange things happened 1.before Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. A 2.smelly (smell) gas came out of them. The water pipes cracked and burst. At 3：42 3.on the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 4.It seemed as if the world was at an end. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of 5.dirt (dirty). Soon the whole city lay in 6.ruins (ruin). Many people died or were 7.injured (injure). Everything in the city was destroyed. People were 8.shocked (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 9.who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 10.survivors (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly the city began to breathe again.
阅读理解
A
Having lived in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0. There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown in the website. So, my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other. All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the_famous_landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church. As the building started to shake, I quickly headed for the door to go outside. I remember I said a little prayer — something like, “Help me get out of here in time, Dear Heavenly Father.” Minutes later, I was safe outside.
1．The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about ________.
A．a new film about an earthquake
B．how to survive an earthquake
C．his three earthquake experiences
D．how to save children in an earthquake
解析：选C 写作意图题。作者主要是向读者介绍了自己经历的三次地震。
2．The earthquakes the author has experienced ________.
A．all caused bodily harm
B．are all recorded in a website
C．all measured more than 6.0
D．all happened in California
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The first one was in 1955 ... in California.”和第四段第二句以及第五段的“My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.”可知答案。
3．When the first earthquake happened, the author ________.
A．was staying with his daughter
B．was planting fruit trees
C．held on to a tree for hours
D．was in a hotel
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes”可知作者和他的女儿共同经历了这场地震。
4．What does the underlined part “the famous landmark” refer to
A．A church.
B．Disneyland.
C．A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D．The place where the author was born.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Our entire family was visiting Disneyland”可知答案。
B
Restaurant chefs (厨师) and home cooks often say that we eat with our senses. First, we use our sense of sight (视力) to enjoy how a meal is presented.Our sense of touch can be important when sharing food. Next, with our sense of smell, we breathe in the delicious smell rising up from the meal. Finally, we enjoy the food with our sense of taste.
But what about our sense of hearing Does sound have an influence on the amount of food we eat？A new study answers, “Yes, it does.” That answer comes from researchers at Brigham Young University and Colorado State University in the United States.They found that hearing is important in the eating experience.
During the experiment, people wore headphones and listened to the high volume (音量) noise and low volume noise. Then researchers gave them pretzels (椒盐卷饼)．People who listened to the higher volume noise ate more pretzels than those with the lower volume noise.
Ryan Elder is a professor at Brigham Young University's Marriott School of Management.He says that if people notice the sound the food makes as they eat, they may eat less. On the other hand, watching television or listening to rock music while eating can hide such noises. And this may cause you to eat more than you would normally.
When hiding the sound of eating, we take away the sense of hearing. The researchers admit that the influence may not seem like much at one meal. But over a week, a month, or a year, all that food can really add up.
So if you want to lose a few pounds, the next time you sit down for a meal, turn down the music.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。研究显示，如果人们能够听到咀嚼食物的声音，其进食量很可能会减少。
5．The new study found that ________.
A．we all eat with our senses
B．people often forget the sense of hearing
C．sound influences our dining experience
D．our sense of hearing is the most important
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Does sound have ...‘Yes, it does.’”和“They found that hearing is important in the eating experience.”可知，研究发现，声音也会影响人们的进食。
6．In the study, people who listened to the lower volume noise ________.
A．ate fewer pretzels
B．made no eating sound
C．lost interest in any food
D．felt sick and refused to eat food
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段的“People who listened to the higher volume noise ate more pretzels than those with the lower volume noise.”可知，听到音量小的噪音的人吃的椒盐卷饼要少。
7．What can we learn from Ryan Elder
A．People should eat in a quiet way.
B．It's better to eat while watching TV.
C．Listening to rock music is not a good thing.
D．Loud music may lead to people eating more.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第四段的“On the other hand, watching television or listening to rock music while eating can hide such noises. And this may cause you to eat more than you would normally.”可知，电视和摇滚音乐可以掩盖人们吃东西的声音，这会导致人们吃的比平时多。
8．We can learn that the passage ________.
A．introduces the roles of our senses
B．tells us how to enjoy a delicious meal
C．advises us to avoid making sound while eating
D．tells us the sound of eating food can help lose weight
解析：选D 主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知，文章通过实验向人们展示，聆听进食时的咀嚼声有助于减肥。
