周末大自习·话题集训 第六周 演练话题——生态环保
卷(一) 话题阅读提速练(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Climate (气候) change may make parts of the Middle East too hot for human beings, according to a new study. Researchers have studied weather conditions in the Middle East since 1970. The researchers say “very hot” days in the area have doubled over that period.
Right now, over 500 million people live there. In the future, the climate in large parts of the Middle East and North Africa could change because temperatures could get so high, and those living in the area could be at risk. Researchers say temperatures in summer in the Middle East and North Africa will continue rising.
The researchers believe that by 2050, temperatures will not fall below 30℃ at night in the hottest part of the summer. During this period, day time temperatures could rise to 46℃.
Extreme heat could continue past the 21st century. Researchers think temperatures in the middle of the day could reach as high as 50℃.
If mankind continues to send out carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) as it does now, people living in the Middle East and North Africa will have to expect about 200 unusual hot days.
The researchers created two models. In one model, rising temperatures are limited (限制) because of reductions (减少) in greenhouse gases. The other model is said to be a “business as usual” model where nothing is done to stop climate change.
Under both models, the future of the Middle East is not good, the researchers say. They also say sooner or later, many people may have to leave this area.
1．What has happened in the Middle East since 1970
A．Over 500 million have left the area.
B．People have suffered more hot days.
C．Living conditions have turned better.
D．The weather conditions have improved.
2．In the middle of the 21st century, day time temperatures there might rise to ________.
A．30℃ B．39℃
C．46℃ D．50℃
3．What would the second model do to deal with climate change
A．Leave it alone.
B．Protect people from heat.
C．Reduce greenhouse gases.
D．Help people leave the area.
4．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．Temperatures will continue rising.
B．People living in the Middle East are at risk.
C．Scientists find ways to reduce carbon dioxide.
D．Climate change could make parts of the Middle East terrible.
B
Pollution trapped inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each year. Most of these deaths are in the developing world, mainly in Africa. One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun.
Crosby Menzies is a solar power (太阳能) expert with SunFire Solutions, a South African company. He described his latest solar cooker called the “Sol 4”， “It is four square meters of mirrors, six to eight meters in length. It is quite a large cooker. We are very pleased to have built the first one in South Africa.”
Solar cookers work by reflecting (反射) light from the sun off large mirrors. The mirrors direct the light at a cooking pan. Then the light heats the pan with solar energy. Crosby Menzies said the solar cooker can boil water in just four minutes. That is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity. He said the cooker is also much “friendlier” than other models because people do not have to stand in the sun to use it.
Menzies said，“SunFire only sold hundreds of the solar cookers in South Africa because a lot of people still do not know that it works, and we are working as hard as we can to change that.”
People can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal. They would be less likely to develop breathing illness from harmful smoke.
At present, the cooker only works when the sun is shining. But engineers are working on a way to make it work without sunlight.
Each cooker costs about $2,000, which is a large amount of money for most Africans.
5．What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．Most Africans die of pollution from kitchens.
B．People use solar cookers in developed countries.
C．The solar cooker is the healthiest cooking equipment.
D．It's necessary for Africans to use green power to cook.
6．What can we learn about the solar cooker
A．It sells very well.
B．It is difficult to use.
C．It can't be moved easily.
D．It can only be used to boil water.
7．What is the disadvantage of using the solar cooker
A．It is slow to cook.
B．It costs much to cook.
C．It can only be used in Africa.
D．It can't work without sunlight
8．What can we conclude from the text
A．People can't afford the solar cooker.
B．Africans are unwilling to accept new technologies.
C．It has a long way to make the solar cooker popular.
D．Deaths caused by pollution will be greatly reduced.
Ⅱ.完形填空
The amount of usable water (可用水) has always been of great interest in the world. __9__ springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the __10__ areas like the desert. The control is possible even without possession of large areas of __11__ land. In the early days of the American West, gun fights were not __12__ for the water resources (资源), and laws had to be __13__ to protect the water rights of the __14__ and the use of the water resources accordingly.
__15__ is known to us all, there is not __16__ water in some places for everyone to use as much as he likes. Deciding on the __17__ of water that will be used in any particular period __18__ careful planning, so that people can manage and use water more __19__. Farmers have to change their use of water or demand for water __20__ the water supply forecast (预报)．
The __21__ water supply forecast is based more on the water from the __22__ than from the below. Interest is __23__ in the ways to increase rainfall by man made methods, and to get water from the winter snow on mountain __24__. With special equipment, some scientists are studying the ways in which the mountain snow can be __25__， and with the help of a reporter station, they send the __26__ data (数据) to the base station. The operator at the base station can get the data at any time by __27__ a button. In the near future, the forecast and use of water __28__ probably depend on the advanced knowledge of snow on mountains, not of water underground.
9．A.Using B．Holding
C．Owning D．Finding
10．A.dry B．distant
C．deserted D．wild
11．A.fine B．beautiful
C．rich D．farming
12．A.unlawful B．unacceptable
C．unpopular D．uncommon
13．A.made B．designed
C．signed D．written
14．A.winners B．settlers
C．fighters D．supporters
15．A.That B．It
C．What D．As
16．A.plentiful B．enough
C．any D．much
17．A.type B．quality
C．amount D．level
18．A.requests B．requires
C．means D．suggests
19．A.effectively B．easily
C．conveniently D．actively
20．A.leading to B．due to
C．owing to D．according to
21．A.correct B．further
C．average D．early
22．A.clouds B．sky
C．air D．above
23．A.raising B．rising
C．building D．lasting
24．A.rocks B．tips
C．tops D．trees
25．A.taken care of B．made use of
C．piled up D．saved up
26．A.picked B．produced
C．used D．gathered
27．A.touching B．knocking
C．pressing D．turning
28．A.might B．can
C．will D．should
卷(二) 短板题型强化练(限时45分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A
Tips on Buying Outdoor Solar Lights
As solar lighting is becoming useful for homes, many different such outdoor lights can now be found in supermarkets. Here are some helpful tips for customers.
Does your area receive enough direct lighting
__1__ So you shouldn't even give it a thought if you live in an area that doesn't get much sunlight. These lights need direct sunlight, or they just won't work very well.
__2__ The expensive one usually means good quality. Choosing the cheapest ones will result in many problems. For once, it's best to buy more expensive lights of high quality. __3__ At least you should know the difference between a D|S10 light and a $45 light.
Buy lights that require less installation (安装)．
Most solar lights are simply driven into the ground. Therefore, you shouldn't deal with the difficulty in installing a system that involves anything more than that. __4__ You don't need to buy lights that require half an hour each to plant into the ground because that's just a waste of time.
Make sure the lights can store enough energy.
Different solar lights can store different amounts of energy. __5__ Therefore, you should choose lights that are able to store enough energy to last for a few hours or more, at least those that will last from nightfall throughout most of the night and part of the morning.
A．Without sunlight, solar lighting is useless.
B．Buy many solar lights instead of just one or two.
C．It means some will stay lit longer than the others.
D．Choose something a bit more expensive for once.
E．Solar lights are becoming more and more popular.
F．That doesn't mean you have to spend all your money.
G．They should take a few minutes each to get into the ground.
B
By 2025, water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people. In a world where water resource is increasingly short, nations cannot afford to waste it.__6__ After we use water in our homes and businesses, it is washed away, and takes many valuable resources with it.
Waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients.__7__ A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants.They can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy, and produce “new water” that can be reused.But more than 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems, polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it.
__8__ This is still better than the situation in smaller cities.In Latin American countries, those living in small and medium sized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks (化粪池) that lack regular and proper maintenance.
Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land: on the surface it is pleasingly built and provides habitats for local wildlife. Beneath the surface is a wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.The energy produced saves families from having to use firewood collected in the wild.This is not a dream project.__9__ A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of constructed wetland environments.Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 20 countries, they found that, depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland, up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water.__10__
A．But that is exactly what we do.
B．This can provide easy access to clean water.
C．There is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water.
D．A constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small scale.
E．This would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping.
F．If collected and treated properly, it could provide “new water”， fertilizer, and energy.
G．Although waste water systems in large cities are effective, the whole procedure usually costs much.
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Can you slow global warming Sure! You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) that __1__ (send) out into the air. Here are some pieces of advice __2__ (help) you save the earth.
Wear used clothes. Wearing your brother's, sister's or parents' old clothes __3__ (mean) that you save energy.
Use energy saving light bulbs. By __4__ way, remember to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use!
Ride a bus. By taking a bus, you can save a lot of gas every year.
Say no __5__ plastic bags. Next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use baskets.
Open a window. Don't use an air conditioner (空调) __6__ (frequent), and let some fresh air in.__7__ you have to use an air conditioner, set the temperature higher in summer and lower in winter to save energy.
Make small __8__ (change) in your daily life. For example, use __9__ (few) paper cups, paper bags or paper boxes than ever before.
It's time for all of __10__ (we) to do something to save the earth. Remember the small things we do can make a big difference to our planet.
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday I was gone home by the bus and my father was going to pick me up at the station. On the bus, I see a young woman with several bags of heavier books get on. I wanted to offer her my seat, and I didn't. In my surprise, she and I got off at the same stations later. After a short conversation, I learned she had to walk a long way home. So I offered give her a ride and she accepted. When thinking of this experience, I was sad that she didn't do the right thing the first time on the bus. But I was very happy to have a second chance to doing it.周末大自习·话题集训 第六周 演练话题——生态环保
卷(一) 话题阅读提速练(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Climate (气候) change may make parts of the Middle East too hot for human beings, according to a new study. Researchers have studied weather conditions in the Middle East since 1970. The researchers say “very hot” days in the area have doubled over that period.
Right now, over 500 million people live there. In the future, the climate in large parts of the Middle East and North Africa could change because temperatures could get so high, and those living in the area could be at risk. Researchers say temperatures in summer in the Middle East and North Africa will continue rising.
The researchers believe that by 2050, temperatures will not fall below 30℃ at night in the hottest part of the summer. During this period, day time temperatures could rise to 46℃.
Extreme heat could continue past the 21st century. Researchers think temperatures in the middle of the day could reach as high as 50℃.
If mankind continues to send out carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) as it does now, people living in the Middle East and North Africa will have to expect about 200 unusual hot days.
The researchers created two models. In one model, rising temperatures are limited (限制) because of reductions (减少) in greenhouse gases. The other model is said to be a “business as usual” model where nothing is done to stop climate change.
Under both models, the future of the Middle East is not good, the researchers say. They also say sooner or later, many people may have to leave this area.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明，部分中东地区的气温正变得越来越热，成为不适合人类居住的地方。
1．What has happened in the Middle East since 1970
A．Over 500 million have left the area.
B．People have suffered more hot days.
C．Living conditions have turned better.
D．The weather conditions have improved.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The researchers say ‘very hot’ days in the area have doubled over that period.”可知，自1970年以来，该地区极度炎热的天数翻了一番。
2．In the middle of the 21st century, day time temperatures there might rise to ________.
A．30℃ B．39℃
C．46℃ D．50℃
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The researchers believe that by 2050 ...day time temperatures could rise to 46℃.”可知，到这时，这里白天的最高气温可能达到46摄氏度。
3．What would the second model do to deal with climate change
A．Leave it alone.
B．Protect people from heat.
C．Reduce greenhouse gases.
D．Help people leave the area.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“The others model is said to be a ‘business as usual’ model where nothing is done to stop climate change.”可知，第二种模式是对气候变化放任不管。
4．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．Temperatures will continue rising.
B．People living in the Middle East are at risk.
C．Scientists find ways to reduce carbon dioxide.
D．Climate change could make parts of the Middle East terrible.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Climate (气候) change may make parts of the Middle East too hot for human beings ...”可知，文章主要介绍了气候变化会使得中东部分地区热得难以忍受。
B
Pollution trapped inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each year. Most of these deaths are in the developing world, mainly in Africa. One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun.
Crosby Menzies is a solar power (太阳能) expert with SunFire Solutions, a South African company. He described his latest solar cooker called the “Sol 4”， “It is four square meters of mirrors, six to eight meters in length. It is quite a large cooker. We are very pleased to have built the first one in South Africa.”
Solar cookers work by reflecting (反射) light from the sun off large mirrors. The mirrors direct the light at a cooking pan. Then the light heats the pan with solar energy. Crosby Menzies said the solar cooker can boil water in just four minutes. That is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity. He said the cooker is also much “friendlier” than other models because people do not have to stand in the sun to use it.
Menzies said，“SunFire only sold hundreds of the solar cookers in South Africa because a lot of people still do not know that it works, and we are working as hard as we can to change that.”
People can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal. They would be less likely to develop breathing illness from harmful smoke.
At present, the cooker only works when the sun is shining. But engineers are working on a way to make it work without sunlight.
Each cooker costs about $2,000, which is a large amount of money for most Africans.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。南非一家公司推出了一款太阳能灶，能有效减少因家庭污染导致的死亡。
5．What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．Most Africans die of pollution from kitchens.
B．People use solar cookers in developed countries.
C．The solar cooker is the healthiest cooking equipment.
D．It's necessary for Africans to use green power to cook.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据该段的“Most of these deaths are in the developing world, mainly in Africa. One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun.”可知，在非洲使用绿色能源做饭是很有必要的。
6．What can we learn about the solar cooker
A．It sells very well.
B．It is difficult to use.
C．It can't be moved easily.
D．It can only be used to boil water.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段对太阳能灶的描述“It is four square meters of mirrors, six to eight meters in length. It is quite a large cooker.”可知，太阳能灶很大，很难移动。
7．What is the disadvantage of using the solar cooker
A．It is slow to cook.
B．It costs much to cook.
C．It can only be used in Africa.
D．It can't work without sunlight
解析：选D 细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段的内容可知，太阳能灶在没有太阳的时候不能使用。
8．What can we conclude from the text
A．People can't afford the solar cooker.
B．Africans are unwilling to accept new technologies.
C．It has a long way to make the solar cooker popular.
D．Deaths caused by pollution will be greatly reduced.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第四段的“... a lot of people still do not know that it works”，第六段的“... the cooker only works when the sun is shining”和最后一段的“costs about $2,000”可知，普及太阳能灶还有很远的路要走。
Ⅱ.完形填空
The amount of usable water (可用水) has always been of great interest in the world. __9__ springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the __10__ areas like the desert. The control is possible even without possession of large areas of __11__ land. In the early days of the American West, gun fights were not __12__ for the water resources (资源), and laws had to be __13__ to protect the water rights of the __14__ and the use of the water resources accordingly.
__15__ is known to us all, there is not __16__ water in some places for everyone to use as much as he likes. Deciding on the __17__ of water that will be used in any particular period __18__ careful planning, so that people can manage and use water more __19__. Farmers have to change their use of water or demand for water __20__ the water supply forecast (预报)．
The __21__ water supply forecast is based more on the water from the __22__ than from the below. Interest is __23__ in the ways to increase rainfall by man made methods, and to get water from the winter snow on mountain __24__. With special equipment, some scientists are studying the ways in which the mountain snow can be __25__， and with the help of a reporter station, they send the __26__ data (数据) to the base station. The operator at the base station can get the data at any time by __27__ a button. In the near future, the forecast and use of water __28__ probably depend on the advanced knowledge of snow on mountains, not of water underground.
9．A.Using B．Holding
C．Owning D．Finding
解析：选C 文章第一句便点题，人们对全世界可用水的总量一直都很感兴趣。故引起下文“拥有泉水或溪流有时意味着控制”。use“使用”；hold“抓住”，一般用于掌握权力；担任职务；find“发现”。故选C。
10．A.dry B．distant
C．deserted D．wild
解析：选A 因为下文提到“like the desert”，所以此处为干旱地(dry areas)。deserted“荒芜的”。荒芜、废弃的地方不一定缺水。故选A。
11．A.fine B．beautiful
C．rich D．farming
解析：选C rich land“富饶肥沃的土地”。本句暗示出“人们控制水要比占有富饶肥沃的土地还重要”。故选C。
12．A.unlawful B．unacceptable
C．unpopular D．uncommon
解析：选D uncommon“不寻常的”，本句中“not uncommon”即为common，说明为争水而引起争斗是常事，可见水是重要的。故选D。
13．A.made B．designed
C．signed D．written
解析：选A make laws to do“制订法律做……”。根据第一段最后一句可知，法律被制定来保护人们用水的权利。故选A。
14．A.winners B．settlers
C．fighters D．supporters
解析：选B settlers“外来殖民者”。故选B。
15．A.That B．It
C．What D．As
解析：选D 根据第二段第一句可知正如我们所知道的，在有些地方并没有足够的水给人们使用。as引导非限制性定语从句，故选D。
16．A.plentiful B．enough
C．any D．much
解析：选B 由上文可知水并不是像人们想的那样用之不尽，取之不竭的，因此“there is not enough water ...”。
17．A.type B．quality
C．amount D．level
解析：选C 根据第二段第二句可知在特定时候人们要小心规划对水的使用。很明显是在说水的数量。the amount of ...“……的数量/总量”。故选C。
18．A.requests B．requires
C．means D．suggests
解析：选B 根据上下文可知用水需要有计划地节约使用。require“需要”。
19．A.effectively B．easily
C．conveniently D．actively
解析：选A 人们小心地规划对水的使用，以至能够更有效地管理水和使用水。故选A。
20．A.leading to B．due to
C．owing to D．according to
解析：选D 根据第二段最后一句可知，人们必须根据水的供给预报，改变他们对水的使用。故选D。
21．A.correct B．further
C．average D．early
解析：选A “correct water supply forecast”中的correct意为“正确的；准确的”。故选A。
22．A.clouds B．sky
C．air D．above
解析：选D 该空与下文的“below”相对使用，故选D。
23．A.raising B．rising
C．building D．lasting
解析：选B C、D项词义不符，排除，raise为及物动词，后接宾语，rise为不及物动词，意为“增加”。故选B。
24．A.rocks B．tips
C．tops D．trees
解析：选C mountain tops“山顶上”。rock“岩石”；tip“尖端”；tree“树”，均不合题意。故选C。
25．A.taken care of B．made use of
C．piled up D．saved up
解析：选B make use of为固定词组，意为“使用，利用”。故选B。
26．A.picked B．produced
C．used D．gathered
解析：选D gathered“收集到的”，过去分词作定语。故选D。
27．A.touching B．knocking
C．pressing D．turning
解析：选C press a button“按开关”，习惯搭配。touch“接触”，词义不符，turn“转动”，与button搭配错误，knock为不及物动词，不接宾语。故选C。
28．A.might B．can
C．will D．should
解析：选C 由“In the near future”可知下文用将来时态。用情态动词will更含有一种趋势，可能性更大。故选C。
卷(二) 短板题型强化练(限时45分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A
Tips on Buying Outdoor Solar Lights
As solar lighting is becoming useful for homes, many different such outdoor lights can now be found in supermarkets. Here are some helpful tips for customers.
Does your area receive enough direct lighting
__1__ So you shouldn't even give it a thought if you live in an area that doesn't get much sunlight. These lights need direct sunlight, or they just won't work very well.
__2__ The expensive one usually means good quality. Choosing the cheapest ones will result in many problems. For once, it's best to buy more expensive lights of high quality. __3__ At least you should know the difference between a D|S10 light and a $45 light.
Buy lights that require less installation (安装)．
Most solar lights are simply driven into the ground. Therefore, you shouldn't deal with the difficulty in installing a system that involves anything more than that. __4__ You don't need to buy lights that require half an hour each to plant into the ground because that's just a waste of time.
Make sure the lights can store enough energy.
Different solar lights can store different amounts of energy. __5__ Therefore, you should choose lights that are able to store enough energy to last for a few hours or more, at least those that will last from nightfall throughout most of the night and part of the morning.
A．Without sunlight, solar lighting is useless.
B．Buy many solar lights instead of just one or two.
C．It means some will stay lit longer than the others.
D．Choose something a bit more expensive for once.
E．Solar lights are becoming more and more popular.
F．That doesn't mean you have to spend all your money.
G．They should take a few minutes each to get into the ground.
1．选A 下文中提到如果你的居住地没有充足的阳光，就不要考虑这些灯了。设空处是本段的主题句，提出没有阳光，太阳能灯就没有用处。故选A项。
2．选D 下文中提到价高意味着高质量，购买便宜的可能会有很多问题。因此，此处应该是建议购买贵一点的灯。故选D项。
3．选F 下文提到你至少应该知道10美元的灯和45美元的灯之间的差异，这就是告诉你花钱要花得值得。F项是对买贵一点的灯的进一步解释。故选F项。
4．选G 本段主题是购买的灯不需要费力地安装。设空处后提到了安装时间，G项与语境相符。故选G项。
5．选C 上文提到不同的灯储存电能的量不一样，那么有的灯的储存能力就比其他的要好；因此要挑选那些能够储存更多电能而且能持续时间长的灯。故选C项。
B
By 2025, water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people. In a world where water resource is increasingly short, nations cannot afford to waste it.__6__ After we use water in our homes and businesses, it is washed away, and takes many valuable resources with it.
Waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients.__7__ A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants.They can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy, and produce “new water” that can be reused.But more than 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems, polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it.
__8__ This is still better than the situation in smaller cities.In Latin American countries, those living in small and medium sized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks (化粪池) that lack regular and proper maintenance.
Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land: on the surface it is pleasingly built and provides habitats for local wildlife. Beneath the surface is a wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.The energy produced saves families from having to use firewood collected in the wild.This is not a dream project.__9__ A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of constructed wetland environments.Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 20 countries, they found that, depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland, up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water.__10__
A．But that is exactly what we do.
B．This can provide easy access to clean water.
C．There is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water.
D．A constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small scale.
E．This would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping.
F．If collected and treated properly, it could provide “new water”， fertilizer, and energy.
G．Although waste water systems in large cities are effective, the whole procedure usually costs much.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当前世界水资源的现状以及有效利用水资源的方法。
6．选A 上文说在水资源短缺的大环境下，很多国家不能承担浪费(的后果)，下文说我们用完水后，就直接把水冲走。根据上下文可知，A项“但是那正是我们所做的”与此处匹配，起承上启下作用，故选A。
7．选F 上文说废水富含碳元素和养分，而F项说如果收集和处理得当，它就能提供“新的水”、肥料和能量，前后形成语义上的衔接，故选F。
8．选G 下文讲述的是拉丁美洲的中小城市的废水处理系统缺乏常规和合适的维护，而G项提到大城市的废水处理系统有效但成本高，与本段内容吻合，故选G。
9．选D 上文提到在这些小城市建造湿地环境的设想，下文提到已经有科学家在研究建造的湿地环境的潜力了，由此可知，D项“建造的湿地环境已经在小范围的实践中了”符合语境。
10．选E 上文讲述的是这种解决方案的另一种好处是人们可以用废水灌溉农田，而E项说这可以减少用淡水灌溉的需求及抽水所需的能量，前后语义衔接，故选E。
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Can you slow global warming Sure! You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) that __1__ (send) out into the air. Here are some pieces of advice __2__ (help) you save the earth.
Wear used clothes. Wearing your brother's, sister's or parents' old clothes __3__ (mean) that you save energy.
Use energy saving light bulbs. By __4__ way, remember to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use!
Ride a bus. By taking a bus, you can save a lot of gas every year.
Say no __5__ plastic bags. Next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use baskets.
Open a window. Don't use an air conditioner (空调) __6__ (frequent), and let some fresh air in.__7__ you have to use an air conditioner, set the temperature higher in summer and lower in winter to save energy.
Make small __8__ (change) in your daily life. For example, use __9__ (few) paper cups, paper bags or paper boxes than ever before.
It's time for all of __10__ (we) to do something to save the earth. Remember the small things we do can make a big difference to our planet.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。全球气候变暖是我们面临的重要问题，我们应该行动起来，为保护我们的共同家园做出贡献。
1．is sent 先行词carbon dioxide是定语从句中谓语动词send所表示动作逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态。主语为物质名词，不可数，故谓语动词用单数。用一般现在时表示反复进行的动作。
2．to help 分析句子结构可知，这里应用动词不定式。
3．means Wearing your brother's, sister's or parents' old clothes是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数；且这里说的是一般性道理，故用一般现在时。
4．the by the way为固定短语，意为“顺便说一下”。
5．to say no to ...是固定搭配，意为“对……说不”。
6．frequently 修饰动词use用frequent的副词形式。
7．When/If 分析前后两句间的逻辑关系可知，填when或if，分别引导时间状语从句或条件状语从句。
8．changes 这里说的是生活中的各种变化，故用change的复数形式。
9．fewer 根据后面的than ever before可知，填few的比较级形式fewer。
10．us 根据前面的all of可知，填we的宾格形式us。
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday I was gone home by the bus and my father was going to pick me up at the station. On the bus, I see a young woman with several bags of heavier books get on. I wanted to offer her my seat, and I didn't. In my surprise, she and I got off at the same stations later. After a short conversation, I learned she had to walk a long way home. So I offered give her a ride and she accepted. When thinking of this experience, I was sad that she didn't do the right thing the first time on the bus. But I was very happy to have a second chance to doing it.
答案：第一句：gone→going; 去掉第一个the
第二句：see→saw; heavier→heavy
第三句：and→but
第四句：In→To; stations→station
第六句：offered后加to
第七句：she→I
第八句：doing→do
