2023届高三英语二轮复习主谓一致课件-(34张ppt)

(共34张PPT)
主谓一致
Agreement
What do you think of his way of dressing
1，语法一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数 由主语的单复数决定
2，意义一致原则，即主谓的一致不是主 语的语法形式来决定，而是由主语表达 的意义决定
3，就近原则，即谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的主语
主谓一致
概念：
主谓一致指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系
三原则：
e.g.
1, Many boy students are on the playground, playing football.
2, Natural gas is a gas which is easy to burn.
一：语法一致原则
一般来说，可数名词的复数用动词_______，不可数名词用动词_______
复数
单数
＊不定式（短语），动名词（短语）或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数．
e.g.
1,Tom’s family is a big one and his family are workers.
2, The population in India is increasing rapidly.
3,The population in that country are mostly farmers.
二：意义一致原则
1.The number of citizens who (have/ has) been questioned on this matter( is/ are) small.
2.The use of the credit cards in place of cash (has/have) increased in recent years.
3.One hundred divided by five (equal/equals) twenty.
4.What my father left me (is/ are) a few English books.
5.The New York Times (is/are) published daily.
have
is
has
equals
are
is
一般有not only…but also, neither…nor,____________, not…but 等句型及由here, there引导的句子.
e.g.
三：就近原则
either…or
2, Not only he but also all of us are looking forward to going abroad.
1, Either you or I am mad.
3,There is a desk and four chairs in the office.
4, Here comes the teacher and his 3 students.
一般有with, ______with, _______with, as well as, except, but,_______,
in addition to ,rather than 等
e.g.
1, Nobody but/except Mr. Smith was invited to the party.
2, The boss, rather than his employees is to blame.
就远原则
along
together
besides
四；重点与难点
1) 由两部分构成的物体名词，如trousers, earrings, jeans, glasses, scissors, pants等作主语时，谓语用复数形式，但如由a/the pair of 修饰，动词则用单数
e.g.
1, Look, Jack, your trousers are so dirty.
2, A pair of glasses is on the ground. Whose can it be
2) 一些词以-s结尾 arms, clothes, goods, wages, stairs, suburbs，动词用复数
3)名词以-ings结尾 belongings. findings, surroundings, earnings，动词用复数
4)一些学科名词以-s结尾 mathematics,_______,________, news, economics, mechanics等 动词用单数
e.g. 1, Economics is his major.
2, No news is good news.
5）时间，距离，容量，长度，价值等度量名词作主语，谓语用单数
e.g. 1, Twenty miles is a long distance.
2, More than two years has passed since you began to study in Huiwen High School.
3, Three pints isn’t enough to get you drunk.
physics
politics
1.Ten pounds (is/ are) much for all the trouble we have.
2.Four hours (is/are) needed to complete the outline.
3.All their belongings, together with the remains of torn-up newspapers, (lie/ lies) over the carpets.
4.At the bottom of the hill there (is/ are) a dangerous crossroads.
5.Their earnings (come/comes) to 500 dollars a week.
is
is
lie
is
come
6）由each, every, no, many a, more than one, one and a half 修饰名词，动词用单数
e.g.
1, Each of us has got a computer.
We each have got a computer.
2, Every boy and ( every ) girl wants to have a long holiday.
3, Many a child likes the film “Harry Portter”.
4, More than one graduate student has applied for the job advertised in the paper.
More than one hundred athletes are to take part in the sports meet.
has
are
7) 集体名词family, class, audience, team, crew, staff, club, crowd, company, government,_______, _______, __________作主语，谓语动词要根据主语的意思来决定
e.g. 1,Your class is made up of 50 students.
2,The team are discussing an important subject.
但police, youth, cattle people后一般用复数
e.g. The police have found out the evidence of the murder.
.
public
group
population,
1.Many a person in these circumstances (has/have) hoped for a long break.
2.Each man, woman , and child (was/were) asked to contribute.
3.The police (was/ were) searching the house for the stolen necklace.
4.That group of soldiers (has/ have) the best individual performance.
5.The audience (is/ are) listening to a Beethoven symphony.
has
was
were
have
are
8) the+adj(pp)表示一类人,动词用________;表示一类抽象的事物,动词用________.
the old/ young/ blind/ poor/ rich/ dead/ sick/ weak/unemployed/wounded/injured
e.g.1,The injured here are well looked after.
the beautiful/good/impossible/ugly/true/false
e.g.2,The beautiful is not necessarily the same as the good.
复数
单数
9) 分数,百分数修饰的词作主语,动词由它所修饰的词决定
e.g. 1, One fifth of the students in his class are girls.
2, 80% of the work has been completed up to now.
10) all 作主语表示人,动词用复数;表示物,动词用单数
e.g. 1, All present are eager to reach an agreement.
2, All that glitters is not gold.
1.The sick (have/has) been cured and the lost (have/has) been found.
2.The total of the unemployed (is/are) believed to reach 10,000.
3.All of the British (is/are) proud of their sense of humor.
4.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth (is/ are) the sea.
5.The majority of the criminals (is/are) young men.
have
is
are
is
are
has
11) 用and连接的并列主语, 如果主语是同一个人,同一事, 同一概念, 或习惯上被看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数:
the poet and writer , a needle and thread,
a desk and chair, a watch and chain , bread and butter,_______________
eg. 1,Science and technology is developing rapidly nowadays.
2, War and peace is a constant theme.
3, Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
a knife and fork
Consolidation:
1. The whole class _______ to the teacher attentively.
A. are listening B. is listening
C. listening D. listens
2. The secretary and monitor _______ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
3. Many a man _______ coming to help us.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
4. The number of people invited ____ 50, but a number of them _____ absent for different reasons.
were, was B. was, was
C. was, were D. were, were
5. About 70% of the trees _______ been planted, so one third of the area _______ covered with green trees.
A. are, has B. is, are C. has, is D. have, is
6. Not only he but also we _______ right.
He as well as we _______ right.
A. is, are B. is, is C. are, are D. are, is
7. We each _______ strong points and each of us, on the other hand, _______ weak points.
have, have B. have, has
C. has, has D. has, have
8. Climbing hills ________ of great help to our health.
A. is B. are C. were D. be
9. They had water running all night, so large quantities of water _______ wasted.
A. were B. was C. have D. has
10. Each man and each woman ________ asked to leave when the fire broke out.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
11. The Olympic Games ________ held every ________ years.
is, four B. are, four
C. is, fourth D. are, fourth
12. She is the only one of the girls who ________ good at dancing.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
13. One or two apples ________ in the basket, and one and a half peach ________ on the table.
are, is B. is, are C. is, is D. are, are
14. His Selected Poems ________ first published in 1989.
A. were B. are C. is D. was
15. I know that all ________ getting on well with her.
A. were B. was C. is D. are
16. Every means ________ to prevent the air pollution, so the sky is clear now.
is used B. are used
C. has been used D. have been used
17. When and where the story took place ________ still unknown.
A. was B. is C. were D. are
18. Between the two buildings _________ our library.
is standing B. standing C. stand D. stands
19. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ________ yet.
A. are not decided B. has not been decided
C. is not being decided D. have not been decided
20,Between the two generations, it is often not their age,___ their education that causes misunderstandings.
A. like B. as C. or D. but
21.A survey of the opinions of experts _______ that three hours of outdoor exercises a week ______good for one’s health.
A. show, are B. shows, are
C. shows ,is D. shows, are
22.A poet and artist_____ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
23.Most of what has been said about the Smiths_____also true of the Johnsons.
A. are B. is C. being D. to being
24.The father as well as his three children ______ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going
25.The construction of the two new railway lines_______ by now.
A. has been completed B. have been completed C. has completed D. have completed
主谓一致
1.The teacher together with his student___(be) going there on foot.
主语后接with,together with,along with,as well as,rather than,but,like等短语做定语或状语时，谓语不受影响。
2.Many students___(like) English.
Many a students__(have) been to Tian’men Square.
主语前面又many a,more than one等做定语修饰时，谓语部分用单数。
3.His trousers___(be) on the bed.
A pair of trousers___(be) on the bed.
像trousers,glasses,scissors,goods,shorts,pants等复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语部分用复数，而其前有量词短语修饰时，谓语部分单复数由短语中的名词的单复数决定。
4.The number of the students in our class___(be) sixty.
A number of the students in our class___(be) from Japan.
the number of +名词复数作主语，表示 “……的数目”，谓语部分用单数。a number of+名词复数作主语，表示“ 许多、大量”，谓语部分用复数。
5.The rich___(have) many money, but the poor___(have) no money.
the+形容词表示“一类人”时，谓语用复数。
6.My family___(watch) TV at home now.And my family___(be) big. It___(have) seven people.
The class___(plant) trees on the hill at this time yesterday. And our class___(have) seventy students.
family,class集合名词，强调成员是用复数，表示家庭、班级整体概念时，用单数。
7.What he said___(not agree) with what he did.
从句、不定式、动名词表示一种抽象的概念，谓语用单数。
8.Maths___(be) very difficult.
Twenty years___(be) a ling time.
表示学科、时间、距离、金钱、重量、容量等的复数名词，作主语表达抽象的概念，谓语用单数。
9.The teacher and the writer___(be) present at the meeting.
The teacher and writer___(be) present at the meeting.
当and连接的两个名词单数前都由the时，表示两个人，而当and连接的两个名词单数共用一个the时，表示单一的概念，是指一个人。
10.No teacher and no writer___(be) going there.
and连接的两个单数名词前都由every,no,many a等修饰时，谓语用单数。
11.There___( be) a dog and three cats in the room.
Either his friends or he usually ___(go) to help the old man.
再there be句型、neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, whether…or或or连接并列主语的句子中，采取就近原则。
12.This fish___(be) very big and those fish ___(be) very small.像fish,sheep, deer,people等单复数形式一样的名词，如果意义上是单数，则动词用单数，如果意义上是复数，则动词用复数。
13.Two bottles of water___(be) on the table.
A bottle of water___(be) on the table.
A basket of apples___(be) on the table.
Two baskets of apples___(be)on the table.
计量时，可以用“数词+单位词+of+可数名词复数 不可数名词谓语动词与单位词的单复数一致。
14.The United States___(be) a big country.
以复数形式出现的国家名称、书名、形式上以s结尾，意义上是单数，谓语用单数。
15.His father___(have) lunch at home every day.
在一般现在时态中，主语是第三人称单数时，谓语用单数。
作业:
1.复习 《步步高一轮》主谓一致语法专题
2.完成 《步步高一轮》主谓一致的点对点训练
Thanks For Attendance