(共50张PPT)
Unit 4 Cartoons and
comic strips
Period 3 Grammar
牛津深圳版（广州·沈阳通用）
八年级下
Learning objectives
1.掌握现在完成时情态动词和被动语态后被动语态的构成和使用规则。
2.能够在特定语境中正确使用被动语态。
3.能够用被动语态描述如何制作动画片。
Revision
The baby dinosaur is talking to his mother. He says he want to play football.The mother dinosaur replies that don't be silly. His homework must be completed today.
He finishes his homework and ask his mother :Can I play football now The mother dinosaur answers: Dinosaurs don't play football.
In pairs, retell the story according to the pictures.
The baby dinosaur asks the team captain of the Blue Team.He says:Can I play for the Blue Team,Captain The team captain replies,don't be silly. Dinosaurs don't play football.
The baby dinosaur is crying. The team captain says:Oh,OK. You can play
against the Red Team next week.
一、In pairs, retell the story according to the pictures.
Revision
The baby dinosaur is playing very well
in the game. He kicks the ball hard, and no one from the Red Team can stop it. The baby dinosaur thinks:I scored!
The Blue Team wins the game. Everybody is very happy with
the baby dinosaur.
Revision
Show time
Han
the robot
1.Han is a tall robot. He has double eyes. He is actually a camera.
2.He always forgets things.
3.One day, Han met his friends Sarah and Tim at the subway station. He bought a new notebook. Don't forget things now. Sarah said she had one too. Tim asked Han, where is your notebook Han said he forgot to bring it!
(appearance)
(character)
(storyline)
二、What kind of robot is Han Retell the story between him and his good friend.
Revision
Watch the video and answer the questions.
What happen to the fish
Lead in
Watch the video and answer the questions.
What happen to the fish
She’s trapped. 她被困住了。
The hole traps her.洞困住了她。
(被动语态)
(主动语态)
Lead in
去年这座城市建起了许多的房子。
Many houses _________ in this city last year.
Grammar
were built
一、被动语态
→________________________________
2.范例
①Bell invented the telephone.
The telephone was invented by Bell.
贝尔发明了电话。
电话是被贝尔发明的。
一、被动语态
1.英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
Grammar
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
Grammar
②我们都被那个故事感动哭了。
We ___________ to tears by the story.
我们没有被那个故事感动哭。
We _______________ to tears by the story.
你们被那个故事感动哭了吗
Were you _______ to tears by the story
were moved
were not moved
moved
2.主动变被动解题步骤:
1. 找宾语 ——即动作的承受者
2. 判断宾语的单复数——即be动词的单复数
3. 判断动词的时态 ——即be动词的时态
4. 修改谓语的时态——即原句动词改为过去分词
5. 修改原句的主语——即by+ 主语 / 宾语
Tips
3.主动语态变被动之歌：
被动语态强调宾，be后加上过去分。
be要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
行为对象作主语， 逻辑主语by来引。
Tips
二、 The passive voice with model verbs
含情态动词的被动语态
Grammar
Lead in
1.Each picture should be made a little different from the one before it.
2.Sound effects, like the noise of the underground, must also be added separately.
观察下列句子，注意红色字体在句中的用法。
【结论】
例句1、2都是含有____动词的被动语态。它们的谓语构成形式为“__________
+ be +动词过去分词”。
情态
情态动词
含有情态动词的被动语态结构:“情态动词( should, must, may, can,could等)十be
+及物动词的过去分词”。
Grammar
(一)含有情态动词的被动语态的常见句式
(1)肯定句结构:主语十情态动词十be+动词的过去分词(+by十宾语).
The classroom should be kept clean every day.
教室每天都应该保持干净。
The book can't be taken out of the reading room.
这本书不能被拿出阅览室。
(一)含有情态动词的被动语态的常见句式
(2)否定句结构:主语十情态动词十not十be十动词的过去分词
( +by+宾语).
Grammar
(一)含有情态动词的被动语态的常见句式
(3)一般疑问句结构:情态动词十主语+be+动词的过去分词(十by十宾语)
回答:Yes,主语十情态动词. /No,主语十情态动词十not.
Grammar
Should these young trees be watered every day
应该每天给这些小树浇水吗
—Yes, they should. /No, they shouldn't.
对,应该。/不,不应该。
—Must the work be finished today
这项工作必须今天完成吗
—Yes, it must. /No, it needn't. /No, it doesn't have to.
是的,必须这样。/不,不需要。
Grammar
(一)含有情态动词的被动语态的常见句式
(4)特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句
Grammar
What should students be allowed to do
应该允许学生们做什么
(5)Read the sentences on page 55 and complete “Work out the rule”.
Grammar
Rules
be
We use the passive voice with modal verbs like this:
Rules
含有情态动词的被动语态肯定句: modal verb + be + past participle
含有情态动词的被动语态否定句: modal verb + not + be + past participle
含有情态动词的被动语态疑问句: modal verb + sb./sth. + be + past participle
1.含情态动词的被动语态结构总结
(二)总结情态动词的被动语态语法规则
2.含情态动词的主动语态变被动语态的变化步骤:(以should为例,见下图)
主动语态: Teachers should allow students to play computer games.
被动语态: Students should be allowed to play computer games (by teachers).
主语
动词
宾语
Rules
2.Complete the article below with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Practice
1.这些书能在图书馆找到。
The books _____________ in the library.
2.这些书在图书馆找不到。
The books ______________ in the library.
3.这些书在图书馆能找到吗
_____ the books ________ in the library.
(三)完成含情态动词的被动语态练习
1.按照中文提示在空格处填入正确的动词形式，完成句子。
Practice
can be found
can't be found
Can
be found
Drawing cartoon faces
When we draw a cartoon face, some parts of the face _______________ (should / make) bigger to make the face look funny. So let’s start to draw a cartoon face for the woman!
A rough circle _________________ (should/draw) first. Then a nose and big glasses ________________ (should/add).
should be made
should be drawn
should be added
Practice
Next ,a pair of small eyes and a smiling mouth ______________ (must/draw). The mouth ___________ (can/make) larger to make the woman look friendlier.
Finally, some hair _______________ (should/add) to the cartoon. The face ______________ (can/colour) with bright colours.
must be drawn
can be made
should be added
can be coloured
Practice
三、The passive voice in the present perfect tense
现在完成时的被动语态
Grammar
Lead in
After everything has been checked, the cartoon is ready to be played
for everyone to enjoy.
观察下列句子，注意红色字体在句中的用法。
【结论】
例句被动语态的时态是___________时态，它的谓语构成形式为“_________ + 动词过去分词”。
have/has
现在完成时
1.结构
助动词be + done(及物动词的过去分词)+(by... ).
助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，be的变化规则和作为连系动词完全一样。
(一)被动语态的构成
He was interviewed by the local newspaper.
他被当地的报社采访了。
Grammar
The little boy is called Jason.
这个小男孩叫杰森。
The little boy is not called Jason.
这个小男孩不叫杰森。
Is the little boy called Jason
这个小男孩是叫杰森吗
2.被动语态常见的时态及构成
(1)一般现在时的被动语态的构成
一般现在时: 肯定句:主语+am/is/ are + done+(by ... ).
Grammar
(2)一般将来时的被动语态的构成
一般将来时:肯定句:主语+ will/ shall + be+ done+(by ... ).
The match will be held next month.
比赛将会在下个月举行。
The match will not be held next month.
比赛将不会在下不月举行。
Will the match be held next month.
比赛将在下个月举行吗
2.被动语态常见的时态及构成
Grammar
(3)现在完成时被动语态的构成:
肯定句:主语+ have/has + been+ done+(by... ).
Grammar
2.被动语态常见的时态及构成
The child has been taken care of by grandma
all these years.
这些年来，孩子一直由奶奶照看。
① Read the sentences on page 56 and complete “Work out the rule”.
Rules
2.被动语态常见的时态及构成
(4)分析并总结现在完成时被动语态的规则
②总结现在完成时被动语态的肯定句/否定句/疑问句的结构:
肯定句: have/has + been + past participle
否定句: have/has + not + been + past participle
疑问句: Have/Has + sb./sth. + been + past participle
been
Rules
Many countries have sent many man-made satellites into space.
Rules
③现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态的变化步骤:(见下图)
现在完成时被动结构：
have/has + been + past participle
主语
动词
宾语
Many man-made satellites have been sent into space by many countries.
1.这个工作已经做完了。
The work ________ finished.
2.这个工作还没有做完。
The work ____________ finished.
3.这个工作做完了吗
____ the work_____________
Practice
2.被动语态常见的时态及构成
(5)练习
①按照中文提示在空格处填入正确的动词形式，完成句子。
has been
has not been
Has
been finished
② B1 In pairs, read the article in A on page 56 again. Ask and
answer questions about drawing cartoon faces. Follow the example.
Practice
S2: After the nose and big glasses have been added, you must draw a pair of small eyes and a smiling mouth.
S1: I’ve drawn a pair of small eyes and a smiling mouth. What should I do next
S2: After a pair of small eyes and a smiling mouth have been drawn, you should add some hair to the cartoon.
S1: I’ve added some hair to the cartoon. What can I do next
S2: After some hair has been added to the cartoon, you can colour the face with bright colours.
Practice
How to make a comic strip
B2 Complete the article below with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Practice
To make a comic strip, first, a story _______________ (must/think) of. The story ______________ (should/make) interesting with an exciting ending. After the story ______________ (create), pictures ______________ (must/draw).
Look at the comic strip below. Speech and thought bubbles have been added so that the pictures _________________ (can/understand) easily. A line of words called a “caption”____________(put) at the top of the fifth picture to explain a change of place or time.
must be thought
should be made
has been created
can be understood
must be drawn
has been put
Practice
How to make a comic strip
Summary
含有情态动词的被动语态的常见句式 肯定句 结构
否定句结构
主语十情态动词十be+及物动
词的过去分词(+by十宾语).
This desk was made by my father.
主语十情态动词十not十be十及
物动词的过去分词( +by+宾语).
This desk wasn't made by my father.
Summary
含有情态动词的被动语态的常见句式 一般疑问句结构
特殊疑问句结构
情态动词十主语+be+及物动词的
过去分词(十by十宾语)
回答:Yes,主语十情态动词.
/No,主语十情态动词十not.
-Was this desk made by your father
-Yes, it was./No, it wasn't.
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
When was this desk made by your father
肯定句: have/has + been + past participle
否定句: have/has + not + been + past participle
疑问句: Have/Has + sb./sth. + been + past participle
现在完成时被动语态的结构:
Summary
1.这些书必须在一周内归还图书馆。
These books________________to the library in a week.
2.我希望所有的濒危动物都能够得到保护。
I hope all the endangered animals_______________.
3.必须制定一些规则来阻止人们污染环境。
Some rules ____________ to stop people from polluting the environment.
4.我们的课室必须每天都被认真打扫。
Our classroom_______________carefully every day.
must be returned
can be protected
must be made
Practice
完成句子
must be cleaned
5.这个实验做得很成功。
The experiment _____________ successfully.
6.汤姆的小说还没有被出版。
Tom’s novel ____________________ .
7.他的自行车修好了吗
____ his bike _____________
8.谁受到了邀请
_____ ______________
has been done
has not been published
Has
been repaired
Who
has been invited
Practice
Homework
Homework
复习这节课的语法知识点。
完成《综合练习册》第51至53页Grammar的练习和课后练习。
用被动语态描述主阅读篇章介绍的动画制作的过程。
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