2023届高考英语题型专题课：七选五解题攻略课件（28张ppt)

(共28张PPT)
七选五
高考英语题型分类破解攻略
本节内容概述
□七选五题型及解答策略
高考中，七选五篇章的单词总数约300，主文词数约240，七个选项词数约60；七个选项大多以句子的形式出现，内容都与篇章有关，一般为标题概括句、段落主题句、过渡句和细节句。文章的体裁主要是说明文和议论文，结构明显，线索清晰。内容是学生较熟悉的学习或生活话题，难度适中。倾向于考查文章篇章结构、语境衔接、逻辑关系判断、段落大意归纳、关键信息词和关联词的锁定与衔接能力。由此可以看出，七选五既考查学生应具备的基本词汇、句法、语篇结构层次等知识，又要求学生具有分析、归纳、辨别和对上下文逻辑关系的理解能力。
七选五题型及解答策略
七选五题型及解答策略
一.七选五的一般解题流程
1.读文章标题或首段，判断文体并预测内容；
2.浏览七个选项，画出关键词；
3.跳读小标题或各段首句，把握文章结构；
4.细读全文，运用衔接理论相关的解题技巧选出选项；
5.回读全文，核实答案。
七选五题型及解答策略
二.解题策略
1.略读文章大意：以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语(特别是however, but后的内容)等重要部分，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上，一般只需花5～10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。
2.阅读上下句：因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。
3.关注文中结构：在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外，也可通过观察语言结构将选择范围大大缩小。
七选五题型及解答策略
二.解题策略
3.关注文中结构：
（1）标题结构：如果考查段落标题，先看看其他标题的语言形式，同一文章中的几个段落小标题基本上是同一语言形式。如果其他标题是名词短语，该题答案也是名词短语；如果其他标题是祈使句，该题的答案也是祈使句。
（2）句子结构：如果正确选项只是某个句子的一个部分，就要看看空后这个部分是不是句子，如果是句子，看看是否有连词，如果没有连词，要选的正确选项就应是短语或是带有连词的从句。
七选五题型及解答策略
二.解题策略
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. _____ , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find.
A. After six days
B. For a good marathon runner
C. Before you begin your training
D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile
E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them
F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
G. Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time
解析：从句式结构上看，逗号后是祈使句，没有连词，正确答案要么是带有连词的从句，要么是一个短语，只有A、 B、 C、 E四个选项符合，这样就缩小了选择范围；根据空前句中的preparation (准备)，和常识可知是“训练前”，故选C项。
C
七选五题型及解答策略
二.解题策略
4.注意词语复现：作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现，这种现象叫词语复现。同一个词的重复出现叫原词复现；以同义词的形式重复出现，叫同义复现；以近义词或近义表达(意思相近，表达方式不同)的形式重复出现，叫近义复现；以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现，叫同根复现。还有上义词与下义词的复现 (adult是teacher, parent的上义词，而teacher, parent就是adult的下义词)。
七选五题型及解答策略
二.解题策略
______ If you've been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a "victim mentality".
A. Learn to really trust yourself
B. It is putting confidence in someone
C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim
D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.
E. They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again..
F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.
解析：要求选段落主题句。空后句三次出现victim一词，七个选项中只有选项C中有victim，原词复现。将选项C"不要把自己当作受害者，代入空格处，与下文衔接紧密，故选C项。本段结构：总（总领）一分（细说）。
C
七选五题型及解答策略
二.解题策略
5.不可忽视的代词：我们知道，七选五就是考查上下文之间的衔接，而代词是语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题过程中要善于利用这一衔接手段。
Try to solve the problem. After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business. ________ Even if you can't solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
B. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don't forget about your friends.
G. Then find a way to calm down.
解析：本段主题句是“Try to solve the problem”，空后句又有solve it，其中it指什么？当然是the problem，因此，前句中一定会出现problem一词，七个选项中只有E项符合。
E
七选五题型及解答策略
三.答题技巧
1.根据逻辑关系判断：英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡等逻辑关系，这些关联词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。
（1）并列与递进关系：and, or, also, neither......nor, either...or, ... is to say, as well as, besides等；
（2）因果关系：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so...that, as a result等；
（3）转折让步关系：but, however, yet, rather than, instead of, despite, in spite of 等；
（4）时间关系：at last, finally, first, firstly, next, second, secondly等。
七选五题型及解答策略
三.答题技巧
Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. _________ Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
A. Eat your greens
B. Eye care should begin early in life
C. They can properly protect your eyes
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins
E. Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight
F. Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness
解析：本段讲的是正确配戴隐形眼镜的问题。要听从医生建议，恰当配戴，否则，也许会有红眼病，眼疼或者更加严重的眼部疾病，根据后文关联词 otherwise，表示“否则，不然”可知前面是应该要做的事或者做了之后会出现的好的结果。故C正确。
C
七选五题型及解答策略
三.答题技巧
2.从词汇线索上判断：
做题时注意线索词，最主要的线索词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时应注意在选项中查找相关同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。
七选五题型及解答策略
三.答题技巧
From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often: ability, money, and time.
_______. Money is a topic I'll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.
A. Try new things.
B. Ability is easily improved.
C. Make three or four instead.
D. Understand your food better.
E. Cooking is a burden for many people.
F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.
G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.
解析：空前主题句中提到ability,money, time三个主要原因，空后提到了money与time, 所以这里应是谈ability, 故选B项。
B
七选五题型及解答策略
三.答题技巧
3.从试题位置上判断。如果问题在段首：
通常考察段落主题句。应着重阅读空白后第一二句，并锁定线索词，选出正确答案。如果是段落过渡句，要瞻前顾后，结合上下文语境，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，选出正确答案。
七选五题型及解答策略
三.答题技巧
_______ According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children.
A. A healthy body contributes to one's intelligence.
B. Parents should also be careful about what they say to young children.
C. What people want to express is like this.
D. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent.
E. It needs exercise.
F. You are such a smart child.
G. These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.
解析：问题在段首，阅读空后内容可知“根据一些心理学家的观点，如果父母总是说孩子傻，那么孩子就有可能做傻事，因此父母应该多说一些积极的话，根据“挖空位置在段首，通常是段落主题句”的原则，可以推出挖空内容一定与父母对孩子所说的话相关，很容易推断出B是主题句。
B
七选五题型及解答策略
三.答题技巧
3.从试题位置上判断。如果问题在段尾：
（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点所在，并且通常是选表结论、概括的语句。所以注意在选项中查找表示结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore，as a result，thus，in short，in a word等词语.
（2）与前文是转折或对比关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词；与前文是并列或排比关系，在这种情况下，通常是要求补全本段主题的其他细节.
七选五题型及解答策略
三.答题技巧
There is no doubt that analyzing the exact data is important to assessment of an actual event. But data should be dealt with wisely. We often get wrong data which mislead us. Remember, data have no feeling but we humans have. Data do not mean much to people if we do not have the abilities to analyze the data with the knowledge and confidence to judge whether they are true or false. _________ .
A. We should try our best to be wise thinkers.
B. Data can make our life easier and more comfortable.
C. But sometimes we may find that data aren't everything.
D. Sometimes our hearts and mind are more sensitive than data.
E. Now and then the so-called specific data puzzle us very much.
F. The exact data should come from assessment of an actual event.
G. There are many things in our life which cannot be measured by data.
解析：从空白前面的句子可知，如果我们没有能力去判断对错，数据对我们什么都不是。问题在段尾，可总结出选A“我们要做聪明的思考者”。
A
七选五题型及解答策略
三.答题技巧
3.从试题位置上判断。如果问题在段中，则其所填写句子的含义应与前、后句保持一致。因此，在做题时要学会瞻前顾后，关注体现前后句逻辑关系的关联词。
There are a number of things you can do to beat your fears. One important approach is to become an expert in your problem. There are countless books and websites providing up-to-date theories and explanations about fears. ________ If you become an expert in your fear, you will be able to make good decisions about the best treatment to overcome it.
A. You can also go to lectures and workshops.
B. Making some simple changes to your diet can make you look good.
解析：本例句挖空于段中，根据“上下求索，瞻前顾后"的原则，答题时要关注体现前后句关系的关联词。空格前句子内容为克服恐惧的方法；阅读选项后，可锁定含有also的A项，其内容也是进一步克服恐慎的方法。
A
巩固练习
巩固练习·Passage 1
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 36 . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.
37 , encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 38 . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day 39 . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
40 , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
D
A
G
B
F
巩固练习·Passage 1·解析
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
【36题详解】根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。
【37题详解】根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emojis feel more conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
【38题详解】根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
【39题详解】根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
【40题详解】根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
巩固练习·Passage 2
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●_ 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
38 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bad today.
39 .
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance. F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
B
F
D
C
A
巩固练习·Passage 2·解析
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
【36题详解】根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
【37题详解】根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
【38题详解】根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
【39题详解】根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
【40题详解】结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again (再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
巩固练习·Passage 3
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36 And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.
37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39 .
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40 Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
E
B
C
A
G
巩固练习·Passage 3·解析
本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
【36题详解】上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
【37题详解】下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
【38题详解】本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
【39题详解】本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
【40题详解】上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
本节内容小结
七选五题型及解答策略
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