2023届高考英语名词性从句与定语从句的区别课件（24张PPT）

(共24张PPT)
名词性从句与定语从句
的主要区别
成分上的区别：
名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么
样的成分？
1. How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery.
2. I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job.
3. The problem is who will be equal to the task.
4. He had no idea whether we could overcome the
present difficulties or not.
主语
宾语
表语
同位语
5. I shall never forget the years when I lived in the
countryside with the farmers, which has a great
effect on my life.
6. In the office I never seem to have time until after
5:30 pm., by which time many people have gone home.
7. I had never seen such a good film as I watched last
night.
易错易混点：
____we all know, smoking is harmful to our
health.
注意区分：区分下列句型
2.___is known to us that smoking is harmful to
our health.
3.____is known to us is ____smoking is harmful
to our health
A.As B.It C.What D.that
主语从句：含形式主语it
主语从句
表语从句
非限制性定语从句
B
A
C
D
结论一：
名词从句充当句子的主要成分；
定语从句充当句子的修饰成分。
When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house___ I would be staying.
A. what B. when
C. where D. which
2.____ I want to tell you is the deep
love and respect I have for my parents.
A. That B. Which
C. Whether D. What
C
D
真题热身：
______ struck me most in the movie
was the father’s deep love for his son.
A. That B. It C. What D. Which
2.It struck me most in the movie_____
the father has deep love for his son.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
3.The only thing ____struck me in the
movie was the father’s deep love for
his son.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
真题热身：
C
A
A
2. 引导词含义上的区别：
引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？
1. That he came back made us very happy.
2. I’m sorry (that) I’ve made a mistake.
3. The fact is that his bark is worse than his bite.
4. Word came that he would come to see us all.
5. He made another wonderful discovery, which
I think is of great importance to science.
6. The Oscar is one of the film prizes that have
not been offered to any Chinese actor or actress
by far．
7. 1980, when Chinese government began its
reform, is an important year for China.
结论二：
定语从句的引导词在语义上
具有指代先行词的作用。
名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。
Finally he reached a lonely island
______ was completely cut off from the outside world.
2.Finally he reached ____ was a lonely
island.
3.Finally he arrived ______ was completely cut off from the outside world.
A. what B. where
C. which D. in which
C
A
真题热身：
B
3. 关于that:
that 在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？
1. He pretended (that) he didn’t see me.
That she lost her necklace on the way home
made her so worried.
3.The reason for his being late is that he overslept.
问题：that 作何成分？
4. The school that my sister studies at is far from
here.
5. The first request that he made was to ask for
freedom.
6. Is this the house that you have bought yourself
(which)
(which)
问题：that 作何成分？
(which)
结论三：
名词从句中的 that 只起引导词的作用，
无任何意义。（宾语从句中可省略）
定语从句中的that 在从句中充当主语或宾语，
有时可以与 which 互换。（充当宾语时可省略）
1.Experts believe______ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
2.Experts believe in those things_____have
sound and scientific evidence.
A. why B. where
C. that D. what
C
C
真题热身：
4. 引导词的不同：
不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：
不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：
且 when, where 等不能与 in/on/at which 互换。
whether, if, what, how
as,
1.He told me the way ____solved my
problem.
A. in which B. / C. how D. which
2.The way____ he solved the problem is quite useful.
A. what B. / C. how D. which
3.The last time we had great fun was___ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where B.at which C. when D. why
真题热身：
D
B
C
5.定从与表从表原因时的区别:
定从中:先行词是reason时,从句不缺成分用
why;缺成分用that,which或不填.
表从中：主语是reason时，用that。
主语不是reason时,表结果用why,
表原因用because.
1.From space, the earth looks blue. This is____about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
2.Seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water.This is
____it looks blue from the space.
3.The reason ___he resigned is ___he want to have a change.
A. why B. how C. because D. that
真题热身：
C
A
A
D
5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：
1. He has done what he can to help me.
--He has done ____ ____ he can to help me.
What I want to say has nothing to do with it.
--____ ____ I want to say has nothing to do
with it.
all that
All that
3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished.
_________ ______ breaks the law is to be punished.
4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs it most.
He will give the dictionary to _______ ____ needs it most.
5. We’ll remember whomever we turned to for help.
We’ll remember ________ _______ we turned to for help.
6. They will do whatever he wants them to do.
They will do ________ ______he wants them to do.
7. I’ll read whichever book you give me.
I’ll read ____ of the books _____ you give me.
Anyone who
anyone who
anyone (whom)
anything that
any
that
Exercises:
1.There’s a feeling in me____we’ll never know
what a UFO is—not ever.
A.that B.which C.of which D.what.
2.Is this the hospital _____he worked ten years ago
A.that B.where C.which D.the one
3. A story goes ___Elizabeth I of England liked
nothing more than being surrounded by clever
and qualified noblemen.
A.when B.which C.what D.that
4.His success was because of ___he had been
working hard.
A.that B.the fact which
C.the fact that D.the fact
5.I work in a business___almost everyone is
waiting for a great chance.
A.how B.which
C.where D.that
6.Tom came to the conclusion___by a computer.
A.that not all things can be done.
B.because of not all things be done.
C.being not all things can be done
D.because not all things can be done
7.We are living in an age ____many things are
done on computer.
A.which B.that.
C.whose D.when