Unit 5 Nelson Mandela — a modern hero
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
(一)基础词汇全面练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I was a fairly good football player in my ________ (青年时期)．
2．China is playing an important role on the international political ________ (舞台)．
3．We must follow the ________ (原则) that education should be fair to everyone.
4．She takes a(n) ________ (积极的) part in school life.
5．All people are ________ (平等的), having the same rights as each other.
6．I'd like to thank my friend, who's been very ________ (慷慨的) with his time.
7．You must try to improve the ________ (质量) of all your goods.
8．It is said that it is a great invention that will benefit ________(人类)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The people of the country could hardly wait to live a ____________ (peace) life after a long war.
2．The dog waited ____________ (hopeful) beside the table for some food.
3．We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only leads to ____________ (violent)．
4．Under our teacher's careful ____________ (guide), we finished our homework in advance.
5．I thought the work would be difficult. ________ a matter of fact, it's very easy.
6．I'm terribly sorry, but I didn't mean ____________ (upset) your plan.
7．Hearing her mother ____________ (attack) with cancer, the girl burst out crying.
8．It's ____________ (legal) to read people's private letters without permission.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．____________ (兴建于上个世纪), the church has a history of about 90 years.
2．The enemy had planned to ____________ (炸毁) the bridge, but failed at last.
3．When an animal is ____________ (遭到攻击), it can run away or fight back.
4．I ____________ (对……感激) my parents for all that they have done for me.
5．Jack is quite stubborn and he ____________ (从不乐意) change any of his opinions.
(二)重点单词多维练
1．quality(单句语法填空)
(1)There is no difference _____ quality between these goods.
(2)As a matter of fact, air in many cities is _____ poor quality.
2．devote(单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to __________ (set) up some schools for poor children.
(2)The dog had such __________ (devote) to its master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead.
(3)As we all know, he's a generous, __________ (devote), active and warm hearted man.
(4)You will never gain success______________________________ (除非你完全专注于) your work.
3．vote(单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)Our family vote __________ (turn) to the lawyer for help.
(2)As we can't agree on this matter, let's have a vote _____ it.
(3)Whether you ______________ doesn't seem to matter very much.
你是赞成还是反对这项计划看上去似乎不太重要。
4．equal(单句语法填空/一句多译)
(1)I don't think he is equal to ______________ (do) this kind of work, so I can't hire him.
(2)The island is ______________ (equal) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
(3)No one can equal her in dancing.
(4)在我看来，他能胜任这项工作。
(4)—① In my opinion, he ______________ the job.(equal)
(4)—② In my view, he ______________ the job.(fit)
(三)易混短语比较练
1．out of work失业
out of work＝out of a job 失业(强调状态)at work 工作中lose one's work/job 失业(强调动作)
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)I ____________ (lose) my work last week and he______________ (be) out of work for two months.
(2)When ______________,_he dislikes to be disturbed.
工作时他不喜欢被打扰。
(3)His parents are leading a simple life, for they have been ______________ for a year.
他的父母生活很简朴，因为他们已经失业一年了。
2．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中
get into trouble (使……)陷入困境have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳地做某事
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)Do you have any trouble______________ (finish) the work on time
(2)The soldiers took the trouble ______________ (rescue) the workers trapped in the mine.
(3)We should lend a hand to those people ______________.
我们应该帮助那些处于困境中的人。
(4)Though I ______________,_I never felt discouraged.
尽管我陷入困境，但是我从未失去信心。
3．turn to求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；转向
turn down 关小；拒绝turn in 上交
(1)写出下列句中turn to的含义
①However, when it is something difficult, I turn to my classmates or teachers for help.______________于
②Follow the main road until the post office and then turn to the left.______________
③If you turn to page 40, you will find it.______________
④You must __________________ your uniform when you leave the army.
⑤I'm disappointed that my suggestion__________________ at the meeting.
(四)经典句式仿写练
1．(教材原句) However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
可是，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。
[仿写1] 这是一个几乎人人都想出名的时代。
________________________________ almost everyone wants to be famous.
(1)This is/was a time when ... 这是一个……的时期(2)There was a time when ... 曾有一段时间……
[仿写2] 曾经有一段时间，妇女不被允许去上学。
________________________________ women were not allowed to go to school.
2．(教材原句) The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
过去30年来所颁布的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步。一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
[仿写1] 1949年见证了中华人民共和国的建立。
The_year_1949_______________________ of the People's Republic of China.
有些动词，如see， find， witness等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经历、见证、目睹”了某事。
[仿写2] 在过去的二十年里，我的家乡见证了巨变的发生。
____________________________________________ taking place in the past 20 years.
3．(教材原句) ...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
……只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
[仿写1] 昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他真是一个令人吃惊的消息。
____________________________________________,_which was a big surprise.
在英语句子中，为了表示强调，把“only＋状语 副词/介词短语/从句 ”置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形式，即把主句中的助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语前面。
[仿写2] 我们学生只有以这种方式才能愉快、有效地学习。
____________________________________________ happily and effectively.
(五)课文缩写迁移练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Elias first met Nelson Mandela 1._________ he was twelve years old. At that time, Mandela was a black lawyer who offered 2._________ (guide) to poor black people on their legal problems.
Elias needed Nelson's help because he had very little 3._________ (educate). He got a job in a gold mine. Sadly he did not have a passbook 4._________ (live) in Johannesburg and he worried about whether he would become 5._________ of work. Mandela told Elias how to get the correct papers 6.so he could stay in Johannesburg. Elias never forgot 7._________ kind Mandela was. Later, Elias joined the ANC Youth League 8._________ (organize) by Nelson Mandela.
In 1963, Elias helped Mandela blow 9.up some government buildings. Though it was dangerous, Elias was very happy 10._________ (help).
阅读理解
A
In the state of Maryland, a girl was born into slavery (奴隶制) in 1820. Her parents named her Araminta Harriet Ross. She was to become Harriet Tubman. She was one of about one million Africans in slavery in the United States.
From the age of five, Harriet Tubman's owners made her work very hard. First, she cared for the child of the farm owner. Then, she did hard work on large farms.
Although she could not read or write, Tubman learned from her parents to do what was right. Through her whole life, Tubman put herself in danger to help other people.
One such act changed her life when she was 13 years old. Because she helped another slave, her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head. She was badly hurt. For the rest of her life, Tubman's head wound caused problems for her.
When she was about 25 years old, Harriet married a free black man named John Tubman. But she was still a slave. Her life was so difficult that she decided to escape. She travelled for 145 kilometres, and finally crossed into the North. Tubman became a free woman.
But Tubman could not leave her family enslaved in the South. So she travelled back to help them escape as well. Then, she made many trips and guided about 300 slaves to freedom. Tubman also fought bravely in the American Civil War and in 1865 slavery was not allowed in the US.
Harriet Tubman died in 1913. Her memory brings hope to many people — especially to those who fight for justice (正义). She encouraged people to never give up.
“If you want a taste of freedom, keep going.”
1．What do we know about Harriet Tubman
A．She was born a slave.
B．She was born in Africa.
C．She was taken to the US by a slave trader.
D．She was sold to a farm owner when she was born.
2．When she was 13 years old, Tubman ________.
A．planned to run away
B．helped a slave escape
C．fought bravely against her owner
D．was seriously wounded in her head
3．We can infer from the text that Tubman was ________.
A．honest and friendly B．strong and helpful
C．lucky and careful D．clever and polite
4．What would be the best title for the text
A．Africans' Fight for Freedom
B．Harriet Tubman: From Slave to Hero
C．The History of Slavery in the United States
D．The American Civil War: The North Against the South
B
As one saying goes, where there are Chinese people, there are kung fu legends.
Jin Yong, also known as Louis Cha Leung yung, was regarded as one of the greatest kung fu fiction writers in China.And Cha built a magical kung fu kingdom.But this kingdom is falling apart now, because Cha passed away on Oct 30, 2018, at the age of 94.
Cha wrote 15 wuxia novels between 1955 and 1972.While the values and tastes of readers have changed greatly in recent decades, his books continue to attract people.His works have been filmed into movies and TV series in Hong Kong, Taiwan and the Chinese mainland, the roles of which are very interesting and instructive to his fans.
For example, in The Return of the Condor Heroes (《神雕侠侣》), the young knight Yang Guo waits for his lover Xiaolongnü faithfully for 16 years, believing that she is still alive, even though she has jumped from a mountain into a deep valley.And in Demi Gods and Semi Devils (《天龙八部》), powerful Xiao Feng treats his friends with sincere heart, ready to die for the peace of his homeland.
Cha has a good command of language.He has a theory about writing an attractive story: “To make a lie believable it's better to tell ten truthful things along with it.” His stories are always full of rich history.As a result, he achieves a sense of realism with his kung fu arts heroes.
However, Cha's real aim in writing novels is to show traditional Chinese values and qualities. “Wuxia novels must describe justice and righteousness.The good fight the wicked.Traditional values are shown through the characters and their stories, not by lecturing readers，” he said.
5．What can we learn from the text
A．Cha's stories get away from some real rich histories.
B．Louis Cha created 15 popular wuxia novels in over 20 years.
C．Cha's wuxia novels have been popular in recent decades.
D．Xiao Feng is the hero in The Return of the Condor Heroes.
6．What do the two examples given in Paragraph 4 stress
A．The top writing skills of Cha's novels.
B．The importance of reading novels.
C．The moral value of Cha's wuxia novels.
D．Cha's great success in writing.
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To remember a great kung fu fiction writer.
B．To introduce two wuxia novels of Cha's.
C．To encourage studies on traditional Chinese culture.
D．To share the joy of appreciating Cha's wuxia novels.Unit 5 Nelson Mandela — a modern hero
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
(一)基础词汇全面练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I was a fairly good football player in my youth (青年时期)．
2．China is playing an important role on the international political stage (舞台)．
3．We must follow the principle (原则) that education should be fair to everyone.
4．She takes a(n) active (积极的) part in school life.
5．All people are equal (平等的), having the same rights as each other.
6．I'd like to thank my friend, who's been very generous (慷慨的) with his time.
7．You must try to improve the quality (质量) of all your goods.
8．It is said that it is a great invention that will benefit mankind (人类)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The people of the country could hardly wait to live a peaceful (peace) life after a long war.
2．The dog waited hopefully (hopeful) beside the table for some food.
3．We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only leads to violence (violent)．
4．Under our teacher's careful guidance (guide), we finished our homework in advance.
5．I thought the work would be difficult. As a matter of fact, it's very easy.
6．I'm terribly sorry, but I didn't mean to_upset (upset) your plan.
7．Hearing her mother was_attacked (attack) with cancer, the girl burst out crying.
8．It's illegal (legal) to read people's private letters without permission.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．Founded_in_last_century (兴建于上个世纪), the church has a history of about 90 years.
2．The enemy had planned to blow_up (炸毁) the bridge, but failed at last.
3．When an animal is under_attack (遭到攻击), it can run away or fight back.
4．I am_grateful_to (对……感激) my parents for all that they have done for me.
5．Jack is quite stubborn and he is_never_willing_to (从不乐意) change any of his opinions.
(二)重点单词多维练
1．quality(单句语法填空)
(1)There is no difference in quality between these goods.
(2)As a matter of fact, air in many cities is of poor quality.
2．devote(单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting (set) up some schools for poor children.
(2)The dog had such devotion (devote) to its master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead.
(3)As we all know, he's a generous, devoted (devote), active and warm hearted man.
(4)You will never gain success unless_you_are_fully_devoted_to (除非你完全专注于) your work.
3．vote(单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)Our family vote to_turn (turn) to the lawyer for help.
(2)As we can't agree on this matter, let's have a vote on it.
(3)Whether you vote_for_or_against_the_plan doesn't seem to matter very much.
你是赞成还是反对这项计划看上去似乎不太重要。
4．equal(单句语法填空/一句多译)
(1)I don't think he is equal to doing (do) this kind of work, so I can't hire him.
(2)The island is equally (equal) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
(3)No one can equal her in dancing.
(4)在我看来，他能胜任这项工作。
(4)—① In my opinion, he is_equal_to the job.(equal)
(4)—② In my view, he is_fit_for the job.(fit)
(三)易混短语比较练
1．out of work失业
out of work＝out of a job 失业(强调状态)at work 工作中lose one's work/job 失业(强调动作)
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)I lost (lose) my work last week and he has_been (be) out of work for two months.
(2)When at_work,_he dislikes to be disturbed.
工作时他不喜欢被打扰。
(3)His parents are leading a simple life, for they have been out_of_work for a year.
他的父母生活很简朴，因为他们已经失业一年了。
2．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中
get into trouble (使……)陷入困境have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳地做某事
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)Do you have any trouble finishing (finish) the work on time
(2)The soldiers took the trouble to_rescue (rescue) the workers trapped in the mine.
(3)We should lend a hand to those people in_trouble.
我们应该帮助那些处于困境中的人。
(4)Though I had_got_into_trouble,_I never felt discouraged.
尽管我陷入困境，但是我从未失去信心。
3．turn to求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；转向
turn down 关小；拒绝turn in 上交
(1)写出下列句中turn to的含义
①However, when it is something difficult, I turn to my classmates or teachers for help.求助于
②Follow the main road until the post office and then turn to the left.转向
③If you turn to page 40, you will find it.翻到
(2)选用上述短语填空
④You must turn_in your uniform when you leave the army.
⑤I'm disappointed that my suggestion was_turned_down at the meeting.
(四)经典句式仿写练
1．(教材原句) However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
可是，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。
[仿写1] 这是一个几乎人人都想出名的时代。
This_is_a_time_when almost everyone wants to be famous.
(1)This is/was a time when ... 这是一个……的时期(2)There was a time when ... 曾有一段时间……
[仿写2] 曾经有一段时间，妇女不被允许去上学。
There_was_once_a_time_when women were not allowed to go to school.
2．(教材原句) The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
过去30年来所颁布的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步。一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
[仿写1] 1949年见证了中华人民共和国的建立。
The_year_1949_saw_the_founding of the People's Republic of China.
有些动词，如see， find， witness等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经历、见证、目睹”了某事。
[仿写2] 在过去的二十年里，我的家乡见证了巨变的发生。
My_hometown_has_seen/witnessed_great_changes taking place in the past 20 years.
3．(教材原句) ...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
……只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
[仿写1] 昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他真是一个令人吃惊的消息。
Only yesterday did_his_father_tell_him_the_truth,_which was a big surprise.
在英语句子中，为了表示强调，把“only＋状语 副词/介词短语/从句 ”置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形式，即把主句中的助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语前面。
[仿写2] 我们学生只有以这种方式才能愉快、有效地学习。
Only_in_this_way_can_we_students_study happily and effectively.
(五)课文缩写迁移练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Elias first met Nelson Mandela 1.when he was twelve years old. At that time, Mandela was a black lawyer who offered 2.guidance (guide) to poor black people on their legal problems.
Elias needed Nelson's help because he had very little 3.education (educate). He got a job in a gold mine. Sadly he did not have a passbook 4.to_live (live) in Johannesburg and he worried about whether he would become 5.out of work. Mandela told Elias how to get the correct papers 6.so he could stay in Johannesburg. Elias never forgot 7.how kind Mandela was. Later, Elias joined the ANC Youth League 8.organized (organize) by Nelson Mandela.
In 1963, Elias helped Mandela blow 9.up some government buildings. Though it was dangerous, Elias was very happy 10.to_help (help).
阅读理解
A
In the state of Maryland, a girl was born into slavery (奴隶制) in 1820. Her parents named her Araminta Harriet Ross. She was to become Harriet Tubman. She was one of about one million Africans in slavery in the United States.
From the age of five, Harriet Tubman's owners made her work very hard. First, she cared for the child of the farm owner. Then, she did hard work on large farms.
Although she could not read or write, Tubman learned from her parents to do what was right. Through her whole life, Tubman put herself in danger to help other people.
One such act changed her life when she was 13 years old. Because she helped another slave, her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head. She was badly hurt. For the rest of her life, Tubman's head wound caused problems for her.
When she was about 25 years old, Harriet married a free black man named John Tubman. But she was still a slave. Her life was so difficult that she decided to escape. She travelled for 145 kilometres, and finally crossed into the North. Tubman became a free woman.
But Tubman could not leave her family enslaved in the South. So she travelled back to help them escape as well. Then, she made many trips and guided about 300 slaves to freedom. Tubman also fought bravely in the American Civil War and in 1865 slavery was not allowed in the US.
Harriet Tubman died in 1913. Her memory brings hope to many people — especially to those who fight for justice (正义). She encouraged people to never give up.
“If you want a taste of freedom, keep going.”
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国杰出的黑人废奴主义运动家哈丽特·塔布曼。
1．What do we know about Harriet Tubman
A．She was born a slave.
B．She was born in Africa.
C．She was taken to the US by a slave trader.
D．She was sold to a farm owner when she was born.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a girl was born into slavery”可知，哈丽特·塔布曼出生于奴隶家庭，也就意味着她一出生就是奴隶。
2．When she was 13 years old, Tubman ________.
A．planned to run away
B．helped a slave escape
C．fought bravely against her owner
D．was seriously wounded in her head
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“when she was 13 years old”和“her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head. She was badly hurt.”可知，哈丽特·塔布曼在13岁的时候，头部受到重创。
3．We can infer from the text that Tubman was ________.
A．honest and friendly B．strong and helpful
C．lucky and careful D．clever and polite
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文中对哈丽特·塔布曼事迹的描述可知，作为奴隶的她受到非人的折磨，但她却凭借自己顽强的意志成功摆脱奴隶的身份，并且多次帮助其他奴隶获取自由。由此可知，B项准确概括了哈丽特·塔布曼的品质特点。
4．What would be the best title for the text
A．Africans' Fight for Freedom
B．Harriet Tubman: From Slave to Hero
C．The History of Slavery in the United States
D．The American Civil War: The North Against the South
解析：选B 标题归纳题。哈丽特·塔布曼出身奴隶，但她渴望自由，最终逃到美国北方，获取新生。不仅如此，她还帮助无数黑奴奔向自由，成为了一名英雄。故B项作标题贴切。
B
As one saying goes, where there are Chinese people, there are kung fu legends.
Jin Yong, also known as Louis Cha Leung yung, was regarded as one of the greatest kung fu fiction writers in China.And Cha built a magical kung fu kingdom.But this kingdom is falling apart now, because Cha passed away on Oct 30, 2018, at the age of 94.
Cha wrote 15 wuxia novels between 1955 and 1972.While the values and tastes of readers have changed greatly in recent decades, his books continue to attract people.His works have been filmed into movies and TV series in Hong Kong, Taiwan and the Chinese mainland, the roles of which are very interesting and instructive to his fans.
For example, in The Return of the Condor Heroes (《神雕侠侣》), the young knight Yang Guo waits for his lover Xiaolongnü faithfully for 16 years, believing that she is still alive, even though she has jumped from a mountain into a deep valley.And in Demi Gods and Semi Devils (《天龙八部》), powerful Xiao Feng treats his friends with sincere heart, ready to die for the peace of his homeland.
Cha has a good command of language.He has a theory about writing an attractive story: “To make a lie believable it's better to tell ten truthful things along with it.” His stories are always full of rich history.As a result, he achieves a sense of realism with his kung fu arts heroes.
However, Cha's real aim in writing novels is to show traditional Chinese values and qualities. “Wuxia novels must describe justice and righteousness.The good fight the wicked.Traditional values are shown through the characters and their stories, not by lecturing readers，” he said.
语篇解读：2018年10月30日，武侠小说作家金庸先生逝世，享年94岁。阅读本文，让我们一起记住这位伟大的传奇大师吧！
5．What can we learn from the text
A．Cha's stories get away from some real rich histories.
B．Louis Cha created 15 popular wuxia novels in over 20 years.
C．Cha's wuxia novels have been popular in recent decades.
D．Xiao Feng is the hero in The Return of the Condor Heroes.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段第二、三句可知，尽管近几十年来，读者的价值观和品味发生了很大变化，但他的著作仍在吸引着人们。他的作品已在中国香港、中国台湾和中国大陆被拍成电影和电视剧。故C项正确。
6．What do the two examples given in Paragraph 4 stress
A．The top writing skills of Cha's novels.
B．The importance of reading novels.
C．The moral value of Cha's wuxia novels.
D．Cha's great success in writing.
解析：选C 推理判断题。本段中第一个例子表达大侠杨过对小龙女的真爱；第二个例子主要表达萧峰的爱国情怀。由此，第四段中的两个例子主要是强调金庸武侠小说的德育价值。
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To remember a great kung fu fiction writer.
B．To introduce two wuxia novels of Cha's.
C．To encourage studies on traditional Chinese culture.
D．To share the joy of appreciating Cha's wuxia novels.
解析：选A 写作目的题。根据全篇内容可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了纪念一位伟大的武侠小说家——金庸。
