辽宁省部分地区2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语汇编：七选五（含答案）

辽宁省部分市
2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版汇编
七选五
辽宁省大连市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Like space exploration, deep sea exploration requires new instruments and technology. The ocean depths are cold and dark and are under high pressure.____16____
Finding the Bottom
In the 8th century, lead weights which were attached to ropes are dropped to measure water depth. Beginning in the19th century, researchers used wire rather than rope to take sounding measurements. In the modern era, acoustic (声学) depth measurement devices are widely used.____17____.
Human Exploration
Once people knew where the sea floor was, ____18____ Science has progressed way beyond the diving bell, a huge bottle containing air that could be lowered into the water. The first submarine was built by Cornelius Drebbel in 1623.The first underwater breathing device was invented in 1865. In 1964, Alvin was tested. Alvin was built by General Mills and operated by the US Navy. Alvin allowed three people to remain underwater for as long as nine hours and as deep as 14,800 feet. Modern submarines can travel as deep as 20,000 feet.
Robotic Exploration
While humans have visited the bottom of the Mariana Trench, ____19____. Further exploration relies on modern robotic systems.
Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) are controlled by researchers on a ship. ROVs typically carry cameras, manipulator (操作) arms, sonar equipment, and sample containers.
Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) operate without human control.____20____. Some vehicles, such as the Nereus, act as either a ROV or AUV.
A. But diving deep never ends
B. Humans are curious about the sea
C. they have made a lot of discoveries
D. they wanted to visit and examine it
E. the trips only allowed limited exploration
F. Basically, they produce a loud sound and listen for echoes to measure distance
G. They generate maps, measure temperature and chemicals, and take photographs
辽宁省丹东市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Develop a Self-Disciplined Routine for Online Studying
While online classes can be a wonderful opportunity in a busy world, they come with their own challenges. Without an in-person lecture, it can be harder to stay on top of learning and classwork. ____16____
Set up an appropriate study space. What this is will vary a bit from person to person, but it will have the fewest distractions. ____17____ Besides, avoid doing anything other than studying in this space. This makes the transition into studying easier, since your brain will start to associate that specific space with doing schoolwork.
Schedule study time. It can be hard to make time to study if you’re constantly waiting for the right time. ____18____ It is also a good idea to set an alarm on your phone or laptop. During this period, tell your family and friends that you need to study for a while. If you want, put a sign on your door to remind them you need to focus right now.
____19____ It is the early bird that catches the worm. Give yourself more time than you think you’ll need, just in case you have a problem you didn’t foresee or a busy day in which you can’t have enough time to finish the homework. If you miss work or are struggling with finishing your homework, communicate with the teacher as soon as possible.
Ask questions. ____20____ You may enjoy the benefit of an online course, or you may hate missing out on the classroom interaction, but there is no reason to have a question go unanswered just because you are “home alone” when the question arises.
A. Foresee your homework.
B. Start early on your assignments.
C. This tool is useless if you don’t refer to it.
D. Keep it clear, except for the necessities for your study.
E. Instead, set a specific time every day to work on your class.
F. With the following tips, you can do your best and be more self-disciplined.
G. The teacher has no way of knowing you are confused, or need help if you do not speak up.
辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nowadays we all have hundreds of Facebook “friends”. ____16____Studies show that even if people have thousands of Facebook friends, they usually only keep close relationship with a few people in real life. So, what are the signs of your true friendships Let’s read on and find out the answer.
True friends stick with you through both good and bad times. In hard times, a true friend will never leave you in the shadow alone.____17____Fake friends often fail you because they only want to stick around when things go well for you, and feel like helping you through your problems is a burden for them.
____18____To know whether you’re dealing with a true friendship or not, just notice who sticks around when you reach new heights in your life. Some people will get jealous and try to tear you down, but the real friends in your life will feel happy for you
They allow you to have other friendships without getting jealous and possessive. Real friends feel confident enough in your friendship. They give you the freedom to pursue other friendships and activities in your life.____19____
They forgive you when you make a mistake. Don’t expect perfection from true friends, and they won’t expect it from you. They know that you will slip up (出现疏漏) from time to time.____20____They just put it behind them and know that you have good intentions despite mistakes you might make.
A. They treat their friends as treasure.
B. So you don’t have to give them a long apology.
C. That’s because they know your friendship is rock solid.
D. True friends will congratulate you when you reach a new goal.
E. Instead, they offered to give you a helping hand whenever they can.
F. That’s because they probably know things about you that many others don’t.
G. We can instantly connect with them online, but does that make them true friends
辽宁省锦州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Summer holiday is coming. Are you ready for flight travels We have prepared a list of tips for making your airport experience as easy as possible.
Don’t travel with wrapped gifts
___36___ Package gifts in gift bags or gift boxes so you don’t have to re-wrap any presents later on. If you’re planning on giving someone a snow globe, just make sure that it contains less than 3. 4 ounces of liquid.
___37___
While US airports are actually busier in the summer months than during the holiday season, it still pays to arrive an hour or two early. As a general rule, it is recommended arriving two hours early for a domestic (国内的) flight and three hours early for an international flight.
It’s OK to travel with food.
Yes, it is completely permitted to travel with the fruitcake, pies and chocolates you take away from holiday dinner. But the 3.4 ounce liquid limit for carry-ons applies here, too. ___38___
Don’t bring along any prohibited items.
___39___ The airport won’t permit those in either checked bags or carry-ons. For a full list of prohibited items, visit the website.
Pack smartly
Consider packing your bags and dressing in ways that will make going through security faster. Wear sports clothes that don’t require a belt. ___40___ And pre-pack any liquid in a clear, small-sized plastic bag.
A. Go to the airport in time.
B. Arrive at the airport early.
C. Leave your match and knife at home.
D. You can bring some books or even your iPad to kill the time.
E. Food items like cookies, cake, or turkey can pass through security.
F. If your gifts lead to an alarm, you need to remove any gift wrapping.
G. Keep large electronic items accessible so you can remove and replace them easily.
辽宁省营口市普通高中2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
____16____ To help you get started in the essay writing process, here are a few suggestions that can help you work through it:
Identify key themes or messages you want to convey
Are there two or three things you want to make sure the readers of your application know about you In answering this question, go beyond the obvious. ____17____ This is your opportunity to provide insight and interpretation.
____18____
How have they shaped you A group of students just returned from a two-week tour of Europe with great pictures and wonderful stories. Two years from now, when they begin writing their college applications, they should reflect less on where they went and what they saw — and more on how some aspects of the experience changed them.
____19____
Quite often, metaphors are effective in framing key messages in college application essays. If you have identified themes or messages to be explained in your application, think about moments of revelation that speak to the bigger picture: What were you feeling at the time How did you react ____20____
Take advantage of the time you give yourself by starting early
Resist the temptation to write a college essay in a single draft Good writing and editing is a process. Manage it well to your advantage.
A. Find the story within the story
B. Experience does change one’s mind.
C. Reflect on your most memorable life experiences
D. Don’t restate information that can be found elsewhere in your application.
E. All these pictures can help you better frame your essay.
F. Are you trying to figure out what to write about for your college application essay
G. What has been the impact of that experience on how you see yourself in the world
答案：
辽宁省大连市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。人类对深海的探索从未停止过，人类利用了各种方式来探测深海的底部有多深。
【16题详解】
根据前文“The ocean depths are cold and dark and are under high pressure.(海洋深处又冷又黑，承受着高压)”以及后文“In the 8th century, lead weights which were attached to ropes are dropped to measure water depth.(在8世纪，人们放下绑在绳子上的铅锤来测量水深)”以及后文“Science has progressed way beyond the diving bell, a huge bottle containing air that could be lowered into the water.(科学的进步远远超过了潜水钟，潜水钟是一个巨大的瓶子，里面装着可以放入水中的空气)”可知，尽管深海又黑又冷，但是人类一直在尝试各种方式来去探测深海，因此选项A“But diving deep never ends(但是深海潜水永无止境)”与前文构成转折关系，同时引起下文，符合语意。故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Beginning in the19th century, researchers used wire rather than rope to take sounding measurements. In the modern era, acoustic(声学的)depth measurement devices are widely used.(从19世纪开始，研究人员使用钢丝而不是绳索进行测深测量。在现代，声学深度测量装置得到了广泛的应用)”可知，研究者们通过测量声音来判断海底的深度，选项F中的“a loud sound”与前文的“take sounding measurements”相对应，F选项“Basically, they produce a loud sound and listen for echoes to measure distance(基本上，它们会发出很大的声音，然后听回声来测量距离)”符合语意,they指代上文的acoustic depth measurement devices。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据后文的“The first submarine was built by Cornelius Drebbel in 1623.The first underwater breathing device was invented in 1865.In 1964, Alvin was tested. Alvin was built by General Mills and operated by the US Navy. Alvin allowed three people to remain underwater for as long as nine hours and as deep as 14,800 feet. Modern submarines can travel as deep as 20,000 feet.(第一艘潜艇由科尼利厄斯·德雷贝尔于1623年建造。第一个水下呼吸装置于1865年发明。1964年，阿尔文接受了测试。阿尔文由通用磨坊建造，由美国海军运营。阿尔文允许三人在水下停留长达九个小时，深度达14800英尺。现代潜艇可以航行到20000英尺深)”可知，人们发明和创造了很多东西来帮助自己去探索深海，因此可知人们对于深海是充满了兴趣和好奇的，一旦确定深海在哪，他们一定去看看深海是怎么样的。故选项D“they wanted to visit and examine it(他们就想去参观考察)”引起下文内容，符合语意。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Further exploration relies on modern robotic systems.(进一步的探索依赖于现代的机器人系统)”可知，人类探索的能力有限，更进一步的探索需要借助现代的机器人系统，故选项E“the trips only allowed limited exploration(但这些旅程只能进行有限的勘探)”说明了人类探索的局限性，同时引出下文借助机器人系统来探索的重要性。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) are controlled by researchers on a ship. ROVs typically carry cameras, manipulator(操作)arms, sonar equipment, and sample containers. Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) operate without human control.(遥控飞行器由船上的研究人员控制。ROV通常携带摄像机、机械臂、声纳设备和样本容器。自动水下机器人在没有人类控制的情况下运行)”以及后文“Some vehicles, such as the Nereus, act as either a ROV or AUV.(有些工具，如Nereus，可以作为ROV或AUV)”可知，这些远程操控的机器有携带摄像机、机械臂、声纳设备和样本容器等能够实现诸如拍照等多种功能，故选项G“They generate maps, measure temperature and chemicals, and take photographs(他们绘制地图，测量温度和化学物质，并拍摄照片)”符合语意。故选G项。
辽宁省丹东市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. E 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何在在线学习时自律。
【16题详解】
空前说“Without an in-person lecture, it can be harder to stay on top of learning and classwork.(如果没有面对面的讲座，你就很难在学习和课堂作业中保持领先。)”，因此就需要了解一下在线学习时的技巧，F选项“With the following tips, you can do your best and be more self-disciplined.(按照下面的建议，你可以做到最好，并更加自律。)”引出了下文让自己更自律的方法，符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
空前说“Set up an appropriate study space. What this is will vary a bit from person to person, but it will have the fewest distractions.(建立适当的学习空间。这是什么将因人而异，但它将有最少的干扰。)”，D选项“Keep it clear, except for the necessities for your study.(除了你学习的必需品外，要保持清净。)”说明的是保持学习空间的清净，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
空前说“It can be hard to make time to study if you’re constantly waiting for the right time.(如果你一直在等待合适的时间，你很难腾出时间来学习。)”，空格处应说正确的做法是什么，E选项“Instead, set a specific time every day to work on your class.(相反，每天设定一个特定的时间来学习你的课程。)”和上文“waiting for the right time”相反，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，根据后文的“It is the early bird that catches the worm.(早起的鸟儿有虫吃。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要早点行动，B选项“Start early on your assignments.(尽早开始你的作业。)”说明要早点行动，概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选B。
【20题详解】
空前说“Ask questions.(问问题。)”，G选项“The teacher has no way of knowing you are confused, or need help if you do not speak up.(如果你不大声说出来，老师没有办法知道你的困惑，或者需要帮助。)”中的“speak up”和前面的“Ask questions”相呼应，说明了为什么要问问题，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了真正的友谊的一些特点。
【16题详解】
上文“Nowadays we all have hundreds of Facebook ‘friends’.(如今，我们在Facebook上都有数百个‘好朋友’)”提到我们在网上有很多好友，下文是讲述真正友谊的一些特点，所以G项“我们可以立即在网上与他们联系，但这能让他们成为真正的朋友吗？”符合语境，G项them指代前句提到的Facebook “friends”，与上文形成转折关系，引出下文讲述真正友谊。故选G项。
【17题详解】
前一句“In hard times, a true friend will never leave you in the shadow alone.(在困难的时候，真正的朋友永远不会让你一个人在阴影下)”提到在困境时朋友不会留下我们自己在阴影中，空处与前句存在递进关系，进一步说明他们在困境时会怎么做，E项“相反，他们会主动提供力所能及的帮助。”符合语境。故选E项。
【18题详解】
此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。根据本段中“To know whether you’re dealing with a true friendship or not, just notice who sticks around when you reach new heights in your life.(要知道你是否在和一段真正的友谊打交道，只要注意一下当你达到人生新高度时，谁会一直在你身边)”及“…but the real friends in your life will feel happy for you(但你生活中真正的朋友会为你感到高兴)”可知，本段主要讲当你实现新的目标时真正的朋友的态度。D项“真正的朋友会在你达到新目标时祝贺你。”适合作为主题句。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据前一句“They give you the freedom to pursue other friendships and activities in your life.(他们给你自由去追求你生活中的其他友谊和活动)”可知，真正的朋友不会介意你与其他人建立友谊，空处与前句存在解释关系，解释说明他们不会介意你与他人建立友谊的原因，C项“那是因为他们知道你们的友谊坚如磐石。”符合语境。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上一句“They know that you will slip up (出现疏漏) from time to time.(他们知道你会时不时出现疏漏)”及空后一句“They just put it behind them and know that you have good intentions despite mistakes you might make.(他们只是把它抛在脑后，知道你的意图是好的，尽管你可能会犯错误)”可知，真正朋友不会介意你偶尔犯错误，所以你不必长篇大论地道歉，B项“所以你不必给他们一个很长的道歉。”符合语境，故选B项。
辽宁省锦州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就乘坐飞机旅行说明了一些建议。
【36题详解】
根据后文“Package gifts in gift bags or gift boxes so you don’t have to re-wrap any presents later on. If you’re planning on giving someone a snow globe, just make sure that it contains less than 3. 4 ounces of liquid.(用礼品袋或礼品盒包装礼物，这样以后就不用重新包装礼物了。如果你打算送别人一个雪花玻璃球，只要确保它的容量小于3.4盎司的液体)”可知，本段主要是关于礼物包装的说明，且后文提到了重新包装。故F选项“如果你的礼物引起警报，你需要拆除任何礼物包装”符合语境，故选F。
【37题详解】
根据本段内容“While US airports are actually busier in the summer months than during the holiday season, it still pays to arrive an hour or two early. As a general rule, it is recommended arriving two hours early for a domestic (国内的) flight and three hours early for an international flight.(虽然美国机场在夏季的几个月实际上比假期更繁忙，但提前一两个小时到达还是值得的。一般来说，国内航班建议提前两小时到达，国际航班建议提前三小时到达)”可知，后文提到了国内航班建议提前两小时到达，国际航班建议提前三小时到达，即本段的主旨是提前到达机场。故B选项“提前到达机场”符合语境，故选B。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Yes, it is completely permitted to travel with the fruitcake, pies and chocolates you take away from holiday dinner. But the 3.4 ounce liquid limit for carry-ons applies here, too.(是的，带着你从节日晚餐中带走的水果蛋糕、馅饼和巧克力旅行是完全允许的。但随身携带3.4盎司液体的限制也适用于这里)”可知，上文提到可以带着节日晚餐的食物旅行，故E选项“饼干、蛋糕、火鸡等食物可以通过安检”符合语境，故选E。
【39题详解】
根据后文“The airport won’t permit those in either checked bags or carry-ons. For a full list of prohibited items, visit the website.(机场不允许携带这些东西在托运行李或随身行李里。有关禁用物品的完整清单，请访问网站)”可知，本句主要是在具体说明禁用物品。故C选项“把你的火柴和刀子留在家里”符合语境，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Consider packing your bags and dressing in ways that will make going through security faster. Wear sports clothes that don’t require a belt.(考虑打包行李和穿着可以让你更快地通过安检。穿不需要腰带的运动服)”以及后文“And pre-pack any liquid in a clear, small-sized plastic bag.(把所有液体预先装在一个透明的小塑料袋里)”可知，本句与前后文并列，都是在说明如何打包行李物品。故G选项“让大的电子产品触手可及，这样你就能很容易地拆卸和更换它们”符合语境，故选G。
辽宁省营口市普通高中2021-2022学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些写大学申请文书的方法。
【16题详解】
根据后文“To help you get started in the essay writing process, here are a few suggestions that can help you work through it(为了帮助你开始大学申请文书写作的过程，这里有一些建议可以帮助你完成它)”可知，本句主要是关于大学申请文书的设问句，后文则对此给出建议，故F选项“你是否在考虑大学申请文书要写些什么？”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Are there two or three things you want to make sure the readers of your application know about you In answering this question, go beyond the obvious.(你是否有两三件事想让你的大学申请文书的读者了解你？在回答这个问题时，要超越显而易见的情况)”可知，上文提到要超越显而易见的情况，故本句是对上文进行举例说明：不要在大学申请文书中重复在其他地方可以找到的信息。故D选项“不要在大学申请文书中重复在其他地方可以找到的信息”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据本段内容“How have they shaped you A group of students just returned from a two-week tour of Europe with great pictures and wonderful stories. Two years from now, when they begin writing their college applications, they should reflect less on where they went and what they saw - and more on how some aspects of the experience changed them.(它们是如何塑造你的？一群学生刚刚结束为期两周的欧洲之旅，带着很棒的照片和精彩的故事回来。两年后，当他们开始写大学申请文书时，他们应该少考虑自己去了哪里，看到了什么，而应该多考虑一些经历如何改变了他们)”可知，本段的主旨是回忆难忘的经历，C选项中life experiences对应后文experience。故C选项“回忆你最难忘的生活经历”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Quite often, metaphors are effective in framing key messages in college application essays. If you have identified themes or messages to be explained in your application, think about moments of revelation that speak to the bigger picture: What were you feeling at the time How did you react (很多时候，在大学申请文书中，隐喻是构建关键信息的有效方法。如果你已经确定了要在你的申请中解释的主题或信息，那么想想那些能说明大局的启示时刻：你当时的感受是什么？你有什么反应？)”可知，后文提到大学申请文书中的隐喻，即本段的主旨是在过往的故事经历中找寻隐含的故事。故A选项“在故事中找到故事”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“What were you feeling at the time How did you react (你当时的感受是什么？你有什么反应？)”可知，本句与上文的问题并列，都是关于启示时刻的反思问题。故G选项“那次经历对你如何看待自己有什么影响？”符合语境，故选G。