Module 7 Unit 2 It is still read and loved. 重点知识归纳和语法 讲解练习（含答案）

Module 7
Unit 2It is still read and loved.
知识点01The story is set in the town of St Petersburg, Missouri, the US, in the nineteenth century. 故事以19世纪美国密苏里州圣彼得堡镇为背景。
【考点1】be set in意为“以……为背景”，是被动语态。如：
The novel is set in France in the early 19th century. 这部小说以19世纪初的法国为背景。
知识点02Tom, the hero of the book, lives with his aunt Polly. He is a lively and clever boy. 书的主人公汤姆和他的波莉阿姨一起生活。他是一个活泼聪明的男孩。
【考点2】【辨析】lively，alive，living与live的用法辨析：
①lively形容词，意为“生动的，活泼的；轻快的；有生气的”，可修饰人或物，在句中可作表语、定语、宾语补足语。如：
The music is lively. 这个音乐是欢快的。（表语）
He’s a lively and clever young boy. 他是一个活泼聪明的小男孩。（定语）
②alive形容词，意为“活着的；在世的”， 可修饰人或物，作表语、宾语补足语或后置定语，alive的反义词是dead。如：
The old man is still alive. 那老人还活着。（表语）
We found him still alive. 我们发觉他还活着。（宾语补足语）
Tom is the only one alive in the war. 汤姆是唯一一个在战争中活着的士兵。（后置定语）
③living形容词，意为“活着的”，可修饰人或物，主要作前置定语、表语或用于the后表示一类人。如：
Is his father still living 他的父亲还健在吗？（表语）
Both plants and animals are living things. 植物和动物都是生物。（前置定语）
The living must finish the work of those dead. 活着的人必须完成那些死去人的事业。
The wildness is a living museum of natural history. 这片荒野是一座活生生的自然历史博物馆。
④live［liv］动词，意为“活着，生活，居住”；［laiv］形容词，意为“现场直播的，实况转播的；活生生的；有生命的”，通常修饰物，不修饰人，常用来作前置定语。如：
live broadcast 现场广播；live TV show 实况转播电视表演。
The cat caught a live mouse. 那只猫抓到一只活老鼠。
知识点03He does not like people telling him what to do. 他不喜欢人们告诉他做什么。
【考点3】what to do 意为“做什么”，为“疑问词+不定式”结构，相当于一个名词，在句中作宾语。“疑问词+不定式”结构，相当于一个名词，在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。不同的疑问词所表达的意思不同，只有why不能用于这一结构中；可与宾语从句互相转换。如：
I don’t know where to go. (where to go 作宾语) 我不知道去哪里。
The question is who to do it. (who to do it 作表语) 问题时谁能去做这件事。
How to do it is still a question. (how to do 作主语) 该怎样做仍旧是个问题。
We all know what to do. = We all know what we should do. 我们都知道我们应该做什么。
We all know what to do. = We all know what we should do. 我们都知道我们应该做什么。
知识点04He does not like people telling him what to do, so he always gets into trouble. 他不喜欢人们告诉他做什么，所以他总是遇到麻烦。
【考点4】gets into trouble意为“陷入困境；惹上/遇上麻烦”，强调动作；be in trouble意为“处于困境中；遇到麻烦”，强调状态。如：
Who will I call if I get into trouble 一旦陷入麻烦，我可以向谁寻求帮助？
Can’t you stop your son from getting into trouble？你能不能制止你儿子别惹上麻烦
If you get into trouble, I’ll step out and help you out. 如果你遇到麻烦，我一定站出来帮助你走出困境。
【拓展】与trouble搭配的常用短语或句式：ask for trouble自寻烦恼；be in trouble处于困境中；遇到麻烦；get sb. into trouble使某人陷入困境；get (sb.) out of trouble (使某人)摆脱困境，逃离困境；have trouble doing sth.做某事有困难；What’s your trouble =What’s the trouble with you 你怎么了
知识点05He and his best friend, Huck Finn, run away to an island in the middle of the Mississippi River. 他和他最好的朋友哈克 芬恩逃到密西西比河中部的一个岛上。
【考点5】run away意为“逃走；逃跑”，是不及物动词短语，后接宾语时，要加介词to或from，“run away to+地点”，意为“逃到……；跑到……”；“run away from”意为“从……逃离/走/跑”。
The thief ran away quickly. 小偷迅速逃跑了
The prisoner has run away to the back of the hill. 囚犯往后山跑去了。
The thief had run away when the policemen came. 警察来时小偷已经跑了。
They ran away from the terrible house quickly. 他们很快逃离了那座可怕的房子。
【拓展】与run搭配的常用短语：run across偶然遇到；run after追赶；run into撞上；run out用尽；用完。
知识点06Later, Tom escapes from a cave with another friend, Becky. He also finds Injun Joe’s treasure box and takes it away. 后来，汤姆和另一位朋友贝基逃出山洞。他还找到了印第安人乔的宝盒并把它带走了。
【考点6】escape 在本句中是不及物动词，意为“逃跑，逃走”，常与from/out of连用，构成escape from/out of意为“从……逃离/走/跑；逃脱”，相当于run away from；escape 还可用作及物动词动词，意为“逃离；逃脱”，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不用于被动语态，escape (doing) sth.意为“逃避(做)某事”。如：
Three prisoners have escaped. 三名犯人逃走了。
The bird escaped from the cage yesterday. 昨天鸟从笼子里跑了。
He escaped being hurt in the accident. 他没在那次事故中受伤。
Cindy succeeded in escaping from the burning building. 辛迪成功地从燃烧着的建筑物里逃了出来。
知识点07At first, they are happy. But when they hear that everyone thinks they are dead, they feel very sorry, so they come back home. 起初，他们很高兴。但是当他们听说大家都以为他们死了时，他们感到很难过，所以他们回家了。
【考点7】【辨析】dead，die，death与dying的用法辨析：四个词都与“死”有关。
①dead 是形容词，意为“死的”，表示状态，常用着表语或定语，be dead可以和表示时间段的状语连用。如：
They found many dead birds on the beach. 在沙滩上，他们发现很多死鸟。
This is a dead dog. 这是一条死(了的)狗。// He has been dead for two years. 他死了有两年了。
②die意为“死，死亡”，是短暂性动词，不能和表示时间段的状语连用。如果要表示“死了多长时间”可用be dead。如：
误：He has died for ten years. 他死了有十年了。正：He died ten years ago. 他十年前死了。
正：He has been dead for ten years. 他死了有十年了。
③death是名词，意为“死，死亡”。表示某人之死时，是不可数名词；表示“多少人之死”时，是可数名词。如：
His death makes everyone sad. 他的死使得每一个人都悲伤。
It is reported that the traffic accident caused (导致) five deaths. 据报道说交通事故导致了五人死亡。
④dying 是动词die的-ing形式，也是形容词，意为“快要死的，垂死的”，常作表语或定语。如：
The fish is dying slowly. 那条鱼正慢慢地死去。
The doctors are trying to save the dying soldiers. 医生们正在尽力挽救垂死的士兵。
知识点08They hide and watch for a time when they see their family and neighbours coming to their funeral in the church. 当他们看到他们的家人和邻居们来到教堂的葬礼上时，他们藏起来看了一会。
【考点8】for a time意为“一小段时间；一度；一时”。如：
He lived for a time in Spain. 他在西班牙住过一段时期。
For a time, the little boy lived with his uncle. 小男孩和他的叔叔住过一段时间。
I worked at a high-school library for a time. 我在一个中学图书馆工作了一段时间。
Mr. Black lived for a time in the house next to ours. 布莱克先生在我们的房子的旁边的房子住了一段时间。
【考点9】【辨析】see sb do sth 和see sb doing sth的用法辨析：
①see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事”。强调看见了事情的全过程，动作已经结束，或“看见某人经常做某事”，是省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。类似用法的有hear/watch /notice sb. do sth.等。如：
I often see him run in the morning. 我经常看见他早上跑步。
I saw the teacher get on the bus. 我看见老师上了车。
I saw her go into the classroom. 我看见她走进了教室。
I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调“我看见了”这个事实)
②see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”。强调看见的动作正在进行。此处是现在分词作宾语补足语。类似用法的有hear/watch/notice sb. doing sth.等。如：
I saw him running this morning when I walked past the park. 我今天早上经过公园的时候，看见他正在跑步。
I saw her lying there. 我看见她躺在那儿。
I saw her cleaning the classroom. 我看到她正在打扫教室。
I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调“我见他正干活”这个动作）
知识点09Everyone is surprised to see them at first, but very pleased to find that they are alive. 刚开始，大家看到他们都很惊讶，但是发现他们还活着(每个人都)很高兴。
【考点10】be surprised to do sth. 意为“对做某事感到惊讶”，动词不定式作原因状语，主语是人，surprised 是形容词，意为“惊奇的；惊讶的”；surprising意为“令人惊奇的”，在句中可作表语或定语，主语是物或修饰物。如：
We are surprised to see him here. 看到他在这里，我们都很惊讶。
We are very surprised to hear the news. 听到这消息，我们感到很惊讶。
Everyone was surprised to see the wonderful movie. 每个人看到这个精彩的电影都很惊讶。
We’re surprised to get the surprising news from him. 从他那里得知这个惊人的消息我们很惊讶。
【拓展】与surprised有关的短语：be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶/吃惊；in surprise吃惊地，惊奇地；to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是，常常放在句首。如：
I was surprised at his answer. 我对他的回答感到吃惊。
She looked at her mother in surprise. 她吃惊地看着她的妈妈。
To my surprise, they invited Mike to the party as well. 令我吃惊的是，他们也邀请迈克去参加聚会。
【考点11】be pleased to do sth.意为“很高兴地做某事”，动词不定式作原因状语。be pleased with+sb./sth.意为“对某人/物满意”。如：
I am very pleased to see your progress. 看到你的进步我很高兴。
We are very pleased to make friends with you. 我们很高兴和你交朋友。
The teacher is pleased with you. 老师对你很满意。
【考点12】alive是形容词，意为“活着的”，在句中主要作表语，也可作宾语补足语或定语，作定语时，alive只能位于被修饰的名词之后。如：
It can’t keep him alive. 他不能靠这个活下去。(作宾语补足语)
We don’t know whether he is alive. 我们不知道他是否还活着。(作表语)
He is the greatest poet alive. 他是还在世的最伟大的诗人。(作后置定语)
I caught a bird alive in the tree. 我在树上抓了一只活着的小鸟。(作后置定语)
The elephant was still breathing, so we knew it was still alive. 大象还在呼吸，因此我们知道它仍然是活着的。
知识点10It is more than an adventure story. Mark Twain wrote it in 1876. It describes people’s lives in the southern states of America at that time. 它不仅仅是一个冒险故事。马克·吐温是在1876年写的这个故事。它描写了那时美国南部各州人们的生活。
【考点13】more than 意为“不只是；不仅仅是”，后跟名词。如：
His report is more than a survey. 他的报告不只是一份调查。
He is more than a writer. He is also a poet. 他不仅仅是一位作家，他还是一位诗人。
【考点14】southern是形容词，意为“南方的；在南边的；来自南边的”，位于名词前作定语，其名词形式为south，意为“南边，南方”。 southern是由名词south加后缀-ern而构成的。类似以-ern为后缀的形容词还有：eastern在东边的；来自东边的；northern北方的；western西方的。如：
She lives in southern Italy. 他住在意大利南部。
The southern part of this city is very beautiful. 这座城市的南部很美丽。
知识点11It tells how young people grow, how people love each other and how bad people pay for their actions. 它讲述了年轻人如何成长，人们如何彼此关爱以及坏人如何为他们的行为受到惩罚的故事。
【考点15】how young people grow, how people love each other and how bad people pay for their actions. 特殊疑问句作宾语从句，其结构：疑问词how +陈述语序。如：
Could you tell me how I can get to the post office 你能告诉我们我怎样到达邮局吗？
【考点16】【辨析】pay，take，cost与spend的用法辨析：
①pay意为“支付、付款、赔偿”，主语通常是人，常与介词for连用。
●sb. pays some money for sth. 意为“某人花多少金钱买某物”。如：
I paid $ 5 for the shirt. 这件衬衫我付了5美元。// I paid 20 dollars for the coat. 我花了20美元买这件外套。
●sb. pay (sb.) money for sth. 意为“某人买某物付给某人多少金钱”。如：
He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine. 他买药已付医生50英镑。
②take用作“花费”时，常用于以下句型：
●It takes/took+sb.+time+to do sth.“做某事花了某人多少时间”，It是形式主语，真正的主语为to do sth.
It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年的时间修完了这条路。
●doing sth. takes sb.+时间“做某事花了某人多少时间”。如：
Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。
③cost其主语是物、事情或用it作形式主语，宾语可以是钱、时间等，意为“价钱为；花费；值”等。常用句型：
●sth.+cost+money. 意为“某物花了多少金钱”。如：
This new computer costs a lot of money. 这台新电脑花费许多笔钱。
●sth+cost+sb.+money/time 意为“某事物花了某人多少时间/金钱”。 如：
Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词.
●it+costs+sb.+money/time to do sth. 意为“做某事花了某人多少时间/金钱”。 如：
It will cost you over 1,000 yuan to fly to Beijing. 乘飞机去北京要花费你1,000多元 。
④spend其主语是人，宾语可以是金钱、时间、精力等，意为“度过”、“花费”，常用于以下两种句型：
●sb.+spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth. 意为“某人花费时间/金钱做某事”。如：
Jim spends too much time playing computer games. 吉姆花太多时间玩电脑游戏。
●sb.+spend+时间/金钱+on sth. 意为“某人在某方面花费时间/金钱”。如：
Lucy often spends her money on fine clothes. 露西经常把钱花在漂亮衣服上。
知识点12It is written in everyday English, and the dialogues sound especially real. 它是用日常英语写成的，对话听起来特别真实。
【考点17】【辨析】everyday与every day的用法辨析：
①everyday是形容词，意为“日常的；普通的”，在句中作定语。如：
Playing basketball is part of his everyday life. 打篮球是他日常生活的一部分。
The Internet has become part of our everyday life. 互联网已成为我们日常生活的一部分。
②every day是副词短语，意为“每天，天天”，在句中作状语。
That’s true. I read news on the Internet every day. 这是真的，我每天看互联网的新闻。
Lisa keeps on learning some everyday English every day. 丽莎坚持每天都学一些日常英语。
知识点13Today, it is still read and loved by people all over the world, and it is thought to be one of the greatest American stories. 如今，它仍被全世界的人阅读和喜爱，并且它被认为是最伟大的美国小说之一。
【考点18】It is thought to be...意为“人们认为……”，是被动语态的固定句式，相当于People think...，其主动形式为“think...to be...”。类似的结构还有：It is said to be...“据说……”；It is believed to be...“人们相信……”。如：
He is thought to be a kind man. 他被认为是一个善良的人
Mark Twain is thought to be one of the greatest writers. 马克吐温被认为是一位最伟大的作家之一。
He is said to be the richest man in the world. 据说他是世界上最富有的人。
At 115, Mrs. Jackson is believed to be the oldest person in the country. 115岁高龄的杰克逊夫人被认为是该国最长寿的人。
【考点19】“one of+(the/形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+形容词最高级)+名词复数/代词复数”意为“(最)……中的一个”。如果作主语，中心词是one，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如：
She is one of the best students in our class. 她是我们班里最好的学生之一。
One of my questions is how to learn English well. 我的一个问题是怎样学好英语。
One of the oldest students is English in his class. 他的班级中最大的学生之一是英国人。
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1．Finish reading the (对话)and fill in the blanks.
2．We should be friendly to (邻居)．
3．People are glad to know the boy is still (活着的)after the terrible earthquake.
4．Many people came to the famous scientist's (葬礼)and they were all very sad.
5．Linda practises (日常的)English twice a week.
【答案】1.dialogue2.neighbours3.alive4.funeral5.everyday/daily
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1．I was surprised to find the cat (die)．
2．How many (state)are there in America
3．I (pay)ten yuan for the book just now.
4．Let us put our plan into (act)．
5．My parents have lived in the (south)part of the town since they came here.
【答案】1.dead2.states3.paid4.action5.southern
Ⅲ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
look for；run away；get into trouble；
be pleased with；be surprised to
1．—I am sure I will help you if you some day.
—Thank you very much.
2．The TV play Prison Break(《越狱》)is about some people from the prison.
3．When the middle aged man got to the station，he find that he had lost his wallet.
4．—What are you ，Jack
—My glasses.I don't remember where I put them when I had a nap at noon.
5．Professor Jackson is strict with us，but he our performance this time.
【答案】1.get into trouble 2. running away 3. was surprised to 4. looking for 5. is pleased with
题组B 能力提升练
A．用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次，每空一词。
1．Who was the most famous scientist in the __ __ century
2．I asked my __ __ for help last night.
3．The bird from the cage last night.
4．Mary is from a city.
5．My cat has been for several months.
【答案】1.nineteenth2.neighbours3.escaped4.southern5.dead
B．根据短文内容和括号内所给汉语意思，写出空白处各单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
Boys and girls，what kind of books do you like reading？A classic __6__(小说)in the USA stands out by talking about real life problems.To Kill a Mockingbird(《杀死一只知更鸟》)is a Pulitzer Prize winning book written by Harper Lee.
The __7__(众所周知的)American writer died in February 2016 at the age of 89.We can remember Lee，who has affected people's __8__(日常的)life greatly，through her writing，especially in To Kill a Mockingbird. She wrote about many important things like how to think about race(种族)problems in it.
Harper Lee started enjoying reading and writing in high school.To Kill a Mockingbird is her first book，which came out in 1960.She was __9__(惊奇的)to find that the book became popular right away.
Lee's life inspired her book a lot.Her father was much like Atticus Finch，the main character of the book.And it's a story of a young girl growing up in a __10__(南方的)town.She learns about race problems and civil rights(民权)．And a lot of similarities(相似性)__11__(在……之间)the young girl and young Harper Lee have been found out by readers.
In 1991，a __12__(评论)showed that people's life had been__13__(影响)greatly by To Kill a Mockingbird.After this book，Lee tried to stay out of the media and live a quiet life.
Now，though she is __14__(死的)，she is still __15__(活着的)in people's hearts all over the world.
【答案】
6．novel7.well known8.everyday 9．surprised10.southern11.between12．review13.influenced14.dead15．alive
题组C 培优拔尖练
Amanda Kitts is one of “tomorrow’s people”—people who have artificial (人工的) body parts. She has a bionic(电子操控的)arm.
Now, Kitts runs a day-care center. Children run up to her happily as she comes into the classroom. She bends over to talk with a small girl. As she bends, Kitts puts her hands on her knees. For most people, this would be easy. However, just a few years ago, this was impossible for Kitts.
In 2006, Kitts was in a car accident. A truck crushed(挤坏) her left arm and the doctor had to cut it off. “I was angry, sad, depressed. I just couldn’t accept it,” she says. But then she heard about a new technique that could use the remaining nerves(神经) in her shoulder to control an artificial arm.
In a difficult operation, a doctor moved Kitts’s nerves to different areas of her upper-arm muscles. For months, the nerves grew. Millimeter by millimeter, they moved deeper into their new homes. “At three months I started feeling little tingles and twitches(刺痛和抽搐),”she said. A month later, she got her first bionic arm. A research engineer worked with Kitts to make the computer programs match her real movements more and more closely.
Today, Kitts’s arm is great, but it’s not yet perfect. She wants feeling in her hands. For example, she needs to feel whether something is rough or smooth. She also needs feeling to do one of her favorite things—drink coffee. “The problem with a paper coffee cup is that my hand will close until it gets a solid grip,” she says. One time at a coffee shop, her hand kept closing until it crushed the cup. But Kitts says positively, ”One day I ll be able to feel things with it...and clap my hands...to the songs my kids are singing.”
1.What is the difference between Kitts and normal people
A.She has a bionic arm.
B.She can bend.
C.She can put her hands on her knees.
2.Kitts got her first bionic arm 　　　after the difficult operation.
A.almost three months
B.over one month
C.more than four months
3.Kitts is able to 　　　with her bionic hand.
A.clap her hands
B.hold thing
C.feel rough or smooth things
4.Kitts’s attitude toward her new arm is　　　.
A.positive　　　　　B.angry　　　　　C.perfect
5.Choose the right order of the events.
①Kitts heard about a new technique.
②Kitts crushed a paper coffee cup.
③Kitts had two human arms.
④A truck hit Kitts s car.
⑤Kitts got her first bionic arm.
⑥Doctors moved some of the nerves in Kitts’s arm.
A.④-①-⑥-⑤-②-③
B.③-④-⑤-①-②-⑥
C.③-④-①-⑥-⑤-②
1.【答案】A　
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的She has a bionic(电子操控的)arm.可知,她有一个仿生手臂。故选A。
2.【答案】C　
【解析】细节理解题。由第四段的叙述可知,一共是四个多月,故选C。
3.【答案】B　
【解析】细节理解题。根据短文的最后一段的The problem with a paper coffee cup is that my hand will close until it gets a solid grip和其下文内容可知,Amanda kitts的仿生手臂可以拿东西,但是不能拍手和感受粗糙或光滑的东西。故选B。
4.【答案】A　
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的But Kitts says positively, “One day I ll be able to feel things with it...and clap my hands...to the songs my kids are singing” 可知Amanda kitts的态度很积极乐观。故选A。
5.【答案】C　
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章内容可知事件的正确顺序是③④①⑥⑤②。故选择C。