Module 8Unit 2 He was invited to competitions around the world.重点知识归纳和语法 讲解练习（含答案）

Module 8
Unit 2He was invited to competitions around the world.
知识点01Liu Xiang was not a successful sportsman at first. 一开始刘翔并不是一名成功的运动员。
【考点1】successful是形容词，意为“成功的”，常用搭配be successful in...意为“在……方面成功”。→success是名词，意为“成功的事或人；成功，胜利”（既可做可数名词，意为“成功的事或人”，也可做不可数名词，意为“成功，胜利”）。→successfully是副词，意为“成功地”。→succeed是动词，意为“成功”，常用搭配be succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做成某事”。如：
If you really want to be a successful musician, just go for it! 如果你真的想成为一个成功的音乐家，那就去争取吧！
The movie was a great success. 这部电影很成功。
Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。
Tom was operated successfully by the doctor. 医生给汤姆做的手术很成功。
They succeeded in swimming across the river. 他们成功地游过了这条河。
【考点2】【辨析】at first与first of all的区别：
①at first意为“最初，一开始”，暗示后来情况有变化。如：
At first they considered me as a doctor. 起初他们认为我是医生。
Although/Though Kevin is alone, he is very happy at first. 尽管凯文独自一人(在家)，但他刚开始还是挺高兴的。
②first of all意为“首先”，强调要谈到的第一件事，用来叙述事物的顺序。如：
First of all, let me tell you the news. 首先，让我告诉你这个消息。
First of all, I must take these magazines to the library. 首先，我必须把这些杂志带到图书馆。
知识点02He was born in Shanghai on 13th July 1983, and started training when he was very young. 他于1983年7月13日出生于上海，当他很年轻的时候就开始训练。
【考点3】on，in与at表示时间的用法辨析：
①on用在具体的某一天（如星期、日期或节日）或者某一天的上午、下午或晚上前。如：
on Monday；on the morning of June 1st；on a cold day；on Monday；on July 1st；on Sunday morning 等。
②in用在世纪，季节，年，月，周或某一日中的上午、下午、晚上前。如：
in summer；in 2013；in May；in winter；in the morn ing；in the afternoon；in the evening；in three days等。
③at用在某个时刻（几点钟）或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。如：
at 7:00；at dawn(黎明)；at noon；at dusk(黄昏)；at midnight等。
【拓展】this, that, last, next, every, yesterday, tomorrow等词用在morning, afternoon, night及星期的七个词前一律不能加介词。如：I went to Hangzhou last Sunday. 我上周去了杭州。
知识点03Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump. 期初，刘被鼓励训练调高。
【考点4】be encouraged to do sth. 意为“被鼓励做某事”，是被动语态；encourage作动词，意为“鼓励；激励”，其过去式和过去分词均为encouraged，现在分词为encouraging；常用短语为encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”。如：
I was encouraged to work hard and prepare for the exam carefully. 我被鼓励努力学习并用心准备考试。
Ms Wang always encourages us to speak English in class. 我们总是被（王老师）鼓励在课上讲英语。
知识点04In 1998, Liu Xiang’s ability in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping, who later became his coach. 在1998年刘翔跨栏赛跑的能力被孙海平注意到了，孙海平后来成为他的教练。
【考点5】ability是名词，意为“能力，才能”，其反义词是inability意为“无能力，无能为力”。常用搭配one’s ability in... 意为“某人在……方面的能力”；the ability to do sth. 意为“做某事的能力”；to the best of one’s ability意为“竭尽全力”。如：
I don’t have the ability to say “no”.“不”字我说不出口。
She has great ability in playing the piano. 她在演奏钢琴方面很有才能。
知识点05In 2001, a special programme was set up to help young sportsmen and sportswomen. 2001年创立了一个特殊的项目，用来帮助年轻运动员。
【考点6】set up动词短语，意为“设立；创办”，set up既可指建立某种物体，也可指成立某个组织。set的过去式和过去分词都为set，其被动形式为be set up“被设立；被创办”；set up还表示“制订(计划等)”。该短语为“动词+副词”构成的短语，宾语是代词只能放中间，宾语是名词既可放中间，也可放后面。如：
She plans to set up her own company. 她计划创办自己的公司。
A new government was set up after the war. 新政府于战后成立。
【辨析】set up，found与build的用法辨析：
①set up意为“设立；创办”，set up与found同义，常常和表示组织、机构、团体、国家等意义的名词连用，但是found更着重“打基础”。如：
The government set up a working party to look into the problem. 政府成立了工作组来调查这个问题。
The company wants to set up a school for the poor children. 这个公司想为贫穷的孩子们建立一所学校。
They founded a school for the blind. 他们创办了一亿盲人学校。
The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于是1949年。
②build意为“建设，建造”，是最普通的用词，常指房屋、桥梁、道路等，也可用于广义。如：
They built many buildings in the city. 他们在这个城市建了很多楼房。
We are building socialism with China’s style. 我们正在建设具有中国特色的社会主义。
知识点06Liu Xiang was among them. His races were recorded, and he was compared with the world’s best sports stars. 刘翔就在他们之中。他的赛跑被记录，并且他被和世界上最好的体育明星作比较。
【考点7】【辨析】among与between的用法辨析：
①among意为“在……中间”，一般表示在三个或三个以上的人或物之间，其宾语通常是表示笼统数量或具有复数意义的名词或代词。如：
The teacher sat among the children. 老师坐在孩子们中间。
My grandpa has a house among the trees. 我爷爷有一座房子在树林中。
②between意为“在……之间”，一般表示在两者之间，其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词，或者是由and连接两个具体的人或物，有时候也可以表示三个或三个以上的人或物中的每两个之间。如：
I am sitting between my parents. 我正坐在我父母中间。
I am sitting between Mike and Tom. 我坐在迈克和汤姆中间。
【考点8】record作动词，意为“记录”。record也可用作可数名词，意为“记录”。常用搭配set a record意为“创造纪录”；break the record意为“打破纪录”；hold the record意为“保持纪录”。如：
Remember to record the sunrise with the camera. 记得用相机把日出的过程记录下来。
She set a record which others can hardly approach. 她创造了别人望尘莫及的记录。
【考点9】be compared with被(拿来)与……相比较（是compare…with…的被动结构）。如：
Don’t compare me with other students. 不要把我和其他学生相比较。
My composition is compared with his. 我的作文被拿来和他的作比较。
【辨析】compare…with…，compare…to…与compared with/to...的用法辨析：
①compare…with…意为“拿……和……作比较；把……与……相比”（同类相比）。如：
Mr. Wu likes to compare Class Three with Class Five. 吴老师喜欢拿三班和五班作比较。
The teacher are always comparing me with my elder sister. 老师们总是那我和姐姐作比较。
They compared the first map with the second one carefully. 他们仔细地比较了第一张地图和第二张地图。
②compare…to…意为“把……比做……”（异类相比，比喻）。如：
People often compare a teacher to a candle. 人们常把老师比作蜡烛。
We usually compare the nurses to the white angels. 我们通常把护士比喻成白衣天使。
③compared with/to...意为“和……相比”，该短语通常要求与其他词语组成独立状语，放在句首。如：
Compared with/to other cities, I think Guilin is more beautiful. 和其他城市相比，我认为北京更漂亮。
Compared with/to last year, we have had more success this year. 与去年相比，我们今年有更多的成功。
知识点07Sun Haiping used the information to change his training methods for Liu Xiang. 孙海平用这些信息改变对刘翔的训练方法。
【考点10】use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”。其被动语态为be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”。如：
We can use the sun to heat. 我们可以用太阳来取暖。
We use the lift to go up and down. 我们用电梯来上下楼。
【考点11】method是可数名词，意为“方法，办法”，常用搭配a method of doing sth.意为“做某事的方法”；with this method意为“用这种方法”。如：
He invented a new method of teaching English. 他发明了一种新的英语教学方法。
We found a new method of solving the problem. 我们找到了一个解决这个问题的新方法。
知识点08In 2004, he won the first Olympic gold medal for China in the 110m hurdles race, and at the same time broke the Olympic Games record. 在2004年，他为中国赢得了第一枚110米跨栏比赛的奥运会金牌，并且同时打破了奥运会记录。
【考点12】break the record意为“打破记录”。break意为“打破”，它的过去式为broke，过去分词为broken。如：
She broke the world record in women’s high jump. 她打破了女子跳高的世界纪录。
Jim broke the school record in the sports meeting last week. 吉姆在上周的校运会上打破了学校记录。
知识点09From 2008 on, he suffered a lot from his foot problem, but he did not give up. 从2008年开始，他饱受脚伤的折磨，但是他没有放弃。
【考点13】from...on意为“从……起”，常常与一般过去时连用。如：
I will study hard from now on. 从现在起我将努力学习。
They became good friend from 2012 on. 从2012年起，他们成为好朋友。
【考点14】suffer from意为“受（某种病痛）折磨，因……而受苦”，强调原因，后跟表示疾病的名词或表示不愉快事情的名词。suffer是动词，意为“患有(疾病)；经受”；其名词形式为sufferring，意为“痛苦；折磨”。如：
He suffers from headache all day long. 他整天头痛。
This kind of medicine can stop many people suffering from cancer. 这种药能使很多人免受癌症折磨。
This war has caused wide-spread human sufferring. 这场战争给人们带来了许多的痛苦。
知识点10It is a pity that his foot problem stopped him from completing the 2012 London Olympic Games. 遗憾的是，他的脚伤阻止了他完成2012年伦敦奥运会。
【考点15】it’s a pity that ...意为“很遗憾……；遗憾的是……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句,that从句常用一般过去时。如：
It’s a pity that he didn’t accept the job. 他没有接受那份工作真可惜。
It’s a pity that he didn’t see the movie yesterday. 很遗憾他没有看昨天的电影。
【考点16】stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。同义短语：keep sb./sth. from doing sth.或prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.。【注意】在主动语态中只有keep…from…中的from不可以省略（因为keep…doing表示“使……不断做某事”）；在被动语态中，三个from均不可以省略。如：
I couldn’t stop myself (from) laughing. 我忍不住大笑起来。
We were prevented/stopped/kept from entering the meeting room. 我们被阻止进入会场。
The policeman stopped the children (from) playing football in the street. 警察制止孩子们在街上踢球。
知识点11But he is still a symbol of courage and success, and we continue to take great pride in him. 但是他仍然是勇气和成功的象征，并且我们继续以他为骄傲。
【考点17】a symbol of意为“……的标志/象征”。如：
The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。
Green has always been a symbol of peace in the world. 在世界上，绿色一向象征和平。
【考点18】【辨析】continue to do sth.与continue doing sth.的用法辨析：
①continue to do sth. 意为“继续去做某事”。表示继续去做与目前所做的事情不同的另一件事情。如：
I continued to write my book when I had finished my homework. 我做完作业后继续写书。(做的不是同一件事情)
After reading Lesson Nine，he continued to read Lesson Ten. 读完第九课后他继续读第十课。(做的不是同一件事情)
②continue doing sth. 意为“继续做原来的事”。如：
He continued reading Lesson Ten. 他继续读第十课。（继续做的是同一件事情）
I continued writting my book after a short rest. 短暂的休息后我继续写书。（继续做的是同一件事情）
【考点19】take pride in意为“以……为骄傲/自豪；为……感到自豪”，其同义短语为be proud of，在该短语中pride前可用great等词修饰，表示程度；pride是不可数名词，意为“自豪感；骄傲”，常用短语为the pride of sth.意为“值得骄傲的事”；pride的形容词形式为proud，意为“骄傲的；自豪的”。如：
I take pride in my hometown. 我以我的家乡为傲。
My mother takes pride in me. 我妈妈为我而感到骄傲。
The mother takes great pride in / is very proud of her children’s success. 这位母亲为自己的孩子取得的成功感到无比骄傲。
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
at the same time；in fact；set up；
return to；suffer from
，I am not interested in learning to play the piano but my mother wants me to do so.
2．Lucy and Lily always get up ．
3．—When will you your home town
—Next month.
4．David Burt's dream in China is to go into the west and an early childhood school there.
5．People in that area cold and hunger due to the bad weather last year.
【答案】1. In fact2.at the same time3.return to4.set up5.suffered from
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1．He can speak an (Asia)language.
2．Tom used the radio (listen)to English.
3．Something must be done to stop H7N9 from (spread)again.
4．The singers in the CCTV talent show Sing My Song have the (able)to write songs.
5．I'm glad to find that many trees (plant)in our city last year.
6．He stood in front of us and a gold medal was (hang)round his neck.
7．At first，he was not very (success)in the field of science.
8．Liu Xiang's races (record)，and he was compared with the world's best sports stars.
9．He was helped by his sports school (win)a gold medal.
10．The sportsman (break)the world's record last week.
【答案】1.Asian2.to listen3.spreading4.ability5.were planted6.hung7.successful8.were recorded
9.to win10.broke
题组B 能力提升练
A．用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。
1．Nick a job in a bank，but to our surprise，he didn't take it.
2．His cousin speaks Japanese very well，because he has studied in since 2008.
3．The snow stopped us from the trip last weekend.
4．The bridge two years ago.
5．The school gives the child a chance to show his special .
【答案】1.was offered2.Japan3.enjoying4.was built5.ability
B．根据短文内容和括号内所给汉语意思，写出空白处各单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
Dear Abby，
My name is James Brown.My brother is John Brown.He is eight years __6__(大)than me.
When John was in high school，he was very good at the 110m hurdles __7__(比赛)．He always got first place in the school sports meeting.Our parents took great __8__(骄傲)in him.At that time，nobody could __9__(打破)his record.Unluckily，John carelessly hurt his right leg one day.From then on，he __10__(经受)much from his leg problem.What was worse，the leg problem __11__(阻止)him from running again.
Now，I'm in high school.And I've noticed my ability in hurdling.Yesterday evening，I told my parents about my __12__(决定)to join the school hurdling club.They got really __13__(生气的)with me.They were afraid that I would get hurt like my brother.I think it's not __14__(公平的)to me.I really want to be a __15__(成员)of the club.Please give me your advice.I need your help.
Yours，
James Brown
【答案】6.older 7. race(s) 8. pride9.break 10. suffered 11. stopped12.decision 13. mad/angry 14. fair
15member
题组C 培优拔尖练
任务型阅读
Welcome to Sunshine Football Summer Camp in Los Angeles.We offer the best service and different kinds of camps that will meet everyone's needs and interests.
WE PROVIDE
● Improvement in your game.
● Great cultural experience.
● Private training program.
● Experienced coaches from top American colleges.
YOU CAN CHOOSE
Package #1 ($1000)
√7 nights' stay (3 meals provided, WIFI included).√20 hours of private football training.√Transport to and from Sports Center.√A half day tour around the city.
*This package is for players who are in pretty good condition.
Package #2 ($650)
√5 nights' stay(Breakfast provided，WIFI included).√10 hours of private football training.√Transport to and from Sports Center.
*This package is for players at all ages.
*Please note*
As for school leavers，we can provide you with a special price.
For more information you can email us at sunshinecamp@.
请根据宣传单内容，将以下的对话补充完整。每空一词。
Li Ming: Mum，I'd like to take part in a football training camp in LA.It has the best __1__ with rich experience，so my football skills can be improved.
Mum: OK.How long does it take
Li Ming: Well，it provides __2__ kinds of packages.Package 1 includes a 7 night stay and three meals，while Package 2，five nights' stay and only __3__.
Mum: How much are they
Li Ming: One is $1000，and the other is $650.I prefer Package 1.Although it's more __4__，I can have longer training time and it also offers a tour in the city.Besides，there is a special price for school __5__.
Mum: Sounds good!
【答案】1.coach/coaches2.two3.breakfast4．expensive5.leavers
Recently, a junior high school sent several students back home because they broke the school uniform(校服)rules. Should students wear school uniforms The Young World magazine held a discussion on this topic(话题).
Kennedy:The school uniform is very important, because it always reminds me that I am supposed to go out of my way to study hard. It also helps prevent school bullying(欺凌). If everyone wears the same clothes, it is impossible to laugh at other people’s clothing.
Manson:The uniform has to be earned(获得)through efforts. Students should start school with no uniforms. As they make progress at school, they start wearing it. I always think children need to be proud of their school. The uniform is important for that. So, make students earn it! If they don’t perform well, they should not be allowed to get one.
Moorhead:In my opinion, kids don’t have to wear uniforms. There should be more choices open to kids in education. They ought to develop their own independence and just be themselves. Their personalities would be expressed through their own clothes at school. And different dress could be one way of showing their understanding of beauty. Besides, they make the school lively and colorful.
Patrick:I can see the advantages of wearing school uniforms. They play a very important role in managing schools. However, a school should not depend heavily on uniforms to improve students’ behaviors. Teaching them how to express themselves with confidence(信心)is more important.
1.What does the writer mean to do in Paragraph 1
A.Present an opinion on a subject.
B.Introduce a topic for discussion.
C.Provide a way to solve problems.
2.What is Kennedy in the second paragraph
A.A student. B.A teacher. C.A parent.
3.In Manson’s opinion, 　　　.
A.students have the right to get school uniforms for free
B.students should be encouraged to earn school uniforms
C.students performing well needn’t wear school uniforms
4.According to Patrick, what is more important
A.Managing schools by uniforms.
B.Improving students’ behaviors.
C.Helping students express themselves confidently.
5.We can learn from the text that 　　　.
A.Kennedy can’t stand school uniforms
B.Moorhead is against school uniform rules
C.the writer holds the same opinion as Patrick’s
1.【答案】B　
【解析】推理判断题。本文为议论文,第一段引出论点,故答案为B。
2.【答案】A　
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的...it always reminds me that I am supposed to go out of my way to study hard可知,Kennedy是一名学生。故答案为A。
3.【答案】B　
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知,校服应通过努力换取。故答案为B。
4.【答案】C　
【解析】细节理解题。由文章结尾的最后一句话可知,教会他们如何自信地表达自我更重要。故答案为C。
5.【答案】B　
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句话可知,Moorhead认为孩子们不必穿校服,所以Moorhead对穿校服的规定是持反对意见的。故答案为B。
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