人教版(2019)选择性必修第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture Words and Expressions词汇讲解课件 (43张ppt)

(共43张PPT)
课前诵读
1. Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.
2. Life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.
3. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
4. There is a proven association between passive smoking and cancer.
5. Patience is the trick of doing this job well.
词
汇
讲
解
选择性必修二 Unit 3
1. __________ adj. 先前的; 优先的
→____________ n. 优先权; 首要事情
2. _____________ vi. 由……组成
→___________ adj. 一致的; 连续的
3. _____________ adj. 精美的; 讲究的; 文雅的
→___________ n. 优雅; 高雅
→___________ adv. 优美地
prior
consist
elegant
consistent
elegantly
priority
elegance
Step 1
4. _____________ prep. 除……之外
→_____________ adj. 特别的; 罕见的
→_____________ n. 例外
5. ______________ adj. 最小的; 最低(限度)的
n. 最小值; 最小量
→_____________ v. 最小化
6. _____________ vt. 吃; 喝; 饮; 消耗
→____________ n. 消费者; 顾客
→____________ n. 消耗; 消费
except
exceptional
minimum
consume
exception
minimize
consumer
consumption
7. ____________ adj. 稳定的; 稳重的
→___________ n. 稳定性
8. ____________ vt. 联系; 联想
→___________ n. 协会; 关联
9. ___________ adj. 适度的; 合理的
→___________ n. 适度; 合理
10. _______ n.诡计；把戏；诀窍
→ _______adj. 狡猾的；棘手的
stable
associate
association
moderate
moderation
stability
trick
tricky
本单元词汇梳理
1. prior 词块：
派生词：
2. consist 构成 词块：
3. pepper 词块：Sichuan pepper
stable 基本义：稳定的
反义词： ； 派生词：
4. temper 词块：lose / control one’s temper, good-tempered / bad-tempered
5. bold 大胆自信的；敢于冒险的 词块： 粗体地，加粗地
have priority over
consist with
在于；存在于
由...组成
与...一致/相符
consist in
consist of (= be composed of, be made up of)
prior to；
priority
在（做）某事之前
对...有优先权
Step 2
be consistent with
花椒
unstable
stability
in bold
6. stuff vt. 填满；把...塞进
n. 东西；物品
7. slice 基本义：薄片；词块：
名词动词化 词块：
8. onion 词块：spring / green onion
9. lamb 词块：lamb kebab
10. elegant 派生词：elegance
11. exceptional 词族：except, exception, exceptional, exceptionally
12. minimum 反义词：maximum；词块：at a minimum, a minimum of
stuff...with
be stuffed with
no exception
with the exception of
不例外
除了...
大葱
烤羊肉串
精美的；优雅的
a slice of
slice … off
13. consume 消耗 / 耗费；派生词：consumer, consumption
意为“吃；喝”时是正式用语，尤用于科技文体中
14. association association: 联系；联想；关联；交往；协会
associate:
基本义：联合、联系；词块：
词族：associate, associated, association
15. regardless regard (注意、关心) + -less (没有、无)
词块：不管；不顾
be consumed with
(某种情绪或念头)充满(内心)
in association with
regardless of
16. quantity 形近词：quality 质量
词块：a large quantity of / large quantities of, in quantity / in large quantities
a large quantity of +可数名词复数或不可数名词，该短语做主语时，谓语动词用
large quantities of +可数名词复数或不可数名词，该短语做主语时，谓语动词用
17. dairy 奶制的；乳制品；牛奶厂 形近词：diary 日记
18. moderation
moderate (适度的)
19. ideal 词块： 对于.....是理想的；
派生词：idealism, idealist
in moderation
be moderate in
单数
复数
moderate (适度的)
适度地；有节制地
在...上是适中的
be ideal for
20. fundamental 基础的；根本的；基本规律；根本法则
词块：对......是必要的、根本的
21. consistent 一致的 连续的 词块：
派生词：consistently；consistency
22. trick 诡计；把戏 熟词生义：技巧；诀窍
词块：
名词动词化:
23. overall over (从头至尾) + all (全部)
与......一致的
be consistent with sth
捉弄某人
play a trick on/play tricks on
欺骗某人做某事
骗取某人某物
trick sb. into doing
trick sb. out of sth.
be fundamental to
全面的/综合的；总体上/大致上
根据所给汉语，在空白处填入适当的单词或词块。
Up to 70% of your total body weight _________________________ _____________________________________（由……构成）water.
comprises / is comprised of
is made up of
/ consists of
正式用语
1. consist
Step 3 重点词汇用法巩固
consist in［正式用语］在于；存在于：
Happiness consists in contentment.
consist of 由……构成；由……组成：
The committee consists of ten members.
consist vi［不用于进行时和被动语态］
构成
adj（人、言行、文章等）前后一致的；始终如一的；连续的:
Make sure that the tenses are consistent.
be consistent with sth 与某物相一致；与某物相吻合：
What we say should be consistent with what we do.
词汇拓展
consistently adv 始终如一地；一贯地
一致的
consistent
2. stuff
n [U] 东西；物品：
Where’s all my stuff
vt 把……填（满）；给……填馅：
I stuffed a few clothes into a suitcase.
The pillow was stuffed with feathers.
名词动词化
thing 和 stuff 都可以表示“东西”
stuff是不可数名词，
thing 是可数名词。
and stuff
诸如此类的；等等
名词动词化（一）
写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. To make a ham sandwich, slice a piece of ham and then put it between two slices of bread. __________
2. What is the stuff which you have just stuffed into your suitcase
__________
3. The driver told the man who wasn’t wearing a seat belt that any passengers in the vehicle must belt up. __________
4. The TV station plans to junk the junk food ads in kids’ TV programmes.
__________
5. In the middle of the yard was a water pump where the four little girls pumped water for cooking, cleaning and watering the garden. __________
英语中有很多表示实物类的名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。
切
把……塞进
系
放弃 / 剔除
抽出（水等）
名词动词化（二）
写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. The salesman tricked the old lady out of her money by a trick. __________
2. It is your fault for not getting the job done well. How can you fault others
__________
3. He budgeted for buying a new car though he was on a tight budget.
__________
4. Who angled the mirror It is at an angle now! __________
5. They are on his side, but I’ll side with you on this question. __________
英语中有一些抽象名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。
欺骗
指责 / 找……的缺点
编预算
斜移
支持
消耗 / 耗费
3. consume
consume vt
消耗；耗费；消费：
Looking after the children, cooking and cleaning are time-consuming.
［正式用语］吃；喝：
Babies consume large amounts relative to their body weight.
［常用于被动语态］使充满：
He was consumed with guilt after the accident.
【词汇拓展】
consumer n [C] 消费者；用户；客户
consumption n [U] 消费（量）；消耗（量）
4. associationNBA联赛是由美国“国家篮球协会（the National BasketballAssociation）”创办的比赛，是由北美30支职业球队组成的男子职业篮球联盟，是美国四大职业体育联盟之一。其中诞生了如：迈克尔·乔丹、科比·布莱恩特、姚明等传奇球星。(associate + -ion)associate v
vt 把……联想 / 联系起来
We tend to associate fresh air with health care. 2019 全国
vi 交往；结交
I don’t like you associating with such people.
associate
■ n [C] 同事 (colleague)；（生意）伙伴：
business associates
■ adj 副的 an associate editor / professor
associated adj 有关的；相关的；有联系的；联合的：
Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people.
association n
[C] 联系；联想：
There is a proven association between passive
smoking and cancer.
[C] & [U]（与人或团体的）关联；交往：
His English improved rapidly because of his association with British people.
We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless.
[C] 协会；联盟；社团：
the National Basketball Association (NBA)
协会
associate & association 语义网络图
在脑海中“联合”人或物
“联合”人际关系
把……联想 / 联系起来
交往；结交
associate
联合
（基本义）
协会；联盟；社团
（与人或团体的）关联；交往
联系；联想
associate
association
adj 基础的；根本的；十分重大的：
Fresh air is fundamental to good health.
n [C]［常用复数］基本规律 / 原理；根本法则；基础：
the fundamentals of mathematics
基础的；根本的
5. fundamental
将句子译成英语。
勤奋工作是成功所必需的。
Hard work ____________________________ success.
is essential to
/ is fundamental to
6. trick
trick or treat意思是不给糖就捣蛋，指的是万圣节的时候，孩子们要糖果等礼物，如果不遂愿就要搞恶作剧。
万圣节（Halloween）是在每年的11月1日，是西方传统的节日，每当万圣节来临时，小孩都会装扮成各种可爱的鬼怪挨家挨户地敲门，要求获得糖果，否则就会捣乱。
trick
■ n [C]
诡计；花招；恶作剧：
If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might
play a trick on them.
戏法；把戏：
perform magic tricks
［常用单数］技巧；诀窍
Patience is the trick of doing this job well.
■ vt 欺骗；哄骗：
An advertiser might be trying to trick customers into buying a product or a service.
【词汇拓展】
tricky adj［非正式用语］棘手的；难对付的：
a tricky problem / task
名词动词化
trick 语义网络图
骗人的“诡计”
表演魔术的“诡计”
诡计；花招；恶作剧
技巧；诀窍
trick
诡计
（基本义）
欺骗；哄骗
做好某事的“诡计”
戏法；把戏
n
v
分词形容词
根据提示，用所给词的正确形式完成下列词块，体会分词形容词。
1. 煮鸡蛋 ______________ eggs
2. 烤肉 ______________ meat
3. 切片面包 ______________ bread
4. 烩面 ______________ noodles
5. 清蒸鱼 ______________ fish
6. 沸水 ______________ water
7. 多样化的饮食 a ______________ diet
8. 不同程度 ______________ degrees
boiled
roasted
steamed
sliced
stewed
boiling
varied
vary, slice, steam, stew, boil, roast
varying
分词形容词：很多动词的-ed形式和-ing形式已经成为独立词条的形容词，其中有一类分词形容词表示动作已经完成或动作正在进行。
例如：boiled / boiling, roasted, sliced, stewed, steamed, varied
/ varying
将上述分词形容词分类：
表示动作已完成：_______________________________
表示动作正在进行：_____________________________
boiled, roasted, sliced, stewed, steamed, varied
boiling, varying
音译词
1. 卡路里 ________ 2. 维他命 ________ 3. 芒果 ________
4. 吐司 ________ 5. 培根 ________ 6. 啤酒________
7. 布丁________ 8. 巧克力 ________ 9. 咖啡 ________
10. 汉堡包 ________ 11. 三明治 ________ 12. 芝士 ________
13. 曲奇 ________ 14. 酒吧 ________ 15. 咖啡馆 ________
calorie
英语是当今世界上使用最广泛的语言，随着我国对外交往的日益频繁，来自英语的外来词（借词）日益增多。汉语所吸收的英语外来词很多是跟日常生活密切相关的词语，汉语中没有与之对应的词，翻译时，往往会借用英语发音来翻译。
vitamin
mango
toast
bacon
beer
pudding
chocolate
coffee
hamburger
sandwich
cheese
根据汉语写出对应的英语。
cookie
bar
café
音译词
1. wonton ________ 2. tofu ________ 3. dim sum ________
4. chowmein ________ 5. jiaozi ________ 6. lichee / litchi ________
7. tai chi ________ 8. mahjong ________ 9. kung fu ________
10. yin yang ________ 11. guan xi ________ 12. feng shui ________
馄饨
英语词汇的来源有三种：本族语（native words）、借词（loan / borrowed words）和新词（neologism），其中，借词和新词是英语词汇的新生力量的源泉。英语中也存在许多源于汉语的词汇和表达法，其中，音译法也是借用汉语词汇的重要途径。
豆腐
点心
炒面
饺子
荔枝
太极
麻将
功夫
阴阳
关系
风水
根据英语写出对应的汉语。
随堂检测
consist & consistent
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. There has been a ____________ (consist) improvement in her attitude.
2. The results are entirely consistent ____________ our earlier research.
3. We have argued ____________ (consist) for a change in the law.
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 生活不仅有阳光，还有风雨。(consist of)
___________________________________________________________
2. 成功在于百折不挠。(consist in)
___________________________________________________________
Life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.
Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.
consistent
with
consistently
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. How do you think you’re going to fit all that stuff into the car ___________
2. I’ve got so much stuff to do this weekend. ___________
3. She stuffed two more sweaters into her bag. ___________
4. Under her bed, they found a bag stuffed with money. ___________
东西 / 物品
事情
塞
stuff
装满
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Only 27% of the paper we consume is recycled. ___________
2. He was consumed with guilt after the accident. ___________
3. Mary would consume nearly a pound of cheese per day.
___________
二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Cake-making is a very time __________ (consume) process.
2. We need more feedback（反馈）from the __________ (consume) in order to improve our goods.
3. Gas and oil ______________ (consume) always increases in cold weather.
消耗
充满
吃
consume
consuming
consumers
consumption
association
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The support of our members is of great importance to the Association.
______________
2. She became famous through her association with the group of poets.
______________
3. The seaside had all sorts of pleasant associations with childhood holidays for me. ______________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. They have maintained a close association __________ a college.
2. Researchers have found an association __________ negative emotions and heart disease.
协会
交往
联想
with
between
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. We have to deal with the fundamental cause of the problem.
___________
2. We need to make fundamental changes to the way in which we treat our environment. ___________
3. It’s important for children to be taught the fundamentals of science. ___________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Water is fundamental ____________ survival.
根本原因
从根本上改变
基本原理
fundamental
to
根据句意，选出画线部分的最佳释义。
1. She found that she had been tricked by the stranger. ________
2. I can’t open the box — is there a trick to it ________
3. The children played a silly trick on my visitor, but he took it in good part and wasn’t annoyed. ________
4. These pills should do the trick. You’ll feel much better in no time.
________
trick


诡计 / 恶作剧 起作用 技巧 / 诀窍 欺骗


正式用语与非正式用语
用膳
吃饭
用膳
吃饭
非正式用语 中性词 正式用语
（使）花一大笔钱 cost a lot of money /
举例 / give an example
参加体育运动 / take part in / be (get) involved in sports
患感冒 suffer from a cold / catch a cold /
减少……的数量 / reduce the amount of
此外；而且 plus in addition / besides
选择性必修B2U1 —— B2U3典型词
cost an arm and a leg
cite an example
participate in /
engage in sports
go / come down with a cold
decrease the amount of
furthermore / moreover