牛津译林版八年级下册Unit8A green world Grammar课件(共48张PPT)

(共48张PPT)
Unit 8
A green world
Grammar
Rules:
被动语态的一般现在时：
被动语态的一般过去时
情态动词的被动语态：
am/ is/ are + 动词的过去分词（Vp.p.)
was/ were+ 动词的过去分词（Vp.p.)
情态动词+ be+动词的过去分词（Vp.p.)
注意：
主动：hear /see/watch/make/let sb do sth
被动:be heard/seen/watched/made/let to dosth
主动：give /send/pass/lend/show sb. sth.
被动: sb. be given/sent/passed/lent/showed sth.
sth. be given/sent/passed/lent/showed to sb.
主动：buy/make/build/mend sb. sth.
被动: sb. be bought/ made/ built/ mended sth.
sth. be bought/made/built/mended for sb.
1. Mr Wu often gives us some useful advice.
We________________________________________
Some useful advice__________________________
2. My mother bought me a new computer .
I ______________________________________
3A new computer_____________________________
4. John always makes us laugh after class.
__________________________________________
are often given some useful advice by Mr. Wu.
is often given to us by Mr.Wu.
was bought a new computer by my mother.
was bought for me by my mother.
We are always made to laugh by John after class.
5. I often watch my goldfish swim around
when I am free.
6. You must hand in your homework in time.
7. You should take this medicine three times
a day.
8. We can’t cure 20 percent of these diseases.
My goldfish are often watched to swim around by
me when I’m free.
Your homework must be handed in in time.
This medicine should be taken three times a day.
20 percent of these diseases can’t be cured by us.
display vt. & vi. 展示; 陈列
display clothes
pollute vt. 污染
pollute the air
air/water/noise pollution
n. pollution
harm vt. 伤害; 损害
use a knife to harm people
living adj. 活着的, 活的
living things
New Words
poster n. 海报 posters
2. display v. 展示，陈列
be displayed at the show
3. pollute v. 污染 be polluted
4. harm v. 伤害，损害
be harmed by pollution
5. living adj. 活着的，活的
living things
一般将来时的被动语态
基本结构：
① will be + Vp.p
② am/ is /are going to + be + Vp.p
第一人称 ( we/ I )时,也可以用
shall be + Vp.p
I shall/will/am going to be supported.
巴西里约热内卢2016奥运会会标
The 2016 Olympic Games _________ (hold)
in Brazil(巴西).
will be held
The bottle _____________(shake) if you want to take the medicine.
2.A sports meeting _____________________ (hold) next month.
3. I don’t know if they ______________(show) around the History Museum after they visit the Science Museum tomorrow.
will be shaken
will be/ is going to be held
shake shook shaken
will be shown
activities / in Environment Week / a lot of / organize / are going to
________________________________
________________________________
A lot of activities are going to be organized in Environment Week.
The students are talking about Environment Week. Help them make sentences using passive voice
design / posters / will / by Sandy
_____________________________
__________.
Posters will be designed by Sandy.
to all the people / send / leaflets / in the town / will
______________________________________________________
Leaflets will be sent to all the people in the town.
4
are going to / hold / some of the activities / in the town square
________________________________________________________
Some of the activities are going to be held in the town square.
Lisa: Hi, Harry. There’s going to be an environment show here.
Harry: Really When is the show going to be held
Lisa: (1) ____________________________
________________ (this Friday
evening)
Harry: Will the show be held at your school
Lisa: No, (2)_________________________
__________. (at the town hall)
The show is going to be held this Friday evening.
The show will be held at the
town hall
Environment Week
Part B
Harry: Who will be invited to the show
Lisa: (3)_____________________________
_______________________ (some famous people in our town)
Harry: What will be displayed at the show
Lisa: (4)_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________ (videos about the
past and present of Sunshine Town)
Some famous people in our town will be invited to the show.
Videos about the past and present of Sunshine Town will be displayed at the show.
Harry: What will be discussed at the show
Lisa: (5)_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________ (ways about how
to protect the environment)
Ways about how to protect the environment will be discussed at the show.
Pollution
Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish (1)___________ (throw) into lakes and rivers, so many of them (2)____________ (pollute).
is thrown
are polluted
II. Kitty is writing an article about pollution. Help her complete the article using the passive voice.
Part C
In some cities, the air (3)________ (fill) with pollution. This makes people ill, and more people (4)_____________ (hurt) in the future if it is not cleaned up.
As well as people, animals (5)___________ (harm) by pollution. Land and water pollution kills many animals every year. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things (6)____________(kill) by pollution.
is filled
will be hurt
are harmed
will be killed
are going to be killed
However, there is some good news. A show (7)___________ (hold) at the town hall this Friday evening. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. On that day, we (8)_____________ (show) how to protect the environment.
If we work together, we can make the world a better place.
will be held
are going to be held
will be shown
are going to be shown
Language points
1. be designed by sb. 由某人设计
这条时尚的裙子是Sandy设计的。
The fashion dress _________________Sandy.
is /was designed by
2. be sent to …. 被送往 / 被送给…
这男子在车祸中受伤严重，被立刻送往医院。
The man _____________and _________________.
鲜花赠美人。
Beautiful flowers ____________ the beauty.
was badly hurt
was sent to hospital
are sent to
3. Videos about the past and present of ...
关于……的过去和现在的视频
会议上将会观看北京的过去和现在的视频。
Videos __________________________________
_______________at the meeting.
about the past and present of Beijing will be watched
4. be filled with… = be full of … 被…充满
秋天落叶铺满大地，空气中满都是水果的味道。
The earth _____________the fallen leaves and the air _____________the smell of fruit.
is filled with
is full of
5. As well as … 也，和…一样
跟人类一样，动物也遭受污染的危害。
_________________，animals ___________
by pollution. 我打算去伦敦，我妹妹也是。
I’m going to London ___________my sister.
As well as people
are harmed
6. act to do sth. = take action to do sth.
行动起来做某事 ，采取行动做某事
如果人人都行动起来保护环境，世界将会更美好。
If everyone _______________________，the
world will become more beautiful.
as well as
acts to protect environment
1. Review the contents of this lesson.
2. Finish the exercises in the workbook.
3. Preview the next lesson.
Revision
1. You ______(want) on the phone. Be quick.
2. I __________(ask) to lock the door by him.
3. The trees ___________(water) twice a day.
4. Where _____ salt_______ (sell) Do you know
5. Middle school students __________ (tell) not to smoke.
6. The bird ________ (let) to fly away yesterday.
was asked
are
wanted
are watered
is sold
are told
was let
Translation：(the Passive Voice)
1. 学生们每年三月种树。
2. 小女孩被一个老警察救了。
3. 许多高楼是去年建的。
Trees are planted by the students in March
every year.
The little girl was saved by an old policeman.
Many tall buildings were built last year.
1. What will happen if you cut down a tree in Switzerland
2. What will happen if you drop litter in a public place in Switzerland
We will be punished if we cut down a
tree in Switzerland.
If we drop litter in a public place, we will
be fined by the police.
Questions about reading:
情态动词的被动语态
About 80% of these cases can be prevented or cured.
Now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured.
Even old clothes and shoes can be recycled.
情态动词的被动语态
基本结构：
can be + Vp.p (过去分词)
must be + Vp.p (过去分词)
may be + Vp.p (过去分词)
should be + Vp.p (过去分词)
have to be + Vp.p (过去分词)
中国首个仿人机器人为北京奥运会服务
Can a robot _________________ (design) to work for Beijing Olympic Games
be designed
Practice
1.Make sure all the rubbish must _______________ (throw) into the dustbin.
2. This kind of food can’t ____________
(keep) for a long time.
3. Should pens, erasers and rulers ______________ (bring) by the students themselves
be thrown
be kept
be brought
改为被动--
1. I __________ a nice cake on my birthday.
2. A nice cake ___________ me on my birthday.
My daughter buys me a
nice cake on my birthday.
am bought
is bought for
buy sb. sth.=buy sth.____ sb.
for
1. I __________ a nice card by my daughter.
2. A nice card ______________ me by my daughter.
My daughter made me a nice card.
was made
was made for
make sb.sth.=make sth.___ sb.
for
My daughter gave me some flowers.
1.I ______________ some flowers by my
daughter.
2.Some flowers _______________ me
by my daughter.
was given
were given to
give sb.sth
= give sth.__ sb.
to
1.主动:You saw some teachers come
into the classroom just now.
被动:Some teachers ______________ come
into the classroom just now.
were seen to
2.主动:You often listen to your friend
sing in the classroom.
被动: Your friend ____________________
sing in the classroom.
is often listened to to
Work out the rule!
1. make /buy/get/mend/ …sb. sth.
sb. be made/bought/got/mended sth.
2. make /buy/get/mend/ …sth. ____sb.
sth. be made/bought/ got/ mended for sb.
for
3. give /pass/show/lend/send …sb. sth.
sb. be given/passed/ showed/ lent/ sent sth.
4. give /pass/show/lend/send…sth. ____sb.
sth. be given/passed/showed/lent/sent to sb.
to
Work out the rule!
1. make / have / let sb. do sth. (被动加to)
sb. be made / had/ let to do sth.
2. see/hear/notice/ listen to/watch sb. do sth.
sb. be seen/ heard/ noticed/ listen to/
watched to do sth. (被动加to)
3. see/hear/notice/listen to/watch sb doing sth.
sb. be seen/ heard/ noticed/ listen to/
watched doing sth.
(被动不变，还是doing )
Work out the rule! 无被动情况
系动词无被动：
不及物动词无被动：
表示事物性质（与well连用）无被动：
smell /taste /look /sound / feel / get /turn / seem / go (变得) / become / …
take place / happen / disappear / end / appear / begin / last / rise /develop / cost / take / fail / spread/ break down / come true/ fall asleep …
sell well /grow well /wash well / write well
/cut well / catch well …
It _______ well.
writes
It _____ well in the shop.
sells
These plants________
__________ .
grow
well
(grow well /
are grown well)
The grapes look good
Good grapes ______________.
Where did the accident happen
Where was the accident happened
(are tasted good/ taste good)
taste good
1. Charities need a lot of money.
2. Oxfam shops sell many things.
3.UNICEF provides children with clean water.
A lot of money is needed for Charities.
Many things are sold in Oxfam shops.
Children are provided with clean water by
UNICEF.
Clean water is provided for children by
UNICEF.
4. Many children’s lives were changed because of the war.
5.When was UNICEF set up
6. The Students’ Union held a charity show.
The war changed many children’s lives.
When did people set up UNICEF
A charity show was held by the Students’
Union.
改被动：
We will plant more trees in the next five years.
They won’t hold the meeting until next Friday.
Will the doctor ask the patient any questions.
More trees will be planted by us in the next
five years.
The meeting won’t be held by them until
next Friday.
Will the patient be asked by the doctor
any questions
改被动：
4. Workers are going to build two new hospitals next year.
5. Are you going to finish your homework this afternoon
6. What are the children going to do
Two new hospitals are going to be built by the workers next year.
Is your homework going to be finished by
you this afternoon
What is going to be done by the children
1. A cat __________ (keep) in my grandmother’s house.
2. The concert __________ (hold) last
Friday evening.
3. Jane was made _________ (work) ten
hours a day.
I. 根据句意及括号内所给动词的提示填空。
is kept
was held
to work
4. A new hospital _________________ ______ (build) in our city next year.
5. More than 50 trees ____________ (plant) last month.
6. Traffic rules should ___________ (obey) in our country.
were planted
will / is going to be
built
be obeyed