2023年初中英语中考二轮复习阅读理解技巧之词句猜测专项练（含答案）

阅读理解技巧之词句猜测专项练
The Internet is full of false information. It is important for us all to avoid being fooled by such information. Here are three examples of Internet hoaxes.
On his website, a man by the name of Tony has asked for money to save the life of a pretty little rabbit named Toby that he saved from under his house. A cat must have attacked the rabbit, the man said, so he took it in. he gave Toby loving care and nursed him back to health. There is a very cruel point, however. If the man doesn’t receive enough money, he will eat poor little Toby. (Don’t worry, though. Remember, it’s just a hoax!)
While the streets of New Orleans, the USA, were still flooded after a terrible hurricane (飓风), a frightening e-mail was sent around the Internet. It included a photograph of a large crocodile(鳄鱼) over five meters long. According to the message, it had been swimming around the flooded city eating people. It was later discovered that the photographs of the crocodile were of one that was caught in the Congo (刚果) years before.
The following e-mail hoax takes in many people. It says that a large British company will pay you to send their e-mail to as many people as possible. For every person that you send the e-mail to, it promises you will receive $5.00; for every person that you send it to that sends it to someone else, you’ll get $3.00; and for every third person that receives it, you will be paid $1.00. To make it even more believable, the sender says that at first he thought it was a hoax, but the company soon sent him $800.00.
1．The underlined word “hoaxes” means .
A．games B．websites C．lies D．stories
2．The crocodile in the photograph actually lived in________ .
A．New Orleans B．the USA C．Britain D．the Congo
3．Some people believe that they can_________ if they send e-mail.
A．become famous B．find friends
C．make money D．keep promises
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The city of New Orleans was flooded because of the terrible hurricane.
B．If the man doesn’t receive enough money, he will eat poor little Toby.
C．The crocodile swam around the flooded city and ate several people.
D．Someone received $800.00 from the company because of the e-mail.
5．The main idea of the passage is to _________.
A．teach how to create a professional website with attractive stories
B．show that anyone can create good Internet hoaxes with some facts
C．explain that, even though they seem false, Internet hoaxes might be true
D．tell people to be careful of Internet hoaxes by giving some examples
Do you want to do well in exams Sometimes your knowledge is not enough, you also need good strategies. Here are some for you:
Before you answer the questions, if you feel a little nervous, take a few deep breaths to help you relax.
Always read the question carefully and make sure that you understand it. Read it a few times if possible.
Find out how much each question is worth or how many points you need.
If it asks to give one answer, only write one.
If there is a difficult question, don’t worry. Go on to the next question and come back to it if you have time later.
Try not to leave questions unanswered when you finish the test. Sometimes a guess may get your points.
When you finish, go back and check your answers. You will need to check your writing or spelling mistakes.
6．From the passage, we know we can　　　to help ourselves relax if we feel a little nervous.
A．tell ourselves not to be nervous B．ask the teacher for help
C．go out for a walk D．take a few deep breaths
7．To make sure we understand the question, we had better________.
A．read it fast B．read it till we finish it
C．read it a few times if possible D．read it slowly
8．When we finish answering all the questions, we need to________.
A．hand in at once B．check spelling mistakes
C．worry about our points D．check with classmates
9．The underlined word “strategies” in the passage means ________.
A．策略 B．思维 C．认识 D．智慧
10．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Find out how many points we need or how much each question is worth.
B．Try not to leave questions unanswered when we finish the test.
C．If it asks to give one answer, we’d better write more.
D．Sometimes we should guess the answers to get points.
Many people say that they are working too many hours. They don't have enough time to relax or to stay with their family.
Work hours are different from one country to another. In France, people spend about 1,646 hours a year at work. In Japan, however, people work about 2,159 hours a year. That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a year than a French worker.
Why do people work so many hours Some people work extra hours because they want to make more money. However, many companies don't pay overtime. Their workers don't get more pay for more work. Some people think it's their duty to work more hours. Some are afraid of losing their jobs if they don't work more hours.
Many people say that their vacations are too short. In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation a year. In Germany, they get four to six weeks, and in the United States, two weeks. One study shows fewer than half of workers used all their vacation days. In Great Britain, there is a saying, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull (迟钝的) boy." If that is true, there must be a lot of dull people in the world.
11．A Japanese worker works __ more hours a year than a French one.
A．513 B．1,646 C．2,159 D．3,805
12．The word "extra" in Paragraph 3 means .
A．正常的 B．额外的 C．有用的 D．少量的
13．People in ________ get only two weeks of paid vacation a year.
A．France B．Germany
C．the United States D．Great Britain
14．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．No companies offer vacations to their workers.
B．Many people say they have enough time to relax.
C．Not all companies pay their workers for more work.
D．More than half of workers use all their vacation days.
15．What can we infer from the passage
A．Many workers have to work long hours.
B．Many people have vacations long enough.
C．Work hours are the same around the world.
D．There are a lot of dull people in the world.
Sometimes people come into your life and you know at once that they were sure to be there. They serve some sort of purpose, teach you a lesson or help find out who you are or who you want to become. You never know who these people may be: your classmate, neighbor, teacher, long-lost friend or even a real stranger. But you know that every moment they will affect (影响) your life in some serious way.
Sometimes things happen to you. At the time they may seem terrible, painful (痛苦的) and unfair. But later you realize that without getting over those difficulties you would have never realized your further ability and strength. Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck.
The people you meet affect your life, and the successes and failure (失败) you experience, create who you are. Even the bad experiences can be learned from. In fact, they are probably the most poignant and important ones.
Enjoy every day even every moment and take from it everything that you possibly can, for you may never be able to experience it again. Talk to people you have never talked to before, and really listen. You should set your sights high, hold your head up, tell yourself you are a great one and believe in yourself.
You can make your life anything you wish. Create your own life and then go out and live it.
根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
16．The people we meet .
A．all know where to find us
B．serve us on no purpose
C．won't become our neighbor
D．will change us in some way
17．From the passage, we know that bad things can make us .
A．terribly meet bad luck
B．realize our further ability
C．find no serious success
D．possibly enjoy every moment
18．The underlined word "poignant" in the passage means " ".
A．平淡的 B．明显的
C．深刻的 D．艰苦的
19．The writer's advice is that we should .
A．never talk to strange people
B．learn as much as we can each day
C．get over difficulties painfully
D．not believe in ourselves but others
20．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Create Your Own Life
B．Hold Your Head Up
C．People You Meet in Life
D．Things Happen to You
Taking pictures of an empty plate is becoming popular in the canteens （食堂）at Shenzhen University （SZU）, a report by Shenzhen Economic Daily showed.
According to the Daily, Tencent is now working with SZU to introduce Al technology to a campaign on WeChat to encourage clear your plate". The campaign is to reduce food waste and encourage students to save food.
After finishing a meal, students can take photos of their plates and send them to the AI system. Once their photos are accepted, students can get a reward. Tencent's AI Lab provides technological support for the campaign. It takes only 40 milliseconds for the system to check a photo.
A total of 20,000 students at SZU took part in the second phase of the campaign on Monday and Tuesday. And the food waste has dropped greatly after the campaign was started.
“By using AI technology to encourage the "clear your plate" campaign, our university can have a better understanding of students, role in the campaign so as to carry out a rewarding system for keeping students interested in it," said Xu Xiaoling from SZU's student department.
The service has also been used in other universities in China, including Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China Academy of Art in Zhejiang Province and Jishou University in Hunan Province, attracting over 100,000 students so far.
21．What is the purpose of the campaign
A．To protect the environment.
B．To develop the traditional culture.
C．To reduce food waste among students.
D．To improve the safety in the university.
22．What does the underlined sentence mean
A．No food was wasted any more.
B．More food was dropped than before.
C．The campaign has made a big difference.
D．There is no difference in the food waste.
23．What does the word "it" refer to in Paragraph 5
A．The campaign.
B．The AI technology.
C．The university.
D．The student department.
24．How many universities have taken part in the campaign so far
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
25．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Importance of Saving Food
B．How AI Helps with Food Safety
C．How AI Helps' with the Food Waste
D．The Development of AI in Shenzhen
China covers large areas and has a great population. Different living habits have always been an interesting topic in the country. Recently, another difference between southern Chinese and northern Chinese became a hot one: the way people shop at markets.
People from southern China say that they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. It is normal for them to buy half of a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 0.25 kilograms of beef at a time.
However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north. Instead, buying vegetables and meat enough for a week is usual. Also, you can buy a small amount (数量) of fruit, such as a single apple or pear, each time in the south. Shop owners even help you peel and cut them. But shop owners in the north hardly offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes.
The difference could be due to the different weather.
Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many northern Chinese have the habit of storing food, especially for the long winter. But the hot and wet weather in the south makes southern Chinese buy just enough food for one meal or one day, or else the food may go bad.
26．In southern China, people usually buy _____ at a time.
A．a small amount of food
B．a large amount of food
C．enough food for a week
D．a lot of meat and vegetables
27．If you buy fruits in the south, the shop owners may _______.
A．peel and cut them for you
B．laugh at you
C．only sell them in boxes and baskets
D．only sell a single apple or pear
28．Many northern Chinese have the habit of keeping food because ________.
A．the weather is hot and wet
B．food goes bad quickly
C．the weather is cold and dry
D．they live far away from markets
29．The underlined words "due to" mean "_________" in Chinese.
A．所以
B．但是
C．然而
D．因为
30．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Different Weather in China
B．Different Living Habits in China
C．Southern Chinese and Northern Chinese
D．Southern China and Northern China
Bi Sheng was born in Song Dynasty. He lived in a small village which lies in Huanggang today.He invented the printing around 600 AD (公元)。He was the world’s first inventor of the printing. It is about 400 years earlier than the printing in Germany.
The printing is also called the movable type printing (活字印刷).But how did it work in the past
First of all, the clay was made into movable types. Then words were engraved (雕刻) carefully onto the types. After that the words were chosen and put in right order in a box according to the text. Next, the workers brushed ink onto the movable types. Finally the types could be used for printing. They could be used again and again for different books.
The movable type printing plays an important role in Chinese culture. With the help of it, Chinese culture spread around the world more quickly. At the same time, the movable type printing was widely used in the world at that time. As a result, more and more culture communication among countries took place.
The movable type printing, the compass (指南针)，gun powder and the paper-making are called four great inventions of China. They make China own an important and even top position in the history of human civilization (文明).
31．When was the movable type printing invented
A．About 600 years ago. B．Around 600 AD． C．Before Song Dynasty. D．About 400 years ago.
32．What should the workers do after the words were chosen and put in right order
A．Brush ink onto the types. B．Make the clay into movable types.
C．Print by using the types. D．Engrave words onto the types.
33．How many steps were there in the movable type printing
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
34．What does the word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．the compass B．gun-powder C．the paper making D．the movable type printing
35．What's the passage mainly about
A．Four great inventions and their position in the history of human civilization.
B．Bi Sheng invented the movable type printing after trying many times.
C．The movable type printing and the importance for the culture communication.
D．How Bi Sheng invented the movable type printing in Song Dynasty.
Life comes in a package．This package includes happiness and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair．Life is a learning process．Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person．With each passing day we learn to deal with various situations．
Love plays a main role in our life．Love makes you feel wanted．Without love a person could become cruel．In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who show us with love and care．They teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad．But we don’t always care about it．It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands others’ feelings．
Happiness can bring people a peaceful mind．No mind is happy without peace．Sadness is the cause of the death of a loved one or the failure．But all of these things will pass away．
Failure is the path to success．It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way．Success brings in money, pride and self-respect．
Hope is what keeps life going．Parents always hope their children will do well．Hope makes us dream．Hope builds in patience．Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day．
Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is out of our control．Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dark．So the only choice is to work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow．
36．We usually have to accept _______ if we want to be successful．
A．love B．failure C．sadness D．hope
37．In which section can readers probably read the passage
A．Business． B．Travel． C．Lifestyles． D．Education．
38．What does the word “despair” mean in Chinese
A．颓废 B．遗憾 C．悲伤 D．绝望
39．What’s the meaning of the last sentence of the whole passage
A．When choosing between “today” and “tomorrow”, you’d better enjoy tomorrow
B．If you work hard today, you’ll have a better life in the future．
C．What you can only choose is to work hard today rather than tomorrow．
D．The only choice you make is that you should enjoy a better tomorrow.
40．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To encourage people to love each other．
B．To tell people how to deal with happiness and sadness．
C．To give readers some information about life．
D．To remind people to keep having a beautiful dream．
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．D
1．词义猜测题。根据上文句意“我们要谨防被网络信息愚弄”可知，此词的含义与谎言、诈骗有关，C 选项符合句意。
2．推理判断题。推理依据出自第三段第4、5 行，照片被发现是多年前来自刚果的鳄鱼照片，故鳄鱼实际上是来自刚果。
3．细节理解题。根据It says that a large British company will pay you to send their e-mail to as many people as possible.可知一些人们通过发送电子邮件可以挣钱。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据While the streets of New Orleans， the USA， were still flooded after a terrible hurricane (飓风)， a frightening e-mail was sent around the Internet.可知，故选A。
5．综合理解题。文章的主要意思是通过例子告诉人们，我们要谨防被网络信息愚弄。故选D。
6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C
6．细节判断题。根据第二段中“Before you answer the questions, if you feel a little nervous, take a few deep breaths to help you relax.”可知，在你回答问题之前，如果你感到有点紧张，做几次深呼吸来帮助你放松。故选D。
7．细节判断题。A. read it fast 快读；B. read it till we finish it 读它一直到完成；C. read it a few times if possible如果可能，读几遍；D. read it slowly慢读。根据第三段中“Always read the question carefully and make sure that you understand it. Read it a few times if possible.”可知，通常要仔细阅读试题，确保弄懂试题。如果可能，读几遍。故选C。
8．细节判断题。A. hand it at once马上交卷；B. check spelling mistakes 核对拼写错误；C. worry about our points担心你的成绩；D. check with classmates和同学校对答案。根据最后一段中“When you finish, go back and check your answers. You will need to check your writing or spelling mistakes.”可知，当你答完试卷时，回到前面核对答案。你需要核对你的拼写错误。故选B。
9．词句猜测题。分析“Do you want to do well in exams Sometimes your knowledge is not enough, you also need good strategies. Here are some for you:”你想考好吗？有时候你的知识还不够，可知下文是说你也需要好的策略。下文就是针对策略来说的。strategies的意思是“策略”。根据题意，故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据文中“Find out how much each question is worth or how many points you need.”可知，找出每个问题值多少分或者你需要多少分。选项A正确的；根据文中“Try not to leave questions unanswered when you finish the test.”可知，考试结束后，尽量不要留下没有答案的问题。选项B是正确的；根据文中“Sometimes a guess may get your points.”可知，有时候一个猜测可能会得到你的分数。选项D是正确的；根据文中“If it asks to give one answer, only write one.”可知，如果它要求给出一个答案，只写一个。选项C是错误的。故选C。
11．A 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．A
11．细节理解题。根据第二段中In France, people spend about 1,646 hours a year at work. In Japan, however, people work about 2,159 hours a year.可知在法国人们每年工作大约1646个小时，而在日本人们一年约工作2159小时。所以日本人要比法国人一年多工作513小时，所以该选A。
12．词义推测题。根据后面的句子because they want to make more money. However, many companies don’t pay overtime.可推知“extra”得意思是额外的，所以该选B。
13．细节理解题。根据文中and in the United States, two weeks可知美国休假为两周。所以该选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文中However, many companies don’t pay overtime. Their workers don’t get more pay for more work可知很多工人没有得到更多的钱。并不是所有的公司都给加班费。所以该选C。
15．推理判断题。根据文中Some are afraid of losing their jobs if they don’t work more hours.可知很多人害怕如果他们不工作很长时间会失去工作，所以该选A。
16．D 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．A
16．细节理解题。根据根据第一段最后一行every moment they will affect your life in some serious way. （每时每刻他们都会以一种重要的方式来影响你的生活）可知‘我们遇到的人会以某种方式改变我们”。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据地二段But later you realize that without getting over those difficulties you would have never realized your further ability and strength.（但后来你意识到如果不克服这些困难你就永远不会意识到你的深层能力和力量）可知“从文章中，我们知道坏事会让我们意识到自己的能力”；故选B。
18．猜测词义题。根据下文的and important ones可知这个词与important是近义词，而且都表达积极的意思，可知poignant是“深刻的”意思；故选C。
19．细节题。根据第四段第1句Enjoy every day even every moment and take from it everything that you possibly can, for you may never be able to experience it again.可知“作者的建议是我们应该每天尽可能多地学习”，故B正确。
20．主旨大意题。文章主要谈论的是要不断的学习，以创造出属于自己的生活，故这篇文章最好的标题是“创造你自己的生活”，故选A。
21．C 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．C
21．细节理解题。根据“The campaign is to reduce food waste and encourage students to save food.”可知，该运动旨在减少食物浪费并鼓励学生节约食物。故选C。
22．词句猜测题。分析“A total of 20,000 students at SZU took part in the second phase of the campaign on Monday and Tuesday. And the food waste has dropped greatly after the campaign was started.”可知，在星期一和星期二，共有2万名深圳大学学生参加了第二阶段的活动，食品浪费在运动开始后大大减少了。因此可知这项活动产生了很大影响，发挥了很大的作用。故选C。
23．推理判断题。分析“By using AI technology to encourage the ‘clear your plate’ campaign, our university can have a better understanding of students, role in the campaign so as to carry out a rewarding system for keeping students interested in it”可知，通过使用人工智能技术来鼓励‘光盘行动’活动，我们学校可以更好地了解学生，以及他们在活动中的角色，从而实施一项奖励制度，让学生们对这项活动保持兴趣。此处it指的是这项活动。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“According to the Daily, Tencent is now working with SZU”和“The service has also been used in other universities in China, including Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China Academy of Art in Zhejiang Province and Jishou University in Hunan Province”可知，到目前为止，有四所大学参加了这项运动，故选D。
25．最佳标题题。分析全文内容可知，本文针对人工智能帮助解决食物浪费展开，故选C。
26．A 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B
26．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句People from southern China say that they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. 知南方的人们一次买很少数量的食物/故答案是A。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句Shop owners even help you peel and cut them.店主甚至帮你剥皮和切碎。知选A
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many northern Chinese have the habit of storing food, especially for the long winter.知北方人有保存食物的习惯是因为北方天气寒冷干燥，食物容易保存，故正确答案是C
29．推断题。分析文章内容，结合句子The difference could be due to the different weather.知The difference“南北方购物习惯的不同”和 the different weather “不同的气候”之间可能存在因果关系，推测“due to”的意思是因为，故选D。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文知本文主要介绍了中国南北方人们不同的购物习惯即不同的生活习惯。所以选B
31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．C
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“He invented the printing around 600 AD”可知毕昇在公元600年发明了印刷术。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“the words were chosen and put in right order in a box according to the text. Next, the workers brushed ink onto the movable types”下一步工人在活字印刷上刷墨。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据“First of all,…Then …After that …Next, …Finally …”可知共有五个步骤，故选C。
34．词义猜测题。根据前文“The movable type printing plays an important role in Chinese culture.”可知此处的it指的是the movable type printing活字印刷术。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍毕昇发明的活字印刷术在过去是怎样操作的以及印刷术在中国文化交流上的重要作用。主旨可概括为The movable type printing and the importance for the culture communication。故选C。
36．B 37．D 38．D 39．B 40．C
36．B细节理解题。根据短文第四段中Failure is the path to success.的这句话可知，失败是通往成功的路，故要想成功，就必须学会接受失败。故选B。A选项love 是爱；C选项是悲伤；D是希望。
37．D推理判断题。这个问题问的是我们可以在哪里读到这样的一篇短文，Ａ是商业；B是旅行；C是生活方式；Ｄ是教育。根据这篇短文的大意可知，这篇短文中作者告诉了我们一些人生的哲理，生活就像是一个包裹，这个包裹里有幸福和悲伤，有失败和成功，有希望和绝望。故这样的一篇短文和商业、旅行以及生活方式没有关系。故选D。
38．D词义猜测题。根据短文第一段中This package includes happiness and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair.的这句话，我们可以看出，这里的happiness 和sadness是一对反义词，failure 和success是一对反义词，故划线的这个词应该是hope的反义词，即绝望。故选D。
39．B细节理解题。细节理解题。这篇短文的最后一句话的意思是：因此我们唯一的选择是在今天努力工作，这样我们才能享受更加美好的明天。浏览四个选项的意思可知，B选项和原文这句话的意思最为接近。故选B。
40．C主旨大意题。这篇短文中作者告诉了我们一些人生的哲理，生活就像是一个包裹，这个包裹里有幸福和悲伤，有失败和成功，有希望和绝望。我们应该如何正确看待人生的这些东西，如何对待今天和明天。故作者在给我们一些关于人生的建议。故选C。