人教新目标(Go for it)版八年级上册Units 1—2知识点梳理课件(共53张PPT)

(共53张PPT)
Units 1-2
人教版八年级上册
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
不定代词
some somebody someone something any anybody anyone anything no nobody no one nothing all both none neither either each every everybody everyone everything others
another
much
many
few
a few
little
a little
one
some/any
一些。既可代替或修饰可数名词复数，也可代替或修饰不可数名词。
some及some构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，any及any构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中。
疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到对方的肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some及some构成的复合不定代词。如: Would you like some tea
many/much
many只代替或修饰可数名词复数，much只代替或修饰不可数名词。
one
指代人或物，如果所指代的人或物是复数，则用ones来表达。如：I like red roses better than white ones.
each
指两者或两者以上的人或物中的“每一个”。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Each of the pictures on the wall is very beautiful.
both/all/either/neither/none
both两者都。谓语动词用复数。
all三者或三者以上都。谓语动词用复数。
either两者中的任何一个。谓语动词用单数。
neither两者都不。谓语动词用单数。
none三者或三者以上中任何一个都不。none与可数名词复数连用或所指的是可数名词复数，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。
如：
Both ideas are good.
All of them agree with me.
Either of the books is worth reading.
Neither answer is correct.
None of the students is / are going to the park.
few/a few, little/a little
few/a few代替或修饰可数名词复数；
little/a little代替或修饰不可数名词。
few和little很少；几乎没有，侧重否定含义；
a few和a little有一些，侧重肯定含义。
It is raining, but I still see a few people in the street.
He is very hungry now, because he had little food this morning.
—Can you speak English —Yes, but a little.
other/the other/others/the others/another
不定代词 含义 用法
other 另外的 ＋复数名词，表示除去一部分以外的另一些，但不是剩下的全体
前有the, some, any, each, every, no, my, your, his等，则可与单数名词连用
the other 两者/两部分中的另一个/部分 +单数名词 one..., the other...
+复数名词, 表示“其余的全部”
不定代词 含义 用法
others 另一些 ＝other＋复数名词，不修饰名词。表示除去一部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全体
the others 其余一些 ＝the other＋名词，不修饰名词。表示“其余的全部”
another 再一的; 另一的 ＋单数名词，表示再一个，另一个（三者或三者以上中的另一个）
另一个 不修饰名词。三者或三者以上中的另一个
如：
I have two backpacks. One is red, and the other is blue.
There are thirty students in our class. Twenty of them went to the zoo, and the others visited the park.
I don’t like this hat. Please show me another.
These shoes don't fit. Haven't you got any others
some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Somebody wants to see you, sir.
Is everyone here today
形容词、else或动词不定式修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词时，一般位于复合不定代词的后面。如：
I have something important to tell you.
Is there anything else you want me to do
《温馨提示》
A. some / any
1. —Are there _______ oranges on the tree
—No, there aren’t.
2. I have _______ questions to ask you.
any
some
B. each / either
1. _______ of the five children got a nice present on Children’s Day.
2. —Which of the two shirts do you want
—_______ is OK.
Each
Either
选择恰当的不定代词填空。
C. other / the other / others / the others / another
1. What ________ things can you see in the picture
2. I have two pens. One is red, and ________ is black.
3. There are only five students in the classroom. Where are _________
other
the other
the others
4. There are a lot of people in the park. Some are walking; some are enjoying the flowers; _______ are boating.
5. The sweater is too small for me. Would you show me _______ one
others
another
D. many / much / (a) few / (a) little
1. There are so ______ books to read and so ______ work to do. It’s terrible.
2. The text is so difficult that ______ of us can understand it.
3. There’s ______ meat in the fridge. Will you go and buy some
4. I can stay here for only _______ time, but I’ll come again in ______ days.
many
much
few
little
a little
a few
E. all / both / none / neither
1. It rained heavily this morning, but ______ of us was late for school.
2. ______ of his parents are doctors. They work in the same hospital.
3. ______ of my friends came to see me when I was ill. I was very happy.
4. —Which of the two dictionaries do you like better
—I like ______, because they’re not useful.
none
Both
All
neither
表示频繁程度的副词叫作频度副词。常见的频度副词有always, sometimes, hardly ever, usually, often, never等。
常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下：always (总是)﹥usually (通常)﹥ often (经常) ﹥sometimes (有时) ﹥hardly ever (几乎从不) ﹥never (从不)。
频度副词
频度副词的位置：
常放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，但有些频度副词如often，sometimes等位置比较灵活，还可以放在句首或句尾。如：
Mike usually takes a shower before going to bed.
She is always late for everything.
Joe sometimes writes to me.
Sometimes Joe writes to me.
Joe writes to me sometimes.
对频度副词及表示事件发生频率的短语提问时，常用how often，“多久一次”。如：
My father hardly ever plays soccer. (对划线部分提问)
→How often does your father play soccer
—How often do you go shopping
—Three times a month.
1. — What would you like, ice cream or apple juice
— ________. One for my sister and the other for myself. (2020云南中考)
A. Neither B. All C. None D. Both
2. Sophia waited for a reply, but _______ came.
(2020内蒙古呼和浩特）
A. either B. another C. neither D. none
D
D
3. —What would you like, milk or coffee
—________ I’d like some orange juice.
(2020辽宁丹东中考)
A. None B. Neither C. Each D. Either
4. ________ hopes for a sweet home as it provides us with warmth and trust. (2020江苏扬州中考)
A. None B. Everyone C. Nobody D. Somebody
B
B
5. —It’s unbelievable that 5G technology is progressing in such a rapid way!
—_______ is impossible. (2020湖北宜昌中考)
A. Something B. Anything
C. Nothing D. Everything
6. —Why don’t you find some workers to repair the machines
—Well, _______ of them want to do such a low-paid job. (2020青海中考)
A. a few B. few C. some
C
B
7. — Have you asked _________ about the case
— No, except Bob. (2020江苏镇江中考)
everybody B. anybody
C. nobody D. somebody
8. —Bob, when will you help me do a survey, today or tomorrow
— _______ is OK I’m free these two days. (2020辽宁铁岭葫芦岛)
A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither
A
C
9. Randy wrote two novels. _________of them were made into films. I’ve seen them. (2020上海中考)
None B. Both C. All D. Neither
10. —Sally, I have _______ exciting to tell you. We will go back to school soon.
—Great！(2020湖北恩施中考)
A. anything B. something C. everything
B
B
11. David is crazy about Chinese history. He ______ visits the museums first wherever he travels in China.
(2020江苏南通中考)
A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always
12. The coffee in this shop is pretty good. Ms. Zhang comes here at times. (2020贵州黔东南)
A. sometimes B. never C. on time D. in time
D
A
13. —Where shall we eat tonight
—Let’s call Jack. He ________ knows the best places to go. (2020四川乐山中考)
A. seldom B. always C. only
14. Tina _______ drives to work. But today she drives because of the rain. (2020江西中考)
A. always B. often C. sometimes D. hardly
B
D
15. Tom studies ________, so he ________ fails the exam. (2020黑龙江大庆)
hardly; hardly B. hard; hardly
C. hard; hard D. hardly; hard
16. The girl used to be shy, but she is ______ getting active in team work and willing to make friends. (2020内蒙古呼和浩特)
A. usually B. gradually C. mainly D. seldom
B
B
17. —How was your trip to the British Museum
—I could ______ speak English and was completely silent during the visit. (2020辽宁营口)
A. hardly B. always C. usually D. often
18. You can bravely tell others what you think if you have different ideas. But _______ remember to choose the proper way. (2020山西中考)
A. never B. seldom C. always
A
C
高兴 (Happiness)
A: How was your school trip, Eric
B: It was wonderful! We had lots of fun.
A: Tom, what about visiting the science museum this Saturday
B: That’s / Sounds great.
A: Guess what I passed the math exam.
B: Congratulations! I’m so happy for you!
A: Our class won the football game this morning.
B: Really I’m so glad to hear that!
情感 (Emotions)
惊奇(Surprise)
A: I’ve decided to give up my present job.
B: Really / Is that so But why
A: Bob, look, this is the watch you lost yesterday!
B: What a surprise / How surprising!
I can’t / couldn’t believe my eyes.
I’m surprised to hear that Kevin has had a car accident.
频度(Frequency)
A: How often do you go to the bookstore
B: Once / Twice / Three times a week / month.
A: How often does your grandpa eat out
B: Never / Seldom / Sometimes / Often / Usually / Always.
A: How often does Molly go to the dentist
B: Every three months.
二、时间(Time)
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. —I had a good time in the study trip last week.
—_______
A. With pleasure. B. Thank you.
C. OK! D. I’m glad to hear that.
2. —We saw a very big and strange fish in the river.
—_______ What is it like
A. Really B. Is that OK
C. Why not D. What for
3. —_______, Mary
—Once a week.
A. Where is the park
B. How often do you go to the park
C. What is the park like
D. How far is the park from here
Ⅱ. 根据对话内容，在空白处填入恰当的句子，使对话完整、通顺。
A: Hi, Jessica. Long time no see. (1) ________________________
B: Last month Oh, I was in Australia.
A: Really (2) ___________________________
B: Yes, I went there for a vacation.
A: That sounds great. (3) ____________________
Where were you last month
Did you go there for a vacation
How did you go there
B: I went there by ship.
A: Did you go there by yourself
B: (4) _____________. I went there with my uncle. He found a job there.
A: (5) ____________________________
____________________________
B: It was cold. You know it was winter in the north of the earth.
How was the weather there /
What was the weather like there
No, I didn’t
旅游与交通
【写作任务】
广州某电台英文频道将开设Welcome to Guangzhou栏目，目前面向全市中学生征集“微广州”英文介绍。请你写一篇英语短文，向栏目投稿。短文需包括下图所有提示内容。
注意：
1. 词数：80词左右(短文的开头与结尾已给出，不计入词数)；
2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
【思路点拨】
定基调
体裁：说明文 时态：一般现在时
人称：以第三人称为主
2. 谋布局、写句子
In summer, it is so hot that many people would like/want to go swimming
In winter, it is cold, but it seldom snows
flowers can be seen all year round
Guangzhou is famous for its delicious food
3. 巧衔接
① 在介绍广州的两个特色时，可以使用meanwhile来引出另一特色。
② 文中体现了语义搭配的衔接方式(通过词汇纽带来使上下文紧密连贯)，如本文中的 lies in, with a history of ... years, weather, is known as, is famous for这些表达都与介绍一座城市相关联，从而使文章成为一个有机统一体。
4. 成篇章
Anyone coming to Guangzhou is sure to have a good time.
_________________________________________________
Guangzhou is waiting for you.
5. 化“平凡”为“非凡”
① Guangzhou lies in the south of China. It is a beautiful city with a history of more than 2,000 years. → Guangzhou, located in the south of China, is a beautiful city with a history of more than 2,000 years.
② …, I advise you to go to the Canton Tower. From there, you can get a bird’s eye view of Guangzhou. → …,
I advise you to go to the Canton Tower, where you can get a bird’s eye view of Guangzhou.
Anyone coming to Guangzhou is sure to have a good time.
Guangzhou lies in the south of China. It is a beautiful city with a history of more than 2,000 years.
The weather here is quite mild. The wind blows gently in spring and it often rains. In summer, it is so hot that many people would like to go swimming. As for autumn, the weather is pleasant with cool and dry air. In winter, it is cold, but it seldom snows.
4. 成篇章
Guangzhou is known as the Flower City because flowers can be seen all year round. Meanwhile, Guangzhou is famous for its delicious food, like dim sum. It is really something that you can’t miss.
If you come to Guangzhou, I advise you to go to the Canton Tower. From there, you can get a bird’s eye view of Guangzhou.
Guangzhou is waiting for you.
Ⅰ. 从方框中选择合适的单词填空，使每个句子在结构、句意和逻辑上正确。
full, healthy, hunger, die, enjoy, different, enough, through
1. I’m _______ now. I didn’t get any lunch today.
2. The rooms are all large _______ to take a third bed.
3. She smiled at him as he walked _______ the door.
4. Mr. Mills tries to make his lessons more ________ by using games.
hungry
enough
through
enjoyable
full, healthy, hunger, die, enjoy, different, enough, through
5. After the old king _______, his son ruled over the country.
6. He has a(n) _______ morning, but he can see you this afternoon if you like.
7. Her _______ improved slowly after she came home from the hospital.
8. Researchers found a number of important _________ in the way boys and girls learn.
died
full
health
differences
Ⅱ. 根据句意及所给首字母提示，补全所缺单词。
1. Take an umbrella or you’ll get w .
2. A the car is old, it still runs well.
3. Karen went to her d to have a tooth taken out.
4. I hope that all of you will get good exam r .
5. Laura enjoyed her course at first, but after a time she got b with it.
wet
Although
dentist
results
bored
6. I think keeping English d is a good way of improving English writing.
7. We take part in all kinds of a after school.
8. Today o shopping is still very popular all over the world.
diaries
activities
online
III. 完成句子，使两句意思相同或相近，每空一词。
1. My brother made the decision to get up early.
My brother _______ _______ _______ up early.
2. Carl seems to like listening to music.
______ ______ ______ Carl ______ listening to music.
3. The Smiths didn’t go out because it rained.
The Smiths didn’t go out _______ _______ the rain.
4. Jerry often helps do housework on weekends.
Jerry often _______ _______ housework on weekends.
decided to get
It seems that likes
because of
helps with
5. Mom wants to know where that smell is coming from.
Mom _______ where that smell is coming from.
6. This meeting hall can hold over 500 people.
This meeting hall can hold _______ _______ 500 people.
7. We should avoid unhealthy foods like hamburgers and chips.
We should avoid unhealthy foods _______ _______ hamburgers and chips.
wonders
more than
such as
IV. 完成英语句子，每空一词(含缩略形式)。
1. Nelly在英格兰呆了好几个星期。
Nelly stayed in England ______ ______ ______ ______.
2. Ken游泳时觉得自己像条鱼。
Ken _______ _______ he is a fish when he swims.
3. 让我们趁着还来得及，赶快努力学习吧！
Let’s study hard as soon as possible _______ _______ _______ _______!
4. 你应该至少一个月读一本书。
You should read one book a month _______ _______.
quite a few weeks
feels like
before it’s
too late
at least
5. 体重不足60公斤的成年人可以安全使用这个秋千。
Adults ______ ______ 60kg can use the swing safely.
6. Alan几乎从不打篮球。他觉得很无聊。
Alan _______ _______ _______ basketball. He thinks it’s boring.
7. 他按了门铃，等着人来开门。
He rang the bell and _______ _______ someone to answer the door.
8. 爸爸认为在公园里除了赏花没什么可做的。
Dad thinks ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in the park ______ _______ flowers.
less than
waited for
there is nothing much to
do but enjoy
hardly ever plays
V. 单项选择 (中考真题)
1. —You look pale today, Madam! What’s the matter with you
—_______ serious. Just a cold.
A. Something B. Anything
C. Nothing D. Everything
2. If something is wrong, fix it if you can. Do not worry. Worry never fixes _______.
something B. everything
C. anything D. nothing
3. _______ needs one or two close friends to share his happiness and sadness with.
A. Someone B. No one C. None D. Everyone
4. —This room is too small. I’d like to ask for _______.
—Sure. We have rooms available here.
A. another B. the other C. one D. it
5. Some people are too shy to say a word in public. However, _______ aren’t.
A. another B. the other
C. others D. the others
6. —When would you like to go swimming with me, this Friday or this Saturday
—_______. I am free only this Sunday.
A. None B. Both C. Either D. Neither
7. —I don’t have enough money for the T-shirt.
—Don’t worry. I can lend _______ to you.
A. any B. some C. many
8. —I tried several ways to work out the math problem, but _______ of them worked.
—Never give up. I believe you’ll make it.
A. all B. each C. none D. neither
9. —Where would you like to go tomorrow, Huangguoshu Waterfall or Dragon Palace
—_______ is OK for me. It’s up to you.
A. Either B. Neither
C. Both D. All
10. —Do we still have any eggs in the fridge
—Yes, but only _______.
A. few B. a few
C. little D. a little