人教版（2019）必修 第二册 Unit2 Wildlife Protection单元检测（含解析）

人教版高中英语必修二Unit2 Wildlife Protection
第I卷（选择题）
一、完形填空（共15分）
When you measure the distance between towns on foot, and walk to places that you thought could only be reached by car and it will change your mind.
I live in the suburb north of San Francisco, and (1) is considered the main transportation for most people here. I still remember how (2) I was when I first learned to drive. While driving with music gently (3) my heart, I was filled with joy. However, as time went by, that excitement (4) . I feared driving, and felt worried and upset. Everyone seems to be in my way especially when I am in a (5) . One night, a deer ran out from the dark, knocked against my moving car, and (6) across the street. I didn't dare to get out of my car to see her. Crying on the (7) , I hated my car.
When I joined the 21-day mindful walking (8) , I began to walk with a mind. During the walking days, I smiled at every stranger (9) by me. I walked to the streets that I (10) , would not pass through and (11) a tiny free library on the sidewalk. I began to (12) if I had really lived in this town all these years. It's a completely (13) town that I know so little about!
I felt deeply (14) for the walking challenge. Maybe I will set foot on far lands again, yet I know the (15) is right here and right now.
1. A. walking B. driving C. flying D. biking
2. A. anxious B. surprised C. excited D. ready
3. A. attacking B. hitting C. recovering D. comforting
4. A. went down B. spread out C. fell apart D. took over
5. A. mess B. way C. hurry D. corner
6. A. came B. jumped C. landed D. ran
7. A. wheel B. carpet C. street D. shelter
8. A. organization B. challenge C. schedule D. competition
9. A. standing B. judging C. passing D. dropping
10. A. obviously B. exactly C. normally D. formally
11. A. discovered B. built C. entered D. rented
12. A. comment B. question C. argue D. check
13. A. special B. similar C. quiet D. new
14. A. grateful B. hungry C. sorry D. doubtful
15. A. contribution B. wonder C. concern D. pressure
二、阅读理解（共30分）
A
There is more that comes with older age than greying hair and wrinkled skin When humans reach their later years, they favour more established friends and their social circle is reduced.
Now, for what appears to be the first time, scientists have seen the same behaviour in another species. Twenty years of observations of chimpanzees (猩猩) reveal that older males choose to hang out with their long-term friends at the expense of other relationships.
The researchers studied 78,000 hours of observations made between 1996 and 2016 that followed the social interactions of 21 male chimpanzees between the ages of 15 and 58 years old. They classified the chimps' relationships depending on the amount of time they sat with others and groomed (梳毛) them. They then rated the various pairings as mutual (相互的) friendships, where both chimps seemed to enjoy the relationship; one-sided friendships, where one chimp was more keen to be friends than the other; and non-friendships, where neither chimp showed interest in the other.
When the scientists looked at the patterns of friendships, they found that the older chimps had more mutual friendships and fewer one-sided friendships than younger chimps. Another feature seen in older humans was also spotted in the chimps. As the males got older, their levels of aggression (挑衅) tailed off, meaning they started fewer fights and tended to intimidate others in their group less often.
The observations have left the researchers puzzled. According to an idea in psychology known as socioemotional selectivity theory, or SST, older humans prefer more positive relationships because they are aware time is running out. But many animal experts argue that chimpanzees lack the human sense of mortality (死亡), suggesting something else is driving the behaviour.
Robin Dunbar, a professor of evolutionary psychology at the University of Oxford, said in humans, the decline in social circles with age is due to declining social motivation to get out and meet people combined by lack of opportunity. In chimpanzees, as older males compete less for mates, they may focus on close, reciprocal (互惠的) relationships with trusted partners, she said.
16. What do older male chimpanzees favour
A. Old friendships. B. New bonds. C. Greying hair. D. Wrinkled skin.
17. How did the researchers draw their conclusion about chimpanzees
A. By turning to other scientists.
B. By introducing a new concept.
C. By forming relationships with them.
D. By analyzing two decades' observations.
18. What does the underlined word "intimidate" in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Threaten. B. Motivate. C. Defend. D. Accompany.
19. According to Robin Dunbar, what accounts for declining social circles in chimpanzees
A. Awareness of time. B. Less competition for mates.
C. Low motivation for socialization. D. Lack of the human sense of mortality.
B
Sometimes it takes a crisis (危机) to bring friends together. When Hurricane (飓风) Maria went through the island of Cayo Santiago in 2017, the monkeys living there became kinder toward each other, according to a study published in the journal Current Biology.
The findings show the monkeys made more friends and became more patient to one another. Although the hurricane destroyed two-thirds of the plants on the "Monkey Island", the increased competition for resources caused the monkeys to become more amicable, which helped them widen their friendship circles.
"We expected the monkeys would use their closest partners to deal with the destruction of the hurricane and so would strengthen their existing relationships," said lead author Testard.
But that was not what happened. Instead, the monkeys built new relationships, rather than strengthening their old ones, which surprised the researchers. Monkeys that were the most lonely before the storm increased social connections the most afterward. The study showed that monkeys often befriended the friends of their friends. This "easy" way to making friends is often mirrored in human society.
The findings could also indicate how people might deal with the increasing threat of climate change. The monkeys are close evolutionary relatives to humans and share many features of their biology and behavior with human beings. The climate crisis has increased the likelihood of extreme weather events and natural disasters. Humans can learn a thing or two from studying how the monkeys cope with the unpleasant effects of climate change.
The main takeaway the study offers humans: go beyond your close-knit circle of friends and form a broader social network to survive tough times. "Our best friends can give us many things. But sometimes, what we need is a social network where everyone is just friendly enough," Testard says.
20. What does the underlined word "amicable" probably mean
A. Attacking. B. Frightening. C. Friendly. D. Energetic.
21. What shocked researchers about the monkeys in crisis
A. They shared the limited resources. B. They took advantage of old bonds.
C. They established new relationships. D. Isolated monkeys were most popular.
22. What does the last paragraph focus on about the study
A. Its process. B. Its result. C. Its purpose. D. Its significance.
23. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Ups and Downs of the Monkey Island
B. Connection between Humans and Monkeys
C. A Crisis Leads to New Monkey Friendships
D. Learn from Monkeys for Broader Social Network
C
A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to dean up floating(浮动的) plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device(设备) to trap plastic waste moving iota rivers before it reaches the oceans.
Bogan Slat was just 18 years old when he invented a system for catching waste in the ocean. He also founded an environmental group called The ocean cleanup. Its purpose is to develop the system. In 2019, Slat showed the next step: a floating device called Interceptor. It removes pastie out of rivers.the device is powered by energy from the sun. "The 1,000 rivers are responsible: for shout 80% of plastic going into the world's oceans," said Slat. Three of the machines have already been used. Each machine costs about $775,600, but the cost might drop as production increases.
Since they were used, the machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers. According to Slat, it is necessary to close "the tap", which means preventing more plastic from reaching the oceans in the first place. He wanted to clean them all in the next five years. "This is not going to be easy, but if we do get this done, we could truly make our oceans clean again," said seal.
The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things. It works by guiding pastie waste into an opening in the front of the device. The waste is then called inside the machine: where it is dropped into containers. The device sends a text message to local operators that can come and empty it when it is full.
24. What can we know about interceptor
A. It is being under test. B. It can help sort waste.
C. It needs solar power to work. D. It is mainly used in the deans.
25. What does "the tap" refer to in paragraph 3
A. The rivers. B. The machines. C. The oceans. D. The waste.
26. What's the function of the device's nose
A. To empty the waste. B. To serve as containers.
C. To ensure the device s safety. D. To send operators text messages.
27. Where is the text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A magazine.
D
When I was a little kid, one of my favorite things to do was going to the zoo. I recently heard that there are debates as to whether elephants should live in zoos or should they wander around free. My position is that some elephants should live in zoos for people to see.
Many experts say that elephants have a good life living in zoos. There are 78 zoos that exhibit elephants. Most zoos are taking the necessary steps to make living conditions better for the elephants. They are doing things such as replacing hard floors with sand or dirt. This makes it easier for them to wander around. Zoos are also expanding their elephant house to give the large animals more room to go around.
Zoos also protect endangered species. According to the World Wildlife Fund, in 2014 the total population of African elephants was around 700,000, and the Asian elephant population was around 32,000. The Asian elephants are on a path to dying out. Without zoos, they all are likely to disappear within our lifetime. The National Zoo plans to spend millions of dollars on a new Asian elephant habitat. That way, they can start their own group if the Asian elephants are gone.
There are people who want zoos to empty all of their elephant displays. If they decide to do so, it would take the chance to see elephants up close away from people. That could change the public's favorable opinion of elephants. National Zoo director John Berry says that allowing visitors to experience the elephants up close encourages people to care about endangered species. During one of my visits to the zoo, it was a very hot day. I was sweating a lot. Big Ben, the largest elephant on display, walked up to me and gently squirted(喷) my face with water from his trunk. Everyone was amazed at what he did. That was a very nice thing for Big Ben to do. I am sure that elephants are the nicest animals on earth. I wish all zoos would keep their elephant displays open to the public. I want all my friends to be able to experience what I did with Big Ben.
I feel zoos should follow all the necessary steps to keep elephants in zoos. I would raise money at my school if I thought it would help to keep elephants in zoos.
28. According to the passage, what do we know about the Asian elephants
A. They are living in a new habitat.
B. They are at the risk of disappearing.
C. They prefer wandering on hard floors.
D. They often squirt people's face with water.
29. The underlined word "displays" in Paragraph 4 means ______.
A. products B. trades C. habitats D. exhibitions
30. What is the author's attitude towards keeping elephants in the zoos
A. Objective. B. Disapproving. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful.
第II卷（非选择题）
三、选词填空（共15分）
A.color; B. bones; C.shape; D.cells; E.hide; F.dangerous; G.change; H.go; I.reflect; J.another; K.odd; L.amazing
Octopuses are masters on disguise (伪装). They can change their appearance in less than a second. How do they do this An octopus can disguise itself in three ways. One is by using (1) . An octopus's skin has special (2) called chromatophores. These cells are filled with yellow, brown, and red pigment (色素). When an octopus moves its muscles in a certain way, the cells produce colorful spots on its skin. Chromatophores can also (3) light. In blue light, for example, an octopus's skin will look blue. An octopus can also change its skin texture (皮肤结构). When the octopus moves its muscles, its skin can (4) unsmooth. It might then look like a plant, or coral. And (5) way an octopus disguises itself is by changing its (6) . Some, for example, roll their bodies into balls so they look like rocks. One type of octopus can change its form to look like other sea creatures—especially (7) ones, such as sea snakes
Why are octopuses so good at disguising themselves They have to be. The ocean is not a safe place for them. Because they have no (8) in their bodies, octopuses are like large pieces of meat. Many predators (捕食者) want to eat them—and they can eat them whole. To survive, octopuses have developed the (9) ability to change their appearance very quickly in order to (10) from predators.
四、阅读填空（共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jim is an eight-year-old boy. One day, when he went to the countryside (1) his parents, he caught a beautiful bird in the woods. (2) his father tried very hard to persuade him to let it go, Jim still decided (3) (keep) it.
After (4) (come) back from the countryside, Jim bought a beautiful cage and kept the little bird in it. In order to make the bird happy, he (5) (feed) it with nice food. He thought the bird lived (6) (happy) with him because it didn’t have to try hard to find food. (7) , the bird didn’t look happy. It always looked out of the cage, staring at the sky. And it never sang.
One day, his father said to him, “You should let the bird go now. It would be much (8) (good) for it to live in the woods than here. If you continue to keep it, it may die.” But Jim didn’t follow his father’s (9) (suggest). The bird was still kept in the cage.
One morning, when Jim went to play with the bird as usual, he found that the bird (10) (die). Jim was very sad and regretted（后悔）not letting it go. But it was already too late.
五、书面表达（共25分）
假如你叫李华，你所生活的城市周围有很多动植物正逐渐减少，对此你想向有关部门写一封信，分析造成这种现象的原因，并根据实际情况提出切实可行的几条建议。以下几条要点要包括在内：
(1)野生动植物的现状，并简要分析造成许多野生动植物濒临灭绝的原因；
(2)提出几条保护野生动植物的具体措施。
注意：
(1)词数80左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(2)开头语和结束语已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm writing to give some suggestions to protect the wildlife living in and around our city.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
I hope my suggestions are helpful.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案
1-15.B、C、D、A、C、C、A、B、C、C、A、B、D、A、B
1. 我住在旧金山以北的郊区，开车被认为是这里大多数人的主要交通形式。A.walking步行；B.driving开车；C.flying飞行；D.biking骑自行车。根据下文中的when I first learned to drive可知，作者此处是说开车(driving)是这个地区大多数人主要的交通方式。故选B。
2. 我仍然记得10年前我第一次学会开车时我是多么兴奋。A.anxious焦虑；B.surprised惊讶的；C.excited感到激动的；D.ready准备好。根据下文中的However, as time went by, that excitement (4) .可知，作者刚学会开车是很兴奋的(excited)。3. 当我驾车时，音乐轻轻地安慰着我的心，我内心充满了快乐。A.attacking 袭击；B.hitting打；C.recovering寻回；D.comforting安慰。根据下文中的I was filed with joy可知，此处是说作者开着车，听着音乐，舒缓的音乐抚慰着(comforting)作者的心。4. 随着时间的推移，这种兴奋感逐渐消退。A.went down下来；B.spread out散开；C.fell apart破碎；D.took over占上风。根据下文中的I feared driving, and felt worried and upset可知，作者对车的兴奋度随着时间的流逝下降了(went down)。故选A。
5. 每个人似乎都挡着我的路，尤其是在我赶时间的时候。A.in a mess团糟；B.in a way在某种程度上；C.in a hurry匆忙；D.in a corner在一个角落里。根据语境可知，当作者匆忙时，总认为人们挡了他的路。故选C。
6. 一只鹿从黑暗中跑了出来，撞上了我正在行驶的汽车引擎盖上，落在街对面的地上。A.came来；B.jumped跳；C.landed降落；D.ran跑。根据上文中的a deer ran out from the dark, knocked against my moving car和下文中的across the street可知，这只鹿被撞飞后，落到了(landed)街的对面。故选C。
7. 我坐在汽车上，不敢下车去看，我痛恨我的车。A.wheel轮子；B.carpet地毯；C.street街道；D.shelter避难处。根据上文中的I didn't dare to got out of my car to see her可知，作者没下车，趴在方向盘(wheel)上哭泣。故选A。
8. 我参加为期21天的有意识步行挑战赛，我开始带着思想走路。A.organization组织；B.challenge挑战；C.schedule工作计划；D.competition比赛。根据最后一段中的I felt deeply (14) for the walking challenge.可知，作者加入了21天的步行挑战(challenge)活动。故选B。
9. 在走路的那些日子里，我对每一个经过我身边的陌生人微笑。A.standing by支持；B.judging by依据……来判断；C.passing by路过；D.dropping by顺便访问。根据空前的stranger可知，作者会对从身边经过(passing by)的每一个陌生人微笑。故选C。
10. 我走到一条我通常不会经过的街道上，发现人行道上有一个小的免费图书馆。A.obviously明显地；B.exactly确切地；C.normally正常地；D.formally正式地。根据语境可知，作者走到通常(normally)不会经过的那条街上。故选C。
11. 我开始怀疑这些年来我是否真地住在这个镇上。A.discovered发现；B.built修建；C.entered进入；D.rented租用。根据下文中的a tiny free library on the sidewalk可知，作者在这条不常走的街上发现了(discovered)一个免费的小图书馆。故选A。
12. 我开始怀疑这些年来我是否真地住在这个镇上。A.comment评论；B.question怀疑；C.argue争吵；D.check检查。根据下文中的"if I had really lived in this town all these years"可知，作者开始怀疑(question)自己这些年来是否真的在这个镇子上生活13.这是一个我所知甚少的全新的城市。A.special特别的；B.similar相似的；C.quiet安静的；D.new新的。根据语境和上文中的"if I had really lived in this town all these years"可知，自作者步行以来，他发现这个镇子对于自己来说是一个新的(new)地方。14. 我对这次徒步挑战深表感激。A.grateful感激的；B.hungry渴望的；C.sorry难过；D.doubtful怀疑。根据语境可知，作者很感激(grateful)这个21天的步行挑战活动。15. 也许我会再次踏上遥远的土地，但我知道奇迹就在此时此地。A.contribution捐赠；B.wonder奇迹；C.concern担忧；D.pressure压力。根据语境可知，作者也许会再次访问遥远的地区，但他知道奇迹就在此时此地。故选B。
16-19.A、D、A、B
16. 根据文章第二段中的Twenty years of observations of chimpanzees (猩猩) reveal that older males choose to hang out with their long-term friends at the expense of other relationships.（20年来对黑猩猩的观察表明，年长的雄性黑猩猩选择与长期的朋友在一起，而牺牲了其他的关系。）可知，年长的雄性黑猩猩更重视旧的友谊。
17. 根据文章第三段中的The researchers studied 78,000 hours of observations made between 1996 and 2016 that followed the social interactions of 21 male chimpanzees between the ages of 15 and 58 years old.（研究人员研究了1996年至2016年间对21只年龄在15岁至58岁之间的雄性黑猩猩进行的7.8万小时的社会交往观察。）可推知，研究人员是通过分析二十年来的观察得出关于黑猩猩的结论的。故选D。
18. 根据文章第四段划线词前面的As the males got older, their levels of aggression (挑衅) tailed off, meaning they started fewer fights（随着雄性年龄的增长，他们的挑衅水平逐渐下降，这意味着他们开始减少争斗）可知，随着雄性黑猩猩年龄的增长，它们也更少恐吓群体中的其他成员。由此推知，划线词“intimidate”的意思为“威胁，恐吓”。故选A。
19. 通过文章最后一段中的In chimpanzees, as older males compete less for mates, they may focus on close, reciprocal (互惠的) relationships with trusted partners, she said.（她说，在黑猩猩身上，随着年龄较大的雄性黑猩猩争夺配偶的机会减少，它们可能会专注于与可信任的伴侣建立亲密、互惠的关系。）可知，Robin Dunbar指出，减少对配偶的竞争导致了黑猩猩社交圈的减少。故选B。
20-23.C、C、D、C
20. 根据第二段中的The findings show the monkeys made more friends and became more patient to one another.（研究结果显示，猴子们结交了更多的朋友，对彼此也变得更有耐心。）以及which helped them widen their friendship circles.（这有助于它们扩大友谊圈。）可知，猴子们在飓风之后变得更加友好，这有助于它们扩大友谊圈，推测划线单词表示“友好的”，与friendly同义。故选C。
21. 根据第四段中的Instead, the monkeys built new relationships, rather than strengthening their old ones, which surprised the researchers.（相反，猴子们建立了新的关系，而不是巩固他们的旧关系，这让研究人员感到惊讶。）可知，使研究人员感到惊讶的是猴子们建立了新的关系，而不是巩固旧关系。故选C。
22. 根据最后一段中的The main takeaway the study offers humans: go beyond your close-knit circle of friends and form a broader social network to survive tough times.（这项研究为人类提供的主要好处是：超越紧密的朋友圈，建立更广泛的社交网络，度过艰难时期。）可知，本段主要介绍了这项研究为人类提供的好处，即这项研究的意义。故选D。
23. 根据第一段中的When Hurricane (飓风) Maria went through the island of Cayo Santiago in 2017, the monkeys living there became kinder toward each other, according to a study published in the journal Current Biology.（根据发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项研究，2017年飓风玛丽亚袭击圣地亚哥卡约岛时，生活在那里的猴子对彼此变得更友好了。）可知，文章主要介绍了当飓风过境时，圣地亚哥岛上的猴子建立了新的友谊，所以“危机带来猴子之间新的友谊”可以作为文章标题。故选C。
24-27.C、A、C、D
24.根据第二段中的The device is powered by energy from the sun（该装置由太阳能提供动力）可知，这台设备是以太阳能为动力的。故选C。
25. 根据第三段的内容，尤其是which means preventing more plastic from reaching the oceans in the first place（这意味着首先要防止更多的塑料流入海洋）可知，Slat认为如果减少河里的垃圾，就能阻止垃圾进入大洋，此处close "the tap"是比喻说法，因此tap指的是河流。故选A。
26. 根据最后一段中的The device is designed to be safe in rivers.Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things（该装置被设计成在河流中是安全的。它的鼻子的形状可以改变方向，以远离较大的漂浮物体）可知，这个设备在河里是安全的，因为它的头部在碰到较大的漂浮物时会转变方向，故选C。
27. 本文是一篇科技类说明文，可能出自杂志。故选D。
28-30.B、D、C
28. 根据第三段The Asian elephants are on a path to dying out.（亚洲象正在濒临灭绝。）可知答案是B。
29.该词出现在第四段第一句，根据下一句话：If they decide to do so, it would take the chance to see elephants up close away from people.（如果他们决定这样做，就会有机会在远离人类的地方近距离观察大象。）可见前句意思是：有些人想清空动物园里所有大象的展览，所以答案选D。
30.. 根据第一段最后一句My position is that elephants should live in zoos for people to see.（我的观点是大象应该生活在动物园供人们观看）可见作者是支持把大象养在动物园的，故选C。
1-10.A、D、I、H、J、C、F、B、L、E
1-10.with、Though/Although/While、to keep 、coming、fed
happily、However、better、suggestion、had died
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm writing to give some suggestions to protect the wildlife living in and around our city.
As we know, many species of wildlife are in danger of extinction.①This is because the environment that they are living in has been destroyed greatly. They not only have little to eat, but also can be killed by human beings.
Personally, more measures should be taken to protect them from being hurt. Firstly, more laws must be made to stop people from cutting down trees. Secondly, all the factories must clean the waste water before it is poured into rivers or lakes.Thirdly, more reserves should be set up so that they can live safely.
I hope my suggestions are helpful.
Yours，
Li Hua