(共18张PPT)
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致
一.and 连接两个或两个以上单数名词或代词作主语时，
如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或物时， 谓语动词用复数。
He and I are both students of this school.
2. 如连接两个以上名词指同一人或物，或指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
The singer and actor is going to give a solo concert in our city.
The knife and fork is on the table.
比较：
Bread and butter is a common food for breakfast in England.
Bread and butter are sold in this shop.
二.with； along with；together with; as well as; besides ; like; without; except/but
Including; not
谓语动词与连接词前一部分主语一致
Mary, like many girls, loves dancing.
All the students,including Tom, are leaving.
No one, except/but me knows about it.
三。 如果主语是动词不定式，动词-ing形式或主语从句，谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seems very important.
Collecting stamps is his hobby.
四. or; either…or; neither…nor; not only …but also ; there be 结构等，谓语动词就近一致。
Neither you nor I am wrong.
There is a pen, two pencils in the pencil-box.
五. 不定代词all; more; most; some; any; none 等作主语，谓语动词视情况而定.
All of the apples are rotten.
All of the apple is rotten.
None of the money is left.
None of the students were there.
六. The restof; half of; part of; majoroty of; percent of; one third of 等加名词， 谓语动词与of 后的名词一致。
Half of the students have finished their compositions.
Half of the fruit is bad.
About 60 percent of the people are farmers.
About 60 percent of the work is done.
七. 集合名词作主语，强调整体谓语动词用单数，强调其中的成员，谓语动词用复数。如:people; police; cattle; family; class; crowd; team; group; crew; government; committee; audience 等。
The audience is very big.
The audience are listening to him carefully.
八. 有些名词，单复数同形， 作主语时，谓语按上下文来决定。如：means; works; deer; fish; sheep; Chinese; Japanese 等。
Not every means id useful.
Not all means are useful.
The chemical works is in the east of the city.
九.every…and every…; each…and each…; no…and no…连接单数名词，谓语动词用单数。
Every boy and every girl in this class is very diligent.
No sound and no voice is heard.
Many a; more than one; one and a half与单数名词组成词组， 谓语动词用单数。
Many a boy has played this kind of game.
One and a half apples is enough.
十. The＋形容词（表示一类人）作主语，谓语动词用复数。
The wounded are taken good care of in the hospital.
The young are fond of Rock and Roll.
十一. 表示时间，距离；价格；度量衡等的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Ten years is a long time for Mathilde.
Five yuan is not enough for me to buy this book.
十二. 加减乘除算式中，谓语动词用单数。
Two plus two is/makes/equals four.
十三. 书刊；报纸；国名等作主语时；谓语动词用单数。
The Times is a newspaper of London.
The United States refers to America.
十四. 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Someone is asking for you.
Nothing is found in that room.
十五.有些词看上去是复数，而实际上是单数，或者单复数意义不相同。
The news is very surprising.
Maths is my favourate subject.
Politics is difficult to learn.
His politics are always not the same as others’.
其他：
Why and how he stole the money is being looked into.
Why he left home and where he went are nor clear.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.(共24张PPT)
主谓一致的基本原则：
意义一致
2.就近一致
1. Every possible means ____been
tried in vain.*
2. To go to bed early and to rise
early ____a good habit.
To work and to live ______two
different things
3. What he says and acts_______
concern me.
What he says and acts______
agree.
4. Jane and Dick, not Mary, _____
my friends.
has
is
are
doesn’t
don’t
are
俩主语， 一肯定一否定， 谓动与肯定的主语保持一致。
单复数同形：
1). Chinese, Japanese, Portuguse, Swiss, Lebanese
2). means, series, species
3). sheep, deer, fish.
4). li, yuan, aircraft, crossroads
*
woods 树林 works 工厂
复数形式表单数概念
5. The young ______more energetic
than the old.
The new ____sure to replace the
the old.
are
is
the + adj. (-ing, -ed)表示一类人，谓语用复数；
表示一类事物，谓语用单数
6. All _____present besides the
professor and all ___going well.
are
is
all 指人时， 为复数，
指物时， 为单数。
Ex. All the bread I bought _______ delicious.
All the students they met _______ from Canada.
is
are
7. Some of the work _____been done.
has
all of, some of, any of, most of, none of, plenty of, percent of,
half of +n. 等作主语，根据 of 后的名词决定
但是： In the great things, the time of days and weeks _____so small that a day is unimportant.
is
8. My whole family _______ all fond of climbing mountains.
My family ________ lived in this village for over four years.
are
has
1. Either you or I _______ a liar.
Not only his sister but his two brothers ________ been to Canada recently.
am
have
either…or; neither …nor…;
not only…but also…;
…or…
2. There _____various means of
communication with a stranger.
There _____ a ruler and some reading books in the drawer.
are
is
1.Two feet ________long enough.
isn’t
时间、距离、重量、
金钱等的复数作主语，
当整体看，谓语用单数
Ten dollars ______enough for me now.
is
2. Where to have a picnic _____ not been decided.
What he said and what he did ________ quite different.
has
were
3. More than one person______
injured in the accident.
And more persons than one_____
dead eventually.
was
were
more than one/many a +单名+单动
要注意 more ….than one 的变形。
4. Scissors _______a kind of useful tool.
A pair of scissors _________(lie) on his bed now.
are
lies
5. Dr. Smith (together) with his two
sons ____going Paris.
is
as well as,
like; such as;
rather than
(together) with,
along with ,
besides
but/except/including
6. each+单数名词 +and +each +单数名词
every +单数名词 +and +every +单数名词
no +单数名词 +and +no +单数名词
many a +单数名词 +many a +单数名词
谓语动词用单数
Ex: Every second and every minute ______ important.
Mnay a boy and many a girl _____seen it.
is
has
#The students each ______a walkman
and they each ____them to
practice speaking English.
have
use
谓与主一致， 而非与同位语
一致。
#. Such ___Stephen Hawking , who
has suffered a great deal but
achieved so much. And such____
the difficulties he is faced with.
is
are
表系主结构（ 此为倒装句）
Exx: Most of her hair is grey.
. The New York Times have a
wide circulation.
. The Olympic Games is held
every four years.
are
has
hair \ population
整体为单数， 部分为
复数。
are
比较：
1.This is one of the best films that ______________directed by the famous director so far.
2.Tom is the only one of the boys in his class who _______ the chance to take part in the football match .
have been
has
1. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _____ tired of having one examination after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
2. A library with five thousand books ___to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered
3. When and where to build the new factory ___ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
4. The number of people invited ___fifty, but a number of them ___ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
5. E-mail, as well as telephones, ___ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
6. ____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
1．One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
2．Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
3．Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
4．Not the teacher，but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
1．Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday．
A．was B．were
C．has been D．have been
2．A woman with some children ____ soon．
A．is coming B．are coming
C．has come D．have come
3．No one except my parents ____ anything about this。
A．know B．knows
C．is known D．are known
4．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
5．All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed
6. A total of 300 letters _______ received last month.
The total of letters received last month __________ 300.
A mojority of people ______ part in cultural pursuits.
The majority of population _______ in cities.
were
was
take
lives/ live
A quantity of money ____ spent on the bridge.
Large quantities of money ______spent
was
were
materials
were(共32张PPT)
主谓一致
Agreement
What do you think of his way of dressing
1，语法一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数 由主语的单复数决定
2，意义一致原则，即主谓的一致不是主 语的语法形式来决定，而是由主语表达 的意义决定
3，就近原则，即谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的主语
主谓一致
概念：
主谓一致指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系
三原则：
e.g.
1, Many boy students are on the playground, playing football.
2, Natural gas is a gas which is easy to burn.
一：语法一致原则
一般来说，可数名词的复数用动词_______，不可数名词用动词_______
复数
单数
＊不定式（短语），动名词（短语）或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数．
e.g.
1,Tom’s family is a big one and his family are workers.
2, The population in India is increasing rapidly.
3,The population in that country are mostly farmers.
二：意义一致原则
1.The number of citizens who (have/ has) been questioned on this matter( is/ are) small.
2.The use of the credit cards in place of cash (has/have) increased in recent years.
3.One hundred divided by five (equal/equals) twenty.
4.What my father left me (is/ are) a few English books.
5.The New York Times (is/are) published daily.
have
is
has
equals
are
is
一般有not only…but also, neither…nor,____________, not…but 等句型及由here, there引导的句子.
e.g.
三：就近原则
either…or
2, Not only he but also all of us are looking forward to going abroad.
1, Either you or I am mad.
3,There is a desk and four chairs in the office.
4, Here comes the teacher and his 3 students.
一般有with, ______with, _______with, as well as, except, but,_______,
in addition to ,rather than 等
e.g.
1, Nobody but/except Mr. Smith was invited to the party.
2, The boss, rather than his employees is to blame.
就远原则
along
together
besides
四；重点与难点
1) 由两部分构成的物体名词，如trousers, earrings, jeans, glasses, scissors, pants等作主语时，谓语用复数形式，但如由a/the pair of 修饰，动词则用单数
e.g.
1, Look, Jack, your trousers are so dirty.
2, A pair of glasses is on the ground. Whose can it be
2) 一些词以-s结尾 arms, clothes, goods, wages, stairs, suburbs，动词用复数
3)名词以-ings结尾 belongings. findings, surroundings, earnings，动词用复数
4)一些学科名词以-s结尾 mathematics,_______,________, news, economics, mechanics等 动词用单数
e.g. 1, Economics is his major.
2, No news is good news.
5）时间，距离，容量，长度，价值等度量名词作主语，谓语用单数
e.g. 1, Twenty miles is a long distance.
2, More than two years has passed since you began to study in Huiwen High School.
3, Three pints isn’t enough to get you drunk.
physics
politics
1.Ten pounds (is/ are) much for all the trouble we have.
2.Four hours (is/are) needed to complete the outline.
3.All their belongings, together with the remains of torn-up newspapers, (lie/ lies) over the carpets.
4.At the bottom of the hill there (is/ are) a dangerous crossroads.
5.Their earnings (come/comes) to 500 dollars a week.
is
is
lie
is
come
6）由each, every, no, many a, more than one, one and a half 修饰名词，动词用单数
e.g.
1, Each of us has got a computer.
We each have got a computer.
2, Every boy and ( every ) girl wants to have a long holiday.
3, Many a child likes the film “Harry Portter”.
4, More than one graduate student has applied for the job advertised in the paper.
More than one hundred athletes are to take part in the sports meet.
has
are
7) 集体名词family, class, audience, team, crew, staff, club, crowd, company, government,_______, _______, __________作主语，谓语动词要根据主语的意思来决定
e.g. 1,Your class is made up of 50 students.
2,The team are discussing an important subject.
但police, youth, cattle people后一般用复数
e.g. The police have found out the evidence of the murder.
.
public
group
population,
1.Many a person in these circumstances (has/have) hoped for a long break.
2.Each man, woman , and child (was/were) asked to contribute.
3.The police (was/ were) searching the house for the stolen necklace.
4.That group of soldiers (has/ have) the best individual performance.
5.The audience (is/ are) listening to a Beethoven symphony.
has
was
were
have
are
8) the+adj(pp)表示一类人,动词用________;表示一类抽象的事物,动词用________.
the old/ young/ blind/ poor/ rich/ dead/ sick/ weak/unemployed/wounded/injured
e.g.1,The injured here are well looked after.
the beautiful/good/impossible/ugly/true/false
e.g.2,The beautiful is not necessarily the same as the good.
复数
单数
9) 分数,百分数修饰的词作主语,动词由它所修饰的词决定
e.g. 1, One fifth of the students in his class are girls.
2, 80% of the work has been completed up to now.
10) all 作主语表示人,动词用复数;表示物,动词用单数
e.g. 1, All present are eager to reach an agreement.
2, All that glitters is not gold.
1.The sick (have/has) been cured and the lost (have/has) been found.
2.The total of the unemployed (is/are) believed to reach 10,000.
3.All of the British (is/are) proud of their sense of humor.
4.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth (is/ are) the sea.
5.The majority of the criminals (is/are) young men.
have
is
are
is
are
has
11) 用and连接的并列主语, 如果主语是同一个人,同一事, 同一概念, 或习惯上被看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数:
the poet and writer , a needle and thread,
a desk and chair, a watch and chain , bread and butter,_______________
eg. 1,Science and technology is developing rapidly nowadays.
2, War and peace is a constant theme.
3, Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
a knife and fork
Consolidation:
1. The whole class _______ to the teacher attentively.
A. are listening B. is listening
C. listening D. listens
2. The secretary and monitor _______ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
3. Many a man _______ coming to help us.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
4. The number of people invited ____ 50, but a number of them _____ absent for different reasons.
were, was B. was, was
C. was, were D. were, were
5. About 70% of the trees _______ been planted, so one third of the area _______ covered with green trees.
A. are, has B. is, are C. has, is D. have, is
6. Not only he but also we _______ right.
He as well as we _______ right.
A. is, are B. is, is C. are, are D. are, is
7. We each _______ strong points and each of us, on the other hand, _______ weak points.
have, have B. have, has
C. has, has D. has, have
8. Climbing hills ________ of great help to our health.
A. is B. are C. were D. be
9. They had water running all night, so large quantities of water _______ wasted.
A. were B. was C. have D. has
10. Each man and each woman ________ asked to leave when the fire broke out.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
11. The Olympic Games ________ held every ________ years.
is, four B. are, four
C. is, fourth D. are, fourth
12. She is the only one of the girls who ________ good at dancing.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
13. One or two apples ________ in the basket, and one and a half peach ________ on the table.
are, is B. is, are C. is, is D. are, are
14. His Selected Poems ________ first published in 1989.
A. were B. are C. is D. was
15. I know that all ________ getting on well with her.
A. were B. was C. is D. are
16. Every means ________ to prevent the air pollution, so the sky is clear now.
is used B. are used
C. has been used D. have been used
17. When and where the story took place ________ still unknown.
A. was B. is C. were D. are
18. Between the two buildings _________ our library.
is standing B. standing C. stand D. stands
19. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ________ yet.
A. are not decided B. has not been decided
C. is not being decided D. have not been decided
20,Between the two generations, it is often not their age,___ their education that causes misunderstandings.
A. like B. as C. or D. but
21.A survey of the opinions of experts _______ that three hours of outdoor exercises a week ______good for one’s health.
A. show, are B. shows, are
C. shows ,is D. shows, are
22.A poet and artist_____ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
23.Most of what has been said about the Smiths_____also true of the Johnsons.
A. are B. is C. being D. to being
24.The father as well as his three children ______ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going
25.The construction of the two new railway lines_______ by now.
A. has been completed B. have been completed C. has completed D. have completed
主谓一致
1.The teacher together with his student___(be) going there on foot.
主语后接with,together with,along with,as well as,rather than,but,like等短语做定语或状语时，谓语不受影响。
2.Many students___(like) English.
Many a students__(have) been to Tian’men Square.
主语前面又many a,more than one等做定语修饰时，谓语部分用单数。
3.His trousers___(be) on the bed.
A pair of trousers___(be) on the bed.
像trousers,glasses,scissors,goods,shorts,pants等复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语部分用复数，而其前有量词短语修饰时，谓语部分单复数由短语中的名词的单复数决定。
4.The number of the students in our class___(be) sixty.
A number of the students in our class___(be) from Japan.
the number of +名词复数作主语，表示 “……的数目”，谓语部分用单数。a number of+名词复数作主语，表示“ 许多、大量”，谓语部分用复数。
5.The rich___(have) many money, but the poor___(have) no money.
the+形容词表示“一类人”时，谓语用复数。
6.My family___(watch) TV at home now.And my family___(be) big. It___(have) seven people.
The class___(plant) trees on the hill at this time yesterday. And our class___(have) seventy students.
family,class集合名词，强调成员是用复数，表示家庭、班级整体概念时，用单数。
7.What he said___(not agree) with what he did.
从句、不定式、动名词表示一种抽象的概念，谓语用单数。
8.Maths___(be) very difficult.
Twenty years___(be) a ling time.
表示学科、时间、距离、金钱、重量、容量等的复数名词，作主语表达抽象的概念，谓语用单数。
9.The teacher and the writer___(be) present at the meeting.
The teacher and writer___(be) present at the meeting.
当and连接的两个名词单数前都由the时，表示两个人，而当and连接的两个名词单数共用一个the时，表示单一的概念，是指一个人。
10.No teacher and no writer___(be) going there.
and连接的两个单数名词前都由every,no,many a等修饰时，谓语用单数。
11.There___( be) a dog and three cats in the room.
Either his friends or he usually ___(go) to help the old man.
再there be句型、neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, whether…or或or连接并列主语的句子中，采取就近原则。
12.This fish___(be) very big and those fish ___(be) very small.像fish,sheep, deer,people等单复数形式一样的名词，如果意义上是单数，则动词用单数，如果意义上是复数，则动词用复数。
13.Two bottles of water___(be) on the table.
A bottle of water___(be) on the table.
A basket of apples___(be) on the table.
Two baskets of apples___(be)on the table.
计量时，可以用“数词+单位词+of+可数名词复数 不可数名词谓语动词与单位词的单复数一致。
14.The United States___(be) a big country.
以复数形式出现的国家名称、书名、形式上以s结尾，意义上是单数，谓语用单数。
15.His father___(have) lunch at home every day.
在一般现在时态中，主语是第三人称单数时，谓语用单数。
